Cicero against Catiline, in IV invective orations containing the whole manner of discovering that notorious conspiracy / done into English by Christopher Wase.

The Second ORATION Against CATILINE. (Book 2)

The Argument.

Catiline having flung out of the Senate, went home, and there reflecting upon the unsuccessfulness of the Morning attempt upon the Person of the Consul, and seeing the City strongly guarded, concluded it safest with what forces he could suddenly and secretly carry wit him, to gain the Camp of Man∣lius: Wherefore having given Len∣tulus and Cethegus in charge to strengthen his Faction in the City, and at convenient season to put in execution the Results of their former Counsels, in

order to a general Insurrection, when he should draw up with his Army to∣wards the City: at Midnight he left Rome, with 300 in company. The next day, being the IX. of November, Tully calls the People to the Place of Assembly, both to justifie to them his challenging Catiline of Conspiracy the day before, and to warn them to stand upon their Guard against the Con∣federates that still remain behind in the Town.

Gentlemen,

1. AT last with much ado, have we either expelled, or let out, or else waited upon L. Catiline of himself, going out of Town, foaming with rage, breathing Treason, unnaturally plotting the destruction of his Countrey, and menacing you and this City with Fire and Sword. He is gone, he is got his way, he is escaped, he is broke loose: No

longer shall any mischief against this Town be brewed by that Monster and Prodigy of Men with∣in the Town. And without con∣troversie have we prevailed against him, that was the onely Ring-lea∣der of this Intestine War: For no longer now shall that (a) 1.1 Dagger be busy a∣midst the ribbs of us; nor shall we be afraid in (b) 1.2 the Field of Mars nor in the Market-Place, nor in the Senate, nor in a word, within our own doors. He has quitted his ground,

when he fled the City. We shall now openly wage a just War with a declared Enemy, no body con∣tradicting: undoubtedly we have destroyed and bravely vanquished him, what time we put him from private plotting into open Rebel∣lion.

2. But that he did not carry ou•• of Town, as he designed, the point of his Sword stained in bloud; that he went and we alive; that we have wrested the weapon out of his hand; that he left behind him the Citizens in safety, and the Town standing: what mortificati∣on do you think it to be, and heart∣breaking to him? Now lies he groveling on the ground, and is sensible that he is a lost and ruined man, and oftentimes turns his Eyes back upon the City, lament∣ing, it has escaped his ravenous Jaws; which City seems to me to

look more cheerfully, since it has disgorged and cast out so pestilent a fellow.

3. But if there be any now, as all of you ought to be, affected, that upon this very point, where∣in my Oration does boast and tri∣umph, should greatly accuse me, because I did not rather apprehend so Capital an Enemy than let him escape; it is none of my fault, Sirs, but the times; L. Catiline should have been long since taken off and executed, and both old Presidents and the severity of this Empire, and the publick interest required it at my hands. But how many, think you, were there, who would not believe my Information? How many, that out of simplicity could not have thought it? How many that even justifie it? How many, that out of corrupt Principles, a∣betted it? Now if upon taking

him off, I had judged all your dan∣ger removed, long since had I cut off L. Catiline, not onely at the hazard, of losing my reputation, but also my life.

4. But when I plainly saw, though you had been all satis••ied in the cause, if I had put him to death according to his demerit, it could not be that I might prosecute the Complices, so much should I be maligned: I brought it to this pass, that you might then openly fight, when you manifestly saw your Enemy; which Enemy, Gen∣tlemen, how much you need fear, now he is gone, you may under∣stand by this, that I am troubled at nothing more than that he went out of Town so ill attended; would he had carried along with him all his forces! He took me out Tongillus, that he was scan∣dalously reported to have been

fond of in his Childhood; Publicius and Munatius, whose debts con∣tracted in Taverns, could bring no fear to the State: He left behind him men, how considerable? o•• of what vast debts? how potent? how noble?

5. Therefore that Army of his•• in respect of our Gallick Legions, and that Levy, which Q. Metel∣lus made in the Picenian and Gal∣lick Countrey, and these forces, which are daily listed by us, I greatly slight, an Army made up of desperate old men, debauched Farmers, and Countrey Beggars and Bankrupts, men that had ra∣ther forfeit their Recognizance than quit his Colours, whom if I should shew, not so much as the Front of our Army, but onely the Sheriffs Writ, they will drop down, These that I see flaunting in the Market, nay, sitting in the

Senate, that are perfumed, that shine in Purple; I had rather he had carried out his Souldiers with him; who, if they tarry here, take notice, that not so much that Army, as these, that absent from their Colours, are to be feared by us; and so much the more dange∣rous are they: because they are sensible that I am informed of their designs; and yet are not conce••ned at it.

6. I see, to whose share Apulia is allotted, who has Tuscany, who the Picenian Countrey, who the Gal∣lick, who it was, that required he might carry on the massacring and firing the City. They perceive all their Plots of the other night have been brought to me, I declared them yesterday in the Senate, Cati∣line himself was put in a fright, fled upon it. What do these stay for? I assure them they are much mi∣staken,

if they suppose my for∣bearance will alwayes continue. What I waited for, I have already attained; that you might all be convinced there is a manifest Plot against the State, unless per∣chance there be some, that ima∣gine men of Catiline's temper do not abet Catiline. There is no longer room for patience, the na∣ture of affairs calls aloud for seve∣rity, yet I will still allow them one favour; let them be gone, let them march out, let them not suffer poor Catiline to pine away, for lack of them. I will shew them the way, he is gone the Aurelian Road, if they make haste, they will over-take him before night.

7. Oh happy State, if it could drain out the sink of the Town. In truth, upon the throwing off Catiline onely, the State seems to

me much eased, and on the mend∣ing hand: For what mischief or villany could be devised or thought on, which he did not contrive? What Sorcerer in all Italy, what Hector, what High∣way-man, what Assassine, what Pa∣ricide, what Forger of Wills, what Cheat, what Whoremaster, what Prodigal, what Adulterer, what in∣famous Strumpet, what Debauchel of Youth, what debauched, what desperate person can be found, but confesses Catiline was his great ac∣quaintance? What Murders have been committed these late years, that he had not a hand in? What abominable Rape, but of his set∣ting.

8. Now where was there ever such a spirit of inveigling youth as in him? who did himself love some unnaturally, was scandalou••ly prostituted to the unnatural love

of others; some he promised the enjoyment of their lust, others the death of their Parents, not onely by his instigation, but by his as∣sistance•• and now, how of a sudden has he got together a great many men of desperate fortunes, not onely from the Town, but from the Countrey also? There is none in debt, either in Rome, or any corner of all Italy, that he has not drawn in to his incredible Con∣federacy in Treason.

9. And that you may perceive his different Inclinations in things of a con••••ary Nature, there is none in the Fencing School, any thing forward to bold attempts, but con∣fesses, he was Catiline's Intimate: None any thing wanton or loose on the Stage, but gives out that he and Catiline were in a manner all one. And yet this very Person, inur'd to suffer Cold and Hunger

and Thirst, and watch in pursuit of Whoredom and Villany, was cried up by these his Companions as one hardy; when as the Aids of Industry and Instruments of Ver∣tue, were wasted upon Lust and Violence.

10. Now if his Comrades would go along with him, if the scandalous Crew of desperate Per∣sons would quit the Town, hap∣py should we be, the State bles∣sed, and an Immortal Renown up∣on my Consulship! for the lusts of men now-a-dayes are grown im∣moderate, their attempts inhu∣mane and unsufferable; they think of nothing but Massacres, but fi∣ring, but plundering, they have spent their own Estates, they have squandred away their Fortunes, their Stock has been long since gone, now their Credit begins to fail them; yet they have the same

pride as when they had a plentiful Estate. Now if amidst their Drink∣ing and Gaming, they onely re∣garded Riot and Whoring, they were indeed little hopeful, but yet tolerable. But who can endure this, that Cowards should lay wait for the Valiant, Fools for the Wise, Sots for the Sober, Sluggards for the Vigilant? That sit me at Treats with their Misses in their Laps, their Brains swimming with Wine, Stomachs over charged with Meat, Garlands on their Heads, daubed with Sweet Oyntment, weakned with Whoring, and belch out in their talk the slaughter of the honest Party and the firing of the City.

11. Over whom I am confident there hangs some fate, and that the rewards long since due to their boldness, baseness, treachery, and lust, is either imminent, or cer∣tainly approaching. Whom, if

my Consulship, because it cannot cure, shall cut off, it will not pro∣long some small and inconsiderable time, but many Ages to the State: for there is no Nation, which we need fear, no King that can wage war with the People of Rome: (c) 1.3 All forreign Affairs are quietly settled by Sea and Land, through the valor of one man; the Plot is within; the danger locked within; the Enemy is within: We have a Conflict with Luxury, with Mad∣ness, with Treachery. I declare my self, Gentlemen, General in this War. I am contented to be maligned by desperate persons. What can be healed, I will use all means to heal; what must be cut off, I will not suffer to spread to the common destruction: There∣fore either let them be gone, or let them be quiet; or, if they do abide, both in Town and in the

same mind, let them expect what they deserve.

12. B••t some there are, Gen∣tlemen, that say, Catiline was by me thrown into Banishment. Which, if I could effect with a wo••d speaking, I would throw out them that say so. For he, I'll warrant you, poor, timorous, and over-modest man, could not bear the reproof of the Consul: as∣soon as commanded to go into Banishment, obey'd Orders. Nay yesterday, when I was almost murdered in my own house, I summoned a Senate into Iupiter Stator's Temple: I informed the Senato••s of the whole matter, whither when Catiline was come, what Senators spoke to him? who saluted him? In a word, who looked upon him, so well as a for∣lorne Citizen, and not rather as a most dangerous Enemy? Nay the

Chief of that Order left the part of the Seat, towards which he came, naked and empty.

13. Hereupon, I, the severe Consul, that throw men into Ba∣nishment with a word speaking, que∣stioned Catiline, Whether he had been present, or no, at the (d) 1.4 Night Meeting in M. Lecca's House•• when he, though bold enough, yet self-convinced, was at first si∣lent, I made furthe•• discovery, what he treated of that Night, where he had been•• what h•• had resolved upon for the next night; and in∣form'd how the whole Course of the War wa•• projected by him. When as he stopt and stayed, I questio∣ned him, Why he should make any demurre of going thither, whither he had long since intended•• having I know, sent before, his Arms, his

Axes, his Rods, his Trumpets, his Ensigns, and that Silver Eagle, to which he had set up at home a Chap∣pel for his Treacheries.

14. Did I throw him into Ba∣nishment, that I saw was already entred upon a War? For that Captain Ill warrant you, that has encamped in the Fesulan Coun∣trey, proclaimed War against the Roman people upon his own ac∣count, and that Camp does not now wait for Catiline to be their General, and now being thrown in∣to Banishment, he will ••urn aside to (e) 1.5 Mars••illes, as they give out, and not into this Camp•• Oh un∣happy condition, not onely of steering, but of saving the State.

Now, if L. Catiline, hemmed in, and disabled by my Counsels, La∣bors, and Dangers, should take a sudden fright, alter his purpose, desert his Party, abandon his reso∣lution of raising War, from this Carier of Treason and Rebellion, should turn his Course into flight and Exile; he will not be report∣ed to have been by me disarmed of the weapons of his insolency, nor astonished and affrighted by my di∣ligence, nor put besides his hopes and endeavours; but uncondemned innocent man, to have been thrown into Banishment by the Consul, with foul and threatning words: and some will have it be thought, if he shall do so, not that he was guil∣ty, but unfortunate, nor that I was a most diligent Magistrate, but a most cruel Tyrant.

15. I can well afford, Gentle∣men, to bear the storm of this

false and unreasonable aspe••sion, so the danger of this dreadful and unnatural War be diverted from you, let it, since they will have it so, be said that he was thrown out by me, so he do, but go into Banishment: but take my word he will not do so. Sirs! I shall never wish of the Immortal Gods, for the abating any hard opinion of me, that you should hear L. Cati∣line is in the head of the Enemies Army, and marching in the Field; yet within three dayes you will hear it: and I much more fear the other thing, least the time may once come, wherein it prove a greater fault that I let him go out, than that I threw him out: But there being some, that say he is persecu∣ted, when he went of himself, what would those men have said, if he had been executed?

16. Although these very men, that give out that Catiline is gone to Marseilles, do not so much complain, as fear that it is so. None of them has so much ten∣derness for him, but had rather that he should go to Manlius than to those of Marseill••s. But, in truth, had he never before de∣signed, what he now goes about, yet he had rather be killed in Re∣bellion than live in Banishment. But now, when as nothing has yet befallen him, besides his own desire and design, but that he went out of Rome, and we alive; let us rather wish he would, then complain that he doth go into Banishment.

17. But why are we thus long discoursing of one Enemy? and that Enemy that now declares himself so, and whom I no longer fear; because there is, as I alwayes

desired, a Wall between us; we speak nothing yet of those, that dissemble that tarry behind at Rome, that keep amongst us? whom I do not so much endeavour to punish, if it could any way be prevented, as to cure and recon∣cile them to the State. Nor do I see, why that should not be pos∣sible, if they take my Counsel; for I will relate to you, Gentlemen, of what sort of men those forces are made up, then will I apply to the particulars the best Remedy my advice and perswasion can pro∣vide.

18. One Rank of them is such, as, though they have great debts, yet have greater Estates; out of love to which, they can by no means afford to get themselves clear. The appearance of these men has the fairest shew, for they are substantial men; but their in∣tention

and pretence is most im∣pudent. Should you be plentiful and splendid in Lands, in Houses, in Plate, in Retinue, and in all Ac∣commodations, and do you stick to diminish some of your Estate, and to purchase a good reputation? Why, what do you look for? For War? What? Do you then think in the Common Desolation, that your possessions shall be sacred and untouched? For (f) 1.6 a Bill to can∣cel old Debts? They are much mi∣staken, that look for that from Catiline; I will help them to such a Bill, but it must be a Bill of Sale. For, they who have E∣states, can be preserved by no o∣ther means; which, if they would have done sooner, neither (which,

is the most foolish thing in the World) tire out their Rents with paying interest; we might have had more able and honest Citizens of them. But such men as these I think not very much to be feared, because they may either be reclaimed, or, if they shall continue in the same mind, they seem rather to me, such as will joyn their prayers than their arms against the State.

19. Another sort is of those, that, though they are deeply in debt, yet they affect Tyranny, they would be Princes; those pla∣ces which they cannot look for, if the State continue in peace, if it be (g) 1.7 disturbed, they hope they shall attain: Who should have this advice given them, the self∣same, as all the rest, to despair of obtaining that, which they attempt: First of all, that I my self am vi∣gilant,

active, provident over the State; then the well-affected are in great Courage, great Concord, in very great number; that there are great Forces of Soldiery; lastly, that the Immortal Gods will aid and assist this invincible People, most renowned Empire, and most beautiful City, against such a prodigious Treason. But grant they had obtained, what they pursue with such madness, do they hope, that in the ashes of the Town, and blood of their Citizens, which with a traiterous and an unnatural heart they have conspired, themselves should be Consuls, or Protectors, or indeed Kings? Do they not see, that they lust after that, which, if they could compass, must needs be granted some Fugitive or Fencer?

20. A third sort is well stricken in years, yet trained up to hardi∣ness; in which rank is Manlius himself, whose Charge Catiline has now taken. (h) 1.8 These are persons of those Plantations, that Sulla settled, all which I take to be of honest Citizen•• and valiant Men. But these are Planters, who live too high and pro••d upon their unexpected and new got moneys: These, whilest they build like Princes, whilest they pride them∣selves in their Manor Houses, Coaches, great Retinues, Enter∣tainments, Furnitures, are sunk into so great Debt, that if they would ever come out, Sulla, must be again raised from the Dead by these: who have also drawn in some Farmors, poor and needy men, upon the same expectation of their old Rapines; both of whom, I place, Sirs, in the same

Rank of Robbers and Plunderers. But I advise them this, Let them leave off their madness, and dream∣ing of Sequestrations•• and Pro∣tectorships: For the Country ha∣ving been burnt, retains such a dread of those times, that now-a-dayes not onely Men, but the Brutes themselves, in my opinion, would not endure such outrages.

21. The fourth sort indeed is heterogeneous and mixt and facti∣ous, such as have been long since sunk; such as never can hold up their head again; such as partly by idleness, partly by ill manage∣ing their business; partly by bad husbandry, are tottering with old Debts: who being tired with Suits, Judgments, and Outlaw∣ries, are said to flock in great num∣bers, both out of Town and Countrey to that Camp. These men I judge not so much to be

stout Souldiers, as Shifting Baf∣flers: Which persons, first, If they cannot stand, even let them fall; but so, that not onely the State, but not so much as their next Neigh∣bour should be sensible of it: For I do not understand the reason why if they cannot live in credit, they should desire to fall with dishonour; or why they should suppose it less pain to sink with many, than in sinking alone.

22. A fifth sort is of Pari∣cides, Murderers, and in a word, of all Malefactors; whom I do not intice from Catiline, neither can they be torn from him; and in truth let them perish in Rebellion, being so many, that the Prison can∣not hold them.

23. But the last sort is, not onely in their Roll, but also in their course of life, that which is properly Catilines, of his List; nay

of his Lust and Cap: such as you see with set and oynted Hair, ei∣ther Beardless, or with spruce Beards; in (i) 1.9 Tunicks, with Sleeves, wrapt in Mantles, and not in Gowns: All the indust••y of whose life and labour of watching, is laid out in Revellings. In this Crew, all Gamesters, all Adulte∣rers, all loose and debauched pe••∣sons do keep. These fine and soft Lads, have not onely the Trade of Courting and being Courted, nor of (k) 1.10 Singing and Dancing, but also of flourishing Daggers and scattering Poison; who, unless they be gone, unless they perish, though Catiline should perish, be well assured, this will be a standing Nursery of Catilines

in the State. But what do those poor wretches mean? Can they carry their small Girles with them into the Camp? And how can they be without them, especially these long Cold Nights? Or in what sort can they bear the (l) 1.11 Ap∣pennine, and those Frosts and Snows, unless they think they shall the more easily endure the Weather, because they have practised to dance naked at Feasts?

24. A War greatly to be dreaded, when Catiline hath a∣bout him this ••ewd Life-guard! Now, Gentlemen, draw up your Garrisons and your Armies against these precious Forces of Catiline; and first, against that broken and battered Fencer, range your Con∣suls and Generals; then against that naked and weather-beaten party of shipwrackt Creatures; draw forth the flower and strength

of all Italy. Now the Cities of the Plantations and Boroughs shall ballance Catiline's Fastnesses in the Woods: Nor in trut•• ought I to compare your other Forces, Tro••phies, and Strong holds, with the want and beggery of that Rebel.

25. But if, waving all these things, whereof we have suppli••s, he is in want; the Senate, the Knights, the Roman People, the City, the Treasury, the Customs, all Italy, the several Provinces, Foreign Nations; I say, if wa∣ving these things, we would match the bare causes which are in di∣spute one with another; by that onely we may apprehend how flat they are laid: For, on the one side modesty fights, on the other, scorn; on this part, Purity, on the o∣ther Debauchery; on this side Cre∣dit, on that side Knavery; on this Loyalty, on that Treason; on this

side Stayedness, on the other Mad∣ness; on this side Honour, on that Baseness; on this Gove••nment, on that Lust: In summe, on this side, Equity, Temperance, Cou∣rage, Prudence; all Vertues, con∣tend with Oppression, with Lux∣ury, with Cowardize, with Rash∣ness, with all Vices. Lastly, Wealth with Want, Right Rea∣son with Absu••dness, Good Judg∣ment with Infatuation. Lastly, Fair Hope engages with the De∣spair of all things. In such a Com∣bate and Battle, though the Af∣fections of men should with draw, would not the Immortal Gods themselves oblige so many and so great Vices to be over-thrown by these most Excellent Vertues.

26. Which things being so, Gentlemen, do yo••, as I have before said, watch and ward your private houses: I have taken Or∣der

and provided, that the City be sufficiently guarded without putting you into any fear or A∣larme. All your Planters and Bur∣gesses, having been certified by 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of this Nights Excursion of Cati∣line, will sufficiently defend their Cities and Bounds. The Fencers, which he thought would make him a great and a sure party, although they are better affected than some of the Senators, shall yet be secu∣red. Q. Metellus, that I upon prospect of this, sent before into the Gallican and Picenian Coun∣trey, will either surprise him him∣self, or suppress all his motions and endeavours. But for the set∣tling, dispatching, and ordering all other things, we will immedi∣ately move the House, which you see is summoned.

27. Now for those which have tarr••ed behind in Town, and in

truth, which have been left there by Catiline, to the destruction of it and all you; though they are enemies, yet because they are na∣tural Citizens, I would warn them again and again. My forbearing hitherto, if it have seemed to a∣ny too slack, has waited for this, that what was hidden, might break out. For the time to come, I can forget no longer that this is my Countrey, that I am their Consul; that I must either live with them, or die for them. There is no Porter at the Gate, no Scout upon the Road, if any will go out, they may shift for them∣selves: But whoever shall stir in the Town, that I shall discover not onely his acting, but any at∣tempting, or endeavour against his Countrey, he shall find; that there are in the City, vigilant Consuls, there are excellent Ma∣gistrates,

there is a Couragious Se∣nate, that there are Arms and a Prison, which our Ancestors have appointed to be for the avenging of unnatural and notorious Villa∣nies.

28. And all this shall be so car∣ried, Gentlemen, that the most important affairs with the least noise, the greatest dangers with∣out alarme, an intestine and do∣mestick War, the cruellest and greatest as ever was recorded, may be suppressed under my single Conduct and Generalship in the Long Robe: Which I will so ma∣nage, Gentlemen, if it be any wayes possible, that not so much as any Criminal in the Town may endure the punishment due to his Treachery. But if open Rebelli∣on, If the imminent hazard of my Countrey, shall force me from this temper of mind, I shall be sure to

compass that other thing, which in so great and so dangerous a Re∣bellion, seems a boldness to wish, that no honest person may mis∣carry, and that by the executi∣on of a few, ye may be all preser∣ved.

29. Which things I promise ••ou, Gentlemen, not upon Con∣fidence of my own Wisdom, nor the Cou••sels of Men, but upon many, and those undoubted In∣timations of the Immortal Gods; by whose guidance, I have come to this hope and resolution; who now, not at a distance, as they were wont in forme•• times, from a foreign and remote Enemy, but here in presence, do defend their Temples, and the Houses of the City with their power and assist∣ance; whom you, Si••s, in duty ought to petition, worship, and implore, That what City they

have pleased to raise to be most beautiful, flourishing, and pow∣erful, they would preserve from the unnatural Treason of most de∣sperate Citizens, all the power of Foreign Enemies being subdued both by Sea and Land.

Notes

• (a) 1.1

  Stabbing was infa∣mous in all Ages, whence those Braves or Assassines that were noted for Cow∣ardly and Desperate lying in wait to murder men•• were from the Ponyard which they carried, being in Latine Sica, called Si∣car••i.
• (b) 1.2

  Mars's Field was a piece of Town ground (the Ancient Crown-land) which the Romans at the expu••si∣••n of Tarquin the Proud, seized and converted to the use of Electing their Magistrates in it. Now there was a Statu••e in Rome, Tha•• none should bring a Weapon in•• to the Place for Assembly of the People, nor into the Senate, nor into the Iudgment Hall. But Catiline had in •• former Conspiracy come to the Consular Election arm'd, with design t•• cut off the Consuls. And now Tully some few dayes before, at the late Election of Consuls, as going in fear of his life, had come into the Field of Mars, wearing a great remarkable Coat of Male.
• (c) 1.3

  Pom∣pey had a•• that time clear'd the Mediterrane∣an of Pi∣rates, and had well-nigh di∣spatch'd the long Wa•• with Mithri∣dates King of Pontus.
• (d) 1.4

  It was a fundam••n∣tal Law in Rom•• of the XII. Tabl••s, not to h••ld Night Me••••∣ings within the City•• and there was a ••••••∣binian S••••∣tute, Q•••• conciones ullas cl••nde∣stinas in 〈◊〉〈◊〉•• be con••••a∣visset, more majorum ca∣pitall sup••li∣cio mult••∣retur. Po••∣tius Latr••••, H•• that s••all draw tog••∣ther 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Meeting•• within 〈◊〉〈◊〉 City•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 suffer th•• pains of High Treason, which was with the Romans to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••yed to ••he Whipping-Post, scourg'd, and beheaded.
• (e) 1.5

  Ca••i∣line leaving the Town, wrote Le••ters upon the way to his friends and the Prime of the Nobility, that being he saw him∣s••lf ••ircum∣vent••d by false Accusa∣tion, and could ••ot withstand the 〈…〉〈…〉 of his 〈…〉〈…〉 with dr••••n to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 se••••les; 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 no•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he we•••• con∣scio•••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 himself of any such crime, but to prevent all occasi∣on•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••••t••rbing the publick Peace.

  〈◊〉〈◊〉 is •• famous Port in France, planted from Asia in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••imes of the Persian Empire; of old renown'd for 〈◊〉〈◊〉, ••ith other Vertues, Policy, Learning, and an emi∣••ent aff••ction to th•• Roman State.
• (f) 1.6

  In Ca∣ses of extra∣ordinary publick Ne∣cessities, there have been fram'd Acts or P••o∣clamations, for the Re∣leasing all old Debts to a certain day. Such was the Jubilee among the Hebrews, such the Act call'd 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 or 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 among the Greek••, as t••••se Novae Tabulae of the Romans; and such in some measure are Acts in these later times, for the releasing of poor Priso∣ne••••, that shall swear themselves not worth 5 or 10 l.
• (g) 1.7

  Like the Fish••rm••n in ••he Fable, who troubled the Waters, ••hat ••e might c••tch the ••ore Fish.
• (h) 1.8

  Sulla having over∣thrown the Marian Par∣ty and ma∣ster'd the State, plac'd his Victori∣ous Army in the at∣tainted Lands; which h•• di∣vided a∣mongst 47 Legions.
• (i) 1.9

  The measure of commendable and proper habit, is such as either conduc••th to, or at least consists with readiness of Action in e∣very ones place; there∣fore the Ro∣mans con∣demned in Men, especi∣ally Souldi∣ers, Gar∣ments with Sleeves and Trains.
• (k) 1.10

  To sing, play on Instruments of Musick and dance curiously, were qualisications of no cre∣dit at Rome, and look'd upon as light and aiery, nor suita∣ble to the Roman gravity, but in high esteem among the Grecians.
• (l) 1.11

  A ridg•• of Hills run∣ning the length of Italy North and South from the Alps to the Streight of Sicily.