The history of the church from our Lords incarnation, to the twelth year of the Emperour Maricius Tiberius, or the Year of Christ 594 / as it was written in Greek, by Eusebius Pamphilius ..., Socrates Scholasticus, and Evagrius Scholasticus ... ; made English from that edition of these historians, which Valesius published at Paris in the years 1659, 1668, and 1673 ; also, The life of Constantine in four books, written by Eusibius Pamphilus, with Constantine's Oration to the convention of the saints, and Eusebius's Speech in praise of Constantine, spoken at his tricennalia ; Valesius's annotations on these authors, are done into English, and set at their proper places in the margin, as likewise a translation of his account of their lives and writings ; with two index's, the one, of the principal matters that occur in the text, the other, of those contained in the notes.

CHAP. XIX. Concerning Mauricius's Generalship, and concer∣ning his Vertues.

BUt, Tiberius being now, after the death of Justinus, encircled with the [Imperial] Crown, turns Justinianus out of Commission, in regard he managed not [the War] against the Barbarians with the same fortunate success as formerly. And a 1.1 he Cre∣ates Mauricius Magister of the Eastern Milice, a person that derived his Descent and Name from the seniour Rome; but from his immediate Pa∣rents he acknowledged him∣self a Native of b 1.2 Arabis∣sus, a City of Cappadocia. He was a personage of great prudence and perspicacity, every way accurate and im∣moveable. As to his Diet and Moralls, he was con∣stant and most exact, a per∣fect Master over his appe∣tite, making use of those [provisions] only that were necessary and easily procured; but [avoiding] all other things, † 1.3 where∣with dissolute and intem∣perate men are wont to please themselves. He was not easie of Access as to Conferences with * 1.4 the Many, nor gave attention [promiscu∣ously to all persons;] being sensible, that the first produced contempt, and the second o∣pened the way to flattery. He permitted very few Visits to be made to himself, c 1.5 nor those except concerning affairs of consequence. But to matters superfluous he stopt his ears, not with wax, according to the Poet, but with rea∣son rather: that so, reason might be the best key of his Ears, which should opportunely both open and shut them in Discourses. He had in such a manner, ‖ 1.6 clear'd himself of ig∣norance, the Mother of Rashness; and of Sloth, which d 1.7 dwelleth with her, and is her e 1.8 Comrade: that his being in danger was [to be ascribed] to Wisedome, and his slowness of Action, to security. For, Courage and Prudence rode on Opportunities as 'twere on an Horse, and governed the Raines according to what the Utility [of the Republick] might order. And, the Remissness and * 1.9 Intensness of his very Assaults were performed in a certain Measure, Order, and Proportion. But concerning this matter we shall speak more accurately in the Sequel. For, what and how eminent a person he was, must be reserved to his own Empire; which hath made a more manifest discovery of this man, and, by having allowed him an uncontroulable power of doing any thing, has displaid his very inmost Recesses. This Mauricius therefore having at the head of the Roman Army made an Expedi∣tion into the Persian Territories, takes from the Persians their Cities and most convenient Castles: and possessed himself of so great a Spoil, that the * 1.10 Captives he had brought away [out of Persia] f 1.11 peopled whole

Islands, Cities, and Countreys, which in process of time had been deserted; and land that before had been wholly untilled, was by them rendred fertile; and out of them were raised numerous Armies, which with great Courage and Valour waged wars against other [barbarous] Na∣tions: [in fine,] every family was filled with those that might perform Servile Offices, in re∣gard Slaves could be procured at a most cheap rate.

Notes

• a 1.1

  Yea, Tiberius, whilst Justi∣nus as yet survived, created Mau∣ricius Magister of the Oriental Milice, after he had turned out Justinian; as Theophylactus attests, book 3, chap. 15. Vales.
• b 1.2

  Arabissus, or Arabissum, was heretofore a Town of Armenia Secunda, as Hierocles informs us in his Notitia of the Provinces of the Eastern Empire. Indeed, in the First Constantinopolitane Sy∣nod, a Bishop of Arabissus in Ar∣menia the less is mentioned. More∣over, Philostorgius ascribes this Town to Armenia the Less, as may be seen in Suidas, in the word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. But afterwards it was attributed to Cappadocia, if we may believe Evagrius. I know not whether it be the same with Arabisson, whereof Menan∣der Protector makes mention in his Excerpta Legationum, (pag. 159 of the Kings Edition,) which Town was near Theodosiopolis. Vales.
• † 1.3

  Or, Wherewith a dissolute life is de∣lighted.
• * 1.4

  Or, The Vulgar.
• c 1.5

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. Musculus renders this place thus; ac∣cessus ad se raros per∣mittebat, eosque cla∣boratos, he permitted very few Accesses to himself, and those [pro∣cured] wit•• a great deal of difficulty. Nor has Christophor∣son transla∣ted it bet∣ter, in this manner; Rarò ad se adeundi concessit po∣testatem, e∣amque non nisi vehe∣menter ora∣tus, largi∣tus est; He rarely gran∣ted a power of access to himself; and he be∣stowed that, not without very earnest intreaty. Neither of these Translatours have hit the sense of this place. But the Florentine Manuscript hath shown us the true reading of this passage. For, instead of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, it is there writ∣ten 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 I doubt not therefore but this whole place is thus to be read; 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 He permitted very few Visits, &c, as we have rendred it. Further, in the Florent. Manuscript these words are set in the Margin: 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Those things which he speaks concerning Mauricius are full of admiration and worthy of praise. There occurs another Elogie of Mauricius, elegant enough, in Suidas in the word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 taken out of Menander Protector's History: to compare that with this here, would not be unuseful. Vales.
• ‖ 1.6

  Or, Thrust from himself.
• d 1.7

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. I am not of the same opinion with Christo∣phorson and Sir Henry Savil, who at this place read 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 For there is no such Greek word as 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, as I think▪ Mus∣culus also seems to have read in the same manner. For he renders it thus; Inscitiam verò matrem temeritatis, & ignaviam illius domesticam ac sociam sic a se repellebat, &c. for he so drove from himself Ignorance the Mother of Rashness, and Sloth her Domestick and Companion, &c. In the same manner Evagrius, in the beginning of this book, hath spoken concerning Justinus Junior; 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, &c. being possest with—Vices, Boldness and Sloth: where (as it seems from this place) we should read 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, with two Vices that were Comrades or Chamberfellowes. But if any one had rather read 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, as Sir Henry Savil does, then the pas∣sage is to be rendred thus; Et inquilinam ejus, ac contubernalem igna∣viam, And Sloth which dwelleth with her, and is her Comrade. For, there is as much difference between the word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, as between 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. Now, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 im∣ports Colonus, but 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 signifies Inquilinus; as Suidas informs us in the word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. They who were carried out of their own Country into any Colonie, were termed 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 or Coloni. But, he who volun∣tarily left his own Country and removed into a Colonie or into any other City, was termed 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, or 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. Christophorson is mistaken therefore, who hath rendred this place thus: Inscitiam autem Matrem Audaciae, & Timiditatem quae ei vicina ac finitima est, sic ab se depulit, But he in such a manner thrust from himself ignorance the Mother of Boldness, and Timidity which is her Neighbour and Borderer. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 does not signifie Finitimam a Borderer, but inquilinam, as I have said. And the Latine word inquilina does exactly agree with the Greek-term. For 'tis called inquilinus ab incolatu, from habitation or dwelling. Besides, the words 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 does not signifie Vicinam, a Neighbour; (for that would be 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉;) but Contu∣bernalem, a Comrade or Chamber-fellow, who lives under the same Roof. But, after a more diligent inspection into the Matter, I should rather read at this place 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. Vales.
• e 1.8

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. I think it must be 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, understand, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 Rashness. The reason of which emendation I have given a little before. Nicephorus (book 18, chap. 8,) writing out this passage of Evagrius, has exprest it thus; 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 Sloth which dwelleth with her and is her Assessour: which is the worst way of all. Vales.
• * 1.9

  Or, Ve∣hemency.
• * 1.10

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, the en∣snared Captives.
• f 1.11

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. In the Florentine Manuscript I found it written 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. Nicephorus has made use of the simple verb 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. I doubt not but Evagrius wrote 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Peopled. Evagrius has used the same term in the first and second chapter of this book. Vales.