Sir Francis Drake revived who is or may be a pattern to stirre up all heroicke and active spirits of these times to benefit their countrey and eternize their names by like noble attempts : being a summary and true relation of foure severall voyages made by the said Sir Francis Drake to the West-Indies ... / collected out of the notes of the said Sir Francis Drake, Mastet [sic] Philip Nichols, Master Francis Fletcher, preachers, and notes of divers other gentlemen (who went on the said voyages) carefully compared together.

SIR FRANCIS DRAKE his Voyage about the WORLD.

EVer since Almighty God commanded Adam to subdue the Earth, there hath not wanted in all Ages, some heroicall Spirits, which in obedience to that high mandate, either from manifest reason alluring them, or by secret instinct inforcing them thereunto, have ex∣pended their wealth, imployed their times and adventured their Persons to finde out the true circuit of the World.

Of these, some have endeavored to effect this their purpose, by conclusion and consequence, drawn from the proportion of the higher Circles, to this nethermost Globe, being the Center of the rest. Others not contented with Schoole Points & such demonstrations (for that a small error in the beginning, grow∣eth in the progresse to a great inconvenience) have added ther∣unto their own History and experience. All of them in reason have deserved great commendation of their owne Ages, and purchased a just renowne with all posterity. For if a Surveyor of some few Lordships, wherof the bounds and limits were be∣fore known worthily deserve his reward, not only for his tra∣vell, but for his skill also, in measuring the whol and every part thereof: how much more above comparison, are their famous Travels by all means possible to be eternized, who have bestow∣ed their studies and indeavour, to survey & measure this Globe almost unmeasurable? Neither is here that difference to be objected, which in private Possessions is of value. Whose Land Survey you? forasmuch as the main Ocean by right is the Lords alone, and by nature left free, for all men to deal withal, as very

sufficient for all mens use, & larg enough for al mens industry.

* 1.1And therefore that valiant enterprise, accompanied with happy successe, which that right rare and thrice worthy Cap∣tain Francis Drake atchieved, in first turning up a furrow about the whole world, doth not onely overmatch the ancient Argo∣nauts, but also outreacheth in many respects, that noble Mari∣ner Magellanus, and by far surpasseth his crowned Victory. But hereof let Posterity judge.

It shall for the present, be deemed a sufficient discharge of duty, to register the true and whole history of that his Voyage, with as great indifferency of affection as a history doth require, and with the plain evidence of truth, as it was left recorded by some of the chiefe, and divers other Actors in that Action.

The said Captain Francis Drake, having in a former voyoge, in the years 72, and 73, (the description whereof is already im∣parted to the view of the world) had a sight, and onely a sight of the south Atlantik, and thereupon either conceiving a new, or renewing a former desire, of sailing on the same, in an English bottom; he so cherished thenceforward, this his noble desire and resolution in himselfe, that notwithstanding he was hin∣dred for some years partly by secret envy at home, and partly by publicke service for his Prince and Country abroad (wherof Ireland under Walter Earl of Essex gives honorable testimony) yet against the yeare 1577. by gracious commission from his Soveraigne and with the helpe of divers friends Adventurers▪ he had fitted himselfe with five Ships.

• 1. The Pellican, Admirall, burthen 100. tons. Captaine generall Francis Drake.
• 2. The Elizabeth, Vice admirall, burthen 80. tonnes. Cap∣taine Iohn Winter.
• 3. The Marigold, a Bark of 30. tons. Captain Iohn Thomas.
• 4. The Swan, a Fliboat of 50. tons. Captaine Iohn Chester.
• 5. The Christopher, a Pinnace of fifteene tonnes. Captaine Thomas Moone▪

These Ships he mand with 164. able and sufficient men, and furnished them also with such plentifull provision of all things necessary as so long and dangerous a Voyage did seem to re∣quire: and amongst the rest, with certaine Pinnaces ready fra∣med, but carried aboard in peices, to be new set up in smoother water, when occasion served. Neither had he omitted, to make provision also for ornament and delight, carrying to this pur∣pose with him expert Musitians, rich furniture (all the vessels for his Table, yea many belonging even to the Cooke-roome being of pure Silver) and divers shewes of all sorts of curious Workmanship, whereby the civility and magnificence of his native Country, might amongst all Nations whithersoever he should come, be the more admired.

Being thus appointed we set saile out of the sound of Plim∣mouth, about five of the Clocke in the afternoon November 15.* 1.2 of the same yeare, and running all that night Southwest,* 1.3 by the morning were come as far as the Lyzard, where meeting the wind at Southwest (quite contrary to our intended course) we were forced with our whole Fleet to put in to Falmouth.

The next day towards evening, there arose a storme,* 1.4 continu∣ing all that night, and the day following (especially betweene ten of the Clocke in the forenoone, and five in the afternoone) with such violence, that though it were in a very good Harbor, yet two of our Ships, viz. the Admirall (wherein our Generall himselfe went) and the Marigold were fain to cut their maine Masts by board, and for the repairing of them, and many other dammages in the tempest sustained (as soone as the Weather would give leave) to beare back to Plimmouth again, where we all arrived the thirteenth day after our first departure thence.* 1.5

Whence having in few dayes supplied all defects with hap∣pier sailes we once more put to Sea December 13. 1577.* 1.6

As soon as we were out of sight of Land, our Generall gave us occasion to conjecture in part, whither he intended, both by the directing of his course, and appointing the Randevous (if

any should be severed from the Fleet to be the Island Mo∣gadore. And so sailing with favorable winds, the first Land that we had sight of, was Cape Cantine in Barbary December 25.* 1.7 Christmas day in the morning. The shoare is faire white Sand, and the inland country very high and mountainous, it lyeth in 32. deg. 30. min. North latitude, and so coasting from hence Southward, about 18 leagues, we arrived the same day at Mo∣gadore the Island before named.

This Mogadore, lies under the dominion of the King of Fesse in 31. deg. 40. m. about a mile of from the shoar, by this means making a good harbor between the Land and it. It is uninhabi∣ted, of about a league in circuit, not very high Land, all over∣growne with a kinde of shrub Brest high, not much unlike our privet, very full of Doves and therefore much frequented of Gosh ••ukes, and such like Birds of prey, besides divers sorts of Sea-foul very plenty. At the South side of this Island are three hollow Rocks, under which are great store of very wholesome but very ugly fish to looke to. Lying here about a mile from the m••ine, a Boat was sent to sound the Harbor, and finding it safe, and in the very entrance on the north side about five or six fathome water (but at the Souther side it is very dangerous) we brought in our whole Fleet December 27. and continued there till the last day of the same Month, imploying our leasure, the meane while, in setting up a Pinnace, one of the foure brought from home in peeces with us.* 1.8 Our abode here was soon percei∣ved by the Inhabitants of the country, who coming to the shoar by signes and cries made shew, that they desired to be fetched a board, to whom our Generall sent a Boat, in which two of the chiefest of the Moores were presently received, and one man of ours, in exchange, left a land, as a pledge for their returne.

They that came aboard were right courteously entertained with a dainty banquet, and such gifts as they seemed to be most glad of, that they might thereby understand, that this Fleet came in peace and friendship, offering to Traffique with them

for such commodities as their country yeilded, to their own content. This offer they seemed most gladly to accept, and promised the next day to resort again, with such things as they had to exchange for ours. It is a law amongst them to drink no wine, notwithstanding by stealth it pleaseth them well to have it abundantly, as here was experience. At their re∣turn ashoare, they quietly restored the pledge which they had stayed, and the next day, at the hour appointed, returning a∣gain, brought with them Camels, in shew loaden with wares to be exchanged for our commodities, and calling for a boat in hast, had one sent them, according to order, with our Generall (being at this present absent, had given before his departure to the Island.

Our boat coming to the place of landing (which was among the rocks) one of our men called John Fry, mistrusting no dan∣ger; nor fearing any harm pretended by them, and therefore intending to become a pledge, according to the order used the day before, readily stept out of the boat and ran a land, which opportunity (being that which the Moores did look for) they took the advantage of, and not only they which were in sight layed hands on him to carry him away with them, but a num∣ber more, which lay secretly hidden, did forthwith break forth from behind the rock, whether they had conveyed themselves (as seemeth the night before) forcing our men to leave the rescuing of him that was taken as captive, and with speed to shift for themselves.

The cause of this violence, was a desire which the King of Fesse had, to understand what this fleet was, whether any fore∣runner of the Kings of Portugall or no, and what newes of cer∣tainty the fleet might give him. And therefore after that he was brought to the K. presence, & had reported that they were English men, bound for the Straights, under the conduct of ge∣nerall Drake, he was sent back again with a present to his cap∣tain and offer of great courtesie and friendship, if he would use his country. But in this mean time, the generall being grieved with this shew of injury▪ and intending, if he might, to recover

or redeem his man, his pinnace being ready, landed his com∣pany, and marched somewhat into the countrey, without any resistance made against him: neither would the Moores, by any meanes come nigh our Men, to deale with them any way; wherefore having made provision of wood, as also visited an old fort, built sometime by the King of Portugall, but now rui∣ned by the King of Fesse, we departed December 31.* 1.9 towards Cape Blank, in such sort, that when Fry returned, he found to his great grief, that the fleet was gone: but yet, by the Kings fa∣vor, he was sent home into England not long after, in an English Merchants ship.

Shortly after our putting forth of this harbor, we were met with contrary winds and foule weather, which continued till the fourth of January: yet we still held on our course, and the third day after,* 1.10 fell with cape De Guerre in 30. deg. minutes where we lighted on 3. Spanish fishermen called Caunters, whom we took with our new pinnace, and carried along with us,* 1.11 till we came to Rio Del Oro, just under the Tropick of Can∣cer:* 1.12 where with our pinnace also we took a carvell. From hence, till the 15. day, we sailed on towards cape Barbas, where the Marigold took a carvill more, and so onward to cape Blanck till the next day at night.* 1.13

This cape lyeth in 20. deg. 30. min. sheweth it self upright like the corner of a wall, to them that come towards it from the North, having between it and cape Barbas, low, sandy, and very white land all the way. Here we observed the south Guards, called the Crosiers 9. deg. 30. min. above the Horizon. Wherein the cape, we took one Spanish ship more riding at anchor (all her men being fled ashoare in the boat save two) which with all the rest we have formerly taken, we carried into che harbor, 3. leagues within the cape.

Here our Generall determined, for certain dayes to make his abode, both for that the place afforded plenty of fresh vi∣ctuals, for the present refreshing of our men, & for their future supply at sea (by reason of the infinite store of divers sorts of

good fish, which are there easie to be taken, even within the harbor, the like whereof, is hardly to be found again, in any part of the world) as also, because it served very fitly, for the dispatching of some other businesses that we had. During the time of our abode in this place, our generall being a shoare was visited by certain of the people of the country, who brought down with them a woman a Moore (with her little babe hanging upon her dry dug, having scarce life in her selfe, much lesse milk to nourish her child) to be sould as a horse, or a cow and calf by her side, in which sort of merchandise our generall would not deale. But they had also Amber-greece, with certain gums of some estimation, which they brought to exchange with our men for water (whereof they have great want) so that coming with their Allforges (they are leathern bags holding liquor) to buy water, they cared not at what price they bought it, so they may have to quench their thirst. A very heavy judgement of God upon that coast! The circumstances whereof considered, our generall would receive nothing of them for water, but freely gave it them that came to him, yea & fed them also ordinarily with our victuals, in eating where∣of, their manner was not uncivill, and unsightly to us, but even inhumane and loathsome in it self.

And having washed and trim'd our ships, and discharged all our spanish prises, excepting one Caunter (for which we gave to the owner of our own ships, viz. the Christopher) and one carvell formerly bound to Saint Jago, which we caused to ac∣company us hither, where she also was discharged: after six dayes abode here, we departed, directing our course for the Islands of cape Verde, where (if any were) we were of necessity to store our fleet with fresh water, for a long time,* 1.14 for that our generall intended from thence to run a long couse (even to the coast of Brasill) without touch of land. And now, having the wind constant at North East, & E. North E. which is usuall about those parts, because it bloweth almost continually from the shoare. January the 27. we coasted Bonavista, and the next day

after we came to anchor under the Wester part (towards St. Jago) of the Island Maio,* 1.15 it lyeth in 15. deg. 00. high land, sa∣ving that the North-west part strecheth out into the sea, the space of a league very low, and is inhabited by subjects to the King of Portugall.

* 1.16Here landing, in hope of traffique with the inhabitants for water, we found a Town not farre from the waters side, of a great number of desolate and ruinous houses, with a poor na∣ked Chappell or Oratory, such as small cost and charge might serve and suffice, being to small purpose, and as it seemeth on∣ly to make a shew, and that a false shew, contrary to the nature of a scarecrow, which feareth birds from coming nigh; this en∣tiseth such as passe by to hale in, and look for commodity, which is not at all to be found there; though in the inner parts of the Island it be in great abundance.

For when we found the Springs and Wells which had been there (as appeareth) stopped up again, and no other water, to purpose to be had to serve our need, we marched up to seek some more convenient place to supply our want, or at least to see whether the people would be dealt withall, to help us there∣in. In this travelling, we found the soile to be very fruitfull, ha∣ving every where plenty of fig trees, with fruit upon most of them. But in the vallies and low ground, where little low cotta∣ges were built, were pleasant vineyards planted, bearing then ripe and most pleasant grapes. There were also trees, without any branch till the top, which bare the Coco nuts. There were also great store of certain lower trees, with long and broad leaves, bearing the fruit which they call Plantanes, in clusters together like puddings, a most dainty and wholesome fruit. All of these trees were even laden with fruit, some ready to be ea∣ten, others coming forward, others over ripe. Neither can this seem strange, though about the middest of winter with us, for that the Sun doth never withdraw himself farther off from them, but that with his lively heat he quickneth and strength∣neth the power of the soile and plant; neither ever have they

any such frost and cold, as thereby to loose their green h••w and appearance.

We found very good water in diverse places, but so far off from the road, that we could not with any reasonable paines enjoy it. The people would by no meanes be induced to have any conference with us, but keeping in the most sweet & fruit∣full vallie among the hils, where their Towns and places of dwelling were, gave us leave without interruption to take our pleasure in survewing the Island, as they had some reason, not to endanger themselves, where they saw they could reape no∣thing sooner then damage & shame, if they should have offer'd violence to them which came in peace to do them no wrong at all. This Iland yeildeth other great commodities, as wonder∣full heards of goats, infinite store of wilde hens, & salt without labour (only the gathering it together excepted) which conti∣nually in a marvellous quantity is increased upon the sands by the flowing of the sea, and the heate of the Sunne kerning the same. So that of the increase thereof they keep a continuall traffique with their neighbours in the other adjacent Islands. We set saile thence the 30. day.* 1.17

Being departed from Maio, the next day we passed by the Island of Sain Jago,* 1.18 ten leagues west of Maio in the same lati∣tude, inhabited by the Portugals and Moores together. The cause whereof is said to have been in the Portugals themselves, who (continuing long time Lords within themselves, in the said Island) used that extream and unreasonable cruelty over their slaves, that (their bondage being intollerable) they were forced to seek some means to help themselves, and to lighten that so heavy a burden; and thereupon chose to flie into the most mountany parts of the Island: and at last, by continuall escapes, increasing to a great number, and growing to a set strength, do now live, with that terror of their oppressors, that they now endure no les bondage in mind then the Forcatos did before in body: besides the dammage that they daily suffer at their hands in their goods and cattel, together with the abrid∣ging

of their liberties in the use of divers parts of the fruitfull soile of the said Island: which is very large, marvellous fruitfull (a refuge for all such ships as are bound towards Brasill, Ginny, the East Indies, Binny, Calecut, &c.) and a place of rare force, if it were not for the cause afore-recited, which hath much a∣bated the pride, and cooled the courage of that people, who (under pretence of trafique and friendship) at first making an entrance ceased not, practising upon the poore Islands) the an∣cient remainders of the first planters thereof, as it may seem from the coast of Guinea) untill they had excluded them from all government and liberty, yea almost life.

On the South-west of this Island, we took a Portugall laden the best part with wine, and much good cloth, both linnen and woollen, besides other necessaries, bound for Brasill, with many Gentlemen and Marchants in her.

As we passed by with our fleet, in sight of 3. of their towns, they seemed very joyfull that we touched not with our coast; and seeing us depart peaceably, in honour of our fleet and Ge∣nerall, or rather to signifie that they were provided for an as∣sault, shot off two great peeces into the sea, which were an∣swered by one given them again from us.

South-west from Saint Jago in 14. deg. 30. min. about twelve leagues distant, yet, by reason of the height seeming not above three leagues lyeth another Island, called of the Portugals Fogo, viz. the burning Iland, or fiery furnace, in which riseth a steepe upright hill, by conjecture at least six leagues, or eighteen Eng∣lish miles from the upper part of the water: within the bowels whereof, is a consuming fire, maintained by sulphure matter, seeming to be a marvellous depth, and also very wide. The fire sheweth it self but four times in an houre, at which times it breaketh out with such violence & force, and in such main abundance, that besides that it giveth light like the Moone a great way off, it seemeth, that it would not stay till it touch one heavens themselves. Herein are ingendred great store of prumice stores, which being in the vehement heat of the fire

carried up without the mouth of that fiery body, fall down, with other grosse and slimy matter upon the hill, to the con∣tinuall increasing of the same. And many times these stones falling down into the sea are taken up and used, as we our selves had experience by sight of them swimming on the wa∣ter. The rest of the Island is fruitfull notwithstanding, and is inhabited by Portugals, who live very commodiously therein, as in the other Islands thereabout.

Upon the South side, about two leagues off this Island of burning, lyeth a most sweet and pleasant Island, the trees there∣of are alwaies green and faire to look on, the soile almost full set with trees, in respect whereof its named the brave Island, being a storehouse of many fruits and commodities, as figs alwaies ripe, cocos, plantons, orenges, limons, cotton, &c. from the banks into the sea do run in many places the silver streams of sweet and wholsome water, which with boats or pinnaces may easily be taken in. But there is no convenient place or roade for ships, neither any anchroaching at all. For after long triall, and often casting of leads, there could no ground be had at any hand, neither was it ever known (as is reported) that any line would fetch ground in any place about that Island. So that the top of Fogo burneth not so high in the aire, but the root of Brava (so is the Island called) is buried and quenched as low in the Seas. The only inhabitant of this Island is an Hermit, as we suppose, for we found no other houses but one, built as is seemed for such a purpose; and he was so delighted in his solitary living, that he would by no meanes abide our coming, but fled, leaving behind him the relicks of his false worship; to wit, a cross, with a crusifix, an altar with his super∣altar, and certain other Idols of wood of rude workmanship.

Here we dismissed the Portugals taken neere Saint Jago, and gave to them in exchange of their old ship, our new pinnace built at Mogadore: with wine, bread, and fish for their provi∣sion, and so sent them away, Feb. 1.* 1.19

Having thus visited, as is declared, the Island of cape Verde,

and provided fresh water as we could, the second of Feb. we de∣parted thence,* 1.20 directing our course towards the Straights, so to passe into the South Sea;* 1.21 in which course we sailed 63. dayes without sight of land (passing the line equinoctiall the 17. day of the same moneth) till we fell with the coast of Brasill, the fifth of April following.* 1.22

During which long passage on the vast gulph, where nothing but sea beneath us and aire above us was to be seen, as our eyes did behold the wonderfull works of God in his creatures, which he had made innumerable both small and great beasts, in the great and wide Seas: so did our mouthes taste, and our natures fed on, the goodness thereof in such fulness at all time, and in every place, as if he had commanded and enjoyned the most profitable and most glorious works of his hands to wait upon us, not alone for the relief of our necessities, but also to give us delight in the contemplation of his excellence, in be∣holding the variety and order of his providence, with a parti∣cular tast of his fatherly care over us all the while.

The truth is, we often met with adverse winds, unwelcome stormes, and to us (at that time) less welcome calms, and being as it were in the bosome of the burning zone, we felt the effects of sultring heat, not without the affrights of flashing lightning, and terrifyings of often claps of thunder; yet still with the ad∣mixture of many comforts. For this we could not but take no∣tice of, that whereas we were but badly furnished (our case considered) of fresh water (having never at all watred (to any purpose, or that we could say we were much the better for it) from our first setting forth out of England till this time, nor meeting with any place where we might conveniently water, till our coming to the river of Plate, long after) continually, after once we were come within foure degrees of the line on this side, viz. after. Feb. 10. and till we were past the line as many pegrees towards the South, viz. till Feb. 27. there was no one day went over us but we received some raine, whereby our want of water was much supplyed.

This also was observable, that of our whole fleet,* 1.23 being now 6. in number, notwithstanding the uncouthnes of the way, and what ever other difficulties, by weather or otherwise we met withall, not any one, in all this space, lost company of the rest; except only our Portugall prise for one day, who March 28. was severed from us, but the day following March 29. she found us again, to both her own, and our no little comfort: she had in her 28. of our men, and the best part of all our pro∣vision for drink; her short absence caused much doubting and sorrow in the whole company, neither could she then have been finally lost, without the overthrow of the whole voyage.

Among the many strange creatures which we saw, we took heedfull notice of one, as strange as any; to wit, the flying fish, a fish of the bigness and proportion, of a reasonable or middle sort of Pilchards: he hath finnes, of the length of his whole body, from the bulk to the top of the taile, bearing the forme, and supplying the like use to him, that wings do to other crea∣tures. By the help of those fins, when he is chased of the Bonito, or great mackrel (whom the Aurata or dolphin likewise pursu∣eth) and hath not strength to escape by swimming any longer, he lifteth up himself above the water, & flieth a pretty height, sometimes lighting into Boats or Barks as they saile along: The quils of their wings are so proportionable, and finely set together, with a most thinne and dainty film, that they might seem to serve for a much longer or higher flight, but the dry∣ness of them is such, after some 10. or. 12. strokes, that he must needs into the water again to moisten them, which else would grow stiffe and unfit for motion. The increase of this little and wonderfull creature is in a manner infinite, the fry whereof ly∣eth upon the upper part of the waters, in the heat of the Sun, as dust upon the face of the earth, which being in bignesse of a wheat straw, and in length an inch more or less, do continually exercise themselves in both their faculties of nature: wherein, if the Lord had not made them expert indeed, their generation could not have continued, being so desired a prey to so many,

which greedily hunt after them,* 1.24 forcing them to escape in the aire by flight, when they cannot in the waters live in safety. Neither are they always free, or without danger in their fly∣ing; but as they escape one evill, by refusing the waters, so they sometimes fall into as great a mischief, by mounting up into the aire, and that, by means of a great and ravening foule, na∣med of some a Don or Spurkite, who feeding chiefly on such fish as he can come by at advantage, in their swimming in the brim of the waters, or leaping above the same, presently cea∣seth upon them with great violence, making havock, especially among these flying fishes, though with small profit to himself.

There is another sort of fish, which likewise flyeth in the aire, named a Cuttill: its the same, whose bones the Gold∣smiths commonly use, or at least not unlike the sort, a multi∣tude of which, have at one time, in their flight, fallen into our ships, amongst our men.

Passing thus, in beholding the most excellent works of the eternall God in the seas, as if we had been in a garden of plea∣sure. April 5.* 1.25 we fell with the coast of Brazil, in 31. deg. 30. mi. towards the pole Antartick, where the land is low neere the sea, but much higher within the countrey; having in depth not above 12. fathome, 3. leagues off from the shoare: and being descried by the inhabitants, we saw great and huge fires, made by them in sundry places. Which order of making fires, though it be universall, as well among Christians as Heathens, yet is it not likely that many do use it to that end, which the Brasilians do: to wit, for a sacrifice to Divels, whereat they intermix many and divers ceremonies of conjurations, cast∣ing up great heaps of sand, to this end, that if any ships, shall go about to stay upon their coasts, their ministring spirits may make wrack of them, whereof the Portugals by the losse of di∣vers of their ships, have had often experience.

In the reports of Magellanes voyage, it is said, that this peo∣ple pray to no manner of thing, but live only according to the instinct of nature, which if it were true, there should seeme to

be a wonderfull alteration in them, since that time, being fal∣len from a simple and naturall ereature, to make Gods of Di∣vels; but I am of the mind, that it was with them then, as now it is, only they lacked then the like occasion, to put it in pra∣ctise, which now they have: for then, they lived as a free people among themselves, but now, are in most miserable bondage & slavery, both in body, goods, wife, and children, and life it self to the Portugals, whose hard and most cruell dealings against them, forceth them to fly into the unfruitfull parts of their own land, rather there to starve, or at least live miserably with liberty, then to abide such intollerable hondage, as they lay upon them, using the aforesaid practises with Divels, both for a revenge against their oppressors, and also for a defence, that they have no further entrance into the country. And supposing in deed, that no other had used travell by sea in ships, but their enemies only, they therefore used the same at our coming: notwithstrnding, our God made their divelish intent of none effect; for albeit there lacked not (within the space of our fal∣ling with this coast) forcible storms and tempests, yet did we sustain no damage, but only the separating of our ships out of shoare, but we could find no harbor in many leagues. And therefore coasting along the land, towards the south, April 7.* 1.26 we had a violent storm, for the space of 3. houres, with thun∣der, lightning, and rain in great abundance, accompanied with a vehement south wind, directly against us, which caused a separation of the Christopher (viz. the Caunter which we took at cape Blank, in exchange for the Christopher, whose name she hence forward bore) from the rest of the fleet.

After this, we keep on our course, sometime to the seaward, sometimes toward the shoare, but alwaies southward, as neere as we could: till April 14.* 1.27 in the morning, at which time we passed by Cape Saint Mary, which lies in 35. deg. neere the mouth of the river of Plate: and running within it about 6. or 7. leagues along by the maine, we came to anchor in a bay,

under another cape which our Generall afterwards called cape Joy,* 1.28 by reason of the second day after our anchoring here, the Christopher (whom we had lost in the former storm) came to us again.

Among other cares which our Generall took in this action, next the main care of effecting the voyage it self, these were the principall and chiefly subordinate: to keep our whole fleet (as neere as possible we could) together; to get fresh Water which is of continual use; & to refresh our men wearied vvith long toyls at sea, as oft as vve should find any opportunity of effecting the same. And for these causes it vvas determined, & publique notice thereof given at our departure from the Islands of cape Verde; that the next randevouze both for the recollecting of our navy (if it should be despersed) as also vva∣tering, and the like, should be the river of Plate: vvhether vve vvere all to repaire vvith all the convenient speed that could be made, and to stay one for another, if it should happen that vve could not arrive there altogether; and the effect vve found ansvverable to our expectations, for here our severed ship (as hath been declared) found us again▪ and here vve found those ••ther helps also so much desired. The country here about is of a temperate and most svveet aire and pleasant to behold, and besides the exceeding fruitfulnesse of the soyle, its stored vvith plenty of large and mighty Deere.

Notvvithstanding that in this first bay vve found svveet and vvholesome vvater even at pleasure;* 1.29 yet the same after the arrivall of Caunter, we removed some twelve leages farther up into another; where we found a long rock, or rather Island of rocks, not far from the main; making a commodious har∣••••••, specially against a southerly wind: under them we ancho∣red, and rode till the 20. day at night; in which mean space we killed divers Seales, or sea-wolves (as the Spaniard calls them) which resorted to these rocks in great abundance. They are good m••at, and were an acceptable food to us for the pre∣sent, and a go••d supply of our provision for the future.

Hence April 20.* 1.30 we waighed again and sailed yet further up into the river, even till we found but three fadome deep, & that we roade with our ships in fresh water; but we staid not there, nor in any other place of the river, because that the winds being strong, the shoals many, and no safe harbor found, we could not without our great danger so have done.* 1.31 Hailing therefore to seaward again, the 27. of the same moneth (after that we had spent a just fortnight in that river, to the great comfort of the whole fleet) we passed by the south side there∣of into the main. The land here lieth south, south W. and N.N.E. with shole water, some 3. or 4 leagues off into the sea: its about 36. deg. 20. min. and somewhat better south latitude.* 1.32

At our very first coming forth to sea again, to wit, the same night our fly-boat the Swan lost company of us: whereupon, though our Generall doubted nothing of her happy coming forward again to the rest of the fleet; yet because it was grie∣vous to have such often losses, and that it was his duty as much as in him lay, to prevent all inconveniences besides, that might grow; he determined to diminish the number of his ships, thereby to draw his men unto less room; that both the fewer ships might the better keep company, & that they might also be the better appointed with new and fresh supplies of provi∣sion & men, one to ease the burden of another: especially, for that he saw the coast (it draweth now toward winter here) to be subject to many and grievous storms: and therefore he con∣tinued on his course, to find out a convenient harbor for that use; searching all that coast from 36. to 47. deg. (as diligently as contrary winds and sundry storms would permit) and yet sound none for the purpose. And in the mean time, viz. May 8. by another storm the Caunter also was once more severed from us. May 12. we had sight of land, in 47. deg. where we were forced to come to anchor in such roade as we could find for the time. Neverthelesse our Generall named the place cape Hope, by reason of a bay discovery within the h••dland, which seem'd to promise a good and commodious harbor. But by reason of

many rocks lying off from the place, we durst not adventure with our ships into it without good and perfect discovery be∣forehand made.

Our Generall, especially in matters of moment, was never wont to rely only on other mens care, how trusty or skilfull soever they might seem to be; but alwayes contemning danger and refusing no toyle, he was wont himself to be one whosoe∣ver was a second at every turn, where courage, skill, or indu∣stry was to be imployeb; neither would he at this time intrust the discovery of these dangers to anothers pains, but rather to his own experience, in searching out and sounding of them. A boat being therefore hoised forth, himself with some o∣thers the next morning, May 13.* 1.33 rowed into the bay; and be∣ing now very nigh the shorae, one of the men of the country shewed himself unto him seeming very pleasant, singing and dancing, after the noise of a rattle which he shook in his hand, expecting earnestly his landing.

But there was suddenly so great an alteration in the wea∣ther, into a thick and misty fogge; together with an extream storm and tempest, that our general being now 3. leagues from his ship, thought it be better to return, then either to land, or make any other stay and yet the fog thickned so mightily, that the sight of the ships was bereft them, and if Cap. Thomas (up∣on the abundance of his love and service to his generall) had not adventured with his ship to enter that bay, in this perplex∣ity, where good advice would not suffer our ships to beare in, while the winds were more tolerable, and the aire cleerer: we had sustained some great loss, or our generall had been further endangered, who was now quickly received aboard his ship; out of which, being within the bay, they let fall an anchor, and rode there (God be praised) in safety: but our other ships, ride∣ing without, were so oppressed with the extremity of the storm, that they were forced to run off to the sea for their own safegard, being in good hope only of the good successe of that ship, which was gone in to relieve our generall; before this

storm arose, our Caunter formerly lost, was come in the same day unto us in the same roade, but was put to sea again the same evening with the rest of the fleet.

The next day May 14.* 1.34 the weather being faire, and the winds moderate, but the fleet out of sight, our generall deter∣mined to go ashoare, to this end, that he might, by making of fires, give signes to the dispersed ships, to come together again into the roade: whereby at last, they were all assembled, ex∣cepting the Swan, lost long time before, and excepting our Portugal prise, called the Mary; which waying in this last storm, the night before, and now lost company, and was not found again in a long time after.

In this place (the people being removed up into the country, belike for feare of our comming) we found neere unto the rocks, in houses made for that purpose, as also in divers other places, great store of Ostriches at least to the number of 50. with much other foule; some dried and some in drying for their provision, as it seemed, to carry with them to the place of their dwellings. The Ostriches thighes were in bignesse ••quall to reasonable legs of mutton, they cannot flie at all; but they run so swiftly, and take so long strides, that it is not possible for a man in running by any meanes to take them, neither yet to come so nigh them, as to have any shot at them either with bow or peece: whereof our men had often proof on other parts of that coast, for all the country is full of them; we found there the tools or instruments which the people use in taking them. Among other means they use in betraying of these Ostriches, they have a great and large plume of feathers, orderly compact together upon the end of a staff; in the forepart beare∣ing the likness of the head, neck, and bulk of an Ostrich; & in the hinder part, spreading it self out very large, sufficient (being holden before him) to hide the most part of the body of a man: with this it seemeth they staulk, driving them into some strait or neck of land close to the sea side; where spreading long and strong nets, with their dogs which they have in readinesse at all

time•••••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 overthrow them, and make a common quarry. The country is very pleasant, and seemeth to be a fruitfull soyle.

Being afterwards driven to fall with this place again, we had great acquaintance & familiarity with the people, who rejoy∣ced greatly in our coming, and in our friendship, in that we had done them no harm. But because this place was not fit or convenient harbor for us, to do our necessary business; niether yet to make provision of such things as we wanted, as Water, Wood, and such like, we departed thence the 15. of May.* 1.35

At our departure thence, we held our course South and by West, and made about 9. leagues in 24. houres; bearing very little saile, that our fleet might the easier get up with us, which by reason of the contrary winds, were cast a stern of us.

In 47. deg. 30. min. we found a bay, which was faire, safe, and beneficiall to us, very necessary for our use; into which we haled, and anchored May 17.* 1.36 and the next day, May 18.* 1.37 we came further into the same bay, where we cast anchor, and made our abode full 15. dayes.

The very first day of our arrivall here, our generall having set things in some order, for the dispatch of our necessary busines, being most carefull for his 2. ships which were wanting, sent forth to the southward, Captain Winter in the Elizabeth vice-admiral; himself in the Admiral, going forth northvvard, into the sea, to see, if happily they might meet vvith either of them: at which time, by the good providence of God, he himself met with the Swan, formerly lost at our departure from the ri∣ver of Plate, and brought her into the same harbor, the same day: where being after unloaden, and discharged of her fraight, she was cast off, and her iron work, & other necessaries being saved, for the better provision of the rest; of the remainder was made firewood, and other implements which we wanted. But all this while, of the other ship which we lost so lately, in our extremity, we could have no newes.

While we were thus imployed, after certain dayes of our stay in this place, being on shoare in an Island nigh unto the

main, where a low water was free passage on foote, from the one to the other; the people of the country did shew them∣selves unto us, with leaping, dancing, and holding up of their hands, and making outcries after their manner: but being then high water, we could not go over to them on foot. Wherefore the generall caused immediatly a boat to be in readiness, and sent unto them such things as he thought would delight them; as knives, bels, bugles, and whereupon they being assembled to∣gether upon a hill, half an English mile from the waters side, sent down two of their company, running one after the other with a great grace, traversing their ground as it seemed after the manner of their wars, by degrees descending towards the waters side very swiftly. Notwithstanding drawing nigh unto it, they made a stay, refusing to come neer our men-which our men perceiving, sent such things as they had tyed with a string upon a rod, and stuck the same up a reasonable distance from them, where they might see it. And assoon as our men were departed from the place, they came and took those things, lea∣ving in stead of them, as in recompence, such feathers as they use to weare about their heads, with a bone made in manner of a toothpick, carved round about the top, and in length about six inches, being very smoothly burnished. Whereupon our Generall, with divers of his Gentlemen and company, at low water went over to them to the maine.

Against his coming they remained still upon the hill, and set themselves in a rank, one by one; appointing one of their company to run before them from the one end of the rank to the other, and so back again, continually East and West, with holding up his Hands over his Head, and yeilding forward his body in his running toward the rising and setting of the Sun: and at every second or third turne at the most, erected his body against the midst of the rank of the people, lifting him∣self vaulting-wise from the ground towards the Moon, be∣ing then over our heads: signifying thereby, as we conceived, that they called the Sunne and Moon (whom they serve for

gods) to witnesse, that they meant nothing towards us but peace. But when they perceived that we ascended the hill apace, and drew nigh unto them, they seemed very fearfull of our comming.

Wherefore our Generall not willing to give them any way any occasion to mislike, or be discomfited, retyred his compa∣ny; whereby they were so allured, and did so therein confirm themselves of us, that we were no enemies, neither meant them harm, that without all fear, divers came down with great speed after us, presently entring into trafique with our men; notwith∣standing they would receive nothing at our hands, but the same must be first cast upon the ground, using this word, zussus for exchange, toytt to cast upon the ground. And if they misliked any thing, they cryed coroh, coroh, speaking the same with rat∣ling in the throat. The wares we received from them were ar∣rows of reeds, feathers, and such bones as are afore described.

This people go naked, except a skin of furre which they cast about their shoulders, when they sit or lie in the cold: but ha∣ving any thing to do, as going or any other labour, they use it as a girdle about their loyns. They weare their haire very long, but lest it might trouble them in their travell, they knit it up with a roll of Ostrich feathers, using the same rolls and haire to∣gether for a quiver for their arrows, and for a store house, in which they carry the most things which they carry about them. Some of them within these rolls stick on either side of their heads (for a sign of honour in their persons) a large and plain feather sheweth like horns afar off: so that such a head upon a naked body (if Divels do appeare with horns) might ve∣ry nigh resemble Divels.

The whole bravery and setting out themselves standeth in painting their bodies with divers colours, and such works as they can devise. Some wash their faces with sulphure, or some such like substance: some paint their whole bodies black, lea∣ving only their necks behind and hefore white, much like our Damosels that weare their squares, their necks and breasts

naked. Some paint one shoulder black, another white, and their sides and legs interchangeably with the same colours, one still contrary to the other. The black part hath set upon it white moons, and the white part black Suns, being the marks and characters of their gods, as is before noted.

They have some commodity by painting of their bodies, for the which cause they use it so generally: and that I gather to be the defence it yeildeth against the piercing and nipping cold. For the colours being close laid on upon their skin, or ra∣ther in the flesh, as by continuall renewing of these juces which are layed on, soakt into the inner part thereof, doth fill up the pores so close that no aire or cold can enter, or make them once to shrink.

They have clean, comely, and strong bodies: they are swift of foot, and seem very active. Neither is any thing more la∣mentable (in my judgment) then that so goodly a people, and so lively creatures of God, should be ignorant of the true and living God. And so much the more is this to be lamented, by how much they are more tractable, and easie to be brought to the sheepfold of Christ: having in truth a land sufficient to re∣compence any christian Prine in the world, for the whole tra∣vell and labour, cost and charges bestowed in that behalf: with a wonderfull enlarging of a kingdome, besides the glory of God by encreasing of the Church of Cstrist.

Its wonderfull to hear, being never known to Christians be∣fore this time, how familiar they became in short space with us,; thinking themselves to be joyned with such a people, as they ought rather to serve, then offer any wrong or injury un∣to: presuming that they might be bold with our generall as with a father, & with us as with brethren & their neer friends; neither seemed their love lesse towards us. One of the chiefest among them having on a time received a cap off our generals head, which he did daily weare, removing himself but a little from us, with an arrow pierced his legge deeply, causing the bloud to stream out upon the ground: signifying thereby, how

unfainedly he loved him, and giving therein a covenant of peace: the number of men which here did frequent our com∣pany, were about fiftie persons. Within, in the Southermost part of this bay, there is a river of fresh water, with a great many profitable Islands; of which, some have alwaies such store of seales or sea-wolves as were able to maintain a huge army of men. Other Islands being many and great, are so re∣plenished with birds and foule, as if there were no other victu∣als, a wonderfull multitude of people might be nourished by the increase of them for many posterities. Of these we killed some with shot, and some with staves, and took some with our hands, from mens heads and shoulders upon which they ligh∣ted. We could not perceive that the people of the country had had any sort of boat or canow, to come to these Islands. Their own provision which they eat, for ought we could perceive, was commonly raw. For we should sometimes find the rem∣nants of Seales all bloudy which they had gnawn with their teeth like dogs: They go all of them armed with a short bow of about an ell in length in their hands, with arrows of reeds, and headed with a flint stone, very cunningly cut and fastned.

This bay by reason of the plenty of Seals therein found (in∣somuch that we killed two hundred in the space of one hour) we called Seale bay. And having now made sufficient provision of victuals and other necessaries, as also happily finished all our businesses, June 3.* 1.38 we set saile from thence; and coasting along towards the pole Antartick June 12.* 1.39 we fell with a little bay, in which we anchored for the space of two dayes spent in the discharging of our Caunter, the Christopher, which we here layed up.

The 14. day we waighed again, and kept on our course south∣ward till the 17. and then cast anchor in another bay in 50. d. 20. min. lacking but little more then one degree,* 1.40 of the mouth of the Straights, through which lay, our so much desired pas∣sage into the south sea.

Here our generall on good advice determined to alter his

course; and turn his stern to the Northward again, if happi∣ly God would grant we might finde our ship and friends whom we lost in the great storm, as is beforesaid. Forasmuch as if we should enter into the Straight without them into our company) it must needs go hard with them; and we also in the mean time as well by their absence, as by the uncertainty of their state, must needs receive no small discomfort.

And therefore June 18.* 1.41 in the morning putting to sea again with harty and often prayers, we joined watchfull industry to serve Gods good providence: and held on our purpose to run back toward the line into the same height, in which they were first dissevered from us.

The 19. day of June toward night,* 1.42 having sailed within a few leagues of port St. Julian, we had our ship in sight: for which we gave God thanks with most joyfull minds. And forasmuch as the ship was far out of order, and very leake, by reason of extremity of weather which she had endured, aswell before her loosing company as in her absence: our Generall thought good to bear into St. Julian with his fleet, because it was so nigh at hand, and so convenient a place: intending there to re∣fresh his wearied men, and cherish them which had in their absence tasted such bitternesse of discomfort besides the want of many things which they sustained.

Thus the next day the 20. of June we entred port Saint Ju∣lian:* 1.43 which standeth in 49. deg. 30. mi. and hath on the South side of the harbor picked rocks like towers, and within the har∣bor many Islands, which you may ride hard aboard off, but in going in you must borrow of the North shoare.

Being now come to anchor, and all things fitted and made safe aboard, our Generall with certain of his company, viz. Thomas Drake his brother, John Thomas, Robert Winter, Oliver the Master Gunner, John Brewer, and Thomes Hood) June 22.* 1.44 rowed further in with a boate to find out some convenient place which might yeild us fresh water, during the time of our abode there, & furnish us with supply for provision, to take to

sea with us at our departure. Which work as it was of great necessity, and therefore carefully to be performed; so did not he think himself discharged of his duty, if he himself bestow∣ed not the first travell therein, as his use was at all times in all other things belonging to the relieving of our wants, and the maintenance of our good estate, by the supplying of what was needfull. Presantly upon his landing he was visited by two of the inhabitants of the place, whom Magellane named Patagous or rather Pentagours from their huge stature, and strength pro∣portionable: these as they seemed greatly to rejoyce at his ari∣vall, so did they shew themselves very familiar, receiving at our generals hands whatsoever he gave them, and taking great pleasure in seeing Master Oliver the master Gunner of the Ad∣mirall, to shoot an English arrow: trying with him to shoot at at length, but came nothing neere him.

Not long after, came one more of the same laste, but of a sowrer sort, for he, misliking of the familiarity which his fel∣lows had used, seemed very angey with them, and strove earne∣stly to withdraw them, and turn them to become our enemies; Which our generall with his men not suspecting in them, used them as before: and one Mr. Robert Winter, thinking of pleasure to shoot an arrow at length. as Mr. Oliver had done before, that he which came last might have a sight thereof, the string of his bow brake; which, as before it was a terror unto them, so now broken, it gave them great incouragement, and boldness, and as they thought, great advantage in their treache∣rous intent and purpose; not imagining that our callivers, swords, and targets, were any munition or weapon of war.

In which perswasion (as the generall with his company were, puietly without any suspition of evill, going down to∣wards his boat) they suddainly being prepared, and gotten by stealth behind him, shot their arrows; and chiefly at him which had the bow, not suffering him to string the same a∣gain, which he was about to have done, as well as he could: but being wounded in the shoulder at the first shot, and turning

about, was sped with an arrow, which pierced his lungs, yet 〈◊〉〈◊〉 fell not. But the Mr. Gunner being ready to shoot of his calli∣ver, which took not fire in levelling thereof, was presently slain outringht. In this extremitie, if our general had not been both expert in such affaires, able to judge, and give present di∣rection in the danger thereof, and had not valiantly thrust him∣self into the dance, against these monsters, there had not one of our men, that there were landed, escaped with life. He there∣fore giving order that no man should keep any certain ground, but shift from place to place, encroaching still upon the ene∣mie, using their targets, and other weapons for the defence of their bodies, and that they should breake so many arrows, as by any meanes they could come by, being shot at them; where∣in he himself was very diligent, and carefull also in calling on them, knowing that their arrows being once spent, they should have these enemies at their devotion and pleasure, to kill or save, and this order being accordingly taken, himself I say with a good courage and trust in the true and living God, take∣ing and shooting off the same piece, which the same Gunner could not make to take fire, dispatched the first beginner of the quarrell, the same man which slew our Mr. Gunner. For the piece being charged with a bullet, and haile shot, and well aimed, tare out his belly and guts, with great torment, as it seemed by his cry, which was so hideous and horrible a roare, as if ten buls had joyned together in roaring, wherewith the courage of his partners was so abated, and their hearts appa∣led, that notwithstanding, divers of their fellows and country∣men appeared out of the woods, on each side yet they were glad, by flying away to save themselves, quietly suffering our men either to depart or stay. Our generall chose rather to de∣part, then to take further revenge of them, ••hich now he might, by reason of his wounded man, whom for many good parts he loved dearly; and therefore would rather have saved him, then slain an hundred enemies, but being pa••t recovery, he dyed the 2. day after his being brought aboard again.

That night our Mr. Gunners body being left ashoare, for the speedier bringing of the other aboard, our generall himself the next day, with his boate well appointed, returned to the shore, to fetch it likewise▪ which they found lying where it was left, but stript off his uppermost garment, and having an English arrow struck in his right eye.

Both of these dead bodies were laid together in one grave, with such reverence, as was fit for the earthen tabernacles of immortall soules; with such commendable ceremonies, as be∣long unto souldiers of worth, in time of war, which they most truly and rightfully deserved.

Magellane was not altogether deceived, in naming of them Giants; for they generally differ from the common sort of men, both in stature, bignesse, and strength of body, as also in the hideousnesse of their voice: but yet they are nothing so monstrous, or Giantlike as they were reported; there being some English men, as tall as the highest of any that we could see, but peradventure, the Spaniards did not think, that ever any English man would come thither to repove them; and thereupon might presume the more boldly to lie: the name Pentagones, five cubits, viz. 7. foot and half, describing the full height (if not some what more) of the highest of them.

But this is certain, that the Spanish cruelties there used, have made them more monstrous, in mind and manners, then they are in body; and more inhospitable, to deale with any strangers that shal come hereafter. For the loss of their friends (the remembrance whereof is assigned and conveighed over from one generation to another, among their posterity) breed∣eth an old grudg, which will not easily be forgotten, with so quarrelsome & revengefull a people. Notwithstanding the ter∣ror which they had conceived of us, did henceforward so quench their heat, & take down their edge, that they both for∣gat revenge, and seeming by their countenance, to repent them of the wrong they had offered us, that meant them no harm, suffered us to doe what we would, the whole space of

two moneths after this, without any interruption or molesta∣tion by them, and it may perhaps be a meanes to breed a peace in that people, towards all that may hereafter this, come that way.

To this evill, thus received at the hands of Infidels, there was adjoyned and grew another mischief, wrought and continued closely among our selves, as great, yea far greater, and of farre more grievous consequence then the former: but that it was, by Gods providence, detected and prevented in time, which else had extended it self, not only to the violent shedding of innocent bloud, by murthering our generall and such others as were most firm and faithfull to him: but also to the finall over∣throw of the whole action intended, and to divers other most dangerous effects.

These plots have been laid before the voyage began in Eng∣land: the very modell of them was shewed and declared to our Generall in his garden at Plimmouth, before his setting saile, which yet he either would not credit, as true or likely, of a person whom he loved so deerely, and was perswaded of to love him likewise unfainedly, or thought by love and benefits, to remove and remedy it, if there were any evill purposes con∣ceived against him.

And therefore, he did not only continue (to this suspected & accused person) all countenance, credit, & courtesies, which he was wont to shew and give him; but increased them, using him in a manner as another himself, and as his most inmost friend: lodging him with himself; giving him the second place, in all companies, in his presence; leaving in his hand, the state as it were of his own person, in his absence; imparting unto him all his counsells; allowing him free liberty in all things that were reasonable; and bearing often at his hands great infirmi∣ties; yea, despising that any private injury, should breake so firm a friendship, as he meant towards him. And therefore, was he oftentimes not a little offended, even with those, who upon conscience of their duty, and knowledge that otherwise

they should indeed offend) disclosed from time to time unto him, how the fire increased, that threatned his own, together with the destruction of the whole action.

But at length, perceiving that his lenity and favours did little good; in that the heat of ambition was not yet allayed, nor could be quenched, as it seemed, but by bloud; and that the manifold practises grew dayly more and more, even to extre∣mities; he thought it high time, to call these practises into que∣ston, before it were too late, to call any question of them into hearing. And therefore setting good watch over him, and as∣sembling all his Captains, and gentlemen of his company to∣gether; he propounded to them, the good parts which were in the gentleman, the great good will, and inward affection, more then brotherly, which he had ever, since his first acquaintance born him, not omitting the respect which was had of him, among no mean personages in England; and afterwards de∣livered the letters, which were written to him, with the parti∣culars from time to time, which had been observed, not so much by himself, as by his good friends; not only at sea, but e∣ven at Plimmouth; not bare words but writings; not writings a∣lone, but actions, tending to the overthrow of the service in hand, and making away of his person.

Proofs were required and alleadged, so many, and so evident, that the Gentleman himself, stricken with remorse of his in∣considerate and unkind dealing, acknowledged himself to have deserved death, yea many deaths; for that he conspired, not only the overthrow of the action, but of the principall Actor also, who was not a stranger or ill-willer, but a deare and true friend unto him: and therefore in a great assembly openly besought them, in whose hands justice rested, to take some or∣der for him; that he might not be compelled, to enforce his own hands, against his own bowels, or otherwise to become his own executioner.

The admiration and astonishment hereat, in all the hearers even those which were his neerest friends, and most affected

him was great, yea in those, which for many benefits received from him, had good cause to love him: but yet the generall was most of all distracted; and therefore withdrew himself, as not able to conceale his tender affection, requiring them that had heard the whole matter, to give their judgements, as they would another day answer it unto their Prince, and unto Al∣mighty God, judge of all the earth. Therefore they all, above 40. in number, the chiefest in place and judgment in the whole fleet, after they had discussed diversly of the case, and alledged whatsoever came in their mindes, or could be there produced by any of his other friends, with their own hands, under seale adjuged that: He had deserved death: and that it stood, by no means with their safety, to let him live: and therefore, they remitted the manner thereof, with the rest of the circumstances to the generall.

This judgement, and as it were assize, was held a land, in one of the Islands of that port; which afterwards, in memory here∣of was called, the Island of true justice and judgment.

Now after this verdict was thus returned unto our generall (unto whom, for his company, her Majesty before his depar∣ture, had committed her sword, to use for his safety, with this word: We do account that he which striketh at thee Drake, striketh at us) he called for the guilty party, and caused to be read unto him, the severall verdicts which were written, & propounded of him, which being acknowledg'd for the most part (for none had given heavier sentence against him, then he had given a∣gainst himself, our Generall proposed unto him this choyce: Whether he would take to be executed in this Island? or to be set a land on the main? or return into England, there to answer his deed before the Lords of her Majesties Counsell?

He most humbly thanked the Generall for his clemency, ex∣tended towards him in such ample sort: and craving some re∣spit to consult thereon, and so make his choyce advisedly: the next day he returned this answer, that, Albeit he had yeelded in his heart, to entertain so great a sin; as whereof now he was justly condemned: yet he had a care, and that excelling all other cares,

to dye a christian man, that whatsoever did become of his clay body, he might remain assured of an eternall inheritance, in a far better life. This he feared, if he should be set a land among Infidels, how he should be able to maintain this assurance, feeling in his own frail∣tie, how mighty the contagion is of lewd custome. And therefore he besought the Generall most earnestly, that he would yet have a care, and regard of his soul; and never jeapard it amongst hea∣then and savage Infidels. If he should return into England, he must first have a ship, and men to conduct it, with sufficient victu∣als: two of which though they were had, yet for the third, he thought no man would accompanie him, in so sad a message, to so vile an is∣sue, from so honourable a service. But if that there were, which could induce their minds, to return with him; yet the very shame of the return, would be as death, or grievouser if it were possible: because he should be so long a dying, and dye so often. Therefore he profes∣sed, that with all his heart, he did imbrace the first branch of the Generals proffer; desiring only his favour, that they might receive the holy communion, once again together before his death; and that he might not dye other then a Gentlemans death.

Though sundry reasons were used by many to perswade him to take either of the other wayes: yet when he remained reso∣lute in his former determination, both parts of his last request were granted: and the next convenient day, a communion was celebrated, by Mr. Francis Fletcher, preacher and pastor of the fleet at that time. The Generall himself communicated in this sacred ordinance, with this condemned penitent Gentleman; who shewed great tokens of a contrite and repentant heart, as who was more deeply displeased with his own act, then any man else. And after this holy repast, they denyed also at the same table together, as chearfully in sobriety, as ever in their lives they had done aforetime: each cheering up the other, and taking their leave, by drinking each to other, as if some jour∣ney only had been in hand.

After dinner, all things being brought in readiness, by him that supplyed the room of the provost Marshall; without any

dallying, or delaying the time, he came forth, and kneeled down, preparing at once, his neck for the axe, and his spirit for heaven: which having done, without long ceremony, as who had before digested this whole Tragedy, he desired all the rest to pray for him, and willed the Executioner to doe his offices not to feare nor spare.

Thus having by the worthy manner of his death (being much more honorable by it, then blameable for any other of his actions) fully blotted out, what ever stain, his fault might seem to bring upon him; he left unto our fleet, a lamentable example of a goodly Gentleman, who in seeking advancement unfit for him, cast away himself: and unto posterity a monu∣ment, of I know not what fatal calamity, incident to that port, and such like actions, which might happily afford a new pair of parallels, to be added to Plutarchs: in that the same place, neere about the same time of the year, witnessed the executi∣on of 2. gentlemen, suffring both for the like cause, imployed both in like service, entertained both in great place, endued both with excellent qualities, the one 58. year after the other.

For on the main, our men found a gibbet, fallen down, made of a spruce mast, with mens bones underneath it, which they conjectured to be the same gibbet, which Magellane comman∣ded to be erected, in the yeare 1520. for the execution of John Carthagene the Bishop of Burgos Cosen, who by the Kings or∣der, was joyned with Magellane in commission, and made his Vice-Admirall.

In the Island, as we digged to bury this gentleman, we found a great grinding-stone, broken in two parts, which we took and set fast in the ground, the one part at the head, the other at the feet, building up the middle space, with other stones and turfes of earth, and engraved in the stones, the names of the par∣ties buried there, with the time of their departure, and a me∣moriall of our Generals name in Latine, that it might the bet∣ter be understood, of all that should come after us.

These things thus ended, and set in order, our generall dis∣charging

the Mary, viz. our Portugal prise, beause she was leake and troublesome, defaced her; and then left her ribs and keel upon the Island: where for two moneths together we had pitched our tents. And so having wooded, watred, trimmed our ships, dispatched all our other businesses, and brought our fleet into the smalest number, even 3. only, besides our pinna∣ces, that we might the easier keep our selves together, be the better furnished with necessaries, and be the stronger mand, a∣gainst whatsoever need should be, Agust 17. we departed out of this port, and being now in great hope, of a happy issue to our enterprise, which Almighty God hitherto had so blest & prospered, we set our course for the Straights, southwest.

August 20. we fell with the Cape; neere which lies the en∣trance into the Sraight, called by the Spaniards, Capo virgin Maria, appearing 4. leagues before you come to it with high and steep gray cliffs, full of black stars, against which the sea beating, sheweth as it were the spoutings of Whales, having the highest of the cape, like cape Vincent in Portugal: at this cape our Generall caused his fleet, in homage to our soveraign lady the Queens Majesty, to strike their top-sailes upon the bunt, as a token of his willing and glad mind, to shew his duti∣ful obedience to her highnes, whom he acknowledged to have ful interest and right in that new discovery; and withall, in remembrance of his most honourable friend, Sir Christopher Hatton, he changed the name of the ship, which himself went in, from the Pellican to be called the golden Hind; which cere∣monies being ended, together with a sermon, teaching true o∣bedience, with prayers and giving of thanks for her Majesty, and most honorable counsel, with the whole body of the com∣monweale, and church of God, we continued our course on into the said frete, where passing with land in sight on both sides, we shortly fell with so narrow a strait, as carrying with it much wind, often turnings, and many dangers-requireth an ex∣pert judgment in him that shall passe the same, it lyeth W.N.W. and E. south East: but having left his strait a stern, we

seemed to become out of a river of two leagues broade, into a large and main sea; having the night following, an Iland in sight, which (being in height nothing inferior to the Island ••o∣go, before spoken of) burning (like it also) aloft in the aire▪ in a wonderfull sort, without intermission.

It hath formerly been received as an undoubted truth, that the seas, following the course of the first mover, from the east to west, have a continuall current through this straite, but our experience found the contrary: the ebbings and flowings here, being as orderly (in which the water rises and fals more then 5. fathoms upright) as on other coasts.

The 24. of August being Bartholomew day, we fell with 3. Islands, bearing trianglewise one from another, one of them was very faire and large, and of a fruitful soile, upon which be∣ing next unto us, and the weather very calm, our Generall with his Gentlemen, and certain of his Marriners, then land∣ed; taking possession thereof in her Majesties name, and to her use, and called the same Elizabeth Island.

The other two, though they were not so large, nor so fair to the eye, yet were they to us exceeding usefull, for in them we found great store of strange birds, which could not fly at all, nor yet run so fast, as that they could escape us with their lives, in body they are less then a goose, and bigger then a mallard, short and thick set together, having no feathers, but insteed thereof, a certain hard and matted down; their beakes are not much unlike the bils of crows, they lodg and breed upon the land, where making earths, as the conies do, in the ground, they lay their egs, and bring up their young; their feeding and provision to live on, is in the sea, where they swim in such sort as nature may seem to have granted them no small preroga∣tive in swiftness, both to prey upon others, and themselves to escape from any others that seek to cease upon them, & such was the infinite resort of these birds to these Ilands, that in the space of 1. day, we killed no les then 3000. & if the increase be according to the number, it is not to be thought, that the world

hath brought forth, a greater blessing in one kind of creature in so small a circuit, so necessarily and plentifully serving the use of man, they are a very good and wholesome victuall: our Generall named these Islands, the one Bartholomew, according to the day; the other Saint Georges, in honour of England, ac∣cording to the ancient custome there observed.

In the Island of Saint George, we found the body of a man, so long dead before, that his bones would not hold together, be∣ing moved out of the place whereon they lay.

From these Islands, to the entrance into the south sea, the frete is very crooked; having many turnings, & as it were shut∣ings up, as if there were no passage at al, by means whereof, we were often troubled with contrary winds, so that some of our ships recovering a cape of land, entring another reach, the rest were forced to alter their course, and come to anchor where they might. It is true which Magellane reporteth of this pas∣sage: namely that there be many faire harbours, and store of fresh water; but some ships had need to be fraughted with nothing else, besides anchors and cables, to find ground in most of them, to come to anchor; which when any extreame gusts or contrary winds do come (whereunto the place is altoge∣ther subject) is a great hindrance to the passage, and carryeth with it no small danger.

The land on both sides is very high and mountainous, ha∣ving on the North and west side the continent of America, and on the south and East part, nothing but Islands: among which, lye innumerable fretes or passages into the south sea. The mountains arise with such tops, and spires into the aire, & of so rare a height, as they may wel be accounted amogst the wonders of the world; environed as it were, with many regi∣ons of congealed clouds, and frozen meteors, whereby they are continually fed and increased, both in the height and bigness, from time to time, retaining that which they have once recei∣ved, being little again diminished by the heat of the sun, as be∣ing so farre from reflexion, and so nigh the cold and frozen Region.

But notwithstanding all this, yet are the low and plaine grounds very fruitfull, the grasse green and naturall, the heards that are of very strange sorts, good and many; the trees for the most part of them alwaies green; the aire of the tempe∣rature of our countrey; the water most pleasant; and the soile agreeing to any grain which we have growing in our country: a place no doubt, that lacketh nothing, but a people to use the same to the Creators glory, and the encreasing of the Church: the people inhabiting these parts, made fires as we passed by in divers places.

Drawing nigh the entrance of the south sea, we had such a shutting up to the northward, and such large and open fretes toward the south, that it was wonderful which way we should passe, without further discovery: for which cause, our Generall having brought his fleet to anchor under an Island; himself with certain of his Gentlemen, rowed in a boat to descry the passage, who having discovered a sufficient way towards the North, in their return to their ships, met a Cannow under the same Island, where we rode then at anchor, having in her di∣vers persons.

This Cannow or Foate was made of the barke of divers trees, having a prow and a stern standing up, and semicircle∣wise yeelding inward, of one form and fashion; the body whereof was a most dainty mould, bearing in it most comely proportion, and excellent workmanship; insomuch as to our Generall and us, it seemed never to have been done, without the cunning and expert judgment of art, and that not for the use of so rude and barbarous a people, but for the pleasure of some great and noble personage, yea of some Prince: It had no other closing up or caulking in the seames, but the stichin with thongs, made of Sealeskins, or other such beast, and yet so close that it received very little or no water at all.

The people are of a meane stature, but well set and compact in all their parts and lims; they have great pleasure in paint∣ing their faces, as the others have, of whom we have spoken:

before. Within the said Island they had a house of mean buil∣ding of certain poles, and covered with skins of beasts; ha∣ving therein fire, water, and such meat, as commonly they can come by: as Seales, Mussels, and such like.

The vessels wherein they kept their water, and their cups in which they drink, are made of barks of trees, as was their ca∣now: and that with no lesse skill (for the bignesse of the thing) being of a very formal shape and good fashion. Their working tools, which they use in cutting these things and such other, are knives made of most huge and monstrous mussel shels (the like whereof have not been seen or heard of lightly by any travellers; the meat thereof being very savoury and good in eating) which after they have broken off the thinne and brittle substance of the edge, they rub and grinde them upon stones had for the purpose, til they have tempered and set such an edg upon them, that no wood is so hard but they will cut it at plea∣sure with the same: whereof we our selves had experience. Yea they cut therewith bones of a marvellous hardnesse; making of them fisgies to kill fish, wherein they have a most pleasant exercise with great dexterity.

* 1.45The sixth of September we had left astern us all these trou∣blesome Islands, and were entred into the south sea, or Mare del zur▪ at the cape whereof, our generall had determined with his whole company to have gone a shoare, and there after a sermon to have left a monument of her Majesty ingraven in mettal, for a perpetuall remembrance, which he had in a rea∣diness for that end prepared: but neither was there any ancho∣ring, neither did the wind suffer us to make a stay.

Only this by all our mens observations was concluded; that the entrance, by which we came into this strait, was in 52. deg. the middest in 53. deg. 15. m. and the going out in 52. d. 30. m. being 150. leagues in length: at the very entry, supposed also to be about 10. leagues in bredth. After we were entred ten leagues within it, it was found not past a league in breadth: far∣ther within, in some places very large, in some very narrow: &

in the end found to be no strait at all, but all Islands.

Now when our Generall perceived that the nipping cold, under so cruel a frowning winter, had impaired the health of some of his men; he meant to have made the more hast a∣gain toward the line, and not to sayle any farther towards the pole Antartick, lest being farther from the Sun, and neerer the cold, we might happily be overtaken with some greater dan∣ger of sicknesse. But God giving men leave to purpose, reser∣veth to himself the disposition of all things: making their in∣tents of none effect, or changing their meanings oft times clean into the contrary, as may best serve for his own glory and their profit.

For September 7.* 1.46 the second day after our entrance into the South sea (called by some Mare pacificum, but proving to us ra∣ther to be Mare furiosum.) God by a contrary wind and intol∣lerable tempest, seemed to set himself against us: forcing us not only to alter our course and determination, but with great trouble, long time, many dangers, hard escapes, and final sepa∣rating of our fleet, to yeild our selves unto his will. Yea such was the extremity of the tempest, that it appeared to us as if he had pronounced a sentence, not to stay his hand, nor to withdraw his judgment till he had buried our bodies and ships also, in the bottomlesse depth of the raging sea.

In the time of this incredible storm, the 15. of September,* 1.47 the Moon was eclipsed in Aries, and darkned about three points, for the space of two glasses: which being ended, might seem to give us some hope of alteration & change of weather to the better. Notwitstanding, as the ecclipticall conflict could adde nothing to our miserable estate, no more did the ending thereof ease us any thing at all; nor take away any part of our troubles from us, but our eclipse continued still in its full force so prevailing against us, that for the space of ful 52. days toge∣ther, we were darkned more then the Moon by 20. parts, or more then we by any means could ever have preserved, or re∣covered light of our selves again, if the Sonne of God which

layed this burthen upon our backs, had not mercifully born it up with his own shoulders, and upheld us by his own pow∣er, beyond any possible strength or skil of man. Neither indeed did we at all escape, but with the feelling of great discomforts through the same.

For these violent and extraordinary flawes (such as seldome have been seen) still continuing, or rather increasing, September 30.* 1.48 in the night, caused the sorrow separation of the Mari∣gold from us, in which was Captain John Thomas, with many others of our deare friends: who by no meanes that we could conceive could help themselves, but by spooming along before the sea. With whom albeit we could never meet again, yet (our generall having aforehand given order, that if any of our fleet did loose company, the place of resort to meet againe should be in 30. deg. or thereabouts, upon the coasts of Peru, toward the Equinoctiall) we long time hoped (till experience shewed our hope was vain) that there we should joyfully meet with them: especially for that they were well provided of vi∣ctuals, and lackt no skilfull and sufficient men (besides their Captain) to bring forwards the ship to the place appointed.

From the seventh of September (in which the storm began) till the seventh of October we could not by any means recover any land (having in the mean time been driven so far South,* 1.49 as to the 37. deg. and somewhat better) on this day towards night, somewhat to the Northward of that Cape of America, (whereof mention is made before in the description of our de∣parture from the strait into the sea) with a sorry saile we en∣tred a harbour: where hoping to enjoy some freedome & ease till the storm was ended we received within few houres after our coming to anchor, so deadly a stroke and hard entertain∣ment, that our Admirall left not only an anchor behind her, through the violence and furie of the flaw; but in departing thence, also lost the company and sight of our Vice-Amirall, the Elizabeth: partly through the negligence of those that had the charge of her, partly through a kind of desire that some in

her had to be out of these troubles, and to be at home again▪ which (as since is known) they thence forward by all meanes assayed and performed. For the very next day October 8.* 1.50 reco∣vering the mouth of the straits again (which we were now so neere unto) they returned back the same way by which they came forward, and coasting Brasil, they arrived in England June 2. the yeare following.

So that now our Admirall if she had retained her old name of Pellican, which she bare at our departure from our country, she might have been now indeed said to be as a Pellican alone in the wildernesse. For albeit our Generall sought the rest of his fleet with great care, yet could we not have any sight or certain newes of them by any meanes.

From this bay of parting of friends, we were forcibly driven back again into 55. deg. towards the pole Antartick. In which height we ran in among the Islands before mentioned, lying to the Southward of America, through which we passed from one sea to the other, as hath been declared▪ Where com∣ing to anchor, we found the waters there to have their in∣draught and free passage, and that through no small guts, or narrow channels, but indeed through as large fretes or straits, as it hath at the supposed streights of Megellane through which we came.

Among these Islands, making our abode with some quietne•• for a very little while, (viz. two dayes) and finding divers good and wholesome herbs together with fresh water; our men which before were weake, and much empaired in their health▪ began to receive good comfort: especially by the drinking of one herb (not much unlike that herb which we commonly call Penny-leaf) which purging with great facility afforded great help and refreshing to our wearied and sickly bodies. But the winds returning to their old wont, and the seas raging after their former manner, yea every thing as it were setting it self against our peace and desired rest, here was no stay per∣mitted, neither any safety to be looked for.

For such was the present danger by forcing and continuall flaws, that we were rather to look for present death then hope for any delivery, if God almighty should not make the way for us. The winds were such as if the bowels of the earth had set all at liberty; or as if the clouds under heaven had been called together, to lay their force on that one place: the seas, which by nature and of themselves are heavy, and of a weighty sub∣stance, were rowled up from the depths, even from the roots of the rocks, as if it had been a scroll of parchment, which by the extremity of heat runneth together: and being aloft were car∣ried in most strange manner & abundance, as feathers or drifts of snow, by the violence of the winds, to water the exceeding tops of high and lofty mountains. Our anchors, as false friends in such a danger, gave over their holdfast, and as if it had been with horror of the thing, did shrink down to hide themselves in this miserable storm; committing the distressed ship and helplesse men to the uncertain rowling seas, which tossed them, like a ball in a racket. In this case, to let fall more anchors would availe us nothing; for being driven from our first place of ancoring, so unmeasurable was the depth, that 500. fathom would fetch no ground: so that the violent storm without in∣termission; the impossibility to come to anchor; the want of opportunity to spread any saile; the most mad seas; the lee shores; the dangerous rocks; the contrary and most intolerable winds; the impossible passage out; the desperate tarrying there; and inevitable perils on every side, did lay before us so small likelihood to escape present destruction, that if the spe∣ciall providence of God himself had not supported us, we could never have endured that wofull state: as being invironed with most terrible and most fearful judgments round about. For tru∣ly, it was more likely that the mountains should have been rent in sunder, from the top to the bottom, and cast hedlong into the sea, by these unnaturall winds; then that we, by any help or cunning of man, should free the life of any one amongst us.

Notwithstanding the same God of mercy which delivered

Jonas out of the Whales belly and heareth all those that call upon him faithfully in their distres; looked down from heaven beheld our tears, and heard our humble petitions, joyned with holy vows. Even God (whom not the winds and seas alone, but even the Divels themselves and powers of hell obey) did so wonderfully free us, and make our way open before us, as it were by his holy Angels stil guiding and conducting us, that more then the affright and amaze of this estate, we received no part of damage in all the things that belonged unto us.

But escaping from these straites and miseries, as it were through the needlesey (that God might have the greater glory in our delivery) by the great and effectuall care and travell of our Generall, the Lords instrument therein; we could now no longer forbeare, but must needs find some place of refuge, as∣well to provide water, wood, and other necessaries, as to com∣fort our men, thus worn and tyred out, by so many and so long intollerable toyls: the like whereof, it to be supposed, no tra∣veller hath felt, neither hath their ever been such a tempest (that any records make mention of) so violent, and of such continuance, since Noahs flood, for as hath been said it lasted from September 7. to October 28. full 52. dayes.

Not many leagues therefore to the southwards of our for∣mer anchoring, we ran in again among these Islands; where we had once more better likelihood to rest in peace: and so much the rather, for that we found the people of the country travelling for their living, from one Island to another, in their canows, both men, women, and young infants wrapt in skins, and hanging at their mothers backs; with whom he had tra∣fique for such things as they had, as chains of certain shels and such other trifles; here the Lord gave us three days to breath our selves, and to provide such things as we wanted, albeit the same was with continuall care, and troubles to avoid im∣minent dangers, which the troubled seas and blustering winds did every hour threaten unto us.

But when we seemed to have stayed there too two long, we

more rigorously assaulted by the not formerly ended, but now more violently renewed storm; and driven them also with no small danger; leaving behind us the greater part of our cable with the anchor; being chased along by the winds, and buffeted incessantly in each quarter by the seas (which our Generall in∣terpreted, as though God had sent them of purpose to the end which ensued) till at length we fell with the uttermost part of land towards the south pole, and had certainly discovered how far the same doth reach southward, from the coast of Ame∣rica aforenamed.

The uttermost Cape or hedland of all these Islands, stands neere in the 56. deg. without which there is no main, nor Iland to be seen to the southwards: but that the Atlantick Ocean, and the south sea, meet in a most large and free scope.

It hath been a dreame through many ages, that these Islands have been a maine, and that it hath been terra incognita; wherein many strange monsters lived. Indeed it might truly, be¦fore this time, be called incognota, for howsoever the maps & generall descriptions of Cosmographers, either upon the deceive∣able reports of other men, or the deceitfull imaginations of themselves (supposing never herein to be corrected) have set it down, yet it is true, that before this time, it was never discove∣red, or certainly known by any traveller, that we have heard of.

And here as in a fit place, it shall not be a misse to remove that error in opinion, which hath been held by many, of the impossible return, out of Mar del zur, into the West Ocean; by reason of the supposed Eastern current, and leavant winds: which (say they) speedily carry any thither, but suffer no re∣turn. They are herein likewise altogether deceived: for neither did we meet with any such current, neither had we any such certain winds, with any such speed to carry us through; but at all times in our passage there, we found more opportunity to return back again into the west Ocean, then to goe forward into Mar del zur, by meanes, either of current, or winds to

hinder us, whereof we had experience more then we wished: being glad oftentimes to alter our course, and to fall a stern a∣gain, with francke wind (without any impediment of any such surmised current) farther in one afternoon, then we could fetch up, or recover again in a whole day, with a reasonable gale. And in that they allege the narrownesse of the frete, and want of sea-rome, to be the cause of this violent current; they are herein no lesse deceived, then they were in the other with∣out reason: for besides, that it cannot be said, that there is one only passage, but rather innumerable; it is most certain, that a sea-board all these Islands, there is one large and main sea, wherein if any will not be satisfied, nor believe the report of our experience and eyesight, he should be advised to suspend his judgment, till he hath either tryed it himself, by his own travell, or shall understand by other travellers, more particu∣lars to confirm his mind therein.

Now as we were fallen to the uttermost part of these Ilands October 28.* 1.51 our troubles did make an end, the storm ceased, and all our calamities (only the absence of our friends excepted) were removed, as if God, all this while, by his secret provi∣dence, had led us to make his discouery; which being made, according to his will he stayed his hand, as pleased his majesty therein, and refreshed us as his servants.

At these Southerly parts we found the night, in the latter end of October, to be but 2. houres long: the Sun being yet above 7. degrees distant from the Tropick: so that it seemeth, being in the Tropick, to leave very little, or no night at all in that place.

There be few of all these Islands, but have some inhabitants, whose manners, apparel, houses, Cannows, and meanes of li∣vings, is like unto those formerly spoken of, a little before our departure out of the Straight. To all these Islands, did our Ge∣nerall give one name, to wit, Elizabethides.

After two daies stay, which we made in and about these I∣lands, the 30. of October we set saile;* 1.52 shaping our course right

Northwest, to coast along the parts of Peru (for so the gene∣rall maps set out the land to lie, both for that we might wi••h convenient speed, sal with the height of 30. deg. being the place appointed, for the rest of our fleet to re-assemble; as also that no opportunity might be lost, in the mean time to finde them out, if it seemed good to God to direct them to us.

In this course, we chanced (the next day) with two Islands, being as it were store-houses, of most liberall provision of vi∣ctuals for us, of birds; yeiding not only sufficient and plentiful store, for us who were present, but enough to have served all the rest also which were absent.

Thence (having furnished our selves to our content) we con∣tinued our course November 1.* 1.53 still Northwest, as we had for∣merly done, but in going on, we soon espied, that we might ea∣sily have been deceived: and therefore casting about, and steering upon another point, we found that the generall maps did erre from the truth, in setting down the coast of Peru, for 12. deg. at least to the Northward, of the supposed strait; no lesse then is the Northwest point of the compasse, different from the Northeast, perceiving hereby, that no man, had ever by travell, discovered any part of these 12. deg. and there∣fore the setters sorth of such descriptions, are not to be tru∣sted; much lesse honored in their false and fraudulent conje∣ctures; which they use, not in this alone, but in divers other points of no small importance.

We found this part of Peru, all alongst to the height of Lima which is 12. deg. South of the line, to be mountenous and ve∣ry barren, without water or wood, for the most part, except in certain places inhabited by the Spaniards and few others, which are very fruitfull and commodious.

After we were once again thus fallen with the land, we con∣tinually coasted along, til we came to the height of 37. deg. or thereabout: & finding no convenient place of abode, nor like∣lihood to hear any news of our ships, we ran off again with an Island, which lay in sight, named of the Spaniards Mucho, by

reason of the greatnesse and large circuit thereof.

At this Island coming to anchor, Novem. 25.* 1.54 we found it to be a fruitfull place, and well stored with sundry sorts of good things, as sheep, and other cattell, maize, which is a kinde of grain whereof they make bread, potatoes, with such other roots: besides that, it is thought to be wonderful rich in gold, and to want no good thing for the use of mans life. The inha∣bitants are such Indians, as by the cruel & most extream dea∣ling of the Spaniards, have been driven to fly from the maine, here to relieve and fortifie themselves. With this people, our Generall thought it meet to have traffique, for frew victuals & water: and for that cause, the very same night of our arrivall there, himself with divers of his company went a shoare, to whom the people with great courtesie came down, bringing with them such fruits and other victuals as they had, and two very fat sheep, which they gave our Generall for a present. In recompence whereof, we bestowed upon them again many good and necessary things; signifying unto them, that the end of his coming was for no other cause, but by way of exchang to traffique with them for such things as we needed, and they could spare: and in particular, for such as they had alreadie brought down upon us, besides fresh water, which we desired of them. Herein they held themselves well contented, and see∣med to be not a little joyfull of our coming: appointing where we should the next morning have fresh water at pleasure, & withall signifying that then also they would bring us down such other things as we desired to serve our turns.

The next day therefore very early in the morning (all things being made ready for traffique, as also vessels prepar'd to bring the water) our generall taking great care for so necessary pro∣vision, repaired to the shoare again; and setting a land two of his men, sent with them their Bar••icoes to the watering place assigned the night before. Who having peaceably past on one half of the way, were then with no small violence set upon by those traitorous people, and suddenly slain and to the end that

our generall with the rest of his company should not only be stayed from rescuing them, but also might fall (if it were pos∣sible) into their hands in like manner, they had layed closely behind the rocks an ambushment of (as we guessed) about 500 mer, armed and wel appointed for such a mischief. Who sud∣denly attempting their purpose (the rocks being very dange∣rous for the boat, and the sea-gate exceeding great) by shoot∣ing their arrows hurt & wounded every one of our men,* 1.55 before they could free themselves, or come to the use of their weap∣ons to do any good. The generall himself was shot in the face, under his right eye, & close by his nose, the arrow piercing a marvellous way in, under basis cerebri, with no small danger of his life; besides that, he was grievously wounded in the head▪ The rest being nine persons in the boat, were deadly wounded in divers parts of their bodies, if God almost miraculously had not given cure to the same. For our chief Surgeon being dead and the other absent by the loss of our vice-admirall, and ha∣ving none left us but a boy, whose good will was more then a∣ny skil he had, we were little better then altogether destitute of such cunning & helps as so grievous a state of so many woun∣ded bodies did require. Notwithstanding God, by the good advice of our Generall, and the diligent putting too of every mans help,* 1.56 did give such speedy & wonderful cure, that we had all great comfort thereby, and yeilded God the glory thereof.

The cause of this force and injury by these Ilanders, was no other but the deadly hatred which they bear against their civil enemies the Spaniards, for the bloudy and most tirannous op∣pression which they had used towards them. And therefore with purpose against them (suspecting us to be Spaniards in∣deed, and that the rather, by occasion that though command was given to the contrary, some of our men in demanding wa∣ter, used the spanish word aqua, sought some part of revenge a∣gainst us. Our generall notwithstanding he might have reven∣ged this wrong with little hazard or danger; yet more desirous to preserve one of his own men alive▪ then to destroy 100. of

his enemies, committed the same to God: wishing this only punishment to them, that they did but know whom they had wronged; and that they had done this injury not to an enemy but to a friend; not to a Spaniard, but to an Englishman; who woud rather have been a patron to defend them, then any way an instrument of the least wrong that should have beene done unto them. The weapons which this people use in their wars, are arrows of Reeds, with heads of stone, very brittle and indented, but darts of a great length, headed with iron or bone.

The same day that we receiv'd this dangerous affront, in the afternoon we set saile from thence; and because we were now nigh the appointed height, wherein our ships were to be look∣ed for, as also the extremity and crasie state of our hurt men advising us to use expedition, to finde some convenient place of repose, which might afford them some rest, and yeild us ne∣cessary supply of fresh victuals for their diet; we bent our course, as the wind would suffer us, directly to run in with the main. Where falling with a bay, called Philips bay, in 32. de. or thereabout, Nov. 30.* 1.57 we came to anchor: and forthwith man∣ned and sent our boat to discover what likelihood the place would offer to afford us such things as we stood in need of.

Our boat doing her utmost endeaver in a diligent search, yet after long travel could find no appearance of hope for relief, either of fresh victuals, or of fresh water: huge heads of wilde buffs they might discern, but not so much as any sign of any inhabitant thereabout. Yet in their return to us, they descryed within the bay, an Indian with his Canow as he was a fishing: him they brought aboard our generall, canow and all as he was in it. A comely personage, and of a goodly stature▪ his apparel wss a white garment, reaching scarcely to his knees; his arms and legs were naked; his haire vpon his head very long; with∣out a beard, as all the Indians for the most part are. He seem∣ed very gentle, of mild and humble nature, being very tracta∣ble to learn the use of every thing, and most gratefull for such things as our Generall bestowed upon him▪ In him we might

see a most lively pattern of the harmless disposition of that people; and how grievous a thing it is that they should by any means be so abused as all those are, whom the Spaniards have any command or power over.

This man being courteously entertained, and his pains of co∣ming double requited; after we had shewed him, partly by signs, and partly by such things as we had, what things we needed, and would gladly receive by his means, upon exchang of such things as he would desire; we sent him away with our boat and his own canow (which was made of Reed straw) to land him where he would. Who being landed, and willing our men to stay his return, was immediately met by two or three of his friends; to whom imparting his news, & shewing what gifts he had received, he gave so great content, that they wil∣lingly furthered his purpose; so that after certain hours of our mens abode there, he with divers others (among whom was their head or Captain) made their return; bringing with them their loadings of such things as they thought would doe us good: as some hens, egs, a fat hog, and such like. All which (that our men might be without all suspition of all evill to be meant & intended by them) they sent in one of their canows, a reasonable distance from off the shoare, to our Boat, the sea-gate being at the present very great, and their Captain having sent back his horse, would needs commit himself to the credit of our men, though strangers, and come with them to our Ge∣nerall, without any of his own acquaintance or countrimen with him.

By his coming as we understood, that there was no meane or way, to have our necessities relieved in this place; so he of∣fered himself to be our Pilot, to a place and that a good harbo∣rough, not far back to the Southward again: where, by way of traffique, we might have at pleasure, both water, and those other things which we stood in need of. This offer our Gene∣rall very gladly received, and so much the rather, for that the place intended, was neer about the place appointed, for the

Randevouse of our fleet. Omitting therefore our purpose, of pursuing the buffs formerly spoken of, of which we had other∣wise determined, if possible to have killed some; this good news of better provision, and more easie to come by, drew us away: and so the 5. day after our arrivall, viz. December 4.* 1.58 we departed hence, and the next day December 5.* 1.59 by the willing conduct of our new Indian Pilot, we came to anchor in the de∣sired harbor.

This harbor the Spaniards call valperizo, and the town ad∣joyning St. James of Chinly, it stands in 35. deg. 40. min. where albeit we neither met with our ships, nor heard of them, yet there was no good thing which the place afforded, or which our necessities indeed for the present required, but we had the same in great abundance: amongst other things we found in the town divers storehouses of the wines of Chilie; and in the harbor, a ship called the Captain of Moriall, or the grand Cap∣tain of the South, Admirall to the Islands of Salamon; loaden for the most part, with the same kind of liquors: onely there was besides, a certain quantity of fine gold of Baldivia and a great cross of gold beset wit Emeraulds, on which was nailed a god of the same mettal, we spent some time in refre••hing our selves, and easing this ship of sol easy a burthen: and on the 8. day of the same moneth (having in the mean time, suffi∣ciently stored our selves with necessaries, as wine, bread, bacon &c. for a long season) we set sail, returning back towards the line; carrying again our Indian pilot with u••▪ whom our gene∣rall bountefully rewarded, and enriched with many good things, which pleased him exceedingly, and caused him, by the way, to be landed in the place where he desired.

Our necessities being thus to our content relieved, our next care was the regaining (if possible) of the company of our ships, so long severed from us: neither would any thing have sa∣tisfied our general, or us so wel, as the happy meeting, or good news of them, this way therefore (all other thoughts, for the present set apart) were all our studies and endeavours bent▪

how to fit it so, as that no opportunity of meeting them might be passed over.

To this end, considering that we could not conveniently run in with our ship (in search of them) to every place where was likelihood of being in harbor; and that our boat was to little, and unable to carry men enough, to encounter the malice or treachery of the Spaniards (if we should by any chance meet with any of them) who are used to shew no mercy, where they may overmaster; and therefore meaning not to hazard our selves to their cruel courtesie; we determined, as we coa∣sted now towards the line, to search diligently for some con∣venient place, where we might in peace and safety, stay the triming of our ship, and the erecting of a pinnace, in which we might have better security, then in our boat, and without en∣dangering of our ship, by running into each creek, leave no place untried, if happily we might so finde again our friends and countrimen.

For this cause December 19.* 1.60 we entred a bay, not far to the Southward of the town, of Cyppo now inhabited by the Spa∣niards, in 29. deg, 30. min. where having landed certain of our men, to the number of 14, to search what conveniency the place was likely to afford for our abiding there; we were im∣mediately descried by the Spaniards, of the town of Cyppo a∣foresaid, who speedily made out 300. men, at least whereof 100. were Spaniards, every one well mounted upon his horse; the rest were Indians, running as dogs at their heels, all naked and in most miserable bondage.

They could not come any way so closely, but God did open our eyes to see them, before there was any extremity of dan∣ger, whereby our men being warned, had reasonable time to shift themselves as they could; first from the main, to a Rock within the sea; and from thence into their boat: which being ready to receive them, conveighed them with expedition, out of the reach of the Spaniards fury, without the hurt of any man: only one Richard Minivy, being over bold and careless of

his own safety, would not be intreated by his friends, nor fea∣red by the multitude of his enemies, to take the present bene∣fit of his own delivery: but chose either to make 300. men by outbraving of them to become afraid, or else himselfe to dye in the place; the latter of which indeed he did, whose dead body being drawn by the Indians from the Rock to the shoare was there manfully by the Spaniards beheaded, the right hand cut off, the heart pluct out, all which they carryed away in our sight, and for the rest of his carkase, they caused the Indi∣ans to shoot it ful of arrows, made but the same day, of green wood, and so left it to be devoured of the beastts and foules, but that we went a shoare againe and buried it: wherein as there appeareth a most extream & barbarous cruelty, so doth it declare to the world, in what miserable feare the Spaniard holdeth the government of those parts; living in continuall dread of the forreign invasion by strangers, or secret cutting of throats, by those whom they kept under them in so shameful slavery, I mean the Innocent and harmles Indians. And there∣fore they make sure to murther what strangers soever they can come by, and suffer the Indians by no means to have any weapon longer then they be in present service: as appeared by their arrows cut from the tree the same day, as also by the cred••ble report of others who knew the matter to be true. Yea they suppose they shew the wretches great favor, when they do not for their pleasures whip them with cords, and day by day drop tkeir naked bodies with burning bacon: which is one of the least cruelties, amongst many, which they usually use a∣gainst that Nation and people.

This being not the place we looked for, nor the entertain∣ment such as we desired; we speedily got hence again, and Decem. 20.* 1.61 the next day, fell with a more convenient harbor, in a bay somewhat to the Northward of the forenamed Cyppo▪ lying in 27. deg. 55. min. South the line.

In this place we spent some time in trimming of our ships, and building of our pinnace, as we desired: but still the grief for

the absence of our friends remained with us, for the finding of whom, our Generall having now fitted all things to his mind, intended (leaving his ship the mean while at anchor in the bay) with his pinnace and some chosen men, himself to re∣turn back to the Southwards again; to see if happily he might either himself meet with them, or find them in some harbor or creek; or hear of them by any others, whom he might meet with, with this resolution he set on, but after one dayes sayl∣ing, the wind being contrary to his purpose, he was forced whether he would or no to return again.

Within this bay, during our abode there, we had such abun∣dance of fish, not much unlike our Gurnard in England, as no place had ever afforded us the like (Cape blank only upon the coast of Barbary excepted) since our first setting forth of Plym∣mouth untill this time, the plenty whereof in this place was such, that our gentlemen sporting themselves day by day, with 4. or 5. hooks and lines, in 2. or 3. hours, would take some∣times 400. sometimes more at one time.

All our businesses being thus dispatched, January 19.* 1.62 we set saile from hence; and the next place that we fel withall, Jan. 22.* 1.63 was an Island standing in the same height, with the north cape of the province of Mormorena, at this Island we found 4. Indians with their canows, which took upon them to bring our men to a place of fresh water on the aforesaid cape; in hope whereof, our generall made them great cheare (as his manner was to all strangers) and set his course by their direction, but when we came unto the place, and had travelled up along way into the land, we found fresh water indeed, but scarce so much as they had drunk wine in their passage thither.

As we sayled along, continually searching for fresh water; we came to a place called Tarapaca, and landing there we ligh∣ted on a Spaniard who lay asleep, and had lying by him 13. bars of silver, weighing in all, about 4000. Spanish duccats, we would not (could we have chosen) have awaked him of his nap; but seeing we, against our will, did him that injury, we

freed him of his charg, which otherwise perhaps would have kept him waking, and so left him to take out (if it pleased him) the other part of his sleep in more security.

Our search for water still continuing, as we landed again not far from thence, we met a Spaniard with an Indian boy▪ driving 8. Lambs or Peruvian sheep: each sheep bare two leathern bags, and in each bag was 50. pound weight of re∣fined silver, in the whole 800. weight: we could not indure to see a gentleman Spaniard turnd Carrier so; and therefore without intreaty, we offered our service, and became drovers▪ only his directions was not so perfect, that we could keep the way which he intended; for almost as soon as he was parted from us, we with our new kind of carriages, were come unto our boats.

Farther beyond this cape fore-mentioned lie certain Indian towns, from whence as we passed by, came many of the people in certain bawses made of Seals skins; of which two being joyned together of a just length, and side by side, resemble in fashion or form of a boat: they have in either of them a small gut, or some such thing blown ful of wind; by reason whereof it floateth, and is rowed very swiftly, carrying in it no small burthen. In these upon sight of our ship, they brought store of fish of divers sorts, to trafique with us, for any trifles we would give them: as knives, margarites, glasses, and such like, where∣of, men of 60. and 70. years old, were as glad as if they had re∣ceived some exceeding rich commodity, being a most simple and plain dealing people. Their resort unto us was such, as considering the shortnesse of the time, was wonderful to us to behold.

Nor far from this, viz. in 22. deg. 30. min. lay Mormorena, another great town of the same people, over whom 2. Spani∣ards held the government, with these our generall thought meet to deale; or at least to try their courtesie, whether they would, in way of traffique, give us such things as we needed ••r no, and therefore Jan. the 26.* 1.64 we cast anchor here, we found

them (more for fear then for love) somewhat tractable, and re∣ceived them by exchange many good things, very necessary for our uses.

Amongst other things which we had of them, the sheep of the country (viz. such as we mentioned before bearing the lea∣thern bags) were most memorable. Their height and length was equal to a pretty cow, & their strength fully answerable if not by much exceeding their size or stature. Upon one of their backs did sit at one time three well grown and tall men, and one boy, no mans foot touching the ground by a large foot in length, the beast nothing at all complaining of his burthen in the mean time. These sheep have necks like Camels; their heads bearing a reasonable resemblance of another sheep. The Spaniards use them to great profit. Their wool is exceeding fine, their flesh good meat, their increase ordinary, and besides they supply the room of horses for burthen or travell: yea they serve to carry over the mountains, marvellous loads, for 300. leagues together, where no other carriage can be made but by them only. Hereabout, as also all along, and up into the countrey throughout the Province of Cusko, the common ground wheresoever it be taken up, in every hundred pound weight of earth, yeildeth, 25. s. of pure silver, after the rate of a crown an ounce.

The next place likely to afford us any newes of our ships (for in all this way from the height where we builded our pin∣nace, there was no bay or harbor at all for shipping) was the p••rt of the town of Arica, standing in 20 d. whether we arrived the 7. of February.* 1.65 This town seemed to us to stand in the most fruitful soile that we saw all along these coasts: both for that it is situate in the mouth of a most pleasant and fertile vally, ••••ounding with all good things; as also in that it hath conti∣nuall trade of shipping, as well from Lyma as from all other part•• of Peru. It is inhabited by the Spaniards. In two barks 〈…〉〈…〉 of the 〈…〉〈…〉

about 20. pounds) of which we took the burthen on our selves to ease them, and so departed towards Chowley; with which we fell the second day, viz. Feb. 9.* 1.66 and in our way to Lima, we met with another Bark, Ariquipa, which had begun to loade some silver and gold, but having had (as it seemed from A••i∣ca by land) some notice of our coming, had unloaden the same again before our arival. Yet in this our passage we met a∣nother bark loaden with linnen: some of which we thought might stand us in some stead, and therefore took it with us.

At Lima we arrived Feb. 15.* 1.67 and notwithstanding the Spa∣niards forces, though they had 30. at that present in harbour there, whereof 17. (most of them the especiall ships in all the south sea) were fully ready, wen entred and anchored all night in the middest of them, in the Calao: and might have made more spoile amongst them in few houres if we had been affe∣cted to revenge, then the Spaniards could have recovered again in many years. But we had more care to get up that compa∣ny which we had so long mist, then to recompence their cru∣ell and hard dealing by an evill requitall, which now we might have took. This Lima stands in 12. deg. 30. minutes south latitude.

Here albeit no good news of our ships could be had, yet got we the news of some things that seemed to comfort, if not to countervaile our travels thither, as namely, that in the ship of one Migkell Angel there, there were 1500. bars of plate, be∣sides some other things (as silks, linnen, and in one a chest full of Royals of plate) which might stand us in some stead in the other ships; aboard whom we made somewhat bold to bid our selves welcome. Here also we heard the report of some things that had befallen in & neer Europe, since our departure thence; in particular of the death of some great personages; as the K. of Portugal, and both the Kings of Morocco and ••e••e, dead all three in one day at one battel: the death of the K. of France and the Pope of Rome: whose abominations as they are in par∣•••••• off from s••me Chri••tian Kingdomes, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his 〈◊〉〈◊〉

is manifest, so do his vassals & accursed instruments labour by all means possile to repaire that losse, by spreading the same the further in these parts, where his divelish illusions and dam∣nable deceivings are not known. And as his Doctrine takes place any where, so doth the manners that necessarily accom∣pany the same, insinuate themselvs together with the doctrine For as its true that in all the parts of America, where the Spa∣niards have any government, the poysonous infection of Po∣pery hath spread it self; so on the otherside it is as true, that there is no City, as Lima, Panama, Mezico, &c. no Town or Village, yea no house almost in all these provinces, wherein (a∣mongst other the like Spanish vertues) not only whordome, but the filthiness of Sodom, not to be named among Christians, is not common without repoof: the Popes pardons being more rise in these parts then they be in any part of Europe, for these filthinesses whereout he sucketh no smal advantage. Notwith∣standing the Indians, who are nothing neerer the true know∣ledge of God then they were before, abhor this most filthy & loathsome manner of living; shewing themselves in respect of the Spaniards, as the Scythians did in respect of the Grecians: who in their barbarous ignorance, yet in life and behaviour did so▪ far excell the wise and learned Greeks, as they were short of them in the gifts of learning and knowledge.

But as the Pope and Antichristian Bishops labour by their wicked factors with tooth and naile to deface the glory of God, and to shut up in darknes the light of the gospel; so God doth not suffer his name and religion to be altogether without witnes, to the reproving both of his false & damnable doctrine as also crying out against his unmeasurable and abominable li∣centiousness of the flesh, even in these parts. For in this City of Lima, not two moneths before our coming thither, there were certain persons, to the number of twelve apprehended, examined and condemned for the profession of the Gospel, and repro••ing the doctrines of men, with the the filthy man∣ners used in that City▪ of which twelve, six were bound to one

stake and burnt, the rest remained yet in prison, to drink of the same cup within few days. Lastly, here we had intelligence of a certain rich ship, which was loaden with gold and silver for Panama, that he had set forth of this haven the 2. of February.* 1.68

The very next day therefore in the morning (viz. the 16. of the said moneth) we set sail, as long as the wind would serve our turn, and towed our ship as soon as the wind failed; conti∣nuing our course toward Panama, making stay no where, but hastening all me might, to get sight if it were possible, of that gallant ship the Cacafuego. the great glory of the south sea; which was gone from Lima 14. dayes before us.

We fell with the port of Paita in 4. de. 40. in. Feb. 20.* 1.69 with port Saint Hellen, and the River and part of Guiaquil, Feb. 24.* 1.70 we past the line the 28. and first of March we fell with cape Francisco: where, about midday, we descried a saile,* 1.71 a head of us, with whom after once we had spoken with her, we lay still in the same place about six dayes; to recover our breath again which we had almost spent with hasty following▪ and to recall to mind what advantages had past us since our late coming from Lima; but especially to do John de Anton a kindnesse, in freeing him of the care of those things with which his ship was loaden.

This ship we found to be the same of which we had heard, not only in the Calao of Lima, but also by divers occasions af∣terward (which now we are at leasure to relate, viz. by a ship which we took between Lima and Paita: by another which we took loaden with wine in the port of Paita: by a third loa∣den with tackling and implements for ships (besides 80. pound weight in gold) from Guiaquil. And lastly, by Gabriel Al••arez, with whom we talked somewhat nearer the line) we found her to be indeed the Catasuego: though before we left her, she were new named by a boy of her own the Cacaplata. We found in her some Fruit, conserves, sugars, meale & other victuals, & (that which was the especiallest cause of her heavy and slow sayling) a certain quantity of jewels, and precious stones, 1••.

chests of Ryals of plate; 80. pound weight in gold; 26. tunne of un••oyned silver; two very faire guilt silver drinking-bouls, and the like trifles, valued in about 360000. pezoes. We gave the Master a little linnen and the like for these commodities; and at the end of six dayes we bad farewell and parted. He hasting somewhat lighter then before to Panama, we plying off to sea, that we might with more leasure consider what course hence forward were fittest to be taken.

And considering that now we were come to the northward of the line (Cape Francisco standing in the entrance of the bay Panama, in 1. deg. of North latitude) and that there was no likelihood or hope that our ships should be before us that way by any means; seeing that in running so many deg. from the southermost Ilands hitherto, we could not have any sign or no∣tice of their passage that way, notwithstanding that we had made so diligent search, and careful enquiry after them, in eve∣ry harbor or creek almost as we had done; and considering also that the time of the year now drew on, wherein me must at∣tempt, or of necessity wholly give off that action which chiefly our General had determined: namely, the discovery of what passage there was to be found about the northern parts of A∣merica, from the south sea, into our own Ocean (which being once discovered and made known to be navigable, we should not only do our country good and notable service, but we also our selves should have a neerer cut and passage home▪ where otherwise we were to make a very long & tedious voyage of it, which would hardly agree with our good liking, we having been so long from home already, and so much of our strength separated from us) which could not at all be done, if the oppor∣tunity of time were now neglected: we therefore all of us wil∣lingly hearkned, and consented to our Generals advice: which was, first to seek out some convenient place, wherein to trim our ship, and store our selves with wood and water and other provisions as we could get: and thenceforward to hasten on our intended journey, for the discovery of the said passage,

through which we might with joy returne to our longed homes.* 1.72

From this cape before we set onward March the 7.* 1.73 shaping our course towards the Island of Caines, with which we fell March 16.* 1.74 setling ourselves for certain dayes, in a Fresh river, between the main and it; for the finishing of our needfull bu∣sinesse as is aforesaid. While we abode in this place, we felt a very terrible earthquake, the force whereof was such, that our ship and Pinnace, riding very neere an English mile from the shoare, were shaken and did quiver as if it had been laid on dry land: we found here many good commodities which we wanted, as Fish, Fresh water, Wood, &c. besides Alagartoes, Munckeyes and the like, and in our journey hither, we met with one ship more (the last we met with in all those coasts) loaded with Linnen China-silk, and China-dishes, amongst which we found also a Faulcon of gold, handsomely wrought with a great Emerald set in the breast of it.

From whence we parted the 24. day of the moneth forena∣med,* 1.75 with full purpose to run the neerest course as the wind would suffer us, without touch of land along time; and there∣fore passed by port Papagaia; the port of the Vale of the most rich and most excellent balmes of Jericho, Quantapico, and di∣verse others; as also certain gulphes hereabouts, which with∣out intermission, send forth such continuall and violent winds, that the Spaniards, though their ships be good, dare not ven∣ture themselves too neere the danger of them.

Notwithstanding, having notice that we should be troubled with often calms, and contrary winds, if we continued neere the coast, and did not run off to sea to fetch the wind; and that if we did so, we could not then fall with land again when we would: our Generall thought it needfull, that we should run in with some place or other, before our departure from the coast; to see if happily we could by traffique, augm••nt our provision of victuals, and other necessaries: that being at s••a, we might not be driven, to any great want or necessi∣tie,

albeit we had reasonable store of good things aboard us already.

The next harbor therefore which we chanced with, on Apr. 15.* 1.76 in 15. de. 40. min. was Guatulco so named of the Spaniards who inhabited it, with whom we had some entercourse, to the supply of many things which we desired, and chiefly bread &c. And now having reasonably, as we though provided our selves, we departed from the coast of America for the present: but not forgetting, before we gate a shipboard, to take with us also a certain pot (of about a bushell in bignesse) full of royals of plate, which we found in the town: together with a chain of gold, and some other jewels, which we intrea∣ted a gentleman Spaniard to leave behind him, as he was flying out of town.

From Guatulco we departed the day following, viz. April. 16.* 1.77 setting our course directly into the sea: whereupon we sail∣ed 500. leagues in longitude to get a wind: and between that and June 3. 1400. leagues in all, till we came into 42. deg. of North latitude, where in the night following, we found such alteration of heat, into extreame and nipping cold, that our men in generall did grievously complaine thereof; some of them feeling their healths much impaired thereby, neither was it, that this chanced in the night alone, but the day fol∣lowing carried with it, not only the marks, but the stings and force of the night going before, to the great admiration of us all, for besides that the pinching and biting aire, was nothing altered; the very ropes of our ship were stiffe, and the raine which fell, was an unnaturall and frozen substance, so that we seemed rather to be in the frozen Zone, then any way so neer unto the sun, or these hotter climates.

Neither did this happen for the time only, or by some sud∣den accident, but rather seems indeed, to proceed from some ordinary cause▪ against the which the heate of the sun prevails not, for it came to that extremity, in sailing but 2. deg. farther to the northward in our course: that though sea-men lack not

good stomacks, yet it seemed a question to many amongst us, whether their hands should feed their mouths, or rather keep themselves within their coverts, from the pinching cold that did benum them. Neither could we impute it to the tender∣nesse of our bodies though we came lately from the extremity of heate, by reason whereof we might be more sensible of the present cold insomuch as the dead and senlesse creatures, were as well affected with it as our selves, our meat as soon as it was removed from the fire, would presently in a manner be frozen up; and our ropes and tackling, in few dayes were grown to that stifnesse, that what three men before were able with them to perform, now six men with their best strength, and uttermost endeavour, were hardly able to accomplish: whereby a sudden and great discouragement seased upon the minds of our men, and they were possessed with a great mis∣like, and doubting of any good to be done that way, yet would not our generall be discouraged, but as well by comfortable speeches of the divine providence, and of Gods loving care over his children out of the scriptures; as also by other good and profitable perswasions, adding thereto his own cheerfull example, he so stirred them up, to put on a good courage, and to quit themselves like men, to endure some short extremity, to have the speedier comfort, and a little trouble, to obtain the greater glory; that every man was as throughly armed with willingnesse, and resolved to see the uttermost, if it were pos∣sible, of what good was to be done that way.

The land in that part of America, bearing farther out into the west, then we before imagined, we were neerer on it then we were aware; and yet the neerer still we came unto it, the more extremity of cold did sease upon us. The 5. day of June we were forced by contrary winds, to run in with the s••••are, which we then first descryed; and to cast anchor in a bad bay:* 1.78 the best road we could for the present meet with: where we were not without some danger, by reason of the many extream gusts and flaws that beat upon us; which if they ceased and

were still at any time, immediately upon their intermission, there followed most vile, thick and stinking fogs; against which the sea prevailed nothing, till the gust of wind again removed them▪ which brought with them, such extremity and violence when they came▪ that there was no dealing or resisting against them.

In this place was no abiding for us; and to go further North, the extremity of the cold (which had now utterly discouraged 〈◊〉〈◊〉) would not permit us and the winds directly bent a∣gainst 〈◊〉〈◊〉 having once gotten us under saile againe, comman∣ded us to the southward whether we would or no.

From the height of 48. de. in which now we were, to 38. we 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the land by coasting along it to be but low and reason∣•••••• plaine: every hil (whereof we saw many, but none very 〈◊〉〈◊〉 though it were in Iune, and the Sun in his neerest ap∣pr••ach unto them being covered with snow.

In 38. deg. 30. min. we fell with a convenient and fit harbo∣rough, and June 17.* 1.79 came to anchor therein: where we conti∣nued till the 23. day of July following. During all which time notwithstanding it was in the height of Summer, and so neere the Sun▪ yet were we continually visited with like nipping colds, as we had felt before: insomuch that if violent exercises 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••ur bodies▪ and busie imployment about our necessary la∣b••r•• had not somtimes compeld us to the contrary, we could very well have been contented to have kept about us still our winter clothes; yea (had our necessities suffered us) to have kept ••••r beds; neither could we at any time in whole foure∣teen dayes together, find the aire so cleare as to be able to take the height of Sun or star.

And here having so fit occasion, (notwithstanding it may seem to be besides the purpose of writing the history of this our voyage) we will a little more diligently inquire into the causes of the continuance of the extream cold in these parts: as also into the probabilities or unlikelihoods of a passage to be found that way. Neither was it (as hath formerly been touch∣ed)

the tenderness of our bodies, coming so lately out of the heat, whereby the pores were opened, that make us 〈…〉〈…〉 of the colds we here felt: in this respect, as in many others, we found our God a provident Father, and careful physitian to us. We lacked no outward helps nor inward comforts, to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & Fortifie nature, had it been decayed or weakned in us; nei∣ther was there wanting to us the great experience of our Ge∣nerall, who had often himself proved the 〈◊〉〈◊〉, the burning zone; whose advice alwayes prevailed much to the preserving of a moderate temper in our constitutions: so that even after our departure from the heat, we alwaies found our bodies, not as sponges, but strong & hardned, more able to beare out cold▪ though we cam out of excess of heat, then a number of cham∣ber companions could have been, who lie on their Featherbed, till they go to sea, or rather whose teeth in a temperate aire do beat in their heads at a cup of cold Sack and sugar by the fire.

And that is was not our tendernes, but the very extremity of the cold it self, that caused this sensibleness in us, may the ra∣ther appear in that the naturall inhabitants of the place (with whom we had for along season familiar entercourse, as is to be related) who had never been acquainted with such heat; to whom the country, aire, & climate was proper; & in whom custome of cold was as it were a second nature: yet used to come shivering to us in their warm furs, crowding close toge∣ther body to body, to receive h••••t one of another; and shelt∣ing themselves under a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 bank if it were possible and as of∣ten as they could, labouring to shroud themselves under our garments also, to keep them warm. Besides how 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & deformed appeared the face of the 〈…〉〈…〉 trees without leaves, and the ground 〈…〉〈…〉 those moneths of June and July. The 〈…〉〈…〉 not daring (as we had great experience to 〈…〉〈…〉 so much as once to arise from their 〈…〉〈…〉 layed, till it with all the rest be 〈…〉〈…〉 strength of nature▪ able to help it self 〈…〉〈…〉

hath nature afforded them, that the heat of their own bodies being exceeding great, it perfecteth the creature with greater expedition, and in shorter time then is to be found in many o∣ther places. As for the causes of this extremity they seem not to be so deeply hidden, but that they may at least in part be guessed at: the chief•••• of which we conceive to be the large spreading of the Asian and American continent, which (some∣what northward of these parts) if they be not fully joyned, yet seem they to come very neer one to the other. From whose high and snow-covered mountains, the north and northwest winds (the constant visitants of those coasts) send abroad their frozen nimphs, to the infecting of the whole aire with this in∣sufferable sharpnes: not permitting the Sun, no not in the pride of his heat, to dissolve that congealed matter and snow, which they have breathed out so nigh the Sun, and so many degrees distant from themselves. And that the north and north-west winds are here constant in June and July, as the north wind a∣lone is in August and September; we not only found it by our own experience, but were fully confirm'd in the opinion there of, by the continued observations of the Spaniards. Hence comes the generall squalidness and barranness of the country; hence comes it, that in the mid'st of their summer, the snow hardly departeth even from their very doors; but is never ta∣ken away from their hils at all; hence comes those thick mists and most stinking foggs, which increase so much the more, by how much higher the pole is raised: wherein a blind pilot is as good as the best director of a course. For the Sun striving to perform his naturall office, in elevating the vapors out of these inferiour bodies; draweth necessarily abundance of moisture out of the sea: but the nipping cold (from the former causes) meeting & opposing the Suns indeavors, forces him to give o∣ver his work imperfect: and instead of higher elevation, to leave in the lowest region, wandring upon the face of the earth and waters, as it were a second sea: through which its own beams cannot possibly pierce, unlesse sometimes when

the suddain violence of the winds doth help to scatter and breake through it; which thing happeneth very seldom, and when it happeneth, is of no continuance. Some of our mar∣riners in this voyage had formerly been at Wardhouse, in 72 deg. of north lat. who yet affirmed, that they felt no such nip∣ing cold there in the end of summer, when they departed thence, as they did here in those hottest moneths of June and July. And also from these reasons we conjecture; that either there is no passage at all through these northern coasts (which is most likely) or if there be, that yet it is unna••igable. Adde hereunto, that though we searched the coast diligently, even unto the 48. deg. yet found we not the land, to trend so much as one point in any place towards the East, but rather running on continually northwest, as if it went directly to meet with Asia: and even in that height when we had a franke wind to have carried us through, had there been a passage, yet we had a smooth and calm sea, with ordinary flowing and reflowing, which could not have been, had there been a Frete▪ of which we rather infallibly concluded then conjectured, that there was none. But to return.* 1.80

The next day after our coming to anchor in the aforesaid har∣bor, the people of the country shewed themselves; sending off a man with great expedition to us in a canow. Who being yet but a little from the shore, and a great way from our ship, spake to us continually as he came rowing on. And at last at a reasonable distance staying himself, he began more solemnly a long and tedious oration, after his manner: using in the delive∣ry thereof, many gestures and signs; moving his hands, turning his head and body many wayes; and after his oration ended, with great shew of reverence and submission, returned back to shoar again. He shortly came again the second time in like manner, and so the third time▪ when he brought with him (as a present from the rest) a bunch of Feathers, much like the Fea∣thers of a black crow, very neatly and artificially gathered upon a string, and drawn together into a round bundle, being very

clean & finely cut, and bearing ••n length an equall proportion one with another; a speciall cognizance (as we afterwards ob∣served) which they that guard their Kings person, weare on their heads. With this also he brought a little basket made of rushes, and filled with an herb which they called Tabah. Both which being tyed to a short rod, he cast into a boat. Our gene∣rall intended to have recompenced him immediately with many good things he would have bestowed on him: but entring into the boat to deliver the same, he could not be drawn to receive them by any means: save one hat, which being cast into the water out of the ship, he took up (refusing utterly to meddle with any other thing, though it were upon a board put off unto him) and so presently made his return. After which time, our boat could row no way, but wondring at us as at gods, they would follow the same with admiration.

* 1.81The 3. day following, viz. the 21, our ship having received a leake at sea, was brought to anchor neer the shoar, that her goods being landed, she might be repaired: but for that we were to prevent any danger that might chance against our safety▪ our generall first of all landed his men, with all necessa∣ry provision to build tents and make a fort for the defence of our selves and goods: and that we might under the shelter of it▪ with more safety (whatever should befall, end our business; which when the people of the country perceived us doing, as men set on fire to war, in defence of their country, in great hast and companies, with such weapons as they had, they came down unto us, yet with no hostile meaning, or intent to hurt us: standing when they drew neere, as men ravished in their mindes, with the sight of such things as they never had seen, or heard off before that time: their errand being rather with submission and feare to worship us as gods, then to have any war with us as with mortal men. Which thing as it did part∣ly shew it self at that instant, so did it more and more mani∣fest it self afterwards, during the whole time of our abode a∣monst them. At this time, being willed by signs to lay from

them there bowes and arrows, they did as they were directed and so did all the rest, as they came more and more by com∣panies unto them, growing in a little while, to a great num∣ber both of men and women.

To the intent therefore, that this peace which they them∣selves so willingly sought, might without any cause of the breach thereof, on our part given to be continued; and that we might with more safety and expedition, end our businesses in quiet; our Generall with all his company, used all means pos∣sibly, gently to intreat them, bestowing upon each of them li∣berally, good and necessary things to cover their nakednesse, withall, signifying unto them, we were no gods but men, and had need of such things to cover our own shame; teaching them to use them to the same ends: for which cause also we did eate and drink in their presence, giving them to under∣stand. that without that we could not live, and therefore were but men as well as they.

Notwithstanding nothing could perswade them, nor re∣move that opinion which they had conceived of us, that we should be gods.

In recompence of those things which they had received of us, as shirts, linnen cloth, &c. they bestowed upon our generall, and divers of our company, diverse things, as Feathers, Cawls of network, the quivers of their arrows made of Fawns-skins, and the very skins of beasts that their women wore upon their bodies. Having thus had their fill of this times visiting and be∣holding of us, they departed with joy to their houses, which houses are digged round within the earth, and have from the uppermost brims of the circle, clefts of wood set up, and joyn∣ed close together at the top, like our spires on the steeple of a church: which being covered with earth, suffer no water to en∣ter, and are very warm, the doore in the most part of them, performs the office also of a chimney to let out the smoake: its made in bignesse and fashion, like to an ordinary scuttle in a ship, and standing slopewise: their beds are the hard ground,

only with rushes strewed upon it, and lying round about the house, have their fire in the middest, which by reason that the house is but low vaulted, round and close, giveth a marvellous reflexion to their bodies to heate the same.

Their men for the most part go naked, the women take a kind of bulrushes, and kembing it after the manner of hempe, make themselves thereof a loose garment, which being knit a∣bout their middles, hangs down about their hips, and so af∣fords to them a covering of that which nature teaches should be hidden▪ about their shoulders they weare also the sikn of a deere, with the haire upon it. They are very obedient to their husbands, and exceeding ready in all services: yet of them∣selves offring to do nothing, without the consents, or being cal∣led of the men.

As soon as they were returned to their houses, they began a∣monst themselves a kind of most lamentable weeping and cry∣ing out; which they continued also a great while together, in such sort, that in the place where they left us (being neer about 3. quarters or an English mile distant from them) we very plainly, with wonder and admiration did heare the same: the women especially, extending their voices, in a most miserable and doleful manner of shreeking.

Notwithstanding this humble manner of presenting them∣selves, and awfull demeanour used towards us, we thought it no wisdome too far to trust them (our experience of former Infidels dealing with us before, made us carefull to provide against an alteration of their affections, or breach of peace if it should happen) and therefore with all expedition we set up our tents, and entrenched our selves with walls of stone: that so being fortified within our selves, we might be able to keep off the enemy) if they should so prove) from coming amonst us without our good wills: this being quickly finished we went the more cheerfully and securely afterward, about our other businesse.

Against the end of two dayes (during which time they had

not again been with us (there was gathered together a great assembly of men, women, and children (invited by the report of them which first saw us, who as it seems, had in that time, of purpose dispersed themselves into the country, to make known the newes) who came now the second time unto us, bringing with thrm as before had been done, Feathers, and bags of Tobal•• for presents, or rather indeed for sacrifices, upon this perswasion that we were gods.

When they came to the top of the hill, at the bottome whereof we had built our fort, they made a stand; where one (appointed as their chief speaker) wearied both us his hearers, and himself too, with a long and tedious oration: delivered with strange and violent gestures, his voice being extended to the uttermost strength of nature, and his words fall so thick one in the neck of another, that he could hardly fetch his breath again: as soon as he had concluded, all the rest, with a reverend bowing of their bodies (in a dreaming manner, and long producing of the same) cryed oh: thereby giving their con∣sents, that all was very true which he had spoken, and that they had uttered their mind by mouth unto us: which done, the men laying down their bowes upon the hill, and leaving their wo∣men and children behind them, came down with their pre∣sents; in such sort, as if they had appeared before a God in∣deed: thinking themselves happy, that they might have access unto our generall, but much more happy, when thew say that he would receive at their hands, those things which they so willingly had presented: and no doubt, the thought themselves neerest unto God, when they sate or stood next to him: in the mean time the women, as if they had been desperate, used un∣naturall violence against themselves crying and shreeking pi∣t••ously, tearing their flesh with their nailes from their che••k, in a monstrous manner, the bloud streaming down along their brests, besides spoyling the upper parts of their bodies, of those single coverings they formerly had, and holding their hands above their heads, that they might not rescue their brests

from harm,* 1.82 they would with furie cast themselves upon the ground, never respecting whether it were clean or soft, but dashed themselves in this manner on hard stones, knobby hil∣locks, stocks of wood, pricking bushes, or what ever else lay in their way, itterating the same course again and again: yea women great with child, some nine or ten times each, and o∣thers holding out till 15. or 16. times (till their strength fail∣ed them) exercised this cruelty against themselves: a thing more grievous for us to see, or suffer, could we have holpt it, then trouble to them (as it seemed) to doe it.

This bloudy sacrifice (against our wils) being thus perfor∣med, our generall with his company in the presence of those strangers fell to prayers: and by signes in lifting up our eyes & hands to heaven, signified unto them, that that God whom we did serve, and whom they ought to worship, was above: be∣seeching God if it were his good pleasure to open by some means their blinded eyes; that they might in due time be cal∣led to the knowledge of him the true and everliving God, and of Jesus Christ whom he hath sent, the salvation of the Gen∣tiles. In the time of which prayers, singing of psalms, and read∣ing of certain chapters in the Bible, they sate very attentively; and observing the end of every pause, with one voyce still cry∣ed, oh, greatly rejoycing in our exercises. Yea they took such pleasure in our singing of psalmes, that whensoever they re∣sorted to us, their first request was commonly this, Gnaah, by which they intreated that we should sing.

Our generall having now bestowed upon them divers things, at their departure they restored them again, none carrying with him any thing of whatsoever he had received, thinking themselves sufficiently enriched and happy, that they had found so free accesse to see us.

Against the end of three dayes more (the newes having the while spread it self farther, and as it seemed a great way up into the country) were assembled the greatest number of peo∣ple, which we could reasonably imagine, to dwell within any

convenient distance round about. Amongst the rest, the King himself, a man of a goodly stature and comely personage, at∣tended with his guard, of about 100. tall and warlike men, this day. viz. June 26. came down to to see us.

Before his coming, were sent twe Ambassadors or messen∣gers, to our generall, to signifie that their Hioh,* 1.83 that is their K. was coming and at hand. They in the delivery of their mes∣sage, the one spake with a soft and low voyce, prompting his fellow: the other pronounced the same word by word after him, with a voyce more audible: continuing their proclimati∣on (for such it was) about half an houre. Which being ended, they by their signs made request to our General, to send some∣thing by their hands to their Hioh or King, as a token that his coming might be in peace. Our generall willingly satisfyed their desire; and they glad men, made speedy return to their hioh. Neither was it long before their K (making as princely a shew as possibly he could) with all his train came forward.

In their coming forwards they cryed continually after a singing manner, with a lusty courage. And as they drew neerer and neerer towards us, so did they more & more strive to be∣have themselves with a certain comlinesse and gravity in all their actions.

In the forefront came a man of a large body and goodly as∣pect, bearing the Septer or royall mace (made of a certain kind of black wood, and in length about a yard and a halfe) before the King. Whereupon hanged two crowns, a bigger and a lesse, with three chains of a mavellous length, and often doubled; besides a bag of the herb Tabah. The crowns were made of knitwork, wrought upon most curiously with Feathers of di∣vers colours, very artificiall placed, and of a formal fashion, The chains seemed of a bony substance; every kinde or part thereof being very little, thin, most finely burnished, with a hole pierced through the middest. The number of links going to make one chain, is in a manner infinite: but of such estima∣tion it is amongst them, that few be the persons that are ad∣mitted

to weare the same: and even they to whom its lawfull to use them, yet are stinted what number they shall use; as some ten, some twelve, some 20. and as they exceed in number of chains, so are they thereby known to be the more honourable personages.

Next unto him that bare this Scepter, was the King himself with his guard about him: his attire upon his head was a cawl of knitwork, wrought upon somewhat like the crown, but differing much both in fashion and perfectnesse of work, upon his shoulders he had on a coat of the skins of conies, reaching to his wast: his guard also had each coats of the same shape, but of other skins, some having cawls likewise such with fea∣thers, or covered over with a certain down, which groweth up in the country upon an herb much like our lectruce; which exceeds any other down in the world for finenesse, and being layed upon their cawls by no winds can be removed: of such estimation is this herb amonst them, that the down thereof is not lawfull to be worn, but of such persons as are about the king (to whom also it is permitted to weare a plume of Fea∣thers on their heads in sign of honour) and the see••s are not u∣sed but only in sacrifice to their gods. After these in their or∣der, did follow the naked sort of common people; whose hair being long, was gathered into a bunch behind, in which stuck plumes of Feathes, but in the forepart only single Feathers like horn, ever one pleasing himself in his own device.

This one thing was observed to be generall amonst them all, that every one had his face painted, some with white, some with black, and some with other colors, every man also bring∣ing in his hand one thing or other for a present: their train or last part of their company consisted of women and children, each woman bearing against her brest a round basket or two, having with them divers things, as bags of Tabah, a root which they call Petah, whereof they make a kind of meale, and ei∣ther beake it into bread, or eate it raw; broyled fishes like a pilchard; the seeed and down afore named, with such like.

Their baskets were made in fashion like a deep boale, and though the matter were rushes, or such other kind of stuff, yet was it so cunningly handled, that the most part of them would hold water; about the brims they were hanged with pieces of the shels of pearls, and in some places with two or three links at a place, of the chains forenamed: thereby signifying that they were vessels wholly dedicated to the ontly use of the gods they worshiped: and besides this, they were wrought up∣on with the matted down of red Feathers, distinguished into divers works and forms.

In the mean time our Generall having assembled his men to∣gether (as forecasting the danger, and worst that might fall out) prepared himself to stand upon sure ground, that we might at all times be ready in our own defence, if any thing should chance otherwise then was looked for or expected.

Wherefore every man being in a warlike readiness, he mar∣ched within his fenced place, making against their approach a most warlike shew (as he did also at all other times of their resort) whereby if they had been desperat enemies, they could not have chosen, but have conceived error and feare, with dis∣couragement to attempt any thing against us, in beholding of the same.

When they were come somewhat neere unto us, trooping together, they gave us a common or a generall salutation: ob∣serving in the mean time a generall silence. Whereupon he who bare the Scepter before the king, being prompted by a∣nother whom the King assigned to that office, pronounced with an audible and manly voice, what the other spake to him in secret: continuing, whether it were his oration or procla∣mation, at the least half an houre. At the close whereof, there was a common Amen, in sign of approbation given by every person: and the King himself with the whole number of men and women, the little children only remaining behind, came further down the hill, and as they came set themselves again in their former order▪

And being now come to the foot of the hill and neere our fort, the Scepter-bearer with a composed countenance and stately carriage, began a song, and answerable thereunto, obser∣ved a kind of measures in a danc: whom the Ki. with his guard, and every sort of person following, did in like manner sing and daunce, saving only the woman who danced but kept si∣lence. As they daunced they still came on: and our Generall perceiving their plain and simple meaning, gave order that they might freely enter without interruption within our bul∣wark: where after they had entred, they yet continued their song, and daunce a reasonable time: their women also follow∣ing them with their wassaile boales in their hands, their bodies bruised, their faces torn, their dugs, breast, and other parts be∣spotted with bloud, trickling down from the wounds, which with their nailes they had made before their coming.

After that they had satisfyed or rather tyred themselves in this manner, they made signs to our generall to have him sit down; unto whom, both the king and divers others made seve∣rall orations, or rather indeed if we had understood them, sup∣plications, that he would take the province and kingdome in∣to his hand, and become their King and patron: making signs that they would resign unto him their right and title in the whole land, and become his vassals in themselves and his po∣sterities: which that they might make us indeed believe that it was their true meaning and intent; the King himself with all the rest with one consent, and with a great reverence, joyfully singing a song, set the crown upon his head: enriched his neck with all their chains▪ and offering unto him many other things honoured him by the name of Hyoh. Adding thereunto (as it might seem) a song and a daunce of tryumph: because they were not only visited of gods (for so they still judged us to be) but the great and chief god was now become their god, their king and patron, and themselves were become the only happy and blessed people in all the world.

These things being so freely offered, our Generall thought

not meet to reject or refuse the same: both for that we would not give them any cause of mistrust, or disliking of him (that being the only place, wherein at this present we were of ne∣cessity inforced to seek relief of many things) and chiefly, for that he knew not to what good end God had brought this to passe, or what honour or profit it might bring to our country in time to come.

Wherefore in the name and to the use of her most excellent Majesty, he took the Scepter, Crown and dignity of the said country into his hand: wishing nothing more then that it had layen so fitly for her Majesty to enjoy, as it was now her pro∣per own, and that the riches and treasure thereof (where with in the up-land countries i•• abounds) might with as great con∣veniency be transported, to the enriching of her kingdome here at home, as it is in plenty to be attained there: and especi∣ally, that so tractable and loving a people, as they shewed them∣selves to be, might have meanes to have manifested their most willing obedience the more under her, and by her meanes, as a mother and nurse of the Church of Christ, might by the preaching of the gospel be brought to the right knowledge, and obedience of the true and ever living God.

The ceremonies of this resigning, and receiving of the king∣dome, being thus performed, and the common sort but of men and women, leaving the king and his guard about him, with our generall, dispersed themselves among our people, taking a diligent view or survey of every man; and finding such as plea∣sed their fancies (which commonly were the youngest of us) they presently enclosing them about, offered their sacrifices unto them, crying out with lamentable shreeks and moanes, weeping and scratching, and tearing their very flesh off their faces with their nailes, neither were it the woman alone which did this, but even old men, roaring, and crying out, were as vi∣olent as the women were.

We groaned in spirit to see the power of Sathan so far pre∣vaile, in seducing these so harmlesse soules, and laboured by all

means, both by shewing our great dislike, and when that serv'd not, by violent with-holding of their hands from that mad∣ness, directing them (by our eyes and hands lift up towards heaven) to the living God whom they ought to serve: but so mad were they upon their Idolatry, that forcible withholding them would not prevaile (for as soon as they could get liberty to their hands again, they would be as violent as they were be∣fore) till such time, as they whom they worshiped, were con∣veyed from them into the tents, whom yet as men besides themselvs, they would with fury & outrage seek to have again.

After that time had a little qualified their madnes, they then began to shew & make known unto us their griefs & di∣seases which they carryed about them, some of them having old aches, some shrunke sinews, some old sores and cankred ul∣cers, some wounds more lately received, and the like, in most lamentable manner craving help and cure thereof from us: making signs, that if we did but blow upon their griefs, or but touched the diseased places, they would be whole.

Their griefs we could not but take pitty on them, and to our own desire to help them: but that (if it pleased God to o∣pen their eyes) they might understand we were but men and no gods, we used ordinary means, as lotions, emplaisters, and unguents most fitly (as far as our skils could guesse) agreeing to the natures of their griefs, beseeching God, if it made for his glory, to give cure to their diseases by these means. The like we did from time to time as they resorted to us.

Few were the dayes, wherein they were absent from us, du∣ring the whole time of our abode in that place: and ordinarily every third day, they brought their sacrifices, till such time, as they certainly understood our meaning, that we took no plea∣sure, but were displeased with them: whereupon their zeale a∣bated, and their sacrificing, for a season, to our good liking ceased: notwithstanding they continued still to make their re∣sort unto us in great abundance, and in such sort, that they oft∣times forgat, to provide meate for their own sustenance; so

that our generall (of whom they made account as of a father) was faine to perform the the office of a father to them, relie∣ving them with such victuals as we had provided for our selvs, as Muscles, Seales, and such like, wherein they took exceeding much content; and seeing that their sacrifices were displea∣sing to us, yet (hating ingratitude) they sought to recompence us, with such things as they had, which they willingly infor∣ced upon us, though it were never so necessary or needfull for themselves to keep.

They are a people of a tractable, free, and loving nature, without guile or treachery; their bows and arrows (their on∣ly weapons, and almost all their wealth) they use use very skil∣fully, but yet not do any great harm with them, being by rea∣son of their weakeness, more fit for children then for men, sending the arrow far off, nor with any great force: and yet are the men commonly so strong of body, that which 2. or 3. of our men could hardly beare, one of them would take upon his back, and without grudging carry it easily away, up hil and down hill an English mile together: they are also exceeding swift in running, and of long continuance; the use whereof is so familiar with them, that they seldome goe, but for the most part run. One thing we observed in them with admiration: that if any time, they chanced to see a fish so neer the shoare that they might reach the place without swiming, they would seldome, or never misse to take it.

After that our necessary businesses were wel dispatched, our generall with his gentlemen, and many of his company, made a journey up into the land, to see the manner of their dwel∣ling, and to be the better acquainted with the nature & com∣modities of the country: their houses were all such as we have formerly descrbed, and being many of them in one place, made severall villages here and there. The inland we found to be far different from the shoare, a goodly country and fruitful soil, stored with many blessings fit for the use of man: infinite was the company of very large and fat Deer, which there we saw

by thousands as we supposed in a herd: besides a multitude of a strange kind of conies, by far exceeding them in number: their heads and bodies, in which they resemble other Conies, are but small; his taile like the taile of a Rat, exceeding long; and his feet like paws of a Want or Moale; under his chin, on ether side, he hath a bagge, into which he gathereth his meate, when he hath filled his belley abroade, that he may with it, either feed his young, or feed himself, when he lifts not to travaile from his burrow: the people eate their bodies, and make great account of their skins, for their Kings holidayes coat was made of them.

This country our Generall named Albion, and that for two causes, the one in respect of the white banks and cliffes, which lie toward the sea: the other, that it might have some affinity, even in name also, with our own country, which was some∣time so called.

Before we went from thence, our generall caused to be set up a monument of our being there; as also of her Majesties, and successors right and title to that kingdome, namely, a plate of brasse, fast nailed to a great and firm post: whereon is engraven her graces name, and the day and yeare of our arrivall there, and of the free giving up, of the province and kingdome, both by the king and people, into her Majesties hands: together with her highnesse picture, and arms in a piece of sixpence ••ntrant English money, shewing itself by a hole made of pur∣pose through the place: underneath was likewise engraven the name of our Generall, &c.

The Spaniards never had any dealing, or so much as set a foot in this country: the utmost of their discourses, reaching onely to many degrees Southward of this place.

And now, as the time of our departure was perceived by them to draw nigh, so did the sorrows and miseries of this peo∣ple, seem to themselves to increase upon them; and the more certain they were of our going away, the more doubtfull they shewed themselves, what they might doe; so that we might

easily judg that that joy (being exceeding great) wherewith they received us at our first arrivall, was clean drown'd in their ex∣cessive sorrow for our departing: for they did not only loose on a suddain all mirth, joy, glad countenance, pleasant speech∣es, agility of body, familiar rejoycing one with another, and all pleasure whotever flesh and bloud might be delighted in, but with sighs and forrowings, with heavy hearts and grieved minds, they powred out wofull complaints and moanes, with bitter teares and wringing of their hands, tormenting them∣selves. And as men refusing all comfort, they only accounted themselves as castawaies, and those whom the gods were a∣bout to forsake: so that nothing we could say or doe, was able to ease them of their so heavy a burthen, or to deliver them from so desperate a strait, as our leaving of them did seem to them that it would cast them into.

Howbeit seeing they could not still injoy our presence, they (supposing us to be gods indeed) thought it their duties to in∣treat us that being absent, we would yet be mindfull of them, and making signes of their desires, that in time to come we would see them again, they stole upon us a sacrifice, and set it on fire ere we were a ware: burning therein a chaine and a bunch of feathers. We laboured by all meanes possible to with∣hold or withdraw them, but could not prevaile, till at last we fell to prayers and singing of Psalms, whereby they were allu∣red immediately to forget their folly, and leave their sacri∣fice unconsumed, suffering the fire to goe out, and imitating us in all our actions; they fell a lifting up their eyes and hands to heaven as they saw us doe.

The 23. of July they took a sorrowfull farewell of us, but be∣ing loath to leave us, they presenly ran to the tops of the hils to keep us in their sight as long as they could, making fires be∣fore and behind, and on each side of them, burning therein (as is to be supposed) sacrifices to our departure.

Not far without this harborough, bid lye certain Islands (we called them the Islands of Saint James) having on them plen∣tifull

and great store of Seals and birds, with one of which we fell, July 24.* 1.84 whereupon we found such provision as might competently serve our turn for a while: we departed again the day next following, viz. July 25.* 1.85 And our Generall now con∣sidering, that the extremity of the cold not only continued but increased, the Sun being gone father from us, and that the wind blowing still (as it did at first) from the northwest, out off all of finding a passage through the northern parts, thought it necessary to loose no time; and therefore with generall con∣sent of all, bent his course directly to runne with the Islands of the Moluccas. And so having nothing in our view but aire and sea, without sight of any land for the space of full 68. days together, we continued our course through the main Ocean, till September 30.* 1.86 following, on which day we fell in kenne of certain Islands, lying about eight degrees to the Northward of the line.

From these Islands presently upon the discovery of us, came a great number of canows, having each of them in some foure, in some six, in some foureteen or fifteen men, bringing with them Coquos, fish, Potatoes, and certain fruits to small pur∣pose.

There canows were made after the fashion, that the canows of all the rest of the Islands of Moluccas for the most part are: that is, of one tree, hollowed within with great art and cunning being made so smooth both within and without, that they bore a glass, as if it were a harnesse most finely burnished: a prow and st••rn they had of one fashion, yeilding inward in manner of a semicircle, of a great height, and hanged full of certain white and gistering shels for bravery: on each side of their canows, lay out two pieces of Timber about a yard and halflong, more or less according to the capacity of their boat. At the ends whereof was fastned crossewise a great cane, the use whereof was to keep their canows from overthrowing, and that they might be equally born up on each side.

The people themselves have the neather parts of their ears

cut round or circlewise, hanging down very low upon their cheeks, wherein they hang things of a reasonable weight: the nails on the fingers of some of them, were at least an inch long and their teeth as black as pitch; the colour whereof they use to renew by often eating of an herb, with a kind of powder, which in a cane they carry about them for the same purpose. The first sort & company of those canows being come to our ship (which then by reason of a scant wind made a little way) very subtilly and against their natures, began in peace to traf∣fique with us, giving us one thing for another very orderly, in∣tending (as we perceived, hereby to work a greater mischief to us: intreating us by signs most earnestly to draw neerer to∣wards the shoare, that they might (if possible) make the easier prey both of the ship and us. But these passing away, and o∣thers continually resorting, we were quickly able to guesse at them what they were: for if they received any thing once in∣to their hands, they would neither give recompence nor resti∣tution of it, but thought what ever they could finger to be their own: expecting alwaies with brows of brass to receive more, but would part with nothing: yea being rejcted for their bad dealing, as those with whom we would have no more to do▪ u∣sing us so evilly, they could not be satisfied till they had given the attempt to revenge themselves, because we would not give them whatsoever they would have for nothing: and having stones good store in their canows, let flie a many of them a∣gainst us. It was far from our Generals meaning to requite their malice by like injury. Yet that they might know he had power to do them harm (if he had listed) he caused a great peece to be shot off, not to hurt them but to affright them. Which wrought the desired effect amongst them, for at the noise thereof; they every own leaped out of his canow into the water, and diving under the keele of their boats, stayed them from going any way till our ship was gone a good way from them. Then they all lightly recovered into their canows▪ and got them with speed toward the shoare.

Notwithstanding other new companies (but all of the same mind) continually made resort upon vs. And seeing that there was no good to begot by violence they put on a shew of seeming honestie, and offering in shew to deale with vs by way of exchange; under that pretence they cunningly fell a filching of what they could, and one of them puld a dagger & knives from one of our mens girdles, and being required to restore it again, he rather used what meanes he could to catch at more. Neither could we at all be rid of this ungracious com∣pany, till we made some of them feele some smart as well as terror: and so we left that place by all passengers to bee known hereafter by the name of the Island of Theeves.

* 1.87Till the 3. of October we could not get cleere of these con∣sorts,* 1.88 but from thence we continued our course without sight of land till the 16. of the same moneth, when we fell with foure Islands standing in 7. de. 5. mi. to the northward of the line.* 1.89 We coasted them till the 21. day, and then anchored and watered upon the biggest of them called Mindanao.* 1.90 The 22. of October as we past between 2. Islands, about six or eight leagues south of Mindanao, there came from thence two can∣nows to have talked with us, and we would willingly have talked with them, but there arose so much wind that put us from them to the southwards. October 25.* 1.91 we passeb by the Island named Talao. in 3. deg. 40. min. we saw to the North∣ward of it three or foure other Islands,* 1.92 Teda, Selan, Saran, (3. Ilands so named to us by an Indian) the middle whereof stands in 3. deg. we past the last save one of these,* 1.93 and 1. day of the following moneth in like manner,* 1.94 we past the Isle Suaro, in 1. deg. 30. mi. and the the 3. of November we came in sight of the Islands of the Moluccaes as we desired.

These are foure high picked Islands, their names, Tirenate, Tidore, Maetchan, Batchan, all of them very fruitfull, and yeild∣ing abundance of Cloves, whereof we furnished our selves of as much as we desired at very cheap rate. At the East of them lyes a very great Island called Gillola.

We directed our course to have gone to Tidore, but in coast∣ing along a little Island belonging to the King of Terenate, No∣vemb. 4. his Deputy or Viceroy with all expedition came off to our Ship in a Canow, and without any fear or doubting of our good meaning came presently aboard. Who after some confe∣rence with our Generall, intreated him by any meanes to runne with Terenate, not with Tidore, assuring him that his King would be wondrous glad of his comming, and be ready to doe for him what he could, and what our Generall in reason should require: For which purpose he himselfe would that night be with his King to carry him the news: with whom if he once dealt, he should find, that as he was a King so his word should stand; whereas if he dealt with the Portugals (who had the command of Tidore) he should find in them nothing but deceit and trea∣chery. And besides that if he went to Tidore before he came to Terenate, then would his King have nothing to doe with us, for he held the Portugall as an Enemy. On these perswasions our Generall resolved to run with Terenate, where the next day very early in the morning we came to anchor: And presently, our Ge∣neral sent a messenger to the King with a velvet cloak for a pre∣sent and token that his comming should be in peace: and that he required no other thing at his hands, but that (his Victuals being spent in so long a Voyage) he might have supply from him by way of traffique and exchange of Merchandise (wherof he had store of divers sorts) of such things as he wanted. Which he thought he might be the bolder to require at his hands, both for that the thing was lawfull, and that he offered him no preju∣dice or wrong therein, as also because he was entreated ••o re∣paire to that place by his Viceroy at Mutir, who assured him of necessary provision in such manner as now he required the same.

Before this, the Viceroy according to his promise had been with the King, signifying unto him what a mighty Prince and Kingdome we belonged unto, what good things the King might receive from us, not onely now; but for hereafter by way of

traffique; yea what honour and benefit it might be to him, to be in league and friendship with so noble and famous a Prince as we served: And farther what a discouragement it would be to the Portugals his Enemies to hear and see it. In hearing wherof the King was so presently moved to the well liking of the mat∣ter, that before our Messenger could come half the way, he had sent the Viceroy with divers others of his Nobles and Coun∣cellors to our Generall, with speciall message that he should not only have what things he needed, or would require with peace and friendship, but that he would willingly entertaine a∣mity with so famous and renowned a Prince as was ours, and that if it seemed good in her eyes to accept of it, he would sequester the commodities and traffique of his whole Island from others, especially from his enemies the Portugals (from whom he had nothing but by the Sword) and reserve it to the entercourse of our Nation, if we would embrace it: In token whereof he had now sent to our Generall his Signet, and would within short time after, come in his owne person with his brethren and No∣bles with Boates or Canows into our Ship, and be a meanes of bringing her into a safer Harbour.

While they were delivering their message to us, our Messen∣ger was come unto the Court, who being met by the way by certaine noble personages, was with great solemnity conveyed into the Kings presence; at whose hands he was most friendly and graciously entertained, and having delivered his errand to∣gether with his present unto the King, the King seemed to him to judge himselfe blame-worthy that he had not sooner hasted in person to present himselfe to our Generall, who came so far and from so great a Prince; And presently with all expedition, he made ready himselfe with the chiefest of all his States and Councellors to make repair unto us.

The manner of his coming as it was Princely, so truly it see∣med to us very strange and marvelous; serving at the present not so much to set out his owne royall and kingly state (vvhich vvas great) as to do honour to her Highnesse to vvhom vve belonged

vvherein hovv vvillingly he imployed himselfe, the Sequel vvill make manifest.

First therefore, before his coming, did he send off three great and large Canovves, in each vvhereof, vvere certain of the grea∣test personaegs that vvere about him, attired all of them in vvhite Lavvn, or cloth of Calecut, having over their heads, from one end of the Canovv to the other, a covering of thin and fine mats, born up by a frame made of Reeds, under vvhich every man sat in order according to his dignity; the hoary heads of many of them, set forth the greater reverence due to their per∣sons, and manifestly shewed, that the King used the advise of a grave and prudent Counsell in his affaires. Besides these, were divers others, young and comely men, a great number attired in white as were the other, but with manifest differences: ha∣ving their places also under the same covering, but in inferior order, as their calling required.

The rest of the men were Souldiers, who stood in comely or∣der round about on both sides; on the outside of whom, againe did sit the rowers in certain galleries, which being three on each side all alongst the Canow, did lie off from the side therof, some three or four Yards, one being orderly builded lower then the other: in every of vvhich Galleries vvas an equall number of Ba••cks, vvhereon did sit the Rowers, about the number of four∣score in one Canow: In the forepart of each Canow, sat two men, the one holding a Tabret, the other a peece of Brasse, whereon they both at once stroke; and observing a due time and reasonable space betweene each stroke, by the sound there∣of, directed the Rowers to keepe their stroke with their Oares; as on the contrary, the Rowers ending their stroke with a song, gave warning to the others to strike againe; and so continued they their way with marvelous swiftnesse: neither were their Canows naked or unfurnished of warlike munition, they had each of them, at least one small cast piece of about a yard in length mounted upon a stock, which was set upright; besids eve∣ry man except the Rowers, had his Sword, Dagger, and Target,

and some of them some other weapons, as Lances, Callivers, Bowes, Arrows, and many Darts.

These Canowes comming neere our Ship in order, rowed round about us one after another; and the men as they passe by us, did us a kind of homage with great solemnity, the greatest Personages beginning first, with reverend countenance and be∣haviour to bow their bodies even to the ground: which done, they put our owne messenger aboard us againe, and signified to us that their King (who himselfe was comming) had sent them before him to conduct our Ship into a better roade, desiring a Halfer to be given them forth, that they might employ their service as their King commanded, in towing our Ship therewith to the place assigned.

The King himselfe was not far behind, but he also with six grave and ancient Fathers in his Canow approching, did at once together with them, yeeld us a reverend kind of obeysance in far more humble manner, then was to be expected; he was of a tall stature, very corpulent and well set together, of a ve∣ry Princely and gratious countenance; his respect amongst his owne was such, that neither his Viceroy of Mutir aforenamed, nor any other of his Counsellors, durst speake unto him but u∣pon their knees, not rising againe till they were licenced.

Whose comming as it was to our Generall, no small cause of good liking, so was he received in the best manner we could, answerable unto his state: our Ordnance thundred, which we mixed with great store of small shot, among which sounding our trumpets and other instruments of musick, both of still and loud noise, wherwith he was so much delighted, that requesting our musick to come into the Boat, he joyned his Canow to the same, & was towed at least a whole hour together, with the boat at the sterne of our Ship: Besides this our Generall sent him such presents, as he thought, might both requite his courtesie already received, and worke a farther confirmation of that good liking and friendship already begun.

The King being thus in musicall paradise, and enjoying that

wherewith he was so highly pleased; his brother named Moro with no lesse bravery, then any of the rest, accompanied also with a great number of gallant followers, made the like repair, and gave us like respect; and his homage done he fell a sterne of us, till we came to anchor▪ neither did our Generall leave his courtesie unrewarded, but bountifully pleased him also be∣fore we parted.

The King as soone as we were come to anchor, craved par∣done to be gone, and so tooke leave, promising us, that the next day he would come aboard, and in the meane time would pre∣pare and send such Victuals as were requisite and necessary for our provision.

Accordingly the same night, and the morrow following, we received what was there to be had, by way of traffique, to wit, Rice in pretty quantity, Hens, Sugar-canes, imperfect and li∣quid Sugar, a fruit which they call Figo (Magellane cals it a Fig of a span long, but is no other then that which the Spani∣ards and Portugals have named Plantanes) Cocoes and a kind of meale▪ which they call Sago, made of the tops of certaine trees, tasting in the mouth like sowre curdes, but melts away like Sugar; whereof they make a kinde of cake which will keepe good at least ten yeers; of this last we made the greatest quan∣tity of our provision: for a few Cloves we did also traffique, whereof for a small matter, we might have had grearer store, then we could well tell where to bestow: but our Generals care vvas that the Ship should not be too much pestered or anoyed therewith.

At the time appointed our Generall (having set all things in order to receive him) looked for the Kings returne, who fai∣ling both in time and promise, sent his Brother to make his ex∣cuse, and to intreat our Generall to come on shoar; his brother being the while to remain aboard, as a pawne for his safe resto∣ring: our Generall could willingly have consented, if the King himselfe had not first broke his word the consideration where∣of, bred an utter disliking in the whole company, who by no

meanes would give consent, he should hazard himselfe, especi∣all, for that the Kings Brother had uttered certaine words, in secret conference with our Generall aboard his Cabbin, which bred no small suspition of ill intent; our General being thus re∣solved not to goe a shoar at that time, reserved the Viceroy for a pledge, and so sent certaine of his Gentlemen to the Court, both to accompany the Kings Brother, and also with speciall message to the King himselfe.

They being come somewhat neere unto the Castle, were re∣ceived by another Brother of the Kings, and certaine others of the greatest States and conducted with great honour towards the Castle, where being brought into a large and faire house, they saw gathered together a great multitude of people, by supposition at least a thousand, the chief whereof were placed round about the House, according as it seemed to their degrees and calling, the rest remained without.

The House was in forme four square, covered all over with cloth of divers colours, not much unlike our usuall Pentadoes borne upon a frame of Reeds, the sides being open from the groundsell to the covering, and furnished with seates round a∣bout: it seemes it was there Councell▪house and not common∣ly employed to any other use.

At the side of this house next unto the Castle was feared the chaire of state, having directly over it, and extending very larg∣ly every way, a very faire and rich Canopy, as the ground also for some ten or twelve paces compasse, was covered with cloth of Arias.

Whilest our Gentlemen attended in this place the comming of the King, which was about the space of halfe an hour, they had the better opportunity to observe these things; as also that before the Kings comming, there were already set threescore noble grave and ancient personages, all of them reported to be of the Kings privy Councell; at the the nether end of the house were placed a great company of young men, of comely perso∣nage and attire. Without the house on the right side, stood four

ancient comely hoare-headed men, clothed all in red downe to the ground, but attired on their heads not much unlike the Turks; these they called Romans, or Strangers, who lay as Lidgi∣ers there to keepe continuall traffique with this people: there were also two Turks one Italian as Lidgiers; and last of all one Spaniard, who being freed by the Kings out of the hands of the Portugals, in the recovering of the Island, served him now in stead of a Souldier.

The King at last coming from the Castle with 8. or 10. more grave Senators following him, had a very rich Canopy (adorned in the middest with Embossings of Gold) borne over him, and was guarded with 12. Lances the points turned downward: our men (accompanied with Moro the Kings brother) arose to meet him, and he very graciously did welcome and entertain them.

He was for Person, such as we have before described him, of low voice, temperate in speech, of Kingly demeanour, and a Moore by Nation. His attire was after the fashion of the rest of his Country, but far more sumptuous, as his condition and state required: from the Waste to the ground, was all Cloth of Gold, and that very rich; his Legs bare, but on his Feet a paire of Shooes of Cordivant died Red: in the attire of his head, were finely wreathed in divers rings of plated Gold, of an inch, or an inch and halfe in bredth, which made a fair and princely shew, somewhat resembling a crowne in forme; about his necke he had a chaine of perfect Gold, the linkes very great and one fold double; on his left hand was a Diamond, an Emerald, a Ruby; and a Turky, four very fair and perfect jewels; on his right hand in one Ring, a big and perfect Turky, and in another Ring many Diamonds of a smaller size, very artificiall set and couched to∣gether.

As thus he sate in his Chaire of State, at his right side there stood a Page with a very costly fan (richly embrodered and be∣set with Saphires) breating and gathering the aire to refresh the King, the place being very hot, both by reason of the Sun, and the assembly of so great a multitude. After a while our gentle∣men

having delivered their message, and received answer, were licenced to depart, and vvere safely conducted backe againe, by one of the chiefe of the Kings Councell, who had charge from the King himselfe to performe the same.

Our Gentlemen observing the Castle as well as they could, could not conceive it to be a place of any great force two onely Canons they there saw, and those at that present untraversable because unmounted. These with all other furniture of like sort which they have, they have gotten them from the Portugals, by whom the Castle it self was also builded, whiles they inhabited that place and Island. Who seeking to settle a tyrannous gover∣ment (as in other places so) over this people, and not conten∣ting themselves with a better estate then they deserved (except they might (as they thought) make sure worke by leaving none of the royall blood alive, who should make challenge to the Kingdome) cruelly murthered the King himselfe (father to him who now raignes) and intended the like to all his sons. Which cruelty instead of establishing brought such a shaking on their usurped estate, that they were fain, without covenanting to car∣ry away Goods, Munition, or any thing else to quit the place and the whole Island to save their lives.

For the present King with his brethren in revenge of their fa∣thers murther, so bestirred themselves, that the Portugall was wholly driven from that Island, and glad that he yet keeps foo∣ting in Tidore. These four yeeres this King hath been encrea∣sing, and was (as was affirmed) at that present, Lord of an hun∣dred Islands thereabout; and was even now preparing his forces to hazard a chance with the Portugals for Tidore it selfe.

The People are Moores, whose Religion consists much in cer∣taine superstitious observations of new Moones, and certaine season•• with a rigid and strickt kind of fasting. We had experi∣ence hereof in the Viceroy and his retinue who lay aboard us all the time for the most part during our abode in this place: who 〈◊〉〈◊〉 their prescribed time, would neither eat not drinke, not 〈…〉〈…〉 as a cup of cold water in the day (so zealous are they

in their selfe devised worship) but yet in the night would eate three times and that very largely. This Terenate stands in 27. min. North latitude.

While we rode at anchor in the harbour of Terenate, besides the Natives there come aboard us another, a goodly Gentleman, very well accompanied with his Interpreter, to view our Ship, and to conferre with our Generall; he was apparelled much af∣ter our manner most ••eat and Courtlike; his carriage the most respective, and full of discreet behaviour that ever we had seen; He told us that he was himselfe but a stranger in those Islands, being a naturall of the Province of Paghia in China; his name, Pausaos of the family of Hombu; of which family there had 11. raigned in continuall succession these two hundred years, and King Boxog by the death of his elder brother (who died by a fall from his Horse) the rightfull heire of all China, is the twelfth of this race, he is 22. years of age; his Mother yet living: he hath a Wife, and by her one Son: he is well beloved, and highly ho∣noured of all his subjects, and lives in great peace from any feare of Forreign invasion: but it was not this mans fortune to enjoy his part of this happinesse both of his King and Country, as he most desired.

For being accused of a capitall crime whereof (though free) yet he could not evidently make his Innocency appeare, and knowing the peremptory justice of China, to be irrevocable, if he should expect the sentence of the Judges; he before hand made suite to his King, that it would please him to commit his trial to Gods providence and judgement, and to that end to per∣mit him to travel, on this condition, that if he brought not home some worthy Intelligence, such as his Majestie had never had before, and were most fit to be known, and most honourable for China, he should for ever live an Exile, or else dye for daring to set foot againe in his owne Country: for he was assured that the God of Heaven had care of Innocency.

The King granted his suite, and now he had been three yeares abroad, and at this present came from Tidore (where he had re∣mained

two Moneths) to see the English Generall, of whom he heard such strange things, and from him (if it pleased God to afford it) to learne some such Intelligence as might make way for his returne into his Country, and therefore he earnestly in∣treated our Generall, to make relation to him of the occasion, way, and manner of his comming so far from England thither, with the manifold Occurrences that had happened to him by the way.

Our Generall gave ample satisfaction to each part of his re∣quest; the stranger harkned with great attention and delight to his discourse, and as he naturally excelled i•• memory (be∣sides his help of Art to better the same) so he firmely printed it in his mind, and with great reverence thanked God, who had so unexpectedly brought him, to the notice of such admirable things. Then fell he to intreate our Generall with many most earnest and vehement perswasions, that he would be content to see his Country before his departure any farther Westward, that it should be a most pleasant, most honourable, and most pofitabe thing for him that he should gain hereby the notice, & carry home the description of one of the most ancient, migh∣tiest and richest Kingdoms in the world. Hereupon he took oc∣casion to relate the number and greatnesse of the Provinces, with the rare Commodities and good things they yeelded; the number, statelinesse, and riches of their Cities, with what abun∣dance of Men, Victuals, Munition, and all manner of necessaries & delightful things they were stored with: In particular, touch∣ing Ordnance and great Guns (the late invention of a scab shind Frier amongst us in Europe) he related that in Sunuien (by some called Quinzai) which is the chiefest City of all China, they had brasse Ordnance of all sorts (much easier to be traversed then ours were, and so perfectly made that they would hi•• a shil∣ling) above two thousand yeers agoe. With many other worthy things which our Generals own experience (if it would please him to make triall) would (better then his relation) assure him of. The brize would shortly serve very fitly to carry him thither

and he himself would accompany him al the way. He accounted himselfe a happy man, that he had but seen and spoken with us; the relation of it might perhaps serve him to recover favour in his Country; but if he could prevaile with our Generall him∣selfe to goe thither, he doubted not but it would be a meanes of his great advancement, and increase of honour with his King. Notwithstanding our Generall could not on any such perswasi∣ons be induced, and so the stranger parted sorry, that he could not prevaile in his request, yet exceeding glad of the Intelli∣gence he had learned.

By the ninth of November having gotten what provision the place could affoord us, we then set sayle;* 1.95 and considering that our Ship for want of trimming was now growne foule, that our caske and vessels for water were much decayed; and that divers other things stood in need of reparation; our next care was, how we might fall with such a place where with safety we might a while stay for the redressing of these inconveniencies. The calm∣nesse of the winds, which are almost continuall before the com∣ming of the brize (which was not yet expected) perswaded us it was the fittest time that we could take.

With this resolution we sailed along till November 14.* 1.96 at what time we arrived at a little Island (to the Southward of Ce∣lebes) standing in 1. deg. 40. min. towards the pole antarticke; which being without Inhabitants, gave us the better hope of quiet abode. We anchored, and finding the place convenient for our purposes (there wanting nothing here which we stood in need of, but onely water which we were faine to fetch from another Island somewhat farther to the South) made our abode here for six and twenty whole dayes together.

The first thing we did, we pitched our Tents and intrenched our selves as strongly as we could upon the shoare, least at any time perhaps we might have been disturbed by the Inhabitants of the greater Island which lay not far to the Westward of us; after we had provided thus for our security, we landed our Goods, and had a Smiths Forge set up, both for the making of

some necessary Shipworke, and for the repairing of some Iron-hooped Caskes, without which they could not long have served our use: and for that our Smiths Coals were all spent long be∣fore this time; there was order given and followed for the bur∣ning of Charcoale, by which that want might be supplyed.

We trimd our Ship, and performed our other businesses to our content. The place affording us not onely all necessaries (which we had not of our owne before) thereunto, but also wonderfull refreshing to our wearied bodies, by the comforta∣ble reliefe and excellent provision that here we found, whereby of sickly, weake, and decayed (as many of us seemed to be be∣fore our comming hither we in short space grew all of us to be strong, lusty, and healthfull persons. Besides this, we had rare experience of Gods wonderfull wisedome in many rare and ad∣mirable creatures which here we saw.

The whole Island is a through grown wood, the trees for the most part are of large and high stature, very straight and clean without bowes, save onely in the very top. The leaves whereof are not much unlike our Brooms in England: Among these Trees, night by night did shew themselves an infinite swarme of Firie-seeming wormes flying in the aire, whose bodies (no big∣ger then an ordinary Flye) did make a shew, and give such light as if every twig on every Tree had been a lighted Candle: or as if that place had beene the Starry Sphear. To these we may adde the relation of another, almost as strange a creature, which here we saw, and that was an innumerable multitude of huge Bats or Reare-mice, equalling or rather exceeding a good Hen in bignesse. They flie with marvelous swiftnesse, but their flight is very short; and when they light, they hang onely by the bowes with their backs downeward.

Neither may we without ingratitude (by reason of the spe∣cial use we made of them) omit to speak of the huge multitude of a certaine kind of Crayfish, of such a size, that one was suffi∣cient to satisfie four hungry men at a dinner, being a very good and restorative meat; the speciall means (as we conceived it) of ou•• increase of health.

They are as farre as we could perceive, utter strangers to the Sea, living alwayes on the Land, where they worke themselves earths, as doe the conies, or rather they dig great and huge caves under the rootes of the most huge and monstrous Trees, where they lodge themselves by companies together. Of the same sort and kind, we found in other places, about the Iland Celebes some that for want of other refuge, when we came to take them, did clime up into trees to hide themselves, whether we were enfor∣ced to climb after them, if we would have them, which we would not stick to do rather then to be without them: this I∣sland we called Crab-Island.

All necessary causes of our staying longer in this place being at last finished, our Generall prepared to be in a readinesse, to take the first advantage of the comming of the brize or winde which we expected; and having the day before, furnished our selves with fresh water from the other Island, and taken in pro∣vision of Wood and the like: December 12.* 1.97 we put to Sea di∣recting our course toward the West: the 16. day we had sight of the Island Celebes or Silebis, but having a bad wind,* 1.98 and being intangled among many Ilands, incumbred also with many other difficulties, & some dangers, & at last meeting with a deep Bay, out of which we could not in three dayes turne out againe, we could not by any meanes recover the North of Silebis, or con∣tinue on our course farther West, but were inforced to alter the same toward the South; finding that course also to be both difficult and very dangerous, by reason of many shoales, which lay far off here and there among the Islands, insomuch, that in all our passages from England hitherto, we had never more care to keepe our selves a float, and from sticking on them: thus were we forced to beat up and downe with extraordinary care and circumspection till January 9.* 1.99 at which time, we supposed that we had at last attained a free passage, the land turning evi∣dently in our sight about to Westward, and the Winde being enlarged followed us as we desired with a reasonable Gale.

When loe on a sudden, when we least suspected no shew or

suspition of danger appearing to us, and we were now sailing onward with full sails, in the beginning of the first watch of the said day at night, even in a moment our ship was laid up fast up∣on a desperate shoal, with no other likelihood in appearance, but that we with her must there presently perish: there being no probability how any thing could be saved, or any Person s••••pe alive.

The unexpectednesse of so extreame a danger, presently rou∣sed us up to looke about us, but the more we looked, the lesse hope we had of getting clear of it againe, so that nothing now presenting it selfe to our mindes, but the ghastly appearance of instant death, affording no respite or time pausing, called upon us to turne our thoughts another way, to renounce the World, to deny our selves, and to commend our selves into the mercifull hands of our most gracious God; to this purpose we presently fell prostrate, and with joyned prayers sent up unto the throne of grace, humbly be sought Almighty God, to extend his mercy unto us in his Son Christ Jesus; and so preparing as it were our necks unto the blocke, we every minute expected the finall stroke to be given unto us.

Notwithstanding that we expected nothing but iminent death, yet (that we might not seeme to tempt God, by leaving any second meanes unattempted which he afforded) presently as soon as prayers were ended, our General (exhorting us to have the especiallest care of the better part, to wit, the Soule, and ad∣ding many comfortable speeches of the joyes of that other life, which we now alone looked for) incouraged us all to bestirre our selves, shewing us the way thereto by his owne example; and first of all the Pump being wel plyed, and the ship freed of Water, we found our Leakes to be nothing increased, which though it gave us no hope of deliverance, yet it gave us some hope of respite, insomuch, as it assured us that the Bulke was sound, which truly we acknowledged to be an immediate pro∣vidence of God alone, insomuch, as no strength of wood and I∣••on could have possibly born so hard and violent a shock, as our

Ship did, dashing herselfe under full saile against the Rocks, ex∣cept the extraordinary hand of God, had supported the same.

Our next assay was for good ground and anchor-hold, to Sea∣ward of us (wheron to hale) by which meanes if by any, our Ge∣nerall put us in comfort, that there was yet left some hope to cleer our selves; in his owne person, ••e therefore undertooke the charge of sounding, and but even a Boats length from the Ship, he found that the bottom could not by any length of line be reached unto; so that the beginnings of hope, which we were willing to have conceived before, were by this meanes quite dasht againe▪ yea, our misery seemed to be increased, for whereas at first we could looke for nothing but a present end, that expectation was now turned, into the awaiting for a lingring death, of the two, the far more fearefull to be chosen; one thing fell out happily for us, that the most of our men did not conceive this thing, which had they done, they would in all likelihood have been so much discouraged, that their sorrow would the more disable them, to have sought the remedy; our Generall with those few others, that could judge of the event wisely, diss••mbling the same, and giving in the meantime cheer∣full speeches, and good incouragements unto the rest.

For whiles it semed to be a clear case, that our Ship was so fast moared, that she could not stirre; it necessarily followed, that either we were there to remaine on the place with her; or else leaving her to commit our selves in a most poore and help∣lesse state to seeke some other place of stay and refuge, the better of which two choices, did carry with it the appearance of worse then one thousand deaths.

As touching our Ship this was the comfort that she could give us, that she her selfe lying there confined already upon the hard and pinching Rocks, did tell us plaine, that she conti∣nually expected her speedy dispatch, as soone as the Sea and windes should come, to be the severe Executioners of that hea∣vy judgement, by the appointment of the eternall judge alrea∣dy

given upon her, who had committed her there to Adaman∣tine bounds in a most narrow prison, against their comming for that purpose: so that if we would stay with her, we must perish with her; or if any by any yet unperceivable meanes, should chance to be delivered, his escape must needes be a perpetuall misery, it being far better to have perished together, then with the losse and absence of his friends, to live in a strange Land: whether a solirary life (the better choice) among wild Beasts, as a Bird on the Mountaines without all comfort, or a∣mong the barbarous people of the Heathen, in intollerable bondage both of body and mind.

And put the case that her day of destruction should be defer∣red, longer then either reason could perswade us, or in any like∣lihood could seeme possible (it being not the power of Earth∣ly things to indure what she had suffred already) yet could our abode there profit us nothing, but increase our wretchednesse, and enlarge our sorrows, for as her store and Victuals were not much (sufficient to sustaine us onely some few dayes, without hope of having any increase, no not so much as a cup of cold water) so must it inevitably come to passe, that we (as children in the Mothers Womb) should be driven even to eat the flesh from of our owne Arms, she being no longer able to sustaine us; and how horrible a thing this would have proved, is easie by any one to be derceived.

And whither (had we departed from her) should we have re∣ceived any comfort; nay the very impossibility of going, ap∣peared to be no lesse, then those other before mentioned: our Boat was by no meanes able at once to carry above 20. persons with any safety, and we were 58 in all, the neerest Land was six leagues from us, and the winde from the shoar directly bent a∣gainst us; or should we have thought of setting some a shoare, and after that to have fetched the rest, there being no place thereabout without Inhabitants, the first that had landed must first have fallen into the hand of the Enemy, and so the rest in order, and though perhaps we might escape the Sword, yet

would our life have been worse then death, not alone in respect of our wofull captivity, and bodily miseries, but most of all in respect of our Christian liberty, being to be deprived of all pub∣lique meanes of serving the true God, and continually grieved with the horrible impieties and divellish Idolatries of the Hea∣then.

Our misery being thus manifest, the very consideration wherof must needs have shaken flesh and blood, if faith in Gods promises had not mightily sustained us, we past the night with earnest longings that the day would once appeare, the meane time we spent in often prayers and other godly exercises, there∣by comforting our selves, and refreshing our hearts, striving to bring our selves to an humble submission under the hand of God, and to a referring our selves wholly to his good will and pleasure.

The day therefore at length appearing, and it being almost full Sea about that time, after we had given thankes to God for his forbearing of us hitherto, and had with teares called upon him to blesse our labours; we againe renewed our travell, to see if we could now possibly find any anchor-hold, which we had formerly sought in vaine. But this second attempt proved as fruitlesse as the former, and left us nothing to trust to, but pray∣ers and tears seeing it appeared impossible that ever the fore∣cast, councell, pollicy, or power of man could ever eff••ct the de∣livery of our Ship, except the Lord onely miraculously should do the same.

It was therefore presently motioned, and by generall voyce determined to commend our case to God alone, leaving our selves wholly in his hand; to spill or save us as seeme best to his gracious wisedome. And that our faith might be the better strengthned, and the comfortable apprehension of Gods mer∣cy in Christ be more clearly felt; we had a Sermon, and the Sacrament of the body and blood of our Saviour celebrated.

After this sweet repast was thus received, and other holy ex∣ercises adjoyned were ended▪ lest we should seeme guilty in any

respect for using all lawfull means we could not invent; we fell to one other practise yet unassayed, to wit, to unloading of our Ship by casting some of her goods into the Sea; which thing as it was attempted most willingly, so was it dispatched in very short time. So that even those things which we before this time nor any other in our case could be without, did now seeme as things onely worthy to be despised; yea, we were herein so for∣ward, that neither our munition for defence, nor the very meale for sustentation of our lives could find favour with us, but every thing as it first came to hand went overboard, assuring our selves of this, that if it pleased God once to deliver us out of that most desperate strait wherein we were, he would fight for us against our Enemies, neither would he suffer us to perish for want of bread. But when all was done, it was not any of our endeavours, but Gods onely hand that wrought our delivery; 'twas he alone that brought us even under the very stroke of death; t'was he a∣lone that said unto us, Returne againe ye sons of men; 'twas he alone that set us at liberty again, that made us safe & free, after that we had remained in the former miserable condition, the full space of twenty hours, to his glorious name be the ever∣lasting praise.

The manner of our delivery (for the relation of it will espe∣cially be expected) was onely this. The place whereon we sat so fast was a fi••me Rock in a cleft, whereof it was we stucke on the Larboardside, at low Water there was not above six foot depth in all on the Starboard, within little distance as you have heard no bottome to be found, the Brize during the whole time that we thus were stayed, blew somewhat stiffe directly against our broad side, and so perforce kept the Ship upright: It pleased God in the beginning of the tide, while the water was yet almost at lowest, to slacke the stiffnesse of the Wind; and now our Ship who required thirteene foote water to make her fleet, and had not at that time on the one side above seven at most, wanting her prop on the other side, which had too long already kept her up, fell a heeling towards the deepe Wa∣ter,

and by that meanes freed her Keele and made us glad men.

This shoale is at least three or four leagues in length, it lyes in two deg. lacking three or foure minutes South latitude. The day of this deliverance was the tenth of January.* 1.100

Of all the dangers that in our whole Voyage we met with, this was the greatest, but it was not the last as may appeare by what ensueth. Neither could we indeed for a long season free our selves from the continuall care and feare of them; nor could we ever come to any convenient anchoring, but were continually for the most part tost amongst the many Islands and shoales (which lye in infinite number round about on the South parts of Celebes) till the eighth day of the following Moneth.

Jan. 12.* 1.101 being not able to beare our sayles by reason of the tempest and fearing of the dangers, we let fall our anchors upon a shoal in 3. deg. 30. min. Ian. 14.* 1.102 we were gotten a little farther South, whereat an Island in 4. deg. 6 min. we againe cast anchor and spent a day in watering and wooding. After thi•• we met with foule weather, Westerly winds, and dangerous shoales for many dayes together; insomuch, that we were utterly weary of this coast of Sillebis, and thought best to bear with Timor. The Southermost cape of Sillebis stands in 5. deg. that side the line.

But of this coast of Sillebis we could not so easily clear our selves. The 20. of Janu. we were forced to run with a small I∣sland not far from thence;* 1.103 where having sent our Boat a good distance from us to search out a place where we might anchor: we were suddenly environed with no small extremities, for there arose a most violent, yea an intollerable flaw ••••d storme out of the Southwest against us, making us (who were on a Lee shoar amongst most dangerous and hidden shoales) to feare extreamly not onely the losse of our Bo••t and Men, but the present losse of our selves, our Ship and good••, or the casting of those men whom God should spare into the hands of Infidels. Which misery could not by any Power or Industry of ours have been avoided, if the mercifull goodnesse of God had not (by staying the outragious extremities wherewith we were set

upon) wrought our present delivery, by whose unspeakable mercy our men and Boat also were unexpected, yet safely, re∣stored unto us.

We gat off from this place as well as we could, and conti∣nued on our course till the 26. day, when the winde tooke us, very strong against us,* 1.104 West and West Southwest, so as that we could beare no more saile, till the end of that Moneth was full expired.

February 1.* 1.105 we saw very high land, and as it seemed well inha∣bited, we would faine have borne with it to have got some suc∣cour, but the weather was so ill, that we could find no Harbour, and we were very fearfull of adventuring our selves too farre, amongst the many dangers which were neere the shoar. The third day also we saw a little Island, but being unable to bear a∣ny saile,* 1.106 but onely to lye at Hull, we were by the storme carried away, and could not fetch it. February 6.* 1.107 we saw five Islands, one of them towards the East, and foure towards the West of us, one bigger then another, at the biggest of which we cast an∣chor, and the next day watred and wooded.

After we had gone hence on February 8.* 1.108 we descried two Ca∣nowes, who having descried us as it seemes before, came wil∣lingly unto us, and talked with us, alluring and conducting us to their Towne not far off, named Barativa, it stands in 7. deg. 13. min. South the line.

The People are Gentiles of handsome body, and comely sta∣ture, of civill demeanour, very just in dealing, and courteous to strangers, of all which we had evident proofe, they shewing themselves most glad of our comming and cheerfully ready to relieve our wants, with whatsoever their Country could afford. The men goe all naked save their heads and secret parts, every one having one thing or other hanging at his eares. Their wo∣men are covered from the middle to the foot wearing upon their naked arms Bracelets, and that in no small number, some having ••i••e at least upon each arme, made for the most part of horne or brasse, whereof the lightest (by our estimation) would weigh two ounces▪

With this People linnen cloth (wherof they make roles for their heads and girdles to weare about their loynes) is the best Merchandise and of greatest estimation. They are also much de∣lighted with Margaretas (which in their language they call Sa∣leta) and such other like trifles.

Their Island is both rich and fruitfull, rich in Gold, Silver, Copper, Tin, Sulpher, &c. neither are they onely expert to try those mettals, but very skilfull also in working of them artifi∣cially, into divers Forms and Shapes, as pleaseth them best. Their fruits are divers likewise and plentifull, as Nutmegs, Ginger, long-Pepper, Limons, Cucumbers, Cocoes, Figoes, Sa∣gu, with divers other sorts, whereof we had one in reasonable quantity, in bignesse forme and huske, much like a bay-berry, hard in substance, but pleasant in tast, which being sod becom∣eth soft, and is a most profitable and nourishing meat; of each of these we received of them, whatsoever we desired for our need; insomuch, that such was Gods gracious goodnesse to us) the old Proverbe was verified with us, After a storme commeth a calme, after warre peace, after scarcity followeth plenty; so that in all our Voyage (Terenate onely excepted) from our departure out of our owne Country hitherto, we found not any where greater comfort and refreshing, then we did it this time in this place, in refreshing and furnishing our selves; here we spent two dayes, and departed hence February 10.* 1.109

When we were come into the height of 8. deg. 4. min. Feb. 12.* 1.110 in the morning we espied a green Island to the Southward; not long after, two other Islands on the same side, and a great one more towards the North; they seemed all to be well inha∣bited, but we had neither need nor desire to goe to visit them, and so we past by them.* 1.111 The 14. day we saw some other reaso∣nable big Islands, and February 16.* 1.112 we past betweene foure or five big Islands more which lay in the height 9. deg. 40. min.

The 18. we cast anchor under a little Island, whence we depar∣ted againe the day following; we wooded here,* 1.113 but other relief except two Turtles we received none.

The 22. day we lost sight of three Islands on our Starboard side which lay in ten deg. and some odde minutes.* 1.114

After this, we past on to the Westward without stay or any thing to be taken notice of,* 1.115 till the ninth of March when in the morning we espyed land, some part therof very high in 8. d. 20. m. South latitude; here we anchored that night, & the next day weighed againe,* 1.116 and bearing farther North, and neerer the shoar we came to anchor the second time.

The eleventh of March we first tooke in water, and after sent our Boat againe to shoare, where we had Traffique with the people of the Country;* 1.117 whereupon the same day, we brought our Ship more neere the Towne; and having setled our selves there that night, the next day our General sent his man a shoar, to preset the King with certain Cloth both Linnen and Wool∣len, besides some Silkes, which he gladly and thankfully recei∣ved, and rerurned Rice, Cocoes, Hennes, and other Victuals in way of recompence. This Island we found to be the Island Java the middle whereof stands in 7. deg. and 30. min. beyond the Equator.

* 1.118The 13, of March our General himself with many of his gen∣tlemen, and others went to shoare, and presented the King (of whom he was joyfully and lovingly received) with his musicke, and shewed him the manner of our use of Arms, by training his men with their Pikes and other weapons, which they had before him, for the present we were entertained as we desired, and at last dismissed with a promise of more Victuals to be shortly sent us.

In this Island there is one chiefe, but many under-governors or petty kings, whom they call Raias, who live in great familia∣rity and friendship one with another. The 14. day we received Victuals from two of them,* 1.119 and the day after that, to wit, the 15 three of these Kings in their owne Persons came aboard to see our Generall, and to view our ship and warlike munition. They were well pleased with what they saw, and with the entertain∣ment which we gave them. And after these had been with us,

and on their returne had as it seemes related what they found,* 1.120 Raia Donan the chief King of the whole land bringing Victuals with him for our relief; he also the next day after came aboard us. Few were the dayes that one or more of these kings did misse to visit us, insomuch, that we grew acquainted with the names of many of them, as of Raia Pataira, Raia Cabocapalla, Raia Mangbango, Raia Bocabarra, Raia Timbanton; whom our Ge∣nerall alwayes entertained with the best cheere that we could make, and shewed them all the commodities of our Ship, with our Ordnance and other Arms and Weapons, and the severall furnitures belonging to each, and the uses for which they ser∣ved. His musick also and all things else whereby he might doe them pleasure, wherin they tooke exceeding great delight with admiration.

One day amongst the rest, viz. March 21.* 1.121 Raia Donan com∣ming aboard us, in requitall of our musicke which was made to him, presented our Generall with his Country musicke, which though it were of a very strange kind, yet the sound was plea∣sant and delightfull: the same day he caused an Oxe also to be brought to the waters side, and delivered to us, for which he was to his content rewarded by our Generall, with divers sorts of very costly Silkes which he held in great esteeme.

Though our often giving entertainment in this manner, did hinder us much in the speedy dispatching of our businesses, and made us spend the more dayes about them, yet here we found all such convenient helpes, that to our contents we at last ended them; the matter of great Importance which we did (besides Victualling) was the new trimming and washing of our Ship, which by reason of our long Voyage was so overgrowne with a kind of a shell-fish sticking fast unto her, that it hindred excee∣dingly, and was a great trouble to her sayling.

The People (as are their Kings) are a loving, a very true and just dealing People. We traffiqued with them for Hens, Goats, Cocoes, Plantons, and other kind of Victuals, which they offered us in such plenty that we might have laden our Ship if we had needed.

* 1.122We tooke our leaves and departed from them the 26. of March,* 1.123 and set our course West South West, directly towards the cape of good hope, or Bon Esperance, and continued without touch of ought, but aire and water, till the 21. of May,* 1.124 when we espied land (to wit a part of the maine Africa) in some places very high under the latitude of 31. deg. and halfe.

We coasted along till June 15.* 1.125 on which day, having very faire weather, and the Wind at Southeast, we past the Cape it selfe so neere in sight, that we had beene able with our pieces to have shot to land.

July 15.* 1.126 we fell with the land againe about Rio de sesto, where we saw many Negroes in their Boats a fishing, wherof two came very neer us, but we cared not to stay, nor had any talke or dea∣ling with them.

* 1.127The 22. of the same moneth, we came to Sierra Leona, and spent two dayes for watering in the mouth of Tagoine, and then put to Sea again;* 1.128 here also we had Oisters, and plenty of Lem∣mons, which gave us good refreshing.

We found our selves under the Tropick of Cancer August 15.* 1.129 having the winde at Northeast, and we 50 leagues off from the neerest land.

The 22. day we were in the height of the Canaries.

* 1.130And the 26 of Sept. (which was munday in the just and ordi∣nary reckoning of those that had stayed at home in one place or Country, but in our cōputation was the Lords day or Sunday) we safely with joyfull minds and thankful hearts to God, arived at Plimoth, the place of our first setting forth after we had spent 2. yeeres 10 moneths and some few odde dayes beside, in seeing the wonders of the Lord in the deep, in discovering so many ad∣mirable things, in going through with so many strange adven∣tures, in escaping out of so many dangers, and overcoming so many difficulties in this our encompassing of this nether Globe, and passing round about the World, which we have related.

Soli rerum maximarum Effectori, Soli totius munai Gubernatori, Soli suorum Conservatori, Soli Deo sit semper Gloria.

FINIS.

Notes

• * 1.1

  15••••
• * 1.2

  Nov. 15.
• * 1.3

  Nov. 16.
• * 1.4

  Nov. 17▪ 18.
• * 1.5

  Nov. 2••.
• * 1.6

  Dece. 13. 1577▪
• * 1.7

  Dece. 25.
• * 1.8

  Dece••b.
• * 1.9

  Dec. 31.
• * 1.10

  Ian. 7.
• * 1.11

  Ian. 13.
• * 1.12

  Ian. 15.
• * 1.13

  Ian. 16.
• * 1.14

  Ian▪ 22.
• * 1.15

  Ian. 28.
• * 1.16

  Ian. 29.
• * 1.17

  Ian. 30.
• * 1.18

  Ian. 31.
• * 1.19

  Feb. 1.
• * 1.20

  Feb. 2.
• * 1.21

  Feb. 17. 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
• * 1.22

  Apr. 5.
• * 1.23

  1577.
• * 1.24

  1578.
• * 1.25

  April 5.
• * 1.26

  April 7.
• * 1.27

  April 14
• * 1.28

  Apr. 16.
• * 1.29

  April 1••
• * 1.30

  April 2••
• * 1.31

  April 27.
• * 1.32

  April 27.
• * 1.33

  May 13.
• * 1.34

  May 14
• * 1.35

  May 15.
• * 1.36

  May 17.
• * 1.37

  May 18.
• * 1.38

  Iune 3.
• * 1.39

  Iune 12.
• * 1.40

  Iune 14. Iune 17.
• * 1.41

  Iune 18▪
• * 1.42

  Iune 19.
• * 1.43

  Iune 20.
• * 1.44

  June 22
• * 1.45

  Sept. 6.
• * 1.46

  Sept. 7.
• * 1.47

  Sept. 8
• * 1.48

  Sept. 30.
• * 1.49

  〈…〉〈…〉.
• * 1.50

  Octob. 8.
• * 1.51

  Octo 28▪
• * 1.52

  Octo. 30.
• * 1.53

  Nove. 1.
• * 1.54

  Nov. 25
• * 1.55

  Sept. 30.
• * 1.56

  Octob. 7
• * 1.57

  Nov. 30
• * 1.58

  Dece. 4.
• * 1.59

  Dece. 5.
• * 1.60

  Dece. 19.
• * 1.61

  Dece. 20.
• * 1.62

  Ian. 19,
• * 1.63

  Ian▪ 22.
• * 1.64

  Ian. 26.
• * 1.65

  Feb▪ ••.
• * 1.66

  Feb. 9.
• * 1.67

  Feb. 15.
• * 1.68

  Feb. 16.
• * 1.69

  Feb. 20.
• * 1.70

  Febr. 24.
• * 1.71

  Feb 28. March 1.
• * 1.72

  1579.
• * 1.73

  March 7.
• * 1.74

  Marc. 16.
• * 1.75

  Marc. 24.
• * 1.76

  April 15
• * 1.77

  Apr. 16.
• * 1.78

  Iune ••▪
• * 1.79

  Iune 17.
• * 1.80

  Iune 18.
• * 1.81

  I••••••. 21.
• * 1.82

  1578.
• * 1.83

  Iune 26.
• * 1.84

  Iuly 24.
• * 1.85

  Iuly 25.
• * 1.86

  Sept. 30.
• * 1.87

  October 3
• * 1.88

  Octob. 16.
• * 1.89

  Octob. 21▪
• * 1.90

  Octob. 22.
• * 1.91

  Octob. 25.
• * 1.92

  Octob. 30.
• * 1.93

  Novem. 1
• * 1.94

  Novem. 3
• * 1.95

  Nov. 9.
• * 1.96

  Nov. 14.
• * 1.97

  Dec. 12.
• * 1.98

  Dec. 16.
• * 1.99

  Jan. 9.
• * 1.100

  Jan. 10
• * 1.101

  Jan. 12.
• * 1.102

  Jan. 14.
• * 1.103

  Jan. 20.
• * 1.104

  Jan. 26.
• * 1.105

  Feb. 1.
• * 1.106

  〈…〉〈…〉.
• * 1.107

  Feb. 6.
• * 1.108

  Feb. 8.
• * 1.109

  Feb. 10.
• * 1.110

  Feb. 12.
• * 1.111

  Feb. 14.
• * 1.112

  Feb. 16.
• * 1.113

  Feb. 18▪19
• * 1.114

  Feb. 22.
• * 1.115

  Mar. 9.
• * 1.116

  Mar. 10.
• * 1.117

  Mar. 11. Mar. 12.
• * 1.118

  Mar. 13.
• * 1.119

  Mar. 14. Mar. 15.
• * 1.120

  1579.
• * 1.121

  Mar. 21.
• * 1.122

  1580.
• * 1.123

  Mar. 26.
• * 1.124

  May 21.
• * 1.125

  June 15.
• * 1.126

  July 15.
• * 1.127

  July 22.
• * 1.128

  July 24.
• * 1.129

  Aug. 15. Aug. 16.
• * 1.130

  Sep. 26.