A collection of the lives of ten eminent divines famous in their generations for learning, prudence, piety, and painfulness in the work of the ministry : whereunto is added the life of Gustavus Ericson, King of Sueden, who first reformed religion in that kingdome, and of some other eminent Christians / by Sa. Clarke ...

The Life and Death of Mr. Thomas Gataker, who dyed Anno Christi, 1654.

MR. Thomas Gataker,* 1.1 or Gatacre (for so he wrote himself till of later years to prevent miscal∣ling, occasioned frequently by the view of the Let∣ters, he changed it into Gataker) was a branch of a very ancient Family, so firmly by Gods Providence planted in Shropshire, that the Stock hath continued in the same House, carrying the Name of its owner, and known by the Title of Gatacre-Hall; by an un-inter∣rupted succession from the time of King Edward the Confessor.

His Father, Mr. Thomas Gatacre (being a younger Son of William Gatacre) was designed by his Parents to the study of the Law, in order whereunto he was admitted a Student in the Temple: And during his abode there, he, occasionally went to visit some of his Kindred, who were then high in place, and power, whereby he was often present at the examination of some Christian Confessors of the Gospel, in those bloody times wherein Satan armed all his Forces to suppress that dawning light which threatned ruine to his Kingdome of darkness.

The harshness and cruelty of those proceedings, to∣gether with the constancy of those weak, yet sincere Christians, who with evidence of truth, and resolu∣tion of minde maintained faith and a good conscience,

were very prevalent with him to facilitate his enter∣tainment of that purer Doctrine of the Gospel which began to shine into his soul.

This being apprehended by his Parents, fearing his change in Religion, they sent him over to Lovaine in Flanders, and to win him to a compliance with them in Religion, they setled upon him an estate in a Lease of an hundred pounds per annum in old Rents; but like St. Paul, Phil. 3. 8. He counted all outward advan∣tages as nothing in comparison of the knowledge of Iesus Christ.

His Father therefore perceiving how fixt and un∣moveable he was in his choice of Religion, in which yet he had nothing to except against, but only the novelty of it, he recalled him into England, and in great dis∣pleasure revoked his former Grant of 100 ••. per an∣num, which yet could not be effected without his Sons consent: But this young Disciple had already learned the hard lesson of self-denial, and of forsaking all to follow Christ, and therefore to preserve his conscience pure and intire, he gave up that which was intended as a baite to Apostacy. But the Lord, who h••••h pro∣mised to his faithful followers reparation and satisfa∣ction for all their losses for his sake, raised him up Friends, by whose assistance, and encouragement, he pursued his studies at Oxford, and in process of time, when, not onely the clouds of ignorance and super∣stition were dispelled, but also those bloody storms in the Marian dayes were blown over, he took upon him the publick Ministry of the Gospel, and was houshold Chaplain to that great Favourite, Robert Earle of Lecester, and afterwards Pastor of St. Edmunds in

Lumberd street, London: In which Parsonage house by his wife (who was of an honest Family of the Pi∣gots in Hertfortshire) amongst other children,* 1.2 he had this Thomas, who was born September the 4. Anno Christi 1574.

In his Childe-hood he was so addicted to those means which his Parents applied him unto,* 1.3 for the implanting in him the seeds of good Literature, that he rather needed a bridle, than a spur: For his love of learning (equal to that admirable capacity, wherewith the Father of Lights had furnished him) was so active in the acquiring of it, that his Father was fain often gently to chide him from his book. Neither were his nimble wit, sharp judgement, and vast memory per∣verted to be the instruments of that debauchery wherewith the corruption of our Nature doth too often stain and desloure our first dayes: For he had a lovely gravity in his young coversation; so that what Gregory Nazianzen said of the great Basil, might be averred of him, That he held forth Learning beyond his age, and a fixedness of manners beyond his Learn∣ing.

Having happily finished his Tyrocinnia of first exer∣cises in the Grammar-Schooles (wherein he overcame by his strange industry the difficulties which th••se times (dest••tute of many helps which our present dayes do enjoy) conflicted withall,* 1.4 and outstripped many of his fellows which ran in the same course; before he had compleated sixteen years viz. Anno Christi 1590, he was by his Father placed in St. Johns College in Cambridge.

Not long after his settlement there, his Father

(being called by God to receive the reward of his la∣bours) left him, not wholly destitute, and yet not suffi∣ciently provided for any long continuance of his stu∣dies in that place.* 1.5 But God who hath engaged his truth and mercy to the upright, and even to his seed also, Ps. 112. 1, 2. (especially when the Son doth not degene∣rate, nor thwart the Providence of God, by a for∣feiture of his title to the Promises) provided friends and means for him, who was by an hidden counsel then designed to be an instrument of doing much service to the Church of Christ. Thus the fruit was not nipped in a promising bud, by the Frost of want.

Now not from meer favour,* 1.6 but from merit (upon the proof of his Learning) he was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 chosen Scholler of that worthy Society, wherein he continued his studies with unwearied diligence, and happy success, till he, with abilities answerable to his Degree, com∣menced Master of Arts. For an instance of his in∣dustry, take this, viz. That he was a constant Auditor of that eminent Light of Learning, Mr. John Boys, who read a Greek Lecture in his bed to certain young Students that preferred their nightly studies before their rest and ease. The notes of those Lectures he kept as a treasure, and being visited by Mr. Boys many years after, he brought them forth to him, to the no small joy of the good old man, who professed that he was made some years younger by that grateful entertainment.

About this time was contracted that streight friend∣ship betwixt our Mr. Gataker, and that faithful ser∣vant of Jesus Christ. Mr. Richard Stock, which con∣tinued

to the death of this Reverend Minister, as ap∣pears by Mr. Gatakers testimony given unto him at his Funeral.

An evidence of that good esteem which Mr. Ga∣taker had now acquired for his Learning and Piety was this,* 1.7 That a College being then to be erected by the Munificence of the Countess of Sussex, the Trustees of that Foundress (being persons eminent for Prudence and Zeal) did choose him for one of that Society, and they transplanted him into that new Nursery of Arts and Religion, being confident that he would (as indeed he did by Christs assistance) prove very fruitful both for the ornament and benefit of that Seminary.

Indeed they laid hold of him before the house was fit for Inhabitants, fearing lest so fair and promising a Flower should be taken up by some other hand. But while the College was in building. (that he might not lose any opportunity of doing good) he retired him∣self to the house of Mr. William Aylofes in Essex,* 1.8 who had prevailed with him to instruct both himself in the Hebrew Language, and his eldest Son in that Literature which was proper to his age.

In this Family,* 1.9 partly by his own inclination, and partly by the encouragement of the Governours thereof, he performed Family Duties for the instru∣ction and edification of the whole houshold, expound∣ing to them a portion of Scripture every morning, that the Sun of Righteousness might as constantly arise in their hearts, as the day brake in upon them. In this Exercise, whereby he laboured to profit both himself and others, he went over the Epistles of the

Apostles, the Prophesie of Isaiah, and a good part of the Book of Job, rendring the Text out of the Original Languages, and then delivering cleer Ex∣plications, and also deducing usefull Observati∣ons.

Dr. Stern, the Suffragan of Colchester, on a time visiting the Mistress of the Family (to whom he was nearly related) happened to be present at one of these Exercises, at which time Mr. Gataker explicated the first Chapter of St. Pauls Epistle to the Ephesians, which is known to be most pregnant of Divine My steries: But this portion of holy Writ he treated up∣on with such happy elucidations, that the judicious Doctor was much satisfied with his pains therein, and admiring the endowments of Mr. Gataker, exhorted him instantly to be Ordained to the work of the Mi∣nistry, whereby those his gifts might be authorita∣tively exercised for the publick good, and improved for the building up of the Church, and withall, offered him his assistance in that business: But Mr. Gataker, well weighing the burden of that Calling, and judging modestly of his own abilities, which he conceived dis∣proportionable for that Office (to the full discharge whereof the Apostle hath set, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Who is suffi∣cient?) thanked the Doctor for his kinde offer, but deferred the matter to further consideration: But afterwards by the advice of the Reverend Mr. Henry Alvey,* 1.10 formerly his Tutor, and whom in this business he now took for his counsellour, upon his remon∣strance of divers reasons, and the importunity of Dr. Stern afresh re-iterated, he assented to be Ordained by the said Suffragan.

The Fabrick of Sidney-Sussex College being now finished,* 1.11 he betook himself to the station, and imploy∣ment whereunto he was before designed, and to the work depending thereon, wherein his pains in sea∣soning young Students with principles of Piety and Learning,* 1.12 were both great, and very successful: For some of them that watered their Gardens at his Spring, or kindled their Lamps at his Light, grew up to great eminency, as Mr. John Hoyl, and Mr. Thomas Pell, who were afterwards worthy Fellows of that Society.

About that time there were certain persons in the University, zealous of promoting the glory of God, and of gaining souls to Christ, that lay in a sad condi∣tion through the defect of Pastors able to teach, and lead the people in the wayes of truth, life, and peace, especially Mr. Abdias Ashton of St. Johns College, and Mr. William Bedel of Emanuel, who set on foot a design of preaching in places adjacent to Cambridge, even to a considerable distance. These men invited Mr. Gataker to be a partner in this good imployment, who being drawn, and encouraged by them, preached every Lords day at Everton (a Village in the meeting-confines of Cambridge,* 1.13 Bedford, and Huntingtonshire) where a decrepid man (who was reported to be six∣score and ten years old) sustained the name of Vicar, Vix magni nominis umbra. Here a Family of the Burgoines, resident in that place deserveth this honour∣able remembrance, that Mr. Roger Burgoine during that time, used Mr. Gataker with great humanity, and respect, which by him was construed to be an effect of his Piety.

After he had thus religiously imployed himself for the space of half a year, manifesting his publick spirit therein, he had some causes that moved him to retire from the University at the motion of Mr. Ashton be∣fore mentioned, who had been his Tutor, where∣upon he removed to Sir William Cooks Family,* 1.14 then resident in London.

This place and imployment occasioned a more publick discovery of his Ministerial Gifts, with the singular approbation of many persons of note, not onely for their outward estate, but also for their affe∣ction unto, and judgement in Religion. Hereupon the Lecturers place of Lincolns Inne falling void,* 1.15 some principal persons of that Honourable Society (who had been his Auditors occasionally elsewhere) made addresses unto him, inviting him unto that place, offering their assistance, and alledging the facility of his Introduction by the Lord Chief Justice Pophams interessing himself in the business, whom they knew to have loved his Father Mr. Thomas Gataker (being once his intimate friend, and contemporary in the study of the Law) and to favour this his son very highly for his own worth and work in the Ministry: But he, according to his usual modesty, declined the undertaking of it, and resisted the importunities even of his Friend Mr. Stock; till Dr. Mountague, Master of Sidney-College, repairing to London, and being made acquainted with the design in hand (though ••e had it in his thoughts to invite Mr. Gataker back to the College, that he might read an Hebrew Lecture which had a Salary annexed to it by the Lord Harrington, ••e••) laying that aside, he pressed Mr. Gataker with

Arguments, and Authority, encouraging him against his own dissidence, and so wrought him at last to an assent, that without any suit made by him the Lord Popham should recommend him to that Society.

Thus was he chosen Preacher at Lincolns-Inne, where he spent ten years to the great advancement of Piety amongst them, and with an happy Reforma∣tion of some abuses of the Lords day, as he himself testifies in his Apologetical Discourse against Lilly, p. 16, 17.

But notwithstanding that engagement, Mr. Gataker did not totally abandon the Family of Sir William Cook, to whose Lady he was near by blood, and dear to them both upon the account of his pious and pro∣fitable labours amongst them. Therefore in the Va∣cation-times, being dis-ingaged from his attendance at the Innes of Court, he resided in that Family, ex∣ercising his Ministry either in their Chappel, or in the Parish Church as occasion offered it self; and this he did with an Apostolical minde, not for filthy lucre, but freely, making the Gospel a burden onely to the Dispenser of it; yet such was the care and piety of that Religious pair, that they also would not serve God with that that cost them nothing: For aftewards, in consideration of those his pains freely taken a∣mongst them, they settled upon Mr. Gataker an An∣nuity of 20 l. per annum, which also he received for some few years, but afterwards he saw reason to re∣mit it to the Heire of that Family, forbearing to make use of his right he had to it, and forbidding his Executor to demand any Arrears of that An∣nuity.

This is mentioned the rather to shew the generous temper of this holy man of God,* 1.16 who aimed at the spiritual good of others, more than at his own tem∣poral advantages, and how infinitely he was removed from the fordid acquisition of gain, or the prostitu∣tion of his sacred Function unto secular designs, which may stop the mouth of malice, and the impudent clamours of some, whose consciences being either gaul∣ed or cauterized, spared not to traduce him for co∣vetousness: But his own pen wrote the best Apo∣logy, as indeed (according to that of Nazianzen) they that will give him a just Character, have need of his Eloquence.

Whilst he attended on that Flock at Lincolns Inne, Sir William Sidley, a learned Mecaenas, and pious Pa∣tron of the Church, proffered him a fair Benefice; and when Mr. Gataker declined the burden of a Pastoral charge, and pleaded an unwillingness to be removed from those worthy Gentlemen (of whose favour he had such good experience) he endeavoured to per∣swade him that by taking an assistant, all those incon∣veniences would be salved, and so he needed not to desert that Society, which in Term•• time only required his labours and attendance: But Mr Gataker, who poised the burden in the ballance of the Sanctuary, alwayes judged one cure of souls to be sufficient for one man, and therefore ventured the unkinde re∣sentment of the Noble Gentleman upon his re∣fusal, rather than the multiplying of preferments to himself.

After ten years labours profitably imployed at Lincolns Inne, not onely to the great benefit of the

then living servants of God, but also for the behoof of posterity, especially by that his learned Tractate of Lots, there, and then conceived, and formed (wherein what satisfaction is given to conscience in many cases, let the judicious acknowledge.) Mr. Ga∣taker thence removed to undertake the Rectory of Rotherhithe in Surry,* 1.17 of the grounds, motives, and manner whereof he himself hath largely given an ac∣count to the world in his Apologetick against Lilly, p. 44, 48. of which this is the sum;

The Rectory of Redrith in Surry (as it is common∣ly called) being void, and one of an infamous life, la∣bouring hard to succeed in it (in order to which, be∣fore the former Incumbents death, he had set on foot a transaction with the mother of certain Orphans in whose hands the Patronage was supposed to rest) some of the Religious Inhabitants, valuing the means of Grace above all their other outward enjoyments, cast their eyes, and thoughts upon Mr. Gataker, to gain whom, to their own intreaties, they added the media∣tion of his good Friend Mr. Richard Stock, who, when he had by many reasons remonstrated unto him that God did give him a clear call to that place, whose honour, and Ordinances might suffer prejudice by the intrusion of an unworthy man if he should refuse the call, he at last suffered himself to be perswaded, and prevailed with to undertake that charge; which being represented to Sir Henry Hobart, the Kings Atturney General by Mr. Randolph Crew (afterwards Lord Chief Justice) Sir Henry that before favoured other pretensions to gratifie some Tenants of his in that Parish, yet now did readily imbrace the motion

concerning the setling of Mr. Gataker there, accord∣ing to his own contentment; and withall wrote a Letter to the Bishop for the removal of all obstructions that lay in the way, or that might hinder his acceptance of the presentation of Mr. Gataker, which, being signed with all the hands of the three brethren, who had right to that Advocation, was tendred on his be∣half.

The report of this his removal was no welcome news to many of that Honourable Society, who would fain have retained him, and some of them offered an enlargement of his maintenance for an ar∣gument to keep him, and others of them represented the consistence of both imployments by the help of an assistant: But he that made not his Ministry a meer trade of living here, as Gregory Nazianzene complained that some did in his time, and too many do in our times, would not multiply his burdens, when he deemed himself unfit for the least, and would not suffer himself to be wrought to any other resolu∣tion.

Therefore Anno Christi 1611,* 1.18 commending his former charge to the Grace of God, he betook him∣self to the sole attendance of that Flock of which now the Holy Ghost had made him the Overseer; and his industry in the discharge of his duty there was both constant and great, notwithstanding that he was almost perpetually troubled with the head-ache, wherewith God had exercised him from his very youth, and for which he had only this poor comfort from his Physician, Dr. Goulston, his singular good friend (with whom he communicated his studies up∣on

Galen, and to whom he contributed his assistance for the Edition of some parts of Galen) who often told him, that the incurable disease of age would be the onely remedy of his distemper, because together with the abatement of natural heat, his indisposition would grow less vigorous and violent.

To the work of his Ministry in publick upon the Sabbaths,* 1.19 he added a Catechetical weekly Lecture on Fridays in the evening, which was designed by him, to lay the foundation of saving knowledge in the hearts of the children, of whom a certain number every Lecture day did give an account of their knowledge by set Answers to Questions delivered out to them afore∣hand for their instruction (this course of holding a form of sound words, agreeable to the Doctrine of the Gospel consigned in holy Writ, of what importance it is, we may gather from that ignorance, and those errours which have invaded the Church in these our times; which mischiefs can hardly be imputed to any thing so much as to the neglect of that usefull duty of Catechizing.) But that exercise was performed by him with such an accurate, and methodical explication of the whole Body of Divinity, that Christians of riper years, and of long standing in Christs School, did resort to be partakers of those discourses, wherein their well-exercised senses did find not only milk fit for babes, but also solid meat suitable to grown men in Christ.

This course he continued till he had compleated a pefect Summary of Divinity, and gave it over when he saw that the least part of his Auditory consisted of those for whose sakes he principally intended this work; his Parishoners being grown at least to a

neglect of his free labours in that kinde.

Mr. Gatakers constant retirement in his study cau∣sed him to make choise of an help meet for him that might oversee his Family,* 1.20 which was a necessary act of prudence; and therefore not long before he left Lincolns Inne, he married the widow of Mr. William Cupp, to whose two daughters he was so providently kinde in their education, that he disposed of them in marriage to two Divines of note in the Church, and continued such a fatherly love to them, and theirs, that the world mistook them for his own children. That wife dyed in child-bed of a son that did bear the Fathers name, who, after that he had seen the most remote parts of the world, wherewith we keep com∣merce, returned home to his Father, and dyed in peace.

The same motive still being in force, he after a de∣cent interval of widow-hood, chose for himself the daughter of a Reverend Minister,* 1.21 Mr. Charles Pinner, who was brought up in the worthy, and religious Fa∣mily of Mr. Ellis Crisp, brother to Mrs. Pinner; and it pleased God to give him a Son by her, whom in process of time he dedicated unto God in the work of the Ministry, but immediately to take away the mother, so that the mothers Funerals, and the childes Baptisme were celebrated together. Thus our wise and gracious Father tempers the cup for his children, lest they should surfet upon earthly enjoyments, as they might easily do if they were unmixed with occa∣sions of sorrow.

Then did Mr. Gataker remain for many years in a disconsolate condition,* 1.22 till at last he adventured and married a Gentlewoman of a very considerable Family,

being sister to Sir George, and Sir John Farwell, and a good esteem for knowledge and piety. By her he had three children, whereof a son, and a daughter were car∣ried to the ground before their mother, but the third yet lives to walk by the light of her Fathers life and Doctrine. This his third wife being of a contempla∣tive minde, fell into a consumption, which so wasted her body, that her soul took its flight from thence into Heaven.

Last of all he took to wife a Citizens widow,* 1.23 whose comfortable conversation he enjoyed for the space of four and twenty years, but without any issue by her. His love to her was one motive that induced him to remove out of his Parsonage house into ano∣ther habitation of his own revenue. For, supposing that she might survive him, he would make a conve∣nient provision for her, that she might not be subject to the curtesie of another for her removal; and that affection extended it self in his great liberality to ma∣ny of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 kindred that were in need of help and sup∣port from him, and that both in her life time, and since her decease.

He survived her two years within a few dayes, and because he numbred his dayes with wisdome, and thereupon presumed that the time was approaching wherein his soul should be married to the Lamb, he would not endure to listen to the motion of some, who would have advised him to a new entanglement in the world.

Having thus related his several Marriages in a con∣tinued Narrative, let us now step back to take notice of some passages in time that went before the last of them.

Anno Christi 1620,* 1.24 having a justifiable curiosity to see our neighbour Churches in the United Pro∣vinces, and something of the Spanish Provinces in the Netherlands, he took advantage of the Truce be∣tween the King of Spain, and the Hollanders for a free passage between both Countries. Thereupon with his entire friend, Captain Joshua Downing, and an old acquaintance, Mr. Roger Hughs (his Mnason, whose house he frequented at London) he took his voyage, taking also along with him a Nephew of his, who was a young Student, to be a partner with him in his Travels. His mother being then alive, had some fears, lest he being a known and noted adversary to the Popish cause (which he had mortally wounded with many and sharp weapons) should suffer incon∣venience from that generation of Vipers, whose vio∣lent, and virulent malice often prompts them to base course of secret revenge; but God was his guide, his Sun, and his Shield, and so prospered his journey, that within a months space (for they took Boat July the 13, and returned safe August the 14,) he had viewed the most considerable places in the Low-Countries. In this his travel he gave better satisfaction to the Eng¦lish Church in Middleburgh, where he gave way to the importunity of friends, who were desirous to hear him as well as glad to see him, than he did to the English Papists in Flanders, with whom he had di∣vers debates, wherein he drove some to a confusion whom he could not draw to a conversion.

Anno Christi 1642. A violent fit of the Colick assaulted him, and brought him to the very brink of the Grave; but it pleased God to bring him back

again that he might do him further service. For the year ensuing, before he had well recovered his strength, he was called by the Parliament to sit as one of the Assembly which was summoned to be consulted with about Religion;* 1.25 where his endeavours for promoting truth, and suppressing errour were sincere and serious: And his study of peace with modesty was in this re∣markable, that when his Reasons delivered concern∣ing Christs obedience in order to our Justification (wherein he differed from his Brethren, could not obtain assent from the major part, which determined the Question contrary to his sense, his great love of unity imposed upon him silence, and wrought like∣wise upon him resolutions, not to publish his discour∣ses upon that subject from Rom. 3. 28. that so he might not publickly discover dissent from the Votes of that Reverend Assembly. I wish there had been the like prudence and modesty in some others, who profess themselves to differ but in circumstantials.

During his attendance upon the work of that Convention,* 1.26 the Earle of Manchester (being acquaint∣ed with his great worth, and fitness in regard of his Learning of all kindes for Academical transactions) offered him the Mastership of Trinity College in Cambridge, which is the greatest preferment in that University. For that Noble Lord being intrusted by the Parlament with the Reformation of that Aca∣demy, was not passionately transported with a blinde partiality of mens persons upon any sinister respects, but desired to prefer them whom he judged most worthy, and most hopeful to do Christ service in that place, and therefore being perswaded that Mr. Ga∣taker

might (both in regard of his gravity, and vast Scholastical abilities) be a choise ornament to that University, and fair copy for others to write by, he was very desirous to place him there. But this good man, though often importuned by many friends to accept of the motion, according to his accustomed modesty, with many thanks to the Noble Earle, re∣fused to undertake that place, though of much ho∣nour, service, and outward advantage; pleading, toge∣ther with his unworthiness, the weakness of his body by reason of age, and thereupon his inability to take journies: and because he looked upon himself, as ha∣ving one foot in the Grave, he humbly desired, that a younger man might be thought upon, more likely to be longer serviceable than himself, in a place of so great eminency and trust. And indeed the sense of his own weakness was not a vain presage of his decayes;* 1.27 for not long after he was again surprised by the Co∣lick, which before had shaken him, and made his crazie body less able to endure new conflicts, and these were so sharp, that his recovery appeared despe∣rate, not only to his other friends, but even to his Physitians also. Yet it pleased God though he cha∣stened him sore, not to give him over unto death. For his studies, which seemed to be his meat and drink in his health, were his physick also when he was sick: For whilst he was confined to his chamber, he prepa∣red for the Press his Dissertation de Tetragrammato, and a Grammatical discourse de Bivocalibus; and though this for the subject be not comparable to the other, yet it may be averred, that what he did by the by, and for the refreshment of his languishing body, and

minde, was of more worth than the main work of many Students.

After a long time that he had been a Prisoner in his own house, he, by Gods assistance recovered so much strength as that he was able to go to Gods house: and now he believed himself bound to imploy his Ministerial Gifts in Gods service, and there∣fore he again adventured into the Pulpit, where he spent himself so far that he strained a veyn in his lungs, for which (being then about Seventy three years old) he was let blood, by which, and other good means God was pleased to carry him through that danger.

When he had recruited his veyns, and sinews with fresh abilities, he, being unwilling to fall under that Woe, 1 Cor. 9. 16. for not preaching the Gospel, acted more according to the willingness of his spirit, than was proportionable to the weakness of the flesh; whereupon he fell into a relapse of spitting blood (for which he again permitted a veyn to be opened) which laid on him a necessity of forbe••ring the Pulpit; yet would he never forgoe the administration of the Sa∣craments, nor his usual short discourse at Funerals suitable to the present (whensoever he was sollicited thereunto) though even those shorter exercises of his lungs were painful to him, & wasted that oil, which, like a burning light he spent for the enlightning of others.

The main of his time was now spent in his study, and that was not designed as a meer entertainment of himself in a quiet privacy, but to the publick benefit of the Church for the present, and for posterity, as ap∣pears amongst other works, by those exquisite Anno∣tations upon the Prophesies of Isaiah, Jeremiah, and

the Lamentations; and we should have gained more by his later industry, if the malicious slanders of the ene∣mies of the truth had not diverted his time, and studies to some necessary Apologies.

Neither did he,* 1.28 when he was by the hand of God disabled to preach, betray his Flock into the hands of Wolves, that would make a prey of precious souls, nor desert it. For being troubled, lest the foundation that he had laid (after the example of the wise Ma∣ster-builder St. Paul) should either not be built up∣on, or destroyed, he retained the title of Rector, with a charge beyond the Revenue (as it was some∣times proved) till provision might be made of a faith∣full, and Orthodox Minister, to whom he might comfortably devolve both the burden and the be∣nefit.

To his care of feeding his Flock in publick,* 1.29 very agreeable was his diligence in instructing his Family in private; for on Friday nights weekly after supper he used to expound that short Catechisme which he had published for the use of his Parishioners; in which course he so laid forth the Nature and Attributes of God, the state of man, both intire and corrupt, the means of his Fall, and Recovery; the nature of Faith and Repentance, with the Doctrine of the Sacra∣ments; that his Parlour was one of the best Schooles for a young Student to learn Divinity in; and indeed his house was a private Seminary for divers young Gentlemen of this Nation, and far more Forreigners, who did resort to, and sojourn with him, to receive from him direction, and advancement in their studies; and many who afterwards were eminent in the Churches,

both here, and abroad, were brought up under his eye, at least, as Paul was at the feet of Gamaliel.

Persons of note that had been his assistants were▪* 1.30 Mr. Young, Mr. Goodal, Mr. Symonds, (of whom yet in these later times of Division, Mr. Gataker hath been heard to say, It was pity that our Church had lost him, intimating his turning aside to wayes of separati∣on) Mr. Grayle, and others who are yet living labou∣rers in Gods Vineyard.

Of Forreigners that sojourned with him,* 1.31 and were as ambitious of being entertained by him as if they had been admitted into a University; these were some, Mr. Thylein, who was afterwards a Reverend Pastor of the Dutch Church in London (whose son was brought by his mother but a fortnight before Mr. Gatakers decease, intreating the same good office in the behalf of him, which the Father had with much comfort en∣joyed) Mr. Peters, Mr. And. Demetrius, Mr. Hornbeck, Mr. Rich, Mr. Swerd, Mr. Wittefrangel, Mr. Severinu•• Benzon, Mr. Georg de Mey, Dr. Treschovius, &c.

The strength of Mr. Gatakers memory was extra∣ordinary,* 1.32 as may appear by this, that though he used no Common-place book, yet had he in readiness what∣soever he had read, as is manifested by his manifold Quotations in all his works.

His Gifts for edification may be conjectured by his works which are extant,* 1.33 in which he hath shewed him∣self like the ingenuous and industrious Bee for his rare extraction of all manner of knowledge from almost all Authors, and the solid digestion of it first, and then storing it up for the publick good. His Polite Literature was admired by the great Lights of Learn∣ing

abroad, as the excellent Salmasius, and others with whom he held correspondence. And the exercise of it with condescention to children hath been enjoyed with wonder and pleasure at his Visitation at Tun∣bridge School with the Right Worshipful Company of Skinners, the worthy Patrons thereof; and that which made all his knowledge both usefull and grate∣full, was, that he was neither vain in ostentation, nor morose, or illiberal in reservation of it. But beyond all, he sacrificed his Talents to God, while he made Hagar serve Sarah, and contributed the Egyptian spoyls, all his forreign learning towards the building of the Tabernacle: For with a strange felicity, he made his Humane Literature (both his Moral and Critical studies) to become subservient to Re∣ligion, and instrumental to the explication of heavenly Truths.

His Graces of sanctification were very eminent in every condition, to all purposes, and towards all his Relations. In the private course of his life, his Piety, Humility and Charity were very remark∣able.

His Piety appeared not only by his diligence in preaching,* 1.34 but also by his own frequenting Gods Or∣dinances dispensed by others; in order whereunto he did once a week at least, repair to some Lecture in London, so long as he had liberty to look beyond the bounds of his own Parish: He manifested his Piety also by his strict, careful, and conscientious observa∣tion of the Lords dayes, which he wholly consecrated (except the seasons of repast) unto holy duties, and imployments; and besides he was free in his Contri∣butions

upon divers occasions to the maintaing of the Lords house of Prayer: And because there is a connexion between sacred persons and things, his love to godly and faithfull Ministers may be looked upon as an act of Piety, as well as of Cha∣rity.

Another evident instance of his Zeal for Gods Glory,* 1.35 was his constant consideration of the state of Gods Churches abroad, with a diligent enquiry how it fared with them, and a tender sense of their afflicti∣on, which begat his meditation on Amos 6. 6. entitu∣led, Sorrow for Sion: As also his earnest desire of a Reformation of things amiss amongst our selves, was doubtless acceptable unto God, though this sinful Na∣tion is yet unworthy to have it accomplshed. One special effect and property of his Piety was,* 1.36 that ho∣liness of life expressed in a constant tenor of good duties, with the abridgement of his liberty in things indifferent, especially of Recreations (for he under∣stood no Recreations besides study, and made the pleasanter part of his study, the sawce to the more severe) that he might give no scandal to the good, nor encouragement to the bad; alledging often those two golden Rules of St Paul, All things are lawfull, but all things are not convenient, or expedient; and all things are lawfull, but all things edifie not, 1 Cor. 9. 6. & 10. 23.

His Humility appeared,

1. In that low esteem he had of his own gifts,* 1.37 which yet all others that knew him admired: He was a true Moses, that took not any notice of that shining lustre of his own countenance. Like a fair ear of

Corn loaden with grain, he bended his head down∣wards: For he had nothing of the Pharisaical temper, either to advance himself, or to vilifie his Brethren of meaner gifts.

2. In his freedome from ambition of outward ad∣vantages. For he declined not only large means in the Country, but also both Ecclesiastical Dignities, and Courtly preferments. For he studiously waved the counsel of some who had given notice of him to that hopeful Prince Henry (whom God only shewed to this Land, and then snatched him away to himself) and had it in their design to make way for his being admitted Chaplain to his Highness; and for the same reason he constantly declined publick appearances, in∣somuch as he could not, without much reluctancy, be drawn by those who had most interest in him unto more solemn Assemblies.

3. In his meek conversation with, and condescen∣tion to the meanest Christians: For he refused not familia••••••y to converse with the poorest Christian that repaired to him for counsel or satisfaction in their doubts.

His Charity was large,* 1.38 though for the most part secret, both in giving, and forgiving to poor persons: For he would not permit it to blaze, only allowed it to shine when his example was requisite to lighten and lead others to glorifie God, and gratifie men. In redemption of Captives, relief of poor Protestants, especially of the Ministry; to the repairs of publick and common losses, and general calamities, and to the setting forward of any good work he was strangely liberal, the fruit whereof the Lord returned into his

own bosome, according to that promise, The liberal soul shall be made fat. Yet did he not so exhaust him∣self in his life, but that in his last Will and Testament he did also bequeathe unto the poor of the Parish of Redrith 50 l. To ten of his Brethren in the Ministry, whose wants and necessities, especially if occasioned by the iniquity of the times, he gave 50 l. i. e. to each of them 5 l. and to eight Ministers Widows 5 l. a∣piece, in all 40 l. to them. Thus his good works both went before him, and followed him also unto Heaven, whereby also he hath left behinde him the perfume of a good name, for the imitation of them that survive.

Justice is presupposed unto Charity:* 1.39 For God hates robbery for sacrifice, Isa 61. 8. And Mr. Gataker was exactly just in giving every man his due, though very frequently he remitted of his own right, so that he was, according to the Hebrew phrase, a just man, that is a kinde, equitable person, of a milde disposition, no severe exacter of his own, and a free dispenser of Gods gifts, so that his Righteousness endures for ever, both to his honour upon earth, and to his happiness in Heaven.

In, and about his death, to which the course of his declining dayes leads us,* 1.40 his Patience and Faith were very eminent; the later attended with a deep sense of his own sins, which he acknowledged unto God, and to him only was that Confession needful: For as to men, his conversation was, as •• Bishop•• ought to be, Irreproveable, 1 Tim. 3. 2.

The first step to his decease (for morbus est via ad mortem,* 1.41 sickness is the rode way to death) was a

fainting fit that surprized him on Friday night, July the 7, or rather on Saturday morning, July the 8, yet of this he made no great account (for he disturbed not the rest of a servant by calling for assistance) be∣cause he had at sundry times such faintings, wherein he gave Nature leave to work out her victory over those vapours, or viscous humors that oppressed her. Yet thus far he made use of it, that he compared his infirmity to that of Seneca, which according to his relation, the Physitians of that age called, meditationem mortis, and wished that it might prove to him a prepa∣ration to his dissolution. The indisposition, not cea∣sing with the fit, discovered it self within a short time to be a Tertian Ague, which how gentle soever, yet falling upon a person of his age, and crazie tem∣per (who had long supported a weak frame with a very regular course of diet) made his condition doubtful to his Physitian, who was one of learning and worth, that imployed his best care and skill about that Patient, whom he looked upon as a considerable person to the whole Church.

July the 17,* 1.42 Having published his Will, and taken such order as he thought fit for the settlement of his outward estate, he composed himself to God; his Tertian growing too strong both for Nature and Art, resolved it self into an almost continued Feavor, the extream heat whereof was very painful unto him; yet during those conflicts he shewed a sweet calmness of minde, a heart weaned from the world, to which he had no affection, though his memory exactly ser∣ved him for ordering his charity even to the last; and in one word, he represented a soul wholly submitting to Gods good pleasure.

He professed more than once, that no outward thing troubled him so much, as the condition of that Reverend Minister Mr. Sainthill, who had but lately undertaken that charge at Redrith upon the uncertain Title of Mr. Gatakers life, which now failing so soon, besides the expectation of his Friends, that Minister he foresaw was like to be unsettled, and thereby to suffer some inconvenience.

Though Friends, and Physitians gave him incouraging words at their visits, yet he, being sensible of his in∣ward decayes, could not be flattered into 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hopes of long continuance here, earnestly contending that he was not to expect Miracles. His expectation of Gods dismissing of him, hence was so fixed, th••t be∣ing consulted whether he would appoint any 〈◊〉〈◊〉 per∣son to perform the last office for him? He not startled at the Question, appointed that Mr. Ash should be in∣treated to do that work, because he had done the same at his last wives Funerals; and one opportunity ca∣sually offered it self to set forward that design. For July the 18, Mr. Ash, out of his kinde respect to Mr. Gataker, sent him two Funeral Sermons preached by him, one at Mr. Whitakers, the other at the inter∣ment of Dr. Spurstows only childe. This gave occa∣sion to Mr. Gataker, in the return for that favour, to request the last that he could be capable of.

Upon the receit of a Letter to that purpose, Mr. Ash on the Saturday following,* 1.43 visited his dear and dying Friend, who then told him, that he found him conflicting with his last Adversary; and that though he knew the sting was pulled out, yet nature would struggle. These, and other of his expressions,

Mr. Ash presently wrote down, and related them at the end of his Sermon.

That day in the afternoon being July the 22,* 1.44 he called for some Papers of Mr. Baxters which were sent to him by the Author, with a desire of his judge∣ment concerning them. He wished some short Notes (for the perusal of them had been his last work) to be read over to him, in which he altered something: And having dictated a Letter to that his Learned and Re∣veren Friend, he appointed that that with the Animad∣versions inclosed, should be sent to him. So vigorous was his minde in a body drooping, and dropping into the dust.

He had now given over the use of Physick as to any prolongation of his life:* 1.45 For he said that he would struggle no more, because he found that what was prescribed for the refreshing of nature, did rather op∣press it, and therefore he was resolved to wait the Lords leisure. An ancient servant that waited on him, desiring leave to rectifie the bed-cloaths, and saying withall, Sir, your head doth not lye right; he answered, It will lye right in my Coffin.

July the 25,* 1.46 at one a clock in the morning, Death began to seize on his left foot, from which the spirits retiring, he felt the deadness of that part, and a very sharp pain in the part of the leg adjoyning to it. Hereupon he called for his Son, and told him, He feared that he should have a difficult death. He then com∣manded two Surgeons to be sent for to look upon his leg, whom he required to tell him, whether or no his Foot were any whit discoloured. It seems he had conceived some fear of a Gangrene, but being satis∣fied

by them that there could not be any ground for such an apprehension, he rested with patience. In the evening of that day being visited by Mr. Santhil, and lying in great anguish by reason of the violence of his heat, he prayed for pity and patience; support here, and a comfortable issue.

July. 26. Early in the morning,* 1.47 being full of pain, gasping, and panting, he cryed out, How long Lord, How long? Come speedily. But though Death had made an encroachment upon his outward perishing part, yet his inward man felt no decay. For with a full use of reason, he that morning ordered the con∣tinuance of a weekly relief to certain poor persons, as also of••some small monethly Pensions to some widows for a season: He also caused his Physitian to be con∣sulted with about taking something that might pro∣cure rest, and was erected to a more cheerful dispo∣sition: He also enquired after News, and dicoursed freely, yet confessed himself to be in pain.

About three a clock that afternoon,* 1.48 feeling some great change after the putting forth of Nature, he called his Sister, Son, and Daughter to receive his last charge, and when they were come, he thus spake unto them; My heart fails, and my strength fails, but God is my Fortress, and the strong Rock of my salvation: Into thy hands therefore I commend my soul, for thou hast redeemed me, O God of truth: Then turning his dis∣course to his Son, he said, Son, you have a great charge, look to it: Instruct your wife and family in the fear of God, and discharge your Ministry conscientiously. To his Sister (a Gentlewoman two years elder than him∣self) he said, Sister, I thought you might have gone

before me, but God calls for me first, I hope we shall meet in Heaven, I pray God to bless you. His Daughter he admonished, to minde the worldless, and God more, for that all things without Piety, and the true fear of God are nothing worth. He advised also that his Son Draper (being a man of means) should entertain some godly Minister into his house to teach his children, and in∣struct his family. He exhorted them all to love and concord, which (he said) he hoped the rather, because he had cleerly settled his estate, so as to prevent differences. He inlarged himself in each of these a little, wishing them all to lay to heart the words of a dying man. After this he desired that all should with∣draw, and leave him to his rest, which he hoped was at hand: But all his conflicts were not yet accom∣plished.

July the 27, His voice began to be less intelligible, the putrid preternatural heat having furred up his mouth, as is usual in Feavors; yet both his under∣standing, and senses were very quick and active: About six of the clock in the evening he called for his Son to recommend his soul unto God by prayer, and endea∣voured to express what he desired, but could not do it so clearly as to be well understood; yet by his gestures he gave assurance that he understood perfectly, and concurred fervently with the devotions used on his be∣half. Within an hour after, Nature being quite spent, he gave up the ghost,* 1.49 and was translated into that Rest which he so often and earnestly had desired to finde in another World, because he could obtain none in this.

Thus after forty three years inspection of this pious

and diligent Pastor of Redrith, he left his Flock, re∣turning to the great, and chief Shepherd of our souls, from his gracious hands to receive an incorruptible Crown of glory, having almost compleated fourscore years.

For his Person,* 1.50 the express whereof (though he was often importuned by dear Friends) he would ne∣ver allow to be taken either by pencel, or sculpture. He was of a middle stature, of a thin body, and of a lively countenance, of a fresh complexion, that looked young when he came to preach at ••incolns Inne, and yet was grey betimes, which made him to be thought elder than he was, because he had long appeared ancient in the eyes of the world; of a choicely tem∣perate diet; of a free and cheerful conversation, ad∣dicted much to study, yet not secluding himself from fit company. He was of a quick apprehension, sharp reason, solid judgement, vast memory, which (through Gods mercy) continued fresh to the last of his dayes. He was Helluo librorum, one that did not vainly en∣crease his Liberary for ostentation, but chose books for use, which also he made of them so happily, that he had conquered a strong portion of learning, which he made to serve him upon all occasions. He was not so great a treasurer, as a free dispenser of those riches of the minde, which he did communicate readily, expeditely and cleerly. He was an ornament to the University, and of that Society designed for the study of the Law; a Light of the Church, the salt of the place where he abode; a loving Husband; a discreet Parent; a faithful Friend; a kinde Neighbour; a courteous entertainer of strangers; a candid encou∣rager

of Students; a stout Champion for the Truth, yet a lover of peace, preserving the unity of Charity even where there was difference of judgement; an Adversary to novel fancies, as well as to antiquated superstitons in Religion; of a Christian Magnanimity in despising the world, and therefore resolute, through bad report, as well as good, to maintain a clear consci∣ence. In brief, he was a faithful Shepherd, and a fit mirrour for Pastors, as well as an exact patern for people; who having almost compleated eighty years, departed full of 〈◊〉〈◊〉; but being dead, yet speaks in his living Monuments of sound Learning.

His Printed Works are these:

• Of the Nature, and use of Lots, in 4^o.
• A Just Defence of the same against Mr. Jo. Balm∣ford,* 1.51 in 4^o.
• Tho. Gatakeri Londinatis Antithesis, partim Guilielmi Amesii, partim Gisberti voetii de sorte Thesibus re∣posita, in 4^o.
• A Discourse of Transubstantiation, with a Defence thereof, in 4^o.
• Davids Instructer.
• The Christian mans care.
• The Spiritual Watch.
• The gain of Godliness, with Self-sufficiency.
• The Just mans joy, with signs of Sincerity.
• Jacobs Thankfulness.
• Davids Remembrancer.
• Noahs Obedience.
• A Memorial of Englands Deliverance in 88.
• ...

• Sorrow for Sion.
• Gods Parley with Princes, with an appeal from them to him.
• Eleazers Prayer, being a Marriage Sermon.
• A good Wife Gods gift.
• A Wife indeed.
• Marriage Duties.
• Deaths Advantage.
• The benefit of a good Name, and a good end.
• Abrahams Decease.
• Jeroboams Sons Decease.
• Christian Constancy crowned by Christ.

All these are Printed in one Volume in Folio.

• The Decease of Lazarus, in 4^o.
• St. Stevens last Will and Testament, in 4^o.
• A Defence of Mr. Bradshaw against Jo. Cann, in 4^o.
• Gods eye on his Israel, in 4^o.
• A mistake removed, and Free-Grace, &c. in answer to J. Saltmarsh in 4^o.
• Shadows without Substance, a Rejoinder adversus ••un∣dem in 4^o.
• Mysterious Clouds and Mists, &c. an Answer to J. Simpson, in 4^o.
• Mr. Ant. Wottons Defence, in 8^o.
• A true Relation of Passages between Mr. Wotton, and Mr. Walker, in 4^o.
• An Answer to Mr. Geor. Walkers Vindication, in 4^o.
• A Vindication of the Annotations on Jer. 10. 2. in 4^o.
• A Discourse Apologetical, in 4^o.
• Marcus Antoninus Imp. cum Commentario, in 4^o.
• De Novi Instrumenti Stylo. Dissertatio adversus Pso∣chenii Diatribam, in 4^o.
• ...

• Cinn us, sive Adversaria Miscellania, Lib. 6. in 4^o.
• De Baptismatis Infantilis vi, & efficatiâ, Disceptatio inter D. S. Wardum, & Tho. Gatakerum, in 8^o.
• T. G. Stricturae in D. Davenantii Epistolam, in 8^o.
• De Tetragammato, in 8^o.
• Ejusdem vindicatio adversus Capellum, in 8^o.
• De Bivocalibus, Dissertatio Philologica, in 8^o.
• Animadversiones in J. Piscatoris, & L. Lucii scripta ad∣versaria de causa meritoria Justificationis, cum re∣sponsione ad L. Lucii Vindicias, in 12^o.
• Fran. Gomari Disputationes Elencticae, de Justificationis materiâ, & formâ, Elenchus, in 8^o.
• Stricturae in Barth. Wigelini Sangallensis de Obedien∣tia Christi disputationem Theologicam, in 8^o.
• The Annotations upon Isaiah, Jeremy, and the Lamen∣tations, which was his work in the great Notes upon the Bible.
• Adversaria Miscellanea in qibus Sacrae Scripturae & & aliorum Scriptorum lux redditur. Edente Ca∣rolo, Thome Gatakeri filio. Fol.

Notes

• * 1.1

  His Parentage
• * 1.2

  His Birth.
• * 1.3

  His Education
• * 1.4

  His remove to Cambridge.
• * 1.5

  Gods Provi∣den
• * 1.6

  His industry and preferment
• * 1.7

  His remove to Sidney College.
• * 1.8

  His abode in Essex.
• * 1.9

  His imploy∣ment there.
• * 1.10

  His Ordinati∣on.
• * 1.11

  His return to Cambridge.
• * 1.12

  His Diligence
• * 1.13

  His Ministe∣••••ial imploy∣ment.
• * 1.14

  His remove to London.
• * 1.15

  His call to Lin∣conlus-Inne.
• * 1.16

  His Self-deni••
• * 1.17

  His rem••ve to Rotherhithe.
• * 1.18

  His Industry.
• * 1.19

  His Catechi∣zing.
• * 1.20

  His first Mar∣riage.
• * 1.21

  His second Marriage.
• * 1.22

  His third Mar∣riage.
• * 1.23

  His fourth Marriage.
• * 1.24

  He views the Low-Coun∣tries.
• * 1.25

  He is chos••n to the Assem∣bly.
• * 1.26

  His Self de∣nial.
• * 1.27

  His Distem∣pers.
• * 1.28

  His care of his Flock.
• * 1.29

  His Family imployments.
• * 1.30

  Persons bred under him. English.
• * 1.31

  Forreigners.
• * 1.32

  His great Me∣mory.
• * 1.33

  His great Learning.
• * 1.34

  His Piety.
• * 1.35

  His Zeal.
• * 1.36

  His holy life.
• * 1.37

  His Humility
• * 1.38

  His Charity.
• * 1.39

  His Justice.
• * 1.40

  His Patience, and Faith.
• * 1.41

  His Sickness.
• * 1.42

  His prepara∣tion for death.
• * 1.43

  ••is words to Mr Ash.
• * 1.44

  His return to Mr. Baxter.
• * 1.45

  He waits for Death.
• * 1.46

  Death seizeth on his leg.
• * 1.47

  The vigour of his natural parts.
• * 1.48

  His last charge to his Relati∣ons.
• * 1.49

  His Death.
• * 1.50

  His Character
• * 1.51

  His Works.