Bartholinus anatomy made from the precepts of his father, and from the observations of all modern anatomists, together with his own ... / published by Nich. Culpeper and Abdiah Cole.

Chap 11. Of the Muscles of the Thigh.

THe Thigh is bended by two Muscles.

The first is in the Belly, and is termed Psoa or the Musculus Lumbaris it arises with a fleshy beginning from the upper Vertebraes of the Loins, and is inser∣ted into the forepart of the small Trochanter, with a round and strong tendon.

The other muscle called Psoas minor I found in a strong fleshy body at Hafnia, 1651. differing from that which Riolanus brags to have seen. For the greater part i••••ay under, but outwardly inclined more to the sides. The beginning was fleshy, and the whole muscle was three fingers broad. It was inserted fleshy, into the upper brim of Os Ilij backwards, where the Iliacus internus arises. I conceived that its use was to spread as a pillow under the greater muscle, because the Os Ilij is of it self immoveable, or to hold the Os Ilij upright, that it might not burthen a man too much when he stands. Michael Lyserus a most expert Anatomist can witness the same with me.

The Ilia us secundus is inserted in the same place, with a tendon which grows to the tendon of the precedent muscle, arising from the whole internal cavity of the Os Ilij, by a small and fleshy beginning.

The Thigh is extended by three muscles of the But∣tocks termed Glutaei.

I. Is the Major, externus & amplissimus, beginning at the Crupper, the spina of Os Ilij, and the Os sa∣crum; and ends into the Os Femoris, under the great Trochanter.

II. The other is the medius or middlemost in Scitua∣tion and Magnitude. It arises from the inner side of the Spina of Os Ilij, ending into this great Trochanter with a broad and strong tendon.

III. The third called minimus the smallest, lies con∣cealed under the middlemost; It arises from the back of Os Ilij near the Acetabulum with a broad and strong tendon, and Ends into the great Trochanter.

These three do make up the fleshy Substance of the Buttocks.

The Thigh is drawn to, and wheeled about inwards by three muscles, which many do reckon for one, and call it triceps triple headed, because of its threefold begin∣ning. 1. Is from the upper joynting of the Os pubis. 2. Is from the lowest joynting of Os pubis. 3. Is from the middle part of the said bone. They are inserted first of all into the inner head of the Thigh bone, near the Ham, with a round tendon or into the rough line of the Thigh. 2. To the upper, partly. 3. Partly to the lower, at the Rorator minor. Riolanus has other in∣sertions: For he will have the first to be inserted into the middle of the Thigh, the second to be produced with a very strong Tendon as far as to the End of the Thigh, the third below the neck of the Thigh∣bone.

To these Spigelius and Veslingus do add one which they call Lividus arising at the joyning of Os pubis, near the Gristle, and implanted with a short tendon, into the inner side of the thigh: but they grant that this is a portion of the Triceps. But they do ill to rec∣kon it among the bending Muscles. But Riolanus calls it Pectineus and reckons it for a bender, yet acknow∣ledges that it is the uppermost and fourth portion of the triceps, which with Fallopius he divides into four Muscles, and indeed it seems to have so many parts.

It is drawn away and turned about outwards by six Mus∣cles▪ the Quadrigemini and the two Obturatores.

The Quadrigemini are in a manner one like another, and little, placed as it were athwart, arising from the lower and outer part of the Os Sacrum, the bunch of Os Ischij, and the Appendix of the Hip-bone. They are inserted into that space which is between the two Trochanters. The first Quadrigeminus is called Pyri∣formis Pear-fashioned, because of its shape, and Iliaeus externus from its Scituation; the rest want names, save the fourth, which is called Quadratus.

The Obturatores stoppers, take up the wide hole be∣tween the Os pubis and Os Isehij. And they are ex∣ternal or internal, the former arising from the outer Circle of the hole of the share: the latter from the in∣ner and they are inserted into the great Trochanter: the inner may be termed Bursalis or purse-fashioned because it hides the fourfold tendons in a fleshy purse as it were, nearly shaped by the third and fourth qua∣drigeminal Muscles.