The history of the church from our Lords incarnation, to the twelth year of the Emperour Maricius Tiberius, or the Year of Christ 594 / as it was written in Greek, by Eusebius Pamphilius ..., Socrates Scholasticus, and Evagrius Scholasticus ... ; made English from that edition of these historians, which Valesius published at Paris in the years 1659, 1668, and 1673 ; also, The life of Constantine in four books, written by Eusibius Pamphilus, with Constantine's Oration to the convention of the saints, and Eusebius's Speech in praise of Constantine, spoken at his tricennalia ; Valesius's annotations on these authors, are done into English, and set at their proper places in the margin, as likewise a translation of his account of their lives and writings ; with two index's, the one, of the principal matters that occur in the text, the other, of those contained in the notes.

CHAP. V. Concerning Ulpianus and Aedesius Martyrs.

AT the same time, and almost on the same days, a young man in the City of Tyre, by name Ulpianus, after he had been cruelly scourged and endured most grievous stripes, * 1.1 was sown up in the raw hide of an Oxe, together with a Dog and a venemous Serpent, and cast into the Sea: a 1.2 Wherefore we thought it agreeable to make mention of this person at [this place wherein we have related] the Martyrdom of Apphia∣nus. Some small time after this, Aedesius, brother (not only in respect of God, but by a bodily affinity also,) by the b 1.3 fathers side to Apphi∣anus, after [he had made] very many confessions, and for a long time had been cru∣ciated in bonds; after he had been condemned to the mines in Palestine by the Presidents Sentence; and after he had, under all these [tortures,] led a life continually like a Philosopher, in a Philoso∣phick habit; (for he had ac∣quired far more learning than his brother, in that he had applied his mind wholly to Philosophick literature.) at length, when, at the City of Alexandria, he saw the Judge (who was then examining the Christians) most extra∣vagantly insulting over, and enraged against them; one while putting various and most reproachful abuses up∣on grave men; at another, delivering women most emi∣nent for their chastity, and •• Virgins that had devoted 〈…〉〈…〉mselves to God, to Pan∣〈…〉〈…〉rs, that they might be de∣filed* 1.4 with all sorts of obsce∣nity: he attempted the same fact that his brother had done. For, because what was thus performed seemed to him intolerable, with a valiant boldness he ap∣proach't the d 1.5 Judge, and ha∣ving by his words and deeds surrounded him with shame

and ignominy, and after that, most couragiously endured various sorts of tortures, he was thrown into the Sea, and ended his life after the same man∣ner that his brother did. These things happened thus to Aedesius, although (as I said before) some small time after.

Notes

• * 1.1

  This was the punishment, which the Romans inflicted on Parricides. In Seneca's age (see his 5^th Book, Controver. 4. at the latter end) only Serpents were put into the leathern sack (which they termed Culeus) with the Ma∣lefactor; afterwards they sowed up an Ape and a Cock with him, and at last a Dog. The offender was first whip't with rods till the bloud came, then sown up after this manner. See Coel. Rhod. B. 11. Chap. 21. The Grecians had a way of putting Criminals to death, by drowning them in the Sea, which they termed 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉; but they made use of a leaden vessell only, into which they put the Malefactor; as ap∣pears from Athenaeus, B 14; his words are these, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Patroclus therefore, Ptolemie's Governour in the Isle Caunus, took him, and put him into a Leaden vessell, and carried him to the Sea, and drowned him. Neither was this accounted amongst the heaviest sorts of punishment by the Grecians, as appears from Polybius, B. 2.
• a 1.2

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, &c. that is, Although Ulpianus suffered not in Palestine, but in Phoenicia, yet because he suffered Martyrdom at the same time, and died by the same sort of punishment that Apph••a∣nus had inflicted on him, we judged it not unfit to make mention of him here. It is therefore apparent from these words, that Eusebius in this book designed to give an account of the Martyrs of the Province of Palestine only. Vales.
• b 1.3

  In the Greek Menaeum, at the second day of April, Aedesius is stiled Apphianus's brother by the mothers side. Vales.
• * 1.4

  ^c In the Med. Fuk. and Maz. M. SS. the term is 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, one entire word; which, in my judgment is the better reading. Eusebius does usually call those Christian Virgins by this name, who spontaneously had devoted their virginity to God. Such per∣sons the Latines called devotae. For so Ausonius and others term them. Vales.
• d 1.5

  The explication of this place is to be had from the Menaeum of the Greeks; where Aedesius is said to have struck Hierocles Prefect of Egypt (in the interim of his raging against the Christians) with his fist. The words there are these; 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉; i. e. But Aedesius, who was [condemned] to work in the mines of Brass, having seen (at Alexandria in Egypt) Hierocles the President punishing the Christians, he accounted him a despicable person, and struck the President with own hand. Wherefore, in this place of Eusebius, the term 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 denotes the blows given to the President; and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 imports the reproachful language which Aedesius gave him. Both which are intimated by Eusebius in these words 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, by his words and deeds. Epiphanius and Lactantius mention this Hierocles, Prefect of Egypt, who was famous for the great slaughter he made amongst the Christians. This was the Hi••rocles, against whom our Eusebius wrote a book. Vales.