The church-history of Brittany from the beginning of Christianity to the Norman conquest under Roman governours, Brittish kings, the English-Saxon heptarchy, the English-Saxon (and Danish) monarchy ... : from all which is evidently demonstrated that the present Roman Catholick religion hath from the beginning, without interruption or change been professed in this our island, &c. / by R.F., S. Cressy of the Holy Order of S. Benedict.

* 1.1X. CHAP.

1.2. A Monument of King Marius his victory over the Picts. The mistake of Malmsburiensis, &c. touching King Marius.

3. Berwick, whence call'd.

* 1.21. KIng Marius having slain Roderick King of the Picts, or Northern Brit∣tains, erected a stone, or Pillar, as a Mark of his Triumph, in the Province which was afterward called by his name Westmaria, or Westmerland The Title inscrib'd in which Pillar, saith Gef∣frey of Monmouth, continued the memory of that victory to the present day.* 1.3 Yea, saith B. V••her, before the Brittish History was by Gef∣frey translated out of the Brittish into the Latin tongue, a much graver Authour, Wil∣liam of Malmsbury in the Prologue of his third Book touching the Gests of Brittish Bishops, makes mention of the same in this manner;* 1.4 In the Citty Lugubalia, common∣ly call'd Carlile, there is a room or parlour built of stone, and vaulted over, so firm that neither any iniury of weather, nor fire purposely kindled with wood, could destroy or weaken it. The Pro∣vince is call'd Cumberland, and the Inhabitants Cumbrians. In the front of the sayd Parlour this Inscription may be read, To the Victory of Marius. Though Mr. Camden affirms that in some Copies it is, To Mars the Conque∣rour.

2. But it is a great mistake of the same Authour, applying the foresayd Victory of Marius, to the Roman Consul Marius, as if these Cumbrians were the Cimbrians driven out of Italy by Marius,* 1.5 and in their flight resting in that Province. It seems he had not read the ancient Brittish History translated by Geffrey of Monmouth;* 1.6 which expresly at∣tributes it to the Brittish King Marius, as saith Ranulphus Cestrensis in his Polychroni∣con.

3. When Roderick King of the Picts was slain,* 1.7 his souldiers, being onely nine hun¦dred which remain'd alive, chose another for their Captain, called Berench, from whom the Town of Berwick receiv'd its name, saith Iohn Rosse of Warwick. But o∣thers more probably refuse this Etymology,* 1.8 affirming truly that the Countrey and peo∣ple call'd Ottadin••, where Berwick is sea∣ted, were at this time under the Romans Dominion. Besides the word Berwick sig∣nifies a Village which is an Appendix to some other place of note,* 1.9 whence Ingulphus calls that Town only a Mannour or Farm:

Notes

• * 1.1

  X. CHAP.
• * 1.2

  G. 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
• * 1.3

  Vsser. Pri∣mord. Brit. f. 581.
• * 1.4

  Malmsb in Prolog. l. 3. Pontific.
• * 1.5

  A. D. 82.
• * 1.6

  Polychron lib. 4. cap. 9.
• * 1.7

  I••. Rossus VV••rvvic. ap. Vsser. f. 581.
• * 1.8

  Cambden in Ostadin.
• * 1.9

  Ingulph. Hi∣stor.