Chap. 3. Of the Muscles of the Scapula or Shoulder-blade.
BEcause the Scapula is moved forward and back∣ward; upward, and downward; therefore it hath received four Muscles. To which nevertheless others add two more,* 1.1 viz. the Serratus major and the Diga∣stricus, but they do not well. For the later is proper to the Oshyoides, the former to the Chest.
I. The first is called SERRATUS MINOR, and it is spred under the Musculus pectoralis.
It arises from the four upper Ribs, excepting the first and ascending obliquely upwards, with an end partly fleshy, and partly tendinous, it is inserted into the Sca∣pula by the Proceslus ancoriformis.
Its Use is to draw forward into the Breast.
II. The second is by Galen called Trapezius, others term it Cucullaris, because it resembles a Friars Cowl. But that this Muscle was given our first Parents, as the Badge of a religious life, as Riolanus conjectures, I do not believe, because others are religious that wear no Cowles, and many are irreligious that wear them, whether you look at their Profession or Manners. However this Name was given this Muscle by Chri∣stian Physitians, because of its likeness to a Monks Cowl.
It arises fleshy and thin from the hinder-part of the Head. From whence it descends to the eighth Verte∣bra of the Chest, and from thence as also from the hin∣der part of the Head growing small by little and little, it is inserted into the Back-bone, the Scapula, the top of the Shoulder and the Clavicula.
But because of its various Original and various Fi∣bres,
It variously moves the Scapula, upwards, oblique∣ly, by reason of Fibres obliquely descending from the hind-part of the head to the Omoplata, which Riolanus denies in vain; downwards, by reason of the carriage of fibres, ascending from the eighth Vertebra of the Back; and right out to the Back, by reason of right fibres in the middle of the Muscle, stretched out to the Scapula.
III. The third is the Rhomboides from its figure like a Diamond, scituate under the Cucullaris, thin and broad.
It arises from the three lower Vertebra's of the Neck and the three upper Vertebra's of the Chest, and with, the same latitude is inserted into the Basis of the Scapula.
Its Use is to draw back a little obliquely upwards.
IV. Is the Levator, which others call the Muscle of Patience; because those whose Affairs go cross, are wont to lift up their Shoulders: it is above the Cla∣vicula.
It arises from the five transverse Processes of the Ver∣tebra's of the Neck, with sundry beginnings (which