The life of St. Francis Xavier, of the Society of Jesus, apostle of the Indies, and of Japan written in French by Father Dominick Bohours, of the same Society ; translated into English by Mr. Dryden.

THE LIFE OF St. FRANCIS XAVIER. (Book 4)

BOOK IV. (Book 4)

XAvier found at Malacca,* 1.1 three Missioners of the Company, who were going to the Moluc∣ca's, in obedience to the Let∣ters he had written. These Missioners were Iohn Beyra, Nugnez Ribera, and Ni∣cholas Nugnez, who had not yet receiv'd Priests Orders. Mansilla came not with them, though he had precise orders for it: Because he rather chose to follow his own Inclinations, in labouring where he

was, than the command of his Superiour, in forsaking the work upon his Hands; but his disobedience cost him dear: Xa∣vier expell'd him out of the Society; judging that an ill Brother wou'd do more hurt, than a good Labourer wou'd profit the Company.

These three Missioners above men∣tion'd, had been brought to the Indies in the Fleet, by Don Perez de Pavora, with seven other Sons of Ignatius; part of whom was already left at Cape Comorine, and the Fishing Coast, to culvitate those new Plants of Christianity, which were so belov'd by Father Xavier: Now the Ships which were bound for the Moluc∣c••'s, being not in a readiness to sail be∣fore the end of August, Beyra, Ribera and N••gnez had all the intermediate time, which was a month, to enjoy the Com∣pany of the Saint, in which space they were form'd by him, for the Apostolick Function. For himself, he remain'd four months at Malacca, in expectation of a Ship to carry him to Goa; and during all that time, was taken up with con∣tinual service of his Neighbour.

He had brought with him from Am∣boyna,* 1.2 his old Companion Iohn Deyro. Though Deyro was in his attendance, yet he was not a Member of the Society;

for the causes already specify'd, and de∣serv'd not to be of it, for those which follow. Some rich Merchants having put into his Hands a sum of Money, for the subsistance of the Father, he con∣ceal'd it from him. Xavier, who liv'd only on the Alms which were daily gi∣ven him, and who hated Money as much as his Companion lov'd it, look'd on this Action of Deyro, as an injury done to Evangelical Poverty, and the resent∣ment which he had of it, caus'd him to forget his usual mildness to Offen∣ders. Not content to make him a sharp reprimand, he confin'd him to a little desart Isle not far distant from the Port; enjoyning him, not only continual Pray∣er, but fasting upon Bread and Water, till he shou'd of his own accord recal him. Deyro who was of a changeable, and easy temper, neither permanent in good, nor fsix'd in ill, obey'd the Father, and liv'd exactly in the method which was prescrib'd.

He had one night a Vision,* 1.3 whether awake or sleeping has not been decided by the juridical Informations of the Fa∣thers life. It seem'd to him, that he was in a fair Temple, where he beheld the bless'd Virgin, on a Throne all glittering with precious Stones. Her Countenance ap∣pear'd

severe, and he, making his ap∣proaches to her, was rejected with indig∣nation, as unworthy to be of the Com∣pany of her Son. After which she arose from the Throne, and then all things dis∣appear'd. Deyro being recall'd from his solitude some time after, said nothing of his Vision to Father Xavier, to whom God had reveal'd it. He even deny'd boldly to have seen any, though the Fa∣ther repeated it to him, with all the Cir∣cumstances. Xavier, more scandaliz'd than ever with this procedure of Deyro, refus'd all farther communication, with a Man, who was interes••ed, and unsincere. He rid his Hands of him, but withal foretold him, That God wou'd be so gra∣cious to him, as to change his evil inclina∣tions, and that hereafter he shou'd take the Habit of St. Francis. Which was so fully accomplish'd, that when the Infor∣mations were taken in the Indies, con∣cerning the Holiness and Miracles of Xa∣vier, Deyro then wore the Habit of St. Francis, and liv'd a most religious life.

After the three Missioners were gone for the Molucca's, Xavier alone bore the* 1.4 whole burden of the work. The know∣ledge which the Portugueses and Indians had of his Holiness, made all Men desi∣rous of treating with him, concerning

the business of their Conscience. Not being able to give audience to all, many of them were ill satisfy'd, and murmur'd against him: But since their discontent and murmurs proceeded from a good principle, he comforted himself, and rather rejoy••'d than was offend∣ed, as he says himself expresly in his Let∣ters. His ordinary Employment, was Preaching to the Christians and Gentils, instructing and baptising the Catech••mens, teaching Children the Christian Doctrin, visiting the Prisoners and the Sick, re∣conciling Enemies, and doing other works of Charity.

While the Saint was thus employ'd, there happen'd an Affair, which much increas'd his Reputation in all the Indies. For the understanding of the whole busi∣ness, it will be necessary to trace it from its Original.

Since the Conquest of Malacca by the* 1.5 Portuguese, the neighbouring Princes grew jealous of their Power and made many attempts to drive that Nation out of the Indies, which came to brave them at their own Doors. Thereupon, they set on foot many great Armies, at divers times, but always unsccessfully, and learning by dear-bought experience, that multitude can hardly prevail against true valour.

These disgraces provok'd the Sultan Alaradin, King of Achen, instead of hum∣bling him. Achin, is the greatest King∣dom of the Island of Sumatra, distant a∣bove twelve Leagues from the terra fir∣ma of Malacca. This Prince was a Ma∣hometan, an implacable Enemy of the Christians by his Religion, and of the Portuguese by interest of State. Yet he durst not immediately assault the Fortress of Malacca. All his Fury was spent in cruising about the Coasts, with a strong Fleet, thereby to break the trade of the Portugueses, and hinder the Succours which they had from Europe. His de∣sign was then to attack the Town, when it shou'd be bare of Defendants, and un∣provided of Stores of Victuals: But to compass his Enterprise, he was to assure himself of a Port, which was above Ma∣lacca towards the North; which might serve for a convenient retreat to his Fleet, and had also occasion for a Fortress, to secure himself from the Enemy. He therefore made himself Master of that Port, and order'd the building of a Cita∣del.

As for his Preparations of War,* 1.6 he made them so secretly, that the Portu∣guese had neither any news, nor even the least suspition of them. Five thou∣sand

Souldiers, train'd up in Wars, and well experienc'd in Naval-Fights, were chosen out, for this glorious Expedition; and five hundred of them, call'd Oraba∣lons, were the flower of the whole Nobi∣lity; and accordingly wore Bracelets of Gold, as a distinguishing mark of their high Extraction. There was besides a great number of Iannisaries, newly arriv'd at the Court of Achen, who serv'd as Volunters, and were eager of shewing their courage against the Chri∣stians. The Fleet consisted of sixty great Ships, all well equipp'd, and man'd, without reckoning the Barks, the Fre∣gats, and the Fire-ships. It was com∣manded by the Saracen, Bajaja Soora, a great Man of War, and so famous for his Exploits in Arms, that his Prince had honour'd him with the Title of King of Pedir, in reward of his taking Ma∣lacca, even before he had besieg'd the Town.

There was no other intelligence of* 1.7 this at Malacca, but what the Army of Achen brought it self. They came before the place, and enter'd the Port, on the 9th of October, in the year 15. 17, about two a Clock in the morning, resolv'd to assault it, while they were savour'd by the darkness. They began by a dis∣charge

charge of their Artillery; and sending in their Fire-ships against the Portuguese Vessels. After which, the most daring of them landed; ran without any order, against that part of the wall, which they believ'd weakest, fill'd up part of the Ditch, and mounted the Ladders with a furious assault. They found more re∣sistance, than they expected: The Gar∣rison, and the Inhabitants, whom the shouts, and Artillery of the Barbarians had at first affrighted, recovering cou∣rage through the imminence of dan∣ger, and the necessity of Conquering, or dying, ran upon the Rampart, and vigorously repuls'd the Assailants; overthrowing their Ladders, or tumb∣ling their Enemies headlong from them, insomuch that not a man of them enter'd the Town, and great numbers lay dead or dying in the Ditch.

Soora comforted himself for the ill success of his assault, by the execution, which his fire Ships, and Cannon had done. All the Vessels within the Port, were either burnt, or disabled. And the Rain which immediately fell, serv'd not so much to extinguish the Flames, as the violent wind which then arose, con∣tributed to kindle them. Those of A∣chen, proud of that action, appear'd next

morning on their Decks, letting fly their pompous Streamers, and shouting, as if already they were Victorious. But their insolence was soon check'd: The Cannon from the Fortress forc'd them to retire, as far off, as the Isle of Vpe. In the mean time, seven poor Fishermen, who had been out all night about their em∣ployment, and were now returning to the Town, fell into an Ambuscade of the Insidels, were taken and brought before the General. After he had cut off their Ears and Noses, he sent them back with a Letter, directed to Don Francisco de Melo, Governour of Malac∣ca, of which these were the Contents.

I Bajaja Soõra,* 1.8 who have the honour to carry in Vessels of Gold the Rice of the Great Souldan, Alaradin King of A∣chen, and the Territories wash'd by the one and the other Sea, advertise thee to write word to thy King, that in despight of him, I am casting terrour into his For∣tress, by my fierce roaring, and that I shall here abide as long as I shall please. I call to witness of what I declare, not only the Earth, and all Nations which inha••it it, but all the Elements, even to the Hea∣ven of the Moon; and pronounce with these words of my mouth, that thy King is a man

of no Reputation, nor courage; that his Standards, now trampled under foot, shall never be lifted up again, without his per∣mission who has Conquer'd him; that by the Victory already by us obtain'd, my King has under his Royal foot, the head of thine; that from this day forward, he is his Sub∣ject, and his Slave; and to the end, that thou thy self may'st confess this truth, I defy thee to mortal Battel, here on the place of my abode, if thou feel'st in thy self sufficient courage to oppose me.

Though the Letter of So••ra, was in it self ridiculous, and full of fustian Bra∣vades according to the style of the Bar∣barians, yet it put the Governour and Officers of the Fortress to a shrewd de∣murr: for how shou'd they accept the Challenge, without Ships to sight him, and how cou'd they refuse it with their honour? A Council of War was sum∣mon'd to deliberate on this weighty and nice affair; when Father Xavier came amongst them. He had been saying Ma••s, at the Church of our Lady Del Maute; so call'd, from its being built on a Mountain near the City; and dedica∣ted to the Blessed Virgin. Don Francisco, who had sent for him, to consult him in this troublesome business, gave him

the General of Achen's Letter to peruse, and demanded his advice what was to be done on this occasion?

The Saint,* 1.9 who knew the King of Achen's business, was not only to drive the Portuguese out of Malacca, but also, and that principally, to extirpate Chri∣stianity out of all the East; having read the Letter, lifted up his eyes to Heaven, and answer'd without the least pause, that the affront was too great to be en∣dur'd, that the honour of the Christian Religion was more concern'd in it, than that of the Crown of Portugal: If this injury shou'd be dissembled, to what au∣daciousness wou'd the Enemy arise; and what wou'd not the other Mahometan Princes attempt after this Example? In conclusion, that the Challenge ought to be accepted, that the Infidels might see the King of Heaven was more powerful than their King Alaradin.

But how, said the Governour, shall we put to Sea, and on what Vessels, since of eight Gally-foysts, which we had in port, there are but four remaining, and those also almost shatter'd in pieces, and half burnt: and in case we cou'd resit them, what cou'd they perform a∣gainst so numerous a Fleet? Suppose, answer'd Xavier, the Barbarians had

twice so many Ships, are not we much stronger, who have Heaven on our side; and how can we chuse but overcome, when we fight in the name of our Lord and Saviour?

No man was so bold to contradict* 1.10 the Man of God: and they all went to the Arsenal. There they found a good sufficient Bark, of those they call Catur: besides seven old Foysts, fit for nothing but the fire. Duarte de Bareto, who by his Office had the super-intendance of their Naval Stores, was commanded to fit out these Foysts with all expedition. But he protested it was not in his power; for besides that, the King's Ma∣gazins were empty of all necessaries for the equipping of them, there was no Money in the Treasury for Materials.

The Governour,* 1.11 who had no other fund, was ready to lose courage; when Xavier, by a certain impulse of Spirit, suddenly began to embrace seven Sea Captains, there present, who were of the Council of War. He begg'd of them to divide the business amongst them, and each of them apart, to take care of fit∣ting out one Gally: At the same time, without waiting for their answer, he assign'd every man his task. The Cap∣tains durst not oppose Xavier, or rather

God, who inclin'd their hearts to com∣ply with the Saints request. Above an hundred Work-men, were instantly em∣ploy'd on every Vessel; and in four days time the seven Gallies were in condition of fighting. Melo gave the Catur, to Andrea Toscano, a man of Courage, and well vers'd in Sea affairs. He divided amongst the seven Captains, an hundred and fourscore Souldiers, chosen men, and appointed Francis Deza, Admiral of the Fleet. Xavier was desirous to have gone along with them, but the Inhabitants who believ'd all was lost, if they lost the Father, and who hop'd for no con∣solation, but from him alone, in case the Enterprise shou'd not succeed, made such a disturbance about it, that upon ma∣ture deliberation, it was resolv'd to keep him in the Town.

The day before their embarkment,* 1.12 having call'd together the Souldiers and the Captains, he told them that he shou'd accompany them in Spirit; and that while they were engaging the Barbari∣ans, he wou'd be lifting up his hands to Heaven for them. That they shou'd sight valiantly, in hope of glory, not vain and perishable, but solid and im∣mortal. That in the heat of the Com∣bat, they shou'd cast their eyes on their

Crucify'd Redeemer, whose quarrel they maintain'd, and beholding his wounds, themselves should not be affraid either of wounds or death: and how happy shou'd they be to render their Saviour life for life.

These words inspir'd them with such generous and Christian thoughts, that with one voice they made a Vow, to fight the Insidels, to their last drop of blood. This solemn Oath was so moving to Xavier, that it drew tears from him; he gave them all his blessing, and for their greater encouragement, nam'd them The Band of our Saviour's Souldiers: in pursuit of which, he heard every man's confession, and gave them the Commu∣nion with his own hand.

They embark'd the day following,* 1.13 with so much chearfulness, that it seem'd to presage a certain Victory. But their joy continu'd but a moment. They had scarcely weigh'd Anchor, when the Admiral split, and immediately went to the bottom, so that they had hardly time to save the men. The crowd of People, who were gather'd together on the shore to see them go off, beheld this dismal accident; and took it for a bad omen of the expedition, murmuring at the same ••ime against Father Xavier,

who was the Authour of it; and casting out loud cries to recall the other Ves∣seis. The Governour, who saw the Peo∣ple in an uproar, and apprehended the consequences of this violent beginning, sent in haste to seek the Father. The Messenger found him at the Altar, in the Church of our Lady del M••••te, just ready to receive the Blessed Sacrament; he drew near to whisper the business to him, but the Father beckon'd him with his hand, to keep silence, and retire. When Mass was ended, Return, said Xa∣vier, without giving the man leisure to tell his Message, and assure the Gover∣nour from me, that he has no occasion to be discourag'd for the loss of one Ves∣sel. By this the Saint made known, that God had reveal'd to him what had hap∣pen'd. He continu'd some time in Pray∣er before the Image of the Virgin, and these words of his were over-heard. O my Iesus, the desire of my heart, regard me with a favourable eye; and thou, holy Virgin, be propitious to me! Lord Iesus, (he continu'd) look upon thy sacred wounds, and remember they have given us a right to ask of thee every thing conducing to our good.

His Prayers being ended,* 1.14 he goes to the Citadel: The Governour allarm'd

with the cryes and murmurs of the Peo∣ple, cou'd not dissemble his disturbance, but reproach'd the Father, for having engag'd them in this Enterprise. But Xavier upbraided him with his distrust of God; and said smiling to him, What are you so dejected for so slight an ac∣cident? after which, they went in com∣pany to the shore, where the Souldiers belonging to the Admiral, stood in great consternation, for the hazard they had run so lately. The Father re-assur'd them, and exhorted them to remain constant, in their holy resolution, not∣withstanding their petty misadventure: he remonstrated to them, that Heaven had not permitted their Admiral to sink, but only to make tryal of their faith; neither had themselves been sav'd from shipwrack, but only that they might per∣form their Vow. In the mean time, the Governour held it necessary to summon the great Council. All the Officers of the Town, and the principal Inhabitants, were of opinion to give over an Enter∣prise, which as they thought, was begun rashly, and cou'd have no fortunate con∣clusion. But the Captains and Souldiers of the Fleet, encourag'd by the words of the holy man, and inspir'd with vigour which had something in it, of more than

humane, were of a quite contrary judg∣ment. They unanimously protested, that they had rather dye, than violate that Faith, which they had solemnly in∣gag'd to Iesus Christ. For the rest, said they, what have we more to fear this day, than we had yesterday? our num∣ber is not diminish'd, though we have one Vessel less: and we shall fight as well with six ••oysts, as we shou'd with seven. But, on the other side, what hopes ought we not to conceive, under the auspices, and promise of Father Fran∣cis.

Then Xavier, taking the word,* 1.15 The lost Gally shall be soon made good, said he with a Prophetick voice; before the Sun goes down, there shall arrive amongst us two better Vessels than that which pe∣rish'd. And this I declare to you from Al∣mighty God. This positive Prediction a∣maz'd the whole Assembly; and caus'd them to put off the determination of the Affair, 'till the day ensuing. The re∣maining part of the day was pass'd with great impatience, to see the effect of the Father's promise; when the Sun was just on the point of setting, and many began to fear the accomplishment of the Prophecy, in the very minute, mark'd out by the Father, they discover'd from

the Clock-house of our Lady del Monte two European Ships which were Sailing directly from the North. Melo sent out a Skiff immediately to hale them, being inform'd that they were Portuguese Ves∣sels, one belonging to Iames Soarez Gal∣lego, and the other to his own Son Bal∣thazar, who came from the Kingdom of Patan, but who took the way of Pegu, without intentions of casting Anchor at Malacca, to avoid paying Customes; he went in search of Father Francis, who was at his Devotions, in the Church del Monte, and told him, that his Pro∣phecy wou'd be accomplish'd to little purpose, if the Ships came not into the Port. Xavier took it upon himself to stop them: and going into the Skiff, which had hail'd them, made directly to the two Vessels. The Masters of the Ship, seeing the man of God, receiv'd him with respect. He made them un∣derstand the present juncture of affairs, and earnestly besought them, by the in∣terests of their Religion, and their Coun∣try, to assist the Town against the com∣mon Enemy of the Christian name, and the Crown of Portugal. And to ingage them farther, by their particular con∣cernment, he let them see the danger in∣to which they were casting themselves,

in case they shou'd obstinately pursue their Voyage, and that they were going without consideration, to precipitate themselves into the hands of the Barba∣rians.

They yielded to the reasons of the Fa∣ther, and the next morning enter'd the Port, amidst the shouts and acclamati∣ons of the People. After this, there was no farther dispute of fighting the Enemy, and the most timerous came about, to the Opinion of the Captains and the Souldiers.

All things being in a readiness to set* 1.16 sail, the Admiral Francis Doza receiv'd the Flag from the hands of Xavier, who had solemnly blessed it, and mounted the Ship of his Brother George Deza, instead of his own which was already sunk. The rest of the Captains, who had been on shore, return'd on Ship-board, and with the two newly arriv'd Vessels, the whole Fleet consisted of nine, their number al∣so being encreas'd by fifty men, they were in all, two hundred and thirty Por∣tugueses. The Fleet went out of Port, the 25th of October, with strict Orders from the General, not to pass beyond the Pulo Cambylan, which is the farthest bounds of the Kingdom of Malacca on the West. His reason was, that since

they were so much inferiour in strength to the Enemy, who vastly out-number'd them, in men and shipping; their glory consisted in driving them from off their Coasts; and not in farther pursuit of them. That what hope soever we have in God, yet it becomes us not to t••mpt him, because Heaven is not accustom'd to give a blessing to rashness and pre∣sumption.

Thus setting out full of assurance and of joy, they arriv'd in four days at Pu∣lo Cambylan, without having any news of the Enemy, notwithstanding their en∣deavours to find him out. The Admi∣ral, in obedience to the Governour, was thinking to return, though the courage of his Souldiers prompted them to pass beyond the Bounds prescrib'd them; and to go in search of the Barbarians, into whatsoever corner of the World they were retir'd. The Admiral I say was dispos'd to have gone back, when the Moon suddenly went into an Eclipse. It was one of the greatest which had ever been observ'd, and seem'd to them to Prognosticate the total defeat of the Mahometans. But the same night there arose so violent a wind, that they were forc'd to stay upon their Anchors, for the space of three and twenty days suc∣cessively.

Their Provisions then begin∣ning to grow short, and the Wind not suffering them, to turn to the Coast of Malacca, they resolv'd on taking in fresh Provisions at Tenasserim, towards the Kingdom of Siam.

In the mean time,* 1.17 all things were in confusion at Malacca. The hopes which Father Xavier had given the People, sup∣ported them for some few days. But seeing a month was now expir'd, with∣out any intelligence from the Fleet, they believ'd it was either swallow'd by the Waves, or defeated by the Achenois, and that none had escap'd to bring the news. At the same time, the Saracens reported confidently, they had it from good hands that the Fleets had met, that the Achenois had cut in pieces all the Portu∣gueses, and had sent the heads of their Commanders, as a Present to their King. This bruit was spread through all the Town, and was daily strengthen'd after the rate of false rumours, which are full of Tragical Events. The better to co∣lour this report, they gave the circum∣stances of time and place, and the seve∣ral actions of the Battel. The Sorcerers and Soothsayers were consulted by the Pagan Women, whose Husbands and Sons were in the Fleet: and they confirm'd

what-ever was related in the Town. It came at last to a publick rising against Xavier; and the Governour himself was not wholly free from the popular con∣tagion.

But Xavier, far from the least despon∣dence in the promises of God, and of the knowledge he had given him con∣cerning the condition of the Fleet, with an erected countenance assur'd, they shou'd suddenly see it return victorious. Which notwithstanding, he continu'd frequent in his Vows and Prayers; and at the end of all his Sermons, recom∣mended to their Devotions, the happy return of their desir'd Navy. Their Spi∣rits were so much invenom'd, and pre∣judic'd against him, that many of them treated him with injurious words, while he was rally'd by the more moderate, who were not asham'd to say, his Pray∣ers might be of use, for the Souls of the Souldiers, who were slain in fight, but were of little consequence, to gain a Bat∣tel which was lost.

Some fresh Intelligence,* 1.18 which ar∣riv'd from Sumatra, increas'd the disor∣ders, and consternation of the Town. The King of Bintan, Son to that Maho∣met, whom Albuquerque the Great, had despoil'd of the Kingdom of Malacca,

sought for nothing more, than an oppor∣tunity of re-conquering of what his Fa∣ther had lost by force of Arms. Seeing the Town now bare of Souldiers, and hearing that the Achenois had beaten the Portuguese, he put to Sea, with three hundred Sail, and put in at the River of Muar, within six Leagues of Malacca, to∣wards the West.

That he might the better execute his design, by concealing it, he wrote from thence to the Governour Melo, That he had arm'd a Fleet against the King of Pa∣tan, his Enemy, but that having been inform'd of the defeat of the Portuguese, he was come as a Friend and Brother of the King of Portugal, to succour Malacca, against the King of Achen, who wou'd not fail to master the Town, if the course of his Vi∣ctories was not stopp'd; that therefore he desir'd only to be admitted into the place be∣fore it came into the possession of the Con∣querour; after which he had no farther cause of apprehension.

Melo, whom the Constancy of Father Xavier had reassur'd, discover'd the Snare, which was laid for him; and trick'd those, who had intended to cir∣cumvent him: He answer'd the King of Bintan, That the Town had no need of re∣lief, as being abundantly provided both of

Men and Amunition. That so great a Con∣qeurour as he, ought not to lay aside an Expedition of such importance; nor to lin∣ger by the way. That for themselves, they were in daily expectation of their Fleet, not de••eated, according to some idle Rumours concerning it, but triumphant, and loaden with the Spoils of Enemies. That this Report, was only spread by Sara∣cens, whose Tongues were longer than their Lances; For these were the Expressions which he us'd.

The Mahometan Prince, judging by the Governours Reply, that his Artifice was discover'd; and that in reason he ought to attempt nothing, till it were certainly known, what was become of the two Fleets, kept himself quiet, and attended the success.

To return to the Christian Navy,* 1.19 be∣fore they cou'd get to Tenasserim, their want of fresh Water forc'd them to seek it nearer hand, at Queda, in the River of Parlez; where being enter'd, they per∣ceiv'd by night a Fisher-boat, going by their Ships. They stop'd the Boat, and the Fisher-men being examin'd, told them, That the Achenois were not far distant, that they had been six weeks in the River: That they had plunder'd all the Low-lands, and were now building a

Fortress. This news fill'd the Portuguese with joy: And Deza infinitely pleas'd, to have found the Enemy, of whom he had given over the search, putting on his richest Apparel, ••ir'd all his Cannon, to testify his joy, without considering that he spent his Powder to no purpose, and that he warn'd the Barbarians to be up∣on their Guard. What he did with more prudence, was to send three Gal∣lies up the River, to discover the Enemy, and observe their Countenance, while he put all things in order for the Fight. The three Foysts, in their passage, met with four Brigantines, which the Enemies had detach'd, to know the meaning of the Guns which they had heard. Before they had taken a distinct view on either side, the three Foysts had grappel'd each a Brigantine, and seiz'd her; the fourth escap'd. The Souldiers put all the Ene∣mies to the Sword, excepting six, whom they brought off, together with the Bri∣gantines. These Prisoners were all put to the Question; but whatsoever Tor∣ments they endur'd, they cou'd not at first get one Syllable out of them, either where the Enemy lay, or what was the number of his Men, or of his Ships. Two of them dy'd upon the Rack; and other two, they threw over Board; but

the remaining couple, either more mor∣tify'd with their Torments, or less reso∣lute, being separated from each other, began at last to open. And told the same things apart; both where the Achenois were lying; and that their number, was above ten thousand, reckoning into it, the Mariners, which were of more con∣sideration than the Souldiers; that the King of the Country, where now they lay, had been constrain'd to avoid a shameful death, by slight; that having massacred two thousand of the Natives, and made as many Captives, they were building a Citadel, on the passage which the Ships ordinarily make, from Bengale to Malacca, and that their design was not only to block up that Rode, but to murth••r all the Christians, who shou'd fall into their hands.

This report inflam'd anew,* 1.20 the Zeal and Courage of the Souldiers. The Ad∣miral was not wanting to encourage them to fight Entring into a Skiff, with his drawn Sword, he went from Vessel to Vessel, exhorting his Men, to have Christ crucify'd before their Eyes; while they were in fight, as Father Francis had en∣joyn'd them; and ever to keep in mind the Oath which they had tak••n; but a∣bove all things, to have an assur'd hope

of Victory, from the intercession of the holy Father, who had promis'd it.

All unanimously answer'd, That they wou'd fight it out to death; and shou'd be hap∣py to dye in defence of their Religion. Deza, animated, by this their answer, posted himself advantageously on the River, so as to be able from thence to fall upon the Enemy, without indangering his little Fleet, to be incompass'd by their numbers.

The Achenois no sooner were inform'd by their Brigantine, of the Portuguese Navy, than they put themselves into a condition of attacking it. They were not only insolent by reason of their strength, but provok'd also by the late af∣front, they had receiv'd in their Brigan∣tines; so that full of fury, without the least ballancing of the matter, they set Sail with all their Navy, excepting only two Vessels, and two hundred Land-Souldiers, which were left in Guard of two thou∣sand Slaves, and all their Booty. Ha∣ving the Wind for them, and coming down the River, they were carry'd with such swiftness, that Deza was hardly got aboard the Admiral, when he heard their Drums, and their yelling shouts, which re-eccho'd from the Shores, and neighbouring Mountains. They were divided into ten Squadrons, and each of

them compos'd of six Vessels, excepting only the first, which consisted but of four, but those the strongest of the Fleet. The Admiral, on which the King of Pedir was on board, was in the first Squadron, and with him were three Turkish Galions.

That fury which transported the Bar∣barians,* 1.21 caus'd them at the first ••ight of the Portuguese Navy, to discharge against it their whole Artillery. But they aim'd so ill, that they did them little or no mis∣chief. Immediately after, the two Ad∣mirals met, and stemm'd each other. They ingag'd on either side with so much resolution, that the advantage was not s••••on, till a shot was made from the Ves∣sel of Iohn Soarez, and out of the Cannon, call'd the Camel. It took place so justly, that So••ra's Vessel sunk to rights. The three Galions which were in Front with him, on the same time, immediately chang'd their order, and left off fighting, to save their General, and the principal Lords of his Retinue. But these Galions which were a cross the Stream, and took up half the breadth of it, stopp'd their own Vessels, which follow'd File by File. Insomuch, that those of the second rank striking against the first, and those of the third against the second, they fell foul on each other, with a terrible con∣fusion.

The Portuguese,* 1.22 seeing the Army of the Enemy, on a heap together, without be∣ing able to disingage their Ships, incom∣pass'd them, and batter'd them with their Cannon. They discharg'd every tyre, three rounds successively, and ••o to pur∣pose, that they sunk nine great Ships, and disabled almost all the rest. Then four of the Portuguese Foysts, set upon six Mahometans, which the Cannon had us'd more favourably than the rest; the Soul∣diers boarded them with their Swords in their Hands, and calling on the name of Iesus•• in less than half an hour they de∣stroy'd above two thousand Men. The fright and the disorder of the Enemies was redoubled, at the sight of this ••laughter, and at the thundring of the Guns, which did such dreadful Executi∣on: Insomuch that the Achenois leapt in∣to the River of their own accord, chusing rather to die in that manner, than by the hands of the Christians.

Their General being taken up, when he was just drowning, and drawing new Courage from despair, endeavour'd to have heartn'd up, the remainder of those, who were about him. But having him∣self receiv'd a Musket-shot, he lost all manner of resolution, and made away with only two Vessels. The five hun∣dred

Gentlemen Orobalans, were either slain or drown'd, with all the Ianisaries. None escap'd, but those who follow'd Soora in his flight. On the side of the Christians, there were six and twenty slain, of whom, four only were Por∣tuguese by Nation. The Spoil was great; for besides the two Guard-ships which came into the power of the Con∣querours, and wherein was all the Pillage, which the Enemy had gain'd; they took at least forty five Vessels, which might again be made serviceable. There was found amongst the Spoils, a prodigious quantity of Saracen and T••rkish Arms; three hundred pieces of Cannon of all sorts: And what was yet more pleasing, sixty two pieces of Ordnance, whereon were graven the Arms of Portugal, and which had been lost in divers Wars, re∣turn'd at length to the possession of their lawful Lord and owner.

The King of Parlez, no sooner had no∣tice of the Enemies defeat, than issuing out of the Woods where he lay conceal'd, he came with five hundred Men, and fell upon the Workmen, who by So••ra's Or∣ders were building a Fortress, and on the Souldiers appointed for their Guard. Having cut them in pieces, he went to visit Captain Deza, and congratulated the

Valour of the Portuguese, and their suc∣cess: He own'd the preservation of his Kingdom to their Arms; and offer'd by way of acknowledgment, a yearly Tri∣bute to the King of Portugal.

Deza immediately order'd a Frigat, to carry the news of his Victory to Malac∣ca; but it was fully known in that City, with all its Circumstances, before the Frigat was sent off, and thus it hap∣pen'd.

Father Xavier,* 1.23 preaching in the great Church, betwixt nine and ten of the Clock, on Sunday morning, which was the fourth of Ianuary, according to the old Calendar, at the same time, when the two Fleets were actually ingag'd, stopp'd short on the sudden, and appear'd transported out of himself; so manifest a change appear'd, both in his Counte∣nance, and his whole person. Having somewhat recover'd himself, instead of following his Discourse, inspir'd with a Divine Impulse, he declar'd to his Audi∣ence the incounter, and shock of the two Navies, but in a Mysterious and Figura∣tive manner.

The Assembly, not comprehending their Preachers meaning, were of Opi∣nion that he was distracted; still as the Fight grew warmer, and the ingagement

came to be more close, he seem'd to be more and more inflam'd, with all the motions of a Man inspir'd, and speaking still Prophetically. At the length, fix∣ing Eyes on the Crucifix that was before him, he said with tears in his Eyes, ac∣company'd with sighs, but with an au∣dible and distinct voice, Ah Jesus, thou God of my Soul, and Father of all Mercies, I most humbly implore thee by the Merits of thy sacred Passion, not to forsake those who sight thy Battle. After these words, he hung down his Head, as overweary'd, and lean'd upon his Pulpit, without far∣ther speaking. Having continu'd in that posture for some time, he sprung up, on the sudden, and said aloud, with all the motions of Joy, which he cou'd not ma∣ster. My Brethren, Jesus Christ, has vanquish'd for you. At this moment, while I am speaking, the Souldiers of his bless'd name, have compleated their Victory, by the entire defeat of the Enemies Navy. They have made a great slaughter, and we have lost but four of our Portugueses. You shall receive the news of it on Friday next, and may shortly expect the return of your victorious Fleet.

How incredible soever this appear'd, yet Melo, and the principal persons of the Town there present, gave credit to

it, without the least scr••ple: considering the manner of his speaking, and his Air, which had somewhat of Divine in it, and bore the testimony of its Truth. Yet the Wives and Mothers of the absent Souldiers, apprehending still it might be false, and fearing the more, the more they desir'd it shou'd be true. The Father assem∣bled them all in the Afternoon, at the Church of our Lady del Monte, and there repeated so distinctly, the whole series of what he had said in the Morning, that they durst no longer doubt of it.

Even in the beginning of the week,* 1.24 they had almost evident signs of the Vi∣ctory; by the ••••ws which came of the King of Bintan; who having sent on all sides to be inform'd, whether the Portu∣guese had been defeated, being advertis'd from the River of Parlez, of what had pass'd, forsook M••ar, and retir'd with expedition, bewailing the misfortune of his Allies, and asham'd of his ill tim'd Enterprise.

The Frigat dispatch'd away by Deza,* 1.25 under the conduct of Emanuel Godigno, arriv'd exactly on the day mention'd by the Saint. The Fleet follow'd shortly after; and made a triumphant entry in∣to the Port, with Trumpets sounding, and a general discharge of all their Artillery.

The Town receiv'd them with repeated shouts of welcome, and Father Francis, who was at the head of the People on the shore, held forth a Crucifix in his hand, to give both the Inhabitants, and Souldiers to understand, that they ow'd their Victory to Christ alone.

Both the one and the other joyning their voices, gave solemn thanks to the Saviour of Mankind: But they also broke out into the praises of the Saint, upon the truth of his Predictions; and cou'd not hold from publishing, that it was he, who had obtain'd from Heaven, this wonder∣ful success.

The Burden of thes•• ••raises,* 1.26 did no less hasten the Saints intended Voyage to Goa, than the necessity of those af∣fairs which call'd him thither. He had remain'd four Months together at Ma∣lacca, since his return from the Molucca's and was just on his departure, when the Ships, which early come from China, ar∣riv'd in the Port. A Iapponesse, whose name was Anger, came with these Ves∣sels, expresly to see Xavier. He was a¦bout five and thirty years of Age, Rich, Nobly born, and one whose life had been sufficiently libertine. The Portuguese, who two years before had made the dis∣covery of Iapan, had been acquainted

with him at Cangoxima, the place of his birth, and understood from his own mouth, that having been much trou∣bled with the remembrance of the sins of his youth, he had retir'd himself a∣mongst the solitary Bonzes. But that neither the solitude, nor the conversa∣tion of those Heathen Priests, had been able to restore him the tranquillity of his Soul, and that thereupon, he had re∣turn'd into the World, more disquieted than ever, with his remorse of Con∣science.

Some other Portuguese Merchants, who at that time came to Cangoxima, and who had seen Father Francis at Malacca, the first Voyage he had made thither, made an intimate acquaintance, and friendship with Anger. And this Iapon∣nese, discovering to them the perplexity of his Soul, which augmented daily, more and more, they told him that in Malacca, there was a Religious man, emi∣nent for his holy Life, well experienc'd in the conduct of Souls, and most proper to settle his perplex'd Conscience, and that if he wou'd try this remedy, they wou'd facilitate the means to him, and bring him to the Saint, of whom they had spoken. That it was Father Francis Xavier, their friend, the refuge of Sin∣ners,

and comforter of troubled minds.

Anger found himself possest with a* 1.27 strong desire of going to see the holy man, but the length of the Voyage, which was eight hundred leagues, the dangers of a tempestuous Sea, and the considerations of his family, somewhat cool'd him. A troublesome affair, which he had upon his hands at the same time, at length resolv'd him. For having kill'd a man in a quarrel, and being pursu'd by Justice, he cou'd not find a more se∣cure retreat, than the Ships of Portugal, nor a surer way of preserving his life, than to accept the offer they had made him.

Alvarez Vaz, who had most impor∣tun'd him to take this Voyage, and who had many times offer'd to bring him to Father Xavier, had not yet finish'd all his business, when this Iaponnese came to take sanctuary in his Ship. He therefore gave him Letters of recommendation to another Portuguese, call'd Ferdinand Al∣varez, who was at another Port of Ia∣pan, and who was suddenly to set sail for Malacca.

Anger departed by night, attended by two Servants; being arriv'd at the Port, and enquiring for Ferdinand Alvarez, he lighted accidentally on George Alvarez,

who was just ready to weigh Anchor. This George was a wealthy Merchant, a man of probity, and who had an ex∣tream affection for the Father. He re∣ceiv'd the Letters of Alvarez, as if they had been address'd to himself, took the three Iaponians into his Ship, entertain'd them with all kindness, and brought them to Malacca, taking great satisfacti∣on in the good Office he shou'd do in presenting them to the man of God, who might perhaps make them the first Chri∣stians of their Country. But the misfor∣tune was, that they miss'd of the Father, who was just gone for the Molucca's: Anger, more disquieted in a foreign land, than he had been at home, and despair∣ing of ever seeing him, whom he had so often heard of from his friends, had it in his thoughts to have return'd to Iapan, without considering the danger to which he expos'd himself, and almost forgetting the murther which had caus'd his flight; according to the custom of Criminals, who blind themselves in those occasions, and whom divine justice oftentimes brings back to the same place, where they had committed their offence. Whereupon, he went again to Sea, and having made some little stay in a Port of China, he pursu'd his Voyage. Al∣ready

some Iaponian Islands were in sight, when there arose a furious Tempest, which indanger'd the sinking of the Ship, and which in four days brought him back into the same Port of China, from whence he had set out. This was to Anger a favourable effect of Gods Pro∣vidence; for the same hand which drives the guilty to the Precipice, sometimes preserves them from falling into it, and pulls them back, after a miraculous manner.

The Iaponnese very happily for him∣self, met there, Alvarez Vaz, just ready to set sail for Malacca. The Portuguese, who lov'd Anger, reprov'd him for his impatience, and offer'd to re-conduct him to the place, which he had so ab∣ruptly left; withall telling him that according to all appearances, the Father by this time was return'd from the Mo∣lucca's. Anger, who still carried about him a troubled Conscience, and thereby was easily induc'd to any proposition which tended to compose it, follow'd the advice of Vaz, and return'd with him.

Coming on shore,* 1.28 he there found George Alvarez, the same Person, who had brought him the first time to Ma∣lacca. Alvarez surpriz'd to see him once

again, told him, that Father Xavier was return'd from the Molucca's, and im∣mediately brought Anger to his presence. The Father, who foresaw, not only that this Iaponian, shou'd be the first Chri∣stian of that Kingdom, but also by his means, the Gospel shou'd be Preach'd in it, was transported with joy at the first sight of him, and embrac'd him with ex∣ceeding tenderness. The sight of the Saint, and his embracements, gave such consolations to Anger, that he no longer doubted of receiving an entire satisfacti∣on from him. Understanding in some measure the Portuguese Language, Xavier himself assur'd him, that the disquiets of his mind shou'd be dissipated, and that he shou'd obtain that Spiritual repose, in search of which, he had undertaken so long a Voyage: But that before he cou'd arrive to it, it concern'd him first to un∣derstand and practise the law of the true God, who alone cou'd calm the troubles of his heart, and set it in a perpetual tranquillity. Anger, who desir'd nothing so much, as to have his Conscience in repose, and who was charm'd with the great goodness of the Father, offer'd him∣self to be directed in all things by him. The Servant of God, instructed him in the Principles of Faith, of which his

Friends the Portuguese, had already gi∣ven him some knowledge; as 〈◊〉〈◊〉 as men of their Profession were capable of teach∣ing him. But to the end his Conversion might be more solid▪ he thought it con∣venient to send him, and his Servants, to the Seminary of Go••, there to be more fully taught the truths and practice of Christianity before their Baptism. The Father had yet a further purpose in it, that these first fruits of Iaponian Christi∣anity, shou'd be con••ecrated to God, by the Bishop Don Iohn d'Albuquerque, in the Capital City of the Indies.

Since in his Voyage to Goa, he was to visit the Fishing Coast, he wou'd not take the three Iaponians with him; and gave the care of conducting them to Georg' Alvarez. He only wrote by them to the Rector of the Colledge of St. Paul, giving him Orders to instruct them with all diligence. He put on board the ship of another Portuguese, call'd Gonsalvo Fernandez, twenty or thirty young men, whom he had brought from the Moluc∣ca's, in order to their Studies in the same Colledge. After which, himself imbark'd in another Vessel, which went directly for Cochin.

In passing the Streight of Ceylan,* 1.29 the Ship which carried Xavier, was over∣taken

with the most horrible Tempest, which was ever seen. They were con∣strain'd, at the very beginning of it, to cast over-board all their Merchandise, and the winds roar'd with so much vio∣lence, that the Pilot not being able to hold the Rudder, abandon'd the Vessel to the fury of the Waves. For three days and nights together, they had death continual∣ly present before their eyes: and nothing reassur'd the Mariners, but the serene countenance of Father Xavier, amidst the cries and tumults in the Ship. After he had heard their Confessions, implor'd the help of Heaven, and exhorted all of them to receive with an equal mind, ei∣ther life or death, from the hand of God, he retir'd into his Cabin. Francis Pe∣reyra looking for the man of God, in the midst of the Tempest, to have comfort from him, found him on his knees be∣fore his Crucifix, wholly taken up, and lost to all things but to God. The Ship driven along by an impetuous current, already struck against the Sands of Cey∣lan, and the Mariners gave themselves for lost, without hope of recovery; when the Father coming out of his Ca∣bin, ask'd the Pilot for the Line and Plum∣met, with which he was accustom'd to fathom the Sea: having taken them, and

let them down to the bottom of the O∣cean, he pronounc'd these words, Great God, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, have mercy on us. At the same moment, the Vessel stop'd, and the Wind ceas'd. After which, they pursu'd their Voyage, and happily arriv'd at the Port of Cochin, on the 21st of Ianuary, 1548.

There the Father gave himself the lei∣sure of writing divers Letters into Eu∣rope,* 1.30 by a Vessel of Lisbon which was just in a readiness to set sail. The first was to the King of Portugal, Iohn the third; the Letter was full of prudent Counsels, concerning the duties of a King, he advertis'd him a-new, that his Majesty shou'd be guilty before God of the evil Government of his Ministers, and that one day an account must be given of the Salvation of those Souls, which he had suffer'd to perish, through neglect of application, or want of constancy in his endeavours. But he did it, with all manner of precaution, and soften'd his ex∣pressions with Christian Charity.

I Have long deliberated,* 1.31 said he, whether I shou'd certify your Majesty, of the Transactions of your Officers in the Indies, and what ought farther to be done, for the establishment of our Faith. On the one side

the Zeal of God's service, and his glory, encourag'd me to write to you; on the other, I was diverted from that resolution, by the fear I had of writing to no purpose. But at the same time, I concluded that I cou'd not be silent, without betraying my Ministe∣rial Function: and it also seem'd to me, that God gave me not those thoughts with∣out some particular design; which probably was, that I might communicate them to your Majesty, and this Opinion, as the more likely, has at length prevail'd with me. Ne∣vertheless, I always fear'd, that if I shou'd freely give you all my thoughts, my Letter wou'd only serve for Evidence against you, at the hour of your death, and wou'd aug∣ment against your Majesty the rigour of the last Iudgement, by taking from you the ex∣cuse of ignorance. These considerations gave me great anxieties, and your Majesty will easily believe me. For in fine, my heart will answer for me, that I desire not to em∣ploy all my strength, or even my life it self for the Conversion of the Indians, out of any other prospect, than to free your Ma∣jesties Conscience, as much as in me lies, and to render the last Iudgement less ter∣rible to you. I do in this but that which is my duty; and the particular affection which you bear our Society, well deserves, that I shou'd sacrifice my self for you.

After he had inform'd his Majesty, how much the jealousies and secret divisions of his Officers, had hinder'd the Pro∣gress of the Gospel, he declares, that he cou'd wish the King wou'd bind himself by a solemn Oath, to punish severely, whosoever they shou'd be, who shou'd occasion any prejudice to the farther propagation of Faith in the Indies. And farther assur'd him, that if such, who had the authority in their hands, were made sensible, that their faults shou'd not escape punishment, the whole Isle of Ceylan, all Cape Comorine, and many Kings of Malabar wou'd receive Baptism in the space of one year; that as many as were living in all the extent of the Indies, wou'd acknowledge the Divinity of Iesus Christ, and make profession of his Doctrine, if those Ministers of State, who had neglected the interests of the Faith, had been depriv'd of their Dignities, and their Revenues.

After this,* 1.32 he Petitions the King, to send him a supply of Preachers, and those Preachers to be of the Society, as judging them, more proper than any o∣thers for the new world. I beg, and adjure your Majesty, says he, by the love you bear to our blessed Lord, and by the real wherewith you burn, for the Glory of

the Divine Majesty, to send next year, some Preachers of our Society, to▪ your faithful Subjects of the Indies. For I as∣sure you, that your Fortresses are in ex∣tream want of such supplies; both in refe∣rence to the Portugueses who are there in Garrison, and to the new Christians esta∣blish'd in the Towns and Villages depending on them. I speak by experience; and that which I have seen with my own eyes, obli∣ges me to write concerning it. Being at Malacca, and at the Molucca's, I Preach'd every Sunday, and all Saints days twice; and was forc'd upon it; because I saw the Souldiers and People had great need of being frequently taught the word of God.

I Preach'd then, in the morning to the Portugueses at Mass: I went again into the Pulpit, in the afternoon, and instructed their Children, their Slaves and Idolaters newly converted, accommodating my dis∣course, to the measure of their understand∣ing, and expounding to them the Principle Points of Christian Doctrine, one after ano∣ther. Besides which, one day in the week, I assembled in the Church, the Wives of the Portugueses, and Catechis'd them on the Articles of Faith, on the Sacraments of Penance, and the Eucharist. Much fruit wou'd be gather'd in few years, if the same method mere constantly observ'd

in all places. I preach'd also, every day, in the Fortresses, the Principles of Religion, to the Sons and Daughters of the Souldiers, to their Servants of both Sexes; in fine, to the Natives of the Country, who were born Christians: and these Instructions had so good effect, that they totally renounc'd the Superstitions and S••rceries, which were in use amongst those stupid and ignorant new Converts.

I descend into all these petty circumstan∣ces, to the end your Majesty may judge, according to your prudence, what number of Preachers may be necessary here; and that you may not forget to send many to us. For if the Ministry of Preaching, be not more exercis'd amongst us, we have rea∣son to apprehend, that not only the Indians, who have embrac'd the Faith, will l••ave it, but that the Portugueses also may forget the dutie•• of Christianity, and live afterwards like Heathens.

As Father Simon Rodriguez,* 1.33 who go∣vern'd the Society in Portugal, had great Credit at the Court, Father Xavier writ to him at the same time, desiring him, he wou'd support his Demands, with his Interest. He recommended to him in especial manner, That he wou'd make choice of those Preachers, who were Men of known Vertue, and exemplary Mortifica∣tion.

He subjoin'd, If I thought the King wou'd not take amiss, the Counsel of a faith∣ful Servant, who sincerely loves him, I shou'd advise him to meditate one quarter of an hour, every day, on that Divine Sen∣tence, What does it profit a man to have gain'd the World, and to lose his Soul? I shou'd counsel him, I say, to ask of God, the understanding, and taste of those words, and that he wou'd finish all his Prayers with the same words, What will it profit a man, to gain the World, and to lose his Soul? 'Tis time, said Xavier, to draw him out of his mistake, and to give him notice, that the hour of his death is nearer than he thinks: that fatal hour when the King of Kings, and Lord of Lords, will summon him to Iudgment, saying to him these dreadful words, Give an account of your Administration. For which reason, do in such manner, my dear Brother, that he may fulfil his whole duty; and that he may send over to the Indies, all needful supplies, for the increase of Faith.

Xavier also wrote from Cochin,* 1.34 to the Fathers of the Society at Rome; and gave them an account at large, of his Voyages to Malacca, to Amboyna, to the Molucca's, and the Isle del Moro; with the success which God had given to his labours. But he forgot not the

relation of his danger in the Streight of Ceylan, and made it in a manner, which was full of consolation to them.

In the height of the Tempest, said he in his Letter, I took for my Intercessours with God, the living persons of our Socie∣ty, with all those who are well affected to it; and join'd to these, all Christians, that I might be assisted with the merits of the Spouse of Christ, the holy Catholick Church, whose Prayers are heard in Heaven, though her Habitation be on Earth. Afterwards I address'd my self to the Dead, and par∣ticularly to Piere le Fevre, to appease the wrath of God. I went through all the Or∣ders of the Angels, and the Saints, and in∣vok'd them all. But to the end, that I might the more easily obtain the pardon of my innumerable sins, I desir'd for my Pro∣tectress and Patroness, the most holy Mo∣ther of God▪ and Queen of Heaven, who without difficulty obtains from her beloved Son, whatsoever she requests. In conclusion, having repos'd all my hope in the infinite merits of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, being incompass'd with this prote∣ction, I enjoy'd a greater satisfaction, in the midst of this raging tempest, than when I was wholly deliver'd from the dan∣ger.

In very truth, being as I am, the worst

of all Men, I am asham'd to have shed so many tears of joy, through an excess of heavenly pleasure; when I was just upon the point of perishing. Insomuch, that I hum∣bly pray'd our Lord, that he wou'd not free me from the danger of my Shipwrack, unless it were to reserve me for greater dangers, to his own Glory and his Service. For what remains, God has often shewn me by an inward discovery, from how many perils and sufferings I have been deliver'd, by the Prayers, and Sacrifices, of those of the Society; both such as labour here on Earth, and such who enjoy the fruits of their labours in the Heavens. When I have once begun the mention of our Socie∣ty, I can never leave; but the departure of the Vessels constrains me to break off: and behold what I have judg'd most proper for the conclusion of my Letter. If I ever forget thee, O Society of Jesus, let my right hand be unprofitable to me, and may I even forget the use of it. Si oblitus unquam suero tui, Societas Iesu, oblivioni detur dextera mea. I pray our Lord Jesus Christ, that since, during the course of this mise∣rable life, he has gather'd us into his So∣ciety, he wou'd reunite us, in a bless'd E∣ternity, in the Company of Saints, who behold him in his Glory.

After he had written these Letters, and given some time to the service of his Neighbour, he took the way of Comorine, doubled the Cape a second time, and ar∣riv'd at the Coast of Fishery. The Pa∣ravas, who were his first Children in Ie∣sus Ch••ist, were overjoy'd at the sight of their Saint, and Good Father, as they call'd him. All the Villages came to meet him, singing the Christian Doctrine, and praising God for his return. The sa∣tisfaction of the Saint was not less than theirs: but above all things his Consola∣tion was unspeakable, to see the number of Christians so much augmented, by the labours of his Brethren. There were in that place, many of the Society, of whom the chief were Antonio Criminal, Francis Henriquez, and Alphonso Cyprian; for Father Xavier, having written from Amboyna, for the greatest number of Missioners whom they cou'd spare, to∣wards the cultivation of those new Plants at the Coast of Fishery, all those who came from Portugal, after his own arri∣val in the Indies, went thither, excepting the three, who went to the Molucca's, and two who stay'd at Goa, for the instructi∣on of the Youth.

The fervency of those new Converts,* 1.35 did not less edify Xavier, than their num∣ber.

In visiting a certain Village, they shew'd him a young Man, a Native of the Country, who having imbark'd in company of a Portuguese, had been cast by Tempest, on the Coast of Malabar. The Saracens, who inhabit that place, ha∣ving murther'd the Portuguese, wou'd have forc'd his Companion to renounce his Faith Thereupon they brought him into a Mosquee, where they promis'd him great store of Money and Preferments, in case he wou'd forsake the Law of Ie∣sus Christ, and take up that of their Pro∣phet Mahomet. But seeing their Promises cou'd not prevail, they threatn'd him with Death, and held their naked wea∣pons over his Head, to fright him. But neither cou'd they shake his Resolution, with that dreadful spectacle; then they loaded him with Irons, and us'd him with extraordinary cruelty, till a Portuguese Captain inform'd of it▪ came suddenly upon them, with a Troop of Souldiers, and rescu'd the young Man out of their hands. Xavier imbrac'd him many times, and bless'd Almighty God, that his Faith was imprinted so lively, in the Heart of a Barbarian. He heard also with great satisfaction, of the constancy of some Slaves, who having fled from the Houses of their Portuguese Masters, and

living amongst Gentils, far from being corrupted with the superstitions of the Infidels, comply'd exactly with the obli∣gations of their Baptism, and liv'd in a most religious manner. It was reported to him of these Slaves, that when any of them died, they suffer'd not his Body to be burnt, according to the custom of the Pagans, neither wou'd they leave it without S••pulture; but buried it ac∣cording to the Ceremonies of the Church, and set up a Cross over the Grave.

Though these Infidels, whom they serv'd, did not hinder them from conti∣nuing in Christianity, and that every one of them in particular, was resolv'd to persevere in his Faith, even in the midst of Idolatry, yet they had a longing de∣sire, to return into the company of the Faithful, where they might be supply'd with those Spiritual Succours, which they wanted, and lead a life yet more confor∣mable to their Belief. So, that as soon as they had the news of Father Xavier's return, who had baptis'd the greatest part of them, they came to desire him, That he wou'd make their peace with their Masters, whom they had left to free themselves from slavery, and de∣clar'd, that they were content, once more to lose their Liberty in prospect of the

Salvation of their Souls. Xavier re∣ceiv'd them with open Arms, as his well-belov'd Children, and afterwards obtain'd their Pardon.

After he had visited all the Villages, he made some stay at Manapar,* 1.36 which is not far distant from Cape Comorine. As the only end, which he propos'd to him∣self, was to plant the Gospel in the In∣dies; and that in order to it, he must there establish the Society, he began to regulate all things, according to the Principles, and in the Spirit of Father Ignatius, General of the Order. Having reassembled all the Labourers in the Go∣spel, of that Coast, he examin'd their se∣veral Talents, and Vertues, in familiar conversation with them, by causing them to give an account of what pass'd be∣twixt God and them in their own Hearts. After he had assign'd to each of them, the places which were most convenient for them, both in regard of their bodily strength, and of their spiritual endow∣ments. He constituted Father Antonio Criminal, superiour of all the rest: And to the end they might be more capable of serving that people, he order'd every one of them, with all possible care, to apply himself to the study of the Mala∣bar Language; which obtains through

all that Coast. Upon this account he commanded Father Francis Henriquez, to reduce that Tongue into the Rules of Art, and to compose an exact Grammar of it, according to the method of the Greek and Latin Grammars. The work seem'd impossible, especially to one, who was newly come from Europe, and who had little knowledge in the Indian Tongues: Nevertheless Henriquez compass'd it in a small time, which was apparently a Mi∣racle of Obedience. In the mean while, Xavier judging, that the Exposition of the Christian Doctrine, which he had made for those of Molucca, might be of use to his dear Paravas, order'd a Malabar Priest, who was well vers'd in the Por∣tuguese, to translate it into his own Lan∣guage. But to the end that the conduct of the Missioners might be Uniform, and that the same Spirit might animate all of them, besides the instructions which he gave them by word of Mouth, he gave them the following Rules in writing.

In the first place,* 1.37 Where ever the lot of your Ministry shall fall, be mindful of bap∣tising Infants newly born; and perform it your selves, without trusting the care of it, to any other person. There is nothing at present, of more importance. Do not wait till the Parents bid you come; as they may

easily neglect it, it behoves you to run through all the Villages, to enter into the Houses, and to Christen all the Infants you can find.

After the great concernment of giving Baptism, you ought to be careful of nothing more, than of entring those little Children into the principles of Faith, who are grown capable of Instruction. Not being able to be in all places, you shall cause the Cana∣capoles, and the Teachers of the Catechism, to perform their duty, and religiously to ob∣serve the Customs establish'd. To which purposes, when you visit the Villages, to take an account of what passes there, assem∣ble the Masters, with their Scholars, and know from the Children, in the presence of those who are accustom'd to instruct them, what they have learnt, or forgotten since your last visit; this will double the ardency of the Scholars, and the diligence of their Teachers.

On Sundays, gather the Men together in the Church, to repeat their Prayers, and observe well▪ whether the Pantagatins, or chief of the people are there present. You are to expound the Prayers which they re∣peat; and reprove them for the Vices then in fashion: which you are to make them comprehend by using familiar Examples. In fine, you are to threaten the more stub∣born

sinners with the wrath of God; and tell them, that if they do not reform their lives, their days shall be shorten'd, by all manner of Diseases: that the Pagan Kings shall inslave them, and that their immortal Souls shall become fuel to the everlasting flames of Hell.

When you come to any place, you shall in∣form your selves, what quarrels are stirring in it, and who are the parties; after which you shall endeavour to reconcile them. These Reconciliations are to be made in the Church, where it will be fitting to assemble all the Women on Saturdays, as the Men on Sundays.

When the Malabar Priest, shall have translated the Exposition of the Creed, you shall take Copi••s of it, which you shall cause to be carefully read to the Women on Sa∣turdays, to the Men on Sundays. If you are there present, you shall read it your selves, and add to the Exposition, what you think convenient for the farther clear∣ing i••.

Distribute to the Poor those Collections which are made for them in the Churches, by the Charity of the Congregation; and beware of taking any part of them for your own uses.

Fail not every Saturday and Sunday, to put the Faithful in mind, of giving you

notice, when any one falls sick, to the end you may visit them. And give them to know, that if they do not advertise you, and that the sick person dies, you will not allow him burial amongst▪ Christians, in pu∣nishment of their neglect.

When you visit the sick, take especial care that they repeat to you, the Apostles Creed in their Mother Tongue. Interro∣gate them on every Article and ask them, if they believe sincerely. After this make them say the Con••••teor, and the other Ca∣tholick Prayers, and then read the Gospel over them.

For the burial of the dead, you shall as∣semble the Children, and coming out of the Church with them, the Cross being at the head of the Procession, you shall sing the Christian Doctrine, coming and going. You shall say the Prayers of the Church, at the House of the dead person; and before he is put into the ground. You shall also make a short Exhortation to the Assembly, before the Corps, upon the necessity of death, the amendment of life, and the practice of Vertue.

You shall give notice to the Men on Sun∣day, and to the Women on Saturday, to bring their sick Children into the Church, that you may read the Gospel over them, for their cure; and that the Parents from

thence may receive increase of Faith, and respect to the Temples of our Lord.

You shall your selves determine all liti∣gious causes; and if you cannot end them on the place, defer them to the next Sun∣day; and after Divine Service cause them to be expedited by the principal Inhabi∣tants of the place. Yet I will not that these sort of Affairs, shou'd take up too much of your time: Nor, that you prefer the care of your Neighbour's temporal Con∣cernments, before works of Charity, which respect the Salvation of Souls; and am of opinion, That when any important business of that kind shall happen, you shou'd remit it to the Portuguese Commandant.

Do all things in your power, to make your selves belov'd by those people; for by that you will be able to do more good upon them, than by being fear'd. Decree no punish∣ment against any person, but by the advice of Father Antonio Criminal: And if the Commandant of the Portuguese be present, do nothing without his order. In case any Man or Woman, shall make a Pagod, or I∣dol, banish them from the Village if Fa∣ther Criminal consent to it. Testify great affection to the Children who frequent the Christian Schools; pardon, and wink at their faults sometimes, lest a severe usage shou'd fright them from us.

In presence of a Portuguese, abstain from reproving and condemning the Natives of the Countrey, who are Christians; on the con∣trary, commend and excuse them, on all occasions. For considering how lately they have embrac'd the Faith, and what assi∣stance is wanting to them, to live like good Christians, 'tis only to be admir'd, that they are not more vicious.

Be serviceable in all you can to the Ma∣labar Priests, in what relates to their Spi∣ritual Advantage: take care that they confess themselves, and say Mass, and give good Examples, and write nothing against them to any person whatsoever.

Live so well with the Portuguese Com∣mandants, that no misunderstanding be e∣ver perceiv'd betwixt you, and them. For the rest of the Portugueses, use all sort of means, to make them your Friends: Have never any quarrel with any of them, though they shou'd bring you into Law, or quar∣rel with you without the least provocation on your part. If they use the new Chri∣stians hardly, oppose them, but with much mildness; and if you find your opposition may be likely to succeed, make your Com∣plaint to the Portuguese Commandant; with whom, I once again beseech you, never to have any difference.

Let your Conversation with the Portu∣gueses be alwa••s confin'd to Spiritual Sub∣jects; of Death, of Iudgment, of Purga∣••••ry, of Hell, of the frequentation of Sa∣craments, and the exact observation of Gods Commandments: For if you never speak to them, but concerning these matters, they will never rob you of those hours which are set apart for your Function.

Fail not to write to Goa, to the Fathers and Br••thers of our Society, giving them an account of the Fruit of your Labours; and proposing to them, what you think may be to the advancement of Piety. You shall write also to the Bishop, but with much Re∣verence and Submission, as to the Common Father, and Pastor General of this new World.

What 〈◊〉〈◊〉 all things I recommend to you, and which I can never sufficient∣ly repeat, 〈◊〉〈◊〉, That whatsoever Voyage you make, and wheresoever you shall be, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 shall endeavour to gain the love of all p••••ple, by your good Offices, and fair dem••••nour: by which means you will have greater opportunities for the gaining of S••••ls; which God Almighty grant you all the Grace to do, and abide for ever with you.

Things being thus regulated on the Cost of Fishery,* 1.38 the ••ather wou'd pass

into the Isle of Ceylan, before his return to Goa. His design was to gather the fruit of that precious Blood, which two years before was shed by the King of Ia∣fanatapan▪ or at least to see what incli∣nation those people had to receive the Gospel, who had beheld the constancy of the Martyrs. Indeed, the death of the two young Princes converted, who pretended to the Crown of Iafanatapan, destroy'd almost all hopes of planting Christianity in that Isle. Notwithstand∣ing which, Xavier converted the King of Candè; who is one of the Kings of Cey∣lan. After which he went to the Tyrant, who had treated the Christians with so much cruelty, to try if he cou'd work him, though against all humane appea∣rances, to suffer the Law of Iesus Christ, to be preach'd in his Dominions, and to bring him also to be a Christian.

As Reasons of State prevail most with Princes, so the Father represented to this Infidel, That his Throne cou'd never be establish'd, but by the Arms of the Por∣tugueses; that if he once contracted with them a strict alliance, he had n••thing farther to apprehend, either from his E∣nemies or his Subjects. The Barbarian, who fear'd all things, both from within and from without, forgetting that D••••

Alphonso de Sosa, wou'd have made War upon him, in favour of the two baptis'd Princes, hearken'd to the Propositions of Peace, and even permitted the Father to explain to him, the Mysteries of the Christian Faith. The instructions of the Saint wrought so much upon the Tyrant, that being chang'd, in a very short space of time, he promis'd to embrace the Faith, and labour to bring his Subjects into it, offering for the pledge of his word, to put his Kingdom into the Hands of the King of Portugal, and to pay him such Tribute as shou'd be thought sitting, without any farther demand in his own behalf, than of two things. The one was, That the Governour of the Indies, shou'd conclude a firm Alliance with him, as he had done with other Indian Kings, who had made themselves Vassals to the Crown of Portugal: The other, That in order to hinder those revolts and troubles which might arise from the change of Religion, he might have a Company of Portuguese Souldiers, to ••e entertain'd at his own charges.

Father Xavier,* 1.39 well satisfy'd, to have thus succeeded beyond his expectations, set Sail for Goa, with an Embassadour of the In••idel King, and arriv'd there on March the 20th. in the year 1548. Un∣derstanding

there, that the Viceroy Don Iohn de Castro, was at Bazain, towards the Gulph of Cambaya, he imbark'd a∣new, notwithstanding, that the season was improper for Navigation; as judging that a business of such consequence, cou'd not be too soon concluded, and that de∣lays frequently ruin'd the most hopeful Affairs. Castro had never seen Xavier, but all he had heard related of him, gave him an earnest longing to behold him. He receiv'd him with all those Honours which are due to a Saint, at the first meeting, and willingly accepted what the King of Iafanatapan had offer'd, on the Conditions above mention'd. But he retain'd for some time, the Man of God, both to hear him preach, and to consult him on some difficult Affairs, where the Interests of State, and those of Religion were joyn'd together.

In the mean time,* 1.40 he design'd Antonio Monis Barreto, a man of Authority, and very brave, for the Garrison of Iafanata∣pan, with an hundred Souldiers, well di∣sciplin'd, and worthy of such an Officer. At the same time he order'd a magnifi∣cent Entertainment, for the Embassa∣dour, who remain'd at Goa: And that if any of his Train wou'd receive Baptism, no cost shou'd be spar'd at that Solemni∣ty.

But the King of Iafanatapan, fail'd afterwards in Fidelity, both to God and Man, and in all probability, it was that failure, which drew the last misfortunes on his person, and his Kingdom.

The stay which Xavier made at Ba∣zain,* 1.41 was not unprofitable to a young man of Quality, who was much debauch'd, call'd Rodrigue Segueyra, whom he had known two years before. For Segueyra having committed a Murther at Malacca, when the Father made his first Voyage to the Town, retir'd into the Hospital to a∣void the pursuit of Justice. There it was that the Father knew him, and grew in∣to his Familiarity, by his engaging ways of Mildness and Courtesy; which always succeeded with him. When he had gain'd the affection of Segueyra, he spoke to him of Eternity, with so much power, that the young Gentleman, entred into serious thoughts, and made a general Confession to him. Xavier, to ingage him the more in the ways of Goodness, and to free him from that confinement of the Hospital, where his Crimes had forc'd him to take Sanctuary, made up the business with his Adversaries, and ob∣tain'd his pardon from the Governour of Malacca: But seeing the soft and dissolute manner of living in Malacca, was capable

of ruining all his good intentions, he advis'd him to leave the Indies, and re∣turn into Europe. Segueyra, who was sensi∣ble of his own weakness, and desir'd to save his Soul, promis'd the Father to obey him, and put himself into a condition, of executing his promise. In effect he took the way of Goa, with design from thence to go for Portugal. But being made a Receiver of the publick Re∣venues by the Viceroy Don Iohn de Castro, he thought no more of Por∣tugal, but relaps'd into his first Debau∣ches.

Xavier, was wholly lost to his re∣membrance, when he happen'd to meet him at Bazain, the sight of the Father surpris'd him at first, and almost con∣founded him. But straight recovering, he came up boldly to him, and took his hand, to have kissed it according to his former custom. The Father as courteous and civil as he was, yet thrust him back, st••rnly enough; yet mollifying himself a little▪ How, my Son, said he, are you still in the Indies? were you not advis'd to leave Malacca, and return to Portugal?

The Portuguese, in great disorder, and not knowing how to excuse himself; laid all the blame upon the Governour, who had detain'd him, in some sort a∣gainst

his will. But, reply'd Xavier with a holy indignation, is it the Governour who has oblig'd you to lead the life of a Beast, and to continue for two years with∣out going to Confession? However it be, con∣tinu'd the Father, know that we two shall never be well with one another, so long as you are upon ill terms with God. At these words Segue••ra pierc'd with a lively sor∣row, ask'd pardon of the Father, for his breach of promise, and his unfaith∣fulness to the Divine Grace. He Con∣fess'd himself the same day; and wholly chang'd his life, under his direction, whom God had sent to bring him back into a better wa••.

Don Iohn de Castro, who was desirous of profiting by the Father's Counsels, for the regulation of his own life, wou'd have been glad, to have retain'd him longer; but seeing him resolv'd on go∣ing, gave him leave to depart; yet beg∣ging him at the same time, that he wou'd pass the Winter at Goa, that after his own return thither, he might use his assistance in the affairs of his Con∣science.

The Father return'd,* 1.42 very seasonably, for the good of Cosmo de Torrez, a Spa∣nish Priest, and Native of Valenti••; one of the greatest Wits, and most knowing

Persons of that Age. Torrez, was im∣bark'd on the Fleet, which came from Mexico to the Molucca Islands; and which, having sail'd over so many Seas, to lit∣tle purpose, stay'd at Amboyna, as we have already related. He there met Xavier, and was so charm'd with his manner of life, that he had thoughts of becoming his Disciple. But besides, that the labours which are unseparable from the Ministry Apostolical, somewhat shock'd him, he judg'd, that he ought to undertake nothing, but by the Coun∣sel of the Bishop of the Indies. Inso∣much, that he le••t Amboyna, without forming any resolution, and even with∣out opening himself to Father Xavier.

When the Spanish Fleet was arriv'd at Goa, he presented himself to the Bishop, who being in want of Spiritual Substi∣tutes, gave him one of the chief Vica∣riats of his Diocess. Torrez was of O∣pinion that God requir'd nothing far∣ther of him; and for the space of four or five months, perform'd all the fun∣ctions of that Office, which the Bishop had given him in charge. But the con∣tinual disquiets of his Soul, render'd him suspitious of his own condition, and brought him to believe, that God had punish'd him, for not following the new Apostle of the East.

Being one day, much troubled in his mind, he went to the Colledge of St. Paul, and open'd himself to Father Lan∣cilotti, desiring him, to unfold to him the nature of that Institute, with which he was so much taken, by seeing Father Xavier at Amboyna. As some interiour motions had of late, push'd him on, to the performance of somewhat that was great, and of suffering all things for the glory of Iesus Christ, he found the Insti∣tute of Ignatius, so conformable to the present dispositions of his Soul, that with∣out farther ballancing the matter, he was resolv'd to go through the Spiritual Ex∣ercises, to ••it himself for the change of his condition. From the second day, he receiv'd such light, and so much com∣fort from above, that he believ'd himself in Heaven already. He cou'd not suf∣ficiently admire, that those plain, and easy truths, which he had often read, without any taste of them, shou'd make such lively impressions in him, as now they did. And he discover'd this to Lan∣cilotti, with expressions full of astonish∣ment.

Nevertheless being assrighted at the prospect of a perpetual ingagement, and perhaps tempted by the Devil, he cou'd not settle to it, and was every day, more and more irresolute.

Xavier arriv'd just at that point of time. He had scarcely seen Torrez, when behold a man, fix'd on the sudden, and resolv'd, and pressing to be receiv'd a∣mongst the Children of Ignatius. The Apostle receiv'd him, and took pains him∣self to form him, according to the spi∣rit of the Society. He also admitted some Portugueses, who had great Ta∣lents for the Mission, and were inflam'd with the zeal of Souls.

They liv'd together in the Colledge of St. Paul, where that ••ervour reign'd, not only amongst the Iesuites, but also amongst those of the Seminary, whose numbers increas'd daily. The Iaponnese, Anger, was amongst them, leading a most regular life, and breathing after that Baptism, which had been deferr'd 'till the return of the Holy man.

Xavier did not satisfie himself,* 1.43 with having instructed him anew: he con∣sign'd over to the care of Torrez, who fully explain'd to him all the Mysteries of Faith. Anger with his two Servants, who receiv'd the same instruction, were at length solemnly Baptis'd, on Whit-Sunday, by the Bishop of Goa, Don Iohn d' Albuquerque; so, that the Church be∣gan to take possession of the most re∣mote Nation in the World, on the same

day of Pentecost, when the holy Spirit descending on the Apostles, gave them their Mission to carry the Gospel, to all the People of the Earth.

Anger was desirous to be nam'd Paul de Sainte Foy, in memory of the Col∣ledge, belonging to the Society of Iesus, where he had receiv'd the particular knowledge of the Divine Law, which was sometimes call'd the Colledge of St. Paul, and sometimes the Seminary of the Holy Faith. One of his Servants took the Name of Iohn, and the other of An∣thony. In receiving Baptism, he receiv'd the peace of Soul, which he never cou'd obtain before; and writ word of it to Rome, the same year, in a Letter to Father Ignatius, dated November the 25th.

But to the end, that the new Converts might have the true Principles of Chri∣stian Morality, and that their behaviour might be answerable to their Belief, Fa∣ther Xavier intrusted Torrez, with gi∣ving them the spiritual Exercises of the Society.

During the thirty days, that these Ia∣ponians were in retirement, 'tis not to be express'd, what Coelestial illuminations, what holy thoughts, what interiour de∣lights the Holy Spirit infus'd into them.

Anger cou'd speak of nothing but of God; and spoke of him with so much serven∣cy, that it seem'd even to burn him up. The Mystery of the Passion, mov'd him above all the rest, and he was so ravish'd with the goodness of God, so possess'd with love, in considering a God Cruci∣fy'd, that he breath'd nothing but Mar∣tyrdom, and the Salvation of his Bre∣thren. So that he was often heard to cry out, in the midst of his Devotions, How glad shou'd I be to dye for thee, O my God. O my dear Japonians, how much are you to be lamented, and what Compas∣sion do you raise in me!

The Master and Servants came out of their retirement with so much ardour, that Xavier wrote into Europe, that he was animated by their Example to the service of God, and that he cou'd not look on them, without blushing at his own Cowardise.

In conversing with them,* 1.44 he under∣stood, what he had formerly learnt by hear say, from George Alvarez▪ and other Portugueses, that the Empire of Iapan, was one of the most populous in the World: That the Iaponneses were natu∣rally curious, and covetous of Know∣ledge, and withall docible, and of great Capacity. That being generally inge∣nious,

and very rational, if they were instructed in the Morals of Christianity, they wou'd easily submit to them; and that if the Preachers of the Gospel, liv'd according to Gospel Rules, the whole Nation wou'd subject it self to the yoke of Iesus Christ, not perhaps so readily at first, but in process of time, and after clearing of their doubts.

There needed no more, to induce Xavier to carry the Faith into Iapan, the mildness, the civility, and the good parts of the three Baptis'd Iaponians, made him conceive a high opinion of all the rest: And the Portuguese Mer∣chants newly return'd from Iapan, con∣firm'd it so fully to him, that in these three, he had the pattern of the whole Nation, that he doubted not, but that the Christian Religion wou'd make an admirable progress there. But that which Anger told him, that there were in his Country many Monasteries of Heathen Priests, that some of them led their lives in solitude and contemplation, that every Monastery had its Superiour, who was a Person venerable for his Age and Learning: that they came abroad from their lonely abode, once a week, with morti••i'd looks, and uncouth habits, to Preach to the People; that in their Ser∣mons

they drew such lively Figures of Hell, that the Women wept, and cry'd out, at those dismal representations. All this, I say, appear'd to Xavier, as so many doors, and in-letts for the Faith; and he prais'd God, that by the admi∣rable conduct of his Providence, which secretly manages the Salvation of men, the Spirit of Lyes, had thus prepar'd the ways for the Spirit of Truth.

He ador'd also the wisdom of the same Providence, which taking the occasion of a man who fled from Justice, and sought repose for his troubled Conscience, had led three Iaponians from their native Country, and brought them to Goa, that they might serve for Guides to a Mis∣sioner. But, that these Guides might be the more serviceable, he thought fit they shou'd learn to Read and Write, in the Portuguese Language. Anger, whom from henceforth we shall name Paul de Sainte Foy, was easily instructed, in all they taught him; for besides that he was of a quick and lively apprehension, he had so happy a memory, that he got by heart almost all the Gospel of St. Matthew, which Father Cosmo de Torrez, had Expounded to him before his Baptism.

In the mean time Don Iohn de Castro, was rigging out a Fleet, with design to possess himself of Aden, one of the strongest Towns of Arabia Felix, and scituate at the foot of a high Mountain, which reach'd even to the Sea, by a nar∣row tongue of Earth. This Port is of great importance, to shut up the pas∣sage of the Indies to the Turks and Sa∣racens, who go thither by the red Sea; and from this consideration it was, that Albuquerque the Great, endeavour'd to have Master'd it in the year 1513, but the vigorous resistance of the Achenois forc'd him to forsake the Siege. After that time, they were desirous of their own accord, to have deliver'd it up to the Portugueses, thereby to free them∣selves from the tyranny of the Turks. Yet it was not then done, through the fault of a Captain call'd Soarez, who having no Orders to take Possession of the Town, was so weak a Politician as to refuse it, when it was offer'd to the Crown of Portugal.

That People, whom the Turk us'd worse than ever, testifi'd the same in∣clination, under the Government of Ca∣stro, and it was on that occasion▪ that he sent a Fleet towards the Streight of Mecca, under the Command of his Son,

Alvarez de Castro. Eight Foysts of Goa, full of Souldiers, set out for the Expedi∣tion of Aden. Amongst these there was one very brave Fellow, renown'd for his Military Actions, but blacken'd with all sorts of Crimes, and more infamous by his Debauch'd Manners, than known by his Valour. He seem'd a kind of salvage Beast, who had no more of Man in him, than the bare Figure, nor any thing of a Christian, besides the name. Above eighteen years he had abstain'd from Confession; and that he once presented himself to the Bishop of Goa, was less to reconcile himself to God, than to take off the imputation, of being either a Mahometan, or an Idolater.

Father Xavier had cast an eye upon this wretch,* 1.45 and waited only an oppor∣tunity, to labour in so difficult a Con∣version. Understanding that this Soul∣dier was imbarking on one of the Foysts, which were going to joyn the Fleet, he went out of the Colledge of St. Paul, at the first notice of it, taking nothing with him, besides his Br••viary, and en∣ter'd into the same Vessel. It was be∣liev'd by those who saw the Father, that he had Orders from the Viceroy to ac∣company his Son Alvarez, and every one was glad of it, excepting only he,

for whose sake he came. He drew near the Souldier, and when they had weigh'd Anchor, began to make acquaintance with him, and grew familiar to that de∣gree, that the rest of the Souldiers, who were less debauch'd, cou'd not sufficient∣ly admire it, and some of them said of Xavier, what a Pharisee said formerly of our Lord, If this Man were indeed a Prophet, he wou'd discern what manner of man he was, in whom he takes so much de∣light.

These Discourses, did not at all daunt the Father. He saw his Souldier playing whole nights together, for he was a great Gamester. He took no notice of his ex∣travagancies, and sometimes heard him Swear without seeming to regard it. Only one day he said to him, that Ga∣ming requir'd a Compos'd Spirit, and if he took not the better heed, that Pas∣sion, which he had in Play, wou'd make him lose.

The Souldier, brutal as he was, grew insensibly to have a kindness for a man, who was so much concern'd in his ad∣vantages, and took pleasure in hearing him discourse not only of War, and Sea Affairs, but also of Religion and Mora∣lity. In conclusion, he made some re∣flections on the horrour of his life, and

felt even some remorse of Conscience for it. Being one day together with the Father, in a private part of the Ship, Xavier ask'd him, to whom he had Con∣fess'd himself before he went on Ship∣board? Ah Father, said the Souldier, I have not been at Confession these many years. And what do you imagine wou'd become of you, said the holy man, sup∣posing you shou'd be kill'd in this action, and in the condition you now are? I wou'd once have Confess'd my self, re∣ply'd the Souldier, at least for fashion, and decency, but the Vicar of Goa wou'd not so much as hear me, but told me I was a Reprobate, and deserv'd nothing but Hell-Fire. The Vicar was, in my Opinion, said Xavier, somewhat too se∣vere, to treat you in that manner. He had perhaps his Reasons for that usage, and I have mine to treat you otherwise. For indeed the Mercies of our Lord are infinite, and God wou'd have us as in∣dulgent to our Brethren, as he himself is to us: Thus, when the Sins of which you find your self guilty, were a thou∣sand times more numerous and more crying, than they are, I shall have the patience to hear them all, and shall make no difficulty of giving you abso∣lution, provided you take those thoughts

and resolutions, which I shall endeavour to in••u••e into you.

By these words he brought the Soul∣dier to a general Confession,* 1.46 he dispos'd ••im for it, by causing him, to recall in∣to his memory his past life, and drawing him into the particulars of those Sins, which a man of his Character and Pro∣fession, might possibly have committed. While they were upon these terms, the Ship cast Anchor at the Port of Cey••an, for refreshment. Many of the Fleet went on shore, and amongst the rest, the Father and the Souldier, they went together to a wild solitary place: there the Souldier made his Confession with abundance of tears, resolv'd to expiate his Crimes, with whatsoever Penance the Father shou'd enjoyn him▪ were it never so rigorous. Bu•• his Confessour gave him only a P••ter Noster, and an Ave to say. Whereat the Penitent be∣ing much amaz'd, from whence pro∣ceeds it, my Father, said he, that being so great a Sinner as I am, you have gi∣ven me so light a Penance? Be con∣tent, answer'd Xavier, O my Son, we shall appease the Divine Justice: and at the same instant, he withdrew into a Wood, while the Souldier perform'd his Penance. There he did, what he had

formerly done on the like occasion: he bar'd his Shoulders, and disciplin'd him∣self so rigorously, that the Souldier heard the noise of the strokes, and came run∣ning to him, beholding the Father all in blood, and rightly judging what was the motive of so strange an action, he snatch'd the Discipline out of his hands, and crying out, it was the Criminal who ought to endure the punishment, and not the innocent to bear the pains of Sin; he immediately strip'd himself, and chastis'd his body with all his strength. Xavier often-times embrac'd him, and declar'd, that it was for his sake alone that he came on Ship-board. So ha∣ving given him wholsome Admonitions to confirm him in the Grace of God, he left him, and return'd to Goa on the first Vessel which went out of the Port, where they made the stay. As for the Soul∣dier, he follow'd the Fleet, and after the Expedition of Aden was ended, he enter'd into Religion, chusing one of the most austere Orders, where he liv'd and dy'd, in extraordinary holiness.

Not long after the Father was return'd to Goa,* 1.47 the Governour Don Iohn de Ca∣stro return'd also; but very ill of a Hectick Fever, which had been consu∣ming him for some months before. Find∣ing

himself in a daily decay of health and strength, and doubting not the end of his life was near approaching, he quiet laid aside all business, and substituted o∣thers to supply his place. After which his thoughts were wholly employ'd on death, and the great concernments of Eternity. He had many long conversa∣tions with Father Xavier, on that Sub∣ject, and refus'd to see any one but him. During these Transactions, a Ship, which came from Lisbonne, brought Letters to the Viceroy from the King of Portugal, who gave great praises to his manage∣ment, and continu'd him for three years longer, in the Government of the In∣dies. As Don John was much belov'd, so on this occasion, publick rejoycings were made over all the Town. But the Sick Viceroy, hearing the discharge of the Artillery, and seeing almost from his Bed the Bonefires that were made, cou'd not forbear laughing at it, though he was almost in the agonies of death. How deceitful and ridiculous is this World, said he, to present us with honours of three years continuance, when we have but a mo∣ment more to live! The Father assisted him, even to the last drawing of his breath, and had the consolation to be∣hold a great man of this world, expiring

with the thoughts of a Saint in Holy Orders.

Xavier being Master of himself, in some manner, after the decease of Don Iohn de Castro, who had desir'd him not to stir from Goa, during the Winter, had thoughts of visiting once more the Coast of Fishery, before his Voyage to Iapan; his resolutions of which, he had not hi∣therto declar'd. But the incommodities of the season hinder'd him; for at one certain time, the Sands so choke up the Channels of the Isle, that no Ship can either go out of the Port, or enter in∣to it.

In waiting 'till the Navigation be∣came free;* 1.48 the Saint apply'd himself par∣ticularly to the exercises of a Spiritual Life, as it were to recover new strength after his past Labours, according to the custom of Apostolical men, who in the communications which they have with God, refresh themselves, after the pains which they have taken with their Neighbour.

Then it was, that in the Garden of Saint Paul's Colledge, sometimes in walk∣ing, at other times in retiring into a lit∣tle Hermitage, which was there set up, he cry'd out, 'Tis enough, O my Lord, it is e••ough! And that he open'd his Cas∣sock

before his Breast, to give a little Air to those ••lames which burnt within him, by which he declar'd, that he was not able to support the abundance of heaven∣ly Consolations, and at the same time gave us to understand, that he wou'd have rather chosen to suffer any Tor∣ments for the service of God, than to have enjoy'd all those spiritual delights: so that his ••rue meaning, was a Prayer to God, that he wou'd please to reserve for him those pleasures in another life, and in the mean time, wou'd not spare to in∣flict on him, any pains or sufferings in this present World.

These interiour Employments,* 1.49 did not hinder him from the labours of his Mini∣sterial Vocation, nor from succouring the distrest, in the Hospitals and Prisons. On the contrary, the more lively and ardent the love of God was in him, the more desirous he was, to bring it forth, and kindle it in others. His Charity caus'd him often to relinquish the quiet of Solitude, and the delights of Prayer; therein following the Principle of his Father Ignatius, that it was necessary to forsake God for God.

The Season ••egan to be more mode∣rate,* 1.50 and Xavier was disposing himself to set Sail for the Cape of Comorine, when

a Portuguese Vessel arriv'd from Mozam∣bique, which brought in her, five Missio∣ners of the Society. The most consi∣derable of these Missioners, and of five o∣thers which came along with the Fleet, was Gaspar Barzeus, a Flemming by Na∣tion. Father Francis, had already heard speak of him, as an excellent Labourer, and a famous Preacher; but his Presence and the Testimony of all the Ship, gave the Saint such great Idea's of his Merit▪ that he look'd on him from thence forward, as an Apostle of the Eastern Countries.

He pass'd five days with these new Companions, on the fourth of which, he caus'd Father Gaspar to preach before him, that he might see his Talent for the Pulpit; and discover'd in him all the Qualities of a perfect Preacher. Many Portuguese Gentlemen, who had been much edify'd, by the Vertues and Con∣versation of Barzeus during all the Navi∣gation, which had been exceeding dange∣rous, came and fell at the Feet o•• Xa∣vier, desiring that he wou'd please to re∣ceive them into the Society. The Cap∣tain of the Ship, and the Governour of one of the chief Citadels, which the Por∣tuguese enjoy in India, were of the num∣ber. He admitted some of them before his departure, and deferr'd the rest till

his return: but he wou'd that all of them shou'd perform the Spiritual Exercises of Father Ignatius.

At length Xavier embark'd on the ninth of September,* 1.51 for the Fishing Coast: There he comforted and confirm'd the Faithful, who were continually persecu∣ted by the Badages, those mortal and ir∣reconcileable Enemies of the Christian name. He also encourag'd the Go∣spel Labourers of the Society, who for the same reason, went in daily hazard of their lives. Having understood, that Father Francis Henriquez, who cultivated the Christianity of Travancor, was some∣what dissatisfy'd, and believ'd he lost his time, because some of those new Con∣verts, shaken either by the Promises or Threatnings of a new King, who hated the Christians, had return'd to their for∣mer Superstitions, he writ him Letters of Consolation, desiring him to be of good courage, and assuring him, that his Labours were more profitable than he imagin'd: that when all the Fruit of his Zeal, shou'd be reduc'd to the little Children who dy'd after Baptism▪ God wou'd be well satisfy'd of his endeavours, and that after all, the Salvation of one only Soul, ought to comfort a Missioner, for all his pains; that God account∣ed

with us for our good intentions, and that a Servant of his, was never to be e∣steem'd unprofitable, who labour'd in his Vineyard, with all his strength, whatever his success might prove.

Father Xavier was not content, to have fortify'd the Missioners, both by word and writing in his own person, he desir'd of Father Ignatius, that he wou'd also encourage them with his Epistles; and principally, that he wou'd have the goodness to write to Henry Henriquez, a Man mortify'd to the World, and labori∣ous in his Ministry.

Having order'd all things in the Coast of Fishery,* 1.52 he return'd by Cochin, where he stay'd two Months; employing him∣self without ceasing, in the instruction of little Children, administring to the sick, and regulating the manners of that Town. After which he went to Bazain, there to speak with the Deputy Gover∣nour of the Indies, Don Garcia de Saa, whom Don Iohn de Castro, had nam'd up∣on his Death-bed▪ to supply his place. The Father was desirous to obtain his Letters of Recommendation to the Go∣vernour of Malacca. that in vertue of them his passage to Iapan, might be made more easy.

'Tis true, the news he receiv'd, that

the Chinois, ill satisfy'd of the Portugueses, had turn'd them out of their Country, seem'd to have broken all his Measures, because it was impossible to arrive at the Isles of Iapan, by the way of Malacca, without touching at some Port of China. But 'tis the property of Apostolical Zeal, to make no account of those seeming im∣possibilities, which appear in the greatest undertakings.

When Xavier was come back to Goa,* 1.53 and it was known that he design'd a Voyage to Iapan, his Friends made use of all their endeavours to divert him from it. They first set before him the length of the way, which was thirteen hundred Leagues: The certain and ine∣vitable dangers, to which he must ex∣pose his life, not only by reason of Py∣rates, which continually infest those Seas, and murther all who come into their Hands, but also for the Rocks, un∣known to the most skilful Pilots, and of certain Winds call'd Typhons, which reign from China even to Iapan, in a vast ex∣tent of Sea. They said, That those impe∣tuous ••urricanes, were us'd to whirl a Ves∣sel round, and founder it, at the same mo∣m••n••; or else drive it with fury against the Rocks, and split it in a thousand pieces. They added, If by Miracle he shou'd hap∣pen

to escape the Pyrates, and avoid the Tempests, yet he cou'd promise no manner of safety to himself, in the Ports of China, from whence the Portugueses were expell'd; and for what remain'd, if he were possess'd with an unsatiable Zeal, there were other vast Kingdoms of the East, where the light of the Gospel had not shone; that even in the Neighbourhood of Goa there were Isles remaining, and Territories of Idolaters: That he might go thither in Gods name, and leave the thoughts of those remote Islands, which Nature seem'd to have di∣vided from the Commerce of Mortals; and where the power of the Portugueses not being establish'd, Christianity cou'd not be able to maintain it self, against the Perse∣cution of the Pagans.

Xavier was so well perswaded,* 1.54 that God wou'd have him travell to Iapan, that he wou'd not listen to the reasons of his Friends. He laugh'd at their fears, and told them, That perhaps he should not be more unfortunate than George Alvarez, or Alvarez Vaz, who had perform'd the Voyage of Japan, in spight of all those Py∣rates, and those Hurricanes, with which they wou'd affright him. This he said smi∣ling, after which, resuming a serious Air, Verily, said he, I am amaz'd, that you wou'd endeavour to hinder me, from going

for the good of Souls, whither you your selves wou'd go, out of the sordid con••ide∣ration of a small transitory gain! and must plainly tell you, I am asham'd of your lit∣tle Faith. But I am asham'd for my self, that you have prevented me in going thi∣ther first, and cannot bear that a Merchant shou'd have more courage than a Missioner. In conclusion, he told them, That having so often experienc'd the care of Providence, it wou'd be an impiety to distrust it; that it had not preserv'd him from the Swords of the Badages, and the poisons of the Is••e del Moro, to abandon him in other dan∣gers: that India was not the boundary of his Mission; but that in coming thither, his design had always b••en, to carry the Faith, even to the utmost limits of the World.

He then wrote to Father Ignatius,* 1.55 to give him an account of his intended Voyage, and of the thoughts of his Hea••t, concerning it. I cannot express to you, said he, with what joy I undertake this long Voyage. For 'tis all full of extream dangers; and ••e who out of four Ships, can preserve one, thinks he has made a saving Voyage; though these perils are surpassing all I have hitherto prov'd, yet I am not disc••urag'd a j••t the more from my un∣dertaking: So much the Lord has been pleas'd to ••ix it in my mind, that the Cross

shall produce great fruits in those Countries, when once it shall be planted there.

He wrote at the same time to Father Simon Rodriguez; and some passages of the Letter, well describe the disposition of the holy Man. There are arriv'd here, some Ships from Malacca, who confirm the news, that all the Ports of China are arm'd, and that the Chineses, are making open War with Portugal: which notwith∣standing, my Resolutions still continue for Japan, for I see nothing more sweet, or pleasing in this World, than to live in con∣tinual dangers of Death, for the honour of Jesus Christ, and for the interests of the Faith. It being indeed the distinguishing Character of a Christian, to take more plea∣sure in the hardships of the Cross, than in the softness of repose.

The Apostle being upon the point of his departure,* 1.56 for Iapan, establish'd Fa∣ther Paul de Camerine, Superiour Gene∣ral in his place; and Father Antonio Go∣mez, Rectour of the Seminary at Goa. At the same time he prescrib'd Rules to both of them, in what manner they shou'd live together, and how they shou'd govern their In••eriours.

Behold in particular, what he recom∣mended to Father Paul, I adjure you, said he, by the desire you have to please our

Lord, and by the Love you bear to Fa∣ther Ignatius, and all the Society, to treat Gomez, and all our Fathers and Brothers, who are in the Indies, with much mildness; not ordering them to do any thing, without mature deliberation, and in modest terms, without any thing of Haughtiness, or Violence. Truly, considering the know∣ledge I h••ve, of all the Labourers of the Society, at this present day employ'd in the new World, I may easily conclude, they have no need of any Superiour; nevertheless not to bereave them of the merit of Obe∣dience, and because the Order of Discipline so requires, I have thought convenient, to set some one above the rest, and have cho∣sen you for that purpose; knowing, as I do, both your M••desty and your Prudence. It remains, that I c••mmand and pray you, by that voluntary ••bedience, which you have vow'd to our Father Ignatius, to live so well, with Antonio Gomez. that the least appearance of misunderstanding betwixt you, may be av••ided, ••ay, and ev••n the least coldness: but ••n the contrary▪ that you may be always seen in a holy Vnion, and conspi∣ring with all your strength, to the common welfare ••f the Church.

If our Bre••h••e•• who are at Comorine in the Molucca••s, or otherwhere, wri•••• to you, that you w••u••d obtain any 〈…〉〈…〉

them, from the Bishop or the Viceroy, or demand any Spiritual or Temporal Supplies from you, leave all things, and employ your selves, entirely to effect what they desire. For those Letters, which you shall write to those unwearied Labourers, who bear the heat and burden of the day, beware that there be nothing of sharpness, or dryness in them. Rather be careful of every line, that even every word may breath nothing but tender∣ness and sweetness.

Whatsoever they shall require of you, for their Diet, their Cloathing, for their preservation of Health, or towards their recovery of it, furnish them liberally, and speedily; for 'tis reasonable you shou'd have compassion on them, who labour uncessantly, and without any humane Consolation. What I have said, points chiefly to the Missioners of Comorine, and the Molu••ca's. Their Mission is the most painful, and they ought to be refresh'd, lest they sink under the burden of the Cross. Do then, in such man∣ner, that they may not ask you twice for necessaries. They are in the Battel, you are in the Camp; and for my own part, I find those duties of Charity so just, so indispen∣sable, th••t I am bold to a••jure you in the name of God, and of our Father Ignatius, that you wou'd perform your Duties, with all exactness, with all diligence, and with all satisfaction imaginable.

Father Xavier since his return,* 1.57 had sent Nicholas Lancilotti to Coulan, Mel∣chier Gons••lez to Bazain, and Alphonso Cy∣prian to Socotora. Before his departure, he sent Gasper Barzeus to Ormuz, with one Companion, who was not yet in Or∣ders. This famous Town, scituate at the entry of the Persian Gulph, was then full of enormous vices, which the mingle of Nations and different Sects had intro∣duc'd. The Saint had thoughts of going thither himself, to prepare the way for other Missioners, according to his own Maxims, to send none of the Priests, to any place, which he knew not first, by his own Experience. But the Voyage of Iapan, superseded that of Ormuz.

How great soever his Opinions were,* 1.58 of the Prudence and Vertue of Father Gasper, yet he thought ••it to give him in writing some particular instructions, to help him in the conduct of that im∣portant Mission. I imagine those in∣structions, wou'd not be unpleasing to the Reader, I am sure, at least, they will not be unprofitable to Missioners; and for that reason I shall make a recital of them. You shall behold them, nei∣ther alter'd, nor in that confusion, which the•• are in other Authors; but faithfully translated from the Copy of a Manu∣script,

extant in the Archieves of Goa.

1. Above all things have care of per∣fecting your self;* 1.59 and of discharging faith∣fully, what you owe to God, and your own Conscience. For by this means you will be∣come most capable of serving your Neighbour, and of gaining Souls. Take pleasure in the most abject employments of your Ministry; that by exercising them, you may acquire ••umility, and daily advance in that Ver∣tue.

Be sure your self to teach the Ignorant those Prayers,* 1.60 which every Christian ought to have by Heart; and lay not on any o∣ther person, an Employment, so little osten∣tatious. Give your self the trouble of hearing the Children and Slaves repeat them word by word, after you. Do the same thing to the Children of the Christian Natives of the Countrey: they who behold you thus exercis'd, will be edify'd by your Modesty. And as modest persons easily at∣tract the esteem of others, they will judge you proper to instruct themselves, in the My∣steries of Christian Religion.

You shall frequently visit the poor in the Hospitals,* 1.61 and from time to time exhort them to confess themselves, and to commu∣nicate; giving them to understand, that Confession is the remedy for past Sins, and the Communion a preservative against Re∣lapses.

That both of them destroy the cause of the miseries of which they complain, by reason that the ills they suffer, are only the punishment of their offences. On this ac∣count, when they are willing to confess, you shall hear their Confessio••s, with all the lei∣sure you can afford them. After this care taken of their Souls, you are not to be un∣mindful of their Bodies, but recommend the distrest with all diligence and affection, to the Administratours of the Hospital, and procure them, by other means, all relief wi••hin your power.

You shall also visit the Prisoners,* 1.62 and excite them to make a general Confession of their lives. They have more need than o∣thers, to be stirr'd up to it, because among that sort of people, there are few to be found, who ever made an exact Confession. Pray the Brotherhood of Mercy, to have pity on th••se wretches, and labour with the Iudges for their inlargement; in the mean time providing for the most necessitous, who oftentimes have not wherewithal to sub∣sist.

You shall serve,* 1.63 and advance what lies in you, the Brotherhood of Mercy. If you meet with any rich Merch••nts, who poss••ss ill gotten Goods, and who being con∣fess'd, are willing to restore, that which ap∣p••rtains not to them, though of themselves

they intrust you with the Money for Resti∣tutions, when they are ignorant to whom it is due, or that their Creditors appear not, remit all those sums into the Hands of the Brotherhood of Mercy, even though you know of some necessitous persons, on whom such Charities might be well employ'd.

Thus you shall not expose your self to be deceiv'd by those wicked Men, who affect an Air of Innocence and Poverty; and w••o ••annot so easily surprise the Brotherhood, whose principal application is to distinguish betwixt Counterfeits, and those who are tru∣ly indigent.

And besides, you will gain the more lei∣sure for those Functions, which are yours in a more especial manner, which are devoted to the Conversion of Souls, and shall em∣ploy your whole time therein, some of which must otherwise be taken up, in the distribu∣tion of Alms; which cannot be perform'd, without much trouble and distraction. In fine, by this means▪ you shall prevent the complaints and suspitions of a sort of p••ople, who interpret all things in the worst mean∣ing, and who might perhaps perswade them∣selves, that under the pretence of pa••ing other Mens debts, you divert the i••••ention of the Money given, and employ 〈…〉〈…〉 uses some part of what was intrusted ••••th you.

Transact in such manner,* 1.64 with secular persons, with whom you have familiari∣ty or friendship, as if you thought they might one day become your Enemies: By this management of your self, you will nei∣ther do nor say any thing, of which you may have reason to repent you, and with which they may upbraid you in their Passion. We are oblig••d to these precautions, by the Sons of a corrupt Generation, who are conti∣nually looking on the Children of light, with mistrustful and malignant Eyes.

You ought not to have less circumspection,* 1.65 in what relates to your spiritual advance∣ment, and assure your self, you shall make a great progress, in contemning of your self, and in union with God, if you regulate all your Words and Actions, by Prudence. The Examen, which we call particular, will as∣sist you much in it. Fail not of doing it twice a day, or once at least, according to our common method, whatsoever business you have upon your hands.

Preach to the People,* 1.66 the most frequent∣ly that you can; for preaching is an uni∣versal good; and amongst all Evangelical Employments, there is none more profita∣ble; but beware of advancing any doubtful propositions, on which the Doctors are divi∣ded. Take for the Subject of your Sermons, clear and unquestionable truths, which tend

of themselves to the regulation of manners. Set forth the enormity of Sin, by setting up, that infinite Majesty, which is offend∣ed by the Sinner. Imprint in Souls, a live∣ly horrour of that Sentence, which shall be thunder'd out against Reprobates at the last Iudgment. Represent with all the colours of your Eloquence, those pains which the damn'd are eternally to suffer. In fine, threaten with death, and that with sudden death, those who neglect their Salvation; and who having their Conscience loaded with many Sins, yet sleep in security, as if they had no cause of fear.

You are to mingle with all these conside∣rations, that of the Cross, and the death of the Saviour of Mankind; but you are to do it, in a moving pathetical manner; by those figures, which are proper to excite such motions, as cause in our Hearts a deep sorrow for our Sins, in the presence of an offended God, even to draw Tears from the Eyes of your Audience. This is the Idea, which I wish you wou'd propose to your self, for preaching profitably.

When you reprove Vices in the Pulpit,* 1.67 never characterise any person, especially the chief Officers, or Magistrates. If they do any thing which you disapprove, and of which you think convenient to admonish them; make them a visit, and speak to

them in private, or, when they come of themselves to Confession, tell them at the sacred Tribunal of Penance, what you have to say to them; but never advertise them in publick of it: for that sort of People, who are commonly proud and nice of hearing, instead of amendment by publick admoniti∣ons, become furious, like Bulls, who are prick'd forward by a Goad: Moreover, be∣fore you take upon you, to give them private admonition, be careful to enter first into their acquaintance, and familiarity.

Make your admonition, either more gen∣tle, or more strong, according as you have more or less access to them. But always moderate the roughest part of your Reproof, with the gaiety of your Air, and a smiling Countenance, by the civility of well-man∣ner'd words, and a sincere protestation, that all you do, is but an effect of the kindness you have for them. 'Tis good also to add respectful submissions to the pleasingness of your Discourse, with tender Embraces, and all the marks of that Consideration and good Will you have for the person of him, whom you thus correct. For if a rigid Counte∣nance, and harsh Language shou'd accompa∣ny Reproof, which of it self, is hard of di∣gestion, and bitter to the tast, 'tis not to be doubted, but Men accustom'd to Flatteries, will not endure it: and there is reason to

apprehend, that a burst of rage against the Censor, will be all the fruit of the Repri∣mand.

For what concerns Confession,* 1.68 behold the method which I judge the fittest for these Quarters of the East, where the License of Sin is very great, and the use of Penance very rare. When a Person, harden'd in a long habit of Vice shall come to Confession, exhort him to take three or four days time of preparation, to examine his Conscience throughly, and for the assist∣ance of his memory, cause him to write down the Sins which he has observ'd in all the Course of his Life, from his Childhood to that present time. Being thus dispos'd, after he has made his Confession, it will not be convenient, that you shou'd be too hasty in giving him absolution. But it will be profitable to him, to retire two or three days, and abstain from his ordinary con∣versation, and dealings with men, and to excite himself to sorrow for his sins, in consideration of the love of God, which will render his Sacramental Absolution of more efficacy to him. During that little interval of retirement, you shall instruct him in the way of Meditation, and shall oblige him to make some meditations, from the first week of Exercises. You shall counsel him to practise some mortification of his Body;

for example, to Fast, or to Discipline him∣self, which will help him to conceive a true sorr••w for his offences, and to shed the tears of Penance. Besides this, if the Penitents have enrich'd themselves by sini∣ster ways, or if by their malitious talk, they have blasted the reputation of their Neighbour, cause them to make restitution of their ill-gotten Goods, and make repara∣tions of their Brethren's honour, during the space of those three days. If they are given to unlawful Love, and are now in an actual commerce of Sin, cause them to break off those Criminal ingagements, and forsake the occasions of their Crime. There is not any time more proper, to exact from Sinnes those duties, the performance of which is as necessary as it is difficult; for when once their ••ervour is past away, it will be in vain to demand of them the exe∣cution of their promise; and perhaps you will have the trouble of seeing them fall back into the Precipice, for want of remo∣ving them to a distance from it.

In administring the Sacrament of Pe∣nance,* 1.69 take heed of discouraging those, who begin to discover the wounds of their Souls to you, by appearing too rashly and too ha∣stily severe. H••w enormous soever their Sins may be, hear them, not only with pa∣tience, but with mildness; help out, even

their bashfulness, by testifying to them your compassion, and not seeming to be amaz'd at what you hear. Insinuate into them, that you have heard in Confession sins of a much more crying nature: and lest they shou'd despair of Pardon for their faults, speak to them of the infinite Mercies of the Lord.

When they declare a crime in such a manner, that you may perceive they are in trouble how to speak, interrupt them, by letting them know, that their sin is not altogether so great as they may think: that by God's assistance you can heal the most mortal wounds of the Soul; bid them go on without any apprehension, and make no dif∣ficulty of telling all. You will find some of them, whom either the weakness of their Age or Sex will hinder from revealing to you their more shameful sins. When you perceive that bashfulness has ty'd their tongue, be before hand with them, and by the way of a charitable prevention, let them know, that they are neither the first, nor the only Persons, who have fallen into dis∣order, that those things which they want the confidence to tell you, are little in com∣parison of what you have heard from others, on the same Subject. Impute some part of their offence to the corruption of Nature, to the violence of the Temptation, and to

the unhappiness they had to be ingag'd in such Occasions and pressing Circumstances, where their fall was almost unavoidable. In fine, I must advertise you, that to re∣move from such persons, that unseasonable shame-fac'dness, which keeps them silent; from such Persons, I say, whom the Devil has made as bashful after a Crime, as they were impudent before it, it may be neces∣sary sometimes, to discover to them in ge∣neral, the frailties of our own past Lives. For what can a true and servent Charity refuse. for the safety of those Souls who have been redeem'd with the blood of Je∣sus Christ! But to understand, when this is proper to be done, how far to proceed, and with what precautions, is what the in∣teriour Spirit, and your experience must teach you, in those particular Conjunctures.

You will ordinarily meet with some Christians,* 1.70 who believe not the truth of the Holy Sacrament of the Altar, either by not frequenting it, or by their Con∣versation, with Pagans, Mahometans and Heretiques, or by the scandal, which is given them by some Christians, and principally (which I speak with shame and sorrow) by such Priests, whose Life is not more holy, than that of the Peo∣ple. For, beholding some of them, ap∣proaching the Altar, without any pre∣paration,

assisting at it, without mo∣desty and reverence, they imagine, that Iesus Christ is not, as we say he is, in the Sacrifice of the Mass, for if he were there present, he wou'd never suffer such impure hands to touch him.

Make it your business, that those mis-believing Chri∣stians shou'd propose to you all their doubts, and discover to you all their imaginations, which being known, then prove to them the real presence of Iesus Christ, by all those reasons which are capable of establishing it; and shew them, that the surest means for them to come out of their errours, and leave their Vices, is often to approach that Sacrament, with suitable preparations to it.

Though your Penitents may be well prepar'd for Confession,* 1.71 think not when they shall declare their Sins, that your business is done. You must dive into the bottom of their Conscience, and by exami∣nation, draw out of them, what themselves know not. Ask then of them, by what ways and in what manner, they make advantage of their Money: what are their Principles, and what their Practise, in their Sails, in their Borrowing, and in all their Business. You shall find Vsury reigning throughout their Traffick; and that they who have no stings of Conscience, in relation to unjust

dealings, have by indirect ways scrap'd to∣gether, the greatest part of their Estates. But in things, where money has to do, many are so harden'd, that being charg'd with rapine, they have either no scruple concern∣ing it, or so very light, that it never breaks their sleep.

Use particularly this Method, towards the Governours, the Treasurers, the Re∣ceivers, and other Officers belonging to the Revenue. Whensoever they present themselves before you in the Sacred Tribu∣nal, interrogate that sort of People, by what means they grow so rich, what secret they have to make their Offices and employ∣ments bring them in such mighty Sums? If they are slye of telling you, turn and wind them every way, and the most mildly that you can, make them speak, in spight of themselves. You shall soon discover their tricks, and secret ways of management, by which, an inconsiderable number of those they call men of Business, divert to their own private advantages, what was design'd for the publick profit. They buy up Com∣modities with the King's Money, that by selling them again, they may be able to make up their Accompts. And by taking up all the Commodities in the Port, they put the people upon a necessity of buying at their Price, that is, at most intolerable Rates.

Too of••en also, they make men languish at the Treasury, with long delays, and can∣ning shifts, or some other captious Trick; men I say, to whom the Exchequer is owing, that they may be driven to Compound with those Sharks of State, for half their due, and let them go off with the other half: this open Robbery, this manifest Villany, those Gentlemen call by a mollify'd name, the fruits of their industry. When you have squeez'd out of them the Confession of these Monopolies, and the like, by wire∣drawing them, with apt questions, you will come more easily to the knowledge of their ungodly gains, and what they ought to make restitution of, to their Neighbour, in order to their being reconcil'd to God, than if in general, you shou'd interrogate them con∣cerning their injustice. For example, de∣mand of them, what persons they have wrong'd, they will immediately answer, that their memory upbraids them not with wronging any man; and behold the reason! Custom is to them, in the place of Law; and that which they see done before them every day, they perswade themselves may be practis'd without Sin. As if Custom can authorize by I know not what kind of prescription, that which is vitious and Cri∣minal in its own nature. You shall admit of no such right; but shall declare to such

People, that if they will secure their Con∣science, they must restore, what they possess unjustly.

Remember especially,* 1.72 to obey the Vicar of the Bishop: When you are arriv'd at Ormuz, you shall go to wait on him, and falling on your knees before him, you shall humbly kiss his hand. You shall neither Preach, nor exercise any other Employment of our Institute, without his permission, a∣bove all things, have no difference with him, for any, whatsoever cause: on the con∣trary, endeavour by all submissi••ns, and all possible services, to gain his friendship, in such sort, that he may be willing to be taught by you, to make the meditations of our Spiritual Exercises, at least those of the first week, use almost the same me∣thod, with all the other Priests; if you cannot perswade them to retire for a month, according to our custom, engage them to a retreat of some few days, and fail not to visit them every day, during that recess, to explicate to them the Subjects of those meditations.

Pay a g••eat respect to the Person of the Governour;* 1.73 and make it apparent, by the most profound submissions, how much you honour him. Beware of any difference with him, on whatsoever occasion; even though you shou'd observe, that he performs not

his duty, in matters of importance; but after you perceive, that your demeanour has instated you in his favour, and good graces, go boldly to visit him: and after you have testify'd the concernment you have for his safety and his honour, by a princi∣ple of good will to him, then declare with all modesty, and softness of expression, the sorrow you have to see his Soul and Re∣putation indanger'd, by what is reported of him in the World.

Then you shall make known to him the discourse of the People; you shall desire him to reflect, on the bad consequences of such reports; that they may possibly be put in writing, and go farther, that he wou'd willingly they shou'd; if he bethinks him not in time, of giving satisfaction to the Publick. Nevertheless, take not this upon you, before you are in some sort satisfied of his good disposition, and that it appears probable to you, that your advertisement may sort to good effect.

Be yet more cautious in charging your self, with bearing to him the complaints of particular Persons, and absolutely refuse that Commission, by excusing your self on your Evangelical Functions, which permit you not to frequent the Palaces of the Great, nor to attend whole days together, for the favourable minutes of an Audience,

which is always difficult to obtain. You shall add, that when you shou'd have the leisure to make your Court, and that all the doors of the Palace were open to you at all hours, you shou'd have little hopes of any fruit from your remonstrances; and that if the Governour be such a man as they report, 'he will have small regard to you, as being ••o way touch'd, either with the fear ••f God, or the duties of his own Conscience.

You shall employ,* 1.74 in the Conversion of In••idels, all the time you have free, from your ordinary labours, which indispensably regard Christians. Always prefer those Employments, which are of a larger extent, to those which are more narrowly con••in'd. According to that Rule, you shall never o∣mit a Sermon in publick, to hear a private Confession. You shall not set aside the Ca∣techising, which is appointed every day, at a certain hour, to visit any particular per∣son, or for any good work of the like nature. For the rest, an hour before Catechism, either you, or your Companion, shall go to the places of most concourse in the Town, and invite all men with a loud voice, to come and hear the exposition of the Christian Doctrine.

You shall write from time to time,* 1.75 to the Colledge of Goa, what Functions you

exercise for the advancement of God's glory, what order you keep there, and what blessing God gives on your endeavours. Have care▪ that your Relations be exact, and such that our Fathers at Goa, may send them into Europe, as so many au∣thentique proofs, of what you perform in the East, and of what success it shall please God to bestow, on the labours of our little Society▪ Let nothing slip into those ac∣counts, which may reasonably give offence to any man; nothing that may seem im∣probable, nothing which may not edify the Reader, and give him occasion to magnify the name of God.

When you are come to Ormuz,* 1.76 I am of opinion that you shou'd see particularly those who are of greatest reputation for their probity, the most sincere, and who are most knowing in the manners of the Town. From such, inform your self ex∣actly, what Vices are most reigning in it what sorts of Cheats, enter most into con∣tracts, and Societies of Commerce, that so understanding all things thoroughly, and truly, you may have your words and rea∣sons in a readiness, to instruct and re∣prove those, who being guilty of covert Vsuries, false Bargaining, and other wicked actions, so common in a place which is ••••'d with such a concourse of different

Nations, shall treat with you in fami∣liar Conversation, or in Sacramental Con∣fession.

You shall walk the Streets,* 1.77 every night, and recommend the Souls of the Dead to the Prayers of the Living. But let those expressions, which are us'd by you, be pro∣per to move the compassion of the Faith∣ful, and to imprint the thoughts of Reli∣gio••, in the bottom of their Souls. You sh••ll also desire their Prayers to God, for such as are in mortal Sin; that they may obtain the grace of coming out of so deplorable a condition.

Endeavour at all times,* 1.78 to make your humour agreeable, keep a gay and serene Countenance, without suffering the least shadow of choler, or sadness to appear in it; otherwise, those who come to visit you, will never open their hearts to you, and will not repose all that confidence in you, which 'tis necessary they shou'd have, to the end they may profit by your discourse: speak always with civility and mildness, even in your reprehensions, as I have al∣ready told you, and when you reprove any one, do it with so much charity, that it may be evident, the fault displeases you, and not the Person.

On Sundays,* 1.79 and Saints days, you shall preach at two of the Clock in the After∣noon,

At the Church of the Misericordia, or in the Principal Church of the Town; sending first your Companion about the Streets, with his Bell in his hand, to in∣vite the People to the Sermon.

If you had not rather perform that Of∣fice in your own Person, you shall carry to Church that Exposition of the Apostles Creed, which I have put into your hands, and the practice which I have compos'd, how to pass the day in Christian duties. You shall give Copies of that Practice, to those whose Confessions you hear; and shall enjoyn them for their holy Penance, to do for certain days, that which is contain'd in it. By this means they shall accustom themselves to a Christian Life, and shall come to do of their own accord, by the force of custom, that which they did at the first, only by the command of their Confessour. But, foreseeing, that you can∣not have Copies ••now for so many Peo∣ple, I advise you, to that Practice writ∣ten out in a fair large hand, and expose it in some publick Place, that they who are willing to make use of it, may read, and Transcribe it, at their own conve∣nience.

They,* 1.80 who shall be desirous of being re∣ceiv'd into the Society, and whom you shall judge to be proper for it, you may send

them to Goa, with a Letter, which shall point out their Design, and their Talents for it, or else you may retain them with you. In this last Case, after you have caus'd them to perform the Spiritual Exercises for a month together, you shall make a tryal of them, in some such manner, as may edify the People, without exposing them to be ridiculous. Order them, there∣fore, to serve the Sick in the Hospitals, and to debase themselves to the meanest, and most distastful Offices. Make them visit the Prisoners, and teach them how to give comfort to the miserable. In fine, Exercise your Novices, in all the practi∣ses of humility, and mortification, but per∣mit them not to appear in publick, in ex∣travagant habits, which may cause them to be derided by the multitude; suffer it not, I say, far from imposing it upon them. Ingage not all the Novices, indifferently to those tryals, which their nature most abhors; but examine well the strength of each, and sute their mortification to their temper, to their education, to the ad∣vance they make in Spirituals, in such sort, that the tryal may not be unprofitable, but that it may produce its effect, accord∣ing to that measure of grace, which is gi∣ven them. If he who directs the Novices, has not all these considerations, it will fall

out, that they who were capable of making a great proficience in Ver••ue, with good management, will lose their courage, and go backward. And besides, those indis∣creet tryals, too difficult for Beginners, take off the love of the Master from his Novices, and cause his Disciples to lessen their confidence in his directions. In the mean time, whoever forms young People to a Religious Life, ought to leave nothing untry'd, to bring them to a candid and free discovery of their evil inclinations, and the suggestions of the Devil, at the same moment, when they are tempted, for without this, they will never be able to disintangle themselves, from the Snares of the Tempter; never will they arrive to a religious perfection. On the contrary, those first seeds of evil being brooded over, and nourish'd, as I may say, by silence, will in∣sensibly produce, most lamentable effects; even so far, 'till the Novices come to grow weary of regular Discipline, to nau∣seate it, and at length throw off the yoke of Jesus Christ, and re-plunge themselves in the pollutions of the World.

They, amongst those young men, whom you shall observe, to be most subject to vain∣glory, and delighted with sensual pleasures, and other vices, ought to be cur'd, in this following manner. Make them search for

reasons, and for proofs, against those Vi∣ces, to which they are inclin'd: And when they have found many, help them to com∣pose some short Discourses on them. Cause them afterwards to pronounce those Dis∣courses, either to the p••••ple in the Church, or in the Hospitals, to those who are in a way of recovery, so as to be present at them, or in other places; there is reason to hope, that the things which they have fix'd in their Minds, by constant study, and strong application will be at least as profitable to themselves, as to their Au∣dience. Doubtless they will be asham'd, not to profit by those Remedies, which they propose to others, and to continue in those Vices, from which they endeavour to dis∣suade their Hearers. You shall use pro∣portion••bly the same industry, towards those Sinners, who cannot conquer themselves so far, as they commonly say, to put away the occasions of their Sin, or to make re∣stitution of those goods, which they have gotten unlawfully, and detain unjustly from other men. After you have indear'd your self to them, by a familiar acquaintance, advise them to say that to their own Hearts, which they wou'd say to a Friend, on the like occasion, and ingage, as it were for the exercise of their parts, to devise such Arguments, as condemn their Actions in the prson of another.

Sometimes you will see before you,* 1.81 when you are seated in the Tribunal of Pe••ance, Men, who are inslav'd to their Pleasures, and their Avarice, whom no motive of Gods Love, nor thought of D••ath, nor fear of Hell, can oblige to put away a Mistress, or to restore ill-gotten Goods. The only means of reducing such people, is to threaten them, with the misfortunes of this present life, which are the only ills they ap∣prehend: Declare then to them, that if they hasten not to appease Divine Iustice, they shall suddenly suffer considerable losses at Sea, and be ill treated by the Gover∣nours; that they shall lose their Law-Suits, that they shall languish many years in Pri∣son, that they shall be seiz'd with incura∣ble Diseases, and reduc'd to extream poverty, without any to relieve them; in fine, that they and their Posterity, becoming infamous, shall be the Objects of the publick hate, and cur∣ses. Tell them by way of reason, for those ac∣cidents, that no Man, who sets God at naught, remains unpunish'd; and that his vengeance is so much the more terrible, by how much longer his Patience has been a∣bus'd. The Images of these temporal punish∣ments, will affright those Carnal Men, who are not to be wrought on but by their Sen∣ses, and will bring forth in their insensible Souls, the first motions of the fear of God, of that saving fear which is the beginning of Wisdom.

Before you treat with any one,* 1.82 concern∣ing his Spiritual Affairs, endeavour to un∣derstand how his Soul stands•• affected. Whether it be calm, or toss'd with any vio∣lent passion, whether he be ready to follow the right way, when it shall be shewn to him, or whether he wanders from it of set purpose. Whether it be the Tempter, or the Byass of his own Inclination which seduces him to evil, whether he be docile, and dis∣pos'd to hear good Counsel, or of that un∣tractable humour, on which no hold is to be fasten'd, it will beh••ve you to vary your Discourse, according to these several dispo∣sitions: but though more circumspection is to be taken with harden'd Souls, and dif∣ficult of access, you are never to flatter the Disease, nor say any thing to him, which may weaken the vertue of the Remedy, and hinder its effect.

Wheresoever you shall be,* 1.83 even though you only pass through a place, and stay but little in it, endeavour to make some ac∣quaintance, and enquire of those who have the name of honest and experienc'd Men, not only what Crimes are most frequently com∣mitted in that Town, and what deceipts most us'd in Traffick, as I have already taught you in relation to Ormuz; but far∣ther learn the Inclinations of the people, the Customs of the Country, the form•• of Go∣vernment,

the receiv'd Opinions, and all things respecting the commerce of Humane Life. For believe me, the knowledge of those things, is very profitable to a Missio∣ner, for the speedy curing of Spiritual Di∣seases, and to have always at hand, where∣withal to give ease to such as come before you.

You will understand from thence, on what point you are most to insist in preach∣ing, and what chiefly to recommend in Con∣fessions. This knowledge will make, that nothing shall be new to you, nothing shall surprise, or amase you; it will furnish you with the Address of conducting Souls, and even with Authority over them. The Men of the World, are accustom'd to despise the Religious, as people, who understand it not. But if they find one, who knows how to behave himself in Conversation, and has practis'd Men, they will admire him as an extraordinary person; they will give themselves up to him, they will find no dif∣ficulty, even in doing violence to their own Inclinations, under his direction, and will freely execute•• what he injoys, though never so repugnant to their corrupt Nature. Behold the wonderful fruit of knowing well the World; so that you are not at this pre∣sent, to take less pains in acquiring this knowledge, than formerly you have done, in

learning Philosophy, and Divinity. For what remains, this Science is neither to be learnt, from ancient Manuscripts, nor prin∣ted Books; 'tis in living Books, and the Conversation of knowing Men, that you must study it: With it, you shall do more good, than if you dealt amongst the people, all the Arguments of the Doctors, and all the Subtilties of the School.

You shall set apart one day of the week,* 1.84 to reconcile differences, and regulate the Interests of such as are ••t variance, and are preparing to go to Law. Hear them one after the other, and propose terms of Accommodation to them. Above all things, give them to understand, that they shall find their account in a friendly Reconciliation, sooner than in casting them∣selves into eternal Suits, which without speaking of their Conscience, and their Credit, ever cost much Money, and more trouble. I know well, that this will not be pleasing to the Advocates and Proctors, whom t••e spinning out a Process, and tricks of wr••ngling, still enrich: But trouble not your self, with what those Bawlers say, and make even them comprehend, if it be possible, that by perpetuating Suits, by these numberless Formalities, they expose themselves to the danger of eternal Dam∣nation. Endeavour also to ingage them

into a Retirement of some few days, to the end, their spiritual Exercises, may work them off to other courses.

Stay not till your arrival at Ormuz be∣fore you preach.* 1.85 Begin on Ship-board, and as soon as you come there. In your Ser∣mons, affect not to make a shew of much Learning, or of a happy Memory, by ci∣ting many passages of ancient Authors; some few are necessary, but let them be chosen and fitted to the purpose. Employ the best part of your Sermon, in a lively description of the interiour estate of world∣ly Souls. Set before their Eyes in your Discourse, and let them see, as in a Glass, their own disquiets, their little cunnings, their trif••ing projects, and their vain hopes. You shall also shew them, the un∣happy issue of all their designs. You shall discover to them, the snares which are l••id for them, by the evil Spirit, and teach them the means of shunning them. But, moreover, you shall tell them, That if they suffer themselves to be surpris'd by them, they are to expect the worst that can hap∣pen to them; and by this you shall gain their attention: for a man never fails of attentive A••dience, when the Interest of the Hearer, is the Subject of the Dis∣course. Stuff not out your S••rmons, with sublime Speculations, knotty Q••estions,

and Scholastical Controversies. Those things which are above the level of men of the World, only make a noise and signifie no∣thing. 'Tis necessary to represent men to themselves, i•• you will gain them. But well to express, what passes in the bottom their Hearts, you must first understand them well; and in order to that, you must practise their Conversation, you must watch them narrowly, and fathom all their depths. Study then those living Books, and assure your self, you shall draw out of them, the means of turning Sinners, on what side you please.

I do not forbid you, nevertheless, to con∣sult the holy Scriptures on requisite occasi∣ons, nor the Fathers of the Church, nor the Canons, n••r Books of Piety, nor Treatises of Morality, they may furnish you with solid proof••, for the establishment of Christian Truths, with Soveraign Remedies against Temptations, and Heroical Examples of V••rtue. But all this will appear too cold, and be to no purpose, if Souls be not dis∣pos'd to profit by them; and they cannot profit but by the ways I have prescrib'd. So, that the duty of a Preacher, is to sound the bottom of Humane Hearts, to have an exact knowledge of the World, to make a faithful Picture of man, and set it in so true a light, that every one may know it for his own.

Since the King of Portugal,* 1.86 has order'd, that you shall be allow'd from the Treasury, what is needful for your subsistance, make use of the favour of so charitable a Prince, and receive nothing but from his Ministers. If other persons will giv•• you any thing, refuse it, though they shou'd offer it of their own meer motion. For as much, as it is of great consequence to the liberty of an Apo∣stolical Man, not to owe his subsistance to those whom he ought to conduct in the way of Salvation, and whom he is bound to reprove, when they go astray from it. One may tru∣ly say of those presents, That he who takes, is taken. And 'tis for this, that when we are to make a charitable Reprehension, to such of whom we receive Alms, we know not well, how to begin it, or in what words to dress it. Or if our Zeal imboldens us to speak freely, our words have less effect up∣on them, because they treat us with an as∣suming Air of loftiness, as if that which we receiv'd from them, had made them our Masters, and put them in possession of despi∣sing us. What I say, relates chiefly to a sort of persons, who are plung'd in Vice, who wou'd willingly be credited with your friend∣ship, and will endeavour by all good Offices, to make way to your good Will. Their de∣sign is not to profit by your Conversation, for the amendment of their lives; all they pre∣tend

to, is to stop your Mouth, and to escape a Censure, which they know they have de∣serv'd. Be upon your guard against such people; yet I am not of opinion, that you shou'd wh••lly reject them, or altogether de∣spise their Courtesy: If they shou'd invite you to their Table, refuse it not; and yet less refuse their Pre••ents of small value, such as are usually made in the Indies, by the Portugueses to each other, and which one cannot refuse, without giving an affront; as for example, Fruits, and Drinks. At the same time, declare to them, that you only receive those little Gifts, in hope they will also receive your good Advice; and that you go to eat with them, only that you may dispose them, by a good Confession, to approach the holy Table. For such Pre∣sents as I have nam'd, such I mean, as are not to be refus'd, when you have receiv'd t••em, send them to the Sick, to the Priso∣n••rs, or to the Poor. The people will be ed••••y'd with this procedure, and no occasion left of susp••cting you, either of niceness or 〈◊〉〈◊〉.

For 〈◊〉〈◊〉 relates to your abode,* 1.87 you will see, at your arrival, and having prudently c••••sider'd the state of things, you may judge where it will be most convenient for you to dwell, either in the Hospital, or the House 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Mercy, or 〈◊〉〈◊〉 little lodging, in the

neighbourhood. If I think fit to call you to Japan, you shall immedately give notice of it, by writing to the Rectour of this Col∣ledge, by two or three different conveyances, to the end, he may supply your place, with one of our Fathers, a man capable of assist∣ing, and comforting the City of Ormuz. In fine, I recommend you to your self; and that in particular, you never forget, that you are a member of the Society of Jesus.

In the Conjunctures of Affairs, experience will best instruct you, what will be most for Gods service; for there is no better Master than Practice, and Observation, in matters of Prudence. Remember me al∣ways in your Prayers; and take care, that they who are under your direction, recom∣mend me in theirs, to the common Master, whom we serve. To conclude this long, In∣struction, the last advice I give you, is, To read over this Paper carefully, once a week, that you may never forget any one of the Articles contain'd in it. May it please the Lord, to go along with you, to conduct you in your Voyage, and at the same time, to continue here with us.

Eight days after Gasper Barzo••us was gone for Ormus,* 1.88 with his Companion Raymond Pereyra, Father Xavier went himself for Iapan: It was in April 15••19. He imbark'd in a Galley, bound no far∣ther

than Cochin, where waited for him a S••ip, which was to go towards Ma∣lacca. He took for Companions, Father Cozmo de Torrez, and Iohn Fernandez, besides the three Iaponneses, Paul de Sainte Foy, and his two Servants, Iohn and Anthony.

'Tis true, there imbark'd with him, in the same Galley, Emanuel Moralez, and Alphonso de Castro, but it was only that the Father might carry them to Malacca, from whence both of them were to be transported to the Molucca's. The Ship, which attended the Father at Cochin, being just ready to set sail, they made but a short stay, in that place: but it was not unprofitable. The Saint walk∣ing one day, through the Streets, hap∣pen'd to meet a Portuguese of his acquain∣tance; and immediately ask'd him, how he was in health? The Portuguese an∣swer'd, he was very well: yes, reply'd Xavier, in relation to your body, but in regard of your Soul, no man can be in a worse condition. This man, who was then designing in his heart a wicked a∣ction. knew immediately that the Fa∣ther saw into the bottom of it; and se∣riously reflecting on it, follow'd Xavier, Con••ess'd himself, and chang'd his evil life. The Preaching of Castro, so charm'd

the People, that they desir'd to have re∣tain'd him at Cochin, there to have esta∣blish'd the Colledge of the Society: But Xavier, who had design'd him for the Mo∣lucca's, oppos'd it. And Providence, which destin'd the Crown of Martyrdom to that Missioner, suffer'd him not to con∣tinue in a place, where they had nothing but veneration for him.

They left Cochin on the 25th of April,* 1.89 and arriv'd at Malacca on the last of May. All the Town came to meet Fa∣ther Xavier, and every particular Per∣son was overjoy'd at his return. Al∣phonso Martinez, grand Vicar to the Bi∣shop, at that time lay dangerously Sick, and in such an Agony of Soul, as mov'd compassion. For having been advertis'd to put himself in condition of giving up his Accounts to God, of that Ministry which he had exercis'd for thirty years, and of all the actions of his life, he was so struck with the horrour of immediate death, and the disorders of his life, which was not very regular, for a man of his Profession, that he fell into a deep Me∣lancholly, and totally despair'd of his Salvation. He cast out lamentable cryes, which a••••righted the hearers; they heard him name his Sins alo••d, and detest them, with a furious regret, not that

he might ask Pardon for them, but only to declare their enormity. When they wou'd have spoken to him of Gods infi∣nite m••••c••, he broke out into a rage, and ••r••'d out as loud as he was able, that there was no forgiveness for the Damn'd, and no mercy in the Bottom∣less Pit. The sick man was told, that Father Francis was just arriv'd; and was ask'd 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he shou'd not be glad to see him▪ Martinez, who formerly had been very nearly acquainted with him, seem'd to breathe anew, at the hearing of that name, and suddenly began to raise him∣self, to go see (said he) the man of God. But the attempt he made, serv'd only to put him into a fainting Fit. The Father, entring at the same moment, found him in it. It had always been his custom, to make his first visit, to the Ecclesiastical Superiours; but besides this, the sickness of the Vicar, hasten'd the Visit. When the sick man, was come by little and little to himself, Xa∣vier began to speak to him of Eternity, and of the conditions requisite to a Chri∣stian death. This discourse threw Mar∣tinez back again, into his former ter∣rours; and the Servant of God, in this occasion, found that to be true, which he had often said, that nothing is more

difficult, than to perswade a dying man to hope well of his Salvation, who in the course of his life, had ••latter'd himself with the hopes of it, that he might Sin with the greater boldness.

Seeing the evil to be almost past re∣medy, he undertook to do violence to Heaven, that he might obtain for the Sick man, the thoughts of true repen∣tance, and the grace of a religious death. For he made a Vow upon the place, to say a great number of Masses, in honour of the most Holy Trinity, of the Blessed Virgin, of the Angels, and some of the Saints, to whom he had a particular de∣votion. His Vows were scarcely made, when Martinez became calm; began to have reasonable thoughts, and receiv'd the last Sacraments, with a lively sor∣row for his Sins, and a tender relyance on Gods Mercies; after which, he dy'd gently in the arms of Xavier, calling on the name of Iesus Christ.

His happy death gave great consola∣tion to the Holy man;* 1.90 but the Aposto∣lick labours of Francis Perez, and Roch Oliveira, increas'd his joy. He had sent them the year before to Malacca, there to found a Colledge of the Society, ac∣cording to the desire of the People, and they had been very well receiv'd. Pe∣rez

had begun to open a publick School, for the instruction of the youth in Learn∣ing, and Piety, according to the Spirit of their Institute. Oliveira had wholly given himself to the Ministry of Preach∣ing, and the conduct of Souls, but ty∣ing himself more especially to the care of Turks and Iews, of which, there was always a vast Concourse in the Town. For the first, came expresly from Mecca, and the last from Malabar, to endeavour there to plant Mahometism, and Iudaism, where Christianity then flourish'd.

The Example of the two Missioners, drew many Portugueses to that kind of life,* 1.91 of which they both made profession. The most considerable of all, was a young Gentleman, whose name was Iuan Bravo; who by his noble Birth and Valour, might justly hope to raise his fortunes in the World. But he pre••erring Evangelical Poverty, and Religious Hu∣mility, before all those earthly expecta∣tions, and establishments, was just then ready to have taken Ship for Goa, there to execute those thoughts, with which Heaven had inspir'd him, when he was inform'd, that Xavier wou'd take Ma∣lacca in his way. He therefore waited for him, and in the mean time liv'd with Perez and Oliveira, as if he had been al∣ready

of the Society. At least he con∣form'd himself as much as he was able, to their manners, and habited himself like them: that is to say, instead of rich Garments, he put on an old threed-bare Cassock, with which he look'd the World in the face, without having yet forsaken it. He perform'd the Spiritual Exerci∣ses for a month together, and never came out of his retirement, but to em∣ploy himself in works of Charity in the Hospital: There for three months, he attended the Sick, living in Poverty, and begging his Bread from door to door, even in the sight of Iames Sosa his Kins∣man, Admiral of the Fleet, which was Rigging out for the Molucca's.

These Tryals oblig'd the Father to re∣ceive Bravo into the Society. He ad∣mitted him almost immediately, to take the first Vows, and finding in him an excellent foundation, for all the Aposto∣lical Vertues, he took care to cultivate him; even so far, as to leave him in writing these following Rules, before his departure to Iapan.

See here,* 1.92 my dear Brother, the from of life, which you are constantly to practise every day. In the morning, as soon as you are awaken'd, prepare your self to meditate on some Mystery of

our Lord; beginning from his holy Na∣tivity, and continuing to his glorious A∣scension; the Subjects of the Medita∣tions are mark'd, and put in Order, in the Book of Exercises. Employ at the least half an hour in Prayers; and ap∣ply your self to it, with all those inte∣riour dispositions, which you may re∣member you practis'd, in your retire∣ment of a month. Consider every day one Mystery, in such manner, that if, for Example, on Monday, the Birth of our Saviour, was the Subject of your Meditation, that of his Circumcision shall be for Tuesday; and so in course, 'till in a months time, having run through all the actions of Iesus Christ, you come to contemplate him ascending into Heaven in Triumph. You are eve∣ry Month, to begin these Meditations again, in the same order.

At the end of every Meditation, you shall renew your Vows of Poverty, Chastity, and Obedience, to which you have oblig'd your self. You shall make them, I say, a-new, and offer them to God with the same serven••y, where∣with you first made them. This re∣newing of your Vows, will weaken in you the motions of Concupiscence, and render all the Powers of Hell less ca∣pable

of hurting you; for which rea∣son, I am of opinion that you ought never to omit them.

After Dinner, you shall resume your mornings Prayer, and reflect on the same Mystery, half an hour; you shall also renew your Vows, at the end of your Meditation. You are to employ your self in this manner interiourly through all the variety of your outward business; giving an hour in every day, to the consideration of the most holy life of our Lord Iesus, in whatsoever Affair, or in whatsoever Incumbrance you are ingag'd. You may practise this with most convenience, by allow∣ing half an hour in the morning, and another half in the afternoon, accord∣ing to my direction.

Before you lie down at night, exa∣mine well your Conscience, in calling over your thoughts, words, and actions of all the day; and even observing, if you have not fail'd of doing something, which it was your duty to have done; let this discussion be as exact, as if you were just ready to Confess your self. After you have conceiv'd a most lively sorrow for your faults, by the motive of God's love, you shall humbly ask Pardon of Iesus Christ, and vow amend∣ment

to him. In fine, you shall so dis∣pose your self to rest, that your sleep may come upon you, in thoughts of Piety, and in resolutions of passing the next day, with greater holiness.

On the morrow, at your waking, think on the Sins which you observ'd in the examen of the night before: and while you are putting on your Cloaths, ask the assistance of Gods Grace, that you may not that day, relapse into your yesterdays offences. Then perform your mornings Meditation, and proceed through your whole days work, as I have order'd you. •• But be so punctual, and so constant in all these spiritual pra∣ctices, that nothing but sickness cause you to forbear them. For if, when you are in health, you shou'd deferr, or leave them off, under some pretence of busi∣ness, be sure you make a scruple of it, and let not the day pass over you, till in the presence of your Brethren, you confess your fault, and of your own free motion, demand Penance, for having omitted or neglected that which was so strictly commanded by your Superi∣our.

For what remains, whatsoever you do, or in whatsoever condition of Spirit you may be, labour with all your pow∣er,

still to overcome your self. Sub∣due your Passions, embrace what is most abhorring to your sense, repress all na∣tural desire of Glory, most especially; and spare not your self in that particu∣lar, till you have torn out of your Heart, the very Roots of Pride; not only suf∣fering your self to be debas'd beneath all men, but being glad to be despis'd. For, hold this for certain, that without this Humility and Mortification, you can neither advance in Vertue, nor serve your Neighbour as you ought, nor be acceptable to God, nor, to conclude all, persevere in the Society of Iesus.

Obey in all things, the Father with whom you live; and however displea∣sing, or difficult the things may be, which he commands you, perform them with much chearfulness, never opposing his Orders, nor making any exceptions on your part, on any account whatsoever. In fine, hearken to him, and suffer your self to be directed in all things by him, as if Father Ignatius were personally pre∣sent, speaking to you, and directing you.

With whatsoever temptations you shall find your self assaulted, discover them all sincerely to him who governs you; and remain perswaded, that this

is the only means of subduing them. Besides this advantage, there accrue o∣ther spiritual pro••its, in making known the secret motions of your Heart, for the violence which you do to your self, to surmount that natural shamefac'dness which hinders you from acknowledg∣ing your Imperfections and Frailties, draws down the Grace of God upon you: And on the other side, This O∣verture, and Franckness of your Heart, ruins the designs of the evil Spirit, who can never do mischief, but when he is in disguise; but when once discover'd, is so far disarm'd, and despicably weak, that they, for whom he lies in ambush, laugh at him.

'••was in this manner, that the holy Apostle, Francis Xavier, instructed the young men of the Society, and nothing, perhaps, cou'd better explain to us, the great resemblance, that was betwixt the Souls of Xavier, and Ignatius.

At this time,* 1.93 there came news from Ia∣pan, and some Letters reported, That one of the Kings of that Island, had desir'd some Preachers to be sent to him, by an ex∣press Embassy to the Viceroy of the Indies. That this King had learnt somewhat of the Christian Law, and that a strange ac∣cident had made him desirous of knowing

more. This accident was related in those Letters, after this following manner.

Some Portuguese Merchants, being land∣ing at the Port, belonging of the Capi∣tal City, of one of those Kingdoms of Ia∣pan, were lodg'd by the King's order, in a forsaken House, which was thought to be haunted by evil Spirits; the common opinion, was not ill grounded, and the Portugueses soon perceiv'd, that their Lodging was disturb'd. They heard a horrible rumbling all the night; they felt themselves pull'd out of their Beds, and beaten in their sleep, without seeing any one. One night being awaken'd, at the cry of one of their Servants, and running with their Arms towards the place, from whence the noise was heard, they foun•• the Servant on the ground, trembling for fear. They ask'd him the occasion of his out-cry, and why he shook in that manner: He answer'd, That he had seen a frightful Apparition, such a one, as Painters use to draw for the picture of the Devil▪ As this Servant, was not thought either ••aint-hearted, or a liar, the Portugueses no longer doubted, what was the meaning of all that ratling and clutter, which they heard every night; to put an end to it, they set Crosses in all the Rooms, after which they heard no more of it.

The Iaponneses were much surpris'd, to hear the House was not at quiet: The King himself, to whom the Portugueses had said, That the Christian Cross had driven away the euil Spirits, admir'd that wonderful effect, and commanded Cros∣ses to be set up in all places, even in his own Palaces, and in the High-ways. In consequence of this, he desir'd to be in∣form'd, from whence the Cross deriv'd that Vertue? and for what cause the Devils so much fear'd it. Thus, by little and little, he enter'd into the My∣steries of Faith. But as the Iaponneses are extreamly curious, not content to be instructed by Souldiers and Merchants, he thought of sending for Preachers, and in that prospect, sent an Embassadour to the Indies.

This news gave infinite satisfaction to Father Xavier,* 1.94 and so much the more hasten'd his Voyage, by how much, he now perceiv'd the Iaponians were dispos'd to receive the Gospel. There were in the Port of Malacca, many Portuguese Vessels, in readiness to set Sail for Ia∣pan, but all of them were to make many other Voyages by the way, which was not the Saints business. His only means, was to have recourse to a Iunck of Chi∣na, (so they call those little Vessels)

which was bound directly for Iapan. The Master of the Vessel, call'd Neceda, was a famous Pirate; a Friend to the Por∣tugueses, notwithstanding the War which was newly declar'd against them; so well known by his Robberies at Sea, that his Ship was commonly call'd, The Ro∣bers Vessel. Don Pedro de Sylva, Gover∣nour of Malacca, got a promise from the Chines Captain, that he wou'd carry the Father, safely, and without injury, and took Hostages, to ingage him inviolably to keep his Faith; but what can be built on the word of a Pirate, and a wicked man?

Xavier,* 1.95 and his Companions imbark'd on the twenty fourth of Iune, in the dusk of the Evening; and set Sail the next Morning at break of day with a fa∣vourable Wind. When they were out at Sea, the Captain, and Ships Crew, who were all Idolaters, set up a Pagod on the Poop; sacrifis'd to it in spight of Xavier, and all his Remonstrances to the contrary, and consulted him by Ma∣gical Ceremonies, concerning the success of their Voyage. The answers were sometimes good, and sometimes ill: In the mean time they cast Anchor at an Isle, and there furnish'd themselves with Timber, against the furious gusts of those uncertain Seas. At the same time they

renew'd their Interrogatories to their Idol; and cast Lotts, to know whether they shou'd have good Winds. The Lotts promis'd them a good passage, whereup∣on the Pagans pursu'd their course merri∣ly. But they were no sooner got out to Sea again, when they drew Lotts the third time, to know, whether the Iunk shou'd return sa••ely from Iapan to Malac∣ca. The answer was, That they shou'd arrive happily at Iapan, but were never more to see Malacca. The Pirate▪ who was extreamly superstitious, resolv'd at the same instant, to change his Course; and in effect, tack'd about, and pass'd his time, in going to every Isle, which was in view. Father Xavier was sensibly displeas'd, that the Devil shou'd be Ma∣ster of their destiny, and that all things shou'd be order'd, according to the An∣swere of the Enemy of God and Man.

In cruising thus leisurely, they made the Coast of Cochin China; and the Tem∣pests, which ro••e at the same time, threaten'd them more than once with Shipwrack. The Idolaters had recourse to their ordinary Superstitions. The Lott declar'd, that the Wind should fall, and that there was no danger. But an impe∣tuous Gust so rais'd the Waves, that the Ma••iners were forc'd to lower their Sails,

and cast Anchor. The shog of the Ves∣sel, threw a young Chinese (whom Xa∣vier had Christen'd, and carry'd along with him) into the Sink, which was then open. They drew him out half dead, much bruis'd, and hurt in the Head very dangerously. While they were dressing him, the Captain's Daughter fell into the Sea, and was swallow'd by the Waves, notwithstanding all they cou'd do to save her.

This dismal accident, drove Neceda to despair; And it was a lamentable sight, says Xavier himself▪ in one of his Let∣ters, to behold the disorder in the Vessel. The loss of the Daughter, and the fear of Shipwrack, fill'd all with tears, and how∣lings, and confusion.

Nevertheless, the Idolaters, instead of acknowledging, that their Idol had de∣ceiv'd them with a lye, took pains to appease him, as if the death of the Chi∣nese Woman, had been an effect of their Gods displeasure. They sacri••is'd Birds to him, and burnt Incense in honour of him; after which they cast Lotts again, to know the cause of this disaster which had befaln them. They were answer▪d, That if the young Christian, who had fell into the Sink, had d••'d the Captain's Daughter had been preserv'd. Then Ne∣ceda,

transported with fury, thought to throw Xavier and his Companions over∣board. But the Storm ceasing in an in∣stant, his mind grew calmer by degrees, he weigh'd Anchor, and set Sail again, and took the way of Canton, with intention there to pass the Winter. But the Designs of Men, and Power of Devils, can do nothing against the Decrees of Providence. A contrary Wind broke all the projects of the Captain, constraining him, in his own despight, to enter with full Sails in∣to the Ocean of Iapan. And the same Wind carry'd the Iunk of the Pirate, toward Cangoxima, the birth-place of Anger, sir∣nam'd Paul de Sainte Foy, they arriv'd there on the fifteenth of August, in the year 1549.

The End of the Fourth Book.

Notes

• * 1.1

  He arrives at Malacca; and there meets three Missioners of the Company.
• * 1.2

  His condu••t with John Deyro.
• * 1.3

  Deyro has a Vision, which God reveals to Xavier.
• * 1.4

  The Actions of the Sa••nt at Malacca.
• * 1.5

  The occasion of the King of A∣chen's enter∣prise against Malacca.
• * 1.6

  The preparation of the Barbari∣••ns, for the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉〈◊〉
• * 1.7

  The Army of Achen comes bef••re Malacca, its landing, and re••••eat.
• * 1.8

  The Letter of the General of Achen, to the Governour of Malacca.
• * 1.9

  Xavier's ad∣vice to the Go∣vernour of Ma∣lacca.
• * 1.10

  They f••••l••w his C••unsel.
• * 1.11

  They prepare to Eng••ge the Enemy.
• * 1.12

  He exhorts the Souldiers, and Captains to do their duty.
• * 1.13

  The Fleet set out: and what ••appen'd at that time.
• * 1.14

  He upbraids the Governour with his dissidence.
• * 1.15

  He foretells what is sud∣denly accom∣plish'd.
• * 1.16

  The Portuguese Fleet goes in search of the Enemy.
• * 1.17

  Troubles in Ma∣lacca, concern∣ing their Fleet.
• * 1.18

  A new cause of Cons••ernation.
• * 1.19

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.20

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.21

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.22

  The Achenois defeated.
• * 1.23

  The Saint de∣clares the Vi∣ctory, to the people of Ma∣lacca.
• * 1.24

  The certain news of the Vi∣ctory is brought.
• * 1.25

  The return of the victorio••s Fleet.
• * 1.26

  Anger arrives at Malacca, when the Saint w••s re••dy•• to •• pa•••• fr••m it.
• * 1.27

  Divers adven∣tures of Anger.
• * 1.28

  Anger is brought to the Father, who sends him to 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
• * 1.29

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.30

  He writes to the King of Portugal.
• * 1.31

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.32

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.33

  He writes t•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Simon Rodrig 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
• * 1.34

  He sends an ac∣count to the Fa∣thers at Rome, of his Voyages.
• * 1.35

  He receives great comfort, from the fer∣••ency of the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Converts.
• * 1.36

  He stays at Manapar, and what he per∣form'd there.
• * 1.37

  The Rule•• which he prescribes to the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of the F••••hing Coast.
• * 1.38

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.39

  He depart•• for Go••, and ••inds the Vice••••y at Ba••ain.
• * 1.40

  He obtains whatever he demands of the Viceroy.
• * 1.41

  He converts a young Gentle∣man who was very much de∣bauch'd.
• * 1.42

  He 〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.43

  He instructs Anger a new, and causes him to be farther taught by Tor∣rez.
• * 1.44

  He hears news from ••apan, and designs a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 thither, to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Gospel.
• * 1.45

  He undertakes the Conversion of a Souldier.
• * 1.46

  He 〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.47

  He assists the Vicer••y of the Indies at his death.
• * 1.48

  He applies him∣self more than ever to the ex∣ercises of an in∣teriour Life.
• * 1.49

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.50

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.51

  He goes 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Fishing Coast, hi•• Acti••ns there.
• * 1.52

  He speaks to the Deputy G••ver∣nour of the In∣dies, concerning his Voyage to Japan.
• * 1.53

  All endea••••u••s are us'd, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 break the Fa∣ther•• intended Voyage 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Ja∣pan.
• * 1.54

  He slights the reasons alledg'd against his Voy∣age to Japan.
• * 1.55

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.56

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.57

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.58

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.59

  He recommends to him the per∣fecting of him∣self.
• * 1.60

  He charges him to instruct the Children him∣self.
• * 1.61

  He recommen••s the poor to him.
• * 1.62

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.63

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.64

  He prescribes him s••me pre∣cautions in his dealings with his Friends.
• * 1.65

  He recommends to him the pra∣ctice of the par∣ticul••r Exa∣men.
• * 1.66

  H•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 him to pre••••••, an•• giv••s him Rules for preaching.
• * 1.67

  He institutes him in the way of correcting Sinners.
• * 1.68

  He prescribes him a method, for administra∣ting the Sacrament of Penance.
• * 1.69

  He continues to instruct him, on the Sub••ect of Confession.
• * 1.70

  He instructs him how to deal with those, who want faith, con∣cerning the bles∣sed Sa••rament.
• * 1.71

  He instructs how to deal with Penitents.
• * 1.72

  He recommends to him, the obe∣dience due, to Ecclesiastical Superi••urs.
• * 1.73

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.74

  He gi••es him advice concern∣ing his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Functi∣ons.
• * 1.75

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.76

  He counsels him to inform him∣self of the man∣ner of the Town, at his arrival.
• * 1.77

  He recommends to his Prayers the S••uls in Purgatory.
• * 1.78

  He exhorts him not to shew ei∣ther sadness, or anger.
• * 1.79

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.80

  He gives him instructions, touching the conduct, of such as shall be re∣ceiv'd into the Society.
• * 1.81

  He teaches him the methods of reducing obsti∣nate Sinners.
• * 1.82

  He advises him to find out the Dispositions of the people, be∣fore he treats with them.
• * 1.83

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.84

  He gi••es him Cou••sel c••ncern∣ing Reconcilia∣tions.
• * 1.85

  He instracts him in the way of preaching well.
• * 1.86

  What he orders him concerning his subsistance, and touching Presents.
• * 1.87

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.88

  He 〈◊〉〈◊〉 f•••• Ja∣pan.
• * 1.89

  He arrives at Malacca, and what he per∣forms there.
• * 1.90

  His 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for the success of his Breth••en in their F••••••••••ions.
• * 1.91

  He receives a young Gentle∣man, into the Society.
• * 1.92

  The instructions which he gives to Bravo.
• * 1.93

  T••e n••ws which 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••a••s from Japan.
• * 1.94

  He disposes him∣self for the Voyage of Japan, more earnestly than ever.
• * 1.95

  He goes from Malacca to Ja∣pan; and wh•••••• happens to him in the way.