The history of the church from our Lords incarnation, to the twelth year of the Emperour Maricius Tiberius, or the Year of Christ 594 / as it was written in Greek, by Eusebius Pamphilius ..., Socrates Scholasticus, and Evagrius Scholasticus ... ; made English from that edition of these historians, which Valesius published at Paris in the years 1659, 1668, and 1673 ; also, The life of Constantine in four books, written by Eusibius Pamphilus, with Constantine's Oration to the convention of the saints, and Eusebius's Speech in praise of Constantine, spoken at his tricennalia ; Valesius's annotations on these authors, are done into English, and set at their proper places in the margin, as likewise a translation of his account of their lives and writings ; with two index's, the one, of the principal matters that occur in the text, the other, of those contained in the notes.

CHAP. XI. Concerning the [two] Syrian [Bishops] Seve∣rianus and Antiochus, how, and for what rea∣sons they disagreed with Johannes.

MOreover, the Odium against Johannes was increased by another accident of this na∣ture. There were two Bishops who flourished at one and the same time, by extract they were Syrians, [their names] Severianus and An∣tiochus. Severianus Presided over the Church of Gabali, which is a City of Syria; and Antiochus over that of Ptolemaïs scituate in Phoenice. Both of them were famous for their eloquence. Se∣verianus, though he seemed to be very Learned, yet did not pronounce the Greek tongue exactly and distinctly: but whilest he spoke Greek, his voice had the sound of Syriack. Antiochus came first to Constantinople from Ptolemaïs; and ha∣ving for some time Preached in the Churches [of the Imperiall City] with much Labour and Diligence, and from them procured a great summe of money; at length he returned to his own Church. Afterwards, Severianus being in∣formed that Antiochus had gotten a great deal of money at Constantinople, made it his business to follow his example. Having therefore ex∣ercised himself very much, and made many Ser∣mons, he also comes to Constantinople. Where being curteously received by Johannes, for some

time he soothed and ••••attered him, and was not∣withstanding beloved and honoured by Johan∣nes: in the mean while he grew famous for his Sermons, and on that account came to be taken notice of by * 1.1 many great personages [of that City,] and moreover, by the Emperour him∣self. It hapned that the Bishop of Ephesus died at that time, and Johannes was necessitated to make a journey thither, to ordain a Bishop there. Being come to that City, and finding some en∣deavouring to promote one person to the Bi∣shoprick, others another, (who also strove very earnestly amongst themselves upon their ac∣count, for whom they gave their suffrages;) Johannes perceiving that both parties contended most pertinaciously, and would in no point be obedient to his admonitions; resolved to put an end to their contention * 1.2 without offending either faction. He himself therefore preferred one He∣raclides his Deacon, by Nation a Cypriot▪ to the Bishoprick. And so both parties desisted from their mutuall contentiousness, and were at quiet. On this account Johannes was necessitated to stay at Ephesus a long time. In the interim that he resided there, Severianus gained a greater esteem and affection from his Auditors at Constantinople. Nor was this thing unknown to Johannes. For he was with all imaginable speed acquainted with what-ever hapned. When therefore Serapion (of whom we have made mention † 1.3 before,) suggested this to him, and told him the Church was disturbed by Severianus, Johannes was pro∣voked to an Emulation. And having ‖ 1.4 incident∣ly taken away many Churches from the Nova∣tianists and Quartadecimani, he returned to Con∣stantinople. Where he renewed the care of the Churches which was incumbent on him. But no body was able to endure Serapion's haughtiness and arrogancy. For in regard he was in posses∣sion of a great * 1.5 interest and favour with Jo∣hannes the Bishop, his insolence towards all persons was immeasurable. For which reason the Odium also against the Bishop became more enkindled. Upon a time, when Severianus passed by him, Serapion refused to give him the Honour due to a Bishop: but continued in his seat, demon∣strating thereby that he had but a very slight esteem for Severianus's presence. Severianus could not bear this contempt of Serapion's; but spake with a loud voice to those that were present, If Serapion dies a Christian, Christ hath not been In∣carnate. Serapion having gotten this occasion, did openly render Severianus odious to Johan∣nes: He concealed the first clause of the sentence, [to wit, this] if Serapion dies a Christian; and affirmed that Severianus said these words only, doubtless Christ was not incarnate. He produced a company of his own [faction] who attested that the words were spoken so. Johannes there∣fore forthwith expells Severianus out of the City. This coming to the knowledge of the Empress Eudoxia, she reproves Johannes severely; and gave order that Severianus should forthwith be recalled from Chalcedon in Bithynia. He re∣turned immediately. But Johannes declined his friendship; nor could he be induced thereto by the intreaty of any one. a 1.6 Till at length the Empress Eudoxia, in that Church called The A∣postles, cast her Son Theodosius (who now Reigns successfully, but was then a very young child;) before Johannes's knees, and b 1.7 having adjured him frequently by her Son, with much adoe pre∣vailed with him to admit of a friendship wi••h Se∣verianus. After this manner therefore these two persons were to appearance reconciled: ne∣vertheless, they retained a rancoured mind one towards another. Such was the occasion of Jo∣hannes's grudge against Severianus.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Or, ma∣ny of the Magistracy.
• * 1.2

  Or, With∣out labour, or, trouble.
• † 1.3

  Book 6. chap. 4.
• ‖ 1.4

  Or, By the by.
• * 1.5

  Or, Li∣berty and confidence.
• a 1.6

  Instead of [〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, in so much that the Empress,] in my judgment it should be [〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, till at length the Empress.] Nor do I doubt but Socrates wrote thus. Nicephorus words it expressly according to our emendation. And in Sozomen the reading is [〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, untill,] which is the same. Vales.
• b 1.7

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉; that is, ha∣ving adju∣red him by her Son. The Ancients were wont to swear by their Children. So in Virgil,

  Per caput hoc juro, per spem surgentis Iüli: I swear by this head, by the hopes of growing Iülus.

  After the same manner, when they would earnestly entreat others, they beseeched them by their own children, and whatever they ac∣counted most dear to themselves. In this manner therefore Eudoxi•• spake to John Chrysostome at that time. By this little child of mine, and your spirituall So••, whom I brought forth, and whom you received out of the sacred Font; be reconciled with Severianus. 'Tis certain Chry∣sostome had received Theodosius Junior out of the sacred Font▪ as Ni∣cephorus relates at this place, from Simeon Metaphrastes, as I suppose. Further, Baronius places this reconciliation between Severianus and Chrysostome, on the year of Christ 401, in the Consulate of Vincentius and Fravitus. But I had rather place it on the year following▪ For if it be true that Theodosius was then baptized, as we have before re∣lated from Nicephorus: (which is indeed highly probable; for Eudoxia would not have brought her Son into the Church of the Apostles, had he not been baptized:) this reconciliation of the Bishops must neces∣sarily happen on the year of Christ 402. For Theodosius Junior was born in the Consulate of Vincentius and Fravi••us, (which was the year of Christ 401,) on the tenth of April. For so 'tis recorded in the Alexandrian Chronicle, and in Marcellinus's which was put forth by Onu••rius. The reading in Sirmondus's Edition is false, where it is on the eleventh of April. Nor is it credible, that he could be bapti••ed, except in the Easter of the year following. If any one notwithstan∣ding shall maintain, that he was baptized a few days after his birth, (as Marcus seems to intimate in the life of Porphyrius;) we will al∣low this, if he pleases. But who can believe, that Theodosius would have been brought into the Church by his Mother, and placed at Chrysostome's knees, before he was a year, or ten months old? Vales.