Fig. 4.
Represents divers Muscles of the Face after the Quadratus Genae is taken off.
A, This formal Appearance of circular Fibres about the Alae Nasi, I suspect to be fictitious, having never observ'd such a Disposition in any Subject, tho' I have purposely examined this Part; yet the like Figure of them may be seen in Placentinus.
B, A Muscle, whose Position renders it capable of pulling up the Ala Nasi; whence it is called Elevator Alae Nasi; and by Casserius, Pyramidalis, from its Figure; nor do we com∣monly find this Muscle in Dissection; the fleshy Fibres on this Part, frequently taking the same Course with those of the Orbicularis Palpebrarum, do pass by the Ala Nasi.
C, The Musculus Elevator Labii superioris proprius.
DD, The Orbicularis Palpebrarum; This is a thin fleshy Muscle, circularly environing the Eyelids, to which it is inserted, not unlike the Sphincter Muscles of other Parts, as of the Lips, and the Bladder of Urin: It acts in drawing the Eyelids nearer each other; which we call shutting the Eyelids; but if this Muscle Acts vigorously, it not only draws the Eyelids close together, but forces the Bulb of the Eye into the Orbit. Galen and the ancient Anatomists not discovering the Musculus Ape∣riens Palpebrarum Rectus, (since found out by Fallopius,) were at a loss for assigning a proper Instrument to draw up the Upper Eyelid; wherefore they erroneously divided this Or∣bicular Muscle into Two: The like error has been incident to some later Writers, among which Bidloo falls into the same Mistake.
E, The Zygomaticus or Distortor Oris.
F, A Branch of an Artery, which arises from the Carotid in the Neck, and passing through the Inferior Maxillary Gland, runs over the Lower Jawbone, at the Insertion of the Masseter Muscle, as it is here exprest.
I have frequently met with Tumors on this Part, which have required Incision; in which Case the dividing of this Artery ought to be regarded; wherefore I have rather cho∣sen first to make Two Perforations, one on each Side this Ar∣tery, whether by Caustick or otherwise, and then pass a Liga∣ture to comprehend the Artery for some Days; and tho' I cannot advise the Practice of letting the Ligature divide the whole, by frequently straightening it; yet in Three or Four Days time the Ligature will so compress the Artery, that you may cut through free from any dangerous Flux of Blood.
G, The Os Iugale.
H, The Lower Jawbone made bare by the removing of the Skin, and Musculus Quadratus Colli.
I, Part of the Carotid Artery.
K M N, The Temporal Muscle; K N its Outside; M its Inside next the Cranium turned down.
L, Part of the Parotid Gland, the greater Part of which Gland being cut away, to exhibit the following Muscle.
O, The Musculus Masseter in situ: The Origination, Progress, and Insertion of this, and the Temporal Muscle, are suffi∣ciently exprest in this, and the following Figure.