The present state of England. Part III. and Part IV. containing I. an account of the riches, strength, magnificence, natural production, manufactures of this island, with an exact catalogue of the nobility, and their seats, &c., II. the trade and commerce within it self, and with all countries traded to by the English, as at this day established, and all other matters relating to inland and marine affairs : supplying what is omitted in the two former parts ...

CHAP. XLII. A View of Cambaia, of the Trade, Weights, Measures, Coyns, Com∣modities, and Customs thereof.

CAmbaia giveth a Kingdom its Name, being the Metropolis of Cambaia; and is vast in circuit, adjudged to contain no less then 800000. Inhabitants; Seated up∣on the River Indus, being a City of the greatest Trade in those Parts, and thi∣ther resort Christians, Persians and Arabians; and there both the English and Dutch have Factories. But the Natives who are called the Gensurates, and Banians, are the Richest Merchants, and greatest Traders; as like∣wise of late grown so Politick, that they have an insight into-most Commodities.

The Commodities this City and Coun∣try afford are Callico's of all sorts, Corn, Rice, Butter, Oyl, rich Carpets, fine Chests, Cupboards, Carved and Imbellished with Mother Pearl, Plates of Silver, Ivory, and the like; there are found in this Country many precious Stones of great va∣lue, as Rubies, Jacinths, Chrisolites, Amber, Jaspar, Spinals, Granads, and Agats, as likewise several Rich Drugs, as Opium, Camphora, Bangue, and Sandal-Wood; as also Sugars and Indico in abundance. The like Commodities are likewise found in Bi∣anny, Fetterbarre, Shersky, and Labore. In this Tract is the famous Port of Surrat, which at this day the Dutch make their chief Scale of Trade, and whither all the Commodities of these Countries are brought, especially those Subject to the Scepter of the great Mogul.

The currant Coyns are Mahomodies tho very Scarce, and are each accounted 12 pence Sterling, the Casanna Ruppy Esteem∣ed worth 3 Shillings 3 pence Sterling, the Jaquire Ruppe, 5 of which make 6 Casanna Ruppies, the Saway Ruppy valued at 11 Shil∣lings 3 pence Sterling, the Honde Ruppy valued at 2 Shillings 3 pence. In which and the Casanna Ruppy, the Merchants of Gusurat keep their Accounts. They have

likewise smaller pieces, which are ac∣counted 34 to the Mahmudy, and the Sahhee, which is accounted 10 Cosbegs; tho in some places they differ in value, tho the difference is inconsiderable.

The Weights used throughout the Mo∣gul's Dominions are 3, one proper for Silk, and the other for all other Merchandise, viz. the pice which in Silk is accounted 5 ½ Mittigals, a Mittigal being about 13 Troy penny Weights, and the Sear small and great, which vary much, viz. the Sear of Surrat is 18 Pices Weight of Copper-money, and accounted 13 ½ Ounces Aver∣dupois, the Sear of Agra called the Sear. Acoberg is 30 Pices and 22 Ounces Aver∣dupois. The Sear of Agra, called the Sear Janquery 36 Pices and 26 ⅔ Ounces Aver∣dupois; and so in several other places va∣ry according to the Custom of the place. They have in use likewise 2 Maunds, a Maund small of Surrat, being 40 small Sears of that place and 33 pound Averdu∣pois, the other is 40 great Sears, which makes 54 ⅜ pound English, and these are Multiplyed into a Candil of Surrat, and Cambaia which contains 20 Maunds.

The Measures at Cambaia & Surrat are two, viz. the Cavado, long & short, the last of which is used in Measuring of Silks, and is 27 Inch∣es

English, the first is used in Measuring of Woollen Cloath, and is 35 English In∣ches; but in Agra, Labore Dilli, and Brampore, the short Cavado is found to be 32 Inches; as for Concave Measures, none are found in the Moguls Country, their Liquids as well as Grain, and other dry Com∣modities being sold by Weight. And thus much for Cambaia and the Trade there∣of.