The manner of raising, ordering, and improving forrest-trees also, how to plant, make and keep woods, walks, avenues, lawns, hedges, &c. : with several figures proper for avenues and walks to end in, and convenient figures for lawns : also rules by M. Cook.

CHAP. XLVIII. (Book 48)

Addition on the Line of Numbers. (Book 48)

THe Rule is, first find one of your numbers, then count so many as the number or numbers are forward, that is to the right hand, and that is the Sum. Take notice that your sum or sums must (if they be fractions) be Decimal fractions.

Example, In whole numbers, 55 and 15, first find 55, then count 15 forward, and the point is 70; for adde 5 to 55 it maks 60, and count 10 forward, the poynt is 70.

Example, In 3 whole numbers 60, 57 & 35; first find 60, then 5 tens forward is 110, and 7 of a tenth, tis then 117, then from that point count 35, and the point or Division sheweth 'tis 152.

Example, A whole number and a Decimal, as 6 and 9/10 find 16 on either part of your Rule: then count 9 of the 10 Divisions, that is be∣tween 6 & 7, which is one Division short of 7, and that is the point, which is 6 and 9 tenths, or thus 6 9/10, or 6.9; it also may be read 6 90/100 for tis the point of that also.

Example, 2 whole numbers and 2 fractions, as 60, 80, and 70.50; I take 60, and count 7 tenths forward, which is at the point 130;

Not here the middle one being read 100, then 3 tenths forward are for 30; then for the 80 and 50, which is 130, I count one tenth more, which then is 131, and being the Divisions on the Line fall so close, you must estimate or ghess the 90/100 or 'tis but adding the 2 last figures together, and keep the unite in your minde, to add to your other sum, and so you may be exact; add 50 and 80 together, it makes 130, keep 30 in mind as in this Example, I neglect the 2 Cyphers and add 8 and 5 together, which is 13, or add 80 and 50 make 130; now them 2 Cyphers ad∣ded together make but one Cypher added to 13, is 130; that is, one Integer, and 30 of another; but if the 80 and 50 had been only 8 and 5, then 10 had been the Integer, and the 3 had been 3/10 of one; and note this, that if the Integer, or whole sum that the fraction belongs to, in Decimal fractions, I say, if the Integer be 10, then from one to 10 is the Decimal fraction of that; and if the Integer be a 100 then from one to a 100 is the Decimal of that; if a 1000, then from one to a 1000, the Decimal of a 1000 may be; and so of greater sums: so that in Decimals there is no improper fraction, as is in your vulgar fractions, for there you may find the denominator more than the numerator if the fraction be a proper fraction, but if an improper fraction, then the Denominator less than the Numerator; as may be seen at large in most books that treat of fractions; see Mr. Wingates Arithmetick natural: so that decimal fractions may be expressed without the denominator by fix∣ing before the decimal or broken number propounded, as 12 35/100 is thus, 12.35; and 2 98/100 thus, 2.98 &c. or 2 5/10 or 2 ½ may thus be writ, and is in Decimals writ 2.5, that is 2 and a half; for in this Example the In∣teger is 10, and then 5 being half 10, so 'tis 2 and a half.

I have been large on this Rule, because I would write to those that do not know any thing of these Rules, as well as to those that be well ver∣sed in them; my desire is to learn the one, and to shew the other that which I could never see yet in any Book, viz. new Examples.