The life of Lewis of Bourbon, late prince of Conde digested into annals, with many curious remarks on the transactions of Europe for these last sixty years / done out of French.

MEMOIRS OF THE Prince of Conde. BOOK VI. (Book 6)

THE King came back to Paris on the 29th. of October. * 1.1A vast concourse of People went out to meet His Majesty,* 1.2 and when he entred in the Evening into his Metropolis, all the People gave marks of an Extraordinary Joy.

The next day the King caus'd a General Par∣don to be read in the Gallery of the Louvre, where the Parliament had been Conven'd by the King's Writ, after which, the said Declaration was re∣corded. In the next place, His Majesty order'd the Duke of Orleance to retire to Limours,* 1.3 and Ma∣demoiselle de Montpensier to Bois le Vicomte. The Duke of Beaufort, the Duke of Rohan, the Duke de la Rochefoucault, and all the Prince of Conde••s, and the Dutchess of Longueville's Servants, and all the near Relations of those who were in the Prince's

Service, were also order'd to quit Paris, and to re∣tire elsewhere.

The Prince of Conde,* 1.4 who did not think himself safe by the General Pardon, was gone towards the Frontiers of Picardy, there to receive some Spanish and Lorrain Forces, in order to joyn his Army. After he had receiv'd this Reinforcement, the re∣mainder of the Spanish Forces, and of those of Lorrain, divided themselves to March on both sides of him, in order to joyn and succour him in case of Necessity. After which the Prince march'd towards Rhe••••l•• with a design to make himself Master of it. He pr••sented himself before it on the Thirtieth, and took it the same day without any Resistance. He left the Marquess of Persan there with some Infantry, and little Horse; and then he march'd directly to St. Menehoult, with the Forces of Vir∣temberg, with half those of Fuensaldagne, and with Three Thousand Horse of the Duke of Lorrain's, Commanded by the Prince de Ligne. He attack'd St. Menehoult on the first of November, and took it after fourteen days Siege: The Sixteenth of the said Month he receiv'd Notice that Marshal de Tu∣renne had receiv'd a Reinforcement of 3000 Men, and that he was at Vitry le Bruslé with near 15000. Whereupon he resolv'd to make his whole Army cross the Wood towards Clermont, and to Encamp there, in expectation of the Succours of Fuensal∣dagne, which he stood in need of, by reason that after the taking of St. Menehoult, he had sent back the Regiments of Languedoc, of Valois, and Lan∣geron to the Duke of Orleance, for the Reasons I am going to relate.

When the Duke of Orleance was retir'd to Limours,* 1.5 the King sent the Duke d' Anville, and Monsieur Le Tellier to that exil'd Uncle, to Conclude, and Sign an Accommodation with him. The chief Conditions of that Accommodation were, That

〈◊〉〈◊〉 should call back his Forces, which con∣sisted of Eight Regiments of Horse, and Three of Foot; That he should give them to the King, but that His Majesty should not employ them against the Prince of Conde. The Treaty being sign'd, Monsieur retir'd to Blois with the King's leave, there to enjoy the Delights of Solitude, and to lead a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Life with * 1.6 Madame, who had no mind to be concern'd with the Cabals of the Court.

The following day he sent Gedouin, Mareschal 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Camp, and second Lieutenant to his Gendarmes, to give the Prince of Conde an Account of his Ac∣commodation, and to invite him at the same time to return to his Allegiance, with those that follow'd his Fortune, and to take the Advantage of the Act of Grace His Majesty had granted them. He like∣wise carry'd Orders to bring back the three Regi∣ments I have mention'd, the which the Prince had taken along with him, and were at that time in his Army.

This Envoy being arriv'd at the Camp before St. Menehoult, on the third day of the Siege, and having perform'd his Commission to the utmost of his Power, the Prince answer'd him coldly, That he thank'd his Royal Highness for the Advice he gave him of his Treaty with the Court, that both he and his Friends knew the Treatment he had re∣ceiv'd, notwithstanding the Act of Grace, and that they would make their Profit of his Example; and that as for his Royal Highnesses Forces, he would send them back after the end of the Siege; which he perform'd, as above-said.

Whilst the Prince of Conde was taking those Places, the Spaniards assembled the Forces of their Garrisons, in order to Invest the City of Bouillon,* 1.7 and to surprize the Cardinal there, who was raising of Men in the Country of Liege to pass into Cham∣payne, where the Nobility were likewise making

of Levies he was to joyn to some Forces of Nor∣mandy. But his Eminency got happily out of Bou∣illon with a strong Convoy, of which some were kill'd; which oblig'd the Cardinal to retire to Se∣d••n. Having assembled there the Forces he had rais'd in the Country of Liege, and there abouts, he march'd from thence with them on the 25th. of November, in order to joyn those that were assemb∣ling by the Nobility in Champayne, and arriv'd at St. Disur at the beginning of December, with Four Thousand Men.

* 1.8Monsieur de Turenne, who had Intelligence of every thing, had quitted his Camp at Baillican, and taken his March by Epernay and Chalons towards Reims, where he was to tarry for the Cardinal, and to receive his Forces to joyn them to the King's Army. However they judg'd that the King's Ar∣my was strong enough of it self to Attack the Prince of Conde, and therefore his Eminency march'd to∣wards Chalons in Champayne with his Forces, in or∣der to scour the Frontiers, before his return to Court, where he was impatiently expected by the King, and by the Queen-Mother.

* 1.9Altho' the Prince of Conde had receiv'd on the 25th of November the Quality of Generalissimo of the King of Spain's Armies, by the Hands of Count Fuensaldagne, he was allow'd no greater number of Forces than he had before: It was a lofty Title which produc'd no Considerable Succours.

* 1.10Thus the Conjuncture I have related put the Prince, who was then in a Post near Clermont, to a great los••. He expected the Succours Fuensal∣dagne had promis'd him; but he was inform'd that tha•• Count had receiv'd Orders from the Arch-Duke Leopold, to lead back his Forces into Flanders. However it happen'd happily at that time that the Prince of Tarente came back from Flanders with 5 or 6000 Men he had rais'd there at his own

Charge, and brought them to the Prince of Conde, who in order to acknowledge so great a Service, thought himself oblig'd to give him the General Command over his Forces, the which he desir'd.

But by reason that Count Tavannes had always Commanded them,* 1.11 the Prince propos'd his Design to him, at which the Earl was both surpriz'd and vex'd. What is it your Highness designs then I should do ••ere? said he. Does Honour permit me to serve is your Forces under another, after having Commanded them all for so long a time? The Prince answer'd, That having no other way to acknowledge his Ob∣ligations to his Cousin the Prince of Tarente, Ta∣vannes ought to be so much his Friend, as to com∣ply with the present state of his Affairs; and that if it was a trouble to him to yield to that Prince the Command he desir'd, he would prevail with him to be contented to have it alternately with him. Your Highness may dispose of your Forces as you think fit, reply'd Tavannes, and I must thank you for the Medium you are pleas'd to propose to me, but having always Commanded your Forces alone, I cannot resolve to a••mit a Companion. Therefore I beseech you to give me leave to retire, to leave the sole Command of your Forces to the Prince of Tarente.

The Count of Tavannes had for some time been very much dissatisfy'd with the Prince of Conde,* 1.12 whom he had always serv'd with a great deal of Fidelity and Zeal. He could not forget that this Prince, before his departure from Paris, and while he was sick there, had held a very considerable Council, without having call'd him to it; and that the best Places, and chief Governments of the Kingdom had been dispos'd of before-hand in the said Council, without so much as thinking of him. It is true, that this Count had ever look'd upon this destination of Places and Governments, as a Chy∣merical thing, by reason that it never entred into

his thoughts that the King's Army should be de∣feated, at the time the said Council was held, a•• the Prince of Conde, and all the Grandees of his Party imagin'd then. Nevertheless it made him sensible that the Prince had but little remembrance of his Services, and that he had but little regard to his Advancement, and his Interest. And therefore he had been very much dissatisfy'd ever since. And being moreover very much sollicited by his Friends to abandon the Prince's Party, he was glad to meet the Occasion I have related, and embrac'd it with Joy.

The Prince, having heard those words of Ta∣vannes I have mention'd, quitted that Count ab∣ruptly, and told him with some Anger; that he ought to think more than once on what he was going to do. And when the said Count persisting still in his Resolution, came to take his leave of his Highness, Well, Monsieur de Tavannes said the Prince to him, you are then resolvd not to suffer a Companion to Command my Forces with me, and that Pretence makes you run after the fair hopes which call you back to the Act of Grace: Go then, and give Mazarin the Satisfaction of having snatch'd my Right Arm from me, to employ it against my self. Count de Tavannes was calld at Paris, The Prince's Right Arm. I find by what your Highness tells me, reply'd the Count, that you know me ill for the time I have had the Ho∣nour to serve you. Is it possible, that having seen me abandon all, and sacrifice my Interest to that Honour only, you should think my Heart base enough at present to suffer my self to be govern'd by the Passion of Interest? I find by that, that I am only your Right Arm, because I am not on the side of your Heart. But to ••ndeceive your Highness, who thinks Interest capable to make me court the Friendship of that Minister, I Protest, and en∣gage my Word to you, that I will neither appear at Court, or take any Employment, until I have the Satis∣faction

of b••holding your Highness there in possession of the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 that is due to you.

Count T••vannes having made this Generous Pro∣••••••••••tion, took his leave of the Prince,* 1.13 and retir'd 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his Estate of Pailly near Langres, where he ••••••ain'd ever since without any Employment 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Court, and without Gratitude from the Prince.

Whereas the King had only consented to Car∣dinal Mazarin's Absence,* 1.14 in order to remove all P••••tences of continuing the Civil War,* 1.15 and to re∣establish Peace in his Kingdom, he recall'd him as soon as the state of his Affairs did permit him. This Minister, who kept at no great distance, and who did not cease to Act for His Majesty's In∣terests, had no sooner deliver'd Picardy from the Ex••••rsions of the Enemies, but he return'd to Court. He arriv'd at Paris on the 3d. of February with as much Pomp, and as many Acclamations, as if he had never quitted the Kingdom for the Reasons above mention'd. The remembrance of all that was past seem'd to be bury'd, or that it was de∣sign'd to brave the Prince of Conde's Absence. The King went to meet the Cardinal, and receiv'd him in the most obliging manner that could be.

As soon as Cardinal Mazarin found himself ab∣solutely restor'd,* 1.16 he apply'd his Mind to strengthen his Power by Considerable Alliances: And being sensible that the Prince of Conty had no inclination to lead a Church-Life, though he was design'd for i••, he propos'd one of his Nieces to him, Daugh∣ter to a Gentleman of Rome, Beautiful, and en∣dow'd with all manner of Vertues. The Marriage was concluded, to the Satisfaction of all those that were concern'd.

While Paris and the Court was employ'd about Marriage and Divertisements, Burgundy and Guienne persisted in their Revolt;* 1.17 but that Rebellion did

not last long. The City of Bellegarde was the only one in all Burgundy that persis••••d in the Prince's Party. The Duke d' Espernon, who was Governour of that Province, besieg'd it, and made himself Master of it, after a brave and obstinate Resist∣ance by Count Boutteville, who Commanded there.

Marshal de la Ferté Senneterre,* 1.18 Governour of Lor∣rain, being inform'd that the Prince of Conde's Forces were not far from him, attack'd them near Varennes, and defeated them absolutely. After which, that Marshal Invested the Castle of Orne in the Verdunois, the which surrender'd at the ap∣proach of Canon. The Reduction of that Castle was•• follow'd by that of Sorbec. At first the Go∣vernour refus'd to surrender; but when he saw that the Canon advanc'd, he offer'd to Capitulate; but the Marshal de la Ferté Senneterre refus'd to give him Quarter, and caus'd him to be hang'd at the Gate. This Example of Severity terrify'd the Governours of the other Places to that degree, that they sub∣mitted all without expecting a Siege.

After this, the Marshal de la Ferté went to joyn Marshal de Turenne, and they march'd together to∣wards, Champayne, in order to quiet that Province, and to reduce those Towns that held the Prince of Conde's Party. They besieg'd Rhetel, which was Commanded by the Marquess de Persan, and ha∣ving taken the Out-works, they oblig'd that Go∣vernour to Surrender.

Count de Brinon, who Commanded the King's Forces in Lorrain, besieg'd Commercy,* 1.19 the taking of which seem'd very difficult, by reason of the Fortifications the Enemies had made there: But the Governour's Absence, and the Vigour where∣with the Siege was carry'd on, oblig'd the besieg'd to Capitulate.

〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Reduction of those Places, there was ••••••son ••o believe that the Rebels would soon re∣〈…〉〈…〉 their Allegiance. And indeed the Revolt 〈◊〉〈◊〉 no where considerably but in Guienne.* 1.20 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Du••e of Candal•• was sent to Command the King's A••my there. He immediately took the Cas••le o•• Poujols, and then made himself Master o•• ••guillon and Marmande, after which he defeated the Forces Marsin sent to the Mount of Marsan, ••here to take their Winter Quarters: Whereby he dissip••••ed the most considerable part of the Factions that subsisted still. Several Cities of Limousin, and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 were at that time powerfully sollicited to a R••vol••; but some of them return'd of them∣s••lv•••• ••o the peaceable Domination of their Law∣••ul Soveraign; and the others were constrain'd to it by force of Arms, and absolutely to abandon the Prince of Conde's Party.

The City of Bordeaux was the only one that persisted in the Rebellion.* 1.21 That Faction which was call'd L' Hormes, was still very busie, and was in hopes of Considerable Succours by Sea from Engl••nd, and from Spain. In order to hinder them ••••om receiving the Succours they expected, the D••ke of Vend••me, High Admiral, was order'd to approach with his Ships, and to raise a Naval Ar∣my•• The Duke having brought his Ships near, c••us'd two Forts to be built upon the Garonne, in order to make himself Master of that River. He likewise seiz'd several Towns that stood upon the Bo••ders thereof, and landed some Forces to joyn to those of the Duke of Candale.

The Citizens of Bordeaux who were well affe∣••ted, look'd with Grief upon the Continuation of the Revolt: But whereas the Number of the Fa∣ctious exceeded theirs, they durst nor resist them. Nevertheless when they beheld the King's Forces, they form'd the Design of stifling the Rebellion

absolutely. To that end they assembled at the Town-House to conclude a General Peace. They wo••e white Ribbons, and fix'd Standards of the same colour on the top of their Steeples, in sign of Peace,* 1.22 and to distinguish themselves from the Hor∣me••s••s, whose Colours were Red, in sign of War•• and to shew that they were ally'd to Spain. All this oblig'd the Factious to lay down their Arm••. All things being dispos'd thus to a good Peace, No∣tice was given thereof to the Duke of Vendôme•• who immediately dispatch'd his Secretary to know the real Sentiments of the Bordelois. Monsieur de Marsin endeavour'd to create Jealousies about that Envoy, to the end that he might receive no Au∣dience: But Three Hundred Citizens went out to meet him to Conduct him to the Exchange, where he deliver'd his Credentials; and the same day two Citizens were sent to the Duke of Vendôme with A••∣ticles of ••e••ce. And whereas those Deputies ob∣serv'd that Marsin likewise sent two Officers to the Duke, to make Propositions in his Name, which might hinder the Effect of the Negotiation, they acquainted that Prince in private with the Intent••∣ons of those who had sent them; in so much that the Trea••y of Peace was concluded and sign'd•• Af∣ter which, the Duke of Vendôme, and the Duke of Candale entred into Bordeaux, where their Presence made an end of dissipating all the Factions. The Parliament, that had been transfer'd sometimes to Agen, and sometimes to Reolle, because it favour'd the Prince of Conde's Party, was re-establish'd in Bordeaux: And as soon as the Peace was Proclaim'd, Colonel Bal••••zar was order'd to quit the City with his Forces; the Prince of Conty retir'd first, to Ca∣dillac, and from thence to Pezenas. The Princess of Conde went to her Husband in Flanders; and the Dutchess of Longu••ville was order'd to retire to Montreuil-Bellay.

The Disorders of Bordeaux being thus termina∣•••••• to the King's Advantage, all the Province of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 was soon restor'd to a perfect Tranquility. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 is reported, that in the beginning of the Trou∣b••••s and Seditions of that Province, Marsin who Commanded the Forces there under the Prince of C••••ty, sent some very able Men to Cromwel,* 1.23 to ••••d••••vour to draw that Protector of England into the Prince of Conde's Party; but he refus'd to engage in ••t, or to send any Succours, whether he judg'd th•••• his Authority was not as yet sufficiently Esta∣blish'd, or whether he were persuaded that that Se••ition would not succeed, and that the King would soon be able to bring them back to their All••••iance; or lastl••, whether he was to main∣tain a considerable War against Holland.

In the mean time the Prince of Conde, who had ••••••••••er'd himself that the Sedition excited in Guienne would be greatly seconded, and that it would be very l••sting; and moreover, that it would be an Exam∣pl•• to all the other Provinces of the Kingdom, pro∣p••••••d to himself to make some Expedition on his side upon the Frontier of Picardy; and in order to succeed the better, he implor'd the Assistance of the King of Spain, who sent him Forces under ••he Conduct of the Count of Fuensaldagne.* 1.24 The Prince intended to seize the Town of Han: but being doubtful of the Suc••ess, he turn'd his Arms ••owards Roye, which he caus'd to be invested by the L••••ro••••ers; Commanded by the Chevalier of Guise. The Gentry thereabouts being reti••'d into that Town, declar'd when it was Summon'd to su••∣••••••••d, That they were resolv'd to defender them∣••••••ves to the utmost Extremity. But, whereas Roye is not sufficiently fortify'd, nor had a sufficient ••••rrison to resist long against an Army of 15000 Men, it su••render'd upon Articles after having re∣puls'd the Efforts of the Enemies as long as possible they could.

During these Transactions the French Army besieg'd Mouson; and took it after some Resistance. The Generals press'd that Siege with great vigor, in order to succour Rocroy,* 1.25 which was besieg'd by the Enemies; but Rocroy was taken before the French Forces arriv'd.

* 1.26The Marshal du Plessis Pralin, to make amends for that Loss besieg'd St. Menehoult, in the Month of November,* 1.27 the which did not resist long. The Prince of Conde, tho' sick at that time of a Quar∣tan Ague, us'd his utmost Endeavours to prevent that Conquest. But the Vigour wherewith the Siege was press'd, and the Attacks given, oblig'd it to yield. The King's Presence, who was not far from thence, also contributed much towards the Reduction of that Place.

* 1.28In the mean time the King finding that the Prince of Conde remain'd still among the Enemies of France,* 1.29 order'd the Parliament of Paris, which is the Company or Body of the Peets to impeach him. That Prince was accordingly inform'd a∣gainst, at the request of the King's Attorney-Ge∣neral; and the Parliament summon'd the said Prince to appear within a Fortnight after the Publication of the Decree, in the great Chamber, there to an∣swer to all the Articles exhibited against him. But the Prince no-wise designing to appear there, the King dispos'd of his Governments. He gave his Place of Lord Steward of the Houshold to Prince Thomas; Commissioners were appointed to ma∣nage his Estates: and the King being come to the * 1.30 Palais on the 28th. of April, the Contents of the Informations given against the Prince were read and Judgment pronounc'd against him, whereby he was declar'd guilty of High-Treason.

The Ceremony of the King's Coronation was perform'd at Reims in the Month of Iune, and there the Court resolv'd to besiege Stenay. The

Siege was form'd about the beginning of Iuly, under the Command of the Marquess of Fabert, Governour of Sedan, and the King assisted at it in Person. The Spaniards imagining that all the French Forces were employ'd at that Siege,* 1.31 resolv'd to besiege Arras. That Enterprize was no sooner resolv'd on, but the Arch-Duke assembled his ••o••ces about la Basseé, feigning to have a Design ••pon that place, after which he march'd directly to Arras. The Spaniards who flatter'd themselves with the taking of that Town, soon ended their Circonvalation, although it contain'd above fix Leagues Circumference, and then they open'd their Trenches: but whereas, they open'd them on that side which was strongest, that oversight cost them near 3500 Men in the Attacks: and after above two Months Siege they found them∣selves only Masters of a small Half Moon, and some inconsiderable Works. Count Mondejeu who com∣manded in Arras was over joy'd to see himself attack'd on that side. He had been surpriz'd, and had but a weak Garrison, he dreaded two Attacks at once, which would have confounded him, but the Spaniards soon rid him of that fear, for not being oblig'd to divide the small Number of Men he had, he defended himself with Success. In the mean time Marshal de Turenne approach'd the S••anish Lines with an Army of 15 or 16000 Men in order to keep them in awe, and to improve all the occasions that might incommode their Camp, until he had receiv'd greater Forces to succour the Place.

The Count of Ligneville being sensible that the Neighbourhood of that Army would prove of ill consequence to them, in case they allow'd the French time to retrench themselves, declar'd, That it was his Opinion, to attack them briskly. The Prince of Conde who Commanded the Spanish

Army approv'd this Advice; but the Count of Fuensald••gne as Plenipoten••iary persuaded the Arch-Duke not to abandon the Attacks that had been projected, alledging, That tho' one should hav•• the Fortune to beat Monsieur de Turenne, it would be impossible to continue the Siege, by reason that a∣bundance of Men would certainly be lost in an occasion of that nature. Those two Chiefs being Master, the Prince was oblig'd to acquiesce, and Monsieur de Turenne had time enough allow'd him to retrench himself so well in his Camp, that it was impossible to force him to a Combat, which distracted the Prince.

Sten••y ••ur••ender'd it self soon after, which ena∣bled th•• French to send another Army Command∣ed by the Marshal de Hoquincourt, who posted him∣self on the opposite side to Marshal de Turenne, at the Abby. of St. Eloy, having forc'd some Infantry that was lodg'd there, to retire, with Canon Sho••. The Armies were so near one another, that the Centries could speak together; insomuch that the Spaniards became as much besieg'd as Besiegers, whereby they soon wanted Bread, no longer en∣joying the Liberty of the Field for Convoys. Yet notwithstanding the Count of Fuensaldagne re∣main'd still obstinate in contin••ing the Attacks, in which they advanc'd but little, though they lost abundance of Men. The Prince of Conde seeing how Affairs went on, was positive to have the Siege rais'd, and to have the Honour in their re∣treat, to force Marshal de Hoquincourt's Army, whic•• was very easie to do, by reason that the Spanish Army was two parts in three stronger than his, but he could never prevail with him to do it: and confiding more in the Spanish Resolution, than in the Advice of the most Understanding, he chose to look upon the total Ruine of the Army, rather than save it in so glorious a man∣ner.

O•• the other hand Marshal de Turenne being in∣••••••••r'd w••••h the Condition of the Spaniards by his 〈◊〉〈◊〉, ••he Loss they had sustain'd in their Attacks, ••••d the general Murmurings of the Spanish Army, ••hich had an ill opinion of the Siege, finally resolv'd ••o ••••••cour the place. The Enterprize was dan∣gero••s and difficult to be p••t in execution; for the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 finding themselves in danger of being att••ck'd, fortified themselves daily, and ha•• dug g••eat holes to hinder the Ho••se from passing there, and to destroy the Foot, but those Inconveniences were provided against. Th••t which Monsieur de T••renne was most troubled at, was that the Gover∣no••r had not till then been able to give him any ac••ount of his Condition. At last a Souldier ven∣••ured out of the Town with a Note, inclosed ••ithin a small Golden Box, which he swallow'd. Thi•• Souldier arrived at Monsieur de la Ferte 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Quarters, and having remained a Day there without going to Stool he took Clysters, but though he took three they did not work upon him; in the next place they gave him a Draught which h••d no effect neither. The Marshal de la Ferte ••rowing very impatient, was resolved to have the Soldier's Belly ript open, saying, That it was bet∣••er to lose a Man than a Place of so much Consequence 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Ar••as. But they gave him another Draught ••hich proved so strong that he was like to burst ••ith it, the which brought out th•• Box. The Go••ernour inform'd him by the said Note, That he did not fear the Enemy's Power, although they ••••re upon the Ramparts: and that he only dreaded one thing, without explaining himself any farther•• This puzzled the Generals extreamly, yet after some consideration every body concluded, that Monsieur de Mondejeu feared the Arch-Duke would be ruled by the Prince of Conde, and that

the Succours would be cut in pieces, which in∣deed was to be feared.

Neither this Note, nor all the Precautions the Spaniards took could hinder Monsieur de Ture•••••• from putting his Resolution in execution. The 19th. of August he crossed the River of Scarps at the Head of his Cavalry, and posted himself be∣tween the Spanish Camp, and Mount St. Eloy•• and the Marshal de Hoquincourt attack'd the Abby so vigorously with his Infantry, that it surrender'd the same day. The next day Monsieur de Turenne went to discover the Lines which were on the side of Mount St. Eloy, and finding that they were weakly guarded, and that the Prince was at such a distance from them, that it would be impossible for him to come up time eno••gh to succour them, he resolved to attack them in that place. The 22th. he went to view the Prince of Conde's Quar∣ters, in order to keep the Spaniards uncertain of the place where he design'd to attack the Lines, and having met that Prince, who was come out at the Head of Ten Squadrons, their passed a Skir∣mish between them, in which the Duke of Ioyeuse was wounded, and died some days after. Finally on the 24th. in the Morning the Three French Armies, the first of which was Commanded by Marshal de Turenne, the second by the Marshal de la Ferte, and the third by Marshal de Hoquincourt, began the Attack with five Battalions in Front, at the Head of which at four Yards distance marched detach'd Men to furnish them with Fascines or Bavins, and whatever Instruments, or Tools they had occasion for. The Spaniards suffered the French to pass in several places, without ever firing at them, because they had dug holes there in or∣der to secure themselves. But as soon as they per∣ceiv'd them upon the brim of the first Ditch, they made a dreadful Discharge, which did not how∣ever

〈…〉〈…〉 the French from overcoming whatever ••ppos'd their passage. They began immediately 〈…〉〈…〉 the Pallisadoes, and to fill up the holes: 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in a very short space of time all the Spanish ••••••ks, Retrenchments, and Parapets were utter∣ly. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. The French Forces had been comman∣•••••• not to advance any farther, le••t the Besiegers 〈◊〉〈◊〉 expect them, and make some extraordinary 〈◊〉〈◊〉. But no Forces appearing, the French ad∣••••••c'd until they met a Barrier, which stopt them. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 de Bellefons, who commanded the Forlorn 〈◊〉〈◊〉, having removed it, and thereby open'd the Pa••••age, all the Battalions that had entred the Line 〈◊〉〈◊〉 without losing time, the Spaniards no wise 〈◊〉〈◊〉 themselves in a posture of defence. At that very time some Regiments having open'd the Lines in another place push'd the Spaniards, which were behind the Breast-work, at which time all M••rshal de Turrenne's Horse charg'd without mee∣ting the least opposition, by reason that the Quar∣ter of the Lorrainers had given ground, and suffer'd M••rshal d' Hoquincourt to enter. But it proved otherwise with Marshal de la Ferte's Forces, they me•• a resistance they did not expect, the Forces which were coming from the Arch-Duke's and Count Fuensaldagne••s Quarter, in order to succour that which Mons. de Turenne attack'd, meeting them, and opposing their passage, with an incre∣dible Bravery. All the Baggage the Spaniards had in the Camp, serv'd as a Barrier, to hinder the French from advancing as easily as they could have wish'd; and that which proved worse than that yet, was a Ravine, or great Flood of Water, which did cut the Line of Circumvallation. Monsieur de Turenne endeavouring to cross it, in that place was forced to expose himself to the Spanish Shot, and to engage with the Prince of Conde, who fought af∣ter his wonted manner, that is, with a Courage that

cannot be express'd•• Marshal de Turenne was wounded in the left Side in that occasion, but h•• had the advantage of stopping the Prince's Fury•• who happen'd not to be well seconded.

In the mean time the Marquess of Castelnau ha∣ving push'd six Squadrons that oppos'd him, en∣ter'd Arras, having forc'd a Barriere which was very well defended. He march'd immediately out of it again, with the remainder of his Horse on one side, and the Count of Montdejeu sallying out at another, they forced the Prince of Conde to retire, after having left some Squadrons behind him to favour his Retreat; at which time the Combat redoubled. The Prince perform'd ex∣traordinary Actions on that occasion; and by that Retreat which has been admir'd as much as the Battels he has won; he sav'd the Spanish Army, which was never so much expos'd, or in so much danger of being totally defeated, as it was at that time. However, he abandon'd his Infantry, his Canon,* 1.32 and his Baggage, but even in that he shew'd, that he was great in all things, and that his Prudence equal'd his Valour, which his very Ene∣mies acknowledg'd. As this Retreat was very glorious for the Prince of Conde, it also afforded a great deal of Reputation to Monsieur de Turenne, and the other Generals who reliev'd Arras, and constrain'd the Spaniards to raise the Siege. This happen'd on the 25th of August.

* 1.33The taking of Stenay, and the raising of the Siege of Arras, were follow'd by the taking of Quesnoy, Cler∣mont Catelet, Landrecy, Conde, and St. Guillain, which were taken by the French, by reason that the Prince of Conde was so much exasperated, that his Advice had not been follow'd at Arras, and even so mor∣tified, that he was unwilling to expose himself to receive new Mortifications in the defence of those places.

But it happen'd otherwise the following year:* 1.34 The French besieg'd Vallenciennes;* 1.35 that City was invested on the 15th of Iune, and the Prince ha∣ving omitted nothing in order to succour it, he s••cceeded in his design. And whereas he design'd 〈◊〉〈◊〉 recover the Honour of the Spaniards, he took 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Van-guard of their Army, and having view'd the French Lines, he seiz'd a high Ground they had not yet possess'd themselves of, upon which he lodg'd himself, which incommoded them excee∣dingly. However, this did not hinder them from opening their Trenches, and from pushing on the Siege with a great deal of vigour, until the 16th of Iuly. But the Prince of Conde, who sent Men into the Town every night, having order'd the Governor to open the Sluces that day, which was the day he had pitch'd upon to attack the French Lines, it was accordingly perform'd: The Besie∣ged open'd their Sluces, which broke at once all the Banks the French had rais'd, together with the Bridges they had made upon the Esca••t, and the Country was overflowed to that degree, that it was impossible for Mareschal de Turenne to succour Mareschal de la Ferte, whose Quarter was attack'd by Don Iohn of Austria, then Governor of the Netherlands, and by the Prince of Conde; and whatever resistance that Mareschal could make, he could not hinder his Lines from being forc'd, and the Spaniards from entering into the Town with a considerable Relief; which oblig'd the French Army to retire, and raise the Siege.* 1.36 It is reported, that Marshal de Turenne gave Marshal de la Ferte twice notice to stand upon his Guard, and that the Spaniards designed to relieve the Town that night. Moreover, it is added, that he sent him Men to fortifie his Lines, giving him to understand, that he could not be too careful, ha∣ving to deal with the Prince of Conde; but that

some Jealousie between them made that Genera•• despise that Advice and Offer. However, it i•• most certain, that the Prince of Conde, who wa•• resolv'd to relieve the place at any rate, attack'•• Marshal de la Ferte's Quarters with so much Fury•• that he would have accomplish'd his Enterprize•• whatever Assistance he had receiv'd from Marsha•• de Turenne. That Prince no sooner appear'd, bu•• the French Horse being terrified, wheel'd about•• and abandon'd Marshal de la Ferte, and instead of marching up to the Spaniards, ran away and re∣tir'd. The Disorder was so great among that Cavalry, that finding no Bridges to cross the Escaut, all of them being overflow'd, they l••apt down from certain Downs, and sell pell-mell upon Monsieur de Bellefond's Tents. Monsieur de la Ferte was taken, and had been kill'd, but for the Cap∣tain of his Guards, but it cost that poor Gentleman his Life, who throwing himself before the Marshal received a shot in the Head•• of which he dy'd some days after: Monsieur de Moret, Count d' Estrce, the Lieutenant of the Cardinals Chevaux Legers, the Ensign, and several other Officers belonging to the Gens d' Arms, and Chevaux Legers were taken•• and above 1500 Men and Horses were d••owned. The Marshal de la Ferte was carried into the Town, and lodg'd in Mons de Bournonville's House, who was Governor, where the Prince of Conde came to see him; he found him a Bed, where he ran to em∣brace him, after which he said these words to him: I could wish your Comrade had been taken in your stead; not that I fear him in the Field, I should dread you much more than him, but it would have been a satisfa∣ction to me, to see him undergo a Disgrace, which in my opinion he deserves much more than you. All I have to say to you, since you are my Prisoner, is, that you shall be at Liberty as soon as possible I can: I would send you back to morrow, but that I am oblig'd to keep Measures

〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Spaniards. As for a Ransome, I desire none, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 any of your Money, but I am willing to receive that ••hich the King shall give for you. Mons. de la Ferte ••eturn'd him a thousand Thanks, and some days after he was carried to Rocroy.

This Di••grace surpriz'd the Court a little, and ••nimated Marshal de Turenne, who preserving the Hopes of making other Conquests in the Low Coun∣••ries, attack'd La Capelle, which he took back from the Spaniards, with so much speed, that it was im∣possible for them to relieve it, by reason that the Prince of Conde could not be every where.

While the French besieg'd La Capelle,* 1.37 the Spaniards had form'd the Siege of St. Guillain,* 1.38 but rais'd it in o••der to assemble all their Forces: But the raising of that Siege not having been able to hinder the French from performing their Enterprize, the Prince of Conde resolved to attack St. Guillain anew the following year; to which the Governor of the Netherlands, the Marquess of Ceracene, and the other Generals having consented, they march'd straight to that place, and took it on the 22d of March. Soon after it, they made themselves Masters of Conde.

Marshal de Turenne being vex'd at the Conquests the Spaniards made, resolv'd to be revenged upon Cambrai, for the Losses the Fr••nch had sustain'd. To that end having placed himself one night at the Head of a small Body of Men, without imparting his Design to any body, he went to invest that place, in which there were no Forces besides the * 1.39 Mortepaye, and fifty Horse, or thereabouts: Nay, moreover, that which happen'd worse for the King of Spain, was, that the Governor and his Inhabitants did not agree.

The Town being invested on all sides, and th•• remainder of the French Army being come up, th•• Bridges of Communication were made, and at th•• same time all necessary things to work speedil•• about the Lines, were delivered to the Army.

The Prince of Conde soon received Intelligenc•• of it, and knowing that there was but a very wea•• Garrison in Cambray, and that the Spanish Army was not ready to march to the relief of it, he march'd thither himself, with all his Horse, which consisted of 18 Squadrons. Being oblig'd to pass through Valenciennes, as soon as he came within two or three leagues of it, he went before, to enquire from those who commanded in the Town, whether they could give him any intelligence of the French Army. They answer'd, That they could not, but that within 24 hours they had heard abundance of Canon shot towards Cambray. I am perswaded, answer'd the Prince, that that Town is besi••ged, but I will endeavour to relieve it, before the Enemys have made an end of their Lines. After which he desired the Governor to prepare a passage for his Forces: Although those of Valenciennes were not used to suffer Forces to pass through their City, yet they ••aid, that they were ready to grant him a Passage, if he desired to march through it. The Prince accepted it, and caused his Forces to march through that City•• He caused those to refresh themselves that pass'd first: Those being got a quarter of a league out of Town, he caused the others to march a lit∣tle further, and those having refresh'd themselves, he took those who had pass'd first, and advanc'd with Five hundred Horse upon a Rising, from whence he perceived the Camp, and the Lines of the French: Moreover, he saw that they were at work. Being convinc'd by his own Eyes, that Mons. de Turenne had besieged Cambray, he came back to his men, and calling all the Officers, he

told them, That if they tarried three days without relieving the Town, the Lines the Enemies were making with all the speed imaginable, would be 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the being forc'd: That the Spanish Army was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 too great a distance to stay for it; and that ••••nce there was no other Remedy, he was resolv'd to enter into that Town; and, that to that end he would march thither between seven and eight at night.

He had no sooner imparted his Design, but he dispos'd his Horse in three Lines, each of them con∣sisting of six Squadrons: He took the command of the second himself, and the hour appointed to march being come, Monsieur de Guitaut, who com∣manded the first, advanced with a design to force whatever should oppose him, and make the least resistance; but it fell out luckily for him, that he ••ell into the Guard of the Regiment of Palluau, who coming up to the Prince's Forces, crying out, Qui vive? suffered them to pass, believing that they answered Palluau instead of Guitaut, by reason of the termination of those Names. The Prince of Conde followed with the second Line, and found that the Enemies had closed again, yet he forced his way, and passed also.* 1.40 The last Line passed likewise, and entred, with the loss of some Officers, after which they marched up to the Pallisade, and entred the Counterscarp. The French Horse were so surprized and frightned, that they did not so much as offer to pursue them: In∣somuch, that Day being come, Monsie••r de Tu∣renne vex'd at what had happen'd, said, That he would have the Army retire. And accordingly or∣der'd a Retreat to be sounded; and while the Ar∣my was disposing to march, he dispatch'd a Cou∣reer to the Court, to inform them, that the Prince of Conde was entred in Cambray with eighteen

Squadrons, and that he was going to raise the Siege. This place was invested about the end of May.

* 1.41The Cardinal finding that the Siege of Cambray had not succeeded,* 1.42 sent Orders to Monsieur de la Ferte, who had an Army towards the Frontiers of Champagne, to invest Montmidi, which he did, and took it. While Montmidi was besieged, the Spa∣niards made an attempt upon Calis, but were obli∣ged to retire. Besides Montmidi, they lost St. Ve∣nant, and were forced to raise the Siege of Ardres. The French likewise took Bourbourg, Mardik, La Mothe aux-Bois, and some other places.

The French had also resolved upon the Siege of Dunkirk the preceding year, and in order thereun∣to had seized all the advantagious Posts that could defend the Avenues thereof, to facilitate the taking of it. Monsieur de Turenne blockt it up by Land, on the side of the Canal which looks towards Mar∣dyk, and on the other as far as the Downs. The English Army, composed of eighteen or twenty Ships, invested it by Sea, and hindred the En∣trance: The Circumvallation being made, they began to open the Trenches on the fifth of Iune. The ••irst days the Besieged made vigorous Sallies, but were always repulsed. The Spaniards being sensible of the importance of that place, put them∣selves in a posture to relieve it. The Prince of Conde was already advanced, but Marshal de Tu∣renne, who omitted nothing for the success of his Enterprize, kept so well upon his Guard, that it was impossible to surprize him. The Besieged made several other Sallies, in which abundance of Men and Officers were lost on both sides. In the mean time Monsieur de Turenne, while the Siege went on, was informed, That Don Iohn of Austria, the Prince of Conde, and the Marshal de Hoquin∣cou••••,

who had embraced the Spanish Party, were 〈◊〉〈◊〉 from Ypres to Newport, and were resolved to hazard all to relieve Dunkirk: And accordingly News was brought the next day, being the 11th, that they were encamp'd in the Downs near the Abby, and that they were preparing to attack the Bes••egers. Marshal d' Hoquincourt detach'd him∣self, with threescore Horse, to view the French Lines, but being come too near a Redoubt, where some Souldiers lay conceal'd, he was wounded with five or six Musquet-shot, of which he died within two hours. The French perceiving that the Spa∣niards were resolv'd to engage them, and that it was impossible to avoid it, offer••d them Battel on the 14th.* 1.43 Their Right-wing, commanded by Monsieur de Turenne, was oppos'd by the Prince of Conde, who signaliz'd himself in that Battel, as he had done in others; he had a Horse kill'd un∣der him, whereby he was endanger'd to fall into his Enemies Hands, but the Captain of his Guards happening to be there, gave him his, being better pleas'd to be a Prisoner himself, than to suffer that great Prince to be taken. But notwithstanding all the Perils the Prince of Conde expos'd himself to, and the great Actions he did, the Spaniards lost the Day, and the Battel was no sooner lost, but the Governor of Dunkirk being discourag'd, is desir'd to capitulate, which he did within 5 or 6 days after it: It was on the 23d of Iune. The Town was deliver'd to the English. The taking of Dunkirk was fol∣low'd by that of Bergue, Gravelines, Oudenarde, Ypres, and several other places.

Altho' the French had had very considerable Ad∣vantages over the Spaniards,* 1.44 yet they were desi∣rous of a Peace. The Queen, who desir'd it ear∣nestly, had already dispatch'd Monsieur de Lionne into Spain, to lay the Foundations of it with Don Lewis de Haro. And tho' Monsieur de Lionne was

incognito at Madrid, yet that Minister's Negotia∣tions succeeded according to the Queens Wishes. They had agreed upon the general Articles, and there was a suspension of Arms. But the King of Spain declaring that he would have the Prince of Conde compris'd in the Treaty of Peace, the French Minister reply'd, That he had no Orders to hear∣ken to any such Proposition; That the King his Master would be the sole disposer of the Favours he thought fit to grant that Prince, without being impos'd upon in that point. Whereupon the Con∣ferences were broke off.

Cardinal Mazarin being sensible that that Diffi∣culty would not easily be removed, communica∣ted it to the Pope, who was Mediator between the two Crowns, in order to his perswading the King of Spain, that he ought to desist in what re∣lated to the Interest of the Prince of Conde, but could obtain nothing. Finally, the Peace was concluded between France and Spain, in the man∣ner every body knows. Cardinal Mazarin con∣sented readily, that the Prince should be compri∣sed in the Treaty, but he desir'd, that whatever related to his being restor'd to his Dignity and Estate, should be left entirely to the King's dispo∣sal. Nevertheless, after many Contestations, the Affair was determin'd in the manner his Catholick Majesty had desir'd it, that is to the Prince of Conde's advantage. These are the Articles that concern'd him, as they are inserted in the Treaty of Peace, made in the Isle of Faisans, in the year 1659. between Philip the Fourth King of Spain, and Lewis the Fourteenth King of France.

1. THE Prince of Conde having declar'd to Cardinal Mazarin Plenipotentiary from his Most Christian Majesty, his Soveraign Lord, in order to acquaint His Majesty therewith, that he is extreamly troubled to have held, for some years past, a Conduct which has displeas'd his Majesty: that he could wish it were in his power to retrieve, tho' with the best part of his Blood, all the Acts of Hostility he has committed both within and out of France, to which he protests that his Misfortunes had engag'd him, rather than any ill Intention against his Service: And that if his Maje∣sty will be so generous, as to make use of his Royal Goodness towards him, forgetting all what is past, and receive him into favour again, he will endeavour to ac∣knowledge it to the last moment of his life, by an invio∣lable Fidelity, and to retrieve what is pass'd, by an ab∣solute submission to all his Commands. And that in the mean time, in Order to begin, and to shew by such Effects as may be in his power, with how much Passion he de∣sires to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 honour'd again by his Majesty's Favour and Good-will, he relinquishes whatever may relate to his Interest in the conclusion of the said Peace, and desires nothing but what may proceed from the Clemency and Free-will of the said Lord King, his Soveraign Lord, and besides, desires it may please his Majesty to dispose absolutely, and according to his best liking, and in what manner he shall think fit, of all the Favours his Catho∣lick Majesty shall be pleas'd to bestow upon him, and has already offer'd him, either in Territories and Countries, or in Towns and Moneys, the which he lays all at his Majesty's Feet. Moreover, that he is ready to disband all his Forces, and to deliver up to his Majesty the Cities of Rocroy, Le Chatelet, and Linchamp, of which his said Catholick Majesty has been pleas'd to remit the two first to him. And likewise, that as soon as he has ob∣tain'd Leave, he will send a person on purpose to the said Lord King, to assure him more precisely of the sincerity of

those Sentiments, and the reality of his Submissions, and to give his M••jesty such an Act, or Writing sign'd by ••im, as his Majesty shall be pleas'd to desire, for an As∣surance that he renounces all Leagues, Treaties, and Associations whatever, he may have made formerly, with His Catholick Majesty: And that for the future he will neither take or receive any Establishment, Pension, or Favour from any foreign King or Potentate. And fi∣nally, that as to whatever relates to his Interest in any kind whatever, he submits it entirely to his Majesty's Pleasure and Disposition, without the least Pretensions. His Majesty being inform'd of the Premisses by his Ple∣nipotentiary, and mov'd by the Proceeding and Submis∣sion of the said Prince, desires and consents that his Inte∣rests should be determin'd in this Treaty, in the following manner granted and agreed on between the two Lord-Kings.

2. First, That the said Prince shall lay down his Arms, at farthest, in the space of eight weeks, to reckon from the day and date of the signing of this present Trea∣ty, and shall effectually disband all his Forces, both Horse and Foot, French or Foreign, the which compose the body of his Army in the Netherlands, and that in such a manner as his Most Christian Majesty shall think fit, ex∣cepting the Garrisons of Rocroy, of Chatelet, and Lin∣champ, the which shall be disbanded at the time of the restitution of the said three Towns. And the said Dis∣arming and Disbanding shall be performed by the said Prince, really and sincerely, without Transportation, Loan, or Sale, true or pretended, to any other Princes or Potentates whatever, Friends or Foes to France, or their Allys.

3. Secondly, That the said Prince sending a person on purpose to his Majesty, to confirm more particularly all the things above-mentiou'd, shall deliver an Act signed by him to his said Majesty, whereby he shall submit to

the execution of what has been agreed upon between the two Lord-Kings, in relation to his Person and Interest, as well as for the Persons and Interests of those that have follow'd him. In consequence of which he shall declare, that he departs sincerely, and renounces bona fidae, to all Leagues, Intelligences, and Treaties of Association or Pro∣tection he may have made and contracted with his Ca∣tholick Majesty, or any other foreign Kings, Potentates, or Princes, or any other persons whatever, both within and out of the Kingdom of France; with promise never to take or receive for the future from the said foreign Kings and Potentates, any Pensions, Establishments, or Favours obliging him to have a dependency on them, nor any Engagements to any King or Potentate, besides His Majesty his Soveraign Lord; on pain, in case of Con∣travention to the said Writing, of forfeiting from that moment the Re-habilitation and Re-establishment that is granted him by the present Treaty, and to return to the same condition he was in on the 1st day of March of the present year.

4. Thirdly, That the said Prince, in performance of what has been before agreed upon between the said Lord-Kings, shall really, and in Fact, deliver into his Most Christian Majesty's Hands the Cities of Rocroy, Le Cha••elet, and Linchamp, at the time and day hereaf∣ter mention'd in another Article of this said Treaty.

5. The Premisses being perform'd as abovesaid, his most Christian Majesty, in contemplation of the Peace, and in consideration of his Catholick Majesty's Mediati∣on, making use of his Royal Clemency, will sincerely and heartily receive the said Prince in his Favour, and will with the same Sincerity forget whatever he has done or undertaken, for the time past, against his Service, either within or out of the Kingdom; and will allow his Re∣turn not only into France, but even at his Majesty's Court. After which, his Majesty will restore the said

Prince, in Reality and Fact, to the free possession and enjoyment of all the Estates, Honours, D••gnities, and Priviledges belonging to the first Prince of the Blood. Provided still, that as to what relates to the said E∣states, of whatever Nature they be, the said Prince shall never pretend any thing for the time past, towards the Restitution of the Income or Use of the said Estates, whatever persons may have enjoy'd them by His Ma∣jesty's Orders, nor to the payment, or restitution of his Pensions, Sallaries, or other Rents and Revenues he had upon the Demains, Farms, or General Receipts of the said Lord King; nor yet upon the Account, or pretence of what he might pretend to be due to him by His Ma∣jesty before his going out of the Kingdom, nor for the Demolitions, Degradations, or Damages done by His Majesty's Orders, or otherwise, in any manner what∣ever, in his Estate, Cities, Places, fortify'd, or not fortify'd, Lordships, * 1.45 Chastellenies, Lands, and Houses of the said Prince.

6. And as to what relates to the Garrisons, Govern∣ments of Provinces, or Places, the said Prince enjoy'd and possess'd before his going out of France, his Most Christian Majesty did for a long while constantly refuse to restore them to him, until his being mov'd by the proceeding and Submission of the said Prince above∣mention'd, when he did fully resign his Interests to his pleasure and disposition without the least Pretensions, to∣gether with whatever was offer'd him by his Catholick Majesty to indemnifie him: His said Most Christian Majesty did at last condescend to grant him what fol∣loweth, upon certain Conditions hereafter specify'd; which the said Lord Kings have agreed upon, and thus granted, viz. That provided his Catholick Majesty on his part, instead of what he design'd to give the said Prince to Indemnifie him, shall draw out the Spanish Garrison which lyes in the City, Fort, and Citadel of Juliers, to leave the said place, and Citadel free from

the said Garrison to the Duke of Newburg, on the Conditions, and in the manner that shall be specify'd hereafter in one of the Articles of the present Treaty: A•• also provided, that his said Catholick Majesty besides the removal of the Spanish Garrison out of the City and Citadel of Juliers, shall deliver to his Most Chri∣stian Majesty the City of Avennes, situate be∣tween the Sambre and the Meuse, with the Appur∣tenances, Dependencies, Annexations, and Demains there∣of in the manner his said Catholick Majesty has en∣gag'd above, by an Article of the said present Treaty (the which place of Avennes his said Majesty likewise design'd among other things to give to the said Prince.) In Consideration of which, as above-mention'd, that is, in Compensation of the delivery and yielding of one of the said places to the Most Christian King, to be united, and for ever annexed to the Crown of France; and the removal of the Spanish Garrison out of the other, in favour of a Prince who is a Friend and Ally to his Most Christian Majesty, who is desirous to Oblige him by vertue of the said Treaty of Alliance: His said most Christian Majesty for all things whatever in general that may relate to the Places, and Governments the said Prince had possess'd, or might reasonably be expected by those that belong'd to him, without excepting any, will give to the said Prince the Government of the Province of Burgundy and Bresse; under which are compriz'd the Countries of Bugey, Gex, and Veromey: As al∣so the particular Governments of the Castle of Dijon, and of the City of St. John de Laune: And to the Duke of Enguien his Son the place of Lord High Stew∣ard of the Kingdom and Houshold, together with Bre∣v••ats of Assurance to the said Prince, to preserve it in case the said Duke of Enguien should dye before him.

7. His said Majesty shall grant a full Pardon, by his Letters Patent, in d••e form, for whatever the said Prince, his Relations, Creatures, Friends, Adherents,

and Servants, either Church-men, or Lay-men, have or may have done, or undertaken for the time past a∣gainst his Service; in so much that it may never hurt or prejudice him or them at any time, nor their Heirs, Successors, Administrators, or Assigns, as if the thing had never been. Neither shall his said Majesty at any time make any Enquiry in relation to the said Prince, his Relations, Creatures, Friends, Adherents, and Ser∣vants, whether Ecclesiasticks, or Lay-men, about the Money he, or they have taken out of the general or par∣ticular Receits, or out of the Audits of his Farms: And shall not oblige them to make any Restitution of the said Money or Sums, nor of all the Levies, or Gatherings, Contributions, Impositions, Exactions impos'd upon the people, or Acts of Hostility committed in France, in any wise whatever. Which shall be explain'd more at large in the said Pardon, or Letters Patent, for the en∣tire Security of the said Prince, and of those that have follow'd him, in order that they may never be prosecu∣ted, troubled, or molested about it.

8. That as soon as the said Prince shall have per∣form'd on his part, what is contain'd in the three Ar∣ticles, 2.3. & 4. of this present Treaty, all Dutchies, Counties, Lands, Lordships, and Demains, even those of Clermont, Stenay, and Dun, as he enjoy'd them before his going out of France, and that of Jamets al∣so, in case he did enjoy it, the which heretofore belong'd to the said Prince: Together with all and every his other Estates, Moveables, or Immoveables, of any kind whatever in the manner abovesaid, shall be really and truly return'd to him, or to those the said Prince, being in France, shall Commit, and Depute, to take in his Name the Possession of the said Estates, &c. and to serve him in the administration or management of the same. As also that Restitution shall be made to him, or his said Deputies, of all the Titles, Instruments, and other Writings left by him at the time of his going out

〈…〉〈…〉 Ki••••dom, in the Houses belonging to the said 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and Lordships, or elsewhere. And that the ••aid 〈◊〉〈◊〉 shall ••e r••stor'd to the true and real Possession and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of his said Dutchies, Counti••s, Lands, Lord∣•••••••• a••d Demains, with such Rights, Authorities, 〈◊〉〈◊〉, Presidial Seats, Royal Cases, Pre∣〈…〉〈…〉, and conferring of Benefices, Nominations of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Favours, and Preheminences, or Prerogatives, ••••ich ••e and his Predecessors did enjoy, as he enjoy'd 〈◊〉〈◊〉 before his going out of the Kingdom. But that 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••••ll leav•• Bellegarde and Montrond in the same Co••dition they are at present. For the performing of 〈◊〉〈◊〉, ••ll His Majesty's Letters Patent thereunto neces∣s•••••• shall be granted him, in as good a form as he shall r••••••ire, or desire, without his being lyable to be disturb'd, ••••••••••cuted, or troubled, in the said Possession and En∣••••••••ent by the said Lord King, his Heirs, Successors, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 O••ficers, directly, or indirectly, any Donations, or Gifts, 〈◊〉〈◊〉, or I••corporations that may have been made of the said Dutchies, Counties, Lands, Lordships, and De∣••ai••s, Estates, Honours, Dignities, and Prerogatives of first Prince of the Blood notwithstanding, or what∣••••er derogatory Clauses, Constitutions, or Ordinances co••trary th••reunto. Neither shall the said Prince, his He••r••, and S••ccessors, by reason of what he may have 〈◊〉〈◊〉, either in France before his going from thence, or 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of the Kingdom, after his departure from thence; 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••or any Treaties, Correspondencies, by him made and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 with any Princes, or persons of any Condition or Quali••y soever, be lyable to be molested, troubled, or 〈◊〉〈◊〉. But that all Proceedings, Decrees, even that of the Parliament of Paris, bearing date the 27th. of March, o•• the Year 1654. Iudgments, Sentences, and other Acts, which are already past against the said Prince, ei••her in Civil or Criminal Cases (unless he has volun∣••arily contested in a Civil Suit) shall remain void, and of no Effect, and shall never be prosecuted, as if they had never been. And as to what relates to the Demain

of Albret, which the said Prince enjoyed before his going out of France, the which His Majesty has since other∣wise disposed of, he will in lieu thereof give the said ••rince the Demain of Bourbonnois, on the same Con∣ditions the Exchange of the said two Demains had al∣ready been adjusted, before the said Prince's going out of the Kingdom.

9. As to the Relations, Friends, Creatures, Adhe∣rents, or Domesticks of the said Prince, either Eccle∣siasticks, or Lay-men, that have followed his Party, they may by Vertue of the Pardons and Indemnities here∣tofore mentioned in the 7th. Article, return into France with the said Prince, and fix their abode in what place they shall think fit. And shall be restored like the other Subjects of the two Kings to the peaceable possession and enjoyment of their Estates, Honours, and Dignities (ex∣cepting the Places, Offices, and Governments they pos∣sessed before their going out of the Kingdom) the said Estates, Honours, and Dignities, to be by them en∣joyed•• in the same manner they held and did possess them. But still without pretending to any Restitution of the Enjoyments thereof for the time past, either from those on whom His Majesty shall have bestowed them, o•• in any other manner whatever. As also they shall be restored to their Rights, Names, Dues, Actions, or Pl••as, Successions, Inheritances, fallen to them, or to the Children, or Widows of the deceased, during their absence out of the Kingdom; and their Goods shall be returned them if still in Being. And his Majesty, in Consideration of the Peace, declares all Proceedings and Decrees Void and of no Effect (excepting what relates to their said Places, Offices, and Governments) even ••hat of the Parliament of Paris, bearing date the 27th. of March, 1654. as well as all Sentences, Iudgments, Adjudications, Donations, Incorporations, and other Acts, that may have been given against them, or their Heirs, for their having followed the Party of the said Prince;

〈◊〉〈◊〉 that as well in Civil as Criminal Cases (unless in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Civil matters as they have voluntarily contested) 〈◊〉〈◊〉 that neither they, nor their Heirs shall ••ver be 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to be prosecuted, disturbed, or troubled for the 〈◊〉〈◊〉. For the performance of all which Premisses His 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Christian Majesty will cause all necessary Letters 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to be expedited, both for the said Prince, his Rela••ions, Friends, Creatures, Adherents, and Dome∣〈…〉〈…〉, whether Ecclesiasticks, or Lay-men, containing 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Premises in secure and due form. Which Letters 〈◊〉〈◊〉 shall be delivered to them, as soon as the said Prince on his part shall have performed the Contents of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 three Articles, 2, 3, 4 of this present Treaty.

10. In performance of what is contained in the Sixth Article of this present Treaty, by which His Most Chri∣•••••••• Majesty is obliged to give unto the said Prince of Conde, and to the said Duke of Enguien his Son the Governments, and the Place therein specified; and his Catholick Majesty promises, and obliges himself on his 〈◊〉〈◊〉, upon the Faith and Word of a King, to remove 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of the City, Citadel, or Castle of Juliers, the Spa∣••••sh Garrison which lyes in the said City, Citadel, or 〈◊〉〈◊〉, and whatever other Forces have lately been put 〈◊〉〈◊〉 them, or might again be sent thither, in order to Reinforce the Garrison: Leaving in the said City, and Citadel, all the Artillery that is mark'd with the Arms 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the House of Cleves, or Juliers, or that has belonged 〈◊〉〈◊〉 them: And as for the remainder of the said Artillery, 〈◊〉〈◊〉, ••unition, and Instruments of War, his said ••ajesty has in the said City and Castle of Juliers, it ••••••ll ••e free for him to remove them: Leaving the said 〈◊〉〈◊〉, C••tadel, or Castle of Juliers to the possession of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 said Duke of Newburg, or such as shall be ap∣pointed by him to receive it, in the same Quality as he possesses the State of Juliers; The said Duke first de∣••••••••••ing unto his Catholick Majesty a Writing in due form, signed by his own Hand, to the Satisfaction of

his said Catholick Majesty, whereby he obliges himself not to Sell, Alienate, or Engage the said City, Citadel, or Castle, to any one, or any other Princes, or private Persons; And that he shall neither put, or establish any Garrison there but of his own Forces: As also to grant his said Catholick Majesty, when ever he shall have occasion for it; a p••ssage for his Forces, either through the said City, or through the State of Juliers; his said Majesty paying at his own Cost and Charges the Expence of the passage of the said Forces, which shall be performed by regulated Days, and reasonable Marches, without being allowed to sojourn, or remain in the Country, the said Duke on such Occasions using what••ver precautions may be necessary for the Security of the said City and Cita∣del. And in case the said Duke should be wanting in the performance of those things he obliges himself to, as well not to alienate, as not to put any Garrison in the said City and Citadel, but of his own Forces, or should refuse a passage to his Catholick Majesty's Forces, they paying for it: The said Lord most Christian King pro∣mises upon the Faith and Word of a King, neither to assist the said Duke with Men or Money, nor in any other ways, either by himself, or others, to defend the said Insruction; but on the contrary, shall send his own For∣ces, if necessary, for the Accomplishment of the Pre∣mises.

The Peace being Concluded, the Prince of Conde returned into France; he entred it by the way of La Capelle, and passed through Soissons, where he refused to receive any Harangues, or Visits from the Corporations of the City, protesting that he would receive none until he had first had the Ho∣nour of seeing the King. He went from Soissons the next day, being accompany'd with three more in his Coach, viz. the Duke d' Enguien, Messieurs de Houteville, and Guitant. He went to Meaux, and from thence to Coulomiers at the Duke of

••••••••••••ville's, from whence he went to meet the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 who was at that time in Provence, in ex∣••••••••••••ion of the Accomplishment of his Marriage 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Infanta of Spain, which was as it were, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 first Fruit of the Peace.

The King who had made a Progress to Toulouse, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Queen, Monsieur, and Mademoiselle, where 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Cardinal also repair'd about the beginning of ••••••••ary, 1660. arrived on the 12th. of the said M••nth at Arles,* 1.46 and the 17th. at Aix, where the Prince came two Days after.* 1.47 Cardinal Mazarin presented him to the King, who receiv'd him with great Demonstration of Kindness, and reite∣rated Assurances that he would forget all that was pa••••. He follow'd the Court, and assisted at the magnificent Entry their Majesties made in∣to Paris on the 26th. of August of the following Year.

The King had long been desirous to acknow∣ledge the Services of some Persons,* 1.48 who were di∣stinguish'd by their Birth, by honouring them with the Colar of the Order of the Holy Ghost. The Length of the War had been an Obstacle to it till then: But the Peace being settled he put that Design in execution, and made Sixty Knights, and Eight Commanders. The Ceremony was perform'd in the Church of the Great Augustin's at Paris, with great Magnificence, on the last of December, 1661. The Order was con••e••r'd first o•• the Prelates: and after the Service, the King perform'd the Ceremony for the Lay-Knights, be∣ginning with the Prince of Conde, and continuing with the Duke d' Enguien, the Prince of Conti and the Duke of Verneuil.

Philip the 4th. King of Spain died on the 17th. of Sept••mber, 1665.* 1.49 When the Negotiations of Peace were begun, and the Marriage of the King of France with the Infanta first talk of,* 1.50 the Spa••i∣ard••

oppos'd it at first, for fear of being troubled by the French at some time or other, about the Rights of that Princess: and it fell out according∣ly: The King of France pretending that the Dutchy of Brabant and the Annexions thereof belong'd to the Queen, by Right of Devolution after the Death of Prince Balthazar her Brother, who died on 9th. of October, 1649. he caus'd the said Country to be demanded from the Queen of Spain. Those Pretensions were laugh'd at at Madrid: and upon that refusal, which was expected, France wag'd War into the Low Countries, having first publish'd a Manifesto, by which that Crown endeavour'd to prove, that in taking possession of a Country that belong'd to the Queen, they did not in the least Infringe the last Treaty that had been made with Spain.

The King departed from St. Germains on the 14th. of May, and entred the Fields on the 24th. he made choice of Marshal de Turenne for his Lieutenant-General; and sent Marshal d' Aumont towards Dunkirk, there to Command a Body of 7 or 8000 Men. The Marquess of Crequi, who had liv'd from the Court for five or six Years last past was recall'd, and sent upon the Frontiers to∣wards Luxemburgh with 3 or 4000 Men. But the Prince of Conde had no Imployment. She Spani∣ards were constantly beaten during all that Cam∣pagn, and lost Bergue, Furnes, Tournay, Douay, Cou••tra••, and L' Isle.

* 1.51The King of France not being satisfy'd with his Progresses in Flanders resolv'd to fall upon the Franche Comte, and to make himself Master of it. He did not stay for the Spring to undertake that Conquest. The Prince of Conde who had tarried in his Governments without Action, while Mon∣sieur de Turenne had so many occasions to distin∣guish himself in the Low Countries, was sent before

〈◊〉〈◊〉 on the 7th of February of the following 〈◊〉〈◊〉. The King who had left Paris to assist at 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Expedition arriv••d at Dison the following day. The same day the Prince of Conde Summon'd the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to surrender.* 1.52 The Inhabitants of that City 〈◊〉〈◊〉 had been surpriz'd, and were not able to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 any resistance resolv'd immediately to ••ur∣••••••der, saying, That they were willing to submit to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 King of France, and to receive him, but as in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Imperial City. However, the Prince having gi∣•••••• them to understand that their City had ceas'd 〈◊〉〈◊〉 an Imperial City by the Treaty of Munster, and that in case they obey'd without delay all 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Priviledges should be preserv'd, they surren∣de••'d innocently without any further Conditions, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 opened their Gates. The Duke of Luxemburg enter'd Salins at the same time,* 1.53 and Dole was in∣••••sted on the 9th. The King and the Prince of C••nde being agreed about the Measures that were to be taken in order to reduce that City with as much ease as Bezancon and Salins, Count Chamilly, one of the Major-Generals of the Army, was or∣de••'d to summon the Inhabitants to surrender, and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 promise them that all their Rights should be preserv'd, in case they would submit voluntarily, ••nd to threaten them at the same time, that no Quarter should be given them if they made the le••st Resistance. Monsieur de Chamilly receiv'd no favourable Answer; whereupon it was resolv'd to take it by force; and three Attacks were made 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the 13th. in which the Prince expos'd himself extreamly. The Besieged defended themselves, ••nd some considerable Officers were kill'd in that occasion. The King seeing the Resistance that was made by those who govern'd in the place, sent Count Grammont the next day to represent to the Parliament the Nece••sity they lay under of Sur∣rendring, or of being expos'd to the Fury of an 〈1 page duplicate〉〈1 page duplicate〉

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Army, Commanded by a King in Person, and by the Prince of Conde, who was every where attended with Victory. He show'd them not only that there was a great deal of Rashness in resist∣ing such powerful Forces commanded by Chiefs, who till then had met with nothing that could ••ppose them, but also that it was very dangerous, since the King was resolv'd upon a general Assault, and to give no Quarter. He added to this that all the Privileges of the Citizens of Dole should be preserv'd: That in changing their Government they should not be the less happy: and finally, that they must determine instantly. The Parlia∣ment was strangely perplex'd, but having consider'd that it would be better to submit on the Conditi∣ons that were propos'd to them, than to run the hazard of seeing a whole City in a Flame, and of being expos'd to the Hostility of the Souldiers, they gave Count Grammont full Satisfaction, and he carry'd Hostages along with them for the as∣surance of the Reduction of that Place. The Ca∣pitulation was Sign'd on the 14th. The King also took Grai on the 19th. The Castles of Iou and St. Anne also surrender'd themselves; insomuch that in less than a Month the whole Franche Comté was reduc'd.

The Spaniards in order to stop the Torrent of the French Conquests desir'd a Cessation of Arms, which was granted them till May; and by the Trea∣ty of Aix la Chapelle which was made the same Year, the Franche Comté was restor'd to the King of Spain.

Nothing considerable pass'd in relation to the Prince of Conde until the Year 1672.* 1.54 when the King of France declar'd War to the Hollanders.* 1.55 We will enter upon no Particulars here; since no body can be ignorant of the Motives and Pretences of that War, in which the United Princes were like

〈◊〉〈◊〉 have been subdu'd by a Prince who aim'd at the U••••v••••sal Monarchy of Europe, and could not 〈◊〉〈◊〉 fail'd of his Ends had he subdu'd that flou∣ri••••ing Republick, of which God has hitherto de∣•••••••••••• himself the Protector. We will only say, 〈…〉〈…〉 as the King of France had resolv'd up∣•••• that War, and to that end assembled an Army of upwards of a Hundred thousand Men, he di∣rided it into three Bodies, of which he Command∣•••• ••he Chief in Person, and gave the two others ••o the Prince of Conde, and to Count Chamilly. The Forces the King was to command had their Rendezvous near Charleroy, and the Prince of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Army about Sedan•• consisting of 40000 M••••. The Prince was the first that march'd away, the King was the second, and Count Chamilly fol∣low'd in order to joyn them: after which they 〈◊〉〈◊〉 all three towards Mastricht, and incampt 〈◊〉〈◊〉 five or six Leagues from thence. Some days after a Council of War was held, in which the Duke of Orleance, the Prince of Conde, and Monsie••r de Turenne assisted: The first Advices inclin'd to besiege Mastricht, but upon considera∣••ion ••hat it was a dangerous Undertaking, they mar••hed towards the Rhine. The Body that was commanded by the Prince of Conde march'd first, the King's followed; and the two Armies march∣•••• for seven or eight Days together without meet∣ing any Forces, excepting Two hundred Men in a Retrenchment, the which the Prince took Pri∣soners•• the Chevalier de la Rochefoucault, Brother to the Prince of Marsillue, was ••••••ll'd in that occa∣••••on.

The Prince of Conde having marched on ••aid Siege to Wesel,* 1.56 while the King besieg'd Orsoy, and Mo••sieur de Turenne Burik. As soon as the Prince came before that Town, he caus'd a Battery to be raised upon the side of the Rhine to cut off the

Communication thereof; and having taken some other Precautions he made his Lines, and attack'd the Fort de la Lippe with so much vigour that he took it. It was a Post of very great Consequence. The taking thereof cast the Besieged into so great a Consternation, that they desir'd a Suspension of Arms, until the next day about Noon: this Suspension being granted them, they sent two Deputies to the Prince to let him know, that they were very much surprized that his most Christian Majesty should attack them, since they were Subjects to the E∣lector of Brandenburg; and that the States General were only in possession of the Gates, Rampa••ts, and Fortifications, without exercising any Juris∣diction in the Town; and that therefore they de∣sired their City might be declared Neuter: But that Proposition was not relished. The Prince of Conde continued his Attacks, and ca••sed the Trenches to be made, Fasci••es to be carried to the side of the Ditch, and finally disposed all things in order to make way for the Miner. In the mean time the Besieged having caused some Pieces of Cannon to be placed upon their Ramparts, for the most par'd dismounted, they made so dreadful a Fire that they kill'd above 4000 French. Tha•• Defence as vigorous as it was did not hinder the Continuation of that Siege. The Prince of Cond•• attack'd the Counterscarp; and as soon as it was taken, and his Men lodged upon it, the Besieged did capitulate. This place being of great Conse∣quence, and able to have held out much longer than it did, the ••••vernour was condemn'd to lose his Head, but he having given sufficient Reasons for his Surrendring it at the time he did, the Sen∣tence was not executed.

The Prince of Conde marched from Wesel to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 which surrender'd immediately, and from 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••o E••••rik which made no resistance neither. 〈◊〉〈◊〉, which was besieged by the King, sur∣••••••dred at that time; for which the Governour 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his Head.

The King of France who had not expected those place•• would have been taken so easily, being de∣••••••••••s to push on his Conquests, was stopt by the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of the States General, which ran to the de∣fe••••e of Iss••l, which is a River that covers all that ••••rt of the Country he design'd to make himself Master of. He resolved to pass the said River; b••t whereas it was very deep, and the Banks of a very difficult ascent, he was willing to have the P••ince of Conde's Advice before he attempted any thi••g, and accordingly he writ to him about it: Although the Prince of Conde was used to great E••terprizes he looked upon that to be very dan∣g••ro••s, and answered the King that it was im∣pr••cticable, but that he advised him to attempt to cross the Rhine, where the Hollanders were not u••••n their Guard. The Prince who was desirous 〈◊〉〈◊〉 facilitate the Conquest of Holland to the King, ••••ving brib'd a Gentleman of that Country, the ••••••d Gen••leman show'd him a Foo••d towards Tol∣••••••••••, where the Water was so shallow at the En∣••r••nce, and at the going out, that there was not ••b••ve Two hundred Foot to swim. Count de G••iche made a tryal of it, in order to be satisfied of the truth, and having found it wadeable in tha•• place by the tryal he made of it himself, with o••e of his Gentlemen, he acquainted the Prince of Conde therewith, who immediately gave an account of it to the King. That Monarch was so delighted with that News that he instantly quit∣ted his Camp with his Houshould; and having le••t the Command of the remainder of his Army

to Monsieur de Turenne went to joyn the Prince. The Dutch receiving some Intelligence of the King of France's Design, sent some Forces to the place where the French design'd to cross the Rhine; but by reason of some wrong Motions they could not possibly foresee,* 1.57 they had not time to retrench themselves. In the mean time as soon as the King of France was arriv'd upon the Banks of the Rhine, he caused some Batteries to be made, and the Army began to cross. Abundance of Volunt••ers and Persons of very great Quality went over at the same time, viz. The Duke of Vivonne, the Counts de Saulx, de Lionne, de Chauvigny and the Count of Nogent who was drown'd.

The Prince of Conde who would have a share in that Action cross'd immediately in a Boat with his Son the Duke d' Enguien.* 1.58 His Nephew the Duke of Longueville swam it over.

As soon as those two Lords where got over, they ran full speed towards a Barrier where some Forces had posted themselves, and began to fire upon them.

Those Forces were surpriz'd and frighten'd to that degree that they demanded Quarter, which the Prince of Conde granted them: but the Duke of Longueville who had been drinking a little leapt over the Barrier: The Duke of Enguien follow'd him, and those Men having taken up their Arms again, the Duke of Longueville was kill'd. The Prince of Conde immediately ran thither to mode∣rate the indiscreet heat of those young Lords, but he came too late, and was wounded in the Left-hand with a Musquet-shot. Although his Wound was very painful he would not move from the Combat until all those Men were kill'd. The Wound the Prince receiv'd was not dangerous, but whereas it was in that Hand where he had the Gout com∣monly, it was so troublesome to him, that not

••••••ng able to sleep day or night, or to serve any lo••ger, he was obliged to retire to Arnhem ••hich the French made themselves Masters of, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 well as of several other places. Every body knows what passed in the beginnings of that 〈◊〉〈◊〉.

The City of Utrecht surrender'd it self like the ••e••t,* 1.59 and the Marquess of Rochefort went to take possession of it. The Prince of Conde being cured of his Wound repair'd thither on the 1st. of May of the following Year:* 1.60 He was receiv'd there with all the Discharge of the Canon, and the Ringing of the Bills: Monsieur Stoppa who was Governour there presented him with the Keys of the Town in a Silver Bason at his arrival there: having held them for sometime in his Hands he return'd them to him, after which he was conducted to the House that had been pre∣pared for him, by the Garrison, which was all in Arms.

Sometime after the Prince of Conde's arrival at Utrecht he went to several places to try whether he could undertake any thing: But he found so good a•• order every where that he was forc'd to go back without doing any thing, having only cau••ed two Bridges to be built upon the Leck at ••••llemburg, and at Wick, in order to have a Com∣m••nication with the Forces that were in the Betau. He lay sick a while, and being oblig'd to keep his Chamber several days, he constantly had the most learned Men in Utrecht about him, whom he receiv'd with all the Civilities imaginable. It is re∣ported that he was desirous to see Spinoza, and ••old him smiling, That if he would follow him into France, he would put him in a way to live conform∣ably to the Principles of his Theology; that Paris neither wanted fine Women, nor Pleasures; although he look'd upon him as a Derst, and a Man who had no

Religion, he was charm'd with the Conversation he had with him••

The best part of the Roman Catholicks of the Country of G••elder were so pleased to find them∣selves under the Government of a Catholick King, that their joy cannot be exprest. Being in great hopes that their Religion would become the uppermost, they sent Deputies to the Prince of Conde to de••••••e him to give them those Churches the Protestants possessed in the open Country: The Prince who was sensible that they knew not what they desired, answer'd with some Railleries that put them clear out of countenance: After which he told them, That he had no orders from his Majesty as to what related to what they desired; that in case the King should make himself Master of all the Coun∣try they should have as many Churches as they pleas'd; but that whereas it was not certain yet he advised them to remain quiet, and not so much as to accept one of the Protestant Churches, al∣though it were profer'd them; to avoid the Mor∣tifications of restoring them as soon as the French Army should march away.

* 1.61The Prince of Conde was very sensible that it was impossible for the King of France to preserve all the places he got from the Hollanders with that surprizing swiftness every body has heard of. The States General who expected nothing less than the War that was declared against them were sur∣priz'd: But being recover'd out of their fright and surprize, having made a League with the House of Austria, and placed the present King of Eng∣land at the Head of it, France found it self oblig'd to abondon all at once almost all the Conquests it had made, and began to fear in its turn: That Crown fearing not to come off with Honour and Advantage out of a War, they had began with so much haughtiness, they had recourse to Intreague.

To that end in order to divide the Hollanders from the rest of the Allies, they made them advanta∣•••••••••• Propositions in case they would hearken to ••••••eace. They offer'd to restore them Mastricht and Grave, which were the two only places they 〈◊〉〈◊〉 preserv'd; but the Hollanders refus'd to hear∣••••n to it, and chose to venture the Hazards of a 〈◊〉〈◊〉, rather than to forsake the Emperor, the King of Spain, and the other Princes that were in League with them, and from whom they had ••••ceiv'd an Assistance that had broken all the M••asures of France. The King of France finding t••at there was no hopes that way, endeavour'd to ••••atter the Ambition of the Prince of Orange by great Promises; but that great Prince rejected them with scorn, and acquainted the States Ge∣neral with the Propositions that had been made to 〈◊〉〈◊〉, assuring them that he would compass the ••••••ing of the French out of their Country, and that he would give them a considerable Check, in case his Sentiments were follow'd, and his Reso∣lutions executed.

The different Interests of the Princes that were 〈◊〉〈◊〉 League together hindred things from being car∣••••••d on in the Manner that great Prince desir'd it. S••me were for besieging Grave, or Mastricht; and others for the like reason desired the Siege of C••••rleroy; others did not care any place should be besieg'd provided a stop were put to the French 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and that it should be hinder'd from send∣ing any Succours to Marshal de Turenne: France in the mean time pro••ited by those Irresolutions. The Prince of Orange was inrag'd that he could under∣••ake nothing, although he had an Army of near 60000 Men; he met with Oppositions every where. In fine, after many Obstacles that Prince carry'd it in a Council of War, and the Siege of Grave was resolv'd upon, and put in execution by

Monsieur de Rabenhaut. But the taking of that place not proving so easie as it was imagin'd, a∣bout three Months were spent in the taking of it; the Prince of Orange at that time design'd the Siege of Charleroy. Nevertheless he seem'd to have a Design upon some other place. The Prince of Conde who was not easily deceiv'd, posted himself at Pieton, between Charleroy, and Fontaine L' Es∣veque, having the Sambre behind him, and two Woods pretty near the Head of his Army, be∣tween which the Prince of Orange was oblig'd to pass to come to a Combat, which rendred the Ap∣proaches of the Dutch almost impossible. The Prince of Orange in order to oblige the Prince of Conde to quit his Post, made a Detachment of 7 or 8000 Men, which march'd towards the Meuse: But the Prince of Conde suspecting that they only design'd to draw him to some Inconveniences•• only sent some of his Forces that way, which broke the Prince of Orange's Measures. These two Princes esteem'd and dreaded each other re∣ciprocally: but the one was better serv'd than the other. The Prince of Orange daily form'd new Designs, without being able of putting any of them in execution; and the Prince of Conde propos'd nothing but what he did execute at the same time. This last who took the advantage of the Diffe∣rences that reign'd among the Allies, kept still on the side of the Prince of Orange's Army, and ha∣ving observ'd in one of the Marches of that Army, that the Ground oblig'd him to separate from it, he caus'd his Cavalry to mount, and before the Van could succour the Rear he fought with so much Fortune, that we may say that he had the Advantage at first, but it prov'd otherwise in the end; as will be seen hereafter. This Battle we are going to relate, was fought at Senef on the 11th. of August.

T•••• S••ccess of that Battle has been so variously 〈…〉〈…〉 it is difficult to decide who had the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 both Parties have pretended to it, and 〈…〉〈…〉 Reason, since it pass'd very equal∣ly 〈◊〉〈◊〉 both sides.

〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Armies were about Nivelle,* 1.62 the Con∣〈…〉〈…〉 as earnest and sollicitous to come to •• Combat, as the French were careful to avoid it, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 being resolv'd not to engage with the Prince 〈…〉〈…〉 unless the advantage were visible on their 〈◊〉〈◊〉. The reason thereof was imputed in the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 place to the eagerness wherewith the young Pr••nce of Orange desired to open himself a Passage 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••r••nce through Victory, in order to revenge the I••••u••ies this Country had receiv'd from the 〈◊〉〈◊〉, and at the same time to make his first tryal ••f a pitch'd Battle against so Famous and so Expe∣••••••nc'd a General as the Prince of Conde. In the ••••cond place, it was reported that the Prince of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 who was an old General, thought he should expo••e his Glory too much, by encountring a ••oung Prince of Twenty Three Years of Age. ••••ere was another reason which curb'd the Na∣tural eagerness of the Prince of Conde, although the Army he Commanded was compos'd of good O••ficers, and chosen Souldiers, well disciplin'd, ••••ready innur'd to Combats, and flush'd by the continual Success that had attended them in two Wars, which could not be said of that which was Commanded by the Prince of Orange. This Rea∣son was, that reflecting to himself that he had been very much out of Favour at the Court of France, during the Reign of Lewis the 14th. he consider'd that he should be call'd to a stricter account than ••••y other, should any considerable Misfortune be∣fall his Army, by reason that thereby the Confe∣derates would have had a free Passage into France, the Frontiers on that side remaining defenceless:

And it is most certain that the loss of a Battle on the side of the French, would have been attended with terrible Consequences, and would have shook the Grandeur of that Crown, by reason of the Discontents that reign'd in the Kingdom, and in which the Prince of Conde was suspected to have a share. Those two different Dispositions oblig'd the two Generals, the one carefully to seek, and the other to avoid a Combat. In fine, the Prince of Orange concluding that the only way to oblige the French to fight, was to undertake the Siege of some considerable Place, which would engage them to the Relief thereof, decamp'd and march'd towards Senef: He divides his Army in three Bo∣dies; the German•• under the Command of Count de Souch•• led the Van; the Spaniards under Prince Vaudemont were placed in the Rea••, and the Dutch Commanded by Count Waldeck composed the main Body.

The Prince of Conde who was Retrench'd pretty near them, having observ'd their March, and seen as we have already observ'd; that they were of necessity oblig'd to pass some Defilies that were very narrow, tarry'd until the Van, and the ma••n Body were pass'd. And as soon as he perceiv'd that the Rear began to march, he came out of his Retrenchments and charg'd the Spaniards vigo∣rously, who made no great resistance; Insomuch that almost in a moment he kill'd above 1500 Men upon the spot, pillag'd, or burnt part of the Equipages, took Standards, and several Prisoners of Note. The Prince of Orange who was at the He••d of his Forces, was extreamly surpriz'd at what pas'd in the Rear, and running thither full speed he found all his Men in disorder, and that the Prince of Conde in order to improve his Ad∣vantage, endeavou••'d to cut off one part of the Army, which was divided from the other by a

Wood: That Prince had only time to possess himself a Rising beyond Senef, where he posted his Horse, and plac'd three strong Battalions be∣fore them to guard a Defily; but he could by no means succour the Spaniards, who being broken ••ell upon the Dutch and put them in a terrible dis∣order; insomuch, that the Prince of Conde pursu∣ing his Advantage made an end of breaking them with ease.

Had the Prince of Conde contented himself with that Success, it is most certain that the Victory could not have been disputed, but being incou∣rag'd by the hopes of obtaining a compleat Vi∣ctory, and believing that the Dutch whom he look'd upon as being the worst Souldiers in the World, would never stand their Ground after the absolute Defeat of the Spaniards, he caused his whole Army to advance. This Prince who had p••••form'd one of the bravest and boldest A∣ctions in Nature, whereby he would have gain'd an Immortal Glory had he stopt there, order'd Chevalier de Tourille, Lieutenant-General, to at∣tack the Prince of Orange. Chevaliar de Tourille answered, That he was ready to go where-ever be should Command, but that if he might be allow'd to speak his Mind, The Prince of Orange was posted so advantageously, that he would certainly lose abundance of Me•• if he came to a Battle: The Prince of Conde who did not love him, replied in a disdainful manner, That he did not ask his Advice; To which he added, That he had never been deceiv'd in his Opinion of him, which was, that he was much fitter to advise and rea∣son than to fight. These Words stung this Officer to the quick, who certainly was very brave: He march'd away that very moment without a Reply, and pass'd a Defily in order to charge the Prince of Orange's Horse, which stood in Battalia, and executed the Prince of Conde's Orders, but he lost

his Life by it, as well as most the Officers that follow'd him. He liv'd but one Hour after it, and a Moment before he died, he declar'd, That he did not regret his Life, since he died for the Service of his Prince, but that he should have been very glad to live a few Hours longer to see what would become of the Prince of Conde's Undertaking, or ra∣ther to see him perish.

In the mean time the Prince of Orange was marching to the Relief of the Spaniards, and of the Squadrons he had detach'd: but he found himself immediately hem'd in by the Run-aways whom he could never stop, either by Words, Blows, Promises, or Reproaches. The Germans being inform'd of what pass'd came in time to re∣inforce the Dutch, at which time the Battle en∣gag'd, and began with great fury on both sides. The Prince of Conde having occasion'd the loss of many brave Men was animated to that degree that he exposed himself like the meanest S••••ldiers. The Dutch made a very brave resistance; But the Prince of Orange perceiving that he was in dan∣ger of losing his Post made three Battallions ad∣vance to sustain those that were: Before he could post them, his Men being press'd by the Prince of Conde retir'd to Fay, a Village that stood close by them, fortify'd with a Castle and a Church, and surrounded with Hedges. The Prince of Conde who had no longer any regard for his Men, without minding the Losses he had sustain'd in the two preceding Actions, order'd Fo••ces to march that way, and having met the three Batta∣lions we have mention'd, that had not yet joyn'd the others, he put them to flight.

The next thing was to force the Prince of Orange out of Fay; but that did not prove easie•• that Prince who gave so many proofs of Bravery and Prudence in that occasion, being cover'd on

o••e side by a Marsh, and on the other by a Wood, which he had lin'd with Infantry: But as no∣thing appear'd impossible to the Prince of Conde, h•• sent the Duke of Luxemburg towards the Wood, while he undertook to force the Village with his b••st Forces; but he met with a brave Resistance o•• all sides: The Duke of Luxemburg was forc'd to retire with the loss of his best Officers and Souldiers: and the reason why the Prince did not do the same was, that he was resolv'd to over∣come at any rate, to make Attonement for the loss of so many brave Men he had expos'd with∣out any necessity. The remainder of the Officers see∣ing the first Prince of the Blood expos'd to the ut∣most P••rils resolv'd to share them with him. Ne∣ver did People expose themselves with more fury, no•• ever was a braver Resistance made. The ••••ench being repuls'd every where made new Ef∣for••s 〈◊〉〈◊〉 drove two Battallions of Infantry into a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 which they had posted themselves, and charg'd through the Squadrons that sustain'd them, but they lost so many Men in that Action, that they had no reason to boast of the Advantages they had obtain. This dreadful Combat lasted eight Hours by Day-light, and two Hours by the Light of the Moon, which did set to the extream Grief of the two Generals.

The Prince of Orange (while this Action lasted) gave all necessary Orders with an admirable Pru∣dence. He neglected no Advantage he could im∣prove, and charg'd the French several times at the Head of his Squadrons with that Bravery and Cou∣rage he has demonstrated in so many occasions: He oppos'd his own Men that were defeated and fe•••• upon him, as well as his Enemies who pur∣su'd their Victory with great vigour, and remain'd engag'd for above six Hours during the greatest heat of the Combat, until he was forc'd away by

the Runaways. He rally'd them several times, and charg'd with them afresh. In fine, he expos'd himself, as well as the Prince of Conde, to more dan∣gers than the meanest Souldier; insomuch that Count de Souches, in one of his Letters to the States-General upon that Subject, declar'd, That during all the time of the Combat, that Prince had shown the Conduct of an old General, and the Valour of a Caesar•• His Allies and Friends, in giving him the Praises and Glory he deserv'd, did no more than his very Enemies allow'd. They said, that the Prince of Conde had multiply'd himself during the Combat, and that he had met the Prince of Orange every where. But the greatest Testimony he re∣ceiv'd of it, and that which was most glorious, was that which the Prince of Conde gave himself, who speaking of that great Monarch, said, That he had behav'd himself in every thing like an old Captain, excepting only his exposin•• himself to too many dangers, wherein he had 〈◊〉〈◊〉 like a young man. Nevertheless the Prince of Conde, as old as he was•• had committed the same fault: For, as we have already noted, he expos'd himself that day as much as the youngest man in the Ar∣my, when he perceiv'd that the Battel grew bloody, and that all was at stake, so uncertain the Success did appear. The Combat was obstinate on both sides, and the two Generals expos'd themselves to that degree, that it was evident they had much ra∣ther dye than lose the Battel.

The number of the two Armies being pretty equal at the beginning of the Battel, it was com∣puted, that the number of the Slain proved also partly equal on both sides, and that about 15 or 16000 men had been killed, but the French lost more Officers than the Confederates.

Night having parted the two Armies, rather 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Weariness or Weakness of the Combat••••••••••s, the French retir'd to their Camp, and two ••••urs after the Prince of Orange repaird to that which he had design'd for his Army the day be∣••••re•• The Confederates pretended the Victory•• becau••e they remain'd Masters of the Field of Bat∣tel; and the•• French challeng'd it, by reason that they took a greater number of Prisoners and Stan∣dards. But without deciding who had the Honour of the Day, we may say, that the Prince of Orange go•• a great Victory, in not being vanquish'd by the Prince of Conde; and the Prince of Conde's Glory 〈◊〉〈◊〉 as great•• in not being ove••come by the Prince o•• Or••nge.

After the two Armies had refresh'd themselves, and had repair'd as much as they could the Dama∣ges they had sustain'd in that bloody Battel, they ••••arched into the Field again, and kept the World in exp••••tation of a second Engagement before the end of the Campaign. The Prince of Orange used his utmost Endeavours, in order thereunto, but the Prince of Conde chose such advantagious Posts, and retrenched himself so well, that it was impos∣sible to force him without disadvantage. He con∣tented himself with observing the motion of the Enemies, and with preserving the Conquests France had m••de, and to hinder the Confederate Army from entring into France, which was the Design the Confederates had projected.

The Prince of Orange finding that it was impossi∣ble* 1.63 to come to any Action with the Prince of Conde, who kept upon the defensive, laid Siege before Oudenarde, in the Month of September, whereby he obtain'd his End, which was to draw the French out of their Retrenchments. Accor∣dingly the Prince of Conde having received a Sup∣ply

of Forces, which Marshal ••' Humier•• was to bring him,* 1.64 he set immediately forward to attempt the relief of that place•• As soon as the French Ar∣my appeared, the Prince of Orange assembled a Council of War, in which he propos'd to march out of the Lines, in order to attack the Prince of Conde, before his Forces could be refresh'd; which was very well projected. The Spaniards were of the same opinion, but Count de Souches refus'd flat∣ly to consent to it, whereby that occasion was lost; besides, it created such Differences among the general Officers, that the Germans quitted the Trenches the next day, and posted themselves a league from thence, whereby the French got an op∣portunity to send whatever supply they pleas'd in∣to the Town. This oblig'd the Prince of Orange to raise the Siege: Whereupon a French Officer telling the Prince of Conde, that that Prince was unhappy; he reply'd, That he was unhappy as he was brave, and that in time that Gene••••l would prove as formidable to France as his Forefathers had proved to Spain.

The following Campaign the King of France took the Castle of D••nant, and besieg'd Huy, which he took about the beginning of Iune, and the 9th of the said Month he invested Limbourg; the thir∣teenth the Lines of Circumvallation were begun: The Prince of Conde, and the Duke ••' Enguien arri∣ved in the Camp the same day, with eight Squa∣drons of Horse, and the following day the Marshal of Creque repair'd thither also with 3000 Horse. The Trenches were open'd the same day. The Prince of Orange prepared for the relief of this place, but it surrender'd, without making any re∣sistance, before that Prince arriv'd.

The French Army had fatigu'd too much to ac∣••••pt any thing else; besides, the time of the Campaign of Germany approaching, there was a necessity of sending Forces to Monsieur de Turenne, who was in great want of it. To that end a De∣tachment was made, and sent to him; and there b••ing nothing more to be done in Flanders, the King retir'd to Versailles, and left the command of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Army to the Prince of Conde. The Detach∣ment that was sent in Germany turn'd the Scale; 〈◊〉〈◊〉 wher••as the Prince of Orange was upon the de∣••••••sive before, the Prince of Conde was obliged to do it in his turn, and was put to a great loss. However, the Confederates attempting nothing, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Campaign ended without any considerable Archievements on either side.

While the Armies were without Action in Flan∣ders,* 1.65 all things were dispos••d to fight briskly in Germany, and the Vice-Comte of Turenne was killed at the Eve of the Battel he designed to fight against ••he Imperialists, on the 27th of Iuly. The Prince of Conde received an Order to command in Ger∣many, after the death of that General: He left Flanders on the 10th of August, and left the com∣mand of the Army to the Duke of Luxemburg. The Imperialists had besieged Haguenau on the 20th of the same Month: The Prince of Conde at that ••ime joyned the Fr••nch Army that was encamped near S••edstadt, with a Supply of 15000 men, and being informed of the Siege Montecuculy had made, he marched away immediately with the Forces he had brought along with him, and went towards ••enfeldon and Erstein, in order to go near the River Prent••••, to encamp on the 22th at Holsheim, repor∣ting, that he designed to attack the Imperialists, or cut off their Communication with Strasbourg. Montecuculy having notice of his march, went away

the same day from Hague••a••, in order to offer the Prince Battel,* 1.66 and left 4000 men before the Place. The next day he arrived at Gartnervelt, where the Forces he had left before H••guenau came to joyn him, and he drew so near the Prince of Conde, that there was nothing but the River between the two Armies; but there fell so much Rain about that time, that neither of the Generals durst un∣dertake any thing. The Imperialists only took some Prisoners, among whom was the Prince of Conde's Steward. They likewise cut over a Bridge at Howart near Stratsburg, in order to attack the French Army.

Whereas that City had favoured the Designs of Montecuculy in the Siege of Hagu••nau, which he was oblig'd to raise, the Magistrates were no sooner in∣form'd of the arrival of the Prince of Conde, but they sent Deputies to him, to excuse what they had done; but they did not receive an Answer suitable to their Desires. The Prince of Conde made an∣swer to them, That after having dispatch'd what was most in haste, he would visit them, if the King would believe him. That quick haughty Answer alarm'd that City, which was not unacquainted with the Reputation and Humour of that Prince; they had already made tryal of what he was capable of do∣ing, for at the beginning of the War, Ricousse, one of the Officers of his Houshold, had made an At∣tempt upon the Bridge of Stratsburg, upon less pro∣vocation, the which had been contriv'd in his Clo∣set.

But let us return to Montecuculy. He was no soo∣ner come near the Post, where the Prince of Conde was retrench'd, but that Prince fir'd two Pieces of Ordinance to offer him the Combat. The Armies were very equal in str••ngth: But the Emperors General dreading the first fire of the

••••ench, and the Reputation of a Prince•• who pass'd for the best Captain of the Age he ••ived in would ha••ard nothing, and retired under the Canon of Str••t••burg. Nevertheless, he caused all the Equi∣page to be placed upon the side of the Ditch of that City, in order not to be incommoded thereby, in case the Prince of Conde should attack him; but that Prince did not intend to attack him in that Post. He retired towards the Mountains, and from thence to Chatenois, where there was abun∣dance of Forrage.

Mont••cuculy went to encamp at Obern••eim, where he received a considerable Supply of Horse and Foot. The Prince of Conde having notice of it, ••earing that General might come to attack him, ••ortified his Camp with a surprizing diligence, and having soon after received a Reinforcement of 2000 Horse, and some Foot, he thought himself secure. He had had a mind to quit the Post in which he was retrenched, but whereas it shut up the Passages into Lorrain, upon which the Imperia∣lists had some designs, he remained in his Camp, insomuch that Montecuculi thought of nothing far∣ther, than to fortifie himself in Alsatia, where he made some small Conquests. However, in order ••o raise some Jealousie in the Prince of Conde, he caused Savern•• to be besieged; but the Prince was no wise moved at it, knowing that the place was very well fortified, and that the Governor would make a brave Defence. And indeed, they were oblig'd to raise the Siege: The Marquess of Bade Dourlak, who commanded the Siege, after the raising of it, march'd into the Country of Brisgaw, which obliged 4000 Horse the Prince of Conde had sent thither, to make a Diversion, to re∣••ire to the main Army. Thus ended the Campaign of 1675. in Germany, and all those of the Prince of Conde.

The loss of Monsieur de Turenne was exceeding sensible to the King of France, for several Reasons: But had it only been for the Good of the King∣dom, he could never regret that General too much: And indeed there were so few persons ca∣pable of filling up his place, that when the King had examin'd i••, he could hardly fix upon one among all the Princes and Marshals of France. The Prince of Conde was generally the only man whose Va∣lour and Merit was known to every body; but Mons. de Louvois was not his Friend, and the King did nothing without the Advice of that Minister. No body can imagine what reason Mons. de Lou∣voi•• had to complain of the Prince, but yet it is most certain, that he did not love him, and that he disswaded the King, as much as in him lay, from giving him the Command of the Army in Germany. He acknowledged indeed, that the Prince of Conde was one of the greatest Cap••ains of the Age, and that no body could deny him a Glory he had ac∣quir'd by an infinite number of Battels he had won; but at the same time he said, that he was too fiery, and too undertaking; that it was evident by the Battel of Senef••, that he preferred his own Glo∣ry to the Good of the Kingdom; that a wiser General would have gain'd an entire Victory, and preserved those Forces which he lost by his own Fault, after the first Advantages he had obtain'd over the Enemies; and that he durst not answer, that that Prince was as well affected as he had promis'd to be•• when he made his Peace with his Ma••esty.

Whatever Monsieur de Louvois could say to oblige the King not to give the Command of his Army to the Prince of Conde, that Monarch was so well perswaded of his Capacity, Prudence, and Gallantry, as well as of the Fidelity he had pro∣••is••d

him, that at that time he had no regard to h•••• Ministers Remonstrances.* 1.67 But the Prince de∣••••red himself of that Command which was offe∣red him, by the Conditions he would make with t••e King: He desired the Duke d' Engui••is might ••••••mand the Army jointly with him, promising, ••••at he should do nothing without his Order; and tha•• it was only to have the satisfaction to see his Son, whom he lov'd entirely, in a condition to acquire Glory. But the King, who had no great ••indness for the Duke d' Enguiris, being moreover of a temper to bestow his Favours freely, without compulsion, would not hearken to that Propositi∣on: Insomuch, that the Marquess of Luovois taking the advantage of that Conjuncture, propos'd the Duke of Luxemburg, who was accepted that very moment.

As soon as the Duke of Luxemburg had receiv'd his Orders, he went away for Alsatia, which was the Rendezvous of the Army, which had never been so ••ine nor so numerous: But all the Officers soon found, that the King had given him an Em∣ployment he was not capable of, and that the Prince of Conde was the only man fit to discharge that Command with Honour in that conjuncture of Affairs. The Proof of this soon appear'd, when the Du••e of Lorrain besieg'd Philipsburg: That Place h••ld out four months, and yet the Duke of L••xemb••rg was not in a Condition to relieve it, tho' at the head of an Army of 50000 men. The King was v••ry much troubled when the news of the taking of that place was brought him, that he had not sent the Prince of Conde to com∣mand in Germany; but there was no Remedy: However, he ask'd him what should have been done to save that place; Sir, answer'd the Prince, the Duke of Luxemburg should have hinder'd the

Duke of Lorrain from besieging it; and since ••e ••ad committed that fault, he should have ventur'd the Ar∣my, and have gone to force the Enemy in his Retrench∣ments to the hazard of a thousand lives, if he had had as many. That was the only way.

Altho' the War continued, and that with all the Vigour imaginable, Conferences were held at Nim∣negen, for a Peace, the which was concluded in the manner every body knows.

Notes

• * 1.1

  1652.
• * 1.2

  The King's Return.
• * 1.3

  Several Persons are order'd to quit Paris.
• * 1.4

  The Prince of Conde's Motion.
• * 1.5

  The Duke of Orleance's Accommo∣dation.
• * 1.6

  The Dut∣chess of Or∣leance.
• * 1.7

  The Spani∣ards endea∣vour to sur∣prize the Cardinal at Bouillon.
• * 1.8

  The Cardi∣nal and Monsieur de Turenne meet.
• * 1.9

  The Prince of Conde is made Ge∣neralissimo of the Ar∣mies of Spain.
• * 1.10

  His trouble.
• * 1.11

  The Count of Tavan∣nes refus••s to yield the Command to the Prince of Tarente.
• * 1.12

  Count Tavannes's Discontents.
• * 1.13

  Count Ta∣vannes, re∣tires.
• * 1.14

  1653.
• * 1.15

  The Cardi∣nal returns to Court.
• * 1.16

  The Prince of Conty's Marriage.
• * 1.17

  The Rebel∣lion conti∣nues in Bur∣gundy and Guienne.
• * 1.18

  The Mar∣shal de la Ferté's Ex∣ploits.
• * 1.19

  Commercy taken.
• * 1.20

  Success of the King's Forces in Guienne.
• * 1.21

  L' Hormee persists in the Rebel∣lion.
• * 1.22

  The Peace of Borde∣aux.
• * 1.23

  Cromwel refuses to espo••se the Prince of Conde's Party.
• * 1.24

  The Prince of Conde takes Roye.
• * 1.25

  Rocroy ta∣ken by the French Ar∣my.
• * 1.26

  Mouson taken by the Spanish Ar∣my.
• * 1.27

  St. Mene∣hoult taken by the Mar∣shal Plissis.
• * 1.28

  1654.
• * 1.29

  The Prince of Conde impeach'd by the Par∣liament.
• * 1.30

  The place where the Parliament sits.
• * 1.31

  The Sieges of Stenay and of Arras.
• * 1.32

  The Siege of Arras rais'd
• * 1.33

  1655.
• * 1.34

  1656.
• * 1.35

  The Siege of Vallencien∣nes.
• * 1.36

  The raising of the Siege of Vallenci∣ennes.
• * 1.37

  1657.
• * 1.38

  The taking of S. Gui••lain and Conde.
• * 1.39

  Souldiers in ordinary pay, for the guard of F••••n••••er Towns.
• * 1.40

  The Prince of Conde enters Cam∣bray, and causes the siege to be raised.
• * 1.41

  1658.
• * 1.42

  The siege of Dunkirk.
• * 1.43

  The Battel of the Downs.
• * 1.44

  1659.
• * 1.45

  The Tenure or Honour and Iuris∣diction of a Castle-ship.
• * 1.46

  1660.
• * 1.47

  The King receives the Prince of Conde.
• * 1.48

  1661.
• * 1.49

  1667.
• * 1.50

  War in Flanders.
• * 1.51

  1668.
• * 1.52

  Bezancon surrenders to the Prince of Conde.
• * 1.53

  The taking of Salins, Dole, Gray, and other places.
• * 1.54

  1672.
• * 1.55

  The War of Holland.
• * 1.56

  The Prince of Conde besieges and takes Wel••el.
• * 1.57

  Passages of ••••e Rhine.
• * 1.58

  The Prince of Conde passes.
• * 1.59

  1673.
• * 1.60

  Honours done to the Prince of Conde at Utrecht.
• * 1.61

  1674.
• * 1.62

  The Battle of Senef.
• * 1.63

  The Siege of Oudenarde rais'd.
• * 1.64

  16••9.
• * 1.65

  Marshal Turenne's Death.
• * 1.66

  1675
• * 1.67

  1676.