The church-history of Brittany from the beginning of Christianity to the Norman conquest under Roman governours, Brittish kings, the English-Saxon heptarchy, the English-Saxon (and Danish) monarchy ... : from all which is evidently demonstrated that the present Roman Catholick religion hath from the beginning, without interruption or change been professed in this our island, &c. / by R.F., S. Cressy of the Holy Order of S. Benedict.

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Title
The church-history of Brittany from the beginning of Christianity to the Norman conquest under Roman governours, Brittish kings, the English-Saxon heptarchy, the English-Saxon (and Danish) monarchy ... : from all which is evidently demonstrated that the present Roman Catholick religion hath from the beginning, without interruption or change been professed in this our island, &c. / by R.F., S. Cressy of the Holy Order of S. Benedict.
Author
Cressy, Serenus, 1605-1674.
Publication
[Rouen :: For the author],
1668.
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Subject terms
Great Britain -- Church history -- 449-1066.
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http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A34964.0001.001
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"The church-history of Brittany from the beginning of Christianity to the Norman conquest under Roman governours, Brittish kings, the English-Saxon heptarchy, the English-Saxon (and Danish) monarchy ... : from all which is evidently demonstrated that the present Roman Catholick religion hath from the beginning, without interruption or change been professed in this our island, &c. / by R.F., S. Cressy of the Holy Order of S. Benedict." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A34964.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed May 19, 2025.

Pages

XV. CHAP.* 1.1

1. The Pious devotion of Ancient Chri∣stians to the Relicks of Holy Martyrs.

2.3. Confirmed by the Acts of S. Sebastian, &c.

4. The Manicheans contemners of such Relicks.

5.6.7. Temples built by Brittains to the honow of S. Albanus, &c.

8.9. Protestants wrongfully ascribe this Veneration of Relicks to S. Gregory.

10. S. Albanus venerated at Mentz by the name of S. Albinus. And why.

11 12 The Controversy about the Body of S. Albanus between the Monks of Ely and S. Albans, decided▪

13. S. Gregory Nazianzens testimony of the Veneration of Relicks.

1. BEfore we quitt this argument, we will shew with what piety and reverence the devout Christians in that and the following ages behaved themselves toward the ashes and sacred Relicks of our Holy Martyr. This we may collect from the practise of those times in other Pro∣vinces: For the persecuting Infidells knowing well with what solicitude Christians ga∣thered the bodies and members of dead Martyrs, and with what devotion they venerated them, used all manner of des∣pight to them, and endeavoured either to hide or consume them with fire and cast the ashes before the wind.

2. Thus in the Acts of S. Sebastian,* 1.2 who suffred the same or next year to S. Albanus, we read, That they tooke the Body of Sebastian by night, and cast it into a common sink, saying, Least perhaps the Christians make him their Martyr. And again three years after we find in the Authentick Acts of S. Tharacus this passage,* 1.3 The President sayd to him, Doe not think thou shalt be dispatch'd at once: I will make an end of thee by peece meale, and the remainders of they carkeise shall be devoured by beasts. Tharacus answered him, what thou hast a mind to doe doe quickly: doe not delay mee by promises. The President said, Thou thinkest, villain, that after thy death silly women shall have thy body and embalme it with unguents and spices, &c. And afterward, The President said, Doest thou not think that I will thus destroy thee and thy relicks? least foolish women should enwrapp it in clean linnen, and honour it with unguents and odours. And concerning the Martyr Andronicus, The President said, Con∣sume him to ashes, and disperse them before the wind, least some of his impious Consorts, or

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foolish woemen should gather up any of them, and preserve them, as if they were some precious holy thing.

3. Now how acceptable to God this de∣vout reverence of Christians to the Relicks of Martyrs was, was often declared by the mi∣raculous ways which God shewed in disco∣vering the said holy Relicks, when they were either conceal'd, or their members mix'd and confounded with those of impious ma∣lefactours putt to death with them. Thus we read in the said Acts of S. Tharacus,* 1.4 S. Andro∣nicus and another Christian martyr'd with them, how when some devout Christians adven∣tured to search them out by night, three bright torches, like starrs, appeard over their bodies, and afterward went before them conducting them to the other side of the Mountain, where they secret∣ly buried them.

4. This practise was so generall among the Primitive Christians, that the Manicheans only were observed to be contemners of it, as if there were in it some Idolatrous Superstition But their folly and profanenesse is excellent∣ly confuted by S. Augustin,* 1.5 who distingui∣shes the Veneration due to Saints and their holy Relicks, which he calls Dulian, from the Supreme degree of adoration due only to God, which he terms Latrian.

5. Now that such reverence was express'd to the Body of S. Alban, is not to be doub∣ted. Which that it may appeare, a passage in our ancient Brittish Historian Gildas will suf∣ficiently confirm it. Who after he had treated of the Martyrdome of this Holy Martyr, as we declared before, consequently shews the great change in Brittany nine years after this tempest rais'd by Diocletian: His words are as followeth:

* 1.66. The space of two lustres (that is, ten years) after the foresaid storm being not entirely full∣filld, when the violence of those bloody Edicts against Christians abated, all the devout Soldiers of Christ with ioyfull eyes beheld and received the lightsomnesse and temper following so tedious a winters night: Then they began to restore Chur∣ches formerly demolishd, they founded new sacred Temples consecrated to the honour of Holy Mar∣tyrs, these they erect, accomplish and adorn, cele∣brating publick Festivities, and Sacrifices with pure hearts and mouthes, as manifest signs and tropheys after their victory.

7. This happy change hapned when the Tyrants Carausius and Allectus were vanqui∣shed and expell'd by Constantius, who in the year of Grace two hundred ninety two being created Caesar, received the govern∣ment and administration of Brittany. By which calculation of Gildas evidently ap∣pears, that S. Albanus suffred Martyrdom in the beginning of Diocletians raign, nine years before Constantius the second time go∣verned Brittany.

8▪ Likewise by this Testimony of Gildas is reproved the assertion of Protestant writers, who attribute to S. Gregory the Great the bring∣ing into Brittany the custome of dedicating Churches to the honour of Martyrs, in the time of the Saxons. Wheras besides this autho∣rity of Gildas, the said assertion is manifestly confuted by the story of S. Germanus of Au∣xerre, and S. Lupus of Troyes, French Bishops, who came into Brittany before the entrance of the Saxons, to root out thence the Pelagian Heresy▪ For thus we read in the Galliean Mar∣tyrologe, The Memory of S. Albanus shined glo∣riously in Brittany,* 1.7 to whose honour a famous Church was erected in the place whereby shed∣ding his blood he had triumphed. The which Church was by S. Germanus visited with great devotion, to the end he might there pay his thanks to God for his victory against the Pelagian Here∣ticks. There opening the holy Martyrs Sepulcher, to honour him he repos'd in it severall Relicks of Apostles, and Martyrs which he had brought out of France. And because he would not depart thence without the protection of the Holy Martyr, from the place where the Martyrs blood had been shed, he took a lump of earth, which at his return he caried to his own See. And from this action of S. Germanus the Veneration of S. Albanus the Brittain was spread through allmost all the Chur∣ches of France, being consign'd in all the Eccle∣siastical Tables of most Episcopall Churches there: particularly of Bourges, Sens, Orleans, Austun, S. Malo, Constantia, &c. The same story con∣cerning S. Germanus is related likewise by S. Beda.* 1.8

9. Hence may be argued the mistake in the supplement to the French Martyrologe, where it is sayd that Otho, the second Emperour of that name, translated to Colen the Body of S. Albanus which S. Germanus had brought out of Brittany into France. For certain is is that, not his body, but only a portion of earth dyed with the Holy Martyrs blood, was transferd by Saint Germanus, as S. Beda expressly affirms, and as the following Annalls of Brittany confirm, where we read how Off a King of the Mercians translated the sacred Body, and built over his Monument a most magnificent Church.

10. It is here to be observed that S. Albanus is venerated at Ments in Germany under the name of S. Albinus. The occasion wherof was this:* 1.9 Theophania wife to the Emperour Otho the second having obtained at Rome a portion of the Relicks of S. Albanus, caried them with her into Germany, intending to place them at Colen in the Monastery of S. Pantaleon. In her way she pas∣sed through Mentz, in which Citty was celebrated with great devotion the Memory of another S. Al∣banus, a Martyr also. Hereupon Wiltegecus Bishop of Mentz, deeply apprehending least the Memory of our Brittish Albanus should obscure the glory of their Speciall Patron Albanus, by reason of agreement in name, together with the Imperiall Authority, which probably would promote his ve∣neration, made it his most humble and earnest suit unto the Empresse that our Brittish Saint should afterward in those countreys be call'd Albinus, for distinctions sake: which humble request by

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the assistance of the Nobility about her and her Counsell, he at last obtained. Thus Her∣mannus Cromback relates the matter out of an ancient Manuscript belonging to the Monastery of S. Pantaleon in Colen: who adds, that this Translation befell in the year of Grace nine hundred eighty four.

11. To conclude this subject, and to demonstrate with what devotion our whole nation hath always celebrated the memory of this our first Brittish Martyr, shall be here annex'd out of Thomas Walsingham a breif narration how the Controversy was ended betwen the two Monasteries of S. Alban and Ely, both which earnestly and confidently pretended that S. Alba∣nus his body repos'd among them.

* 1.1012. For King Edward the second celebra∣ting Easter in the Monastery of Ely employed his authority to procure that the Tomb, in which the Monks affirm'd that the Body of S. Albanus lay among them, should be ope∣ned. Which at last, though with great relu∣ctance of the Monks, being perform'd, there was nothing at all found in it but only a course hairy garment, in the upper part where∣of was seen sprinckled in severall places thick congeald blood, as fresh as if it had been shed a few dayes before: which garment was without all question the Caracalla which S. Albanus received from his Master Saint Am∣phibalus, and wherin he suffred Martyrdom. And by this discovery the Monks of S. Al∣ban to their great ioy, gained their cause.

13. Neither let any one wonder that the same Veneration should be pay'd to a Mar∣tyrs Vestment sprinkled with his blood, which would be given to his whole body: for by many miracles God hath testified that this is acceptable to him. A more authentick witnes hereof cannot be required then the Holy and learned Fa∣ther S. Gregory Nazianzen,* 1.11 whose words are these, A little portion of dust, a par∣ticle of bones, a little haire, part of the Vest∣ment, or the marks of the blood of a Martyr sprinckled ought to have as much veneration as the whole body. Nay I have known where onely the name of a Martyr attributed to a place, has produced the same vertue that the Martyrs whole body would have done. O wonderfull! the memory alone of Martyrs is sufficient, in my opinion, to conferr health.

Notes

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