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THE EIGHTH TABLE.
Fig. 33.
THE Muscles of the Face as they Appear after the Skin, Fat, Membranes, and Musculi Quadrati Genarum are taken off.
A A, The Musculi Frontales.
B, The Orbiculares Palpebrarum.
C, The Musculus Dilatator Aloe Nasi.
D, The Elevator Labiorum Communis.
E E, The Elevator Labii Superioris Pro∣prius.
F F, The Sphincter Labiorum.
G G, The Zygomatici seu Distortores Oris.
H H, The Depressor Labiorum Communis.
I, The Depressor Labii Inferioris Proprius.
K, The Buccinator.
L, The Temporalis.
M, The Elevator Auriculae.
N, The Masseter.
a, Part of the Os Iugale.
b, The Cartilage of the Auricula free'd from the Skin.
c c, The Parotide Gland.
d, The Ductus Salivalis Superior of the Parotide Gland, as it Descends over the Masseter thro' the Buccinator into the Mouth.
e e, A Branch of the Carotide Artery which passes thro' the Inferior Maxillary Gland.
f, Part of the Lower Jaw Bone made Bare.
g, Part of the Inferior Maxillary Gland.
O, Part of the Musculus Biventer in Situ.
P, The Mastoideus.
Q, Part of the Cucularis.
R, Part of the Elevator Scapulae.
S S, Parts of the Musculi Sternohyoidei.
T T, Parts of the Coracohyoidei.
Fig. 34.
The Left Eye with its Muscles free'd from the Orbit and Dry'd.
A. The Bulb of the Eye Fill'd with Wax.
a a, The Optick Nerve in like manner Distended with Wax.
B, A Portion of the Superior and External Margin of the Bone of the Orbit next the Nose.
b..., A small Cartilage call'd the Trochlea, in which the Long Tendon of the Superior Oblique Muscle (D) passes to its Insertion.
C, A Portion of the Inferior and External Margin of the Orbit, where the Musculus Obliquus Inferior (I) takes its Origin.
D, The Obliquus Superior as it Arises from the Inferior Part of the Orbit, and passes thro' the Trochlea b... to its Insertion on the Back-part of the Bulb of the Eye. This Contortion of the Tendon of this Muscle renders it capa∣ble of drawing the whole Bulb of the Eye Outwards, and turning its Papilla Downwards.
E, The Musculus Atollens.
F, The Abducens.
G, The Deprimens.
H, The Adducens.
I, The Obliquus Inferior, whose Origin from the External Margin of the Inferior Part of the Orbit, renders it capable of performing the same Action in Opposition to the Tro∣chlearis or Obliquus Superior, i. e. of drawing the Posterior and Lateral Part of the Bulb of the Eye towards its Origin, whereby the whole Eye is drawn Outwards, and its Pupilla turn'd Upwards; else the Projection of the Eyebrows would hinder our looking Upwards, unless the Head at the same Time was drawn very much Back.
Besides these Proper Offices of the Two Oblique Muscles of the Eyes, they have conjunctly a very usefull common Office in holding the Bulb of the Eye as it were on an Axis, they prevent its being drawn Inwards, when any of the Streight Muscles Act; by which means, each performs its proper Of∣fice in turning the Eye either Upwards, Downwards or Side∣ways; which is no Inconsiderable Artifice in Nature.
Fig. 35.
Represents the Inferior Part of the Skull with its Basis uppermost; the Left Side of the Lower Jaw together with the First Vertebra of the Neck and its Muscles Arising from it, remaining to the Occiput.
A, The Left Side of the Lower Jaw.
B, The Musculus Pterygoideus Internus, in Situ.
C, The Foramen of the Fourth Bone of the Upper Jaw, by which a Large Branch of the Fifth Pair of Nerves passes to the Muscles of the Face, and a Branch of the Carotide Ar∣tery to the Inner Cavities of these Bones, as you see them Exprest in the preceding Figure.
D, The Musculus Depressor Labii Superioris Proprius & Con∣strictor Aloe Nasi, here cut from its Insertion to the Upper Lip, and left at its Origin from the Gums of the Upper Jaw.
d, Part of the Elevator Labii Inferoris Proprius left to its Origin from the Lower Jaw.
e, That Part of the Inferior Margin of the Orbit, where the Inferior Oblique Muscle of the Eye Springs, Exprest in the preceding Figure at C.
E, The Os Iugale.
f f, The Styloidal Process's of which that of the Right Side is broken off, which frequently happens by means of the Rope after the Common Execution of Malefactors.
G G, The Mammiform Process's.
H, The First Vertebra of the Neck remaining on the Oc∣ciput.
g g, Two Process's of the First Vertebra of the Neck, which are Articulated with the like Process's of the Second.
h, The Extremity of the Transverse Process of the First Vertebra.
i, The Musculus Annuens or Rectus Minor Anticus, Exprest somewhat Foreshorten'd in Appen. Fig. 8.
k, The Rectus Lateralis or Abnuens Lateralis.
l, The Obliquus Superior Capitis.
m, The Musculus Rectus Minor Posticus.
I, The Auricula or Outward Ear.
n, The Lobe of the Ear cut off.
o, That Part of the Superior Orbit where the Trochlea is Fasten'd.
K K. The Os Occipitis.
L, The Os Squamosum.
M, The Os Frontis.
N, Part of the Os Sphenoides.