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THE TWENTY-FOURTH TABLE.
Fig. 1.
THE Fore-parts of all the Viscera within the Ca∣vity of the Thorax, when taken out together.
A, The Heart cover'd with the Pericardium, and hanging to the Lungs by its Membranes and Vessels.
B B, The Descending Trunk of the Vena Ca∣va, on the Right Side, and the Aorta on the Left.
b b b, The Ascending Branches of the Arteria Magna, which make the Two Carotides and Right Subclavian Branch.
C, Part of the Mediastinum cut from the Sternum.
D D, The Right and Left Anterior Lobes of the Lungs.
E E, The Two Posterior Lobes of the Lungs.
F, Part of the Wind-Pipe.
G G, Portions of the Nerves call'd Par Vagum.
H, Part of the Gala.
In freeing the Lungs from the Cavity of the Thorax, we frequently find their Outward Membrane cleaving to the Pleura, nor has any known Inconveniencies attended such Persons when Living. The ma∣ny Phoenomena which have occurr'd to our Observation in Dissecting Morbid Bodies, in whom these Parts have been Diseas'd, are too Nu∣merous to be inserted in this Place; wherefore I shall only mention what I have more than once taken Notice of in examining these Parts, when they have not been Diseas'd (viz.) by Blowing into the Blood-Vessels, (i. e.) the Vena Arteriosa and Arteria Venosa those Vessels de∣riv'd from the Pleura, as well as those by Ruysch call'd Arteriae Broncha∣les, (Corresponding to which I have frequently observ'd Veins which empty themselves into the Subclavian Branches;) all which I have found to Communicate with each other upon Distension; by which we may be inform'd the Blood do's not enjoy such particular Vessels in its Circulation thro' these Parts, as some have conceiv'd; but that Part of the Blood which Arises from the Right Auricle of the Heart, may pass into the Bronchial Veins, as well as into the Arteria Venosa; and on the other Hand, the Blood Springing from the Bronchial Arteries, may partly pass into the Left Auricle of the Heart by the Arteria Ve∣nosa, as well as by its Corresponding Bronchial Veins before men∣tioned.
Fig. 2.
Part of One of the Lobes of the Lungs cut off, and a Division made according to its Length, so that a Branching of the Blood-Ves∣sels and Bronchus do appear.
A A, A Branch of the Pulmonick Vein, or Arteria Venosa, lying on that of the Bronchus.
B, A Branch of the Bronchus.
C, The Pulmonick Artery, or Vena Arteriosa, cut Transversely, lying on the other Side of the Bronchia.
Fig. 3.
Another Lobe of the Lungs Dissected as in the preceding Figure.
A A B B, The Ramifications of the Pulmonick Artery Accompanying those of the Bronchia: See Tab. 25. Fig. 10.
C, The External Membrane of the Lungs Rais'd and Pinn'd out to shew its Blood-Vessels: These Vessels partly Arise from the Pul∣monick Vessels last mention'd, and partly from the Arteriae and Ve∣nae Bronchiales, as appears from what has been above Noted; and do frequently Germinate and Inosculate with the Intercostal Veins and Arteries of the Pleura: The Germination and Inosculations of these Vessels I have had frequent Opportunities of observing to be in several little Parcels or Fasciculi, and of an Inch or Two in Length between the Lungs and Pleura: They very often appear in Filaments more or less Divided, and I am apt to think are frequently the Beginnings of those Adhesions of the Lungs with the Pleura.
Fig. 4.
A A, The Bronchia or Branch of the Trachea made bare.
B B, Part of the Lungs.
Fig. 5.
The Fore-part of the Larynx, and Part of the Wind-Pipe, together with the Common Muscles of the Larynx, &c.
A B, The Musculus Sternothyroideus, not well Exprest; it being here as it were continuous with the Hyothyroideus C E.
D, The Os Hyoides, or Bone of the Tongue reclin'd Laterally.
F, The Upper and Fore-part of the Epiglottis in Situ.
G, The Fore-part of the Scutiformal Cartilage.
H H, The Musculi Cricothyroidei; on the Left Side One of them hanging down at its Beginning; the other remaining in Situ. These Muscles Spring from the Fore-part of the Annular Cartilage, and are soon Inserted to the Internal, and Lower Part of the Scutiformal Car∣tilage.
I, O, The Fore-part of the Cartilago Annularis, made bare.
Fig. 6.
The Back-part of the Larynx, and its Muscles plac'd on it; Exprest very Confusedly; which, together with the former Figure, is Erro∣neously describ'd by Bidloo.
F F G K L M P Q, Should Express the Back-part of the Cartilago Annularis cover'd with the Musculi Cricoarytenoidei Postici, as it's Represented in our Appendix.
N N, The Musculus Arytenoideus.
O, The Internal and Concave Part of the Epiglottis, as it appears when Pinn'd up.
R, The Posterior Edge of the Scutiformal Cartilage of the Right Side.
S, The Membranous Part of the Wind-Pipe next the Gula.
Fig. 7.
The Os Hyoides, or Bone of the Tongue, together with the Fore-part of the the Cartilages which compose the Larynx, and Part of the Aspera Arteria.
A, The External and Convex Part of the Cartilago Scutiformis.
B, The Internal and Concave Part of the Os Hyoides; which Part of it necessarily comes in View in this Position.
C, The Annular Cartilage.
D, The Epiglottis, Exprest with the Internal Concave Part Fore∣wards, as is truly Exhibited in the following Figure; which on the contrary, should have been here Represented with its External and Convext Part, as in Fig. 5. F.
E, Part of the Aspera Arteria, or Wind-Pipe.
F F, The Glandulae Thyroideae: From what I have hitherto observ'd, these Glands seem to be of the same Office with the Thymus: Nor do's their Colour or Compactness distinguish them from the Thymus; if we consider, that by their Situation on the Wind-Pipe, they are perpe∣tually in Motion, by which the Motion of the Blood is very much hasten'd thro' them, and the Blood-Vessels consequently Enlarg'd, whence their Colour and Compactness do's Arise.
G G, Two long Processes of the Thyroide Cartilage, or Scutiformis ty'd to the Extremities of the Os Hyoides.
Fig. 8.
The Os Hyoides and Back part of the Lar••yx.
A, The External Convext Part of the Os Hyoides. This Bone of the Tongue appears in this preceding Figure, to be compos'd of Three Bones; the Middle-Bone A, is joyn'd to One of the Extremities of the Two Side-Bones, by a Cartilaginous Interposition call'd Sychondrosis; the Two other Extremities of these Side-Bones are ty'd to the Extremities of the Two long Processes of the Thyroide Cartilage G G, Fig. 7. by a Ligament; which Connexion is call'd Syndesinusis.
B, The Internal Concave-part of the Epiglottis next the Glottis.
C C, The Arytenoidal Cartilages cover'd with the Glottis, or Inter∣nal Membrane of the Oesophagus.
D, The Cricoidal Cartilage cover'd with the Internal Membrane of the Oesophagus which composes the Glottis.
E E, The Two Sides, or Back-part of the Thyroidal Cartilage, whence the Musculus Oesophageus do's Arise; which Muscle in a Semi-circular Manner Invests the Back-part of the Oesophagus.
F F, The Back-parts of the Thyroidal Glands.
G, The Posterior-part of the Wind-Pipe where it is Membranous, and receives the Fore-part of the Gula in its way to the Stomach.
Having View'd the Fore and Back-parts of the whole Larynx, we come in the next place to Examine those Cartilages which Compose it, when Separated from each other.
1, The External Convext-part of the Thyroidal Cartilage.
2, The Internal Concave-part of the same Cartilage: In these Two Figures, the Two Kinds of Processes of the Thyroidal Cartilage are Re∣markable; the Two Superior or long Processes are joynd with the Ex∣tremities of the Os Hyoides G G, Fig. 7. the Two Inferior are fastned to the Cricoidal Cartilage Laterally.
3, 4, The Cricoidal Cartilage; 3, the Fore-part; 4, the Back-part of this Cartilage: That Figure of the Right Hand (towards the Figure of the Lungs and Heart) Expresses the External, Inferior, and Back-part of the Annular Cartilage; That of the Left Hand, Represents the Inferior, Internal, and Fore-part of the Annular Cartilage.
5, 6, 5, 6, Two different Views of the Arytenoidal Cartilages, which are Articulated to the Superior Part of the Cricoidal Cartilage.