The present state of London: or, Memorials comprehending a full and succinct account of the ancient and modern state thereof. By Tho. De-Laune, Gent

CHAP. V.

Of the Trade of LONDON.

TO go about to Demonstrate the great Necessity and Benefit of Trade in General, in a Common∣wealth or City, were but (in re non dubia, uti oratione non necessaria,) in a matter which is undoubted to use a needless Harangue; it being certain that Wealth and Riches (which are acquired by Traffick and Indu∣stry,) are Subsidia Belli, & Ornamenta Pacis, the Sup∣ports of War, and Ornaments of Peace, by which the wants of one place, are supplyed by the plenty of another, and the Indigence of the Poor, relieved by Employments from the Rich; there being such a general dependance of one Calling upon another, from the Highest to the Lowest, that they cannot well Subsist without the mutual aid of each other; in which is manifest the Infinite Wisdom of the Sove∣raign Disposer of all things, who has order'd Human Affairs to so due and regular a Subordination to each other, and so necessary a Concatenation among them∣selves, that by a perfect Symmetry or Symphony of Parts, they conclude in a perfect Harmony of Ge∣neral Good to Mankind, which Superlative Blessing should be improved to mutual Advantage, and the Glory of the Supreme Author of it.

In this Chapter we Design to produce some Re∣marks, with respect to Trade in some Particu∣lars; as,

• 1. The Particular Advanges of London, with Re∣spect to Trade.
• 2. Its Merchants.
• 3. Its Trade into the Country.
• 4. Its Trade to Foreign Parts.
• 5. Of the twelve Principal Companies, with their Coats of Arms, &c.
• 6. Of the other Corporations with their Coats of Arms.
• 7. Of the Custom-House.
• 8. Of the Post-Office.
• 9. Of Of the Rates or Fares of Watermen, Car∣men, Coachmen.
• 10. Of the Carryers, Waggoners, and Stage-Coaches, that come to the Principal Inns, with the Days of their coming in, and setting forth, to all the Principal Parts of England.

SECT. 1.

SOme of the Advantages of this great City were hinted, Page third and fourth, to which we shall add, that one of the Supreme Advantages, is by the goodly River of Thames, which, opening Eastward towards Germany and France, is much more Ad∣vantageous for Traffick, than any other River in En∣gland; and it may be said without Vanity, that no River in the World can shew a Braver sight of Ships than are commonly to be seen (like a Floating For∣rest) from Black-Wall to London-Bridge; which in continual Voyages Import all sorts of Goods, either for Need or Ornament, and Export our Superfluities, to the extraordinary Advantage of all sorts of Peo∣ple, high or low; of this see more in the Section of the River Thames.

Another Advantage that London hath, is its being Situate so farwithin the Land, that it is plentifully sup∣plyed with all necessary Provision from the Country, at easie and indifferent Rates, and the Manufactures of the Respective Counties, which the City disperses to Markets beyond Seas; in Recompence, the Coun∣try is supplyed by the City, with all sorts of necessary Merchandizes, wanting there, &c. Insomuch that London is a large Magazine, of Men, Money, Ships, Horses, Ammunition, of all sorts of Commodities ne∣cessary or expedient for the Use or Pleasure of Man∣kind. It is the mighty Rendezvous of Nobility, Gentry, Courtiers, Divines, Lawyers, Physitians, Merchants, Seamen, and all kind of Excellent Arti∣ficers, of the most Refined Wits, and most Excellent Beauties: for it is observed, that in most Families of England, if there be any Son or Daughter that Ex∣cells the rest in Beauty or Wit, or perhaps Courage or Industry, or any other rare Quality, London is their Pole-Star, and they are never at rest till they point directly thither; which vast Confluence, (be∣sides being the Kings Chief and Imperial Seat, where Parliaments, and the Principal Courts of Justice are held, where the Inns or Colledges of the Municipial Laws are Seated, with the Great Houses of the No∣bility and Ministers of State) must needs bring a vast Advantage and Increase to Trade, besides the most Exquisite Ornament and Gallantry that any Place in the World can shew.

SECT. 2.

Of the Merchants of London.

MErchandizing may be said to be an Art or Sci∣ence, invented by Ingenious Mankind for the Publick Good and Profit of all, supplying (as was said,) the Native wants of one Place, by the abun∣dance of others, that do not Consume their own Growths, Products, or Manufactures. Such as Ne∣gotiate and Traffick this way are called Merchants. The things Sold or Exchanged are two. First, Wares or Goods. And Secondly, Moneys or Coyn, which are usually Contracted or Bargained for, three ways.

First, When Goods are Exchanged for Goods; that is, so much of one Sort, for like value of ano∣ther, and this is called Bartering, usual here in old times, and in many places of America, Asia, and Af∣frica in these days: but in Process of time, Men finding it too difficult and troublesom to carry about them, all things thus Bargained and Truckt for, from place to place, invented a common Standard, or Mea∣sure that should countervail, and be in Value as all other things, and be Accounted in Payments, Satis∣faction and Equivalency to all others: and this is called Money, of Gold Silver, or other Mettals. This Use of Money is as old as Abraham, but it was not then Coyned, but only in Pieces Unstampt; and since by Authority of Princes, it was divided into great and small Pieces, and into several and Distinct parts and Denominations, and Stampt or Coyned with se∣veral Characters, denoting the true Weight and Va∣lue of the same. This was done first by Servius in Rome, of Brass, whereon was Imprinted the Image of Sheep and Oxen, betokening the Wealth and Riches of those days; ten of those Pieces made a

Denier or Penny, and were called by Latines, De∣narii. This was the Original of Money, which after∣ward came to be Coyned of Silver and Gold.

Secondly, The Second way is of Goods for Money, and this is Termed Bargaining, or Buying and Sel∣ling; this Facilitates Merchandizing, and to prevent the Inconvenience and Danger of the Carriage of Money about a Man, another Medium was found, and that was:

Thirdly, Exchanging, which is the giving of so much Money in one Place to one, who should cause it to be again repay'd in another place by another for him. In all Exchanges there is concluded two Payments, two places, and four distinct Persons, viz. he that Payeth in one place, and Receiveth in ano∣ther; and he that Receiveth in the one place, and Payeth in the other, and so no Man can Remit, except there be another to Draw; nor can any Receive, ex∣cept there be another Authorized to Pay.

The first of these ways was taught to Ma••kind by Necessity, the second was found out to Facilitate the first, and the third to Facilitate the second. Thus was the Original of Exchanges, to Accommodate Com∣merce, which was first Practized without Benefit or Loss, or any other Consideration, they using to Pay the Value of the very Sum Received: but in time it came to be considered, that the Party Paying, loses time, and runs a hazard, and therefore it was held reasona∣ble that he should have some benefit. Hence Ex∣changes are converted to an Art or Mystery, Moneys being remitted for benefit, without so much respect to the end of its Original Institution.

In the first sort, the Merchant ought to know the Commodities delivered and received, the present Va∣lue of both the quality, viz. whether lasting or pe∣rishable; the property, viz. whether of Natural growth, or Artificial; and lastly, the quantity, viz. whether plentiful•• or scarce, and in few Lands.

In the second sort, the same things are necessary, and also a knowledge how the things are bought and sold, whether by weight, as ponderous Goods; by con∣cave or long measures, as Commodities of length; or such as are Solid or Liquid. A knowledge of Weights and Measures of the Fineness, Goodness, and Currant Value of Money, &c. A Merchant is to know what to Bargain for, how to Bargain, when to Bargain, and with whom, which comprehends the knowledge of the Commodity, Weights and Measures, proper Seasons, and credit of the Party Bargained with.

In the third sort there is necessary, a knowledge of the Fineness, Goodness, and Currant Value, of the Princes Coin, where the Remitter and Party Receiv∣ing abide,—a knowledge of the Currant Rate of Exchanging, of the Par, or Value for Value, both according to the Standard of the Country, and ac∣cording to the Valuation of the Currant Coin there passable. Then of the Usance of the Place,—and a knowledge of the Drawer and Receiver.—As also the due Manner, and Form of making of all Legal In∣timations, Protests, and other such needful Instru∣ments, Circumstances and Observations, as are requi∣site upon Default of Payment, according to the strict and Solemn Rules required in a Bill of Exchange. These General Heads are not to instruct Merchants, but to give a kind of a view of this Noble Calling to others that are strangers to it.

More particularly in this Famous City, is a great Number of Merchants, who for Wealth, for Stately Houses within the City in Winter; and without, in Summer, for rich Furniture, plentiful Tables, Honora∣ble living, for great Estates in Money and Land, excel some Princes in some of our Neighbour Nations. A great many of whom have frequently born the Dig∣nity of the Chief Magistracy in the City, and have been Bountiful and very Liberal Benefactors to the Publick, and other Pious Uses.

The Merchants of London have been by divers Princes of this Kingdom Incorporated into So∣cieties and Companies, to incourage their En∣deavours, and in reward of the Discoveries of the Trade of those Countries, whereof they take their Name, they have Power and Immunities, granted them, do make Acts and Orders for the Benefit of Commerce in General, and of their Companies in particular.

[illustration]

The Antientest of these, cal∣led the Company of Merchant Adventurers, have had their Original and Continuance since Edward the First, Grounded at first upon the Exportation of Wo••ll only, as the Prime and Staple Commodity of En∣gland; but now upon Cloath∣ing, into which the Wooll is converted: that King Removed the Staple out of Flanders, and allured over some Flemings which taught the English to make Cloth, so that they are now the best Clothiers or Cloth-Workers in the World,—And to Encourage them, he Enacted in the twenty seventh of His Reign, by Statute, that it should be Felony to Transport Wools unwrought. This Staple was afterwards Removed to Callais, to Inrich it; afterwards to Antwerp, Middleborough, Stoad, Delph, Rotterd••m, and Hamborough.—It now includes all Drapery, and is Govern'd be∣yond Sea by a Deputy and certain Assistants, and in England by a Governour, Deputy, and certain Assi∣stants. Stow says, that the Company of Merchants called the Staple, were Incorporated by Edward III. But the Merchant Adventurers by Edward IV.

[illustration]

The Company of Merchants of Levant, termed Turky Mer∣chants, were Incorporated by Queen Elizabeth, and had their Charter Confirmed and Enlarg∣ed by King James. They first made discoveries into the Traf∣fick of the Seigniory of Venice, and the Dominions of the great Turk, having then the priviledges of the East-Indi∣an Traffick,—the Navigation to us then unknown by Sea, but the Portugals knew it.

[illustration]

Now there is a Great and Eminent Company, that Man∣age the East-India Trade, and by themselves Incorporated, in Queen Elizabeths time, Anno 1600. Imploying a Joynt Stock, they have a Great Capital, or House, called the East-India-House; by the said Trade and Stock they have Built many Warlike Ships, and brought all those Indian Commodities to our homes, which before were brought to us by other Nations; both which Companies, (viz. the Levant and East-India,) now supply our Land, and by their second Transportation many other Countries, with those rich Merchandizes which Veneria, Turky, Arabia, Persia, China, and India yeild; these have their respective Governors, to which are joyned certain Commission∣ers and Assistants.

The Company of Merchants of Russia were Incor∣porated by King Edward VI and their Charter Con∣firmed and Enlarged by Queen Elizabeth. As also the Company of Merchants of Ebbing, the Eastland Company,—the Green-Land Company,—the Spa∣nish Company,—the French Company of New Ad∣venturers,— the Company of French 〈◊〉〈◊〉.—

There is also the Merchants of Virginia, Bermudas or Summer Islands, the Affirican or Guiney Company, &c.

These Companies, besides others not at all Incor∣porated, being encouraged by sundry Priviledges, Go∣vern themselves by setled Acts and Orders, under cer∣tain chosen Governors, Deputies, and a Selected Number of Assistants, which have been found to be so profitable to these Kingdoms, by Exporting the Na∣tive Commodities thereof, by setting the Poor on Work, by Building of many brave Ships, and by Im∣porting hither of sundry Necessaries, both for Use and Ornament, that the Benefit thereof cannot here be cer∣tainly expressed. But for a taste, I shall Transcribe one Instance from Mr. Lewis Roberts in his Map of Com∣merce, Written near Fifty Years ago, about the Levant Company in particular. It was found (says he, p. 295.) that in our last Voyage to Cales, and to the Isle of Rhee, they were the owners of Twenty great Sail of Ships, that served in both those Voyages, and it is probable that they are owners of Thirty Sail more, which one with the other, may contain 12 or 13000 Tuns of Burthen, 1200 Guns at least, and about 4 or 5000 Sa••lers Yearly, besides Porters, Weighers, Bargemen, Lightermen, Carmen, which cannot be less than 2 or 3000 more, and they pay above 50000 l. Yearly Cu∣stoms to the King, partly by Exportation of Cloth, Tin, and other Goods, and partly Importation of Silks, Cottons, Galls, Grograms, Spices, Drugs, Currans, and other Levantine Commodities. Which shews the great Benefit of a well Govern'd Trade. And we may well Estimate, if it was so then, that 'tis much greater now, and that the Benefit of these, and the other Estinent Societies, to this City and Kingdom, is mighty considerable.

••. Of the Trade of London into the Country.

OF this we need say no more, but what is expressed already, it being so Universally known to the whole Land; The Londoners using to supply all the Trading places of the Kingdom, especially on great Fairs, to which they resort in great Numbers, and af∣ford their Goods at the best hand; to their own and their Countries great Benefit; and in Requital, the Adjacent Counties supply the City with all manner of Necessaries for Food, Hay, Fuel, &c. insomuch that Strangers have admired at the Prodigious plenty of all Sorts that are to be seen in the Great and well Furnish∣ed Markets of Leaden-Hall, Stocks, Milk-shreet, Newgate, Clare, South-hampton, St. Albans, Westmin∣ster, Hungerford and Brooks, with several others; so that here is a perpetual Mart, where any sort of Goods may be Purchased at a Convenient and Rea∣sonable Rate. Nor is there any Place in the King∣dom where Poor People (or such as would be very Frugal) may live Cheaper; or the Splendid Liver, Gallanter, &c.

The Laws of the Market. Stow. p. 664.

1. IN all the Markets of this City, no Victual shall be Sold, but by the Price set by the Mayor of this City.

2. No Man shall Forestall any Victual coming to the Market; as for to Buy in any Inn or other prlvy place, or yet coming to the Market, whether it be found in the Hands of the Buyer, or of the Sel∣ler, under pain of Forfeiture of the same: And no Inn-holder shall suffer any thing to be Sold in his House, upon pain of Forfeiture of Forty Shillings.

3. No man shall regrate any Victuals which is in the Market, or buy any Victual to ingrate in the Market, so that the Commons can or may have any part of such Victual, as in especial such as be known for Hucksters, or other people occupying their Li∣ving by such Victual as they would so ingress, under pain of forfeiture of such Victuals so regrated: Pro∣vided always, that any Steward for any Noble Feast, may buy or ingrate such Victual as is convenient for the same Feast.

4. No Butter shall be sold but according to the Weight, for the time of the year allowed.

5. No Po••lt••rers shall deceiveably occupy the Market, to sell any stale Victual, or such as be Poul∣terers of this City, for to stand in strange Cloathing so to do, under pain of forty shillings, and the for∣feiture of such Victual, forty shillings.

6. No Hucksters shall stand or sit in the Market, but in the lower place, and the ends of the Market, to the intent they may be perfectly known, and the stranger-market-people have the preheminence of the Market, under pain of three shillings four pence, if the Hucksters disobey the same.

7. No unwholesom or stale Victual shall be sold under pain of forty shillings, and forfeiture of the same Victuals.

Of the Foreign-Trade of London.

4. AS to the Trade of London into Foreign Parts, we have almost prevented our self by what is delivered before; we shall therefore only add, that England abounding with many rich and useful native Commodities, as Woollen-Cloaths of all sorts, Broad and Narrow, called by several Names in several Shires, also Perpetuances, Bays, Says, Serges, Cot∣tons, Kersies, Buffins, Mocadoes, Grogams, Sattins,

Tabbys, Calimancaes, Camlets, Velvets, Plushes, Worsteds, Fustians, Durances, Tukes, Crapes, Flan∣nels, and infinite others.—Furrs and Skins, as Coney-skins, Squirrel-skins, Fitches, Calf-skins, Hides, &c.

Mines, as Tin, Lead, Allom, Copper, Iron of all sorts, Sea-Cole, Salt, &c.

All manner of Grain, as Oats, Pease, Bar••••y, Rye, and Wheat in great plenty, &c. Also Linnen-Cloath, Fl••x, Hemp, &c. All Iron Wares, Tallou••, Leather, Glasses of all sorts, and Glass; Venice Gold and Silver, Train-Oyl, Salmons, Pilchards, Herrings, H••ke, Conger, Haberdine, Cod, Ling, Hops, Wood, Butter, Cheese, Beer, Cyder, Salt-Peter, Gunpowder, Honey, Wax, Alabaster, and other Stones, Woolls, Woolfells, Yarn, Fullers-Earth, Saffron, Liquoris, &c. and many other good and rich Commodities, too tedious to be enumerated; the Merchants of London do yearly export great Quanties of such of these Goods, as are not prohibited, to Foreign Mar∣kets, and make good Returns, and bring to supply the Kingdom, a great deal of Treasure and rich Commodities from all parts of the World, to the enriching of themselves, unspeakable benefit of the Nation, and credit of the English in general, who are generally as fair Dealers as any in the World, and of as active and undertaking Souls; and the Principal Seat or Emporium of this great Trade, is the great and famous City of London.

Of the Corporations of London.

5. THe other Traders in London are divided in∣to Companies or Corporations; who are as so many Bodies Politique. Of these there are Twelve called the Chief Companies, and he that is chosen Lord Mayor, must be free of one of these Companies, which are

1. Mercers, 2. Grocers, 3. Drapers, 4. Fishmen∣gers. 5. Goldsmiths, 6. Skinners, 7. Merchant-Tay∣lors, 8. Haberdashers, 9. Salters, 10. Ironmongers, 11. Vintners, 12 Clothworkers.

And if it happen that the Lord Mayor Elect, is of any other Company, he presently removes to one of the Twelve. All these Companies have Assem∣bly-places, called Halls, which are so many Basilikes, or stately and sumptuous Palaces, worthy to be view'd by all Strangers. It hath been the Custom of our Kings to honour some of these Companies by taking their Freedom thereof; and the present King was pleased to be made Free of the Company of Grocers, and the present Prince of Orange was not long ago made free of the Company of Drapers.

Each Company or Mystery hath a Master annually chosen, from among themselves, and other subor∣dinate Governours called Wardens, or Assistants. These do exactly correspond with the general Go∣vernment of the City, by a Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common-Councel; who are selected out of these several Companies, so excellent a harmony there is in this Government.

Of the Twelve Chief Companies out of which the Lord Mayor is to be annually Chosen.

1. MERCERS.

[illustration]

The Mercers have been always allowed the first place, who were Incorporated into a Society 17 R. 2. Anno 1393. For their Arms, they bear Gules, a Maiden-head proper crown'd, Or, Wascot pur∣ple, issuing out of Clouds proper, within a Bordure Nebulee, Or.

2. GROCERS.

[illustration]

The Grocers were at first call'd Pepperers, and Incorporated by the name of Grocers, Anno 1345. 20 E. 3. They bear a Chevron, nine Cloves Sable, with this Mot∣to, God grant Grace; Suppor∣ters Helm and Crest, granted by Clarencieux, in the Reign of H. 8. Anno 1562.

3. DRAPERS.

[illustration]

The Drapers were Incorpora∣ted, 17 H. 6. An. 1430. The Arms first granted by Garter; Crest and Supporters by Clarencieux. The Coat Gules, three Triple Crowns, Or, Capt Gules issuing out of Clouds resting upon Sun∣beams; their Motto, Ʋnto God only be Honour and Glory.

4. FISH MONGERS.

[illustration]

The Fishmongers were at first two Companies, to wit, Stock-Fish∣mongers, and Salt-Fishmongers; but 28 H. 8. They were imbodi∣ed into one Company; Their Arms Azure, three Dolphins in pale paper crown'd, Or, betwixt four lives Salterways Argent, all crown'd Or, on a Chief Gules, three Cross-keys Salterways Argent, the Motto, All Wor∣ship be to God only.

5. GOLDSMITHS.

[illustration]

The Goldsmiths were Incorpo∣rated 16 R. 2. Their Arms quarter∣ly Gules and Azure, two Leopards heads, Or, two Golden Cups co∣vered 'twixt two Buckles Or, the Motto, To God only be all Glory.

6. SKINNERS.

[illustration]

The Skinners were Incorpora∣ted 1 E. 3. Anno 1327. and made a perfect Fraternity, 18 R. 2. Their Arms Ermin on a Chief, Gules, three Ducal Crowns, Or, sin'd of the first, their Motto the the same with the Goldsmiths, To God only be all Glory.

7. MERCHANT-TAYLORS.

[illustration]

The first Patent of these Arms were granted by Clarencieux, to the Company of Taylors and Lin∣nen Armourers, 21 E. 4. 1480. And Incorporated 17 H. 7. 1501. by the name of Merchant-Taylors. Their Arms Argent a Tent, two Robes Gules on a Chief Azure, a Lyon passant, regardant, Or; the Motto, Concordia parvae res crescunt.

8. HABERDASHERS.

[illustration]

The Haberdashers, called of old Hurrers, were Incorporated a So∣ciety of St. Katharines 26 H. 6. Anno 1447. Confirmed 17 H. 7. by the name of Merchant-Haber∣dashers. Their Coat Nebulee Ar∣gent and Azure, on a Bend Gules, a Lyon passant, regardant, Or; the Crest and Supporters, grant∣ed by Clarencieux, Anno 1571. The Motto, Serve and Obey.

9. SALTERS.

[illustration]

The Salters had the Arms of •• Society given them, 22 H. 8. Anno 1530. the Crest and Supporters by •• Clarencieux, 29 Eliz. Anno 1587. The Coat party per Chevron, A∣zure and Gules, three Salts covered, over-flowing, Argent, with this Motto, Sal sapit omnia.

10. IRONMONGERS.

[illustration]

The Iron-mongers were Incor∣porated 3 E. 4. 1462. Their Arms Granted by Lancaster King at Arms, Marshal to Clarencieux, An. 1455. 34 H. 6. Their Coat Ar∣gent on a Chevron, Gules, three Lockets capted, Or, between three Steel Gads, Azure.

11. VINTERS.

[illustration]

The Vintners were Incorpo∣rated by E. 3. by the name of Wine-Tonners, confirmed 15. H. 6. Anno. 1436. Their Arms first Granted by Clarencieux, 6 H. 6. 1427. They bear Sable a Chev∣ron, between three Tunns Ar∣gent.

12. CLOATH-WORKERS.

[illustration]

The Cloath-Workers grew to be a Company, 22 H. 8. Anno 1530. Their Arms then Granted by Cla∣rencieux, Sable a Chevron Ermin in Chief, two Crabbets Argent in base, a Beazel, Or, Supporters and Crest granted by Clareucieux, An∣no 1587.

The other Corporations, besides these Twelve, enjoy large Privileges by the King's Charter, and they have fair Halls to meet in, most of which were consumed in the great Fire, Anno 1666. but they are since rebuilt for the most part in a very state∣ly and magnificent manner: The Hall belonging to the Company of Dyers was a few weeks ago con∣sumed by an unhappy Fire that happen'd near, as were also some Houses in Thames-street.

Of the other Corporations in London.

1. DYERS.

[illustration]

The Dyers were first Incorpo∣rated by a special Charter of H. 6. 16 Feb. in the 49th of his Reign. Their Coat a Chevron Engrail'd between three Woolsacks.

2. BREWERS.

[illustration]

The Brewers were Incorpo∣rated 22d February 6 H. 6. and confirm'd 13 July 2. Eliz. Their Coat is a Chevron Engrailed, Ar∣gent, three Tunns Sable, 'twixt 6 Garbes Salterways, Or.

3. LEATHER-SELLERS.

[illustration]

The Company of Leather-Sel∣lers is ancient, for they were first Incorporated, 6 R. 2. Their Coat is three Bucks trippant regardant Gules.

4. PEWTERERS.

[illustration]

The Pewterers were Incorpo∣rated in the Reign of E. 4. in the 13 of his Reign, Jan. 20. Their Arms Azure, on a Chevron Or, three Roses Gules between.

5. BARBER-CHYRƲRGEONS.

[illustration]

The Barber-Chyrurgeons were Incorporated by Edw. 4. but con∣firmed by every King and Queen since, with enlargments. Their Arms are a Cross quarter'd Gules, a Lyon passant gardant, Or, in the first quarter a Chevron between three. In the second party, per pale Argent and vert, a Rose crown'd with an Imperial Crown, the first as the fourth, the second as the third.

6. ARMOƲRERS.

[illustration]

The Armourers were Incorpo∣rated in the beginning of H. 6. the King himself being pleased to be Free of their Company. Their Arms Argent on a Chevron Gules, a Gantlet between four Swords in Saltire, on a Chief Sable, a Buck∣ler Argent, charg'd with Cross Gules, betwixt 2 Helmets of the first.

7. WHITE-BAKERS.

[illustration]

This Company are of great An∣tiquity; they were a Company 1 E. 2. had a new Charter, 1 H. 7. confirm'd by H. 8. E. 6. Queen Ma. Queen Eliz. and King James. Their Arms Gules three Garbs, Or, on a Chief, an arm issuing out of the Clouds proper, holding a pair of Scales, Or, between three Anchors of the first.

8. WAX-CHANDLERS.

[illustration]

These are also of ancient stand∣ing, and much used in times of Popery; they became Incorpora∣ted, Anno 1484. 2 R. 3. Their Arms Azure on a Chevron be∣tween three Lamps Argent, three Roses Gules.

9. TALLOW-CHANDLERS.

[illustration]

This is a Society of great An∣tiquity, first formally Incorpora∣••ed 2 E. 4. Their Arms a Pale counterchang'd Argent, and A¦zure between th••ee Doves Argent volant, with O••ve branches vert▪

10. CƲTLERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated beginning H. 5. Their Arms six Swords Salter∣ways proper.

11. GIRDLERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 6th August, 27 H. 6. yet very ancient. Their Arms Azure, Or, and a pale be∣tween three Gridirons Azure.

12. BƲTCHERS.

[illustration]

This Company came not to be Incorporated till the third of King James, then they were made a Corporation by the Name of Ma∣ster, Wardens and Commonalty of the Art and Mystery of But∣chers, yet the Fraternity•• is anci∣ent; their Arms Azure, two Axes Salterways Argent, between two Roses Argent, as many Bulls heads Cowped of the second attir'd, Or, a Bores head Gules, 'twixt two Garbs vert.

13. SADLERS.

[illustration]

This Company is very ancient, as shewing their beginning in the times of E. 1. have continued in their Livery, and given Livery ••ear 400 years; what the said King and R. 2. H. 4. E. 2. E. 3. H. 5. H. 6. E. 4. R. 3. H. 7. H. 8. E. 6. gave, King James confirm'd. Their Arms a Chevron, between three Saddles, Or.

14. CARPENTERS.

[illustration]

This Ancient Company were Incorporated by Letters Pa∣tents of Edw. 4. in his 17th year, the 7th of July, by the Name of the Master, Warden, and Com∣monalty of the Mystery of Free∣men of the Carpentry of the City of London. Their Arms Azure, a Chevron engrailed between three Compasses Argent.

15. CORDWAINERS.

[illustration]

This Company of Shoomakers, called Cordwainers of old, were Incorporated 17. H. 6. and con∣firmed by all Kings since. Their Arms Azure a Chevron Or, be∣tween three Goats heads, erased Argent, attir'd Or.

16. PAINTERS.

[illustration]

This Company having the Ad∣dition of Painters-Stainers are of high Antiquity, yet not Incorpo∣rated till Anno 1580. 23 of Qu. Eliz.

17. CƲRRIERS.

[illustration]

These are also Ancient, but Incorporated, 12 June, 3 Jaco∣bi. Their Arms Azure, a Cross ingrailed, Or, between four Saws Salterways Argent.

18. MASONS.

[illustration]

The Company of Masons, cal∣led Free-Masons, were a loving Brotherhood for many Ages, yet not regulated into a Society till 12 H. 4. Their Arms Sable, on a Chevron between three Castles Argent, a pair of Compasses of the first.

19. PLƲMMERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 9 Jacobi, yet a a very Ancient Fellowship,

20. INHOLDERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 6. H. 8. Their Arms a Chevron quarterly Or. and Gules counterchanged be∣tween three Garbs Or.

21. FOƲNDERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 18th Sept. 12 Jacobi; Their Coat, Gules, a Spoon-pot 'twixt two Candle∣sticks, Or.

22. EMBROIDERERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 4th Eliz. Their Arms Barry of 8 Argent, and Azure on a Fesse, Or, a Cup Argent, between as many Ly∣ons passant regardant.

23. POƲLTERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 19 H. 7. Their Arms are three Swans of the first, as many Herons of the second.

24. COOKS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 12 E. 4. Their Arms a Chevron Sable, between three Burray branches proper.

25. COOPERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 16 H. 7. by the name of Master, Wardens, or Keepers of the Commonalty of the Freemen of the Mystery of Coop∣ers in London, and the Suburbs of the same City; Their Arms party per pale Gules, and Or, a Chevron between three Hoops in a Chief Azure.

26. TYLERS and BRICK-LAYERS,

[illustration]

Though very ancient, yet not Incorporated till the 10th of Qu. Eliz. Their Arms Azure, a Chev∣ron, a Flower-de-luce, Or, in Chief, 'twixt two Gads of Steel of the second.

27. BOWYERS.

[illustration]

This Company though of great Antiquity and Honour to the English Nation; yet their Incor∣poration was but 21 of K. James. Their Arms Sable on a Chief, three Mullets on the first, be∣tween three Saws of the first.

28. FLETCHERS.

[illustration]

These are also a Corporation; Their Arms Sable, a Chevron Or, between three Arrows Ar∣gent.

29. BLACK-SMITHS.

[illustration]

A very ancient Fraternity, In∣corporated 20th of Eliz. Their Arms Sable, a Chevron between three Hammers crowned Or.

30. JOYNERS.

[illustration]

Joyners, or Seelers, were In∣corporated by Qu. Eliz. in her 13th Year: Their Arms Gules, a Chevron, 'twixt two Compas∣ses, and a Globe Argent, on a Chief pale Gules, charged with an Escalop, Or, between two Roses of the first.

31. PLAISTERERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated in the Reign of H. 7. Their Arms Azure, an Eschutcheon, Or, a Rose between two Flower-de-luces Gules, two Hammers and a Brush Argent.

32. WEAVERS.

[illustration]

The Company of Weavers were of very ancient Note, as having three several Societies of themselves, viz. the Woollen-Weavers, the Arras-Weavers, and the Linnen-Weavers. Their Arms Azure, three Leopards heads, with three Shuttles in their Mouths, Argent, on a Chev∣ron Gules, Or between.

33. FRƲITERERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 3 Jacobi; Their Arms Argent, the Tree of Para∣dise between Adam and Eve pro∣per.

34. SCRIVENERS.

[illustration]

An ancient Society Incorpo∣rated 28 Jan. 14 Jacobi: Their Arms an Eagle volant, holding in his Mouth a Penner and Ink∣horn.

35. BOTTLE-MAKERS and HORNERS.

[illustration]

As for these, the precedent times have remembred them to be of Antiquity, and two Di∣stinct Companies combined in one: But I find (saith Stow, page 638.) no Record that they were at any time Incorporated.

36. STATIONERS.

[illustration]

This Company was of great Antiquity before Printing was invented: Their old Dwelling was in Pater-Noster-Row, and the parts adjoyning, yet not In∣corporated till 3 Ph. and Mary▪ Their Arms Argent, on a Chev∣ron between three Bibles Or, a Falcon volant between two Ro∣ses, the Holy Ghost in Chief.

37. MARBLERS.

[illustration]

The Company call'd the Mar∣blers, or Sculpters, are in one Fraternity with the Masons, yet they have a different Coat, viz. a Chevron between two, and a Mallet Argent.

38. WOOL-PACKERS.

[illustration]

There was a Company of Wool-packers in the time of the Hans, when the Staple of Wool flourished, their Coat Azure, a Wool-sack Argent.

39. FARRIERS.

[illustration]

Had their rise from Henry de Ferraris, a Norman, who was Master of the Horse to the Con∣queror, who gave him the ho∣nour of Tutbury, the first pre∣ferment of the Ferrars. Their Arms three Horse-shoos Azure.

40. PAVIOƲRS.

[illustration]

This is an ancient Company, their Coat Argent, a Chevron between three Rummers Sable.

41. LORINORS.

[illustration]

Their Arms are Gules on a Chevron Argent, three Horse-Combs 'twixt three Roses Ar∣gent.

42. BROWN-BAKERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 19 Jacobi; their Arms Gules, a hand issuing out of the Clouds a chief Barry wa∣vie, Or and Azure, on a Chev∣ron Gules.

43. WOOD-MONGERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 3 Jacobi. Their Coat Argent, a Chevron 'twixt three Faggots Sable.

44. ƲPHOLSTERS, or ƲPHOLDERS.

[illustration]

Their Arms Sable, three Tents Gules on a Chevron Or, three Tents of the second.

45. TƲRNERS.

[illustration]

Incorporated 2 Jacobi. Their Coat Azure, a Katharine-wheel Argent.

46. GLAZIERS.

[illustration]

Their Arms two Crosiers Sal∣terways Sable, four Sprigs on a Chief Gules, a Lyon passant Gar∣dant, Or.

47. CLARKS.

[illustration]

The Company of Clarks, called Parish-Clarks, is ancient, and stand Register'd in the Books of Guild-Hall. They were incorporated 17 H. 3. Their Arms Azure, a Flower-de-luce, Or, on a Chief Gules, a Leopards head 'twixt two Books, Or.

48. WATER-MEN

[illustration]

Have for their Arms barry waive of six, Azure, and Ar∣gent, a Lighter proper on a chief Gules, a pair of Oars Sal∣terways, 'twixt two Cushions, Or.

49. APOTHECARYES.

[illustration]

This Company having separated themselves from the ancient Socie∣ty of the Grocers, grew so much in favour with King James, that he used to call them his Compa∣ny; and therefore gave them a Charter of Incorporation the 15th of his Reign. Amongst many wor∣thy Members of this Company, I may not forget Dr. Gideon De Laune, Apothecary to

King James, a man noted for many singularities in his time, a great Benefactor to to the Publick, and particularly to the Foundation of the Apothecaries-Hall in Black-Fryars, where his Statue, in white Marble, is to be seen to this day. And to whom I have the honour to be nearly related, which is not the Reason that I mention him, but to perpetuate his Memory as well as others, as his due desert; he liv'd piously to the age of 97 years, and worth (notwithstanding his many acts of publick and pri∣vate piety,) near as many thousand pounds as he was years, having 37 Children by one Wife, and about 60 Grand-children at his Funeral. His famous Pill is in great request to this day, notwithstanding the Swarms of pretenders to Universal Pill-making. This little digression, I hope, will not be offensive.

50. SILK-THROWERS.

This Company was made a Fellowship of this Ci∣ty, 19 Jacobi; and Incorporated by the name of the Master, Wardens, Assistants, and Commonalty of the Trade or Mystery of Silk-throwers of the Ci∣ty of London, 13 April, 5 Car. 1.

Besides these there are several other Societies, of which more hereafter.

These Corporations, or Bodies-Politick, have all their stately spacious Halls (as was said) with Clerks and other Ministerial Officers, to attend them when they meet to consult about the regulation of their re∣spective Societies, and for promoting publick Good, and advancement of Trade and Wealth, as also when they meet at their sumptuous and splendid Feasts. And in this London surpasseth all other Cities.

The Arms of LONDON

[illustration]

To conclude our Heraldry, the Arms of this Illu∣strious City shall bring up the Rear, as well as it has been placed in the Front. It is Argent, Cross Gules, with the Sword of St. Paul, not Sir William Wallworth's Dagger, as some have conceited; for this Coat did belong to the City before the said Sir William Walworth, Lord Mayor, slew the Rebel Wat Tyler, as learned Antiquaries Affirm.

The Oath of a Freeman.

YE shall Swear that ye shall be good and true to our Soveraign Lord King Charles the

Second, and to the Heirs of our said Soveraign Lord the King. Obeysant and Obedient ye shall be to the Mayor and Ministers of this City, the Franchises and Customs thereof, ye shall maintain, and this City keep harmless in that which in you is. Ye shall be contributary to all manner of charges within this City, as Summons, Watches, Contri∣butions, Taxes, Tallages, Lot and Scot, and to all charges, bearing your part as a Freeman ought to do. Ye shall colour no Forreigners Goods, under, or in your Name, whereby the King or this City might or may lose their customs or ad∣vantages. Ye shall know no Foreigner to buy or sell any Merchandize with any Foreigner with∣in this City or Franchise thereof, but ye shall warn the Chamberlain thereof, or some Minister of the Chamber. Ye shall implead or sue no Freeman out of this City, whiles ye may have Right and Law within the same City. Ye shall take none Apprentice, but if he be Free-born (that is to say) no Bondmands Son, nor the Son of any Alien, and for no less term than for seven Years, with∣out fraud or deceit: and within the first Year ye shall cause him to be inrolled, or else pay such Fine as shall be reasonably imposed upon you for omitting the same: And after his terms end, within convenient time (being required) ye shall make him Free of this City, if he have well and truly served you. Ye shall also keep the King's Peace in your own person. Ye shall know no Gatherings, Conventicles, or Conspiracies made against the Kings Peace, but ye shall warn the Mayor thereof, or let it to your power. All these points and Articles ye shall well and truly keep according to the Laws and Customs of this City to your power, so God you help, &c.

Of the Guild-Hall.

PAge 160. The Reader was referred to what should be spoken about the great Guild-Hall, to the Chapter of Government, where an account has been given of the several Courts there, therefore there is no need of further addition here as to that, only we shall briefly remark its Antiquity.

Fabian says, that this Hall was begun to be built New, Anno 1411. 12 H. 4. By Sir Thomas Knolles then Lord Mayor, and his Brethren the Aldermen, and made a large and great House. 1 H. 6. The Exe∣cutors of Sir Richard Whittington gave towards the paving of this great Hall, 20 l. and next year 15 l. more, to the said pavement with hard stone of Pur∣beck; they also Glazed the Windows thereof, and of the Lord Mayors Court, on every of which the Arms of Sir Richard Whittington were placed. The Foundation of the Mayors Court was laid 3. H. 6. and of the Porch on the South-side of the Court; Then were built the Lord Mayors Chamber, the Councel-Chamber, and other Rooms above stairs. The New Councel-Chamber (a very good and ho∣nourable Deed) with a fair Room over it, ap∣pointed for a Treasury for the Books and Records of the City, and another Room underneath for necessary use and Employment, was begun, Anno 1614. and finished Michaelmas 1615. at the charge of 1740 l. which was well well bestowed. The Kitchins, &c. were built about Anno 1501. for accommodation of the Lord Mayors Feast, by means of Sir John Shaa, Goldsmith, Lord Mayor, who kept the first Lord Mayors Feast there, which were wont to be kept before in Merchant-Taylors, or Grocers-Hall, &c. The adjoyning Chappel or College of Mary Magdalen, and All-Saints, was called London-Col∣lege,

built, Anno 1299. which had a Custos, seven Chaplains, three Clerks, and four Quiristers. Ad∣joying to this Chappel was a fair and large Library, pertaining to the Guild-Hall and College; but the Books (to the quantity of three-score Cart∣loads* 1.1) in Edw. 6. time were sent for by Edw. Duke of Somerset, with promise to restore them, but they were never re∣turn'd. The Library was built by the Executors of Sir Richard Whittington aforesaid; and by W. Bury.

This great Guild-Hall was destroyed by the great Fire, 1666, but very Magnificently rebuilt; In the great Hall, on the East-end, it is very Richly hung with the lively Effigies of His Majesty and the Duke of York, and round about on all sides, it is adorn'd with the costly and lively Pictures of the great Mi∣nisters of State, and Judges of the Land. There are many large and spacious Courts and Offices, where the Respective Affairs of the City are managed as before in the Section of the Civil-Government of London.

Of Blackwell-Hall.

THis place was purchased by the Lord Mayor and Commonalty, for 50 l. 20. R. 2. and employed as a Weekly Market-place for all sorts of Woollen-Cloaths, broad and narrow, brought from all parts of the Kingdom there to be sold. 21 R. 2. It was Decreed, that no Foreigner or Stranger should sell any Woollen-Cloath, but in Blackwell-Hall, upon pain of forfeiture thereof. It was Rebuilt, being decayed, Anno 1558. at the charge of 2500 l. to which Richard May, Merchant-Taylor, gave 300 l. at his Decease.

It was destroyed by the great Fire, 1666, but re∣built in a very capacious manner, and is the great∣est Market and Store-house for all sorts of Woollen-Cloath, &c.

Of Leaden-Hall.

ANno 1411. This Hall was confirm'd unto the City by Sir Richard Whittington, and others, who purchased it. Anno 1443. 21 H. 6. Sir John Hatherly, Lord Mayor, purchased License of the King to take up 200 fodder of Lead, for the build∣ing of Water-Conduits, a Common Granary, and the Cross in Cheap-side, more beautifully for the ho∣nour of the City. This Granary was built by the honourable and famous Merchant, Simon Eyre, (the words of the Grant be, Cum Nobilis & potens, vir, &c. Whereas the Noble and powerful man, &c.) sometime an Ʋpholsterer, and then a Draper, Anno 1419. He built it of square Stone, as it now shew∣eth, having escaped the fury of the great Fire, with a fair and large Chappel on the East-side of the Quadrant, over the Porch he caused to be Written, Dextra Domini exaltavit me; The Lords Right hand exalted me. Within the Chappel was written, Honorandus & famosus Mercator Simon Eyre, hu∣jus operis, &c. In English thus, The honourable and famous Merchant Simon Eyre Founder of this Work, once Mayor of this City, Citizen and Draper of the same, Departed out of this Life 18 Sept. 1459. 38 H. 6. He was buried in the Church of St. Mary Wolnoth, in Lumbard-street. He gave very many large and bountiful Legacies, to be read in Stow, page 163.

This Hall was Burnt, Anno 1484. but Rebuilt again in a very stately and capacious manner. There were kept the Artillery, Guns, and other Armour

of the City.—The Store of Timber for the neces∣sary reparations of the Tenements belonging to the Chamber of London. It was a Free Market for Vi∣ctuallers. There were the Common Beams for weighing of Wools and other Wares, the Scales to weigh Meal, there were made the Pageants for the Midsummer-Watches. In other parts Woolsacks were stowed. Abovestairs the Painters workt upon the Pageants, the Residue were let to Merchants, &c. Now there is kept the greatest Flesh-Market about the City; And a great Magazine of Corn.

In speaking of Halls it may not be impertinent to remember the Right honourable Baptist Lord Hicks, Viscount Cambden, who besides many noble and charitable acts of Piety in King James his time, re∣corded by Stow, p. 760, 761. built the Sessions-House for the Justices of Middlesex, in St. Johns-street, at the charge of 600 l. called after his Name Hicks's-Hall, which was a great convenience, they sitting before in a common Inn, called the Castle.

As for the particular Halls of Companies, we have spoke of them Generally before, which is all that appears at present necessary.

SECT. 7.

Of the Custom-House.

THe House where this great Office was kept a little below Billingsgate, was destroyed by the great Fire, but is Rebuilt in a much more magnifi∣cent uniform, and commodious manner by the King, which hath cost His Majesty 10000 l.

Here is received and managed all the Impositi∣ons laid on Merchandize Imported or Exported from this City, which are so considerable, that of

all the Customs of England, (which amount to about 600000 l. a year) divided into three parts, the Port of London pays two thirds, that is about 400000 l. per annum. A great Number of Officers are here Employ'd, whereof divers are of considerable quality and ability.

There are at present Five Commissioners, who have the charge and oversight of all His Majestics Customs in all Ports of England, Viz.

• Sir Richard Temple, Bar.
• Sir George Downing, Kt.
• Charles Cheney, Esq
• Francis Millington, Esq
• John Ʋpton, Esq
  • The Sallaries to each of these is 1200 l. a Year, they have many Deputies or Waiters in the Port of London, and also in all the Out-Ports.

Then there are Customers, Collectors, Comptrol∣lers, Surveyors, Searchers, Waiters, &c.

Sir John Shaw Collector Inwards (and for the Act of Navigation, Fee 966. l. 13. s. 4. d.)

Sir Nicholas Crisp Collector Outwards, Sallary 276 l.

Alderman Edward Backwell Comptroller, Salla∣ry, 255 l.

George Nicholas Esq Surveyor-General, Salla∣ry 500 l.

The Searchers Office is managed by a Chief, and five Under-Searchers, Clerks, &c.

Since the happy Restoration of His Majesty, there has been in all Eleven Persons Under-Searchers in that Office, viz.

• Six who have all (ex∣cept one) disposed of their place by His Maje∣sties grace and favours.
  • Mr.
    • Daniel Colwall.
    • Rob. Forster.
    • Leonard Scot.
    • Will. Dockwra.
    • Tho. Hampson.
    • John Seymour, Esq
• The Five Under∣searchers now in Pos∣session, are
  • Mr.
    • Tho. Burton.
    • John Evans.
    • Richard Goodlad.
    • Charles Beauvoir.
    • Richard Pierce.

The Chief Searcher has 120 l. per annum.

The Undersearchers have each 12 l.

And sundry Fees settled upon them by Authori∣ty of Parliament, which are paid them by Masters of Ships, and Merchants, &c. Having always been Of∣ficers remarkable for their Industry and great Inte∣grity, who have a continual attendance incumbent on them from Morning to Night, and who discharge the Duty of their Places with a very clear Reputa∣tion; And Maugre all the Malice and Envy that has many times been making attempts upon them, their honesty has (verified the Proverb) proved the best Policy to defend them from all their open and secret Enemies.

There is also Five Deputy Searchers under the Commissioners or Farmers for the time being, who do assist the Five Undersearchers, in Shipping goods, and doing other business by Bills and Copies of the Original Warrants, which are by Law directed to the King's Searchers. These Deputies, because there is no Fee due to them, have 80 l. per annum Sal∣lary, but are no Patent Officers.

• Surveyors,

• Mr.

• Daniel Ford.
• Thomas Fownes.
• Tho. Cooke.
• Hew. Cheely.

• Sallary 150 l. per annum.

• Six Tyde Surveyors,

• Mr.

• Simon Tomlins.
• —Jones.
• —Tombes.
• Steph. Chusman
• Edm. Clark.
• —Sumpter.

• Sallary 80 l. per annum.

19 Kings-Waters, Sallary to each 80 l.

40 Land-Waiters, Sallary to each 80 l.

80 Tyde-Waiters in Fee, 5 l. per annum, and 2 s. 6 d. per Day.

50 Ditto Extraordinary, no Sallary, 2 s. 6 d. per Day.

There are many other Officers, as Richard Kent Esq Receiver-General of the Revenue of the Cu∣stoms; Giles Lidcot Esq Accomptant-General; there is a Customer of Cloath, and petty Customs, Fee 277 l. Two Customers of the great Customs, Sallary 50 l. Comptroller of the Cloath and petty Customs, Fee 30 l. Register of the Seizures, Salla∣ry 106 l. Surveyor of the Out-Ports, Sallary 250 l. A Secretary, Ware-house-keeper, Surveyor of the Ware-house, &c. Besides there are several persons Commissioned to Seize Goods uncustomed, either inward or outward Bound; There are also Noon∣tenders, Watchmen, and several inferiour Officers.

Note that the due perquisites belonging to these Officers are very considerable, and to some are much more than their Respective Sallaries.

Of Docks.

THese Docks or Harbours are cut into the Land without further Current, and are useful for the convenient lying of Vessels, Hoys, Lighters, Barges, Boats, &c. in order to the convenient Delivery of Provision, as Victual, Fuel, &c. to the adjacent In∣habitants. They are in number very many.—Some of the chief are, Scotland-Dock, adjoyning to White-Hall. —White-Fryars-Dock: Puddle-Dock, at the West-end of Thames-street.—Queen-Hith-Dock, a place of much Trade for ground Corn, or Meal, which is brought out of the West Country thither in great Quantities; Billingsgate-Dock, a place of great Trade, and where ships of considerable Bur∣then may Harbour.—Sabbs-Dock, Tower-Dock, St. Katharines-Dock,—Hermitage-Dock,—Execution-Dock, which though it be of later years, fitted up re∣tains to this day the former name which it received, because it was the only place for Executing Pyrats, and Sea-Robberts, which is usually done by Hanging them on a Gibbet erected at Low-water-mark— Limehouse-Dock. And on the South-shore are Clink-Dock, and St. Saviours-Dock—There are besides these, many Docks for private use, as for repairing of Ships and Vessels, which we omit.

Under this head of TRADE, and in this place, it may not be improper to give a Brief Account of the Porters of London, who are not incorporate Com∣panies, but Brotherhoods, whose Original and Go∣vernment are by Acts of Common-Councel.—They are of two sorts.

1. Ticket-Porters, who do take up, weigh, load, and ouse all Merchants Goods, as Cloath, Fruit, Sugars, Oyls, Wines, Mettals, &c. and have to their Governour Sir Thomas Allen: These are very nume∣rous; their Quarteridge is 4 d. each.

2. Fellowship Porters.—To these belong the sho∣ring, or landing, housing, carrying, or recarrying all measurable Goods, as Corn, Salt, Coals, &c. Their chief Governour is the Alderman of Billingsgate Ward, who is at present Sir John Peak. These are in Number about 700 and their Quarterige is 12 d. each.—These and the former have very good Go∣vernment and Orders among themselves, and before any is admitted to that Employ among them, they pay a Fine.—The Ticket-Porters give good secu∣rity for their Honesty and Fidelity, so that no more need be done, but to take notice of his Name, which is s••ampt on his Ticket that hangs at his Girdle, and repairing to their Governor, satisfaction may be had for any wrong or mis-behaviour, &c.

There is a very remarkable Custom among the Fellowship Porters, as an Ingenious person that be∣longs to their Society informed me, which is thus:

The next Sunday after every Midsummer-day, they have a Sermon preached to them, so order'd by an Act of Common-Councel, in the Parish-Church of St. Mary-On-the-Hill, preparative to which, this Order is observed, they furnish the Mer∣chants and their Families about Billings-gate with Noseg••ys or Posies over-night, and in the morning they go from their Common-Hall, or place of Meet∣ing in good Order, each having a Posie or Nose∣gay in his hand; They walk through the middle Isse to the Communion-Table, where are two Basons, and every one offers something to the Relief of the Poor, and towards the Charges of the Day. After they have all past, the Deputy, the Merchants, their Wives, Children, and Servants, do all come in Order from their Seats, and bestow their Offerings also; which is a Ceremony of much variety. I am certainly informed, that the very charges of their Nosegays cost them, in one year, not long ago, near 20 l.

Coal-Market.

AT the head of Billingsgate-Dock is a square Plot of ground compassed with Posts, known by the Name of Roomland, which with the Adja∣cent part of the street hath been the usual place, where the Ship-Masters, Coal-Merchants, Wood∣mongers, Lightermen and Labourers, do meet every Morning, in order to the Buying, Selling, Deliver∣ing and taking up of Sea-Coals and Scotch-Coals, as the principal Market. This Coal-Market was kept on Great Tower-hill in the time of the Cities late De∣solation.

Corn-Market.

UPon Bear-key, between Sabs-Dock and Porters-key, is the usual place or Chief Market for Corn, which is bought and sold there every day, but principally Mondays, Wednesdays and Frydays, which are the Market-days, where great Quantities of all kind of Grain are bought and sold by small Exam∣ples, commonly called Samples, whether it be lying in Granaries or Ships, and, it (viz. Bear-key) is the principal place where the Kentish and Essex Corn-Vessels do lie.

Fish-Market.

THe Fresh Fish-Market is kept at Billings-Gate, Mondays, Wednesdays and Frydays.

Of the Navy-Office, where the whole Busi∣ness concerning the King's Ships of War is managed.

FIrst there is the Treasure of the Navy, his Office is to receive out of the Exchequer, by Warrant from the Lord Treasurer of England, and to pay all Charges of the Navy, by Warrant from the principal Officers of the Navy, for which he had formerly Sallary, 220 l. 13. s. 4 d. besides 3 d. in the pound for all Money paid by him, but hath now an honou∣rable allowance certain from His Majesty in lie•• thereof.

Next the Comptroller of the Navy, whose Office to attend and Controll all payments of Wages, to know the Market-Rates of all Stores belonging to Shipping, to examine and audit Treasurers, Victu∣allers, and Score-keepers Accounts, his Sallary is 500 l. yearly.

Surveyor of the Navy, whose Office is Generally to know the state of all Stores, and see the Wants supplyed; to sind the Hulls, Masts and Yards, and estimate the Value of Repairs, by Indenture to charge all Boat-swains and Carpenters of His Ma∣jesties Navy, with what Stores they Receive, and at the end of each Voyage, to state and audit their Ac∣counts, his Sallary is 490 l.

Clarks of the Acts, whose Office is to Record all Orders, Contracts, Bills, Warrants, and other bu∣siness transacted by the Principal Officers and Com∣missioners of the Navy, &c. the Sallary of the Com∣missioners of the Navy is 500 l. yearly to each. There are two Commissioners, whose particular work is to be at Portsmouth and Chatham, always in readiness to give Orders for the better Management of His Majesties Affairs in his Yards or Store-houses there; Sallary to each is 350 l. Yearly.

Each of these Officers above-named have two Clarks, and some of them more, all paid by the Treasurer of the Navy, all hold their places by Pa∣tent from the King, and most of them during plea∣sure.

The King hath for his Navy Royal and Stores, four great Yards or Store-houses, (viz.) at Chat∣ham, Deptford, Woolwich, and Portsmouth, where his Ships are Built, Repaired and laid up after their Voyages. In which yards are Employed Divers Officers, whereof the six principal are Clerks of the Check, Store-keeper, Master, Attendants, two at Chatham, Master-Shipwright, Clark of the Control, Clark of the Survey.

Note that the Charges of the Clarks and Instru∣ments are included in the afore-mentioned Sal∣laries.

Besides these four Yards, his Majesty hath divers Rope-Yards, as at Chatham, Woolwich, and Ports∣mouth, where are made all his Cables and Cor∣dage for his Navy. Also in time of Sea-War, the King hath another Yard at Harwich, where there is, out of War time, continued an Officer at the charge of 100 l. yearly.

The ordinary Charge of his Majesties Navy in times of Peace, continuing in Harbour, is so well regulated, that it amounts to scarce 7000 l. Be∣sides, all Charges of Building of Ships, &c. or setting forth any Fleets, which some years, even in peace∣able times, amounts to 12, or 13000 l. more, as may easily be conjectured by the Charges of Build∣ing and Rigging of Ships, and of one Months ex∣pence at Sea.

Of the Post-Office.

THis Office is now kept in Lumbard-street, for∣merly in Bishops-gate-street, the Profits of it are by Act of Parliament settled on his Royal High∣ness the Duke of York. But the King by Letters Pa∣tents, under the great Seal of England, constitutes the Post-Master-General.

From this General Office, Letters and Packets are dispatched,

On Mondays

To France, Spain, Italy, Germany, Flanders, Sweedland, Donmark, Kent and the Downs.

On Tuesdays

To Holland, Germany, Sweedland, Denmark, Ireland, Scotland, and all parts of England and Wales.

On Wednesdays

To all parts of Kent, and the Downs.

On Thursdays

To France, Spain, Italy, and all parts of England and Scotland.

On Frydays

To Flanders, Germany, Italy, Sweedland, Den∣mark, Holland, Kent, and the Downs.

On Saturdays

All parts of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ire∣land. Letters are returned from all parts of England and Scotland, certainly every Monday, Wednesday and Friday; from Wales every Monday and Fry∣day; and from Kent and the Downs every day: But from other parts more uncertainly, in regard of the Sea.

A Letter containing a whole sheet of Paper is convey'd 80 Miles for 2 d. two sheets for 4 d. and an Ounce of Letters for 8 d. and so propo••tionably;

a Letter containing a sheet is conveyed above 80 Miles for 3 d. two sheets for 6 d. and every Ounce of Letters for 12 d. A sheet is conveyed to Dublin for 6 d. two for a shilling, and an Ounce of Letters for 12 d.

This Conveyance by Post is done in so short a time, by night as well as by day, that every 24 hours, the Post goes 120 Miles, and in five days, an answer of a Letter may be had from a Place 300 Miles distant from the Writer.

Moreover, if any Gentlemen desire to ride Post, to any Principal Town of England, Post-horses are always in readiness, (taking no Horse without the consent of his owner) which in other Kings Reigns was not duly observed; and only 3 d. is demand∣ed for every English Mile, and for every Stage to the Post-Boy, 4 d. For conducting.

Besides this Excellent convenience of con∣veying Letters, and Men on Horse-back, there is of late such and admirable commodiousness, both for Men and Women of better rank, to tra∣vel from London, and to almost all the Villages near this great City, that the like hath not been known in the World, and that is by Stage-Coaches, where∣in one may be transported to any place, sheltred from foul Weather, and foul ways, free from en∣damaging ones Health or Body by hard jogging, or over violent motion; and this not only at a low price, as about a shilling for every five Miles, but with such velocity and speed, as that the Posts in some Foreign Countries, make not more Miles in a day; for the Stage-Coaches, called Flying-Coach∣es, make forty or fifty Miles in a day, as from Lon∣don to Oxford or Cambridge, and that in the space of twelve hours, not counting the time for Dining, setting forth not too early, nor coming in too 〈◊〉〈◊〉.

The several Rates that now are and have been taken for the Carriage of Letters, Packquets, and Parcels, to or from any of His Majesties Dominions, to or from any other parts or places beyond the Seas, are as followeth, that is to say,

• s. d.
• MOrlaix, St. Maloes, Caen, New-haven, and places of like di∣stance, Carriage paid to Rouen—
  • Single 0 6
  • Double 1 0
  • Treble 1 6
  • Ounce 1 6
• Hamburgh, Colen, Frankfort,— Carriage paid to Antwerp, is—
  • Single 0 8
  • Double 1 4
  • Treble 2 0
  • Ounce 2 0
• Venice, Geneva, Legorn, Rome, Na∣ples, Messina, and all other parts of Italy by way of Venice, Franct pro Mantua,—
  • Single 0 9
  • Double 1 6
  • Treble 2 3
  • Ounce 2 8
• Marseilles, Smirna, Constantinople, Aleppo, and all parts of Turky, Carri∣age paid to Marselles.—
  • Single 1 0
  • Double 2 0
  • 3/4 Oun. 2 9
  • Ounce 2 8
• And for Letters brought from the same places to England—
  • Single 0 8
  • Double 1 4
  • Treble 2 0
  • Ounce 2 0
• The Carriage of Letters brought in∣to England, from Calice, Diep, Bul∣loign, Abbeville, Amiens, St. Omers, Montrel—
  • Single 0 4
  • Double 0 8
  • Treble 1 0
  • Ounce 1 0
  • Roven—
    • Single 0 6
    • Double 1 0
    • Treble 1 6
    • Ounce 1 6
  • ...

• ...
  • Genoua, Legorn, Rome, and other parts of Italy by way of Lyons, Franct pro Lyons—
    • Single 1 0
    • Double 2 0
    • 3/4 Ounce 2 9
    • Ounce 3 9

The Carriage of Letters Outwards.

• To Bourdeaux, Rochel, Nants, Orle∣ans, Bayon, Tours, and places of like distance, Carriage paid to Paris—Single 0 9
• Double 1 6
• Treble 2 3
• Ounce 2 0
• Letters brought from the same pla∣ces into England—Single 1 0
• Double 2 0
• 3/4 Oun. 3 0
• Ounce 4 0

The Carriage of Letters Outwards.

• To Norembourgh, Bremen, Dant∣zick, Lubeck, Lipswick, and other places of like distance, Carriage paid to Hamburgh—Single 1 0
• Double 2 0
• 3/4 Oun. 3 0
• Ounce 4 0
• Paris—Single 0 9
• Double 1 6
• Treble 2 3
• Ounce 2 0
• Dunkirk, Ostend, Lisle Ipers, Cam∣brary, Ghent, Bruxels, Bruges, Antwerp, and all other parts of Flanders.
• Sh••••e, Flushing, Middleburgh, A••••ster∣••am, Rotterdam, Delph, Hague, and all other parts of Holland and Zealand—Single 0 8
• Double 1 4
• Treble 2 0
• Ounce 2 0

All Merchants Accounts, not exceeding a Sheet, Bills of E••change, Invoices, Bills of Lading, shall ••e allowed without rate in the price of the Letters, and also the Covers of the Letters not exceeding a Sheet, to M••rseilles, Venice, or Legorn, towards Turkie.

The said Office is managed by a Deputy, and o∣ther Officers, to the Number of seventy seven per∣sons; who give their actual attendance respectively, in the dispatch of the business.

Upon this Grand Office, depends one hundred eighty two Deputy-Post-Masters in England and Scotland; most of which keep Regular Offices in their Stages, and Sub-Post-Masters in their Bran∣ches; and also in Ireland, another General Office for that Kingdom, which is kept in Dublin, consist∣ing of Eighteen like Officers, and Forty-five Depu∣ty Post-Masters.

The Present Post-Master-General, keeps con∣stantly, for the transport of the said Letters and Pac∣quets;

• Between Eng∣land and—
  • France, two Pacquet-Boats.
  • Flanders, two Pacquet-Boats.
  • Holland, three Pacquet-Boats.
  • Ireland, three Pacquet-Boats.

And at Deal, two Pacquet-Boats for the Downs.

All which Officers, Post-Masters, Pacquet-Boats, are maintained at his own proper Charge.

And as the Master-piece of all those good regula∣tions, established by the present Post-Master-Gene∣ral, for the better Government of the said Office, he hath annexed and appropriated the Market-Towns of England, so well to their Respective Post-Stages, that there is no Considerable Market-Town, but hath an easie and certain Conveyance for the Let∣ters thereof, to and from the said Grand Office, in the due course of the Males every Post.

Though the Number of Letters Missive in Eng∣land, were not at all Considerable in our Ancestors days, yet it is now so prodigiously great, (since the meanest People have Generally learnt to write) that this Office is Farmed for above 40, rather 50000 l. a Year.

Of the PENNY-POST.

THis Ingenious Ʋndertaking being so extraor∣dinary useful in the facilitating of Com∣merce and mutual Correspondence, and consequent∣ly very serviceable to Traders, &c. shall be briefly handled; and, I hope, that what proceeds from me, who am no interessed Person, will be resented Can∣didly, and Examined, as to the Argumentative part, according to the Solidity and Strength of the Reasons produced.

I have heard this Undertaking disparaged by some Censorious Persons, and have examined the Reasons, with the quality of the Objectors, and have found it all along opposed by none but the Ignorant, or such as preferred some particular Ends, before Publick Utility. To my knowledge I never saw nor corres∣ponded directly nor indirectly with any of the Un∣dertakers, till being very desirous to insert this Affair of the Penny-Post in this Book for Publick Infor∣mation, I made an Address to one of the Gentle∣men concern'd, who Courteously supply'd me with some particular Informations which I wanted, and for which I am beholding to him. This I speak, to sa∣tisfie the Objectors that I do voluntarily, and not by any inducement of theirs mention this Affair, which, in my opinion, is so far from being a prejudice, that the City, as well as the whole Nation, is beholding to them for their Ingenious Contrivance, and their Con∣stancy and Generosity in minding the Publick Good so much as they have done; for 'tis certain that they have been at very great Expence to hold it up, under the Discouragements that some Persons have thrown upon them, and the necessary Charge to support it is yet very considerable. But to be more particular:

1. I will give some Hints of what this Underta∣king is in Point of Practice.

2. Its general and particular Usefulness.

3. I will consider an Objection or two.

1. What I can say of this Undertaking in Point of Practice, is briefly what follows, only I would pre∣mise a few words as my opinion, and the opinion of impartial Persons of my acquaintance, as to the thing in general.

This useful Invention is little more than a year old, being begun in April 1680. The chief Undertaker that introduc'd it into Practice, is one Mr. William Dockwra Merchant, a Native and Citizen of London, formerly one of His Majesties Sub-Searchers in the Custom-House of London, as in the List of those Officers appears. A Person, whose approved Repu∣tation for Industry and Fidelity was well known to all for above ten years in that Office: And to whom the Publick is obliged, he having, with his Partners, spent much time, and a great Sum of money, to bring this Undertaking on foot, wherein they encounter'd with no small Difficulties, not only by Affronts and Indignities from the Vulgar sort, who seldom weigh any Publick or Generous Designs, but at the Beam of Little, Selfish, By-Ends, but also by more dange∣rous Attaques; for there have been Attempts made, by some Persons, to persuade his Royal Highness the Duke of York, that it intrench'd upon the General Post-Office, and damnifi'd it; whereupon many Actions were brought, and a chargeable Suit of Law follow'd: But, questionless, the Duke is better in∣form'd now; for it is most certain, that this does much further the Revenue of the Grand Post-Office, and is an universal Benefit to all the Inhabitants of these Parts: so that whoever goes about to deprive the City of so useful a thing, deserves no thanks from the Duke, nor any Body else, but to be Noted as an Ene∣my to Publick and Ingenious Inventions.

It is with all Humility submitted to the Considera∣tion

of all worthy Citizens that happen to peruse this small Tract, that it becomes not the Honour of the City to suffer any of its Ingenious Natives, especially Persons who have lived and do live in good Fashion and Repute, to sink under the carrying on of an Un∣dertaking so advantageous not only to the Publick, but also to private Persons, since their industrious Service to their Generation deserves encouragement from their Fellow-Citizens, and all others, viz.

(1.) To discountenance petty Persons that would, for the profit of running of Errands, rob the Com∣munity (if they could) of this more than ordinary convenience for safe, cheap, and necessary Dis∣patches.

(2.) To reject any INTRUDER that may at∣tempt to set up another Penny-Post; because, if the thing be hereafter profitable, all the Reason and Equity in the world will plead for the Inventers, viz. that they ought to reap the Benefit. And it is a Note of Consideration, That Mr. Dockwra has a nu∣merous Family of eight young Children; who being forsaken by some others soon after it began, and left to shift for himself, carried on this Undertaking sing∣ly, for above half a year at his own proper charge and hazard, against all the Difficulties, Oppositions and Discouragements that attended it, though now he hath several Citizens in partnership with him. But I am truly informed, that the Income does not yet amount to three fourths of the necessary Charge to support it; therefore I am persuaded that this Ho∣nourable City will employ the Inventers, rather than an Invader, if ever any such should be; And that 'tis much below such a Prince as his Royal Highness is, to desire the Ruine of such a Family.

I am the more large upon this Particular, because it would be a general Discouragement to the Con∣trivers of useful and profitable Inventions, if others should be encouraged to reap the Crop of what they with so much charge and labor have sown.

This Penny-Post is thus managed.

The Principal Office to which all Accompts, &c. are daily transmitted, is in Lyme-street, at the Dwel∣ling-house of the said Mr. Dockwra, formerly the Mansion-house of Sir Robert Abdy K.nt.

There are seven Sorting-houses, proper to the seve•• Precincts, into which the Undertakers have di∣vided London, Westminster, and the Suburbs, situa∣ted at equal distances, for the better maintenance of mutual Correspondence.

There are about 4 or 500 Receiving-houses to take in Letters, where the Messengers call every hour, and convey them as directed; as also Post-Letters, the writing of which are much increased by this Accom∣modation, being carefully convey'd by them to the General Post-Office in Lombard street.

There are a great Number of Clerks and poor Citizens daily employed, as Messengers, to Collect, Sort, Enter, Stamp and Deliver all Letters, every Person entertained giving Fifty pounds security, by Bond, for his Fidelity; and is to be subject to the Rules and Orders, from time to time, given by the Undertakers, who oblige themselves to make good any thing deliver'd to their Messengers under the value of Ten pounds, if Sealed up, and the Contents Endorsed; And these Messengers have their Wages duly paid them every Saturday night.

By these are convey'd Letters and Parcels, not ex∣ceeding One Pound Weight, nor Ten Pound in Value, to and from all Parts at seasonable times, viz. of the Cities of London and Westminster, Southwark, Red∣riff, Wapping, Ratcliff, Lyme-house, Stepney, Poplar, and Blackwall, and all other places within the weekly Bills of Mortality, as also to the four Towns of Hack∣ney, Islington, South-Newington-Butts, and Lambeth, but to no other Towns, and the Letters to be left on∣ly at the Receiving-houses of those four Towns, for the said four Towns; but if brought home to their

Houses, a Penny more in those Towns; nor any Letter to be deliver'd to them in the Street, but at the Receiving-houses.

They now do use Stamps to mark the hour of the Day on all Letters when sent out from their Office to be deliver'd, by which all Persons are to expect their Letters within one hour, (little more or less, from the time marked thereon, excepting such Letters as are to be convey'd to the Out-Towns, and Remotest parts, which will be longer) by which the cause of delay of Letters may be easily discern'd, viz. whether it be really in the Office, or their own Servants, (or others) with whom Letters are left.

The Marks they make use of for this purpose, are these:

[illustration]

Of which the First, signifies Eight in the Morning, the Last, Four in the Afternoon, and the Middlemost, is the Letter of the chief Office in Lyme-street, each Office having its proper Letter, and an Acknowledg∣ment that the Penny-Post is paid, to prevent the giv∣ing of any thing at the Delivery.

All Persons are desired not to leave any Town-Letters after Six of the Clock in the Winter, and Seven in the Summer on Saturday Nights, because the many poor Men employ'd, may have a little time to provide for their Families against the Lords-day, ha∣ving no leisure all the week besides.

Upon three days at Christmas, two days in Easter and Whitsontide, and upon the 30 of January, the Penny-Post does not go.

To the most Remote places Letters go four or five times of the day, to other places six or eight times of the day. To Inns of Court, and places of business in Town, especially in Term or Parliament∣time, 10 or 12 times of the day. For better infor∣mation of People where the Receiving-houses are, there are great Numbers of Printed Tickets dispersed from time to time amongst the Neighborhood, and Advertisements in the Publick Intelligences, which all concern'd may take Notice of, so that any body may be by the Neighborhood immediately inform'd where a Receiving-house is. Carriers and Stage-Coach Letters are to have Two-pence inclosed to each Carrier or Coachman, because they often reject them for want of money; Hundreds of such being return'd, which any Inquirer may have again upon notice, for they lie Alphabetically disposed of in the chief Office for that end.

On all Post-Nights due Care is taken to call for, and convey to the General Post-house in Lombard-street all Post-Letters, whether Foreign or Inland, left in any of the Penny-Post Receiving-houses, at or before Nine of the Clock at Night. And I could wish, for Encouragement of the Undertakers, that all Persons would so far contribute to the continuance of this useful Design, as to send their Post-Letters by this Conveyance to the Post-Office in Lombard-street, which they do not Convey by themselves, or Servants.

If any Post-Letters be left without Money that should pay before-hand, they will be Returned to the Office, therefore such as send Money, are to indorse the Postage-money upon their Letters.

Such as inclose Money in Town-Letters, are to Indorse the true Sum on the Outside, and to tye fast and seal up, under a plain Impression, all Parcels, which may be one way to prevent Disputes, in case any thing be lost. The Undertakers will not answer

for any Centents unseen, unless sealed fast, and the Value Indorsed plain to be Read.

2. Some brief Hints of the Ʋsefulness of this Office.

1. In and near this great and famous Empori∣um, is the usual Residence of our Kings, the High Court of Parliament, the fixed Seats of all the Courts of Judicature, and in it is managed a vast Trade, as was shew'd in the Chapter that Treats of it; now a cheap, frequent, and safe way of Correspondence, is very advantageous for all that are concerned in Com∣merce, or Business.

The principal Trade of London depends upon Navigation, and therefore the City and Suburbs are situate along the River of Thames, extending in length, as was shew'd, pag. 5. from Ly••ne-house, to the end of Tuttle-street 7500 Geometrical P••ces, that is seven Miles and an half; and from the end of Blackman-street, to the end of St. Leonard Shore∣ditch, 2500 Paces in Breadth, that is two Miles; and the whole Circumference (as by Demonstration can be made apparent) is above 20 Miles, taking in all the Contiguous Suburbs and Westminster, so that it is the longest, if not the greatest and most populous City in Christendom. This extraordinary Length, though it adds to its Splendor and Beauty, yet it renders speedy Communication and Intercourse in Business very uneasie, and much more troublesom, than in such great Cities as Paris, which is almost of an orbicular Form. Now to keep up a necessary Correspondence, the way formerly used, was to hire Porters at Excessive Rates to go on Errands, and to send Servants or Apprentices, who, in the mean while, lost that time that should be spent to learn their Trades, and benefit their Masters, and would often loyter, and get vicious habits, and evil company, &c.

(when they need not) to their own and Masters hurt; or else such as could not spare the Porter so much money, nor kept Servants, (as some poor Ar∣tificers and Labourers (have been forced to sweat and toil, and leave their work, for, it may be, half the day, to do that which now they may perform at the easie rate of a Penny.

But now all these Inconveniences are remedied by the Penny-Post with great Safety and Celerity, for which the Contrivers really deserve the Thanks of all who reap benefit by it; and I may be bold to say, that all the Inhabitants in general, and their Fellow-Citizens in particular, are already very sensible of the great Convenience thereof: For, among the innu∣merable Benefits of this Penny-Post, which, for brevi∣ty we omit, Friends may converse with Friends, at any distance; Merchants, Shop-keepers and Tradesmen with their Customers, or such as deal with them; Clients may consult with Lawyers; Patients with Doctors; Poor Prisoners with Creditors, or Bene∣factors; and all Bills dispersed for Publication of any Concern; all Summons or Tickets conveyed; all Entries of Brewers to the Excise-Office; and many more, for One Penny.

3. The Objections I have heard of, are,

1. From some sort of Porters, viz. that it hinders their Livelihood.

Answ. (1.) 'Tis certain that this is a mistake, for their Livelihood never depended upon going on Er∣rands, their Business being other laborious Work, and carrying of Burdens, &c. But some of the Free-Porters are now in the service of the Undertaking.

(2.) Most Business dispatcht by this Undertaking, was formerly either not done at all, or performed by other hands, to save Charges, (Porters Rates being so dear) and Persons themselves, or their Servants, went on their own Errands.

(3.) If the Porters, who are an inconsiderable Number, in respect of the whole Inhabitants of this great City, should suffer some small loss of Petty Em∣ploy by it, yet vast Numbers of poor People, and others, are exceedingly eased and beenfited thereby, which deserve as much, or more pity, than Porters: And a general and useful Undertaking, should not in Equity or Prudence be discountenanced, for the peculiar advantage of some few, any more than all the Pipes or Water-Conduits of the City should be destroyed, meerly for the Accommodation of Tan∣kard-Bearers; Printing suppressed, to accommodate Writing Clerks; Guns, for Fletchers; Navigable Rivers, for Carriers; and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Trade of Jack-smiths, for Turn-spits, &c. Nor have Porters any Authority to monopolize to themselves the Delivery of Letters, it being by Law free for any Person to use what Con∣veyance they think good for their Letters, within or without the Freedom. And Coach-men, Car-men, Watermen, &c. may as well be put out of their Cal∣lings, as the Undertakers disturb'd in this Concern, because then the Porters may have more Burdens to carry. Neither is any prohibited or restrained by this Undertaking, but they may still employ a Porter if they please, so that this Objection is causless, and is level'd against the whole Body of Inhabitants, as well as the Undertakers in particular.

2. Others alledge, That their Letters are not spee∣dily answered, and therefore say they miscarry.

Answ. That may be, because the Party is not at home, and his Servants do not produce his Letter as he ought, though punctually left by the Penny-Post-Messenger (this I have very often known to be my own Case, and some of my Friends.) Or the Party may not be at leisure, or not willing to write, or re∣moved, or would pretend he received it not, when Dun'd for money, which he cannot, or will not pay. And indeed I am also inform'd, that abundance of

Letters are so ill superscribed, or uncertainly direct∣ed, when frequently the particular Trade of the Par∣ty, the Sign, or what Noted Place is near, are omit∣ted, that it is impossible to deliver such, which is the fault of the Senders, and not of the Office.

To conclude this Subject. The Reader may ex∣pect hereafter a small Tract by it self, Printed for the Undertakers of the Penny-Post. What I have here inse••ted being briefly Remarkt, as my own Notions, concerning so laudable a Design, by way of Speci∣men, and as a thing suitable to my present Work.

The Rates and Orders of Coachmen.

BY an Act of Parliament made in the Fourteenth Year of Our Soveraign Lord King CHARLES ••he Second, it is appointed, That no person or per∣sons, after May 1. 1662. shall presume to drive, (except Stage-Coaches) or let the Hire by the hour or day, or otherwise, any Hackney-Coach or Coach-Horses within the Parishes comprised within the Bills of Mortality, without an especial License from the Commissioners appointed by His Majesty for Licens∣ing and regulating Hackney-Coaches. That no Horse, Gelding, or Mare, to be used with such Coaches, be under 14 hands high, according to the Standard. That the Number of Coaches so Licens∣ed shall not exceed 400. That every Coach so Li∣censed shall have a Mark of distinction by Figure, or otherwise, as the Commissioners shall think fit, to the end they may be known, if any complaint shall be made of them. That no person shall be Licens∣ed to keep more than two Coaches, which Coaches shall have several Figures or Marks of distinction, as if belonging to several persons. That no person shall put that Figure or Mark upon his Coach which is appointed for any other, under the forfeiture of five

pounds. That no person shall be Licensed to drive or keep a Hackney-Coach, or Coach-Horses, that uses any other Trade or Occupation. That first such as have been ancient Coach-men, or such Coach-men as have suffered for their Service to His Majesty or his Father, or the Widows of such (that have Coaches of their own) be Licensed. That the Commissioners forfeit one hundred pounds for every Coach they License above the Number of 400.

That no Hackney-Coach-man so Licensed shall presume to take for his Hire in or about the Cities of London and Westminster above Ten shillings for a day, reckoning 12 hours to the day; and by the hour, not above 18 pence for the first hour, and 12 pence for every hour after; nor for his Hire from any of the Inns of Courts, or thereabouts, to any part of St. James's or Westminster, (except beyond Tuttle-Street) above 12 pence, and the like from the same places to the Inns of Court, or thereabouts; nor from the Inns of Court, or thereabouts, to the Royal Exchange, more than 12 pence; but if to the Tower, Bishopsgate-Street, Aldgate, or places there∣abouts, 18 pence; and so from the same places to the said Inns of Court, as aforesaid. That the like Rates be observed from or to any place, at the like distance with the places before-named. That if any Coach-man shall refuse to go at, or exact more for his Hire than these Rates, he shall for every Offence forfeit Ten shillings.

An Alphabetical Account of all the Car∣riers, Wagoners, and Stage-Coaches, that comes to the several Inns in Lon∣don, Westminster, and Southwark, from all Parts of England and Wales, with the respective days of their Coming in, and Going out.

A.

Abington.

WIlliam Perton Wagoner, comes to the Bell in Friday-street on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Edward Perton with Coach and Wagon the same days, to and from the Sarazens-head in Friday-street.

Aylesbury.

John Christmas Wagoner, comes to the George by Holbourn-Conduit on Wednesdays, goes out on Thurs∣days.

Mr. Webb Coachman, comes to the Crown in Hol∣bourn on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, and goes out on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays.

Mr. Fryer's Coach comes to the Black Swan in Hol∣bourn, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, and goes out on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.

Andover in Berkshire.

Roger Bird Wagoner, comes to the King's-Arms in Holbourn-Bridge on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Haverhill in Suffolk.

William Swan Carrier, comes to the Four Swans in Bishops-gate on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Mr. Ashton, Townes and Cole, Edward Onyou

Carriers, come to the Four Swans in Bishopsgate-street on Wednesdays, and go out on Thursdays.

John King Carrier, comes to the Rams-head in Fenchurch-street on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Ashby-de-la-Zouch in Leicestershire.

Thomas Richards Carrier, comes to the Axe in Aldermanbury every week on Saturdays, and goes out on Mondays.

Ashbourn in Derbyshire.

John Osbourne, Dabridge, Court, Dunkley, Car∣riers and Wagoners, come to the Castle in Wood∣street on Saturdays, and go out on Mondays.

St. Albans.

Joseph Marshall Coachmen, comes to the Cock in Aldersgate-street on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fri∣days, and goes out on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Satur∣days.

Widow Trotts Wagons come to the Cock in Al∣dersgate-street on Mondays and Fridays, and goes out on Tuesdays and Saturdays.

Godfrey Scofield Wagoner, comes to the Cock in Aldersgate-street on Mondays, and goes out on Tuesdays.

Anthony Wilson's Coach comes to the Bell in Al∣dersgate-street on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, and goes out on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays.

William Newels Wagon c••mes to the Bell in Al∣dersgate-street on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, and goes out on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays.

Robert Carr Wagoner, comes to the Vine in Old-street on Mondays and Thursdays, and goes out on Tuesdays and Fridays.

William Jones, John Cook Wagoners, come to the Vine in Old-street on Mondays and Fridays, and go out on Tuesdays and Saturdays.

Amersham in Bucks.

John Sells Coachman, comes to the Bell in Hol∣bourn

on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, and goes out on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays.

Matthew Reading Wagoner, comes to the White-Hart in High-Holbourn on Mondays and Fridays, and goes out on Tuesdays and Saturdays.

Thomas Browne Wagoner, comes to the White-Hart in High-Holbourn on Mondays and Fridays, and goes out Tuesdays and Saturdays.

Ab••••sley in Huntingtonshire.

Thomas Basse Carrier, comes to the Red Lyon in Aldersgate-street on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Agham in Hampshire.

Mr. Woodman Wagoner, comes to the White-Hart in Ch••ring-cross ••n Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Arundel in Sussex.

George Moore an•• William Deane comes to the Queens-head in Southwark on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Ashford in Kent.

Philip Smith Carrier, comes to the Spur in South-wark on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

B.

Brumly in Kent.

Widow Ingerhams W••gon comes to the King's Arms in Barnaby-street in Southwark on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, and goes out Tuesdays, Thurs∣days and Saturdays.

William and Daniel Woolfs Wagon comes to the same place, and uses the same days.

Bristol.

Robert Barrett, John Barrett, Samuel Wilkin, Robert Gaines Carriers, come to the Three Cups in Bread-street on Tuesdays and Fridays, and go out on Wednesdays and Saturdays.

Philip Woodroofe, Thomas Keene, Bernard Keene, Silvester Keene Wagoners, come to the White-Swan at Holbourn-Bridge on Thursdays, and goes out on Fridays.

John Booth, William Baldwin, Robert Toby, their Coaches to Bristol and Bath, come to the Sarazens-head in Friday-street on Saturdays and Wednesdays, and go out on Mondays and Thursdays.

Bradford in Berkshire.

Widow Seywards Wagon comes to the White-horse in Southwark on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thurs∣days.

Bath.

William Tyley Carrier, comes to the Three Cups in Bread-street on Fridays, and goes out on Satur∣days.

Basingstoke.

Lawrence Wardner's Wagon comes to the King's Arms in Holbourn-Bridge on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Beckles in Suffolk.

John Richardson's Coach comes to the Gross-Keys in Gracechurch-street on Thursdays, and goes out on Fridays.

Bynfield in Berkshire.

William Johnson's Wagon comes to the George in Aldersgate-street on Tuesdays, and goes out on Wed∣nesdays.

Brentwood

—Coach, comes to the Blue-Boar without Ald∣gate, in and out every day.

John Hills Carrier, comes to the Crown without Aldgate on Tuesdays and Thursdays, and goes out on Wednesdays and Saturdays.

Barnstaple in Devonshire.

John Glowing Carrier, comes to the Bull and Mouth by Aldersgate every other Friday, and goes out the Saturday following.

Bleechenly in Surrey.

John Russel Carrier, comes to the Half-Moon in Southwark on Fridays, and goes out on Saturdays.

Bridgenorth in Shropshire.

Edward Bradley Carrier, comes to the Bull and Mouth by Aldersgate on Fridays, and goes out on Saturdays.

St. Edmonds-Bury.

Robert Coak's Coach comes to the Bull within Bishopsgate on Tuesdays, and goes out on Wednesdays.

Robert Coak's Wagon comes in on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

John Barwick Coachman, comes to the Bull in Bishopsgate-street on Saturdays, and goes out on Mondays.

Richard Nelson, Robert Cook, their Coach comes to the Green Dragon in Bishopsgate-street on Thurs∣days and Saturdays, and goes out on Fridays and Mondays.

Burwash in Sussex.

Nicholas Garrett Carrier, comes to the Queens∣head in Southwark on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Brentry in Essex.

Arthnr Paulmer Coachman, comes to the Cross-Keys in Gracechurch-street, in and out every day.

Mr. Bunting's Wagon comes to the Pewter-Pot in Leaden-hall-street on Thursdays, and goes out on Fri∣days.

Mr. Robinson's Coach comes to the Ipswich Arms in Cullumstreet on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, and goes out on Tuesdayt, Thursdays and Sa∣turdays.

Blakebourn, Bolton-berry, Ribchester, Coulney, Padcam and Preston in Lancashire.

Thomas Cave Carrier, comes to Blossoms-Inn in Lawrence-lane on Thursday, and goes out on Friday, once in three weeks.

Burford in Oxfordshire.

Leonard Mill's Wagon comes to the Bell in Fri∣day-street on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thurs∣days.

Bakewel in Derbyshire.

John Syms Carrier, comes to Blossoms-Inn on Thursday, and goes out on Friday once in three weeks.

Bridgenorth in Shropshire.

Hugh Garrett Coachman, comes to the Blue-Boar in Holbourn on Saturdays, and gons out on Mon∣days.

Bridgenorth and Wenlock.

Widow Jane Gower Carrier, comes to the Swan with two Necks in Lad-lane on Friday, and g••••s out on Saturdays, once in a fortnight.

Barton in Oxfordshire.

John Bryon Carrier, comes to the Bell in Wood∣street on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Berkshire.

Widow Sayward's Wagon comes to the Cross-Keys in Woodstreet on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thurs∣days.

Barnet.

Peter Blackwel's Coach comes to the Bell in St. Johns-street in and out every day.

Barfeild great in Essex.

Christopher Johnson's Wagon comes to the Rams∣head in Fenchurch-street on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Bedford.

John Johnson Carrier, comes to the Cock in Al∣dersgate-street on Tuesdays, and goes out on Wednes∣days.

Anthony Rush's Wagon comes to the Red Lyon in Aldersgate-street on Wednesdays, and goes out on Thursdays. The same man comes to the same place with a Coach on Tuesdays, and goes out on Thursdays.

Baldock in Hertfordshire.

Thomas Ma••es Wagon comes to the Red Lyon in Redcross-street on Tuesday and Friday, and goes out on Wednesday and Saturday.

John Hare's Wagon comes to the Sun-Dial near Swan-Alley in Old-street on Monday and Thurs∣day, and goes out on Tuesday and Friday.

Bishop-Stafford.

Mr. Reve's Wag••n comes to the Kings-head in Leaden-hall-street on Tuesday, and goes out on Wed∣nesday.

Brackley in Northamptonshire.

Mr. Ralph Harlow Carrier, comes to the Mer∣maid in Carter-lane on Saturday, and goes out on Monday.

Battle in Sussex.

John Colstock Carrier, comes to the Spur in South∣wark on Wednesday, and goes out on Thursday.

Buckingham Carrier.

Philip Webster and his Son, comes to the George in West-Smithfield on Tuesday, and goes out on Wed∣nesday.

Banbury in Oxfordshire.

John Jordan's Wagon comes to the Bell-Savage on Ludgate-hill on Wednesday, and goes out on Thurs∣day.

Bocking and Brantry in Essex.

Thomas Robinson's Coach comes ••o the Ipswich Arms in Cullum-street on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, and goes out Tuesday, Thursday and Satur∣day.

B••••dley in Worcestershire.

Thomas Freeman comes into the same Inn on Sa∣turday, and goes out on Monday.

Barcomstead in Hertfordshire.

Thomas Wilkinson Coachman, comes to the Bell in Holbourn on Monday, Wednesday and Frid••iy, and goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Bisciter in Oxfordshire.

Richard Ewins's Wagon comes to the Bull in Hol∣bourn on Tuesday, and goes out on Wednesday.

Burton in Staffordshire and Ʋtoxiter.

Henry Ash and Matthew Bakewel Carriers, come to the Castle in Smithfield on Saturday, and go out on Monday.

Bredhempstone.

Thomas Blewman Carrier, comes to the Queens-head in Southwark on Wednesday, and goes out on Thursday.

Bagworth in Leicestershire.

Joseph Stowrer Carrier, comes to the Castle in West-Smithfield on Saturday, and goes out on Mon∣day, once a fortnight.

Billegray in Essex.

Mr. Thresher Coachman, comes to the Blue Boar in Whitechappel on Tuesday and Friday, and goes out on Wednesday and Saturday.

Thomas Barker's Wagon comes to the same place on Wednesday, and goes out on Thursday.

Brill in Buckinghamshire.

Robert Bedford Carrier, comes to the Bear and Ragged-staff in Smithfield on Tuesday, and goes out on Wednesday.

Bunington in Hertfordshire.

Flying Coach comes to the Dolphin without Bishopsgate on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, and goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Bushey in Hertfordshire.

John Weeden's Wagon comes to the Angel in St. Giles's on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, and goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Thomas Mason's Wagon comes to the Maidenhead in St. Giles's on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, and goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

John Mason's Wagon comes to the Maidenhead in St. Giles's on Tuesday and Friday, and goes out on Wednesday and Saturday.

Billinghurst and Purbeck.

Robert Cramber Carrier, comes to the Queens-head in Southwark on Thursday, and goes out on Friday.

Bath and Bristol.

Mr. Saunders and Drew's Coach comes to the Chequer near Charing-cross on Monday, and goes out on Tuesday.

Robert Toby's Coach comes to the Swan near Somerset-house on Wednesday and Saturday, and goes out on Monday and Thursday.

Thomas Balden, Robert Toby, and Mr. Booth, come to the Bell in the Strand in the Summer-time on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, and go out on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.

Thomas Balden, Robert Toby, and Mr. Booth, come to the Talbot in the Strand on Wednesday and Saturday, and goes out on Monday and Thurs∣day.

William Drew's Coach comes to the Angel on the Backside of St. Clements on Wednesday and Satur∣day, and goes out on Monday and Thursday.

Beconsfield in Bucks.

John Rolf's W••gon comes to the Bell in Warwick-lane on Monday, goes out on Tuesday.

C.

Chipton-warden in Northamptonshire.

Richard Farbrother's Wagon comes to the White Swan on Holbourn-Bridge on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Chesham in Buckinghamshire.

Gabriel Adam's Wagon comes to the same place on Tuesday and Friday, goes out on Wednesday and Fri∣day.

John Christmas's Wagon comes likewise to the same place on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Cherbury in Oxfordshire.

Mr. Willis's Wagon comes to the Rose on Hol∣bourn-Bridge on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Coxell.

Abraham Aves Carrier, comes to the Spread-Eagle in Gracechurch-street on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Cranfield in Bedfordshire.

Stephen Parish's Wagon comes to the George in Aldersgate-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Coddicote in Hertfordshire.

John Fisher Coachman, comes to the George in Aldersgate-street on Monday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday and Saturday.

Cambridge.

Mr. Andrew Hart's Coach comes to the Bull with∣in Bishopsgate on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, and goes out Monday, Wednesday and Friday.

Mr. Andrew Hart's Wagon for Cambridge and Norwich, comes to the same place on Tuesday and Thursday, goes out on Wednesday and Friday.

Mr. Stiles's Wagon comes in on Wednesday, and goes out on Thursday.

Robert Greene's Wagon comes in on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

William Martin Carrier, comes in on Saturday, goes out on Monday. All from the Bull within Bishopsgate.

Joseph Wildman, Charles Tyne, Nathanael Sayer Carriers, come to the Green Dragon in Bishopsgate-street on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday, go out on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday.

William Watterson Coachman, comes to the Green Dragon in Bishopsgate-street on Monday, Wednes∣day and Friday, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

John Day Carrier, comes to the Vine in Bishops∣gate-street on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Thomas Eagleton Carrier, comes to the Three Cups in Aldersgate-street on Thursday, goes out on Friday. The same man carries to several Parts in Cambridgeshire and Huntingtonshire.

Thomas Sterne's Wagon comes to the Cross-Keys in Gracechurch-street on Thursday, goes out on Fri∣day.

Canterbury-Post.

Brankerd Barnes and Gilbert come to the Dark-House at Billingsgate on Saturday and Wednesday, go out Monday and Thursday.

Mr. Foster and Frelyton Coachmen, come to the George in Southwark on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, go out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Chesterfield in Derbyshire.

Mr. Richard Merchant Carrier, comes to the Castle in Woodstreet on Wednesday, goes out on Friday.

Cirencester in Glocestershire.

Richard Shurle's Wagon comes to the Sarazens-head on Thursday, and goes out on Friday, once in a Fortnight.

Chelton in Glocestershire.

Thomas Kinnot Carrier, comes to the Sarazens-head in Carter-lane on Friday, and goes out on Sa∣turday.

Crandan in Buckinghamshire.

James Butler Carrier, comes to the George in Smithfield on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Coventry in Warwickshire.

John Mitchel's Wagon comes to the Bell-Savage on Ludgate-hill on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

William Mitchel's Coach-Wagon comes to the same place on Friday, goes out on Saturday.

Roger Roberts Wagon comes to the same place on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Copel in Bedfordshire.

John Patenam Carrier, comes to the Red Lyon in

Aldersgate-street on Tuesday, goes out on Wednes∣day.

Coliasby in Northamptonshire.

Edward Allein and James Rants Carriers, come to the Castle in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Clapham.

John Day's Coach comes to the Spread-Eagle in Gracechurch-street, in and out every day in the week.

Crandon in Northamptonshire.

Thomas Edwards Carrier, comes to the Bear and Ragged-staff in Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Chelmsford in Essex.

Shadrech Cooper's Wagon comes to the Spread-Eagle in Gracechurch-street on Monday, Wednes∣day and Friday, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Arthur Palmer's Coach comes to the Cross-Keys in in Gracechurch-street on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. And his Wagon to the same place comes on Tuesday and Friday, goes out on Wednesday and Saturday.

Mr. Spicer's Wagon comes to the Blue Boar with∣out Aldgate on Tuesday and Friday, goes out on Wed∣nesday and Saturday.

Thomas Robinson's Coach comes to the Ipswich Arms in Cullum-street in and out, every day in the week.

Chipton-Norton in Oxfordshire.

Robert Bridgeman Carrier, comes to the Bear and Ragged-staff in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Colchester.

Abraham Vall's Wagon comes to the Spread-Eagle in Gracechurch-street on Thursday, goes out on Fri∣day.

Thomas Starchpoole Coachman, comes to the Kings-Arms in Leaden-hall-street on Monday, Wed∣nesday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Cockthrop near Oxford.

Mr. Whiting's Wagon comes to the Bell in the Strand on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Croydon.

John Windham's Coach comes to the Greyhound in Southwark, in and out every day in the week.

Henry Batchellor and Norwood's Coach, comes to the Katherine-Wheel in Southwark, in and out every day in the week.

Chinord near Thame in Oxfordshire.

Mr. Mallard, Samuel Bardal, comes to the Bell in the Strand on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Cramborough in Kent.

John Botten Carrier, comes to the Kings-head in Southwark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Clare.

John Rash Carrier, comes to the Spread-Eagle in Gracechurch-street on Thursday, goes out on Fri∣day.

Chichester.

Mr. Barnes Carrier, comes to the White-hart in Southwark on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Mr. Tuff Carrier, comes to the same place on Wed∣nesday, goes out on Thursday.

Cranbroke in Kent.

William Woollett Carrier, comes to the Talbot in Southwark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Chittenstone in Kent.

John Harrison Carrier, comes to the White-horse in Southwark on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Crookhorne and Evill.

Mr. Clark and his Son, and William Matthews Carriers, come to Gerrards-hall in Basing-lane on Friday, go out on Saturday.

D.

Dusely in Glocestershire.

Mr. Church's Wagon comes to the Rose on Hol∣bourn-bridge on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Little Didlington in Bedfordshire.

William Curphe's Wagon comes to the George in Aldersgate-street on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Denby, Rexham and Ruthen.

William Harrison Carrier, comes to Blossoms-Inn in St. Lawrence-lane on Friday, goes out on Satur∣day, once in three weeks.

Dreyton in Buckinghamshire.

Joseph Sare Carrier, comes to the Mermaid in Carter-lane on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Daventree in Northamptonshire.

Thomas Moore's Wagon comes to the Bell-Savage on Ludgate-hill on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Humphrey Barker Carrier, comes to the Castle in West-Smithfield on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

D••••stable.

George Boswel Carrier, comes to the Three Cups in Aldersgate-street on Monday, Wednesday and Fri∣day, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Dunchurch in Warwickshire.

Thomas Southam Carrier, comes to the Castle in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Derinton and Wellingborough in Northamptonshire.

Mr. Cole's Wago•• comes to the Castle in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday, once a fortnight.

Dorset, Salisbury and Blandford.

Edward Cooper, Mr. Minchel, and Michael Min∣chel come to the Castle in West-Smithfield, on Wednesday and Saturday, go out on Monday and Thursday.

Dover.

Thomas and Stephen Gibben's Wagon comes to the Kings-head in Southwark on Wednesday and Saturday, goes out on Monday and Thursday.

John Gibbens Carrier, comes to the Rams-head in Fenchurch-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs-

Darking.

Widow Moore's Wagon comes to the Greyhound in Southwark on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Dulwich.

Will. Hicks Coachman, comes to the Katherine-wheel in Southwark, in and out every day.

Dorchester.

William Cooper, Michael Minching Coachmen, come to the Bell in the Strand on Wednesday and Sa∣turday, go out on Monday and Thursday.

Dunmore and High-Ruden in Essex.

Peter and William Wescoat Carriers, come to the Rams-head in Fenchurch-street on Monday and Thursday, goe out Tuesday and Friday.

Francis Cramphorne's Wagon comes to the Three Nuns without Aldgate on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

E.

Exeter.

Mr. Whiffen's Wagon comes to the Rose on Hol∣bourn-bridge on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

John Lowry, John Baker, Arthur Baker Wagoners, come to the Kings-Arms on Holbourn-bridge on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Thomas Morris Carrier, comes to the Sarazens-head in Friday-street on Friday, goes out on Satur∣day.

Benjamin Flemen, John Booth, William Baker, John Smead Coachmen, come to the same place on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, go out on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.

East-Ham in Essex.

George Holloway's Coach comes to the Three Nuns without Aldgate, in and out every day.

Will. Golding's Coach comes to the Blue Boar with∣out Aldgate, in and out every day.

Ely.

Simon Jackson's Wagon comes to the Bull within Bishopsgate on Monday, goes out on Tuesday.

Enfield.

Robert Hockley's Coach comes to the Bull within Bishopsgate, in and out every day.

Edmonton.

Thomas Boulton comes to the same place, in and out every day.

John Blower comes to the Green Dragon within Bishopsgate, in and out every day, both Winter and Summer.

Egham in Surrey.

The Coach comes to the Black-Lyon in Water-lane on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Elstree in Hertfordshire.

Mr. Mou••tague's Wagon comes to the Angel in St. Giles's on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Epsom.

Thomas Wells Coachman, comes to the Kings-head in Southwark, in and out every day.

Thomas Bird Coachman, comes to the Spread-Eagle in Gracechurch-street on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Satur∣day.

Robert••Bird comes to the Cross-Keys in Grace∣church-street in and out every day.

Eatonbridge in Kent.

Thomas Saxby Carrier, comes to the White-horse in Southwark on Monday and Thursday, goes out Tuesday and Saturday.

Eversham in Worcestershire.

John Robert's Wagon comes to the Castle in Woodstreet on Friday, goes out on Saturday.

Epping in Essex.

John Cornish's Coach comes to the Nags-head without Aldgate on Monday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday and Saturday.

Richard Galor Coachman, comes to the same place on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

F.

Fulham in Middlesex.

Mr. Woodman's Coach comes to the White-hart in Charing-cross, in and out every day.

Falkingham in Lincolnshire.

Mr. Wentword's Coach-Wagon comes to the Bell in West-Smithfield on Saturday, goes out on Monday, once a fortnight.

G.

Glocester.

William Allen comes to Blossoms-Inn in Law∣rence-lane on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Mr. Fettyplace Coachman, comes to the Bell-Sa∣vage on Ludgate-hill on Saturday, goes out on Mon∣day.

John Pinbury, Thomas Harris, Francis Batchellor Wagoners, comes to the same place on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Susanna Bowers, and John Wood's Wagon, comes to the Sarazens-head in Friday-street on Friday, goes out on Saturday.

Susanna Bowers, and Dorothy Cromwels Coach, comes to the Sarazens-head on Tuesday and Satur∣day, goes out on Monday and Wednesday.

Gainsborough in Lincolnshire.

William Plaster, Henry Brewmett Carriers, comes

to the Red-Lyon in Aldersgate-street on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Grantham in Lincolnshire, Newark, and all places thereabouts.

Henry Wayring's Coach-Wagon comes to the Cross-Keys in Whitecross-street on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Godliman in Sussex.

Will. Miller Coachman, comes to the White-horse in Fleetstreet, in and out every day.

Thomas Hart Carrier, comes to the Kings-head in Southwark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Guilford in Surrey.

George Plummer Coachman, comes to the Bell in the Strand on Tuesday and Friday, goes out on Wed∣nesday and Saturday.

Widow Kent's Coach comes to the Talbot in the Strand on Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday, goes out on Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday.

Richard Thore's Wagon comes to the Queens-head in Southwark on Monday, goes out on Tuesday.

Thomas Richard's Coach comes to the same place on Monday and Thursday, goes out on Tuesday and Friday.

Grinstead in Sussex.

Mr. Coster Carrier and Coachman, comes to the White-horse in Southwark on Tuesday and Friday, goes out on Wednesday and Saturday.

H.

Henley upon Thames.

Mr. Hatheway's Coach comes to the White-Swan 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Holbourn-bridge on Tuesday, Thursday and Sa∣turday, goes out on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.

Hooknorton in Oxfordshire.

—W••g••ner, comes to the Rose on Holbourn-bridge on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Highworth in Wiltshire.

Christopher Viner's Wagon comes to the George on Holbourn-bridge on Saturday, goes out on Mon∣day.

Hempsteade in Hertfordshire.

George Weeden Wagoner, comes to the George on Holbourn-bridge on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Hadham in Hertfordshire.

William Summers Wagon-Coach comes to the Bull within Bishopsgate on Friday, goes out on Saturday.

Hertford.

Mr. Bethel and his Partner, come to the Bull with∣in Bishopsgate on Monday, Wed••••sday and Friday, and go out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

James Moss's Wagon comes from Hertford, Ware, Hitchen, to the Katherine-wheel without Bishops∣gate on Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out on Monday, Thursday and Saturday.

John Smart's Coach comes to the White-Swan with∣out Bishopsgate on Monday and Thursday, goes out on Tuesday and Friday.

Mr. Weeb Wagoner, comes to the Four Swans in Bishopsgate-street on Monday and Thursday, goes out Tuesday and Friday.

John Laybee Carrier, comes to the same place on Monday and Thursday, goes out Tuesday and Friday.

Hodsdon in Hertfordshire.

John Cresp, and Robert Heard's Coach and Wagon, comes to the Green Dragon within Bishopsgate on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Hatfield in Hertfordshire.

Daniel Addison's Coach comes to the Red Lyon in Aldersgate-street on Monday, Wednesday and Fri∣day, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Hallifax in Yorkshire.

Henry Rieves, Gabriel H••ynes, Josias Smith, come to the White-horse without Cripplegate on Wednes∣day, goes out on Thursday.

Edward Polard, John Dison, come to the same place, go in and out the same days.

Mr. Walker Carrier, comes to the Bell in Wood∣street on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Hereford.

John Lane, Richard Hewlyn Carriers, come to the Cross-Keys in Woodstreet on Friday, goes out on Saturday.

Hurst in Berkshire.

Mr. Wright's Wagon, and Mr. Cox's Wagon, come to the Windmill in Shoe-lane on Wednesday, go out on Thursday.

Harrow on the Hill in Middlesex.

William Summers Coachman, comes to the Bell in Holbourn every day in the week in and out.

Nathanael Page Coachman, comes to the Red Lyon in Holbourn, in and out, every Monday, Thursday and Saturday.

Hampstead in Middlesex.

Daniel Lyon Coachman, comes to the Bell in Hol∣bourn, in and out, every day in the week.

Mr. Taylor's Coach comes to the Kings-head in Grays-Inn-lane, in and out, every day in the week.

James Neveld's Coach comes to the Cock and Dol∣phin in Grays-Inn-lane, in and out every day.

Huntington.

John Vintner's Wagon comes to the Red Lyon in Aldersgate-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

The same man, to the same place, with a Coach, comes in on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

William Guy Carrier, comes to the Three Cups in Aldersgate-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Harrold in Bedfordshire.

Edward Edwards Carrier, comes to the Bear and Ragged-staff in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Hadnam in Buckinghamshire.

Joseph Holyman Wagoner, comes to the Talbot in the Strand on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Hitching in Hertfordshire.

John Scearle Carrier, comes to the Swan in St. Johns-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Horsham in Sussex.

Widow Mussel's Wagon comes to the Kings-head in Southwark on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Hemingham.

John Knap's Wagon comes to the Spread-Eagle in Gracechurch-street on Thursday, goes out on Fri∣day.

Harwich

Coach comes to the Sarazens-head within Aldgate on Monday and Thursday, goes out on Tuesday and Friday.

John Newton, belonging to the Pacquet-Boat, comes to the Ipswich Arms in Cullum-street near Fenchurch-street on Monday and Thursday, goes out on Tuesday and Friday.

Hornchurch in Essex.

Thomas Rayman's Wagon comes to the Three Nuns without Aldgate on Tuesday and Thursday, goes out Wednesday and Friday.

John Tiffin's Coach comes to the Three Nuns with∣out Aldgate, in and out every day.

I.

St. Ives in Huntingtonshire.

Thomas Johnson Carrier, comes to the Cross-keys in Whitecross-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Ipswich.

John Richardson's Wagon comes to the Cross-keys in Gracechurch-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

John Richardson, and Henry King Coachmen, come to the same place, in and out every day.

Ingerstone in Essex.

Thomas Stretton's W••gon comes to the Three Nuns without Aldgate on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

K.

Kendall in Westmorland.

Samuel Briggs, Thomas Briggs, Richard Geyn∣wood, John Yeates, come to the White-horse without Cripplegate every week on Thursday, goes out on Fri∣day.

Kempton in Hertfordshire.

Thomas Hynde's Wagon comes to the Bell in Al∣dersgate-street on Monday, goes out on Tuesday.

Kenton in Warwickshire.

William Rickett's Wagon comes to the George in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Kettring in Northamptonshire.

William Simpson's Wagon comes to the Rose in Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Kimbolton in Huntingtonshire.

Nicholas Clark Carrier, comes to the Red Lyon in Aldersgate-street on Tuesday, goes out on Wed∣nesday.

William Jones Carrier, goes to Bedford, Wootton, and Elstow, and comes to the Three Cups in Alders∣gate-street on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Kilworth in Leicestershire.

John Oswin Carrier, comes to the Red Lyon in Aldersgate-street on Saturday, goes out on Monday, once a fortnight.

Kidderminster and Sawbridge in Worcestershire.

Richard Fielder Carrier, comes to the Bear and Ragged-staff in West-Smithfield on Friday, goes out on Saturday.

L.

Lempster in Herefordshire.

Oliver Hacklet, Richard Rogers, come to the White-Swan on Holbourn-bridge on Friday, goes out on Saturday.

Ludlow in Shropshire.

Mr. Miles, Mr. Rogers Carriers, come to the George without Aldersgate on Friday, go out on Saturday.

Louth in Lincolnshire.

Mr. Baxter and Mr. Furnace Carriers, come to the George in Aldersgate-street on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Lyn.

John Payne, Thomas Crispe Coachmen, come to the Green Dragon within Bishopsgate on Saturday, go out on Monday.

Leedes in Yorkshire.

George Browne, John Chester, John Lupton Car∣riers, come to the White-horse without Crippl••gate every week on Wednesday, go out Friday.

Lancaster, Wiggon, Narington, Liverpoole, Bolton, and other Parts in that Countrey.

Richard Abbott, William Abbott, George Glover, John Knowis Carriers, come to the Swan with Two Necks in Lad-lane on Thursday, go out on Friday; one of them every week.

John Greene, Edward Knight, John Scott, Peter Greene Carriers, come to the Castle in Woodstreet every Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Ledbury in Herefordshire.

Thomas James Carrier, comes to the Castle in Woodstreet on Friday, goes out on Saturday, once in a fortnight.

Luton in Bedfordshire.

Mr. Marshal's Coach comes to the Cock in Al∣dersgate-street

on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Leicester.

James Lee, John Swift, Thomas Bass, Thomas Swift Wagoners, come to the Rose in West-Smithfield on Saturday, go out on Monday.

Littleworth in Leicestershire.

William Perkins, Mrs. Elizabeth Pellins Wagon, comes to the Ram in West-Smithfield on Wednes∣day, goes out on Thursday.

Lawford, Rugby, Dunchurch in Warwickshire.

Henry Colledger's Wagon comes to the Bell in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Leachsteed in Oxfordshire.

Edward Varney Carrier, comes to the Bell in Hol∣bourn on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Lincoln, Barton, Stanford, Grantham, and other Parts.

William Clark's Coach comes to the Crown and Coach and Horses in High-Holbourn on Friday and Saturday, goes out on Monday, once a fortnight.

Robert Barnes, Benjamin Broomhead, John New∣comb Carriers, come to the Red Lyon in Aldersgate-street on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Robert Barnes Coach comes to the Three Cups in Aldersgate-street on Friday, goes out on Monday, once a fortnight.

Luton in Bedfordshere.

John Bridgeman Carrier, comes to the Red Lyon in Aldersgate-street on Tuesday and Friday, goes out Wednesday and Saturday.

Loughborough in Leicestershire.

William Henshaw, Matthew Smith Carriers, come to the Red Lyon in Aldersgate-street on Saturday, go out on Monday, in every other week.

Litchfield in Staffordshire.

William Olds Carrier, comes to the Castle in Smith∣field on Saturday, goes out on Monday, once in three weeks.

Lemsted in Buckinghamshire.

Thomas Varney Carrier, comes to the Bear and Ragged-staff in West-Smithfield on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Lewes in Sussex.

Thomas Talbott, Thomas Rawlinson, John Alsop senior, Carriers, come to the Talbot in Southwark on Wednesday, go out on Thursday.

William Aldridge's Wagon comes to the same place in and out the same days.

Linsfield in Surrey.

William Hall, and William Edsol Carriers, come to the Half-Moon in Southwark on Fridays, go out on Saturdays.

Lavenham in Suffolk.

John Poole Carrier, comes to the Cross-Keys in Grace-church-street on Thursday, goes out on Friday▪

Low-Layton in Essex.

Francis Greene Coachman, comes to the Crown without Aldgate in and out every day.

M.

Marlborough.

Mr. Yarrent Carrier, comes to the White Swan on Holbourn-bridge on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Mr. Coleman's and Mr. Perdue's Wagons come to the Rose on Holbourn-bridge on Wednesdays, go out on Thursdays.

Richard Hobb's Coach comes to the Angel on the Back-side of St. Clements on Tuesday, goes out on Thursday.

Manchester.

John Garnett Carrier, comes to Blossoms-Inn in Lawrence-lane on Thursday, goes out on Friday, once in three weeks.

Edward Homes, and John Lease Carriers, come to the same place, in and out the same days.

Mr. Banks, Mr. Ralif, and Mr. Goodyard, come to the Axe in Aldermanbury on Thursday, go out on Friday.

Maxfield, Manchester, Congerton, Leake.

John Beach senior, William Silito, John Beach ju∣nior, come to the Swan with two Necks in Lad-lane every week on Thursday, go out on Friday.

Middlewich, Manchester, Boulton, Knulsford.

Thomas Chantler Carrier, comes to the Axe in Aldermanbury on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Manchester Stopord.

Thomas Banford Carrier, comes to the same place, in and out the same days.

Monmouth.

Robert Long, Thomas Bright Carriers, come to the Cross-Keys in Whitecross-street on Friday, go out on Saturday.

Morlington in Oxfordshire.

Thomas Wescor Carrier, comes to the Sarazens-head in Carter-lane on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Marsh in Buckinghamshire.

Thomas Cole Carrier, comes to the Mermaid in Carter-lane on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Mansfield in Nottinghamshire.

William Hurst, William Lacy Carriers, come to the George in West-Smithfield on Saturday, go out on Monday.

Maidenhead in Berkshire.

Mr. Rider's Coach comes to the Bolt and Tun in Fleet-street on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Melton Mowbray in Leicestershire.

George Whitehead's Wagon comes to the Bell-Savage on Ludgate-hill on Saturday, goes out on Mon∣day.

Malmesbury in Wiltshire.

John Speake Carrier, comes to the Bell in the Strand on Tuesday, goes out on Friday, every three weeks.

Mavill in Sussex.

Anthony Page Carrier, comes to the Kings-head in Southwark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Maidstone in Kent.

Mr. Varnham's Coach comes to the Star on Fish∣street-hill on Monday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday and Saturday.

Malden in Essex.

Mr. Webb's Coach comes to the Blue Boar in White-Chappel on Tuesday and Friday, goes out on Wednesday and Saturday.

His Wagon comes to the same place on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

N.

Newbery.

Henry Gerle's Wagon comes to the Kings-Arms on Holbourn-bridge on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Newport in Buckinghamshire.

John Williamson's Wagon comes to the Bull and Mouth by Aldersgate on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Richard Tom's Wagon comes to the Bell in Al∣dersgate-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Norwich.

Robert Cook's Wagon comes to the Bull within Bishopsgate on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Mr. Philips's Wagon comes to the Green Dragon within Bishopsgate on Saturday, goes out on Mon∣day.

Thomas Southgate's Wagon comes to the Four Swans in Bishopsgate-street on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Roger Hurst's Coach comes to the same place on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday.

Roger Hurst's Wagon comes to the same place on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

John Be••croft's Wagon comes to the Dolphin with∣out Bishopsgate on Wednesday, goes out on Friday.

His Coach comes to the Sarazens-head within Ald∣gate on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, goes out on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.

Newport-Dreyton.

William Chetwood, Thomas Chetwood Carriers, come to Blossoms-Inn in St. Lawrence-lane on Fri∣day, goes out on Saturday.

Mr. Whitchurch and Weem Carriers, come to the same place, in and out the same days, once in three weeks.

Newcastle Ʋnder-line, Litchfield, Stone, Stafford and Coventry.

Thomas, and John Badely Carriers, come to the Swan with two Necks in Lad-lane.

Northampton.

Richard Cooper's Wagon comes to the Rose in West-Smithfield on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

William Smith, and William Brandon's Wagon, comes to the Ram in West-Smithfield on Wednes∣day, goes out on Thursday.

John Ashby Carrier, comes to the same place, in and out the same days.

John and Richard Newcomb's Coach-Wagon, comes to the Bell-Savage on Ludgate-hill on Wed∣nesday, goes out on Thursday.

Nottingham.

John Tuffin's Coach-Wagon comes to the Bell-Sa∣vage on Ludgate-hill on Saturday, goes out on Mon∣day.

Newmarket.

Nathanael Hooks's Coach and Wagon comes to the Chequer in Holbourn on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Newport in Essex.

A Wagon comes to the Dolphin without Bishops∣gate on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

O.

Oxford.

Mr. Bartlett Carrier, comes to the White Swan ••n Holbourn-bridge on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Mr. Morgan's Wagon comes to the Windmill in Shoe-lane on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Mr. Buy Coachman, comes to the Chequer in Hol∣bourn on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Mr. Thomas Dye's Coach comes to the Crown in Holbourn o•• Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Thomas Jifft's Wagon comes to the Eagle and Child in the Strand over against Somerset-house on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Oldham, Aston Ʋnder-line in Lancashire.

James Barsley Carrier, comes to Blossoms-Inn in Lawrence-lane on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday, once in three weeks.

Ony in Buckinghamshire.

John Kent's Wagon comes to the Red Lyon in Red-cross-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Oundell in Northamptonshire.

Faulconer Griffin Carrier, comes to the Ram in Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Onger in Essex.

William Stane's Wagon comes to the Crown with∣out Aldgate on Monday and Thursday, goes out Tues∣day and Friday.

His Coach comes to the same place on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

John Goodibeard Carrier, comes to the White-Bear

in Lime-street ou Tuesday and Friday, goes out on Wednesday and Saturday.

P.

Pool in Dorcetshire.

Robert Buddin's Wagon comes to the Kings-Arms on Holbourn-bridge on Saturday, goes out on Mon∣day.

Peterborough, Spalding, Horn-Castle in North∣amptonshire and Lincolnshire.

William Browning Wagoner, comes to the Cross-Keys in White-cross-street on Monday and Wed∣nesday, goes out Thursday and Saturday.

Pissey in Berkshire.

Thomas and Jane Peacock Carriers, come to the same place on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Potten in Bedfordshire.

John Merriday Carrier, comes to the Red Lyon in Aldersgate-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Papworth.

Robert Wessington's Wagon comes to the Kings-head in Southwark on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Portsmouth.

Roger Goldring's Wagon comes to the White-Hart in Southwark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

His Coach comes to the same place on Friday, goes out on Monday.

Thomas Jaquis Coach comes to the George in Southwark on Friday, goes out on Thursday.

His Wagon comes to the Queens-head in South∣wark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Mr. Battle Carrier, comes to the George in South∣wark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Pettworth in Sussex.

Mr. Startup, Clarke and Roberts Carriers, come to the White-hart in Southwark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Petersfield.

Mr. Jaquis Wagon comes to the Queens-head in Southwark on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

R.

Royston.

Jeremiah Pilgrame comes to the Vine within Bishopsgate on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Rachdale Carrier, Buxton, Basington, and Longnor,

Come to Blossoms-Inn in Lawrence-lane on Wed∣nesday, goes out on Thursday.

Richmond in Yorkshire.

John Chambers, Christopher Burril, Robert Teas∣dil Carriers, come to the White-horse without Crip∣plegate on Saturday, go out on Monday, one of them weekly.

Reading in Berkshire.

Mr. Coats and Mr. Harris's Coach comes to the Bolt and Tun in Fleet-street, in and out every day.

Widow Barnet's Coach comes to the White-horse in Fleet-street, in and out every day.

William Walker's Wagon comes to Gerards-hall in Basing-lane on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Rickmansworth in Hertfordshire.

Bryan Robinson Carrier, comes to the Grey-hound in Holbourn on Monday and Friday, goes out Tues∣day and Saturday.

Rigate in Surrey.

Thomas Woodward's Wagon comes to the Grey-hound in Southwark, in and out every day.

Rumford in Essex.

William Harris and Thomas Beaumont Coach∣men, come to the Red Lyon in White-Chappel, in and out every day.

Rudenhigh in Essex.

William Westcoat Carrier, comes to the White-Bear in Lime-street on Monday and Thursday, goes out on Tuesday and Friday.

S.

Southampton.

Mr. Syms and his Partners Coach, comes to the White-Swan on Holbourn-bridge on Tuesday, Thurs∣day and Saturday, goes out on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.

Robert Waldron's Wagon comes to the Kings-Arms on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Salisbury.

Hugh King's Wagon comes to the Kings••Arms on Holbourn-bridge on Thursday and Saturday, goes out Monday and Friday.

Mr. Mincham and his Partners Coach, comes to the Angel on the Back-side of St. Clements on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, goes out Monday, Wednesday and Friday.

Saffron-Walden.

William Meriday's Coach comes to the Blue-Boar without Aldgate on Monday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday and Saturday.

John Austin's Wagon comes to the Bull within Bishopsgate on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

John Wakefield Carrier, comes to the Vine within Bishopsgate on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Mr. Falmouth's Coach comes to the Blue-Boar without Aldgate on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Sheffield in Yorkshire.

Richard Merchant Carrier, comes to the Castle in Wood-street on Wednesday, goes out on Friday.

Sheffield in Yorkshire, Mansfield and Rotherham.

Jarvis Flyman Carrier, comes to Blossoms-Inn in St. Lawrence-lane on Wednesday, goes out on Friday, once in three weeks.

Shrewsbury, Welch-Poole, Ossestry, and other Parts.

Richard Lloyd, Thomas Lloyd, Nathanael Jones, William Lloyd, Thomas Forster Carriers, come to the Bell in Wood-street on Thursday, go out on Fri∣day.

Shrewsbury, and other Parts adjacent thereto.

John Simonds, George Smith, James Davis Car∣riers, come to the Castle in Wood-street on Thurs∣day, go out on Friday.

Stroud in Glocestershire.

Josiah and George Hewland Carriers, come to the Kings-head in the Old-Change on Thursday, go out on Friday.

Strayton-Harlow in Warwickshire.

Thomas Wescor Carrier, comes to the Sarazens-head in Carter-lane on Wednesd., goes out on Thursd.

Stoke-Haven in Buckinghamshire.

Thomas Taylor Carrier, comes to the Mermaid in Carter-lane on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Strout-Water in Glocestershire.

William Poole, and William Bailey Carriers, come to the same place on Thursday, go out on Friday.

George Holder Carrier, comes to the Three Cups in Bread-street on Thursday, goes out on Friday, once a fortnight.

Lawrence Hewlin Carrier, comes to Gerards-hall in Basing-lane on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Stratford upon Avon in Warwickshire.

Richard Newcomb's Coach-Wagon comes to the Bell-Savage on Ludgate-hill on Wednesday, goes ou•• on Thursday.

Swallowfield in Wiltshire.

Nicholas Pembrook's Wagon comes to the Bull in Holbourn on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Stanmore in Middlesex.

James Allen Coachman, comes to the Blue-Bo•••• in Holbourn, in and out every day in the Summer.

Stoke-Bruen in Northamptonshire.

Daniel Stephens Carrier, comes to the Castle in West-Smithfield on Tuesday, goes out on Wednes∣day.

Stony-Stratford in Buckinghamshire.

Richard Crowch's Wagon comes to the same place on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Sturbridge and Broomsgroove in Worcestershire.

Robert Cole Carrier, comes to the Bear and Rag∣ged-staff in West-Smithfield on Friday, goes out on Saturday.

Stanes.

Henry Barrs Carrier, comes to the Kings-head in Southwark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Shoreham in Sussex.

Thomas Blewman Carrier, comes to the Queens-head in Southwark on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Sunnock in Kent.

Richard Cockett's Wagon comes to the Spur in Southwark on Monday and Thursday, goes out on Tuesday and Friday.

Sydenham.

Richard Clark's Coach comes to the Greyhound in Southwark, in and out every day.

Seare in Surrey.

Mr. Chitty Carrier, comes to the Katherina-wheel in Southwark on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Sudbury.

Francis Dyer's Wagon and Stage-Coach, comes to the Spread-Eagle in Grace-church-street on Thurs∣day, goes out on Friday.

Stow-Market.

Mr. Sidney's VVagon comes to the Pewter-Pot in Leaden-hall-street on VVednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Stanbourne in Essex.

Thomas Fitch Carrier, comes to the Rams-head in Fenchurch-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Stansteed Mountfitchett in Essex.

John, Thomas, and George Peacock Carriers, come to the Rams-head in Fenchurch-street on Monday, go out on Tuesday.

Sawbridge in Herefordshire.

Thomas Browne's Wagon comes to the Nags-head without Aldgate on Tuesday, goes out on Wednes∣day.

T.

Tring in Bedfordshire.

George Meade's Wagon comes to the George on Holbourn-bridge on Tuesday, goes out on Wednes∣day.

Taunton-Deane in Somersetshire.

Philip Bridle, John Powel Wagoners, come to the Cross-Keys within White-cross-street.

Mr. Stone's Wagon comes to the Bell in Wood-street on Friday, goes out on Saturday.

John Booth, Benjamin Fleming Coachmen, come to the Sarazens-head in Friday-street on Monday, go out on Tuesday.

Tociter in Northamptonshire.

John Lymon's Coach-Wagon comes to the Bell-Savage on Ludgate-hill on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Thomas Harris Carrier, comes to the Castle in West-Smithfield on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Texel in Warwickshire.

Thomas Barnes's Wagon comes to the Bell-Savage in Ludgate-hill on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Tamworth in Warwickshire.

Mr. Sedgwick Carrier, comes to the Castle in

West-Smithfield on Saturday, goes out on Monday, once a fortnight.

Thomas Boss's Wagon comes to the Bear and Rag∣ged-staff in West-Smithfield on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Thrapson and Bristock in Northamptonshire.

Richard Stanyon Carrier, comes to the Bear and Ragged-staff in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Tunbridge in Kent.

—Carrier, comes to the White-hart in South∣wark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Nathanael Field Carrier, comes to the Queens-head in Southwark on Tuesday, goes out on Wednes∣day.

Tenderton in Kent.

Francis Holmes Carrier, comes to the Spur in Southwark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Thame in Oxfordshire.

Humphrey Cooke's Wagon comes to the Sarazens-head in Friday-street on Thursday, goes out on Fri∣day.

V.

Ʋpingham and Hookham in Northamptonshire.

Hawkins Bringhurst's Wagon comes to the Bell in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Ʋxbridge.

Henry Landon Coachman, comes to the Bull in Holbourn, in and out every day.

W.

Winchester.

Thomas Waldren's Wagon comes to the Rose 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Holbourn-bridge on Wednesday and Saturday, goe•• out on Monday and Thursday.

Witney in Oxfordshire.

Thomas Hucks Wagoner, comes to the George in Holbourn-bridge on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Richard Chirles Wagon comes to the Cross-Keys in White-cross-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Wing in Buckinghamshire.

Edward Stephens Wagon comes to the George on Holbourn-Bridge on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Watford in Hertfordshire.

Henry Gifford, William Alden Wagoners, come to the George on Holbourn-Bridge on Tuesday, goes out ••n Wednesday.

Wickham in Buckinghamshire.

Mr. Prestley's Caravan comes to the Bull and Mouth by Aldersgate on Monday, goes out on Wed∣nesday.

Elias Lane's Wagon comes to the George in Al∣dersgate-street on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

William Norman comes to the Sarazens-head in Friday-street on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Warrington in Lancashire.

William Wood, Thomas Atherton, John H••lton with Pack-Horses, come to the Castle and Falcon in Aldersgate-street every Thursday, goes out on Fri∣day.

Woolverhampton in Staffordshire.

Mr. Taylor Carrier, comes to the same place in Aldersgate-street every other Friday, goes out the Saturday following.

Wallingford in Berkshire.

Sylvanus Wiggan's Wagon comes to the Bull and Mouth by Aldersgate-street on Tuesday, goes out on Wednesday.

Worcester.

Mrs. Elizabeth Twitty's Coach comes to the Blue Boar in Holbourn on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Richard Roger's Wagon comes to the Bull and Mouth by Aldersgate on Friday, goes out on Satur∣day.

Mary Clare and John Fleet comes to the Bell in Woodstreet on Friday, goes out on Saturday.

John Roberts, John Haurton Wagoners, come to the Castle in Woodstreet on Friday, go out on Sa∣turday.

Wisbich in the Isle of Ely.

John Bond, Thomas Bond Carriers, come to the Bull within Bishopsgate on Thursday, go out on Fri∣day.

Whitchurch in Shropshire.

Humphrey Swanwick Carrier, comes to the Castle in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Walthamstow in Essex.

George Diggs Coachman, comes to the Crown without Aldgate, in and out every day.

Waltham-Ab••y.

John West Coachman, comes to the Green Drago•• within Bishopsgate, every day in the week, and re∣turns again the same day.

Ware.

Robert Heard's Coach comes to the Vine i•• Bishopsgate-street on Monday, Wednesday and Fri∣day, goes out Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Another Coach comes to the Dolphin withou•• Bishopsgate on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, go•••• out Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Weston, Weeden, Toceter.

John Gibbs Carrier, comes to the Bell in West Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Weeden in Northamptonshire.

John Amos, and William Cox Wagoners, come 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Pewter-Platter in St. Johns-street on Thursday goe out on Friday, once a fortnight.

Westchester and Nantwich.

William Perin comes to Blossoms-Inn in St. Law∣rence-lane on Friday, goes out on Saturday.

Westchester, Newport, Dreyton, Rixham, Denby, Ruthen and Nantwich.

Thomas Johnson's two Gangs of Horses comes to Blossom-Inn in St. Lawrence-lane on Friday, goes out on Saturday, once in three weeks.

Richard Hat••on's two Gangs of Horses comes to the same place on Friday, goes out on Saturday, once in three weeks.

Westchester, Wrexham, and Oss-Westry.

George Woolwoon Wagoner, comes to the Pewter-Platter in St. Johns-street on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday, not constantly.

Woolon, Ʋnderidge, Dursely and Nibly in Glocestshire.

William Pierce comes to Blossoms-Inn in Law∣rence-lane on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Robert Bedford senior, comes to the Bear and Rag∣ged-staff in West-Smithfield on Tuesday, goes out 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Wednesday.

Wallingford in Berkshire.

Richard Kerby Carrier, comes to the Bell in Woodstreet on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday. Wells in Somersetshire, and other places thereabouts.

John Proviss, Worthington, Price Carriers, come to the Castle in Woodstreet on Thursday, goes out on Friday.

Warwick.

John Windmill, Anthony Bailey Carriers, come to the Rose in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Mr. Rothwel Carrier, comes to the Bell in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Thomas Wilmotte, Francis Purden, Thomas Ousler, Daniel Swift's Coach-Wagon, comes to the Bell-Savage on Ludgate-hill on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Windsor in Berkshire.

Mr. Bennet's Coach comes to the White-horse in Fleet-street, in and out every day.

Mr. Saunders Coachman, comes to the Bell-Savage on Ludgate-hill, in and out every other day.

Robert Burridge, Samuel Bradford Coachmen, come to the Eagle and Child in the Strand, in and out every day.

Samuel Bennet Coachman, comes to the Kings-head near Charing-cross, in and out every day.

Mr. Hattox, Reader, Neal, and Burt, come to the Chequer-Inn near Charing-cross, in and out every day.

Philip Best's Coach comes to the Unicorn in the Hay-market, in and out every day.

Elias Gliss Coachman, comes to the Crown in the Hay-market, in and out every day.

The same Man comes to the Black-horse near the Mews-gate, in and out every day.

Mr. Burt's Coach comes to the George in Kings-street, Westminster, in and out every day.

Wolverhampton in Staffordshire.

William Woolley's Wagon comes to the Bell-Sa∣vage on Ludgate-hill on Saturday, goes out on Mon∣day.

Watford in Hertfordshire.

John Halsey's Coach comes to the Bull in Hol∣bourn on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Wiltopp in Hampshire.

Mr. Garaway's Wagon comes to the Windmill in Shoe-lane on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Watford in Leicestershire.

William Biggs Carrier, comes to the Castle in West-Smithfield on Wednesday, goes out on Thurs∣day.

Wemington in Leicestershire.

••eorge Goods••n Carrier, comes to the Bear and

Ragged-staff in West-Smithfield on Saturday, goes out on Monday.

Woodford.

Edward Lake Wagoner, comes to the Maiden-head in St. Giles's on Tuesday and Thursday, goes out Wednesday and Friday.

Worcester.

John Winslow, Thomas Winslow••, Flying-Coach, comes to the Kings-head near Charing-cross on Tues∣day, Thursday and Saturday, goes out Monday, Wed∣nesday and Friday.

Woodford in Essex.

John Hinton's Coach comes to the Three Nuns without Aldgate, in and out every day.

Wonsted in Essex.

William Humphrey's Coach comes to the Blue•• Boar witout Aldgate, in and out every day.

Wadhurst in Sussex.

James Reed Carrier, comes to the Queens-head in Southwark on Wednesday, goes out on Thursday.

Weam in Shropshire.

William Chetwood Wagoner, comes to Blossoms-Inn in Lawrence-lane on Friday, goes out on Satur∣day, once in three weeks.

Wittham in Essex.

John Summers Carrier, comes to the Cross-Keys in Grace-church-street on Thursday, goes out on Fri∣day.

Y.

Yarmouth and Norwich.

Mr. Philips Coachman, ••••nes to the Green Dragon within Bishopsgate every Wednesday and Friday, goes out Thursday and Saturday.

York.

Francis Gardner, Margaret Gardner, Henry Mol∣den's Coach, comes to the Black Swan in Holbourn on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, goes out Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

The Rates and Orders for Carmen.

At a General Quarter-Sessions of the Peace holden for the City of London (the 10th of Octob. in the Twenty ninth year of His Majesties Reign, Sir Thomas Davies then Lord Mayor) at Justice-Hall in the Old-Baily, the following Rates and Or∣ders were appointed for Carr-men.

Rates for Carr-men.

• ALL Carr-men Trading or Working with Carrs in the City of London, and Liberties thereof, shall and may demand and take for every Carriage or Load of the Commodities under-mentioned, the Rates hereafter following, that is to say, s. d.
• From any the Wharfs between the Tower and London-Bridge, to Tower-street, Grace-Church-street, Fen-Church-street, Bishopsgate-street within, Cornhill, and places of like di∣stance up the Hill, with 18 Hundred Weight, not exceeding 20 Hundred Weight 2 2
• And being above 20 Hundred Weight, for every Hundred 0 2

In which may be included.

• Two Pun2heons of Prunes, 2 Bales of Mather, 20 Barrels of Figs, 2 Fats of Fusti∣ans, 6 ordinary Sacks of Cotton-Wools of Smyr∣na, and 3 Cyprus Bags, a Butt of Currans, a great Butt of Oyls, 3 Chests of Sugar, 8 Bags of Al••ms, 1 Last of Flax, 1 Last of Hemp, and any other Goods herein not na∣med of the like Weight, for every Load 2 2
• ...

• And for Sea-Coals, 14 pence the Load, every Load to be half a Chaldron; and for one Hundred Fagots the like Rate. 1 2
• And from any the Wharfs aforesaid, to Broad-street, Lothbury, Old Jury, Bassishaw, Coleman-street, Ironmonger-Lane, St. Law∣rence- lane, Milk-street, Aldermanbury, Cheap∣side, Wood-street, Friday-street, Bread-street, and places of like distance, for the like Weight of 18 Hundred, not exceeding 20 Hundred Weight, for the Goods aforesaid, and other Goods herein not named, of the like Weight, for every Lo••d 2 6
• And being above 20 Hundred Weight, for every Hundred 0 2
• And so. Sea-Coals, 16 pence the Load, eve∣ry Load to be half a Chaldron; and for one Hundred Fagots the like Rate 1 4
• Also from any the Wharfs aforesaid, to Smithfield-Ba••s, Holborn-B••••s, Temple-Bar, or any of the Bars on the North-side of the City, and places of like distance up the Hill, with 18 Hundred Weight, not exceeding 20 Hundred Weight, for every Load 3 4
• And going beyond the said places, the parties to agree with the Carr-men.
• Also from any the Wharfs aforesaid, to Tower-street, Bishopsgate within, Cornhill, and others places of like distance up the Hill, with 14 Hundred Weight, not exceeding 18 Hundred Weight. 1 10

In which may be included.

• Twenty pieces of Raisins, a Load of Rai∣sins of the Sun, 6 Bags of Pepper, 6 ordina∣ry Bags of Galls, 3 great Bags of Galls: 6 Bales and Barrels of Indico, 6 Bales of Grogram Yarn. 6 Bales of Turkie Silk, 5 Hogsheads of Cloves, 4 Bales of Callicoes, 3 Hogsheads of

• ... Wines, 2 Chests of Sugar, or any other Goods of the like Weight, 5 Hogsheads of Tobacco, not exceeding 18 Hundred weight 1 10
• Also from any the Wharfs aforesaid, to Broad-street, Lothbury, Old Jury, Bassishaw, Col••man-str••et Ironmonger-Lane, St. Law∣rence-Lane, Milk-street, Aldermanbury, Cheap∣side, Wood-street, Friday-street, Bread-street, and places of the like distance, for any of the said Goods of the same quantity and Weight, for every Load 2 0
• Also from any the W••arfs aforesaid, to Tower-••treet, Grace-Church-street, Fan-Church-street, Bishopsgate-street within, Corn∣hill, and other places of like distance up the Hill, with 8 Hundred Weight, not exceed∣ing 14 Hundred Weight 1 6

In which may be included

• All Bu••s and Pipes of Wine, or a Pipe of Oil, Packs of Canvas, 2 Hogsheads, or 3 Terces, a Fat of Fustians, and all other Goods of the like Bulk and Weight, for eve∣ry Load 1 6
• And from any the Wharfs aforesaid, to Broadstreet, Lothbury, Old Jury, Bassishaw, Coleman-street, Ironmonger-Lane, St. Law∣rence-lane, Milk-street, Aldermanbury, Cheap∣side, Wood-street, Friday-street, and other places of like distance, for any other Goods of like Load or Weight, for every Load 1 8
• Also from London-Bridge-foot, Westward to the Old Swan, Cole Harbor, the 3 Cranes, Queen-hith, Broken Wharf, Paul's Wharf, Puddle Wharf, the Wardrobe, and to all o∣ther places not exceeding the Poultry, Cheap∣side, or Newgate-Market, for 13 Hundred Weight, not exceeding 18 Hundred Weight 1 10
• ...

• And for Sea-Coals, 14 pence the Load, e∣very Load to behalf a Chaldron; and for one Hundred Fagots the like Rate 1 2
• And from all other Wharfs and places be∣tween London-Bridge and Temple-Bar, to the same, and places of like distance, for every Load of Coals 14 pence, every Load to be half a Chaldron; and 100 of Fagots the like Rate 1 2
• And to all places Northwards of the Poul∣try, Cheapside, Newgate-Market, Holborn-Bridge, and Fleet-street, for 14 Hundred Weight, not exceeding 18 Hundred Weight 2 2
• And from Tower-street, Grace-Church-street, Fan-Church-street, Bishopsgate-street within, Cornhill, and other places of like di∣stance, for every Pack of 20 Cloths, for 6 Bales of Cloths and Kerseys, 6 Bales of Pep∣per, 6 Barrels of Indico, 5 Hogsheads of Cloves, and for other Goods not herein mentioned, of like Weight, to the Water-side 1 4
• And from Broad-street, Lothbury, Old Jury, Bassishaw, Coleman-street, Ironmonger-Lane, St. Lawrence-Lane, Milk-street, Alderman∣bury, Cheapside, Wood-street, Friday-street, Bread-street, and other places of like distance, to the Water-side, for the like Weight 1 8

And for places nearer, or of less distance, the par∣ties hiring, and to be hired, are to make Agreement answerable or proportionable to the Rates before∣mentioned.

Orders for Carr-men.

THe Carr-men for the foregoing Rates are to help load and unload their Carrs.

If a Carr-man exact more than these Rates, upon due proof 〈…〉〈…〉 Lord Mayor, or any two Justices of the Peace, he 〈◊〉〈◊〉 suffer Imprisonment for the space of 21 days, without Bail or Mainprise.

If any Merchant, or other person shall refuse to pay a Carr-man for his Hire after these Rates, upon Complaint made by the Carr-man to the President of Christ-Hospital, or any Justice of the Peace, the President or Justice may oblige them to do it.

All Merchants, or others, may chuse what Carr they please, except such as stand for Wharf-work, Tackle-work, Crane-work, Shop and Merchants Houses, which are to be taken in turn.

Every Carr-man standing with his empty Carr next to any Goods to be loaden, shall upon the first de∣mand load the same without bargaining for any o∣ther Wages than the Rates before-mentioned.

If a Merchant, or other person, shall cause a Carr∣man to attend at his House, Shop, Ware-house, or Cellar, with his loaden Carr, above half an hour be∣fore he unloads, (the Carr-man being willing to help unload the same) he shall pay the Carr-man after the rate of Twelve pence for every hour after the first half hour, for his Attendance.

Every Licensed Carr-man is to have a piece of Brass fixed upon his Carr, upon which is to be set a certain Number, which Number (together with the Carr-man's Name) is Registred in a Register kept in Christs Hospital; so that if any Carr-man offends, it is but taking notice of the Number of his Carr, and scarch for that in the said Register, and you will find his Name.

Every Carr-man that shall not conform to these Rules, or Work without a Numbred Piece of Brass fixed on his Carr, may be suspended from his Em∣ployment.

Complaints of the Abuses of Carr-men may be made every Tuesday, at Two of the Clock in the Afternoon, to the Court sitting in Christ-Hospital.

The Rates or FARES of WATERMEN.

As they were set forth by the Lord Mayor, and Court of Aldermen, Sept. 7. 1671.

• Oars. Skul. s. d. s. d.
• FRom London to Limehouse, New-Crane Shadwel-Dock, Bell-wharf, Ratcliff-cross 1 0 0 6
• To Wapping-Dock, Wapping-New, and Wapping Old-Stairs, the Hermitage, Ro∣therhith Church-Stairs, and Rotherhith-Stairs 0 6 0 3
• From St. Olaves to Rotherhith-Church-Stairs, and Rotherhith-Stairs 0 6 0 3
• From Billingsgate and St. Olaves, to St. Sa∣viour's Mill 0 6 0 3
• All the Stairs between London-Bridge and Westminster 0 6 0 3
• From either side above London-Bridge, to Lambeth and Fox-Hall 1 0 0 6
• From White-hall to Lambeth and Fox-hall 0 6 0 3
• From Temple, Dorset, Black-Fryars Stairs, and Pauls-Wharf, to Lambeth 0 8 0 4
• Over the Water directly in the next Skuller, between London-Bridge and Limehouse, or London-Bridge and Fox-Hall 0 0 0 2

OARS.

• Wh. Co•• Fare pany s. d. s. d.
• FRom London to Gravesend 4 6 0 9
• From London to Graise, or Greenhive 4 0 0 8
• From London to Purfleet, or Eriff 3 0 0 6
• From London to Woolwich 2 6 0 4
• From London to Black-Wall 2 0 0 4
• From London to Greenwich or Deptford 1 6 0 3
• From London to Chelse••, Ba••••erse••, Wansor 1 6 0 3
• From London to Put••y, Fulham, Barn-Elms 2 0 0 4

OARS.

• Wh. Com Fare pany d. s. d.
• From London to Hammersmith, Chiswick, Mortlack 2 6 0 6
• From London to Brainford, Thistleworth, Richmond 3 6 0 6
• From London to Twickenham 4 0 0 6
• From London to Kingston 5 0 0 9
• From London to Hampton-Court 6 0 1 0
• From London to Hampton-Town, Sunbury, and Walton 7 0 1 0
• From London to Weybridge and Chertsey 10 0 1 0
• From London to Stanes 12 0 1 0
• From London to Windsor 14 0 2 0

Rates for carrying Goods in the Tilt-Boat, between Gravesend and London.

A Half Firkin, 1 d. a Whole Firkin, 2 d. a Hogs∣head, 2 s. A hundred weight of Cheese, Iron, or any heavy Goods, 4 d. A S••ck of Salt or Corn, 6 d. An ordinary Chest or Trunk, 6 d. An ordinary Ham∣per, 6 d. The Hire of the whole Tilt-Boat, 1 l. 2 s. 6 d. Every single Person in the ordinary passage, 6 d.

What Waterman takes and demands more then these Rates, lies liable to pay Forty Shillings, and suf∣fer half a years Imprisonment.

And if he refuse to carry any Passenger or Goods at these Rates, upon Complaint made to the Lord Mayor 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Court of Aldermen, he shall be suspended from 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Employment for Twelve Months.

An Historical Account of the most Me∣morable Wars, Tumults, Fires, Epi∣demical Diseases, Rarities, Acci∣dents, &c. that have happened in the City of London: Briefly abstracted from Ancient and Modern Writers.

BBcause it may be no less Profitable, more Recreative, and less Tedious, to deliver what is to be treated of in this Chapter, ra∣ther in a Miscellaneous Method, then other∣wise, we shall not tie our selves to observe a strict Pe∣digree and Succession of Time, respecting these things as they lie in order to each other, but yet we shall omit no Account that we find recorded of the respective Seasons when they happened; keeping exactly to the Sense of History, and supplying the Shortness of one by the Fulness of another; paring off Superfluities, and fitting it with Language suitable to our Times, not with respect to Elegancy, but Plainness.

Under the term of Wars, Tumults, &c. we in∣clude all Popular or Military Disorders, in which the City was any way concern'd. And in order to that, I will note by way of Preface▪ some few of the Martial Services perform'd by the City in Ancient Times.

The first Passage I shall produce, shall be out of Polydore Virgil, Printed at Basil, 1534. 147 years ago. He saith thus:—Hoc 〈◊〉〈◊〉 success•• Danus fero∣cior effectus, Londinum, quo 〈…〉〈…〉 Etheldredum se recepisse m••tu•• causa aggrediendum ••••••stituit Itaque, &c. Which in English is to this sence: The Dane be∣ing grown more fierce by the success of his Affairs, resolved to make his Approaches to London, where he

understood that Ethelred had retired; having there∣fore prepared all things necessary for his Expedition, he proceeds to beleaguer the City, and begirt it round; by this perillous Attempt either to terrifie the Enemy, or try their Strength and Courage: On the other side, the Citizens, although somewhat fearing the effect of so great a Storm, yet considering that upon their case depended the General Fate of their Countrey, and that this was the Principal City, defended themselves brave∣ly; some sally out, and others annoy the Besiegers from the Walls, every one in all places striving to excel others in Bravery of Courage, and Gallantry of Acti∣on: At last, though the Danes gave many stout and sharp Assaults, yet the Valiant Londoners in Defence of their King, notwithstanding the peril of such an Enterprize, gather into a Body, and set open the Gates, and ran upon the Enemy with great Fury and Courage. But the Dane, whilst he encourages his men, and was striving to compleat the Victory, which he thought he was almost in possession of, is incompassed and beset on all sides, and his men slain in great numbers, yet he breaks out through his Enemies Weapons, and with the residue of his before huge, but now Routed Army, (marching night and day) arrives at Bath in two days &c. So far he. This happened almost sixty years? before the Conquest, in the days of Ethelred, King Sweyne being then King of Denmark.

After the death of this Sweyne, his Son Canutus, af∣terwards King of England, besieged London both by Land and Water, but after much dangerous labour, judging it impregnable by the obstinate Valour of the Defendants, he departed, but returned with greater Forces the same year, and besieged the City again; but the Citizens behaved themselves so gallantly, and de∣stroyed so many of his Souldiers, that he was forced to betake himself to a shameful flight.

In the dissention between King Edward the Co••∣fessor, and his Father-in-law Earl Godwyn, (which was

the mightiest Subject within this Realm) the Earl with great Army came to London, yet was by the Citizens resisted, till by means of the Nobility they were re∣conciled.

Seventy years after the Conquest, Maud the Em∣press made War upon King Stephen for the Right of the Crown, and had taken his Person Prisoner, but by the Strength of the Londoners and Kentish-men, she was routed at Winchester, and her Brother Robert Earl of Glocester was taken, in exchange for whom King Stephen was delivered.

In the year 1383, (but Polidore Virgil says Anno 1581.) about 4 R. II. and 298 years ago, there fell out an Accident which created much disturbance in the Kingdom, and particularly in London, occasioned (as I find Recorded in several Chronicles) through the Rudeness of a Poll-money Collector, who coming into the house of one John Tyler at Deptford in Kent, de∣manded of his Wife Poll-money for her Husband, her Self, their Servants, and Daughter; the Woman al∣ledges, that the Daughter was not of Age to pay: The rude Fellow said he would try that, and by force immodestly turns up her Coats, (having in several places, as was reported, used the same trial) the Mo∣ther makes an Out-cry, and Neighbours run in; her Husband being at work hard by, and hearing the noise, comes in with his Lathing-Staff in his hand (for he was a Tyler) with which (after he had reasoned a while with the Collector, who gave him provoking Language, and strook at him) he knock'd his Brains out; and making his Appeal to the People, who were apt to receive any occasion of Tumult, he so incen∣sed them, with the help of a Factious Clergy-man, one John Ball, that the Commons from divers parts drew together; and whether beginning in Kent or Essex, they drew into their Faction the Commons of Sussex, Hertfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Suffolk, Nor∣folk, and other Shires, and apprehending all Passen∣gers,

made them swear to be true to K. Richard, and never to receive any King that should be called John, which they did, for the Envy they bore to John Duke of Lancaster. Thus their Number still increased, that by that time they were come so far as Black-Heath, they were esteemed to be One hundred thousand. They took upon them to cut off the Heads of all that professed the Law, Justices of the Peace, the Countrey Jarors, and any person that they thought to be learned; especially if they found any to have Pen and Ink, they pull'd off his Hood, and with one voice cry'd, Hale him out, and cut off his Head; and it was immediately done.

They resolved to burn all Court-Rolls and Records, with all old Monuments. Their Chaplain, John Ball, a wicked Priest, advised them to destroy all the No∣bility and Clergy, so that there should be no Bishop in England but one Archbishop, which should be himself; and that there should not be above two Religious persons in one house, but that their Possessions should be divided among the Laity, for which Do∣ctrine they held him as a Prophet. The King was at this time at Windsor, but removed, in all haste to the Tower of London, to whom repaired the Archbishop of Canterbury Chancellor, the Bishop of London, the Prior of St. John Treasurer, the Earls of Buckingham, Kent, Arundel, Warwick, Suffolk, Oxford, and Sa∣lisbury, and others of the Nobility and Gentlemen, to the number of 600. The Commons of Essex came on the other part of the River Thames. From Black-Heath the Kentish Rebels came to Southwark, and broke open the Prisons of the Marshalsea, and the Kings-Bench, with other Prisons, and let out the Pri∣soners. The Essex Rebels spoiled the Archbishop's house at Lambeth, and burnt all the Goods, with the Books, Registers, and Remembrances of the Chan∣cery, with several other Outrages. Then they came to London over the Bridge, and sent for one Richard

Lyon a grave Citizen, who had been Tyler's Master, and struck off his Head, carrying it upon a Pole in Triumph before them. The next day they came to the Savoy, the Duke of Lancaster's House, which they set on Fire, burning all the rich Furniture, breaking in pieces Plate and Jewels, to an extraordinary value, and then throwing them into the Thames, saying, They were men of Justice, and would not, like Rob∣bers, enrich themselves with any mans Goods. And when one of their Fellows was seen to convey a fair piece of Plate into his bosom, they took him, and threw him and that into the Fire. Thirty two of them were got into the Dukes Wine-Cellar, where they stay'd Drinking so long that they were not able to come out in time, but were shut in with Wood and Stones that immur'd up the Door; they were heard to cry seven days after, and then perished.

From the Savoy they went to the Temple, where they burnt the Lawyers Lodgings, with their Books and Writings and all they could lay hands on. They broke up the Fleet Prison, and let the Prisoners go where they would. The like they did at Newgate; and made a most dreadful havock up and down. The house of St. Johns by Smithfield they set on fire, so that it burnt seven days together.

After this they came to the Tower, where the King was then lodged: And though he had, at that time, 600 armed Men, and 600 Archers about him, yet he durst not but suffer them to enter, where they abused the King's Mother in a rude manner, offering to kiss her, &c. that she fell into a Swoon. And finding in the place Simon Theobald Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Chancellor, and Sir Robert Hale Prior of St. John and Lord Treasurer, and one Richard a Car∣melite Monk the King's Confessor, these they led to Tower-hill, and there most cruelly cut off their heads, as they served divers others.

Indeed Polidore Virgil writes, That the Rebels

were not at all in the Tower, but that the King sent these three men to appease them, hoping that they would not offer to abuse such eminent Clergy-men: For (saith he) Si vulgus it a concitatus turrem ex∣pugnasset, non eos utique tres duntaxat, uti credere par est, sed & Regem & relquos ommes, quos impri∣mis ad supplicium petebat, interfecisset; that is, If the enraged Common People had taken the Tower by force, they would, in all probability, destroy not only those three, but the King also, and all the rest, whom first of all they demanded to be deliver'd to them ••or punishment.

They drew Thirteen Flemings out of Austin-Fryers, and Beheaded them in the Streets. Seventeen more out of another Church. And Thirty two out of the Vintry, and several out of their own, or o∣thers, whom they Beheaded; yet after all these bar∣barous and bloody Outrages, the King proclaimed Pardon to all such as would lay down Arms, and go quietly home; which the Essex men did, but the Kentish men continued still with their Captain Wat-Tyler of Maidstone, a crafty Fellow, of an acute wit, but very graceless; Polidore Virgil says, He was Manibus promptus, ac Consiliis praeceps, of a ready hand, and hasty or precipitate in counsel. To this Ringleader of Mischief, the King sent Sir John Newton, to understand what his meaning was; Wat Tyler was offended, because he came on Horse-back, telling him, It became him to alight from his Horse in his presence, and therewith drew out his Dagger to strike him. The King perceiving this Noble Knight to be in danger, to qualifie the severity of Wat for a time, commanded Sir John to alight, which did not pacifie, but made Wat the more insolent, and would have the King's Sword, which Sir John carried, offer∣ing again to assault him. But the Lord Mayor of Lon∣don, William Walworth, with other Persons of Qua∣lity, being just come, affirm'd it to be an unheard-of

Indignity, and a most intolerable Disgrace, if the King should suffer so Noble a Knight to be basely murdered in his presence. Upon which the King commanded the Lord Mayor to arrest him, who did it to purpose; for being a man of an invincible Courage, and a brave Mind, he regarded not the ha∣zard that probably would follow, his attacking that Darling, and Leader of a Rude, Numerous, and Re∣bellious Rabble, but prefer'd his Duty to his King and Countrey, and the Generosity of rescuing an abused Gentleman, even before life. I insert this, as a Re∣mark due to this brave and memorable Action, which deserves never to be forgotten.

The Mayor immediately rides up to Wat, and Ar∣rests him with such a salutation of his Mace on his head, that he tumbles him down, and then he was by some of the King's Servants (some say, by John Ca∣vendish Esq) run through in several places, many persons encompassing him, so as that he could not be seen by his Plebeian Army, and then caus'd his dead Body to be drawn into St. Bartholomews Hospital. But the Commons perceiving it, they cry'd, Their Captain was slain, and animated each other to re∣venge: Upon which the King, though not above 15 years of age, was so Couragious as to ride up to them, telling them, That now their Leader was dead, he would be their Leader himself; and if they would follow him into the Fields, they should have whatso∣ever they desired.

In the mean time the Lord Mayor, Walworth, with one Servant, Rides speedily into the City, and raised One thousand armed Men, where meeting Sir Robert Knolls, a Citizen, by accident, got him to be their Leader, who coming into the Field where the Rebels were, so daunted them, that throwing down their weapons, they cry'd for mercy: so that it was a won∣derful thing to see how suddenly Fear overtook Pre∣sumption, and how quickly terms of the most servile

Submission, succeeded their insolent Brags, viz. That they had the King's life in their power, &c. and what else they would do.

On the other side 'twas as strange, to see how quickly Boldness surprized Fear in those about the King; for a little before, they trembled at the sight of the Rebels, but now they are mad to be at them, which the King would not suffer, but commanded the Charter they had demanded to be scaled, and delivered to them, because these Commotions might have the speedier End, for the Commons in other places, were not yet quiet, and the King thought it more prudent rather to pacifie, than provoke them. The Rabble being dispersed, the King called for the Mayor, and Knighted him in the Field, as also five Aldermen his Brethren, viz. Nicholas Brember, John Philpot, Robert Lawnd, John Standish, Nicholas Twy∣ford, and Adam Francis. Some affirm, that the Dag∣ger was added to the City Arms for this Reason, but Antiquaries make out, that this Coat, with the Sword of St. Paul (not a Dagger) belonged to the City long before this hapned.

The Mayor of London, after this, sate in Judg∣ment upon Offenders, where many were found Guil∣ty, and were Executed; amongst others, Jack Straw, John Kirby, Alane Tredder, and John Sterling, who gloried that he slew the Archbishop. Sir Robert Tresilian, the Chief Justice, was appointed to sit in Judgment against the Offenders, before whom above 1500 were found Guilty, and in several places put to Death, amongst whom was John Ball the Priest, their Incendiary. And thus ended that dangerous Rebel∣lion.

About the Year 1450. 29 H. 6. there was another Insurrection in Kent, headed by one Jack Cade, who stiled himself John Mortimer, Captain Mend-all. He marches with a small, but well-order'd Number to Black-Heath, where he lay about a Month, exercising

his Men, and in the mean time presents several Com∣plaints to the King and Parliament of various Grie∣vances and Oppressions, but they were judged too in∣solent, and therefore rejected. The Privy Council sollicit the King to suppress this Rebellion by force of Arms, who thereupon draws his Army to Green∣wich, and appointed divers Lords to assail the Rebels; but the Lords could get no Followers to fight against them, who sought only for reformation of Abuses, and for punishment of such Traytors as the Lord Say, the King's Chamberlain was. Whereupon the Lord Say was committed to the Tower, the King and Queen retire to London, from thence, within two days, the King (being now 15000 strong) marches in person towards Captain Mend-all, who, politick∣ly, withdraws his Forces to Sevenoke-wood: Upon no∣tice whereof, the King retireth again to London, but the Queen, longing for dispatch, sends the two Staf∣fords, Sir Humphrey and William, with many Hot∣spurs in the Court, to follow the Rebels, who were soon cooled; for they found Captain Mend-all in good order ready to receive them, and in the first Encounter slew Sir Humphrey, and afterwards his Brother, with many others, and put all the rest to flight.

The King's Forces being at Black-Heath, could neither by Threats not Intreaties be gotten to rescue them, but rather wished the Queen and her Favou∣rites in the Staffords Case, or that the Duke of York were in England to aid his Cousin Mortimer, (now first acknowledged to be of his Kindred) and many of them stole away to the Rebels, whose Number from ••••ssex and Surrey daily increased, whom yet thei•• Captain restrained from all outrageous actions, 〈…〉〈…〉 with them to Black-Heath, where the King's Army lay the Night before, but now was fal∣len down to Greenwich.

Then was the Archbishop of Canterbury and the

Dake of Buckingham sent to expostulate with the Rebels about their Demands; to whom Jack Cade gave very good language, but said directly, That he would yield to no Cessation of Arms, unless the King in person would hear the Grievances of his Subjects, and pass his Princely Word for the Reformation of their Wrongs.

This Resolution of his being made known to the King, who had no assurance of his own Soldiers, made him march presently to Killingworth Castle in Warwickshire, which he fortified. Cade marches to Southwark, commanding his men to commit no Outrage, and not to wrong any person, which they obey'd.

The next morning he marches to London-bridge, and so into the City by London-stone, where he struck his Sword, saying, Now is Mortimer Lord of Lon∣don. He then commands all Lombards, Merchant-Strangers, Genoeses, Venetians, Florentines, and others, to send him 12 Harnesses complete, 24 Brigandines, 12 Battle-Axes, 12 Glaves, six Horses completely fur∣nished with Saddles and Bridles, &c. and 1000 Marks ready money, or he would cut off the Heads of as many of them as he could catch: All which was immediately sent him.

The next day he causes the Lord Say's Head to be cut off in Cheapside, as also his Son-in-laws, Sir James Cromer, High-Sheriff of Kent, uext day he causes some of his Fellows to be Executed for some Disor∣ders against his Proclamation, fined Persons at plea∣sure, and beheaded others. But the Citizens finding his Insolency to increase intolerably, with a select Party encounter them on the Bridge, through whom Cade sorced his passage, and fired several Houses. In this Bickering several persons were slain, and in a little time the Citizens, by the aid of fresh Supplies, recover'd the Bridge again, and drove the Rebels be∣yond a place, then called the Stoop in Southwark

Cade set all Prisoners in the Prisons there at Liberty, as well Felons as Debtors. But the generality of the Rebels grew weary, so that upon notice of the King's Proclamation, and assurance of Pardon, they dropt away to their several Habitations. Cade after∣wards attempting to raise New Troubles, was (because he resisted when he was to be apprehended) kill'd by one Mr. Alexander Eden, a Kentish Gentleman, his Body was brought to London, where he was quar∣tered, and his Head set upon London-bridge. Of 800 of these Rebels that were found Guilty, eight only were Executed.

The Story of Evil-May-Day, Anno 1517, 9 H. 8. is so remarkable, that old men, formerly, were wont to reckon their Age from that day. The occasion was briefly thus. Several Artificers of Foreign Parts repaired to London, which disgusted the multitude, who complaiued, That their Selling of Wares, and Exercising of Handicrafts, impoverished the Kings own Subjects, and were born out of England, and that they had offered many great Insolencies and Wrongs to the English, particularly one Williamson, a Car∣penter of London, bought two Pidgeons in Cheap∣side, and as he was about to pay for them, a French∣man snatcht them out of his hand, saying, They were no meat for a Carpenter. This begat a Con∣test, and by the French Ambassador's means, who aggravated the matter, the Carpenter was imprison'd, &c. These, and such like Insolencies, provoked one John Lincoln to draw them up in Form of a Bill, and persuaded Dr. Beale on Easter Tuesday, at the Spittle to read it openly in the Pulpit, which occasion'd these Foreigners to be very severely handled, and oftentimes knockt down in the streets.

At last, one Evening, many Prentices and others assembling, rifled some Strangers houses, and much mischief was like to be done, but by the care of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, &c, many of ehe Rio∣ters

were committed to Prison, whereof Lincoln, and twelve others, were hanged; 400 more in their Shirts bound with Ropes, and Halters about their Necks, were carried to VVestminster, but crying Mercy, Mercy, were all pardoned by the King, which Cle∣mency got him much Love.

To describe all the particular tumultuous Disor∣ders of Apprentices, and others, would swell this Ma∣nual too much; and I would rather they should be forgotten, than any more be brought into Example, and therefore, at present, they are omitted.

In the Year 1629. 5 Car. 1. about the month of July, there hapned a great Fray in Fleet-street, upon the Rescue of one Captain Bellingham, an Officer in the Expedition to the Isle of Rhee, which was at∣tempted by some Students in the Temple, wherein some were hurt, and some carried to Prison; but this drew together many of the Gentlemen to rescue the Prisoner, who made a Barricade against St. Dunstans Church, and beat back the Sheriffs Officers, and re∣leased their Friends; of which the Lord Mayor be∣ing inform'd, he and the Sheriffs, with some of the Trained-B••nds, came thither to keep the Peace, and disperse the Causers of the Tumult who were increa∣sed by that time to the Number of 500, and armed with Swords and Pistols. The Lord Mayor made Proclamation That on pain of Rebe••lion they should dissolve themselves but prevail'd not. He then try'd other means, and the Soldiers fired their Mu••que•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 them Charged wit•• Powder onely, but the Gentle∣men provoked at this, shot Bullets, and very furiously attaqued the Trained-Bands, killed five outright, and wounded near One hundred; yet the City Soldiers were so reinforced, that in the end the Gentlemen were subdued, and one Ashhurst and Stamford, two Captains, with some others, were taken and commit∣ted. The King was much offended at the Uproar, and immediately sent for the Lord Chief-Justice, by

whose advice a special Commission of Oyer and Ter∣miner was issued out, and about a Fortnight after the Malefactors were Arraigned at the Guildhall of Lon∣don, and Ashhurst and Stamford being found guilty of Murder, were Condemned and Executed at Tyburn. Much more may be said of these Tumults, but for necessary Reasons it is reserved to another place.

In the Relation of FIRES we shall only give a brief account of the most remarkable.

In the time of King H. 1. All the Buildings from Cheapside to Aldgate, which was a large Tract, was consumed by a dreadful Fire. Some of the Fires on London-Bridge we have already mentioned.—In the Year 1212, on the 10th of July, at night, there hap∣ning a great Fire in Southwark, a great Multitude of People going over the Bridge to see it, or help to quench it; on a sudden by blowing of the South Wind, the North part of the Bridge was set on fire, upon which the People on the Bridge would have returned, but could not; and it hapned that while they lingred too long, the South end of the Bridge took sire also, so that the People thronging between the two Fires, expected nothing but present Death. Then there came to aid them several Ships and Ves∣••els, into which the Multitude so un advisedly rushed, that the Vessels were thereby sunk, or were overset; 〈◊〉〈◊〉 that by Fire and Water, there perished above 3000 persons. In the Year 1633, about Midnight, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 third part of the Houses on the Bridge were con∣sumed by a great Fire, to the Number of 42 Hou∣ses, with a great part of the Wares, Goods, and rich Furniture in them, before eight a Clock next Morn∣ing, and the Fire remained glowing and burning for a Week after in their Vaults and Cellars. Many Fires there were that damaged St. Pauls-Church, In the Conquerors time, Anno 1087, it was quite con∣sumed, together with the greatest part of the City,— This Fire is recorded to begin at the entry of 〈1 page duplicate〉〈1 page duplicate〉

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the West-gate, and consumed the East-gate.

June the 4th, 1561, between three and four in the afternoon, the great Spire of the Steeple of St. Paul's was fired by Lightning, which broke forth two or three yards beneath the foot of the Cross, and from thence it burnt downward, so that in four hours the Steeple with all the Roof of the Church was de∣stroyed. To repair which, Queen Elizabeth imme∣diately gave 1000 Marks, and a Warrant for 1000 Loads of Timber to be taken out of her Woods, or elsewhere, &c.

In the 27 E. 1. The Palace at Westminster and the Monastery adjoyning were consumed with fire. It would be endless to give a particular account of all the Fires by which this famous City suffered from time to time, especially of late years, which being so fresh in Memory, and so fully set forth in Narratives, I shall at present for bear to transcribe; as the Fires at Waping, Limehouse, Shadwell, the Temple, the great Fire that lately hapned in Southwark, Wednesday night the 8th of this instant June, the former great Fire that consumed several 100 Houses in the said Borough, but are now very gallantly rebuilt, &c. And for an Instance of all, we will give a brief and par∣ticular account of that Dreadful FIRE in Anno 1666, which laid the City in Ashes, and did (almost) in∣credible mischief.

The City of LONDON within the Walls is seat∣ed upon abont 460 Acres of Ground, whereon was bilt about 15000 Houses, the Fire destroyed 373 Acres within the Walls of the City, and 63 Acres 3 Roods without the Walls; There were burnt 13200 Houses, 87 Parish-Churches, six Chappels, most of the principal publick Edifices, as the great Cathedral, the great Guild-Hall, the Royal-Exchange, the Cu∣stom-House, most of the stately Halls of Companies, whereof the whole Damage is (almost) incredible.

It was observed, as judicious Stationers compu∣ted, that in that one Commodity of Books was lost 150000 l. and the loss in other cumbersome Goods, as Wines, Tobacco, Sugars, Plumbs. &c. was extra ordinary, insomuch that one Person, Sir Robert Jeffe∣ry, Alderman, now living, lost of Tobacco to the value of 20000 l.

It hath been computed by an Ingenious person, that the 13200 Houses burnt, valued one with ano∣ther at no more than 25 l. yearly Rent, and at the low rate of 12 years purchase, will amount to 3900000 l. Sterlin. The 87 Churches, the spacious Cathedral of St. Pauls, the 6 Chappels, the Exchange, Custom-House, Guild-Hall, the magnificent Halls of Compa∣nies, the several principal City-Gates, with other publick Edifices and Colledges, may be well valued a∣bove 2000000 l. The Wares, Houshold-Goods, Mo∣neys lost, and spoiled by the Fire, or pilfered away by those wicked wretches that made their gain of the Common Calamity, may modestly be computed above 2000000 l. The Money spent on a General removing of Goods, during the Fire, and bringing them back afterwards, in the hire of Boats, Carts, and Porters, may be rec∣koned at least 2000000 l. the Total whereof 9900000 l. Sterlin.

This Dreadful FIRE began upon the Second of September, at two of the Clock in the Morning (be∣ing the Lords-Day) and lasted till Thursday follow∣ing, being the sixth of the same Month, it brok••∣out in Pudding-lane, near London-Bridge, at one Fariner, a Baker's House, and spread it self, besides breadth, from almost Tower-hill to St. Dunstans-Church, near Temple-Bar, in Fleet-street.

The Consternation of all persons was extraordina∣ry, (and no Wonder) for, that Raging and Masterless Element did more mischief in a matter of four days ••ime, than three or four Armies unresisted could ha•••• easily done in twice the time.

Some Men were forced to pay 5 l. 10 l. 20 l. 30 l. for a Cart to carry away into the Field some choice Goods; and certainly they had little Conscience that exacted so much. He that would more largely pe∣ruse every Days progress,—let him peruse Mr. Vin∣cent's excellent Book, Intituled, Gods terrible Voice to the City, Printed, 1671, page 46.

Who were the Authors, Contrivers and Promo∣ters of this prodigious Conflagration, may be read at large in Capt. William Bedloes Narrative of it, Print∣ed Anno 1679. to which I am forced to refer my Reader, only shall transcribe a few things, which he particularly advertises the Citizens to take notice of,

First, The Ways taken by Papists to begin and promote FIRES.

1. BY Fire-Balls put in with Poles or otherwise through holes, or open places into Houses; as at Mr. Fariner's House, which began the great Fire.

2. By hard Fire-Balls thrown through Glass-Win∣dows, as at the Smiths in Black-Fryars.

3. By flinging the said Balls, or other Combusti∣ble matter fired, into Cellars, through the Bars on Grates, where they are left without Shutters, as a•• the Oly-mans in Southwark.

4. By firing their own Lodgings, as the French∣man did in Shoo-lane, in the time of the great Fire and likewise the two Peters near Saffron-hill.

5. By hiring Cellars in dangerous places, ••illing them with Combustibles, and then firing them, which (Mr. Bedlow says) was a course they much advise him to.

6. By firing Hay-lofts, as in Smithfield.

7. By strangers feigning Eirands, as in the Tem∣ple.

8. By untyling Houses, breaking Windows, &c. and there putting in their Combustibles.

9. By getting into empty Houses and setting them on fire, as in Budge-row, 1670.

10 By creeping into Back-yards, and firing stacks of Bavins, Reed, &c. as at Lime-House.

11. By going into Victualling-Houses and leav∣ing behind them Trains for firing, as at the Cooks in Fetter-lane, and in Southwark.

12. By Con••ederate Servants, as lately at the At∣torneys in the same Lane.

Secondly. Their Instructions are

1. TO do it in Select places, amongst old Build∣ings, and where Engines cannot play.

2. To Fire the Water-Houses, and get the New∣river-water stopt, if they can for that time, near that place.

3. To have some of their chief Friends thereabouts, that may misadvise great persons, that they may blow up Houses where it is not necessary, or where rather it will do harm by opening a passage for the fire.

4. To have some of their active Instruments, who under pretence of helping may scatter Fire-halls in contiguous Houses, and break down the Windows, Roof, &c. to let in the fire more easily.

5. To have others attending that shall cry out a∣gainst French and Papists, and mightily pitty the People, thereby getting to be trusted with remo∣ving of Goods, and so to plunder and steal, or if they find an opportunity to fire Houses at a di∣stance.

6. Curiously to observe Wind and Tide, in all attempts, as likewise Frosts and very dry times, and chuse Sundays for doing the business, because then there is least Water.

Now whether those wicked Incendiaries have ob∣served these Rules in that monstrous and execrable villany before recited, is left at the Tribunal of the Readers Impartial Judgment, who may consider the Circumstances following, of which they (viz. the Papists) made a fatal use.

1. It was the dead time of the night, or rather a little before two in the Morning, when all persons gave themselves to their repose, and were in a dead ••leep.

2. The Dead time of the Week, being Saturday night, when Traders were retired to their Country-Houses, and none but Maid-servants or Apprentices to look after their Houses.

3. The Dead time of the Year, being then the long Vacation, when Tradesmen were generally in the Country to fetch in their Debts.

4. The Closeness of the Buildings there facilita∣ted the progress of the Fire, and hindred the playing of Engines.

5. The Houses were generally Wooden, or built of old Timber.

6. A very dry preceding Summer made the Tim∣ber very apt to take Fire.

7. In those parts were the greatest Magazines and Store-houses of the City, of Oyls, Pitch, Tar, Rosin, Wax, Butter, Brimstrne, Hemp, Cordage, Cheese, Wine, Brandy, Sugars, &c.

8. An Easterly Wind, continued long before, and then blew strongly, a fatal help to spread the Fire Westward.

9. The Thames-Water-Tower was immediately burnt down, being near the place where the fire be∣gan, so that they could not be supplyed with Waters that way.

To conclude, The same several Testimonies and Depositions taken by a Committtee appointed for that purpose by the House of Commons Tuesday 25 Sept. 1666. viz. That this was acted by a Hel∣lish Combinat••on of Papists, evidenced by the words of Papists before the Fire, by their actual flinging of Fire-balls, &c. and otherwise promoting the In∣cendium during the Fire, many of which were catch∣ed in the Fact, but conveyed away by some of their Friends, under pretence to secure them.—The free Confession of the French-man, Robert Hubert, who was hang'd for it, and the Witness of Capt. Bedloe, and others, who have made out that they were con∣cern'd in it; I say all these are enough to satisfie any that will not wink himself blind, that London was burnt by Romish Fire-balls, (which they were wont to call Tewxsbury Mustard-balls) thrown by Romish hands.

But Renowned LONDON, notwithstanding those vast losses, and the Devouring-Plague the Year be∣fore, and the chargeable War we had then against three powerful Neighbour Nations, lay not long in Rubbish, but began Phenix-like to revive out of the ashes of its consumed Predecessor.

This dismal Calamity gave His Majesty a sad oppor∣tunity of exercising hs Compassion and Care towards many distressed Families, who lay in the open Fields. His Majesty therefore issued Proclamations to Justi∣ces of the Peace for causing Provisions to be sent in∣to the Markets, and ordered his Sea-store to be o∣pened for a present supply of Bread in Ship-Bisket, &c.

The King passed an Act of Parliament for esta∣blishing a Judicature, to take Cognizance of; and Determine all Differences that might arise among parties concerning burnt or Demollished Houses. And by Act of Parliament there was a New-Mo∣del of Building appointed, which may be worth the

Readers perusal; It was past, Anno 1666. 19 Car. 2. See Kebles Statutes at large, p. 1327, to 1335. but 'tis too large to be transcribed.

Pur••uant to this Act, the Citizens betook them∣selves chearfully to Rebuild, and in four years time they erected in the same Streets 10000 Houses, and laid out for the same 3000000 of pounds Sterl. count∣ing but 300 l. a House, one with another, besides several large Hospitals, divers very stately Halls; 19 fair solid Stone Churches, that did cost above 100000 l. were all at the same time erecting, and soon after finished; And since that time they have gone on Chearfully to Rebuild, so that there is hardly a va∣cant place in the City; except such as are designed for other uses than Dwelling-Houses.

And as if the Fire had only purged the City, the Buildings are become infinitely more Beautiful, more Commodious, and more Solid (the three main Ver∣tues of all Edifices) then before; Nay, as if the Ci∣tizens had not been any was impoverished, but ra∣ther enricht by that huge Conflagration, they may be said to be even rather excessive than otherwise in their Expences upon the stately Italian Faciata's or Fronts of their New Houses, Churches, and Halls, many of excellent Portland-stone, upon their richly adorn'd Shops, Chambers, Balconies, Signs, Portals, &c. The publick Halls which are so magnificent and richly adorn'd, with excellent and Curious Ar∣chitecture, Carved Work in Stone and Wood, with Pictures and Wainscot, not only of Firr and Oak, but some with sweet-smelling Cedar—The Churches beautified with excellent various Towers, and Fronts of true Roman Architecture. They have made their Streets much more large and streight, paved on each∣side with smooth-hewen-stone, and guarded the same with many Massy Posts for the benefit of Foot Passeugers; and whereas before they dwelt in low, dark Wooden Houses, they now live in lofty, light∣some,

uniform, and very stately Brick-buildings,— A great number of the Halls, stately Taverns, and magnificent Houses of Merchants and other Weal∣thy Citizens, being fit to receive the greatest Mo∣narch in Europe, with a brave Train, at an Entertain∣ment.

Abundance of these are built backwards, for the advantage of Trade and Shop-keepers which are to∣wards the Street, whereas if they were (as is usual in Italy and elsewhere) built towards the great and principal streets, no City in the whole World could go beyond it for beauty and magnificence.

Near the Bridge of London, where this Dreadful Fire began, is now erected (as was ordered by Act of Parliament,) a Pillar in perpetual Memory of that great Incendium. It is of the Dorick Order, 175 Foot high from the Superficies of the Ground, and 15 Foot Diameter, all of solid Portland-stone, with a fair Stair-case in the middle, of black Marble, and a large Iron Balcony at the top,—from whence a man may have a gallant prospect of all the City and Country, this is commonly called the MONƲ∣MENT, the Pedestal is likewise all of Portland-stone, and is 21 Foot square, and 40 Foot high, Carved with most exquisite and significant resemblances, or figures to the Street-side, and on the other sides it bears these Inscriptions, carv'd in large Letters.

Anno Christi MDCLXVI Die IV Nonas Sep∣tembris. Hinc in orientem, pedum CCII interval∣lo (quae est hujusce Columnae Altitudo) Erupit de media nocte incendium, quod vento spirante hausit etiam longinqua, & partes per omnes populabundum ferebatur cum impetu & fragore incredibili XXCIX Templa, Portas, Praetorium, Aedes publicas Ptocho∣trophia, Scholas Bibliothecas, Insularum magnum Numerum, Domuum CM•• 00 00 00 CC, vi∣cos CD absumpsit. De XXVI Regionibus XV

funditus Delevit, alias VIII laceras & semiustas re∣liquit. Ʋrbis Cadaver ad CDXXXVI jugerae (hinc ab aree per Tamisis ripam ad Templariorum Fanum, illinc ab Euro Aquilonali porta secundum Muros ad Fossae Fletanae Caput) porrexit; adversus opes Civium & fortunas infestum, erga vitas inno∣cuum: Ʋt per omnia referret, supremam illam mun∣di exustionem.

Velox Clades fuit; exiguum tempus eandem vidit Civitatem florentissimam & nullam.

Tertio Die, cum jam plane evicerat humana Con∣silia & subsidia omnia, Caelitus ut par est credere, Jussus stetit fatalis ignis & quaquaversum elan∣guit.

On another side.

CAROLO II C. Mart. F. Mag. Brit. Fran. & Hib. Rex, Fid. D. Princeps clementissimus, mi∣seratus luctuosam rerum faciem, plurima fumantibus iam tum ruinis in solatium Civium & Ʋrbis suae Ornamentum providit. Tributum remisit preces ordi∣nis & popu li Londinensis retulit ad Regni Senatum; qui continuo decrevit uti publica opera, pecunia pub∣lica ex vectigali Carbonis fossilis oriunda in Melio∣rem formam restituerentur: Ʋti{que} aedes sacrae & D. Pauli Templum a fundamentis omni Magnificentia extruerentur; Pontes, Portae, Carceres Novi fierent: Emundarentur alvei, Vici ad Regulam responderent, Clivi Complanarentur, Aperirentur Angiportus, fo∣ra & Macella in Areas sepositas eliminarentur: Cen∣suit etiam uti singulae Domus Muris integerinis con∣cluderentur, Ʋniversae in frontem pari altitudine consurgerent, omnesque parietes saxo quadrato aut ••octo latere solidarentur: Ʋtique Nemini liceret ul∣••ra septennium aedificando immorari. Adhaec, lites

de terminis orituras lege lata praescidit; adjecit quo∣que supplicationes annuas & ad aeternam posterorum Memoriam H. C. P. C.

Festinatur Ʋndique. Resurgit Londinum Majo∣ri celeritate an splendore incertum: Ʋnum trienni∣um absolvit, quod seculi opus credebatur.

Incepta

Richardo Forde Equ. Praetore Lond.

A. D. MDCLXXI.

Perducta altius.

Geo. Waterman Eq. Prae.

Roberto Hanson Eq. Prae

Guliel. Hooker Eq. Prae.

Roberto Viner Eq. Prae.

Josepho Sheldon Eq. Prae.

Perfecta.

Thoma Davies Eq. Prae. Urb. Anno Dom. MDCLXXVII.

The substance of these Elegant Latine Inscripti∣ons is a brief account of the Fire and the Devasta∣tion it made, its swiftness and stop.—His Majesties gracious care for the rebuilding of it, the Tribute laid upon Coals for the building of Churches and o∣ther publick structures, &c. the regularity, unifor∣mity and Model of the New Buildings, And that all should build in seven years, the Act for erecting a Judicature (as before-mentioned) concluding that it is a doubt, whether the Resurrection of London be with greater ••elerity or splendor, since three years

compleated what was Judged to be the work of an Age.

This was begun, Sir Richard Ford being Lord-Mayor, 1671—raised higher Sir Geo. Waterman Knight, Sir Robert Hansen Knight, Sir Will. Hooker Knight, Sir Robert Viner Knight, Sir Joseph Sheldon Knight, Lord Mayors; finished, Sir Thomas Davies Knight, Lord Mayor, in the Year of our Lord, 1677.

So much for Fires, only amongst many that may be mentioned, I cannot forget a lamentable accident that happen'd to a Family to which I was nearly related, one Mr. De Laune, that liv'd in Lothbury, a Merchant, who above twenty years ago, with his Wife (who was then ready to lie in) the Daughter of Sir Thomas Allen of Finchly, and all their Family, were burnt in their House there, and no account but conjectures can be given how the fire came.

In the first year of the Reign of K. H. 7. in Au∣tumn, towards the end of September (that is about 196 years ago) there began and reigned in the City and other parts of the Kingdom, a Diease then new, which of the accidents and manner thereof, they call∣ed the Sweating-sickness. This Disease had a swift Course both in the sick body, and in the time and period of the lasting thereof: For they that were ta∣ken with it, upon twenty-four hours escaping, were thought almost assured. And as to the time of the Malice and Reign of the Disease ere it ceased; It began about the 21st of September, and clear'd up before the end of October. It was a Pestilent Fea∣ver not seated in the Veins or Humours, for there followed no Carbuncle, no purple or livid spots, or the like, the Mass of Blood, or of the Body, being not tainted; only a malignant Vapour flew to the Heart, and seizsd the Vital Spirits; which stirred Nature to send it forth by an Extream sweat. And it appear∣ed by experience, that this Disease was rather a sur∣prize of Nature, then obstinate to Remedies, if it

were in time looked into. For if the Patient were kept in an equal temper, both for Clothes, Fire, and Drink, moderately warm, with temperate Cor∣dials, whereby Natures work were neither irritated by heat, nor turned back by cold, he commonly Re∣covered. But infinite persons dyed suddenly of it, before the manner of Cure and Attendance was known. It was conceived to be not an Epedemick Disease, but to proceed from a Malignity in the Con∣stitution of the Air, gathered by the predispositions of Seasons: and the speedy cessation declared as much.

The Remedy of this Disease (which hapned again in the 9th of K. H. 8. Anno 1517. and of which vast numbers died, remarkable by this Circumstance, that Englishmen were taken with it in any Country, but no others, and therefore termed by Foreigners Sudor Anglicus, that is, the English-sweat) is given by Polidor Virgil, p. 561. Thus; Quibus Rebus ita usu venit, &c. by which means it grew to a Cu∣stom, that after a vast destruction of men (by this Distemper) this kind of help was found effectual. If any person was taken with this Sweat by day, he must go to Bed with his Cloaths on; If by night, and the party be in bed, then he must rest and not stir for 24 hours compleat, in the mean time, he must be so covered as not to provoke Sweat, but let it proceed of its own accord, he must neither eat nor drink any thing but what will just serve to keep him alive,—he must not so much as put forth hand or foot to be cooled, for that's death unavoidable— If the Patient observes this, he is certainly cured, else lost; and this Disease (saith he) invaded only Eng∣land (or English-men) which men at that time made portentous constructions of.

This Mortal Distemper was succeeded by a rage∣ing Plague, which swept away many, so that the King was forced to remove his Court from one place to another. By that Sweating-sickness in H. 8's time,

infinite multitudes of People dyed in several places of England, especially in London, sparing neither rich nor poor, for even in the King's Court the Lord Gray of Wilton, and the Lord Clinton, and many Knights, Gentlemen and Officers, died of it. The like Sweat∣ing-sickness hapned in the 20th year of his Reign, which began in London, and afterwards spread it self into all parts of the Kingdom, so that the Term and the Assizes were adjourned.

In the 20 E. 3. (as Baker says, p. 131.) there died in London of a Plague 57374 persons. In the 4th of Queen Mary, hot burning Agues and other strange Diseases, took away much People; So as between the 20th of October and the last of December, there died 7 Aldermen of London, namely, Henry Heard∣son, Sir Richard Dobs, Sir Will. Laxton, Sir Henry Hobblethorn, Sir John Champney, Sir John Ayleph, and Sir John Gresham, of which some were Lord Mayors, &c. I find that in the 8th of Qu. Eliz. there died in ten Months seven Aldermen of London, viz. Edward Banks, Richard Chamberlain, Sir Mar∣tin Bowes, Sir Richard Mallory, Sir William Hewet, Sir Thomas White, and Richard Lambert, one of the Sheriffs for that year.

In the 36th of Qu. Eliz. there dyed of the Plague in London and the Suburbs 17890. besides the Lord Mayor and three Aldermen, and Michaelmas-Term was holden at St. Albans. The first of King James, viz. 1602 there died in London and Liberties 38244, whereof of the Plague 30578, yet the next year, though the City was increased with a great number of Strangers, there died of all Diseases but 4263. There broke out likewise a great Plague in the First of King Charles the First, whereof more died than in the beginning of his Fathers Reign. Many other Plagues have been in the City, but I shall conclude this subject with a brief account of the great Plague in 1665.

In the beginning of May, the Bill of Mortality mentions nine that died of the Plague, and decreas∣ed the next Week to three, then increased to four∣teen, next to seventeen, next forty three, and then great Persons began to retire into the Country. In June the Bill increases to 112, next 168, next 267, next 470, then do many Tradesmen go into the Country: and many Ministers take occasion to ab∣sent themselves from their Charge. In July the Bill rises to 725, then to 1089, next 1843, next to 2010, Now most Parishes are infected, a vast number of Houses shut up, no Trade at all, and the number of dying persons still encreasing, although so many thou∣sands left the City. In Aug. the Bill rises to 2817, next 3880, next 4237, and then 6102, all which died of the Plague, besides other Diseases.—Now there is a dismal solitude in London-streets, every day looks with the face of a Sabbath, observed with greater so∣lemnity than it used to be in the City, Shops are shut up, very few walk about, so that grass begins to spring in some places. A deep silence every where, no ratling of Coaches, &c. no calling in Customers, no London Crys, no noise but dying Croans and Fu∣neral Knells, &c.

In September the Bill rises to 6988, the next falls to 6544, but then rises again to 7165, which was the greatest Bill. There were but four Parishes that were not infected, and in them few tarried. The next Bill falls to 5538, then to 4929, then to 4327, then to 2665, then to 1421, then to 1031.—First Week in November it rises to 1414, but falls to 1050, then to 652, then to 333, and so lessened more and more to the end of the year, when we had a Bill of 97306, which died of all Diseases, which was 79000 more than the year before, and the number of them which died of the Plague was reckoned to be 68596 that year; but others say that there died of that fatal Disease, in little more than a years space, near 100000

persons in London, and some adjacent places.

I shall proceed to remark briefly some few things more, which are Miscellaneous Collections of my own from Divers Authors.

In the time of Edward the Second, when the work∣men were digging the Foundation of a Work about Pauls, there were found more than 100 heads of Oxen, which confirm'd that opinion, that of old time it had been the Temple of Diana, and that there was the Sacrifice of Beasts.

In the 3 H. 5. It is said that seven Dolphins came up the River of Thames, whereof four were taken. In the Fourth of Q. Mary, before Harvest, Wheat was sold for four Marks the Quarter, Malt at 44 s. the Quarter, Pease at 46 s. 8 d. Yet after Harvest, Wheat was sold for 5 s. the Quarter, Malt for 6 s. 8 d. Rye at 3 s. 4 d. In the Country, Wheat was sold for 4 s. the Quarter, Malt at 4 s. 8 d. and in some places a Bushel of Rye for a pound of Candles, which was 4 d.

I have read that in the Third of King James a Whale came up within eight miles of London, whose body was seen divers times above water, and judged to exceed the length of the largest Ship in the Ri∣ver, but when she tasted the fresh-water, and sent∣ed the Land, she returned into the Sea.

I find recorded by divers Writers, that the 17th of July, 1619, one Bernard Calvart of Andover, rode from St. George's Church in Southwark to Dover, and from thence passed by Barge to Callice in France, and from thence returned back to St. George's Church the same day, setting out about three in the Morning, and returned about eight in the Evening, fresh and lusty, being 184 miles, which was very strange.

In the 14th R. 2. on Christmas-day, a Dolphin was taken at London-bridge, being ten Foot long, and a monstrous grown Fish.

In the 37 H. 8. On Tuesday in Easter week, Wil∣liam Foxely▪ Pot-maker for the Mint of the Tower

of London, fell asleep, and could not be awaked with P••••ching or Burning till the first Day of the next Term, which was full Fourten Days, and when he Awaked, was found in all points as if he had Slept but one Night; and lived forty Years after.

In the Second of King James a strange accident happened, to the terrour of all Bloody Murderers; A Woman called Ann Waters, inticed by a Lewd Persou she was wont to keep Company with, consent∣ed to have her Husband strangled, and then Buried him secretly under the Dunghil in a Cowhouse; whereupon, the Man being mist by his Neighbours, and the Wife making an extraordinary shew of won∣dring, with much counterfeit Sorrow for his Absence, she past on, unsuspected for a time: But it pleased God, that one of the Inhabitants of that Street Dream't That his Neighbour Waters was Strangled and Buried under the Dunghil in a Cowhouse; and upon De∣claring his Dream, search being made by the Con∣stable, the dead Body was found as he had Dreamed, whereupon the Wife was Apprehended, and upon Examination confessing the Fact, was burned. What hope therefore of Concealment can any Murderers have, when they are subject to be Discovered by any mans Dream?

In the Fifth of Queen Mary, there fell Hail-stones that were fifteen Inches about, I my self saw Hail-stones that fell in London in May last was Twelve Month, some of which were Six, some Nine Inches about, and others say, they saw some that were more.

About the Sixth of Edward the Fourth, one Wal∣ter Walker a wealthy Citizen, dwelling at the Crown in Cheapside, one day, when his Child cryed, did bid him be quiet, and he would make him Heir of the Crown; which words being subject to Interpretation, he was call'd in question about them, Arraigned, Condemned, and put to Death; which was an Act

of great Severity, for the Man had no other mean∣ing, than that he would make his Child Heir of his own House with that Sign.

Anno One thousand five hundred ninety five, upon Digging for a Vault to be made in Cheapside, there was found at Seventeen Foot deep a fair Pavement, like unto that above ground, and at the further end of the Channel was found a Tree sawed into five steps, which was to step over some Brook running towards Walbrook, upon the edge of which, there lay the bodies of two great Trees, the ends wereof were then sawed off, and were firm Timber; so that the Ground of the City had been raised to that time above Seventeen Foot.

In the Third of William the Second, anno 1090. On St. Lukes day, Six hundred Houses in London were thrown down by a terrible Tempest, and then it was, that the Roof of Bow-Church in Cheapside fell with that violence, mentioned page 46 before.

In the time of Henry the First, the Thames so fail∣ed of Water, that between the Tower of London and the Bridge men, waded over on Foot for the space of two days.

In the Seventh year of Henry the Sixth, November Eight, The Duke of Norfolk was like to have been Drowned passing through London-Bridge, his Barge being set upon the P••les was over-whelmed so, that Thirty Persons were Drowned, and the Duke with others that escaped, were fain to be drawn up with Ropes. The same year the Postern Gates of Lon∣don by East Smithfield against the Tower of London did sink by Night more than Seven Foot into the Earth. In his Eighteenth year, all the Lyons in the Tower Dyed. And in this present year three of the Lions in the Tower died. In the year 1623, Octob. 26. A Popish Priest Preached in the After∣noon at Hunsdon-house in Black-fryers London in an upper Chamber, where there were Assembled above

Three hundred Men and Women, when about the middle of the Sermon a great part of the Floor fell, with such violence, that it brake down the next Floor under it: In the Fall whereof, the Preacher and al∣most a Hundred of his Auditors were Killed, besides as many more hurt.

About the Year, One thousand two hundred eigh∣ty two, through a great Frost and deep Snow, five Arches of London-Bridge were born down and car∣ried away.

Anno One thousand three hundred ninety six No∣vember 30. The young Queen Isabel of about Eight years old, being to be conveyed to the Tower, such a Multitude went to see her, that Nine persons were crowded to Death on London-Bridge.

In the time of Richard the First, for three or four years together, there was so great a Dearth, that Wheat was sold for Eighteen Shillings six pence a Quarter; and then followed so great a Mortality of Men, that the Living could scarce Bury the Dead.

In the Seventeenth Year of Henry the Third, were seen five Suns at one time together; after which, fol∣lowed so great a Dearth, that People did eat Horses and Barks of Trees, and in London 20000 were starved for want of Food.

Anno 1313. 7 Edward 2. The price set on Victu∣als was, for a fat stalled Ox twenty four shillings. A fat Mutton, twenty pence: a fat Goose two pence half penny: A fat Capon, two pence: A fat Hen, one penny: Two Chickens, one penny: Three Pi∣geons, one penny: Twenty four Eggs a penny. Yet the next year there was such a Famine and Mortali∣ty of People, that the Living were scarce sufficient to Inter their Dead Friends.

And the next year again, there was so early a Harvest, that a Bushel of Wheat which had been sold for Ten shillings, was now sold for Ten pence.

In the Fifteenth of King Stephen, Horses and

Carts passed over the Thames upon the Ice. An∣no 1609. 6 King James, A Frost began in December which continued till April following, with such vio∣lence, that not only the Thames was so Frozen, that Carts Loaden were driven over it as on dry Land; but also many Fowls and Birds perished, and also much Herbage in Gardens, especially Hartichoaks and Rosemary were destroyed. The like violent Frost happened in the Seventh of Eliz. That Men perform'd all kinds of Exercises upon the Thames. In her 35th. year, the River so fail'd that a Horseman might Ride over near London-Bridge.

In 5 Q. Mary, There fell so great a Rain in Sep∣tember, that Westminster-hall was full of Water, and Boats were Rowed over Westminster-Bridge to Kingstreet.

In the 9th. of Hen. 4. There was so sharp a Win∣ter, and such a bundance of Snow continued Decem∣ber, January, February, March, that almost all small Birds dyed through Hunger.

In the time of Edw. 3d. A Frost lasted from the midst of September to the Month of April.

In his Eleventh Year, there was so great Plenty, That a Quarter of Wheat was sold at London for two Shillings: A fat Oxe, for a Noble: A fat Sheep, for six pence: Five Pigeons for a penny; and other things after that Rate. But in his 27th. Year, there was great Scarcity, by reason there fell little or no Rain, from March to July, and it was therefore called, the dry Summer.

In June Anno 1603, There was one Whipped through the City of London for going to Court when his House was Infected.

December 22. 1607. Nineteen Pyrates were Ex∣ecuted at Wapping.

These Historical Memorandums, with what is scattered up and down the Book, Comprehend the most memorable Tumults, Fires, Plagues, Rarities,

and Casualties, in which this Great City has been con∣cern'd. I confess, there are many more of less Re∣mark, but I must of necessity refer the Reader at present, to larger Tracts, if he be so Curious as to pe ruse them.

An APPENDIX, Containing the Names of the Pre∣sent Aldermen of the City of London, and the respe∣ctive Wards they Govern: Also a List of the Officers of the Lord Mayors House, and the Offices belonging to the Two Compters.

IN this Appendix shall be inserted some few things that should have been put into their proper place, could I have timely obtained distinct Information.

The City of London is divided into Twenty Six Wards, each of which is Governed by its Respective Alderman; the Names of which are these that fol∣low, with the several Wards which they Govern.

• Aldersgate-Ward.
• Sir Thomas Bludworth, Alderman.
• Algate-Ward.
• Sir Thomas B••c••ford, Alderman.
• Bassishaw-Ward.
• Sir Simon Lewis, Alderman.
• Billingsgate-Ward.
• Sir John Peak, Alderman.
• Bishopsgate-Ward.
• Sir Joseph Sheldon, Alderman.
• Breadstreet-Ward.
• Sir Henry Tulse, Alderman.
• Bridge-Ward.
• Sir George Waterman, Alderman.
• Broadstreet-Ward.
• Sir William Pritchard, Alderman.
• Candlewike-Ward.
• Sir James Edwards, Alderman.
• Castlebaynard-Ward.
• Sir William Turner, Alderman.
• ...

• Cheapside-Ward.
• Sir Robert Clayton, Alderman.
• Colemanstreet-Ward.
• Sir John Frederick, Alderman.
• Cordwayner-Ward.
• Sir Robert Jeffery, Alderman.
• Cornhil-VVard.
• Sir William Hooker, Alderman.
• Cripplegate-VVard.
• Sir John Shorter, Alderman.
• Dowgate-VVard.
• Sir Thomas Gold, Alderman.
• Farringdon-Ward within,
• The Right Honourable Sir Patience Ward, L. Mayor. Farringdon-VVard without.
• Thomas Pilkington Esq Alderman.
• Langborne-VVard.
• Sir Robert Viner, Alderman.
• Limestreet-VVard.
• Sir William Rawsterne, Alderman.
• Portsoken-VVard.
• Sir James Smith, Alderman.
• Queen-Hythe-VVard.
• Sir John Lawrence Alderman.
• Tower-Street-Ward.
• Sir John Chapman, Alderman.
• Vintry-VVard.
• Henry Cornish Esq Alderman.
• Walbrook-Ward.
• Sir John Moore, Alderman.
• Sir Thomas Allen, Alderman of Bridge-Ward without.

A List of the Officers of the L. Mayors House.

• William Man Esq Sword-Bearer.
• John Wells Esq Common-Cryer.
• Ro. Cheney Esq Common-Hunt.
• Harvey Esq Water-Baily.
• John Robotham, Coroner.
• ...

• Jo. Bancroft, R. Capel, Tho. Blenksop, Serjeant Garvers.
• John Clare, John Beverly, John Cole, Se••••eants of the Chamber.
• John Bradnox, Serjeant of the Channel.
• William Jones, Thomas Cross, William Page, Lee Sad∣ler, Yeomen of the Water-side.
• John Noyes, Yeoman of the Channel.
• William Shaw, Under Water-Bayliff.
• Daniel Man, and Samuel Boufoy, Yeomen of the Chamber.
• Francis Brown, Richard Ball, Thomas Hewit, Sydrach Denham, John Doley, Young Men.
• John Weightman, and two more, Meal-Weighers.
• William Cave, John Fickels, Yeomen of the Wood-Wharf.
• William Cave, Fruit-Meter.
• Daniel Man, Hall-keeper.

Officers belonging to Woodstreet-Compter.

• Richard Normansel, Secundary.
• George Kingswel, Clerk of the Papers.
• Benjamin Woodworth, William Scot, John Mordent, and Marshal, Clerks Sitters.
• Longworth Cross and Robert Reves, Attornies.
• ...
  Serjeants.
  • Wil. Newton
  • Edw. Howard
  • ••ohn Prigmore
  • ••ohn East
  • ••ohn Boyer
  • ••no. Brown
  • ••ohn Hill
  • Wells
  • ••ohn Costhust
  • Ed. Thompson
  • Fran. Bromley
  • John Bell
  • Andr. Lambeth
  • Henry Lee
  • Ralph Lewis
  • W. Thorn dead
  • Will. Keath
  • John Rand
• ...
  Yeomen.
  • Dan. Beverly
  • Rob. Cooper
  • Will. Bell, sen.
  • Will. Jacobs
  • John King
  • Steph. Webb.
  • Jos. Hill
  • Tho. Stanton
  • Na. Churchman
  • Nath. Thwait
  • Henry Witt
  • Will. Bell, jun.
  • Tho. Audley
  • Geo. Cotterel
  • Andrew Harris
  • Edward Omans
  • Tho. Crayford
  • William Alcock

Officers belonging to the Poultrey-Compter.

• Trotman, Secundary.
• William Pim, Clerk of the Papers.
• ...

• John Normansel, George Dixon, Ger. Green, Gabriel Neve, Clerks Sitters.
• Dutton Seymour, Robert Brabon, Godfrey Woodward, Richard Dalling, Thomas Baynes, Lewis Newen∣ham, Attornies.
• ...
  Serjeants.
  • Richard Cole Arth.
  • Seth Taylor
  • John Cushy
  • Simon S••nds
  • Edward Cole
  • Robert Cole
  • George Benson
  • Henry Linnet
  • James Witham
  • Edward Tudor
  • Richard Ashby
  • James Smith
  • Thomas Bond
  • Abraham New
  • ...〈…〉〈…〉
  • Tric••••
  • Samuel Mabbs
  • Archibald Sparks
• ...
  Yeomen.
  • Fletcher
  • Edward Hen
  • Sheldon
  • John L••••son
  • John Wes••••••cut
  • Will. Trickle
  • Tim. Cotterel
  • Will ••••therston
  • Mab••
  • John 〈◊〉〈◊〉
  • William Phil••ps
  • William Parker
  • Zach Gardner
  • Edward Barber
  • ...〈…〉〈…〉
  • ...〈…〉〈…〉
  • Joseph 〈◊〉〈◊〉
  • John 〈◊〉〈◊〉

Note, That though the several Attornies, Serjean•••••• and Yeomen belonging to the two Compters, are in a strict sence said to belong but to One Compter, yet do they do business in Both, as occasion requires, and as they happen to be Employ'd.

FINIS.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Howel. p. 118.