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How the Dutch and French may and do work Woollen-Manufactures, made of the Wools of Ire∣land, and the Eastern and Southern parts of Eng∣land, cheaper than the English at Colchester and Norwich.
Agents, Are the Dutch, French, and English.
Question. How the Dutch and French may and do work Woollen Manufactures, &c. cheaper.
Construction. By the 11 Pet. 3. the Dutch and French may have Wools from Ireland, the Coast of Lincoln-shire, Kent, Sussex, and Hampshire, cheaper than the Woolls of Ireland, Derby-shire, Nottingham-shire, Lincoln-shire, &c. can be had at Norwich or Colchester, by Water and Land-carriage. I say the Dutch and French may work the Manufactures chea∣per.
2 Ax. 3. For things may be so much cheaper done, as the Principles may be cheaper had.
5 Pet. 3. But Wools are Principles in Woollen Manufa∣ctures.
11 Pet. 3. And the French and Dutch may have the Wools of Ireland and Lincoln-shire, &c. cheaper by Water, than they can be had at Norwich, and Colchester, by Land and Wa∣ter-carriage.
Therefore the Dutch and French may work the Manu∣factures cheaper.
Though the smalness of the difference of the Prices of Land and Water-carriage from Ireland and the Midland∣parts of England to Norwich and Colchester, more than the Water-carriage from Ireland, Lincoln-shire, &c. to the Ports of France or the Ʋnited Netherlands seem inconsiderable; yet in the prospect of the consequences of it in reference to the Forrein Trade of them, it is very considerable. For if it be better, as it is, for any Nation to earn one thousand pound more or less by the employment of People, as in the Ʋnited Netherlands, than to have one thousand pound gotten to a Nation, and the People not employed in it, as in Spain. And if two in the hundred charge in any place, more than in another not subject to it, may gain the whole hundred pound, where otherwise they Trade upon equal terms, then the whole hundred pound, as it will be lost to that place, will be gain'd to this.
It is true indeed, if we had a Monopoly of Vending our Manufactures in Forrein Trade, small charges were inconsi∣derable; but now the Swede, Silesians, the Elector Palatine, and other Princes of Germany, have established Woollen Ma∣nufactures in their Countries; and the French, Dutch, and Venetians have enlarged their Forrein Trades of Woollen Manufactures: we are only secure of a Forrein Trade of our Woollen Manufactures, so long as we can supply the World cheaper and better than they can.
Having so often given instances in the former and this Treatise, of the Subject, Agent, Act and Question of every Prop. for the future we shall omit repeating them.
By the same Reason, the English may work Wool∣len Manufactures made of Irish wooll in the We∣stern parts of England and Wales, and also Wool∣len Manufactures made of the Wools of the Mid∣land, Eastern and Southern parts of England, chea∣per than the French or Dutch.
5 Pet. 3. For Wools are Principles in Woollen Manu∣factures.
12 Pet. 3. And the English in the Western parts of Eng∣land and Wales, may have the Woolls of Ireland cheaper than the French or Dutch.
13 Pet. 3. So the English may have the Wools of the Midland, Eastern and Southern parts of England cheaper.
And as they have the Wools cheaper, so may the Wools of Ireland be wrought in the Port-Towns of the West of England and Wales: And the Wools of the Midland, Southern and Eastern parts of England, may be wrought in Port-Towns, or places where the Manufactures without
much Land-carriage of the Wools, and may be Transported to Forrein parts by Water: As if Staples of Woollen-Manu∣factures were erected at Nottingham, Gainsborough, Lincoln, Boston, Stamford, Bedford, Cambridge, Lyn, Oxford or Ab∣bington, Ware or Hartford, Windsor, and Winchester; where∣as the bringing the Wools of Gloucester-shire, Lincoln-shire, Leicester-shire, Oxford-shire, Warwick-shire, Northampton, and Rutlandshire, &c. being by a tedious Land-carriage, and commonly in the depth of Winter, to Colchester and Norwich, the charge by Land is above treble to the Water-carriage from Lincoln-shire to Holland; or from Kent, Sussex, Hampshire, or Dorset-shire into France. This is one Reason, to many more, which makes our people more miserable in working them than the Dutch or French.