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Iohn Preston, the Son of Thomas and Alice Preston, was born at Heyford in Northamptonshire, a town divided by a little River into the upper and lower Heyfords,* 1.1 and is in Maps oft written in the plural number; It is a Rectory, and hath a fair Church in the lower Heyfords, but yet stands in divers Pa∣rishes. That Farme wherein Master Thomas Preston lived, is in Bugbrook Parish, where they buried and baptized, where we find that John the Sonne of Thomas Preston was baptized, Octob. 27. 1587. but was descended from that Family of the Prestons, that lived at Preston in Lancashire, from whence his great Grandfather removed, upon occasion of a fatall quarrel with one Master Bradshaw, a neighbour Gentleman, whom in his own de∣fence he slew, and satisfied the Law, and was acquitted for it; but not the Kindred, who waited an opportunity to be revenged, as the manner in those Northern Countries then was. It fell out not long after, that Master Bradshaws next Brother meets Master Preston, near to the place where he had slain his Brother, and told him he should do as much for him, or he would revenge his Brothers blood. Master Preston told him he had slain his Brother against his will, and in his own defence: that he bare no evil will unto them; desired him he would forbear, but when no thing would prevail, they fought, and Bradshaw fell again.
But Master Preston, was troubled and grieved at it, for he saw a fire was kindled that would not easily be quenched, and therefore resolved that he would leave that fatall and unlucky Countrey, though he was a Gentleman of a very fair estate; and walking one day pensive in Westminster-Hall, one Master Morgan of Heyford, with whom he was acquainted, came unto him, and asked why he was so sad? To whom for answer, he relates the former story. Master Morgan knowing him to be a gallant man, was very sensible of his estate, and told him if he would go with him to Heyford, he should have a good Farm to live in for the present, and what accommodation he could afford him. Master Preston thanked him, and after some consideration of the matter, re∣solved to take his offer, and so Master Preston of Preston in Lancashire, became a kind of Farmer in Northamptonshire, where he afterwards lived and died, and his Son succeeded him, and so it came to Thomas Preston, as we have said.
His Mothers name before she married, was Marsh, but she had an Uncle by the Mothers side, whose name was Craswel, a man of means and good esteem in Northampton where he lived, and where he had been several times Maior. This Uncle being rich, and having no Child, was very carefull of her,* 1.2 and took this Sonne whilest he was young un∣to himself, and sent him to the Free-School in Northampton, where he was a Scholar under the Government of Master Sanderson, then Master of the School, and after under Master Wastel, who succeeded him; and when he had been there some time, his Uncle was perswaded to remove him into Bedfordshire, unto one Master Guest, who had some∣time taught a private School in Northampton, and was accounted a bet∣ter teacher of the Greek tongue, from whence after he had perfected his Studies in the Greek, he was sent to Cambridge, and admitted of Kings Colledge, under the tuition of Master Busse, one of the Fellows, Anno Dom. 1684. where he did,* 1.3 as young Scholars use to do, that is, applied himself to that which was the genius of the Colledge, and that was musick; and finding that the Theory was short and soon attained, he made account the practice would also be so; and accordingly adven∣tured on the Noblest but hardest Instrument, the Lute, but here he found that Art was long, and was not willing to attend it; he used to say within himself, while he was fingering of his Instrument, quantum hoc tempore legi potuit: and whilest his fingers were thus distempered and foundred upon the Lute, it fell out that his Tutor, Master Busse, was chosen Master of the School at Eaton, and so removed from the Colledge about two years after he was admitted. Coming not from Eaten School, but from another, he could not be of the foundation, and was therefore uncapable of those preferments in the Colledge that were of most worth, and the sooner perswaded also for to remove, which he did unto Queens Colledge,* 1.4 where he was received and admitted un∣der the tuition of Master Oliver Bowles, one of the Fellows of that House, a very godly learned man, and a noted and carefull Tutor, under whose Government he setled to his Book and left his musick, and by whose conduct and directions he grew in knowledge, and was improved unto very thriving and undertakings in his Studies.
It is not nothing to be well descended, fortes creantur fortibus & bonis, Sheep and Neat bred in Lancashire, or on the Peak-hils, and after dri∣ven into Northamptonshire, and planted there, produce a very gallant race. These Prestons though removed from their native soil, and much impaired in their Revenue, retained yet the garb and mettal of their Ancestors, they carried themselves and were accounted Gentlemen; something there was in this young Prestons spirit that was not vulgar, I have seen in a Book of his, under his own hand, when he was young, such sparklings of aspiring ingenuity, as argued in him something that was not common.
He was as yet but Junier Sophister, but looked high, and grew acquainted with those that were Gentile, and fancied state-affairs and Courtship, that had desires or dispositions to be Secretaries or Agents
in Princes Courts; thought it below him to be a Minister, and the study of Divinity, a kind of honest siliness, and accordingly got in with a Merchant, by whose means he did procure that he should live in Paris, and learn the language and garb of France; and another Gentleman in recompence, should be received and entertained in London, to learn our garb and language. Master Creswel of Northampton was by this time dead, and had bequeathed certain Lands in that Town to him after his Wives decease; These Lands he sels to put himself into a posture fit for that design; but here he now began to find that he had reckoned without his Host, and that he should have said, if the Lord will I shall live and do this or that, Jam. 4.15. for the Merchant dies before the exchange could be accomplished, and so these blooming hopes, that had thus long held up his imagination died with the Mer∣chant.
He was of an able, firm, well-tempered constitution, brown,* 1.5 come∣ly visage, vigorous and vivide eye, but somewhat inclining to that kind of melancholly, that ariseth from a dust and parched choler, which now began a little to be discovered in him. For being mated in his first design, he grew discouraged, went not so much abroad a∣mong the Gallants, but struck sail to fortune and retired; yet his appe∣tite was rather dammed then dried up; for after a very little pause and boyling over of his sullennesse, he begins to steer again the same course, although by more certain and domestick mediums, and if he must be shut up and confined to the Muses, resolves to be no ordinary Servant to them; his genius led him unto natural Philosophy, which by that time was become his proper task; which he undertakes, not as boyes use to do, to serve their present use, but with devotion, resolves to leave no secret unattempted; adoreth Aristotle as his Tutelary Saint, and had a happinesse to enter often where others stuck, and what broke o∣thers teeth, was nuts to him, no dark untrodden path in all his Physicks or Metaphysicks, but he was perfect in it; and so drowned and devo∣ted was he, that he seldom or never could be seen abroad, to the won∣der and amazement of his former brave companions, so that no time passed, sine linea;* 1.6 not that between the ringing and tolling of the Bell to meals; and for his sleep he made it short; and whereas notwithstand∣ing all endeavours, there was one in the Colledge that would alwaies be up before him, he would let the bed-cloths hang down, so that in the night they might fall off, and so the cold awaken him; insomuch that his Tutor was constrained to read unto him moderation, and to tell him, as their might be intemperance in meats and drinks, so also there might be in studies; but the evil of it as yet he felt not, the sweet and good he did, came off with honour and applause in all his acts, and was admired in the Regent House when he sate for his degree, both by the Posers and all the Masters that examined him, and from that time much observed throughout the University.
About this time his Tutor [Master Bowles,] was called to the Recto∣ry of Sutton in Bedfordshire, and so left the Coledge, and another of the
Fellows, then Master, (afterward) Doctor Porter became his Tutor, a very learned man and great Philosopher, who never went about for to disswade him from his studies, but gave him all assistance and en∣couragement. The year following it came unto his Tutor to be Head-Lecturer in the Colledge, and Sir Preston being to probleme in the Chappel, made such an accurate and strong position, and answered so understandingly, that his Tutor borrowed his Position of him, when he had done, to look on and peruse; and finding it elaborate, resolved to make more use of it, then ever his Pupil did intend. The Master of the Colledge at that time was Doctor Tyndal, who was also Dean of Ely, and resided for the most part there; thither his Tutor goes, and car∣ries his Position with him, which he sh••wed it to the Master, and ac∣quainted him with what he had observed, that he was a youth of parts and worth, and deserved some incouragement; the Master was an ho∣nest gallant man, and loved a Scholar, and was glad of any oppotuni∣ty to shew it, and so bids his Tutor send Sir Preston over unto Ely to him, where he assured him, he should not want what was in him to do him good; and bad him hold on, and he would take care for him: and there being an Election in the Colledge, soon after he was chosen Fellow by unanimous consent of Master and Fellows, and his Tutor Master Porter brought him word of it, as he was at study, not thinking any thing, and told him that he must come down into the Chappel presently to be admitted,* 1.7 and accordingly was admitted Fel∣low of Queens Colledge in Cambridge Anno Dom. 1609. That is, five years after his first admission in the University: he was not so much moved at it, as young Students use to be, because he looked still at higher things, and had not quit in his retired thoughts his first de∣sign of being some body at Court, to which he thought this honour might be a bar, this courtesie was compes to him, yet it was not man∣ners to be discontent, but attend what should ensue; he was by this time grown a Master in Philosophy, had waded far in Aristotle, and had met with few that were able to encounter him, and therefore now re∣solves to go another while to School, to Hippocrates and Galen, and ve∣rifie what is so often said, ubi desinit Philosophus, incipit medicus; He had a very penetrating wit, and exact and solid judgment, to conjecture at effects in causes,* 1.8 and prognosticate events; and being skilfull in Phi∣losophy before, soon made the Theory his own, but because perfectio scientiarum est in summitate, the life and vigour of a science, is in the practice, he resolves to make enquiry after that. Books make not men Practitioners in any Art, Nemo ex libris evasit artifex, he retires unto a friend of his in Kent, who was very famous for his practice, where he earnestly attended and waited on the trade and way of knowing Sim∣ples, and compounding Medicines, wherein he attained to that sufficien∣cy, that had Divinity failed, he might have been another Butler; yet what he had was not in vain; for when any of his Pupils were amisse, though he sent them alwaies unto Physicians, yet himself perused, and many times corrected their Prescriptions.
It was not easie to allay his eager, and unsatisfied appetite and ap∣prehension with any one art, Eccl. 5.10. He that loveth silver shall not be satisfied with silver. Crescit amor nummi quantum ipsa pecunia crescit. The more you put into the soul, the wider presently it retcheth. He thought he could not be a good Physician, that could not read the pow∣ers of the Herbs and Plants in Stars and Planets,* 1.9 acquaints himself with Ptolomy, and other Authors in Astrology, and other curious Arts and Calculations, as they are called, Act. 19.19. that he might be able to study, not only Books, but Men, and to read mens fortunes in the hea∣venly bodies; but he could not, nor did not read his own. There was a Soothsayer that told Agathocles he should be slain the next moneth: who asked, How long he thought he should live after him? He answered, Many years. He told him he would prove one of the two false, and leave the other to the issue, and so commanded for to hang him presently. Ma∣ster Preston was very busie among the houses of the Planets, but saw not there his own Domestick doom, nor what his Maker had determined concerning him, for as he was in these coelestial contemplations, it fell out, that Master Cotton then Fellow of Emanuel Colledge, preached in Saint Maries, where Master Preston hearing him,* 1.10 was set about an∣other exercise, constrained from his contemplations in Astrology, to look into himself, and consider what might possibly befall him; it was his manner, as it is of other Students, when they come home from Saints Maries Sermons, to run unto their studies presently, or what is worse; but this young Student was forced to retire and ruminate: This Sermon had breaved him of two beloved notions, one was his low opinion of the Ministry and Preaching, for he saw an over-ruling gra∣vity and majesty in that Sermon, that he thought had been impossible to Pulpits. I have heard it often in the Colledge, that he took away sixteen Answers in a Probleme in the Chappel; but here was one he knew not how to take away: Sed haeret lateri lethalis arundo, no cun∣ning in Philosophy, or skill in Physick would suffice to heal this wound. Another was his great opinion of, and ambition after State-employ∣ments, for these were higher things that now were offered to him, concernments of eternal influence, which nothing could divert that he had studied hitherto; there have been divers eminent and great Physicians that began in medling with their own infirmities. Self-love rides alwaies on the fore-horse. His own accounts and aking consci∣ence, set Luther first upon the study of Divinity. Master Preston after this affront and baffle in the Pulpit, wanted ease, and when he could not find it in his other Books and Studies, begins a little to look into the Bible, and to consider of the study of Divinity. In the prosecution of his study in Philosophy, he found many of the Schoolmen quoted, and so was willing for to look a little into them, and finding those he light on, pithy and sententious, went on; it gave him ease, that he was now a Student in Divinity, and had left Albumasar and Guido, and such high-flown speculations, yet it pleased him for to see and find his Master A∣ristole, so often quoted, and in such request among them, and thought
if that were to be a Preacher, he might adventure well enough upon it, and so was drawn on very far in the study of the School-Divines. I have heard him say, There was nothing that ever Scotus or Occham wrote, but he had weighed and examined; he delighted much to read them in the first and oldest Editions that could be got. I have still a Scotus in a very old print, and a paper not inferiour to parchment, that hath his hand, and notes upon it throughout; yet he continued longer in Aquinas, whose Summes he would sometimes read as the Barbar cut his hair, and when fell upon the place he read, he would not lay down his Book but blow it off, and in this tune he continued, untill a rumour came into the Uni∣versity that the King would shortly come to visit them. King James was happier in his education, then his Mother would have had him. It pleased God to breed a Buchanan on purpose, for to guide his younger years, and by that time he was ripe, Scotland was grown acquainted with Geneva, and the King no stranger unto Calvins way. The News awakened all the University, and there were few but promised to them∣selves some good from this fair gale, that seeing promotion came neither from the East, nor from the West, nor from the South, Psal. 75.6. it must and would come from the North; and the Proverb be inverted, and be, Omne bonum ab Aquilone.
Doctor Harsnet, Master of Pembroke-hall was then Vice-Chancellour, a prudent well-advised Governour, who knowing well the critical and able apprehension of the King, was very carefull and sollicitous to pitch upon the ablest in every faculty, for Actors in that solemn entertain∣ment, and himself made choice of Master Preston to answer the Philo∣sophy Act, and sent unto him to provide himself. He was ambitious e∣nough by nature, and had this news come a little sooner, nothing had been more suitable to his design and inclination. But now the Gentle∣man was Planet-struck, grown dull and phlegmatick; Master Cottons Sermon had so invaded him, that Kings and Courts were no such great things with him, especially when he understood that another was resol∣ved on for answerer.
Doctor Wren was then a very pregnant Scholar in Pembroke-hall, and also Chaplain unto Bishop Andrews, and thought fit to be imployed in this Commencement service, but was not willing to have any other place but answerer: the Vice-Chancellour urged his promise and en∣gagement unto Master Preston, and his opinion of his great ability, but nothing would serve. The Vice-Chancellors Colledge, and the Bishops Chaplain must have Precedency, which he most seriously excused to Master Preston,* 1.11 and endeavoured to reconcile him to the first opponents place, which he declined, as being too obnoxious unto the answerer, who is indeed the Lord and Ruler of the Act; but there was no re∣moving now, and so he goes about it with much unwillingnesse, being rather driven then drawn unto it.
His great and first care was to bring his Argument unto a head, with∣out affronts or interruptions from the Answerer, and so made all his Ma∣jor Propositions plausible and firm, that his adversary might neither be
willing nor able to enter there, and the Minor still was backed by other Syllogismes, and so the Argument went on unto the issue: which fell out well for Master Preston, for in Disputations of consequence, the Answerers are many times so fearfull of the event, that they flur and trouble the opponents all they can, and deny things evident, which had been the case in all the former Acts; there was such wrangling about their Syllogismes, that fullied and clouded the debates extreamly, and put the Kings acumen into straits; but when Master Preston still cleared his way, and nothing was denied, but what was ready to be proved, the King was greatly satisfied, and gave good heed, which he might well do, because the question was tempered and fitted unto his content; namely, Whether Dogs could make Syllogismes.
The opponent urged that they could, an Enthymeme (said he) is a lawfull and reall Syllogisme, but Dogs can make them; he instanced in an Hound who hath the major Proposition in his mind, namely, The Hare is gone either this or that way; smels out the minor with his nose; name∣ly, She is not gone that way, and follows the Conclusion, Ergo this way with open mouth. The instance suited with the Auditory, and was applaud∣ed, and put the Answerer to his distinctions, that Dogs might have saga∣city, but not sapience, in things especially of prey, and that did con∣cern their belly, might be nasutuli, but not logici; had much in their mouthes, little in their minds, unlesse it had relation to their mouthes; that their lips were larger then their understandings: Which the oppo∣nent still endeavouring to wipe off with another Syllogisme, and put the Dogs upon a fresh scent, the Moderator Doctor Reade began to be afraid, and to think how troublesome a pack of Hounds, well followed and applauded at last might prove, and so came in into the Answerers aid, and told the Opponent that his Dogs, he did believe, were very weary, and desired him to take them off, and start some o∣ther Argument; and when the opponent would not yield, but hallow∣ed still and put them on, he interposed his authority and silenced him. The King in his conceit was all this while upon New-market heath, and liked the sport, and therefore stands up, and tells the Moderator plain∣ly he was not satisfied in all that had been answered, but did believe an Hound had more in him then was imagined. I had my self (said he) a Dog, that stragling far from all his fellows, had light upon a very fresh scent, but considering he was all alone, and had none to second and assist him in it, observes the place and goes away unto his fellows, and by such yelling arguments as they best understand, prevailed with a party of them to go along with him, and bringing them unto the place, pur∣sued it unto an open view. Now the King desired for to know how this could be contrived and carried on without the use and exercise of understanding, or what the Moderator could have done in that case bet∣ter, and desired him that either he would think better of his Dogs, or not so highly of himself.
The Opponent also desired leave to pursue the Kings game, which he had started unto an issue, but the Answerer protested that his Majesties
Dogs were alwaies to be excepted, who hunted not by common Law, but by Prerogative. And the Moderator fearing the King might let loose another of his Hounds, and make more work, applies himself with all submisse devotion to the King, acknowledged his Dogs were able to out-do him, besought his Majesty for to believe they had the better; that he would consider how his illustrious influence had already ripened and concocted, all their Arguments and Understandings; that whereas in the morning the reverend and grave Divines could not make Syllo∣gismes, the Lawyers could not, nor the Physicians; now every Dog could, especially his Majesties.
All men acknowledged it it was a good bit to close with. It was grown late, and so the Congregation was removed unto the Regent-house, and the King went off well pleased with the businesse. The other Acts were easily forgotten, but the discourse and Logick of the Dogs was fresh in mouth and memory, the Philosophy-act applauded universally. The King commended all the Actors, but above all, the Opponent. It was easie to discern that the Kings Hound had opened a way for Ma∣ster Preston at the Court, if he were willing; yet many of the great ones put him in mind, and promised all assistance and encouragement. Sir Fulke Greevill, afterward Lord Brook, was taken greatly with him, and after many demonstrations of his real love, setled at last a stipend on him of fifty pounds per annum, and was his friend unto his last hour; but his ambition after Courtship was well allayed, so as he did not raven∣ously pursue it. But being now resolved to be a Minister, fell to the study of modern Writers, especially Master Calvin, whose very stile and language much affected him. The Corutiers wondered that he did not bite, Prov. 19.15. In the light of the Kings countenance is life, and his favour like a cloud of the latter rain. That a young man should not be ambitious, that a good eye should not see; began to be a little jea∣lous of him.
He was reserved naturally, and could keep counsell; few knew how Master Cottons Sermon had affected and wrought upon him. But this not sailing when the wind blew, begat suspition. Some judged he was modest, and wanted opportunity to bring him on; some that he was melancholy, and so neglected what was proper for him to intend; some busie and intent upon his Pupils, who now began to come from all parts. But the Politicians assured, it was some inclination unto Puritanisme, a name now odious at Court; for it could not be, (said they) that he should let so fair an opportunity miscarry, if he had not something else in view. Kings think themselves exreamly undervalued, if a word be not enough; Cardinal Poole being chosen Pope at midnight by the Conclave, and sent unto, to come and be admitted, desired it might be let alone untill the morning, because it was not a work of darknesse. An honest Argument, but not Italian enough; Quis nisi mentis inops? And so they went back and chose another. When Balaam came not at the first call, see how Balak reasons, Numb. 22.37. Am I not able to promote thee? But Master Preston had indeed another King in his thoughts,
when he had found treasure in the field, he parts with all for that, Mat. 13.44. A purchase is not worth the having, that hath not either some convenience annexed, or may not some way be improved. God was a greater good then man, Heaven then earth, a Crown of Glory then a crown of gold. But this neglect and self-denyal, was well interpreted by good men, and that opinion of affecting Puritanes, which blasted him at Court, began to blazon him at home, and work a reputation, that to him was more acceptable. Men thought him meet for to be trusted with the care of youth; and many had their eyes upon him, for their Sons or Friends. Master Morgan of Heyfords,* 1.12 had been some∣time dead, and had left his Son and heir an Orphan, in trust with some that were his Kinsmen, and like to mannage his estate to most ad∣vantage. This Master Morgans Sonne, under whose shadow these Prestons had for some time lived, was by his Guardians now com∣mended to his care; not only for that relation he had to Heyfords his na∣tive Town, and to the Family, but also that by that means the young Gentleman might be preserved from the influence of his other Friends, who were many of them popish. King James had been so well pleased at the Commencement held before him lately, that he resolves upon another visit. The Heads agree to entertain him with a Comedy. There was one Fuggles of Clare-hall, that had made a jeering Comedy against the Lawyers called Ignoramus. This was resolved on for to be acted before the King, and great care was taken for to furnish and accommo∣date all parts, with Actors answerable. Master Morgan was a comely modest Gentleman, and it was believed, would well become a womans dresse, and accordingly his Tutor [Master Preston sent to,] that he would give way and all encouragement unto the service. He liked not the motion,* 1.13 could not believe that his Friends intended he should be a Player, and so desired to be excused. But the Guardians were not so exact and scrupulous, but though if he played this Game well, he might winne more then could be hoped for elsewhere; and so Master Morgan was allowed by his Guardians to play his part, and afterward removed unto Oxford, and suffered to play what part he would, and so relapsed unto Popery, which hath proved fatal and infortunate to him and his.
But here was matter for Mr. Prestons back Friends, to argue he was not a Courtier, that would envy so small a courtesie to those, that had so freely offered greater unto him; and it was resented with a kind of angry indignation, that their offers had so little influence upon him; and there were some that watched opportunities to make him sensible of this neglect. There is no such Soloecisme at Court as Independency. S•• non vis ut per illos tibi benè sit, efficient ut sit malè. But Master Preston by this time had cast up all accounts, and resolved to stand un∣to his bargain whatsoever it cost him. Only he thought if he must be a Puritan, and bid farewell to all his carnal and Court-designes; He would not be one of the lower rank, but would get places if he could. Mediocribus esse Poetis, non dii, non homines, non concessere columnae. That
counsell of the wise man, Eccl. 9.10. Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with all thy might, he alwaies practised. And what is commonly said, was true in him. In magnis ingeniis nihil mediocre. This faithfulness to Master Morgan, attended with so great a shadow upon himself, increased his reputation in the Countrey,* 1.14 so that now he was accounted the on∣ly Tutor; and being carefull to read unto them, and direct their studies, he found himself abridged of his own time, and was constrained to take up time, that should have been bestowed on his body. He also grew acquainted now with many eminent and godly Ministers, as Ma∣ster Dod, and Master Hildersham, who would come often to his Chamber, and he was so hardened in his way, that he would get them many times to go to Prayer with his Pupils, a boldnesse not adventured on by any other; but by these labours his able body was debilitated. It was a great Orator that said, Primò desii velle causas agere, deindè desii posse. At first, said he, I would not plead, at last I could not. Master Preston in his youth would not sleep, but let the bed-cloathes hang down, and a∣waken him: Now he could not, but about midnight still awakened, and slept no more; whereby in time his body languished, and could not answer as in former times. Master Butler of Clare-hall, was then the Oracle in Physick, to him he goes, and opens his condition to him; who after some few questions bids him take Tobacco, and so leaves him. He knew that Butler was odde and humourous, and thought he might give this advice to try him, and therefore resolves to wait a while before he medled with so odde a Medicine, which Hippocrates and Galen had never ordained to any of their Patients, and was at that time not so common, and of no good report; but his want of rest continuing, and his appetite unto his Book encreasing, he goes again to Master Butler, as a stranger, and propounds the case again. Master Butler gives the same advice, and being satisfied that he was serious now, falls to taking of it, and found that this hot copious fume ascending, did draw those crudities from the stomacks mouth, that hindered concoction of his meat, and vapours from it that occasion sleep, and so restored his rest, and that in time his strength, and so he went on in his work, untill Doctor Tyndal [Master of the Colledge] died. He was an old man, and that prefer∣ment of the Mastership of Queens, was more accounted of then now it is. There were very many that had their eyes upon it, but Doctor Mountain in a special manner, who was often heard for to professe he would rather be Master of that Colledge then Dean of Westminster. But Master Preston had another in his eye, Doctor Davenant, was a Gentleman descended, and was a Fellow-Commoner, when under Gra∣duate, but very painfull, and of great capacity, and grew accordingly in learning and in reputation, and for his worth and parts was already cho∣sen Margaret Professour, and read in the Schools with much applause, those excellent Lectures upon the Colossians which now are printed; him Master Preston pitched upon, but knew it must be carried very private∣ly; for the mountain was already grown into some bignesse, was one of parts, and first observed in acting Miles gloriosus in the Colledge, and
had been Chaplain unto the Earl of Essex, but like the Heliotrope or flower of the Sunne, did now adore Sir Robert Carr, already Viscount Rochester, the only Favourite. When it was agreed among the Persians, that he should reign, whose horse first saw the rising Sun, and neighed at it, one turned his horse head towards the mountains, beleiving that the Sun would first arise there; but it fell not out so here. Master Preston having laid his plot before-hand, and seen what mountain was in his way, had taken care that word should be daily brought him how the old Doctor did, and when he found him irrecoverable, laid horses and all things rea∣dy; and upon notice of his being dead, goes presently and was at Lon∣don, and in White-Hall before any light appeared on the mountain top; the Court was quiet, and he had some Friends there. His businesse only was to get a free Election, which he made means for to procure: but knowing also with whom he had to do, makes some addresses unto Vis∣count Rochester, in the behalf of Doctor Davenant, who being unac∣quainted with his Chaplains appetite to that particular, was fair and wil∣ling to befriend a learned enterprise. So Master Preston returns unto the Colledge before the Masters death was much took notice of; and assembling Doctor Davenants Friends, acquaints them with what had past at Court, and so they went immediately to Election, and it was easily and fairly carried for Doctor Davenant, who being called, was admitted pre∣sently. But when Doctor Mountain understood that Doctor Tyndal was departed, he sends and goes to Court and Colledge for to make friends: But alas the Game was played, and he was shut out. Never did Aetna or Vesuvius more fume, but there was no cure; only he threatens▪ and takes on against the Actors, but they were innocent and not obnoxious. This Doctor had made great promises, gave a very goodly piece of Plate unto the Colledge with this Inscription, Sic incipio, but now he vowed it should be Sic desino. However the Colledge for the present was well apaid, and grew in reputation very much; and because they want∣ed room to entertain the numbers that flocked to them, built that good∣ly Fabrick that contains many fair lodgings both for Scholars and Fel∣lows, towards Kings Colledge.
It was not long before it came to Master Prestons course for to be Dean and Catechist, which he resolved to improve by going through a Body of Divinity, that might be a guide unto the Scholars in their Stu∣dies in Divinity: for it was not his opinion that others should do as he had done, that is, peruse the Schoolmen first, and then come to the mo∣dern Writers; but first read Summes and Systemes in Divinity, and set∣tle their opinions and judgements, and then read Fathers, Schoolmen, or what they had a mind to. This being known, and some honest Towns∣men hearing him at first by chance, there came the next day very ma∣ny for to hear him, and the next day more, both Townsmen and Schol∣lars from other Colledges, so that the outward Chappel would be often full before the Fellows came. Master Preston was of a very meek and quiet spirit, never resented injuries, nor provoked any unto aversnesse, yet had some enemies: Si injuria multos tibi fecit inimicos,
faciet invidia multos. What had Paul done, Act. 13.45. for to deserve so sharp an opposition, but envy moved them? There had been other Deans and Catechists before this Gentleman, yet no such crowding. Complaint was made to the Vice Chancellour of this unusual kind of Catechizing, it was assured, not only that Townsmen and Scholars mingled, but other Colledges intruded also, that the Fellows for the crowd and multitude could not get through, and come to Chappel to their places; that it was not safe for any man to be thus adored, and do∣ted on, unlesse they had a mind to cry up Puritanisme, which would in short time pull them down; that the Crosier staff would not support them long, if such Assemblies were encouraged: Obsta principiis, serò medicina paratur, &c.
Well, upon the whole an Order was agreed on in the Consistory, and sent unto the Colledge, that the Scholars and Townsmen should be confined to their proper Preachers, that no stranger, neither Townsman nor Scholar, should presume on any pretence whatsoever, to come un∣to those Lectures, that were proper only to the Members of the Col∣ledge. The Edict was observed punctually, and the Auditory by it much impaired. Had strangers still been suffered to attend, those Sermons had been printed as well as others: for there were divers that exactly noted, and wrote out all fair, unto the time of this restraint, but no one after that could go on with it, and so it rests. But he went on, and was assidu∣ous to the years end, and waded through it, which was a very great help unto many of his Pupils, who made the greater benefit of those things, because they were not common and in Print.
About that time the Lecture at Trinity-Church, and the Sermons at Saint Andrews were prohibited, and the Scholars all confined to Saint Maries, which did occasion Master Preston to read Divinity unto his Pu∣pils on the Lords days, at three of the clock in the afternoon, which he also often did upon the week days; but the Townsmen and the Scho∣lars of other Colledges, that had tasted of his spirit in the Chappel, endeavoured that he would do it where they might hear. Buttolphs be∣longs unto Queens Colledge, and is usually supplied by one of that House; there he is willing to make a tryal, how it would take, and re∣solves the next Lords day to preach at three of the clock after Saint Maries Sermons should be ended; which though but very little known, occasioned such a throng and crowd, as was incredible. Men were not cloyed with preaching then, nor waxed wanton. There dwelt then in the Parish one Doctor Newcombe, a Civilian, and Commissary to the Chancellour of Ely, who being in the Church, and seeing the crowd, commanded that evening Prayer only should be read, but no Sermon; the Minister intreated that for that time Master Preston might be allow∣ed to preach, so did the Earl of Lincolne and others in the Church; but he was resolute, and because he would not be further importuned, went home with all his Family, and left them to determine at their perill what they would do; so upon advice it was concluded that the Sermon should go on, and Master Preston preached a very favoury and holy
Sermon, upon 2 Pet. 3.17, 18. There was so much time spent in de∣bates about it, and messages before the Commissary left the Congrega∣tion, that it was too late to do both, and therefore they adventured for that time to forbear Common-Prayer, that so the Scholars might de∣part, and be at Colledge-Prayers. But this instructed Doctor New∣comb in his complaint. The Court was then near hand, that is, at New-market; thither the Commissary goes the next day, and having the Bi∣shop of Ely there, and many other Clergy men, assures them that Ma∣ster Preston was in heart, and would quickly be in practice a Non-con∣formist, and was so followed and adored in the University, that unlesse some speedy course were taken with him, they might cast their caps at all Conformity, and see their power troden underfoot, and told them gentlenesse was not the way, for he was cunning, and would recover all if he were not seriously and throughly dealt with.
There was no Advocate for Master Preston, but the Doctor being first in his own cause, seemed just, Prov. 18.17. And spake to those that were willing to believe. The Puritans began to be considerable, and they doubted he might come in time to head them. It's a great security to a man to be despised: Contempto nullus diligenter nocet. A Fellow that hath nothing in him, nor is not owned, may be exorbitant, as he of one in his time: Contemptu jam liber erat. But David that hath a Party fol∣lowing him, must have an Army to attend him. And therefore he did wisely to professe himself to be a dead dog or a flea, 1 Sam. 24.14. The King was made acquainted with this complaint, and assured that Ma∣ster Preston had as strong an influence into the Puritants as the principal of the Jesuites, which was Aqua Viva, had upon them, and therefore it behoved him to consider what to do. A word was enough to a wise and jealous King, who did not love to play an after Game, and there∣fore hears himself the Doctors information; enquires whether the Bi∣shops and Chancellors Jurisdiction extended unto Members of a Col∣ledge, and finally concludes to proceed against him by the power of the University. A Letter is framed unto Doctor Scot, Master of Clare-hall, Vice-Chancellour at that time, and to the Heads, to call before them Ma∣ster Preston, to give a strict account of that notorious disobedience un∣to the Commissary; he answers mildly, that he was not guilty; refers himself unto the Auditory, that evening Prayer was omitted, because the Scholars might depart in due time, seeing the time alloted for it, was spent in treating with the Commissary, not out of any disrespect unto the service, which he himself did usually attend at other times. When the Wolf complained that the Lamb had fouled the water, that he was to drink; The Lamb answered that if he had defiled it, yet that could not prejudice the Wolf who was above, and the mud would certainly be carried downward; but this answer did not fill the hungry belly of the Wolf. Master Prestons innocency did aggra∣vate his crime, which was his popularity, and therefore they told him they were engaged to support by all just meanes the Bishops Juris∣diction, that the King had honoured him, in leaving that affront to
be examined by his proper Judges, and that except he could take off the Court, they must and would proceed to a very round and serious censure.
Musa mihi causas memora, quo numine laeso, Quidvè dolens regina deûm, tot volvere casus, Insignem pietate virum, tot adire labores Impulerit; tantaene animis coelestibus irae?
That a Fellow of a Colledge for preaching of an innocent and honest Sermon, in a Church belonging to the Colledge, by the consent and in the hearing of the Incumbent, should be thus vigorously under∣taken.
Among many other Gentlemen of quality, that were Pupils unto Master Preston at this time, there was one Sir Capel Bedels, an Orphan, of a very fair estate in Huntingtonshire, a Daughters Sonne of old Sir Arthur Capel, who being Guardian to his Grand-child, had recom∣mended him as he had done many of his own Sons unto his Govern∣ment. It was a great trust, and Master Prestons care was answerable. And because plus vident oculi, he had his spies, that gave him notice of all their carriages and correspondencies; by one of these he was informed that Sir Capel haunted Doctor Newcombs house, and was familiar with his Daughter [Mistress Jane Newcomb,] a very proper well-bred Gen∣tlewoman; his Tutor asked if they were contracted, he answered, no, but would be very shortly, as he was told, for he was resolved to have her. Master Preston charged him to keep all secret, that Sir Capel might not think he was acguainted with it, and immediately appoints a journey unto Saffron-walden, to take the aire, and see that stately pyle at Audley-end, and takes divers of his Fellow-Commoners along, as he used to do at other times; and among others, this Sir Capel Bedels: When they had dined and viewed the house, it was propounded by one of them, that they might go that night to Haddam, and visit old Sir Arthur Ca∣pel, seeing they were thus far on their way, and it was late. Master Preston seemed to be indifferent, and so the Proposition took, and with none more then with Sir Capel, who knew his Grandfather would fill his pockets, and that would sweeten his Newcomb Mistress next embraces, and make him welcome to her. The old Knight was glad to entertain such welcome guests, and that night there was no discourse, but of the stately Rooms, and goodly Gallery at Audley-end, and so the young men went to bed pleased, that the Colledge-bell next morning would not a∣waken them; but Master Preston slept not in utramque aurem, but a∣wakened betimes, and acquaints Sir Arthur with all the businesse, adviseth him, by no means to permit the Gentlemans return unto the Colledge; for though the wound might seem quite cured, and he never so much engage forbearance, yet frequent apparitions would redintegrate: Et nihil facilius quam amor recrudescit. Sir Arthur was a very wise man, and had experience of the world, thanks Master Preston for his faith∣fulnesse; pretends Sir Capel wanted something, and desires his Tutor
to give him leave to stay a little while untill he could be furnished, and then he should be sent, to which the Tutor easily consented, and so the rest went home; and after a while the old man tels Sir Capel he grew in bignesse, and it would be fit for him to travell before he setled, and he prevails with him to be content.
But what saies Mistresse Newcomb, who is robb'd by this means of her vowed and resolved servant, and her crafty Father that beholds so good a morsell snatched from between his teeth; do ye think he had forgotten this when Master Preston came to preach within his Jurisdiction? Pul∣vere qui laedunt, sed laesi marmore scribunt, other injuries perhaps may be forgotten, but losse of money is not; ploratur lachrym••s amissa pecunia veris.
Master Preston was not altogether a stranger at the Court, however now there was no remedy; when he came to New-market, he found that Bishop Andrews, then Bishop of Ely, was chief, and that his Juris∣diction in the Commissary, was it that was pretended to be affronted, and therefore applied himself to him, and told him that he did not pur∣pose to offend, but being ingaged for to preach at that time, could not with honour disappoint the Auditory; if he suspected him for any thing, desired he would examine him, and satisfie himself. The Bi∣shop told him the King was told he was an enemy to Formes of Prayer, and held no Prayer lawful but conceived; and therefore being popu∣lar, his judgment and opinion might do hurt. Master Preston answer∣ed that it was a slander, for he thought Set Formes lawfull, and refu∣sed not on all occasions to be present at the Colledge-Prayers, and when it was his turn, to read them. The Bishop answered, that he was glad, and would inform the King, and do him all the good he could, and bad him wait a while, and then repair again to him for satisfaction in it, and so time passed on, and there was nothing done. There were some at Court that wished well to Master Preston, Sed lapsuro assistere formidant, were loth to undertake a drooping cause; only there was one Doctor Young, an honest Scotchman, that was Dean of Winchester, and he told Master Preston plainly,* 1.15 that Bishop Andrews was his greatest ad∣versary, and though he gave him good words, yet had assured the King, that if Master Preston were not for this expeld the University, Lord Bishops would not long continue; but because Master Pre∣ston was accounted, and not without cause, a learned man, he was not willing to appear against him; but desired the punishment might be inflicted, where the fact was done, and that was in the Uni∣versity.
Master Preston saw now that the Bishop was a Courtier, and could give words, where deeds were not intended, and therefore goes again unto the Bishop, and tels him plainly that he or none must put a period to his attendance,* 1.16 and that either he would speak unto the King in his behalf, or tell him plainly that he would not, that he might know whence all this trouble flowed. The Bishop paused a while on this bold carriage, and at the last bad him come to him such a time
again, and he would deal with the King in his behalf.
So he goes unto the King, and tels him that however Master Preston was very dangerous, and it would be a very great security if he were handsomely expelled, yet he doubted it would not hear well, if it should be done for this offence; for he would be absolved in the opini∣ons and minds of men, and be owned and applauded as their Martyr, and might perhaps recover, and live to be revenged; and therefore thought it would be better, for to enjoyn him to declare his judgment about Forms of Prayer; for that would be accounted a recantation, and however would weaken his reputation, with the Puritans, which would be e∣nough: for if they could divide him from his Party, they should not fear him; for he said, his carriage argued confidence in some assistance, which when they had removed, they should be strong enough at single hand. All that the Bishop spake, was as if ex tripode; and order present∣ly was drawn, and sent to the Vice-Chancellor, that Master Preston should in Buttolphs Church declare his judgment, concerning Formes of Prayer, on such a Sunday, or else they should immediately proceed a∣gainst him, according to their first instructions.
Master Preston was glad there was a way out, but sensible of the hard hand, that had been carried towards him; but now there was no reme∣dy, and it was vain to strive against the stream; but before he could come home, the news was all about the Town, that Master Preston was to preach a Recantation Sermon at Buttolphs Church on such a day. This was good sport to the brave blades, who now came crowding as fast as any, for to hear, and it was no sin now for any body to be from Prayers; and indeed there was a very great Assembly, though he did all he could to have concealed it. So he went on upon his former text, and preach∣ed a very profitable Sermon, concerning growing in grace, and directed Prayer, as a speciall meanes to make men grow in grace. Now that (he said) was of two sorts,* 1.17 either that which was suddain, extempo∣rary, and conceived; or set, enjoyned, and prescribed before, not only for the sense and scope, but also words and phrases. And whereas some thought this was to stint the spirit, he said, there was a liberty to use conceived Prayer at other times, wherein the spirit might expatiate, and inlarge it self; and also the intention of the mind, though not in extension and variety of language. The Blades that came to laugh, had no great cause to do it, for this passage was at the very close; and the Sermon all along before, was sharp and searching; both sides were si∣lent and went home, not without some prints of good upon their spi∣rits: Optimus Orator censendus, non qui meruit auditorum judicium, sed qui abstulit. He makes the best speech that binds his Hearers, rather to think what was said, then who said it. The good fellows were nothing so merry at the end, as at the beginning of the Sermon. Indifferent Hearers praised all, and were confirmed in a good opinion of the Preach∣er. Good men were glad he came so well off, and was at liberty to preach again, where they might hear him: himself was troubled, lest any thing he said, should be mistaken or mis-interpreted, as he was apt to be.
But there were many eyes upon this action, and all men waited to see the issue. The Courtiers did not like it, that after all these tossings to and fro, he should thus light upon his feet, yet would not meddle for the present, but wait occasions. Those that were well-affected, were glad he was engaged against the Court and Bishops, and did pre∣sage he might be instrumental to their downfall, and every body la∣boured to ingage him more and more against them. The Spanish match was then the common talk, and great unwillingnesse appeared in the people generally; and Doctor Willet had presumed to offer Argu∣ments unto the King against matching with Idolaters. The King was greatly vext at this adventure, and took great paines to perswade the Doctor, that a Papist was not an Idolater: Sed non persuadebat etiamsi per∣suaserat. The people were unsatisfied, and there being then a Parlia∣ment, a very Honourable and able Member of the House of Lords pre∣vailed with Master Preston to write some Arguments against it. And though there were severe Edicts and Proclamations against scandalous Papers, and intermedling with Mysteries of State, yet he promised, it should be scattered and divulged unto fit persons, and none should know from whence, or from whom it came; accordingly when it was finished and written fair, one gave it to a Porter, whom he met in Holborne, and bad him leave it, according to the direction. The next day a great Lord comes unto him, that had perswaded Master Preston unto the ser∣vice, and tels him, that he had met with such a piece against the Spanish match, as he never saw, and protested he was convinced, that he must speak against it in the House, what ever came of it. The other asked him who made it, and where he had it: he assured him, he knew not, but it was left at his lodging, by he knew not whom. The Lord desired he might see it, and so it was copied out, and spread among those of the Parliament they thought fit, but the Authour of it never known.
King James had something alwayes in his Writings and Speeches a∣gainst the Puritans, which was ill taken, for that it was apparent, those meant thereby, were godly, conscientious persons. The House of Commons was the only mote in King James his eye, the Remora, (as he conceived) unto his absolute dominion, for he knew not how for to engaged them, as he did the Lawyers and Divines; but if he stopped one mouth with preferment this Parliament, there would be others open the next against him. There were some now that adventured to apo∣logize for Puritans, and to say in Parliament, that honest men were wounded under that name; and to propose that godly Ministers might not be silenced, and thrown out of their Free-holds for trifles and Cere∣monies. But King James would none of that stuff, breaks up the Par∣liament, and sets out Proclamations: Sed quid prodest totius regionis si∣lentium, si affectus fremant. People love not to be enforced unto duty: Homines duci volunt non cogi.
The Chaplains that attended monethly at the Court, were not am∣bitious of preaching over-often, and so a Combination was agreed on for Preachers before the King, when ever he should lie within twelve
miles of Cambridge: The King did not despair of making Scholars his, and therefore used all endeavours to oblige them, especially Cam∣bridge men, where a seed of Puritans had been a long time; and though the Plains about Royston and New-market afforded better Winter-game then elsewhere; yet Scholars he conceived might be catcht sometimes, as well as Hares, and so was willing they should preach before him. Young men he knew would preach themselves: Omnis oratio docet, aut rem, aut animum dicentis. He should learn either things, or persons.
By this means it came to Master Prestons turn to preach before the King at Royston; he was so muffled at Court in Doctor Newcombs busi∣nesse that he knew not what to do, could not decline it altogether, for that would have exposed him unto too much observation; and yet he greatly feared what might befall him in the doing of it: therefore he changed his course with one that was to preach a little after, and did it very privately, that if his enemies should have designes, they might be disappointed, and so it was not much known. When he was to preach, it fell out that his course came upon a Tuesday, when the King did lie at Finching brook; the Court was very thin, and the Prince and Duke of Buckingham were both abroad, and the King himself was for an hunting match that day, and gave order that the Sermon should begin at eight of the clock. Master Preston had some at the Court that were so∣licitous as well as he, and they told him it would give very great con∣tent, if he would take some occasion in the Sermon, to shew his judg∣ment, as he had done before about Se•• Formes. Doctor Young Deane of Winchester,* 1.18 (of whom we spake before) did then attend, and when the King came in, and sate down in the chair, he told him who it was that preached, and said, he hoped he would give content; I pray God he do, said the King. The Sermon is in print, upon John 1.16. which he so clearly opened and applied, that the King sate all the while as quiet as could be, and never stirred nor spake to any body, but by his looks discovered he was pleased; when all was done, he came unto him as the manner was to kisse his hand; and the King asked him of what Preston he was descended, he answered of that in Lancashire: Then said the King, you have many of your name and kindred very eminent; and Pre∣ston the Priest, although a Papist, is a very learned man.
Great haste was made to bring in dinner, and the King was very plea∣sant all the time, had his eye continually upon Master Preston, and spake of divers passages in the Sermon with much content, especially that of the Arminians putting God into the same extreamity, that Darius was put in, Dan. 6. when he would have saved Daniel, but could not: but as soon as ever he was retired, the Marquesse Hamilton kneeled down, and be∣sought him, that he might commend the Preacher to him for his Chap∣lain, protested he did not so much as know him, but that he was moved by the weight and strength of that he had delivered; told him, he spake no pen and ink-horn language, but as one that comprehended, what he said, and that he could not but have substance and matter in him. The King acknowledged all, but said it was too early, remembred New-market businesse, and was reserved.
Sir Ralph Freeman, one of the Masters of Requests, had married a Kinswoman of the Duke of Buckhinghams, and was a Kinsman unto Master Preston; he makes relation of the businesse unto the Duke, and told him, if now he would appear in favour of his Cousin Preston, he might oblige the Puritans, and lay a ground-work for his own security, if tempests should arise; assured him that Master Preston was ingenuous, and might be made, that the King and all the Court were taken with the Sermon, and did approve it. The Duke of Buckingham was a wise man, and apprehensive of what Sir Ralph suggested seasonably, saw those they called Puritans were growing, and in the Parliament were thought considerable, knew that the Kings affections might cool, and he might need friends, and took Sir Ralphs discourse into his most se∣rious thoughts. An honest man, one Master Packer, was then his Secre∣tary, and he set on what Sir Ralph Freeman had suggested, and so it came unto a resolution, that Master Preston should be owned; and the Duke commanded Sir Ralph Freeman, to go to Master Preston from him, and acquaint him with his good opinion of him, and desire to see him; and indeed there was such a concurrence, and concentring of opinions and desires among the Courtiers, that it was assured Master Preston, he might be Chaplain unto whom he would, and that was now the de∣liberation, which of these offers he should accept, and whom he would acknowledge his Patron and Protector for the time to come. There was not so few Clergy men at Court at any time, and so no kind of opposition; yet the King himself hung back, and would do nothing hastily; he was not reconcileable unto the Puritans, and so desired not in that respect for to ingage him; but he desired to deprive them of Master Preston, and to divide him from them, and would do any thing that might drive that on; and considering how many he had wonne, that Master Preston was a young man and might be drawn on, he would not hinder nor oppose; so it was the joynt opinion of all his friends, that the best preferment was to be the Princes Chaplain, who then was grown and had an houshold. This therefore was represented unto Sir Ralph Freeman, and his opinion required, who quickly yielded and proposed it unto the Duke: both Prince and Duke had been abroad, and neither of them heard the Sermon; when therefore Master Preston was brought unto the Duke, he very seriously received him; told him it was the Prince his unhappinesse and his, to be absent when he did preach, and therefore desired him that he would vouchsafe a Copy of his Sermon to him, and believe that he would be ready, to the best and utmost of his power to serve him.
There were many other Courtiers that desired Copies of the Ser∣mon, and the Court not staying there, Master Preston came home to furnish Copies. He never penned Sermon word for word but wrote what came into his mind, and as it came, and that in no good hand; and so it was a businesse to provide these Copies, which yet he seri∣ously attended till they were written fair, and then to Court he goes, where the Duke presents him to the Prince, and so he was made and
admitted Chaplain to the Prince in Ordinary;* 1.19 for as then the Prince had not compleated the number he intended, which was six, who were accordingly to wait two moneths by the year, and preach unto the houshold upon the Lords daies, and perform such duties as were required of them.
But God was making other work for Master Preston; for Doctor Tolson, Bishop of Salisbury dies, and leaves a Wife and many Children unprovided for; for he had been Bishop but a little while. This Wife of his was Doctor Davenants Sister; in pity therefore and commisera∣tion of her case, it was proposed to the King by those that were his Friends, that Doctor Davenant, a single man, and well-deserving, might succeed his Brother in the Bishoprick, and so make some provision for his Children. The King thought very well of Doctor Davenant, not only for his singular abilities and labours in the University, but for his pains also, and service in the Synod of Dort against Arminius; and it was looked on as a deed of charity, and so believed he would carry it, and be the man.
But this created Master Prestons cares; Doctor Davenant had been his constant and faithfull Friend, and given countenance upon all occa∣sions to him and all his Pupils. But now who should succeed? and where should Master Preston find another shelter? The Fellows for the most part were not his Friends, envied his numbers, and great re∣lations, and there was no man like so to befriend him. Besides, the Mar∣garet-Professors place would be void also by this remove, and ma∣ny able stirring Batchelors in Divinity, proposed unto him that place, and assured him the Election would be easily carried for him.
The truth is, he had no great hope to do any great good in the Election of the Master of the Colledge, and one Doctor Mansel being named, a very moderate good-natured man, he let that care fall, and was more anxious about the Professors place; for though sound doctrine in the University was of much use, yet English preaching was like to work more, and win more souls to God.
He alwaies highly valued, and frequently consulted with Master Dod; and he perswaded English preaching, as that wherein God was more immediately served, and said, there were others that might sup∣ply the University in the Professors place, that either could not, or would not labour mens Conversion. And indeed the Master of Sidney-Col∣ledge Doctor Ward, a vast Scholar, was then in view and nomination for the Professors place; yet Master Preston was so solicited by honest men, that he knew not what to do: Two things he thought he wanted to enable him. The one was a Latine tongue, the other a Latine style; in both which, by reason of desuetude, he was unready. For his style therefore, he resolves upon an exact and logical Analysis of all the E∣pistles, which would actuate and exercise his style, and acquaint him with the Scripture-phrase and language; and if he were called to be Professour, might serve for Lectures in the Schooles; which work he
immediately applied himself unto, and very happily compleated a work of great pains unto him, and in it self of great worth; but being Latine, and written only with his own ill hand, was not thought popular enough to come abroad, but lieth in the dark.
For the exercising of his Latine tongue, he resolves a journey into the Netherlands, where he should have much occasion of speaking La∣tine, and see those Colledges and Universities; but there was no tra∣velling beyond Sea, without a License under the hands of Privy-Coun∣sellors; this he procures among his Friends with all the secrecy that could be, and a great while before he meant to use it, that he might conceale it from the Colledge and University; but this his secrecy be∣gat suspition that there was some plot. Velle putant quodcunque potest: It is not safe for men to have abilities. It was resented so much the more, because no Clergy man was made acquainted with it, and the opinion was, that something was brewing against Episcopacy. This they were sure of, that Amsterdam was in the Netherlands, and ever had been fa∣tal to the Hierarchy. The Lord Keeper then was Bishop Williams, he sees this plague afar off, Prov. 22.3. and provides a Messenger to go along unknown to Master Preston, that should observe and give intelli∣gence weekly of all that passed: Integer vitae scelerisque purus, non eget Jaculis nec arcu. A breast-plate of righteousnesse is a better guard then a shirt or coat of male. It was Davids uprightnesse that did preserve him, Psal. 25.21. so was it Master Prestons, for he knew nothing of this attendance, till after his return, but gave out in the Colledge, and among his Pupils, that he would go the next Vacation into Kent, to visit Sir Richard Sands, and drink if he saw cause, the Tunbridge waters, con∣cludes to take one of his Pupils with him, a Yorkshire Gentleman, Sir Henry Slingsbys Sonne and Heir; and did accordingly acquaint his Fa∣ther and make Provision for it long before. The time came,* 1.20 and he goes into Kent, and is received in the passage boat for Rotterdam, in the garb and notion of a Gentleman, with his skarlet cloak and gold hat∣band, and all things answerable; and so goes over all the Provinces, both Protestant and Popish, where there was any thing observable, and encounters frequently with divers Priests and Jesuites, professing himself a Protestant Gentleman that was willing to find out the truth, and try all Tenents, and accordingly was courted by them very much, and solicited to be a Papist; and they gave him very many popish Books, and so he came back into Kent, and to the Colledge at the time appointed, unknown to any in the Colledge, but only one of his Pupils, from whom he seldome concealed any thing. He was no sooner set∣led in the Colledge, but a rumour flies abroad, that Master Preston had been beyond the Seas; he shewed them that it was incredible, and won∣ders at their sillinesse, that they would beleeve so unlikely a relation; the matter was not great, now all was past, and so it rested doubtfull and undetermined.
He had a long time been successefull in the way of Pupils, but Do∣ctor Davenants leaving of the Colledge troubled him. A great Tutor,
hath much occasion to use the Masters influence, for accommodation and advancement of his Pupils, which now he saw he could not promise un∣to himself; and it fell out much about this time, that Doctor Dunn, Preacher at Lincolns-Inne died, and some in that society proposed that Master Preston might be tried whether he were willing to accept that place for Tearm time: He was himself, neither carelesse, nor cracking of his good name: Famae nec incuriosus, nec venditator. But it was much grown by reason of his successe in the conflicts and encounters he had at Court. It was some refreshing unto honest men, that Master Pre∣ston, so resolute, and constant in the waies of God, was yet the Prince his Chaplin, and helped forward the desire of these men; it suted with him, to have an opportunity to exercise his Ministry in a considerable and in∣telligent Congregation, where he was assured, many Parliament men, and others of his best acquaintance would be his hearers;* 1.21 and where in Tearm time, he should be well accommodated, so he consented and un∣dertook the place; the Chappel then was very little, and at the first, the numbers that attended on his Ministry, besides their own society, were few, but when the Chappel was new built, as now it is, the numbers were exceeding great, that were his constant hearers, and foundations laid, that will not easily be ruined.
This was some ease unto his grieved mind, for Doctor Dave∣nants leaving of the Colledge and University; but filled not his great capacity and large desire of doing good; the Colledge he gave over in his thoughts, but not the University, where his Preaching was much resented, and made great impressions; and though at Lincolns-Inne he had Gown-men to be his Hearers, yet they were not like to propagate and spread it. A Preacher in the University, doth generare patres, beget begetters, and transmit unto posterity, what God is pleased to reveal to him; In a word, doth what the Apostle doth en∣joyn, 2 Tim. 2.2. and he of all men, thirsted after opportunities of doing service, and might well say with the Spouse, that he was sick of love, Cant. 2.5.
Some of the Fellows of Emanuel Colledge were very eminent for parts and learning, yet clouded and obscured, (as they thought) by an opinion that lay upon the Colledge, that they were Puritans, that is, not only Godly and Religious, (for so they were, and were content to be esteemed) but non-conformists, and averse to Government; for which cause there had been lately some alteration made, both in their Chappel, and manner of their diet; they thought therefore, if they could prevail with Doctor Chaderton their present Master, to resign, who was establisht in it by the Founder, and named in the Statute, but was grown very old, and had out-lived many of those great relations, which he had be∣fore, they might perhaps procure that Master Preston might succeed him, and bring the Colledge into reputation, being a good man, and yet a Courtier, the Prince his Chaplin, and very gracious with the Duke of Buckingham. But this was sooner said then done, the old Doctor was exceeding wary and jealous not only of his own disparagement, but espe∣cially
of the good and welfare of that brave foundation that had grown and flourished under his Government so long; for if it were but known that he were out, there were divers lay in wait to get a Man∣date, and come in against their minds; a fresh example whereof they had lately seen in their next neighbours, Christs Colledge, where after Master Pemberton was chosen, Doctor Carew Dean of Exeter, was forced on them, and did all he could to mould a new, and alter the consti∣tution and genius of the Colledge. But the Fellows answered, that this might be better hindered and prevented whilest he was alive, then at his death; for his resignation might be carried privately, but his death could not, and if all the Fellows were content, the Election might be past be∣fore the resignation were discovered; and so they promised to found and try the judgment of the other Fellows, and then repair again unto him.
There were two things in the Colledge that (in their Opinions) greatly pinched them. The one was the Statute for attendance and continuance whilst they were Fellows, so that they had not opportunity to live in Noble-mens Houses, or take Lectures to exercise their Mini∣stry, and make themselves known unto such as had it in their power to prefer them. Another was the Statute of departing at such a stand∣ing, whether they were provided or not provided; and there was then a fresh example in Doctor Traverse, a man of great worth, yet forced to sojourn as a Fellow-Commoner in Christs Colledge untill he could be better accommodated; the Fellows therefore were easily induced to affect this change; for they thought Master Preston might be an instru∣ment by reason of his great acquaintance, either to get some mitigation of the Statute, or procure more livings to be annexed to the Colledge for their preferment.
So they returned to the old man, and told him that the Fellows were all agreed, and ready to do what he should prescribe, and it rested now in him to prevent the danger that did threaten, not only them in their particular concernments, but the growing good and welfare also of the Colledge. The poor man wist not what to do; to out-live the Master∣ship he thought was to out-live himself, and to go into his grave alive; yet he honoured and loved Master Preston very much, and could not an∣swer that dilemma of the Colledge-safety; therefore he told them he would not be wanting to the Colledge-good, but it concerned them as well as himself, to provide they were not cheated, and another forced on them, whether they would or not; and therefore desired that Master Preston might be requested to deal with his Friends at Court, and procure some promise that there should be no Mandate granted, in case his re∣signation should be known; he told them likewise how unprovided he was for maintenance, when that was gone, and how unseemly it would be for him now in his old age for to want, and therefore desired he might be taken in this particular into consideration. But Master Preston quickly eased the old man of all these fears, by procuring a Letter from the Duke of Buckingham in these words.
Sir,
* 2.1I Have moved his Majesty, concerning Master Preston's succeeding of you, in the Mastership of Emanuel Colledge, who is not only willing, but is also graciously pleased to recommend him to the place in especial manner before any other; so that in making this way for him, you shall do a very ac∣ceptable thing to his Majesty, as also to the Prince his Master, of which I am likewise to give you notice, and to put you out of all doubt, that another may be thrust upon you; you shall not need to fear any thing, in regard that from his Majesty there will be no hinderance to his succession; and for that point of supply of maintenance, I shall (as I promised) take care for to procure it, when fit occasion shall be offered; so taking kindly what you have done, I rest.
Theobalds, Sept. 20. 1622.
Your very loving Friend, G. Buckingham.
When the Doctor had received and read this Letter, he was in all things satisfied, as to the Court, but they all knew that Doctor Traverse lay in wait for this preferment; for being outed by the Statute at E∣manuel Colledge, he sojourned at Christs Colledge as Fellow-Commo∣ner, and presumed either by his Friends at Court, to get a Mandate, or be chosen in the Colledge by a party of the Fellows, whom he thought his own; therefore great care was taken to keep all secret, and though the Statute do ordain a vacancy of seven daies, and notice by a Schedule passed upon the Chappel-door, yet such was the concurrent uniform agreement of all the Fellows, that it was not discovered to any of the Scholars untill the day of Election; and because there is a Sacrament to be immediately before it; they were constrained to lock up all the gates that none might come in or go out till it was past; and then two of the Fellows were dispatcht to Queens Colledge, to acquaint Master Preston with what they had done,* 2.2 and to desire that at two of the Clock he would repair unto the Colledge to be admitted, and undertake the charge.
It was strange news at Queens, and all the Colledge were much af∣fected with it, wondering extreamly that such a great transaction should be carried with so much secrecy, and that amongst Master Prestons twelve Disciples (as they called them) there should be never a Judas but all concentre in it; but there was order given presently, that all the Scholars should be ready against two of the clock that day, to attend Master Preston and the Fellows to Emanuel Colledge, in habits suitable unto their several qualities, which was done accordingly; and a very goodly company attended him from Queens unto Emanuel, where they were cheerfully received and entertained according to the custome, with a generous and costly banquet, and then returned unto Queens again; but left Master Preston, the prop and glory of it, at Emanuel.
In the plantation of Emanuel Colledge at the first, the godly Foun∣der, took great care to store his Colledge with godly and able Fellows
from all the other Colledges, and some were after added that were emi∣nent; but now a Master is bestowed, God in mercy hath enabled that good society to pay their debts, by sending not only Members, but also Heads into very many of the other Colledges, so as they may now well say, Quae regio in terris nostri non plena laboris.
Sir Walter Mildmay their Noble and Religious Founder, was wont to say unto his Friends, that he had set an Acorn, that might perhaps in time become an Oak; blessed be God our eyes have seen it, not only grown and flourishing, but fruitfull, seasonable showers, a great pro∣motion unto a new plantation, and earnest Prayers unto God, a special means to bring these down, of which I think no Colledge ever had more, which in these last years have returned a glorious Harvest; to God be praise.
This news ran swiftly all the Kingdom over, and was received as men were affected. Good men were glad that honest men were not abhorred, as they had been, at the Court, and presaged much of that in∣largement and deliverance, which we have lived to see; The Cour∣tiers made full account that he was theirs, and would mount up from one step to another, untill he were a prelate; especially the Duke of Buckingham, who from this time seemed sincerely to affect him, Mul∣tum fuit ad amorem, dedisse beneficium, thought he had given earnest and could not be defrauded of the purchase. The Earl of Pembroke, and the Countesse of Bedford had a great interest in him, and he in them; and all men looked on him as upon a rising man, and respected him ac∣cordingly. As for Lincolns-Inne, they made account they had a special influence into this honour, as having first expressed their good opinion of him, and there was an honest godly old man, one of the Benchers, Ma∣ster Ayres, that upon hearing of the news, would needs be young again, and make an Anagram upon his name, though he was uncertain how he wrote it in Latine, for he had seen it written divers waies. Being there∣fore resolute, and loath to misse it, he resolves to write it both waies, as he that used to say his Prayers in Latine and English, that both might not fail, and so first he wrote it, Johannes Prestonius with this Anagram, En stas pius in honore: And this distitch:
Doctrina, ingenium, virtus tua, praemia poscunt; En dedit Emanuel, stas in honore pius.
But lest this should be mistaken, he writes it Johannes Prestonus: with this Anagram, Se nosse, non tupiar. And this distitch:
Turpia non novisse, bonum; se nosse, beatum: Ista doces alios, sed prius ipse facis.
The rest of that Society rejoyced, that their Lecturer was Master of Emanuel, and took occasion to expresse it according to their several dis∣positions and relations, when he came to them in the Tearm, which shortly followed. There was one thing in the Colledge-Statutes that greatly troubled him; and that was that the Masters absence from the Colledge was confined to a moneth in every quarter, and he saw not how he could attend at Court, and preach at Lincolns-Inne in Tearm time, but
he should transgresse; but the Fellows soon consented to an interpre∣tation, that absolved him from the rigid sense, there being in the Sta∣tute a double liberty; first that in case of violent detention it should not hold; they resolved that not only a natural, but also a moral violence was to be understood. The other was, that in case of Colledge-businesse he should not be esteemed absent. Now the Colledge was at that time in suit for a Living in the West, of good value, with one Master Ewins, a Gentleman in the Parish, who had bred up a younger Sonne to be a Scholar, in relation to that Living; and therefore contended for it, as it had been his own Inheritance; and when he was worsted at Common-Law, prefers a Bill in Chancery, and thought by mony to carry it a∣gainst the Colledge-right. Bishop Williams the Lord-Keeper then, was his great Friend, and when after many delayes it came at last to hearing, would not allow the Counsell for the Colledge to speak; Master Preston being present, craved leave to speak in the cause himself, but was not only silenced, but severely reprehended for it; it was Trinity-Tearm, and the plague was very hot in London, so that Michaelmas Tearm was wholly adjourned, and the next Tearm was proclaimed at Redding, and the Records removed thither; but before that, the Lord-Keeper was removed from his Throne, and Sir Thomas Coventry, one of the Colledge-Council that were not permitted before to speak, succeeded him; by whose integrity and justice, the Colledge was restored to their right, which ever since they have enjoyed, and so his following the Colledge businesse excused his absence all his time.
Being therefore now established, and greatly minding the good thereof, he observed that the Scholars kept Acts but seldome, and ac∣cordingly when they came unto it, performed it but meanly; he there∣fore advised with the Fellows in it, and after many consultations, it was resolved that the number of Acts should be in a manner doubled, of those under Masters of Art, which was a great advancement to learning of all sorts in the Colledge.
About this time Sir Arthur Chichester, afterward an Irish Baron, was chosen to go Embassadour into Germany, about the Palatinate affairs, and Master Preston was by the Duke of Buckingham and other Friends, designed to go along with him; he did not greatly fancy the employ∣ment, but would not contradict; only it was considered, that though he was the Prince his Chaplain, and Master of a Colledge, yet he was not Doctor, which they thought might sound ill abroad, and reflect upon his Master, and there was not time to go unto it, in the ordinary way of Acts and Exercises, therefore a Mandate was addressed to the Vice-Chancellour and Heads, that forasmuch as Master Preston was to wait upon my Lord Ambassadour, and could not in so short a time perform his Acts, he should be forthwith admitted Doctor in Divinity, that he might be ready to attend the service, which was done accordingly with all alacrity.
Being therefore thus engaged, and not knowing what might befall
him in the voyage, he resolved to settle his temporal estate before he went. He was not willing to be accounted rich; would often say, Manifestus thesaurus citò expenditur. And therefore though he had great Incomes from his Pupils, and was not Prodigal, yet he was not Master of his money; for he had been advised to adventure in the East-India Company, then newly set up, and because estates there were invisible, he was the willinger, but by that means wanted money; for there was paying for many years, but no returns; yet there was hope it might at last come in, and so it did without diminuti∣on of the principal, but not in his life-time. Therefore he thought it needfull to make a legall disposition of his estate by Will, and so he did, and named a very Honourable person his Executor, who lived to enjoy that money as well as other by vertue of it. But the voy∣age came to nothing; for Sir Arthur did not go as he intended, yet this was his last Will, and according to it all was enjoyed, though he made additions by way of request or direction, which were accordingly per∣formed.
It was ever his ambition not to be mercenary in his Ministry, but at liberty to preach where he might do most good, without relation or respect unto the wages; and he considered that the Master of Emanuel could have no Living that had cure of souls annexed, and therefore was willing to give ear unto the sollicitations of the Townsmen, who great∣ly prest him to be their Lecturer at Trinity-Church; for they had ap∣plied themselves to Doctor Andrews Bishop of Ely, and propounded to him Master Jeffries, one of the Fellows of Pembroke-Hall; and he had given way, and Master Jeffries did preach at Trinity some years, but was desirous of a more setled condition, and had desired Doctor Preston to procure him to be Chaplain unto some Noble-man, that was like to help him to a Living, which was a very easie thing for him to do, having so much interest in many great ones; so he pitched upon Mar∣quesse Hamilton, who presently admitted Master Jeffries, Chaplain to him, and shewed him much respect, as well for Doctor Prestons sake, as for his own, and long it was not before a Living fell, namely the Recto∣ry of Dun-mow in Eessex, which the Marquesse procured and bestowed upon his Chaplain Master Jeffries; for he had not then commenced Doctor, and by that means the Lecture at Trinity was shortly to be void.
The Townsmen made account that now they had what they desired, namely an opportunity to settle Doctor Preston in the Lecture at Trini∣ty; and great care was taken to increase the stipend from fourty or fifty pounds per annuum unto fourscore, that the Doctor might have twenty pounds a quarter paid him; for they thought the former inconsider∣able, not knowing what principles the Doctor lived by; and when they had effected that, they employed some of the chief to propose the mat∣ter to the Doctor very solemnly; who was easily perswaded to accept their offer, without relation to the stipend; but there was one of the Fellows of Sidney-Colledge, Master Middlethwite that put in for it, and
though few or none of the Contributors or Townsmen sided with him, yet he procured Letters from the Bishop of Ely, and ingaged all his friends, both in the Court and University, that it came unto a very great contest. Doctor Preston who was offered any Bishoprick he would re∣solve on, and told at Royston by the Duke of Buckingham, that the Bi∣shoprick of Glocester was then void, contends with Master Middle∣thwite to be Lecturer at Trinity-Church, for a stipend of fourscore pounds per annum, as the upshot of all his hopes, and fruit of all his great atchievments at the Court; and the contention was so great on all sides, that it could not be concluded by any mediation, but was referred to an hearing at Royston before King James, who was really against the Doctors preaching in the University, the conse∣quence whereof he well saw, and was informed fully of. I confesse I often wondered why Master Middlethwite, an eminent Scholar, and like enough to get preferment, as afterwards it's known he did, should stickle for so small an opportunity to preach, against the inclination and disposition of the Townsmen; untill I under∣stood that he was set on by the Prelatical Heads, who told him that it was a service acceptable to the King, and he should be re∣warded for it. At the time appointed it came unto an hearing, and an Argument was urged against the Doctor namely; that it was a Lecture maintained by six-pences, a thing unseemly for a Master of a Colledge and the Prince his Chaplain; but the Duke had taken care that nothing should be ordered and concluded against the Doctors mind; for the Duke resolved not to lose him, so the meeting was dis∣solved and nothing done; but that night, Sir Edward Contvey then Secretary, invited Doctor Preston to supper, and after supper told him, that the King had ordered him to tell him, that if he would give over his pursuance of that Lecture, and let the Heads dispose of it, he should make his choice of any other preferment, that was more honour∣able and profitable for him; but the Doctors end was to do good, not to get good; the Kings, to make him uselesse, and divide him from the Puritans. The Duke was more indifferent, who laboured in him to win and gratifie the Puritans, whose power in Parliament was now grown very formidable; therefore when nothing else would con∣tent him, he was confirmed Lecturer at Trinity-Church, the last pre∣ferment he ever had, where he preached after all his time, and did much good.
The Duke had now obliged Doctor Preston in the judgment and opinion of all the honest Party, and much displeased the Prelatical; and he saw apparently that King James approved not his siding with him; yet he was more expresse then ever in his affections to him, and freenesse with him. He had indeed a very happy and rare composure of sweetnesse and solidity, would play and dally with the King, as if he were a woman, and yet enquire, and apprehend, and argue counsels and debates of State, as if a Burleigh or a Walsingham: saw clearly the affe∣ctions of the King were fading, which the Puritans (though never so
much his Friends,) could not repair, and therefore eyed and adored the rising Sun, who now was grown, and fit for marriage, but no Prepara∣tives to find a Consort for him. He knew the Spanish match was but a colour, and a Treaty dandled between Bristol and King James, to fool the Prince off, and shut his eares against the French proposals. This he discovers to the Prince, tels him Kings did not love an Heir apparent, how near soever; that the daughter of Spain was designed to a Monastery, and kept for a reserve unto the house of Austria; that in France there was a Lady much before her; that if he pleased, he would wait upon him into Spain in a disguise, and take the French Court in their way, and see that Lady, and so discover Bristols, and his fathers jugling; the Prince resents and hugs this overture. They tell King James, the Earl of Bristol and the Spanish Ministers abused him; that it was time to bring that Treaty to some Conclusion, desire they might go into Spain, and play the game out.
The King saw who had ploughed with his Heifer, feared, (as he was apt to do) a check-mate; yet for the present urgeth only his affections to them both, and asketh them how he should subsist so long, without their companies? But they persisting, signes a Warrant with his own hand for Jack Smith, and Tom Smith, with each of them a servant and their horses to go beyond-Sea.
The Duke even now was not unmindfull of Doctor Preston, but leaves order with the Dutchesse and Countesse of Denbigh, to be carefull for him; and Sir Ralph Freeman having a child to baptize, Doctor Pre∣ston is intreated for to preach, and the Dutchesse and Countesse were both Gossips, who shewed to the Doctor very great respect, and gave him hopes of doing good; and some he did, for he procured by their means, Master Hildershams liberty, and restitution to his place at Ashby de la zouch, and gave great hopes unto good Ministers of fairer times, then had been formerly; only he would relate with much regret, that he often found Doctor Laud, then Bishop of Saint Davids with them, and therefore doubted of the issue and event.
The Doctor saw by the debates about the Lecture, that he had ene∣mies as well as friends at Court; that the Duke was mutable, as well as mortal; knew that the King abhorred that journey into Spain, and would remember it, if able: Dulcis inexperto; cultura potentis amici expertus metuit. And therefore though now he were setled and assured in the University, yet would not leave his Lecture at Lincolns-Inne; but being still in London in the Tearm-time, about the Colledge-businesse, con∣tinued Preacher at Lincolns-Inne, and thought it might be a good reserve, in case the naughty Heads or Factions in the Court should fall upon him; and it was well he did, for the Prince and Duke returned the next Octo∣ber, highly offended with the Spanish gravity, and both they and all their train did nothing but tell stories of the Spanish basenesse; so a Par∣liament was called, and the Duke cryed up by all the godly Party in the Kingdome. The Spanish Agent at the Court had order from his Master out of Spain, for to defie him and protest against him at the
Counsel-Table, but seriously he could not have done him a greater courtesie, for the people universally did hate the Spaniard, and now the Duke became the peoples Martyr. I have seen Verses made in his de∣fence and commendation; and Agents presently dispatched in France, to treat of that Match. King James liked not this stuff, but the Prince was able now to go alone, and especially when he had the Duke for one of his Supporters; all things are fairly carried for Religion, and the Duke of Buckhingham, the Princes and peoples Favourite. The people seemed now to have the better, and the Court-affairs for to decline and droop. Doctor Preston like another Mordecai was very great, the Prince his Master, and the Duke his Friend, and the Courti∣ers eyes upon him, because they saw he came not thither for preferment, as all men else. Pisoni in imperium adoptato nihil in vultu mutatum, quasi magis imperare posset, quam vellet. His honours altered nothing in him, but gave encouragement to all the godly Party; and his Ser∣mons at Lincolns-Inne much wrought upon the Parliament, so that a bold Petition was contrived and presented to the King at Whitehall, from both Houses of Parliament, April 23. 1624. against the spread∣ing and increase of Popery, and the Indulgence given unto Priests and Jesuites. King James was in the evening of his glory; his Party in the Court under a cloud; another Sun almost in view, and the 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, or day-star already risen, and accordingly he answered warily to their Petition, bewails his want of information, as the reall ground of this their trouble, which otherwise he had prevented; acknowledged that whilest the Treaties lasted with Spain and Austria, he was obliged to comply; but now both being broken off, he would be rigid and severe against the Priests and Jesuites; bids them find out a way for to restrain the growth of Popery, and he would second them; but resolves to pay the Duke of Buckingham for all this, and gives order to the Earl of Bristol to prepare an information for that end; but the Match with France, and other intervenient accidents obstruct it, for the present.
The Duke having told tales out of School, and broken off the Match with Spain, was much obliged to further and promote the French, which he did seriously excuse to Doctor Preston, upon this ground, that there was not any Protestant for to be had: and for to marry with a subject had alwaies been unlucky and fatal to the Kings of England; that the French would not be ridged in religious observations, but the Doctor constantly opposed; only acknowledged this difference, that Spanish Popery was an absolute ingredient to their intended Western Monarchy, but French was not so, and so this was lesse evil.
But the French found out this obligation, and were untractable, un∣lesse the Duke would aid the King of France against the Rochellers: This was a hard chapter for one so much obliged unto the Puritans and Doctor Preston, and he therefore declined all he could, but nothing else would serve, and he knew King James lay ready to take advantages,
so in Conclusion, eight Ships were granted to oppose the Rochel-fleet, and many colours sought to cloude it, and hide it from the world, but from that time Doctor Preston doubted of the Saint-ship of the Duke of Buckingham, whom otherwise he honoured and loved very much.
But it was high time for the Duke to look about him; King James was not to learn now how for to play his Game, he was an old, but not a foolish King, Eccl. 4.13. and therefore failed not to make Pro∣vision, and lay rods in pisse, that he might use upon occasion. Kings use for to account an ague in the Spring their Physick, yet Physick till March be past is not good, but this ague antidates the moneths, and comes in February. The King was then at Theobalds, and the Ague was made but small account of. He feared death, but was the most impati∣ent and disordered of any living, what rules soever the Physicians gave, he would observe none; which intemperance might very well occasion the growing, strength and vigour of the disease, which howsoever more and more increased, and at last began to be considerable, then he be∣gan to take advice and to submit to rules, but now it was too late; for March 27. 1625. on the Lords day in the morning, about ten of the clock at Theobalds the King dies. Doctor Preston then attended in his moneth, and was sometimes hastened to the Prince to comfort him, and sometimes to the Duke; and indeed it was a very mournfull morning. Death is a serious thing, and knocks alike at Pallaces as at the meanest Cottage. King James was very much beloved of all his servants; some of the Huntsmen could not be gotten from him; the Prince and Duke were both of them retired and wept exceedingly. But Sir Edward Conwey and some of the Lords drew up a Wiring, and pro∣claimed Charles Steward King, with all his Titles; and hast was made to pack away to London. The Prince and Duke, and Doctor Preston in Coaches shut down, hasten to White-hall, and there he is proclaimed again with more formalities, and the Lord Maior and the City sent to, where it was done with much solemnity, and great rejoycing of the people; for the Prince had that exceeding happinesse to come upon the stage unprejudiced. For he had never interposed nor acted, but in the Spanish businesse, and that succeeded to his great advantage; so that if he listed he might have been as popular as ever any were.
This fall occasions many alterations in the Court; the Bishops generally, and Doctor Prestons enemies, and all that had contend∣ed with the Duke were Crest-fallen. King James was like e∣nough to have out-lived the Duke of Buckingham, who had been very sick since his return from Spain, but all is altered, and the Duke does all.
But he had many things to do; the affronts received in Madrid, and at the Counsel-table by the Agent, were to be sent back by a puissant and mighty Navy, and Provisions made accordingly. King James to be interr'd; a Parliament to be summoned; the French Lady to be
sent for, and brought into England, which the Duke especially intend∣ed, and spake to all the Gallants of his Retinue to attend him, and to many other of the Gentry and Nobility throughout the Kingdome. But he found it hard thus in the morning of the Kings affairs to be a∣broad, there being then a Parliament, and the sicknesse much encrea∣sing in the City, so he was constrained to employ the Earl of Holland, and attend himself at home. All were not gratified in this great revo∣lution and mutation of affairs, and the discontented Party murmured, and let flie at the Duke, and the sicknesse much encreasing, began to make a mutiny, and it was much desired that the Parliament might be pro∣rogued till some other more healthfull and lesse dangerous time. But the Navy against the Spaniards, and the pressing wants of all sorts that de∣pended on the Court would not permit; so it was only adjourned to Oxford; yet there the sicknesse was as soon as they, and some of their Members smarted for it, but hast was made to gratifie the new King, and the Provisions for the Navy went forward, many men ingaged, and the King resolved to attend that businesse, as admitting no de∣lay.
There was one thing that invited Doctor Preston to a journey that year, and that was a strong suspition that the plague was in the town, in which case there is a liberty to dissolve the Colledge, without any de∣triment unto the Officers and Members of it. He was not willing to omit the opportunity, because he had many invitations into the West. The Bishop of Salisbury he desired to consult withall, about a Book of Master Montagues, that was commended to him by the Duke of Buck∣ingham to peruse and give his sense upon it. Master Shervil the Recor∣der of Salisbury was a Bencher of Lincolns-Inne, and a very good friend of his; he had divers Friends at Dorchester, and was desirous to be sea-sick, and was still enticed forward, and at last resolved to wait upon the King and Duke, at Plimmouth, whether they were gone to see the Navy set sayl. Whilest he was there, the Rochel fleet was broken by those ships the King lent, and Mounsieur Sabeeza came into Falmouth with the remainder, and thence to Plimmouth, with most lamentable out-cries against the Duke, who seemed to be very much affected with it, and made mighty Promises of wonderfull repairs, but Doctor Preston failed not to set that businesse home, he did believe the Duke was over-ruled to lend them, and sorry when he saw the sad effects.
But whilest the Duke was thus detained in the West, the Earl of Bristol and the Lord Keeper Williams combined against him, and drew in many to their Party, among others the Earl of Pembroke, and divers great ones in the House of Commons, and was so incouraged and heartned in it, that the Earl of Bristol, May 1. 1626. preferred in the House of Lords twelve Articles against the Duke of Buckingham, tending to prove, That the Duke had promised unto the Pope and Mini∣sters of Spain, to make the King a Papist; and over-ruled him, against the judgment of the Earl of Bristol, to write unto the Pope with the title of
Sanctissime Pater; That his carriage in the matters of Religion was so of∣fensive, that he stuck not to kneel before the Host as often as he met it; That he was so licentious and unchast in his behaviour, that the Spanish Mini∣sters resolved not to have any thing to do with him; That when he could not bring about the Match to his own particular advantage, he used means to obstruct it and break it off; That he had informed King James of all these things, who promised to hear him, and leave the offender unto Justice, and that not many daies before his sicknesse.
The Duke had now reason to look about him, and was very able so to do, and first he labours to divide the Party by drawing off the Earl of Pembroke, by promising his Daughter to the Earl of Mountgomeries Sonne, which afterward he did accomplish, then he endeavoured to oblige the Puritans, by gratifying Doctor Preston all the waies he could, and particularly in the businesse of the Colledge-suit, by depri∣ving Bishop Williams of the Seal, and giving it to Sir Thomas Coventry, who was one of the Colledge-counsel; yea he went so far as to nomi∣nate the Doctor to the King to be Lord Keeper, and the King was so firm to him, that the Earl of Bristol could do no good, and so withdrew his Articles.
Doctor Prestons Friends were Newters all this while, and looked on, neither engaged for him, nor against him, which was sadly represented to the Duke by the Bishops and that Party, who wondered he should dote upon a man that either could not or would not own him in his need, bad him consider whether Puritans were like to be his Friends, whose waies were toto coelo different, and told him plainly he could not have them both. If he adhered to those that sought their ruine, they must adhere to such as would support them: so that the Duke was in a great strait, and knew not what to do.
Doctor Preston also was importuned to put it to an issue, and if he would not leave the rotten and corrupted Clergy, then to leave him, and because there had been informations against that Book of Master Mountagues, they propounded it might come to a debate, and not re∣main as now it it did, unsetled. The Doctor and the Duke were both of them unwilling to an open breach, loved for to temporise and wait upon events. But Doctor Prestons friends would not be satisfied, but urged a conference, whereunto they were incouraged by some Orthodox and very learned Bishops, and at last it was concluded by two religious Noble-men, that a conference there should be, the Bishop of Rochester and Doctor White then Dean of Carlisle, on the one side, and the Bishop of Coventry and Litchfield, and Doctor Preston on the other. A day was set, a Satturday in Hillary-Tearm, at four of the clock in the afternoon, the place was York-house, and Doctor Preston sent to in the morning for to attend it. The Noble-men came unto the Bishops lodgings, about two of the clock, and sent for Doctor Preston to them, who gave many reasons why he could not go, but they were resolute, and taking the Bishop with them went without him; but the Doctor considering, and fearing his absence might betray the cause, and give encouragement un∣to
the other side, went afterward himself unto the place, and sate by as an hearer silent untill all was done; but talking afterwards occasionally of falling from grace, the Bishop shewed that a godly man might go far and yet return, by the instance of the Prodigal, Luk. 15. but Doctor White exclaimed against any that should think the Prodigal in acts of drunkennesse and whoredome not to be fallen from grace, and urged that of the Apostle, Rom. 1.32. That those that do such things are worthy of death, that is, said he, in a state of everlasting death, and therefore fallen from grace; so 1 Cor. 6.9, 10. shall not inherit the Kingdome of God; that is, are not sons, for if sons then heirs, Rom. 8.17.
But Doctor Preston answered, that these sins made indeed a forfei∣ture of all their interest into the hands of God, and he might make the seisure if he pleased, but did not unto those which were his children, and in Covenant with him; as two Tennants, by not paying of their Rent, or keeping Covenants forfeited their Leases, yet the Lord might seize the one, and not the other, as he pleased. But the Bishop and the Dean both cried out, this was the way to all licentiousness and looseness. To which the Doctor answered, That the seed of God, as the Apostle calls it, 1 Joh. 3.9. remained in the sinning Saint, or Sonne, and would repair him; as in water, there remains a principle of cold, even when it boyl∣eth over, that will undoubtedly reduce it, when the heat and fire is re∣moved, as in Peter, David, Sampson, and others, was apparent; so that they could not run out into all licentiousnesse, for the spirit lusted against the flesh, that they cannot do the things they would, Gal. 5.17. and though he did not disinherit them, and blot their names out of the Book of life, Phil. 4.3. yet he might, and would withdraw his favour, imbitter all their comforts, Mat. 26.75. raise trouble to them from their dear∣est interests, 2 Sam. 12.11. fill them with anguish, Psal. 38.3, 4. which in reason will keep them from running out, seeing the evil is com∣mensurable unto that good of pleasure or profit their sinne afforded; and if need be, he can adde unto it eternal apprehensions, and make them feel the fiercenesse of his anger, Psal. 88.6, 7. without any hope of being eased; and after this can restrain and withhold them, as he did Abimelech, Gen. 20.6. For if one cease to be a Sonne, be∣cause he commits a sinne that doth deserve eternal death, then every sinne a child of Gods commits, rends his relation or sonship off; for every sinne deserves eternal death, Rom. 6.23. and because in many things we offend all, Jam. 3.2. we should be alwaies out of sonship and have neither certainty nor comfort in our estate, unlesse he could give some ground out of Scripture, to assure what sinnes put us out, and what did not.
The Duke had sent to Doctor Preston to decline this clashing confe∣rence, and assured him he was as much his Friend as ever, and would have stopt it if he could, but the Bishops had over-ruled it, which the Doctor at the first believed, and so was backward. But when he saw the confidence of Doctor White and his Companion, he doubted the sincerity of that assurance, and was afterward informed, that there had
been a meeting at the Countesse of Denbies, and the Duke had promised to leave him; this gave him resolution and encouragement against the second conference, which was managed in a manner by him alone, against Master Mountague and Doctor White. For when the Doctor saw the Duke begun to double with him, he was less fearfull to offend him, though the Duke still carried it, with all the fairnesse that he could, and appeared not in person.
When the time came for the second Conference, the Doctor readily appeared; and the first thing he charged Master Mountague withall, was about his doctrine of Traditions, which he affirmed he had delievered as grosly and erroneously as any Papist, Gag. pag. 38, 39, 40. For he justfied that place in Bazil, where he saies, The doctrine retained in the Church, was delievered, partly by written instructions, partly by un∣written traditions, having both a like force unto Piety; which was so unlike to Bazil, and the opinions of those times, that it was generally believed to be put in by the Papists of later times. Master Moun∣tague confessed, it was suspected by some of the preciser cut; but Doctor Preston told him, Bishop Bilson was none of them, yet he did judge it supposititious; and it must be so, or Bazil acknowledged to be erroneous. For he instanceth in praying towards the East, and use of Chrisme or Oyl in Baptisme; both which being rejected by the Church of England, argues they held that place of Bazil not Ca∣nonical.
Master Mountague answered, that 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 there used by Saint Bazil, might signifie a thing that seemed so, and so the sense might be, that some things that seemed true, of lesse esteem and consequence, might be delivered by tradition, as long as matters more substantial were taken from the Scriptures. But Doctor Preston shewed that 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 signified oftentimes doctrine, and was used here by Bazil for those Heads of doctrine that were more principal, and lesse exposed, comparing them unto those places in the Temple, whereunto the people had not ac∣cesse.
Master Mountague answered farther, that his assertion was hypotheti∣cal, that if a doctrine came from the same author, it was no great matter, whether it were by writing or word of mouth, for either had the same authority. But Doctor Preston told him, Bazil was positive, and spake directly, and him he justified, and therefore could not be hypothetical, as he pretended.
It is a great step unto victory for to divide. Paul sets the Pharisees against the Sadduces, Act. 23.6, 7, 8. that he might save himself. The Jesuites are so good at it, that though they have but one to be their ad∣versary, they will endeavour to divide him from himself, by moving passion, or compassion, or some affection of his own against him. Doctor White had openly in the Commencement house, maintained that Electi∣on is not ex praevisis operibus, and therefore Doctor Preston resolved to pinch Master Mountague in that particular, that he might bereave him of his animating Champion Doctor White.
There were four several places that Doctor Preston had observed to make good this charge, the first which he produced, was Gag. pag. 179. Some Protestants hold, that Peter was saved, because God would have it so without respect unto his faith and obedience; and Judas dam∣ned, because God would have it so, without respect unto his sin. And added, this is not the doctrine of the Protestants, this is not the do∣ctrine of the Church, the Church of England hath not taught it, doth not believe it, hath opposed it.
Now Doctor White was very fierce and eager to engage, told him it was no doctrine of the Church of England, but a private fancy of some, that Judas was condemned, without respect unto his sin; for the wages of sin is death, Rom. 6.23. The soul that sinneth shall die, Ezek. 18.4. But Doctor Preston answered, he did not charge that upon Master Moun∣tague, but the former part of the assertion, that Peter was not saved, with∣out respect unto his believing and obedience, and so Election should not be absolute, but grounded upon faith and works foreseen. Then saith Dr. White, I have nothing against that, but leave Master Mountague to answer for himself.
Dr. Preston was glad that he was eased of Dr. White, and yet resol∣ved to make advantage of it, and therefore told Dr. White, if he thought Election was not ex fide Praevisâ, he desired to know whether saving grace were an effect, and fruit of Election, or no? Dr. White ac∣knowledged readily it was; then said Dr. Preston, Whosoever hath sa∣ving grace is Elected. Now you know than an Elect person, can never finally miscarry, or fall away; therefore whoever hath true grace, can never fall away. The old man saw the snare, and would have avoided it, by denying the consequence. But the Dr. urged, that wheresoever the Effect is, there must be the Cause, but Saving Grace is an Effect of Election. This Dr. White would have denyed, but the hearers murmured that the Effect could not be without the Cause, as the day is not without the presence of the Sun. Then Dr. White answered, that Saving Grace was an Effect indeed, but a common Effect. But Dr. Pre∣ston urged, that it was not more common then Election; for all the E∣lect had Saving Grace, and none but they; and therefore they could ne∣ver fall away. But this (said he) is by the way, I will now apply my self to Mr. Mountague.
But when Mr. Mountague perceived that his great Goliah Dr. White, forsook him, he was greatly troubled, and cavilled at the words a while, but the book adjudging it for Dr. Preston, he said, The Church of England had not declared any thing against it. Dr. Preston alledged the seventeenth Article, but told Master Mountague, that he affirm∣ed the Church of England did oppose it, and he desired to know where?
But after one of the Lords had whispered with Mr. Mountague, he confessed, that for Arminius, he had never read him, and that he had writ∣ten some things negligently in that book, which he never thought should thus be scanned among friends, and therefore promised to write
another book in Butter and Honey, and therein more exactly for to ac∣quit himself.
Some of the good Lords proposed, that in stead of this Book which Mr. Mountague had promised to write, the Synod of Dort might be re∣ceived and established as the doctrine of the Church of England, see∣ing there was nothing there determined, but what our Delegates approved. But Dr. White opposed this mainly; for (said he) the Church of England in her Catechism teacheth to believe in God the Sonne, who redeemed me and all mankind, which that Synod did deny.
Dr. Preston answered, That by Redemption there, was only meant the freeing of mankind from that inevitable ruine, the sin of Adam had involved them in, and making of them savable upon conditions of ano∣ther Covenant, Joh. 3.16, 17. so as now salvation was not impossible, as it was before the death of Christ, but might be offered unto any man, according to the tenor of that Commission, Mark. 16.15, 16. Which could not be unto the devils, for they were left in that forelorn condition, whereinto their sin and disobedience put them, Heb. 2.16. 2 Pet. 2.4. that the Jaylor was a boisterous bloody fellow, Act. 6.24, 27. yet Paul makes no doubt for to tell him, vers. 31. That if he believed on the Lord Jesus, he should be saved with his house.
But Dr. White in no sort received this, but affirmed earnestly, that Christ died for all alike in Gods intention and Decree, for Cain as well as Abel, for Saul as much as David, for Judas as much as Peter, for the reprobate and damned in hell, as well as for the Elect and Saints in heaven.
But Dr. Preston answered, That there was a speciall salvation afford∣ed to Believers, 1 Tim. 4.10. That Christ was indeed a ransome for all, 1 Tim. 2.6. but the Saviour only of his body, Eph. 5.23. that he re∣deemed all, but called, and justified, and glorified whom he knew before, and had predestinated to be conformed to the image of his Sonne, Rom. 8.29.30. that to whom in this sense Christ was given, to them were given also all things appertaining unto life and godlinesse, 2 Pet. 1.3. as faith, 2 Pet. 1.••. Phil. 1.29. Eph. 2.8. Repentance, Act. 11.18. 2 Tim. 2.25. A new heart, Ezek, 36.26. His Spirit, Gal. 4.5, 6. So that nothing can be charged on them, but Jesus Christ hath undertaken, and is en∣gaged to discharge them, Rom. 8.31, 32, 33, 34. So that they can never perish, nor be taken out of Christs hand, Joh. 10.28, 29, 30. but as they are begotten again unto a lively hope, 1 Pet. 1.3. so they are kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation, vers. 5. whereas Judas was lost, Joh. 17.12. and is gone to his own place, Act. 1.25. and there are many nations and people of the world, that have no outward offer made unto them in the Gospel, Psal, 147.19, 20. Act. 16.6, 7. and those that have it, have not hearts given them to understand it and believe it, Deut. 29.2, 3, 4. Esa. 6.9, 10. Mat. 13.13, 14, 15. and therefore they are lost, 2 Cor. 4.3, 4. and are damned, 2 Thes. 2.10, 11, 12. For he shewed that in Adam all men were lost, Rom. 5.12. and none recovered but by
Christ; therefore such as had not Christs intercession, could not re∣cover; but Christ prayed not for some, Joh. 17.9. and therefore such could not be saved, Heb. 7.25.
Dr. White acknowledged there was a difference; for though all had so much as by good improvement might serve their turn, yet the Elect had more, for God abounded towards them, Eph. 1.8, 9. Rom. 5.15, 17, 20. As all the Troop have horses, but the Officers have bet∣ter. Both Travellers have staves to leap over the ditch, but the one a better and stronger then the other. The worst had grace e∣nough to keep corruption, and the renitency of their natures down; but the Elect, such as would do it easily; for Christ had tasted death for e∣very man, Heb. 2.9. and died for those which yet might perish, 1 Cor. 8.11. and bought those, that yet brought upon themselves swift damnation, 2 Pet. 2.1. because they did not husband and improve the favour offered to them.
Dr. Preston answered, That Christ was in himself sufficient to save all, and might be said to be provided for that end and use, as a medicine is to cure infected persons, though it cure none actually, but those that drink it, as Prosper. Habet in se quod omnibus prosit, sed si non bibitur non medetur. As 1 Joh. 5.11, 12. but many did not thus apply Christ, because they had him not so offered and exhibited as others had, Mat. 11.21. Luk. 10.13. for God gave some faith and repentance as we have shewed; as the Serpent Moses was commanded for to make, was in it self sufficient to cure those that were bitten, Numb. 21.8, 9. yet cured none, but only those that looked on it. So as Moses lift up the Serpent in the wilderness, shall the Son of man be lift up, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have life everlasting, Joh. 3.14, 15.
But Dr. White urged that place Esa. 5.4. that God had done all he could, but they neglected and rejected the counsel of God against them∣selves, Luk. 7.30.
Dr. Preston answered, That God had done all that they could chal∣lenge of him, for he had given them in Adam power, Eccl. 7.29. and proposed another way of mercy in a Mediatour, and therefore he appeals to any one that was indifferent, Esa. 5.3. but this was unto Israel, he dealt not so with other nations, Psal. 149.20. Beside, he had done what he could, without reversing and rescinding his Decree, Joh. 12.38, 39, 40. for otherwise he could have given them the same spirit of faith, 2 Cor. 4.13. the like gift that he did unto others who believed on the Lord Jesus, Act. 11.17. could have wrought in them both to will and to do according to his good pleasure, Phil. 2.13. could have healed them as he promised, Esa. 57.18. and as he did persecuting Saul, 1 Tim. 1.6. but God had other ends, Rom. 9.17. and attributes, Rom. 9.22. which he was willing to discover, Prov. 16.4.
But Dr. White asked how then he could require faith and repentance, Mark. 1.15. Act. 17.30. which was all one, as if he should require one to give his judgment and opinion of a colour, that had his eyes shut, and then shut his eyes as fast as he could.
Dr. Preston answered, That he might do it to shew and discover our impotency, as we bid our little children rise, that by their own fault fell, that we may let them know their inability, and be the more beholding unto us to help them up, as Mark. 9.23, 24. and because the call and com∣mand of Christ is the Vehiculum and Conduit-pipe of strength and power, Act. 14.10. Joh. 5.8, 9. as Lazarus, Joh. 11.43, 44. Thus God by bidding and commanding men to take grace, doth thereby fit them and enable them to do it, as that Creeple, Act. 3.6, 7, 8. was by the command inabled; so Saul, Act. 22.13. being commanded to receive his fight, was inabled the same moment to look upon him; and so vers. 16. being commanded to wash away his sins, had the blood of Christ provided ready for to do it. So these commands are not like those the Apostle speaks of, Jam. 2.16. for here is something given; when God bids, he doth not, Verba dare, sed rem.
But it was further urged by the Doctor, that God had no pleasure in the death of wicked men, Ezek. 33.11. but that he would rather they should repent and leave their sins, Ezek. 18.23. and vers. 32. if there∣fore God were not ready to the utmost of his power to give them grace, he could not be excused from dissembling and double-dealing.
But Dr. Preston answered, That superiours may command unable persons for many reasons, but cannot be said for to dissemble, unless they refuse to give when the required condition is performed. As if I bid one come unto me, and I will give him six-pence, if I refuse when he is come, I did dissemble; but if he comes not, he cannot charge me; for their not coming may be for want of will, Joh. 5.40. as well as for want of power, Joh. 6.44. Now if I know a Creeple will not come, though he could, I may punish him for it. It's true, God delights in nothing but himself, his joy and comfort, is terminated only in him∣self, not in the creature, but as some way served and represented by it; for God made all things for himself, Prov. 16.4. yea for his pleasure, Rev. 4.11. That is, the exercise and illustration of some one of his at∣tributes; as his power, Exod. 9.16. Rom. 9.17. his wrath, Rom. 9.22. Never did strong man glory of his strength, more then God doth of his Soveraignty and Omnipotency, Job 40.9, 10, 11, 12, 13. Now, if it fall out, that in the illustration and exercise of these his glorious attri∣butes and excellencies, some creatures smart, yet he delights not in their smart and sufferings, but in the demonstration of his own Omni∣potency. Ahashuerus makes a Feast to all the States and Orders of his Kingdome, to shew the riches of his glorious Kingdome, and the Ho∣nour of his excellent Majesty, Esth. 1.3, 4. This was not done without the smart and suffering of many of the creatures, yet he delights not in their sufferings, but in his own magnificence and bounty. When Christ was at the Feast, Joh. 2.1, 2. he doth not condole the death of all those innocents that went to make it up; Qui fruitur poena, ferus est: but rejoyced in the good cheer, and good will of the Friend that bade him.
There were few present of Doctor Prestons Friends, and accordingly
this conference was represented and reported with all the disadvantage that could be to him; insomuch that many Parliament men that were his friends, were much offended at it; which occasioned him as soon as he came to Cambridge, to write the several passages, and send them to those friends that were unsatisfied. But it was an evidence that the Duke and Dr. Preston were not so great, but that he sticked to the Prelates, and would in the issue leave Dr. Preston and the Puritans, which much abated good mens affections to the Duke; and it was believed that he had no such footing in the Kings affections, as he did pretend unto: Posteà Maecenas speciem potius, quam vim tenuit in amicitia Principis. They thought his greatnesse began to languish; and it was believed in the University, that there was another favourite in being, though yet obscure: for the Earl of Suffolke much about this time died, who had been a long time Chancellor of the University of Cambridge, and great meanes was used to set the Duke up for to succeed him; but good men were fallen off, because of his deserting Dr. Preston, and others did be∣lieve his glory was departed; and so the Earl of Berkshire, the former Chancellors second Son, was set up against the Duke, and many visited for him that loved greatnesse, and were servants good enough unto the times; and it's believed, it had been carried for him against the Duke, if the wisdome of Dr. Goffing, then Vice-Chancellor, and some o∣thers in the scrutiny had not prevented it; but it was pronounced for the Duke, and great care was taken for the investing of him in a very solemn manner. A representative of the University is designed to attend him at York-house in their habits, and a sumptuous Feast provided for their entertainment; the Duke sate in the midst of the Table among the Do∣ctors, where, by some body, there was an health begun unto the King. When it came to Dr. Preston for to pledge it, he was uncovered and bow∣ed as others had done, but drank but very little, and so delivered it unto the next; but one of the Doctors took notice that he drank not all, and told him, he had seen him drink as great a glass of wine, and did believe he could have drunk this if he would, but that he loved to be singular. The Dr. acknowledged he was not skilfull in the laws of drinking healths, and therefore if he had offended, he desired it might be imputed to his ignorance; but he thought the end was to shew respect unto the persons named, which was done best by the Ceremonies that preceded, as being bare, standing up, and such like; wherein (he said) he had not willingly offended; but if it were an Engine to Court-intemperance, and engage men unto greater quantities then themselves liked, it fell short of that modesty and freedom of the Heathens, Esth. 1.8. and was a sin in all, but in men of their degree and rank and an abominable wick∣ednesse.
The Duke misliked this incivility, and frowned on the Doctor that occasioned it; but it was believed it could not have been done, without assurance that the Dukes affections were ebbing towards Dr. Preston. And no wonder; for his end being to make impressions of good upon the Court, he could not but see, if they did not succeed, they would recoil.
If you manure and sow your land, if the seeds subdues it not, and con∣quers it, it is enabled to bring forth the stronger weeds, Heb. 6.7, 8. If your Pearles be cast before swine, they will also turn again and rend you, Mat. 7.6. The Duke had now seen the worth and way of Dr. Preston; he had found that he could not winne him, and make him his, he could not therefore in the way of policy, but labour and resolve to wrack and sink him. When Herod was convented by prevailing conquering Au∣gustus, for his great assistance of Mark Anthony his adversary, and knew it would be in Augustus power to take his head off, he setled his affairs, but gave peremptory order that his beloved Mariamne should be put to death; for this only reason, because another should not enjoy so great a beauty. So the Duke would not another should enjoy the great abilities of Doctor Preston, but was resolved to break him if he could; yet in a civil Court way.
But the Doctor was too knowing, not to see this afar off, Prov. 22.3. Quae alii levia faciunt, diu patiendo; ea sapiens, diù cogitando: and had accordingly provided a succession of reserves, wherein to hide him∣self. The first and surest was his conscience, 2 Cor. 1.12. This is our rejoycing, the testimony of our conscience, that in simplicity and godly sin∣cerity, not with fleshly wisdom, but by the grace of God, we have had our conversation in the world. If a man be wellcome into his conscience, he need not fear the stormes and blusters that he meets abroad. In te re∣cedas, cum cogeris in turba esse. When a man is forced to be where he would not, as Peter was foretold he should be, Joh. 21.18. yet he may in despite of them retire into himself. Paul made it his businesse to have his conscience alwaies void of offence, Act. 24.16. and so did Dr. Preston; for though his actings, being many of them above the common size were not alwaies understood, and very often mis-inter∣preted, yet he was innocent and upright alwaies in them. An undeni∣able argument whereof was, that he never sued for the least preferment, as we have said, but studied, and often consulted, how without breaking, he might avoid them. And though he lived like himself, and gave re∣lief to others, yet it was ever of his own, as very many yet alive can wit∣ness. And indeed he was a man of very much Communion and sweet Society with God; prayed much in private, and by himself, besides as Tutor with his Pupils, and after, as Master in his Family. Whatever weak∣ness he was in, or business did occur, kept many private daies of Fasting by himself, especially before the Sacraments and Sabbath-daies; and accordingly enjoyed a constant clearnesse and assurance of his Justifica∣tion, and interest in the blood of Christ; even then, when frailties and infirmities did most of all afflict and wound him. He never (that I know,) was troubled or perplexed about Adoption, though very often about the imperfection of his graces, and the unconstancy of Sanctification; so as he studied most exactly that Treatise of the Saints Infirmities, and there is nothing in all his works that may more properly be called his.
His next retreat was Lincolns-Inne; for now he said, the Duke was
Chancellour, and would endeavour to ingratiate himself, and be a Be∣nefactor; and had bought Erpenius Manuscripts, and did verily intend to found a Library; and so it would be easie, and in his power, to out him of the Colledge and University. For there was a resolution in some of the Fellows, to petition the Duke without him, and to annul the Statute of continuance or Commoration in the Colledge; yet he conceived the Lawyers would pretend a kind of freedom and exempti∣on. For he saw, when that holy blessed Dr. Sibbs was outed, both of Fellowship and Lecture in the University, yet by the goodnesse and prudence of Sir Henry Yelverton, that constant Patron unto godly Mini∣sters, (a vertue yet running in the veins of his posterity) he was recei∣ved and retained at Grayes-Inne unto his death; therefore he would in no sort leave his title unto, and interest in Lincolns-Inne, but reserved it in his power unto his dying day.
But he knew Kings had long hands, and that the Dukes were no∣thing shorter; and that Lincolns-Inne, though a great deal stronger and better built then Grayes-Inne, yet would not hold out long, in case the Duke should seriously beleagure it; therefore he pondered of remo∣ving farther off if need were. And having weighed all retreats, resolved upon Basil in the Switzers Countrey, as a place which the longest handed Kings had seldome touched, even when it was a receptacle of their greatest enemies; and therefore he resolved, in case he could not be free in England, to settle there, and spend the residue of his surviving dayes, in writing what he was not suffered to preach, or had not published ac∣cording to his mind.
He was naturally very affable and courteous unto strangers of any Countrey, and by conversing much with them, endeavoured to preserve his knowledge in the French and Italian languages. But after he had thus resolved upon Basil, he was very friendly to all he Germans, that were dispersed from several Universities, especially from the Palatinate; for whom he procured several sorts of entertainments, both in the Countrey abroad, and in the University; for which, as he had very ma∣ny Gratulatory Epistles from particular persons, so one of note from the King of Bohemia, under his Hand and Seal.
But he knew that these were but the Foxes earths, that might succes∣sively be taken and possessed. He therefore also thought upon that unum magnum of the Cat, or rather of the Holy Ghost, Prov. 18.10. the Name of the Lord, that is, the goodnesse, mercy, power, of the mighty God; where he was well assured, he should for ever be free enough from Kings and Dukes. Yet these did no way retard his industry in using means. Obstructions quicked industrious and active minds, but damp and clog the dull. There is a Statesman of no mean esteem, that writes pro∣fessedly against the use of Cittadels and Forts, because it makes the Souldier lesse resolved in engagements. And the Spartans were for∣bidden to wall their City, because it would incourage Cowardise. But it did not take off Dr. Preston from his duty. For finding that his standing at Court was untermined, he resolved upon Buttresses to underprop him in the Countrey.
There was in the Countrey of Northampton, a Gentleman of very able parts, and clear affections to the publick good, no stranger to the Court in former times, nor to the Duke of Buckingham, with whom the Doctor used to communicate affairs, and who was then a Parliament man of much esteem; to him, the Doctor in a Letter discovers all, shews him the hopelesse posture of the Duke, how much they both were dis∣appointed in him; layes some directions what to do, and urgeth active∣nesse. This Letter by a sad misfortune was let fall, by him that was in∣trusted to convey it, about Temple-bar, and handed from one to one, untill it came to Sir Henry Spillers; who having viewed and pondered the contents, concluded it was a purchase that would ingratiate him unto the Duke, and so immediately presents it to him.
The Duke was troubled to read his faults and face so shrewdly inti∣mated and presaged. His temper was exceeding good, and he could mannage his affections many times, with much serenity and moderation; but now he was quite off, and could not think of any thing but a re∣venge. I have not known any thing so trouble and afflict the Doctor as this did, that the Duke should have his hand against him, and that he had involved so good a man to whom he wrote. But it pleased God to cut the Duke out other work; for the cry of Rochel, and the Protestants of France, was so exceeding great, and so much resented by the Parliament, that the Duke resolves to vindicate his honour by relieving them. And whilest he was busie to set that fleet out, and furnish forces for surprizing the Isle of Rhees, he could not undertake that work of revenge intended against Dr. Preston. But the Doctor thought not that he had done enough, unlesse he proclaimed in the Pul∣pit what he had often told the Duke in private; according to that Com∣mand of Christ, Mat. 6.27. What I tell you in darknesse, that speak you in light; and what you hear in the ear, that preach on the house-tops. As Chrysostome to his people; Cum verum singuli audire non vultis, publi∣cè audietis. When the French Match was concluded, he preached that Sermon of the pillar and ground of truth, against the mingling of Religi∣ons, and mixing truth with falshood; and shewed how impossible it was to mingle truth with errour, or make up one Religion of theirs and ours. For, should they leave out any tenet of their Church, it would follow, that the Church, in that, before had erred; and so that pillar would be overthrown, on which have hanged so many necessary points of Popery. Neither could we part with any one truth; for Religion is of a brittle nature; break it you may, bend it you cannot. It cannot be accommodated to respects of policy, and interests of States and and Kingdomes; but as Elements, when mingled in a compound body, do close their proper Formes. So Religions, when made ingredients, and compounding parts of any other, do lose their Formes, and cease to be Religions in Gods account, 2 Kings 17.33, 34. Pillar and ground, pag. 16.
And when the Rochellers were in distresse, and laid their ruine and disasters at our door; fathered their losses and calamities on us; he
preached that Sermon of the new life, where Page 48. we have these words: We cannot stand alone; what measure we mete to others in their distress, men shall measure the same to us in our necessity, Luk. 6.38. And how soon the fire may take here also, we know not. And pag. 52. If any be an impediment, nay, if any do not do their best; I pronounce this, in the Name of the most true God, that shall make it good sooner or later, that they and their houses shall perish, Esth. 4.14. The Court was hood-wink't in all these Comminations; for by Church, they understood the Pre∣lates and their Party; and the King thought if he adhered to them, and did their work, he was absolved. But those that read the Commenta∣ries that have been written since in red letters, will have occasion to be∣lieve the contrary.
And when the Duke was in the Isle of Rhees, in which voyage he had engaged many of his very good Friends, and much of the Nobility and Gentry of the Kingdom, the Doctor preached that Sermon, called the Demonstration of the Deity, where Page 81. ye have these words: It is certain, that evil is intended against us, and will come upon us, except something be done for to prevent it; for there is a Covenant between God and us, and breach of Covenant causeth a quarrel; now the quarrel of God shall not go unrevenged. Lev. 26.25. I will send a sword upon you, which shall avenge the quarrel of my Covenant. Gods quarrels are not rash and passionate as mens are; and therefore he will not lay them aside without some true and real satisfaction. If we will not believe his Word, yet will we not believe his Actions? Are not our Allies wasted? Are not many branches of the Church cut off already, and more in hazard? In a word, have not our enterprizes been blasted, and withered under our hands for the most part? Have not things been long going down the hill, and are even now hastning to a period? This Sermon was preached to the King at White∣hall, on the Lords day, and on the Wednesday following, the news came of the total routing of our Army in the Isle of Rhees; which was such a ratification of his Prediction, but the Sabbath day before, as made many to believe he was a Prophet; and they called him Micaiah, be∣cause he seldome prophecied good unto them. And Dr. Neal, then Bishop of Winchester, said, That he talked like one that was familiar with God Almighty. And they were the more affected with it, be∣cause the Doctor had another course to preach before his moneth was out, (for every Chaplain was to preach twice, once upon the Lords day, and also upon the Tuesday;) but the Doctor was desirous to ex∣change his course upon the Tuesday, for a Sabbath-day. So Dr. Potter preached on the Tuesday, and Dr. Preston was to preach upon the Lords day following, and was resolved to proceed on the same text, but to handle a point relating to the third verse. For having shewed in this Sermon, that things were not done by chance, but by God; he now resolved for to shew, that God did things that men do not look for. Which being known among the Bishops, and they affrighted with that disaster at the Isle of Rhees, they interceded with the Clerke of the Closet, that (seeing Dr. Prestons turn was past already, and
this was Dr. Pottors) another might be put up, and he deferred till another time; which was consented and yeilded to: and so upon the Friday before, a Messenger was sent unto the Doctor, to tell him,* 2.3 that another was provided to preach for Dr. Potter, and he might spare his pains. The Dr. wondered at the Providence; for he was resolved fully to have said that in that Sermon, if he had been suffered, that would in reason have deserved Micaiahs entertainment, 1 Kings 22.27. but God was mercifull unto him, and used his enemies as instruments to save him from the danger. It would have damped some men to be thus refused. He might have said with him, Mat. 22.4. Behold, I have prepared my Dinner, my Oxen and my Fatlings are killed, and all things are ready. But he considered what he had preached before, That a Sparrow fell not to the ground without Gods will. That his Will and Resolution for to sacrifice his all, was now accepted as Abrahams was; that his Sermon, whilest an Embryo, and only in intention, had an efficacious operation upon the Auditory. For as they had shewed and discovered their fears, so good men did their joys; and the Sermon was more talked of at Court and in the City, then any Sermon that ever he had preached before. For all men enquired what the Sermon was, that Dr. Preston was not suffered to preach; and many wise men were perswaded, that it did more good, then it would have done, in case it had been preached. So that in stead of being damped and dejected at the affront, he was enlivened and en∣couraged: Repulsus generoso excitatiram, languido tristitiam. I never knew him come home from the Court more satisfied, then he did this time, nor more encouraged in his Ministry at Cambridge; for he was then upon those Sermons of the Attributes, that since are printed, and God was greatly with him in them.
Those Fellows at Emanuel, that had been active in making of him Master there, were much satisfied, because the Doctor never would con∣sent to the annulling of that Statute, De mora sociorum in Collegio. For he was convinced, that the Founder had added it upon very weighty grounds; and he saw it was a meanes to make the Fellows Preach, and look abroad, and lesse intend the actings of the Master; that young Schol∣lers were heartned in their studies, with hopes that there would be pre∣ferments ready for rhem. And it was ordinary among the Scholars, to observe how long some Fellows were to stay. Therefore observing these affronts at Court, they Petitioned the King, that that Statute might be abrogated. The Duke was glad of this occasion to be re∣venged upon his old Friend Dr. Preston, and did embrace it with all alacrity. Commissions were dispatched for to hear and consider their Allegations, and many meetings and debates were had about it; in which it was acknowledged, it was a Statute of equal power and vali∣dity with the rest, though added three years after; and upon that, one of the Fellows that had Petitioned fell off. The Doctor used all his Friends, for to support and keep in power and effect this Statute, and found very many very forward to assist him in it; but above all, a very Noble Grandchild of the Founder yet living, did much encourage and
enable the defence: for though a Courtier, and much obliged, yet ad∣ventured, and waved all his interests, rather then he would behold his Grandfathers pious and prudent care so overthrown. So a temper was at last agreed on, that it should be suspended from effects in Law, un∣till six livings of an hundred pounds per annum, should be annexed to to the Colledge.
The soul is the undoubted Soveraign of the body, and hath therein Despoticum imperium, an absolute and uncontrolled Jurisdiction; and in case of injury or over-burdening, there is no action lies. But souls should consider, soft and fare goes far: Qui vult regnare diù, languidâ regnat manu. It was Hobson that told the Scholars they would come time e∣nough to London, if they did not ride too fast. It was incurable in this good man to over-ride himself; for the body is pars compositi, when it is tired, we cannot take a new one at the next stage, as we do Horses. But he thought all was one; some lived as much in seven years, as o∣thers did in seventy. Non diù vixit, sed diù fuit was his opinion of ma∣ny men: that our life is like to iron that will consume with rust, as much as employment: Vita sicut ferrum, exerceas, vel perit. These were his principles, and his actings were according; the most unmercifull un∣to his flesh of any living. And it's true, that not time, but action should be the Metwand of all mens lives. Non annos meos, sed victorias nume∣ro: Not how long I have lived, but how? yet God doth usually allow his dearest servants time to do their work in. Moses 120 years of age, Deut. 34.7. David an old man before he dies, 1 Chron. 29.28. Paul aged, Phil. 9. notwithstanding all his labours and activity; but the Doctor had a shorter period put unto his daies: all mens is set, Job. 7.1. his was short. It was no disparagement to good Josiah to die about the Doctors age, 2 Chron. 34.1. Our glorious King Edward, that scarce out-lived his minority, out-stripped notwithstanding all his longest living Pre∣decessors in doing good: God that had set his time, hastned his service, and so he did the Doctors. His preaching and studying labours were exceeding great; but that which spent and wore him, was his care and troubles for the Churches safety and prosperity; Often he would incul∣cate that, 2 Cor. 11.28. That which cometh upon me daily, the care of all the Churches.
* 2.4When his body therefore began to be sick and languish, he was con∣tent a little to abate and take off, and thought a Counttey house in some good air might help, as formerly it had done; and accordingly took one at Linton, near the hils about six miles off, which he furnished and purposed to be in all the week, and come on Saturdays to preach upon the Lords daies; and had this course been taken time enough, much might have been. But now he feared, sollicitude would but be changed into solitude, the air of subitable converse he doubted would be wanting there; and being alone, he saw, would too much gratifie his melancholy▪ the Spring therefore approaching, he was willing to consult with some Physicians; and London being far off, he sent to Bury for Dr. Despotine. His present malady was want of rest, which now Tobacco would not
help him to, as formerly it had done; and therefore he proposed let∣ting blood. The Doctor plainly told him, that might perhaps allay his heats, and purchase sleep; but if it were within the verge of a Con∣sumption, it would be fatal to him. He was inticed notwithstanding with the deceitfull hopes of present ease, and so was let blood, but never lived to repair that losse. For sinking more and more, he went to Lon∣don, and took advice of those that were best acquainted with his state of health; by their advice he retired a little unto Newington, unto a loving Friend of his that lived there, and then to Harefordshire unto a thinner and more penetrating air. The malady they all agreed was in his lungs, which were not Ulcerated neither, but obstructed and opprest with stiff and clammy matter, that he could not void, and perspiration was that he wanted, and they supposed a penetrating air might do the cure; but that was found too searching and corrosive for the other parts, which were pervious enough and penetrable. He therefore thought upon Northamptonshire, his native Countrey, which would in reason be most propitious unto him. However he would leave his breath where first he found it, and thankfully return what had been serviceable now along time to him. He had at Preston four miles from Heyford, a very dear and bosome friend, that was ambitious of entertaining good men; old Master Dod was but a mile off, being seriously invited thither, he pitcht upon it, where he enjoyed with great contentment, what air, converse of friends, and loving entertainment could afford, and at the first was much refreshed by it; but nature being spent, and no foundation being left to work upon, all his refreshing quickly flagged. He had before made use of Dr. Ashworth, and he was one of much experience, and knew his body well; therefore he thinks of riding over unto Oxford to him, which he did, and there continued about twelve daies, and consul∣ted with such as were there of any note. Men die and perish when their time is come, as well errore medici, as vi morbi. Doctor Ashworth was perswaded that the Scorbute was his disease, and that the London-Do∣ctors had all mistook their mark, and therefore pitcheth upon applicati∣ons suitable: A great errour for so experienced and grave a Doctor. Desire of restitution into a state of health, made shift to flatter him in∣to belief it was so. The old man upon this perswasion, comes over unto Preston with him, strains and steeps Scurvy-grass, and gives him Dren∣ches able to have weakned a stronger man then he was now; and having stayed and tampered with him about three weeks, and finding nothing answer his expectation, he takes his last leave of him, giving such or∣der and direction as he thought good, and so leaves him, and returns to Oxford, July 9. 1628.
When this dream and fancy of the Scorbute failed, and Dr. Ash∣worth was gone, he resigned up himself to God alone, and let all care of Physick and the Doctors go. He had a Servant who had been laborious with him, and whom he often used as a Friend; he would say, Servi sunt humiles amici was very true of him. To him he therefore now unbosomed himself, not only touching the vanity and emptinesse
of all things here below, but his own belief and expectation of a suddain change; not of my company (said he,) for I shall still converse with God and Saints, but of my place, and way of doing it. His Will was made (as we have said) some years before, but he was doubtfull, if it come to proving, it might be baffled and affronted, and therefore pur∣posed to wave it, and make a Deed of Gift to him that was in that Will his Executor, with such restrictions and limitations as he thought good, all which he set down with his own hand; wherein he carefully provided for his Mother during life, and both his Brothers. His Books, and all the furniture and goods belonging to, and in his lodgings at Emanuel-Col∣ledge, he gave one of his Pupils that was Fellow there, whom he al∣waies greatly favoured. Some exhibitions he gave Scholars there to be disposed of from time to time, by him that was Executor. And as he truly valued, so he liberally rewarded his Servants faithfulnesse, who liveth yet in very good condition and reputation; of whom is verified what is said, Prov. 27.18. Whoso keepeth the fig-tree, shall eat the fruit thereof; so he that waiteth on his Master, shall surely come to honour. And having thus discumbred himself of worldly cares, he took care for the places he now possessed, prayed for the Colledge, that it might con∣tinue a flourishing Nursery of Religon and Learning, told those about him as David before his death, 1 Chron. 29.2, 3, &c. what he had done towards that goodly building since erected, and what care he had taken to get those Rectories in the Kings Letter mentioned, whereof we spake before; prayed God to furnish Lincolns-Inne from time to time with able preaching Ministers, and so the Lecture at Cambride, that had cost so much trouble in the procuring. Then for his Sermons, that they might not come into the world like Vagabonds; but seeing the Father lived not, to see them setled and provided for, those would be carefull whom then he named, and is long since intimated upon occasion. In all which great things God hath so answered him, as I think no man was since Elisha, 2 King. 2.9, 10.
The night before he died, being Saturday, he went to bed, and lay about three hours desirous to sleep, but slept not; then said, My dis∣solution is at hand, let me go to my home, and Jesus Christ who hath bought me with his precious blood. And so lay still as in a slumber, till about two of the clock in the morning; then drinking and resting on his ser∣vants armes, he fell into a cold and clammy sweat, which he told them was the Messenger of death; and so continued for about two hours very silent. About four of the clock, he said, I feel death coming to my heart, my pain shall now be quickly turned into joy. And so his Friends were called that were present in the house, who spake unto him, but had no answer from him as they were used to have. They kneeled all down, and a Reverend Divine there present prayed. When Prayer was ended, he looked on them, and turning away his head, gave up the ghost. It was about five a clock on the Lords day, but to him an everlasting Sabbath. He never (by his good will) rested that day, since God was truly known unto him untill now; God gave him therefore now an everlasting rest.
No man deserved better Funeral solemnities. But Master Dod was much against it; and his Friends at Cambridge, who did highly honour him, and desired nothing more, then to have waited on his dust unto its long home, were now obliged to attend the Election of another Master, that they durst not so much as make it known, or do any thing, from which it might be gathered. So he was buried decently, but without state, in Fawsley Church in the County of Northampton. Old Master Dod, the Minister of that place preached, and a world of godly people came together, July 20. 1628. being within a little of one and fourty years of age.
Dr. Preston just before his death, asked what day it was, and being answered, that it was the Sabbath day; A fit day (said he) to be sacri∣ficed on: I have accompanied Saints on earth, and now I shall accom∣pany Angels in Heaven. Also, Mrs. Chaterdon telling him of his preach∣ing so profoundly on Gods Attributes, he answered; If it shall please God to prolong my life, I will make all so plain, that every one shall be able to understand it.
This Life was written by my Reverend Friend, Master Thomas Ball of Northampton.
His Birth.
His education.
His going to Cambridge.
His remove to Queens Col∣ledge.
His Character.
His studious∣nesse.
He is chosen Fellow.
He studies Physick.
His study of Astrology.
His Conversi∣on.
He is chosen to oppose be∣fore the King.
His many Pu∣pils.
His zeal.
His diligence.
The Bishops Hypocrisie.
His courage.
His Prudence.
Master Preston preacheth be∣fore the King.
He is made the Prince his Chaplain.
His travel in the Low-Countries.
He is chosen to Lincolns-Inne.
The Duke of Buckinghams Letter.
He is chosen Master of E∣manuel.
A special Pro∣vidence.
His last sick∣nesse.