The life of St. Francis Xavier, of the Society of Jesus, apostle of the Indies, and of Japan written in French by Father Dominick Bohours, of the same Society ; translated into English by Mr. Dryden.

THE LIFE OF St. FRANCIS XAVIER. (Book 3)

BOOK III. (Book 3)

THE Reputation of Xavier was not confin'd to the Kingdom of Travancor: it was spread abroad through all the Indies; and the God of the Christians at the same time was had in so great venera∣tion, that the most Idolatrous Nations sent to desire the Saint, that he wou'd come and give them Baptism. His joy was infinite, to find the Gentils of their own free motion, searching after the

way of Eternal Life, but on the other side he was afflicted, that he was not sufficient alone, to instruct so many vast Countries as were gone astray from it.

Seeing the Harvest so great, and the Labourers so few,* 1.1 he wrote earnestly to Father Ignatius, in Italy, and to Simon Rodriguez in Portugal, for a supply of Missioners. He had such transports of Zeal on that occasion, as to say in one of his Letters, I have often thoughts to run over all the Vniversities of Europe, and Principally that of Paris, and to cry aloud to those who abound more in Learn∣ing than in Charity, Ah how many Souls are lost to Heaven, through your default! It were to be wish'd, that those People wou'd apply themselves as diligently to the Sal∣vation of Souls, as they do to the study of Sciences; to the end they might render to Almighty God a good account of their Lear∣ning, and the Talents which he has be∣stow'd on them: Many, without doubt, mov'd with thoughts like these, wou'd make a spi∣ritual retreat, and give themselves the lei∣sure of meditating on Heavenly things, that they might listen to the voice of God. They wou'd renounce their Passions, and tramp∣ling under foot all worldly Vanities, wou'd put themselves in condition of following the

motions of the Divine Will. They wou'd say from the bottom of their hearts, behold me in readiness, O my Lord, send me where∣soever thou shalt please, even to the Indies if thou command'st me.

Good God, how much more happily wou'd those Learned men then live, than now they do! with how much more assurance of their Salvation! and in the hour of death, when they are ready to stand forth, before the dreadful Iudgment-Seat, how much greater reason wou'd they have, to hope well of God's Eternal Mercy, because they might say, O Lord, thou hast given me five Talents, and behold I have added other five.

I take God to witness, that not being able to return into Europe, I have almost resolv'd to write to the Vniversity of Paris, and namely to our Masters. Cornet and Pi∣card, that Millions of Idolaters might be easily converted, if there were more Prea∣chers, who wou'd sincerely mind the interests of Jesus Christ, and not their own concern∣ments.

'Tis pity that his Letter to the Do∣ctours of Sorbonne,* 1.2 is irrecoverably lost, for certain it is, he wrote to them from the midst of the Indies, to engage them to come, and Preach the Gospel. And for this, we have the testimony of Don Iohn Derada, one of the chief Magistrates

of the Kingdom of Navarre, who study∣ing at Paris, saw the Letter sent from Father Xavier, admir'd the Apostolical Charity, with which it was replenish'd, and took a Copy of it, as did also many Divines, to whom it was directed.

Amongst those Idolatrous Nations, which breath'd after Baptism,* 1.3 and de∣sir'd to be instructed, the Manarois were the first, who made a deputation to the Saint.

The Isle of Manar, is scituate towards the most Northern point of Ceylan, and at the head of the Sands of Remanancor. It has a very convenient Port, and is a place of great Trafick. But the Soil is so sandy and so dry, that it produces nothing, unless in some few places, which also are cultivated with much care and labour. For Manar has no resemblance to Ceylan, though plac'd so near it: Cey∣lan being the most delicious and most fruitful part of all the East; where the Trees are always green, and bear fruits and flowers in every Season: where there are discover'd Mines of Gold and Silver, Chrystal, and Precious Stones: which is encompass'd with Forests of E∣bony, Cynamon, and Coco; and where the Inhabitants live to an extream old Age, without any of the incommodities

which attend it. The wonder is, that be∣ing distant from the Equinoetial but six degrees, the Air is temperate and pure, and the Rains which water it from Hea∣ven regularly once a Moneth, joyn'd with the Springs and Rivers, which pass through it, refresh the Ground in a great∣er measure, than the scorching heats can parch it.

Father Xavier was employ'd in esta∣blishing Christianity in Travancor,* 1.4 when he receiv'd this Embassy from Manar. As he cou'd not forsake an Infant Church, without a reasonable apprehension of its ruine, he sent to Manar, one of the Priests whom he had left on the Coast of Fishery. And God so bless'd the labours of that Missioner, that the Manarois not only be∣came Christians, but died generously for the Faith; and this was the occasion of their Martyrdom.

The Isle of Manar, was at that time under the Dominion of the King of Iafa∣natapan: for by that name the Northern part of Ceylan is call'd. This Prince, had usurp'd the Crown from his elder Brother; and enslav'd his Subjects. A∣bove all things he was an implacable Ene∣my of the Christian Faith; though in ap∣pearance he was a Friend to the Portu∣guese, whose Forces only cou'd set

Bounds to his Tyranny. When he un∣derstood that the Manarois were conver∣ted to Christianity, he enter'd into that fury, of which Tyrants only can be ca∣pable. For he commanded, that his Troops shou'd immediately pass over in∣to the Island, and put all to the Sword, excepting only the Idolaters. His Orders were punctually executed: and Men, Women and Children, were all destroy'd, who had embrac'd the Christian Faith.

It was wonderful to behold,* 1.5 that the Faithful being examin'd one by one, con∣cerning their Religion, and no more re∣quir'd for the saving of their lives, than to forsake their new Belief, there was not one amongst them, who did not openly declare himself a Christian. The Fathers and Mothers, answer'd for the newly baptis'd Infants, who were not able to give testimony of their Faith: and offer'd them to the death, with a Resolution, which was amazing to their Executioners. Six or seven hun∣dred of these Islanders gave up their lives for the name of Iesus Christ; and the principal place which was consecrated by so noble Blood, from Pasim, which it was call'd before, now took the name of the Field of Martyrs.

This dreadful Massacre, far from abo∣lishing the Christian Law, serv'd only to render it more flourishing. The Tyrant had even the shame of seeing his Officers and Domestick Servants, forsake their ancient Superstition in despight of him. But what most inrag'd him, was the Con∣version of his eldest Son. This young Prince, inspir'd of God, caus'd himself to be instructed by a Portuguese Merchant, who had dealings at the Court: which yet cou'd not be so secretly perform'd, but that the King had notice of it. At the first news, he cut his Throat, and threw the Body into the Fields, to serve for food to Salvage Beasts.

But Heaven permitted not,* 1.6 that a death which was so precious in the sight of God, shou'd be without honour, in the sight of Men. The Portuguese Mer∣chant, buried his Disciple by night; and on the next morning, there appear'd a beautiful Cross, printed on the Ground which cover'd the Body of the Martyr. The spectacle extreamly surpris'd the In∣fidels. They did what they were able, to deface, (and if I may so say) to blot out the Cross, by treading over it, and casting Earth upon it. It appear'd again the day following, in the same Figure, and they once more endeavour'd to tread

it out. But then it appear'd in the Air, all resplendent with light, and darting its Beams on every side. The Barbarians who beheld it, were affrighted; and, be∣ing touch'd in their Hearts, declar'd themselves Christians. The Kings Sister, a Princess naturally vertuous, having pri∣vately embrac'd the Faith, instructed both her own ••on, and her Nephew, who was Brother to the Martyr. But while she directed them in the way of Heaven, she took care to preserve them from the cruelty of the Tyrant. To which purpose she address'd her self to the Merchant above mention'd, and intrust∣ing him with the lives of the two Princes, order'd him to convey them to the Se∣minary of Goa.

This Portuguese manag'd all things so discreetly, with the concurrence of the Princess, that he escap'd out of the Island, with the two Princes, undiscover'd. He took his way by the Kingdom of Travan∣cor, that he might behold Father Xavier, and present to him, these two illustrious new Converts. The Father receiv'd them as Angels descended from above, and gave immortal thanks to God, for so no∣ble a Conquest. He fortify'd them in the Faith, gave them excellent instructions, and promis'd so to mediate in their fa∣vour,

with the Viceroy of the Indies, that they shou'd have no occasion of re∣penting themselves, for having abandon'd all things for the sake of Iesus Christ.

When the King of Iafanatapan, had notice of the flight of his Son and Ne∣phew, he broke out into new fury against the Christians, and put to death great numbers of them. Being apprehensive, that his Brother, from whom he had usurp'd the Crown, and who now led a wandring life, might possibly change his Religion also, and beg protection from the Portuguese; he sent Officers round a∣bout, with orders to bring him into his Hands, or at the least, to bring back his Head. But he fail'd of getting him in his power either alive or dead. For this unhappy Prince, attended by ten Hors∣men, having pass'd to Negapatan, came by Land to Goa, after having suffer'd ex∣tream hardships, in a Journey of more than two hundred Leagues.

Father Xavier,* 1.7 who was inform'd of all these proceedings, thought it necessa∣ry to make advantage of these favourable opportunities, without loss of time. He consider'd, with what perfection Chri∣stians might live in a Kingdom where they dy'd so generously for the Faith, with so imperfect a knowledge of it.

On the other side, he judg'd, that if the injustice and cruelty of the Tyrant re∣main'd unpunish'd, what an inducement it might be to other Idolatrous Kings, for them to persecute the new Converts in their turn. That the only means for repairing the past, and obviating future mischiefs, was to dispossess the Tyrant of the Crown, which he so unjustly wore, and restore it to his Brother, to whom it rightfully belong'd: That for these Consi∣derations, recourse ought to be had to the Portuguese, to ingage them by a prin∣ciple of Religion to take Arms against the Usurper of the Kingdom, and the Persecutour of the Christians.

In order to this, the Father caus'd M••nsilla to be recall'd from the Coast of Fishery, and having intrusted him with the care of Christianity in Travan∣cor, took his way by Land to Cambaya, where the Viceroy of the Indies then re∣sided.

Besides these reasons,* 1.8 relating to the King of Iafanatapan, the Saint had other Motives, which oblig'd him to take this Journey. The greatest part of the Eu∣r••peans, who were in the Indies, and chiefly the Officers of the Crown of Por∣tugal, liv'd after so infamous a manner, that they made the Christian Faith ap∣pear

odious, and scandaliz'd alike, both the Idolaters and the Faithful.

The publick Worship of the Pagods was tolerated at Goa; and the Sect of the Brachmans daily increas'd in Power; because those Pagan Priests had brib'd the Portuguese Officers. The people profess'd Heathenism freely, provided they made exact payments of their Tribute, as if they had been conquer'd only for the sake of gain. Publick Offices were sold to Saracens, and the Christian Natives stood excluded, for want of Money, which does all things with corrupt Ministers. The Receivers of the Kings Revenues▪ who were to pay the Paravas of the Coast of Fishery, constrain'd those poor Fishers to deliver their Pearls almost for nothing; and thus the exaction of a lawful Tribute in the Constitution, became Tyranny and Oppression in the managment. Men were sold like Beasts, and Christians i••∣slav'd to Pagans at cheap pennyworths. To conclude, the King of Cochin, an Ido∣later, but tributary to the Crown of Por∣tugal, was suffer'd to con••iscate the Goods of his Subjects, who had receiv'd Bap∣tism.

Father Francis was wonderfully griev'd to perceive, that the greatest hindrance to the growth of Christianity, in those

vast Dominions of Asia, proceeded only from the Christians. He bewail'd it sometimes to God, in the bitterness of his Heart, and one day said, that he wou'd willingly return to Portugal, to complain of it to the King, not doubting, but so Reli∣gious and Iust a Prince, wou'd order some remedy, for this encroaching evil, if he had notice how it spread.

Xavier had taken the way of Cochin, along by the Sea Coast.* 1.9 He arriv'd there the sixteenth of December 1544. where he happend' to meet with Michael Vaz, Vicar General of the Indies. In acquain∣ting him with the Reasons of his Jour∣ney, he made him sensible, that the weak∣ness of the Government was the princi∣pal cause of the Avarice and Violence of the Officers. That Don Alphonso de Sosa, was indeed a Religious Gentleman, but wanted Vigour; that it was not sufficient to will good Actions, if at the same time he did not strongly oppose ill ones: In a word, that it was absolutely necessary for the King of Portugal to be inform'd, of all the Disorders in the Indies, by a per∣son who was an eye witness of them, and whose Integrity was not liable to Suspi∣tion. Vaz immediately enter'd into the Opinions of the Father; and his Zeal carry'd him to pass himself into Portugal,

in a Vessel which was just ready to set Sail. Xavier prais'd God for those good intentions, and wrote a Letter by him to King Iohn the Third; the beginning of which, I have here transcrib'd.

YOur Majesty ought to be assur'd,* 1.10 and often to call into your Mind, that God has made choice of you amongst all the Princes of the World for the Conquest of India, to the end he may make trial of your Faith, and see what requital you will make to him for all his Benefits. You ought also to consider, that in conferring on you the Empire of a new World, his intention was not so much, that you shou'd fill your Coffers with the Riches of the East, as that you shou'd have an opportunity of signalizing your Zeal, by making known to Idolaters, (through the means of those who serve you,) the Creatour and Redeemer of Mankind.

The Saint, after this beginning, gave the King to understand the good intenti∣ons of Michael Vaz, and the ill conduct of the Portuguese, who were in the Go∣vernment of the Indies. He suggested to him the means of putting a stop to those disorders, and advis'd him above all things, not only to recommend by Letters, the interest of Religion, but ri∣gorously

to punish all those Officers, who were wanting to their duty in that respect. For there is danger, said he, th••t when G••d shall summon your Majesty to Iudgment, that will then come to pass, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y••u least expect; and which is not to be avoided; there is danger, Great Prince, that you may then hear these words of an ••ffended God; Why have you not punish'd t••ose, who under your Authority, have made War against me in the Indies? you who have p••••ish'd them so severely, when they were ne••ligent, in gathering your Revenues. ••••ur c••••se will be little help'd, by your return of this answer to Jesus Christ; Lord I have not wanted yearly to recom∣mend ••y Letters to my Subjects, all that c••ncerns 〈◊〉〈◊〉 honour and thy service. For, •• ubt n••••, it will be thus answer'd; But your Orders were n••ver put in Execution, and you le••t your Ministers at their own dispose, to do what ever they thought good.

I therefore beg your Majesty, by that fervent Zeal, which you have for the Glory of our Lord, and by the care which you have always testify••d, of your Eternal Sal∣vation, to send hither a vigilant and reso∣lute Minister, who will bend his Actions to nothing more, than to th•• Conversion of Souls; who may act independantly to the Officers of your Treasury; and who will not

suffer himself to be led and govern'd by the p••liticks of worldly men, whose foresight is bounded with the profit of the State. May your Majesty be pleas'd, a little to inspect your Incomes from the Indies; and after that, look over the Expences which are made for the advancement of Religion; that having weigh'd all things equally on either side, you may make a Iudgment, if that which you bestow, bears any proportion with that which you receive. And then perhaps you will find a just Subject to apprehend, that of those immmense Treasures, which the Divine Goodness has heap'd upon you, you have given to God but an inconsiderable pittance.

For what remains, let not your Majesty defer any longer the payment of so just a debt, to so bountiful a giver; nor the heal∣ing of so many publick wounds. What reme∣dy soever you can apply, what diligence so∣ever you can make, all will be too little, and of the latest. The sincere and ardent Charity of my Heart towards your Majesty, has constrain'd me to write to you in this manner; especially when my imagination represents to me, in a lively sort, the com∣plaints which the poor Indians send up to Heaven, that out of so vast a Treasure with which your Estate is inrich'd by them, you employ so little for their Spiritual necessi∣ties.

—The Letter ended in begging this favour of Almighty God, that the King in his Life time, might have those considerations, and that conduct, which he wou'd wish to have had, when he was dying.

Michael Vaz,* 1.11 negotiated so well with King Iohn the third, pursuant to the in∣structions of Father Xavier, that he ob∣tain'd another Governour of the Indies; and carried back such Orders and Provi∣sions, sign'd by his Majesties own hand, as were in a manner the same which the Father had desir'd.

These Orders contain'd, That no Tole∣ration shou'd be granted for the Supersti∣tion of the Infidels in the Isle of Goa, nor in that of Salseta. That they shou'd break in pieces all the Pagods which were there, and make search in the houses of the Gentils for conceal'd Idols; and who∣soever us'd or made them, shou'd be pu∣nish'd according to the quality of his Crime. That as many of the Brachmans as were found to oppose the publication of the Gospel, shou'd be Banish'd: That, out of a yearly Rent of three thousand Crowns, charg'd on a Mosquee at Bazain, a subsistence shou'd be made for the Poor, newly converted from Idolatry: That hereafter no publick Employment shou'd

be given to Pagans; That no exaction shou'd remain unpunish'd. That no Slaves shou'd henceforth be sold, either to Mahometans, or Gentils. That the Pearl-sishing, shou'd only be in the hands of Christians, and that nothing shou'd be taken from them, without paying them the due value. That the King of Co∣chin shou'd not be suffer'd to despoil, or oppress the Baptis'd Indians; and last of all, That if Sosa had not already re∣veng'd the Murther of the Christians in Manar, who were Massacred by the King of Iafanatapan's Command, Castro who succeeded in his place, shou'd not fail to see it done.

To return to Father Xavier, he put to Sea at Cochin,* 1.12 and sail'd towards Cam∣baya; in the Ship there was a Portuguese Gentleman, much a Libertine, and one of those declar'd Atheists, who make a boast of their impiety. This was mo∣tive enough for the Holy man to make acquaintance with him. He kept him company, and was even so complaisant as to entertain him with pleasant conver∣sation. The Portuguese was much de∣lighted with his good humour, and took pleasure in hearing him discourse on many curious Subjects. But, if Xavier offer'd to let fall a word concerning the

Salvation of his Soul, he laught it out, and wou'd hear no more. If the Father mildly reprov'd him for his profane and scandalous way of living; he flew out into a fury, against the holy practice of the Church, and swore he wou'd never more come to Confession.

These ill inclinations did not at all dis∣courage Xavier from his undertaking: He treated this harden'd Sinner after the manner that Physicians use a Patient ra∣ving in his Sickness, with all manner of compassion and soft behaviour. In the mean time they came to an Anchor, be∣fore the Port of Cananor, and going ashore together, they took a walk into a Wood of Palm-Trees, which was near their place of Landing. After they had made a turn or two, the Saint stripp'd himself to the wast, and taking a Discipline poin∣ted at the ends with wire, struck so hard and so often on his naked body, that in a very little time his back and shoulders were all bloody. 'Tis for your sake, said he to the Gentleman who accom∣panied him, that I do what you see; and all this is nothing to what I wou'd wil∣lingly suffer for you. But, added he, you have cost Christ Iesus a much dearer price: will neither his passion, his death, nor all his blood suffice to soften the

hardness of your heart? After this, ad∣dressing himself to our blessed Saviour, O Lord, said he, be pleas'd to look on thy own adorable blood, and not on that, of so vile a Sinner as my self. The Gentleman amaz'd and confounded both at once, at such an excess of charity, cast himself at the feet of Xavier, beseeching him to forbear, and promising to confess him∣self, and totally to change his former life. In effect, before they departed out of the Wood, he made a general Con∣fession to the Father, with sincere con∣trition for his Sins, and afterwards liv'd, with the exemplary behaviour and pra∣ctice of a good Christian.

Being return'd to the Port, they went again on Shipboard;* 1.13 and continu'd their voyage to Cambaya. When they were arriv'd at that place, Xavier went to wait on the Viceroy, and easily per∣swaded him to what he desir'd, in refe∣rence to Iafanatapan: For besides that Sosa repos••d an entire confidence in Fa∣ther Xavier, and was himself zealous for the faith, the Expedition which was pro∣pos'd to him, was the most glorious that the Portu••uese cou'd undertake; since the consequence of it was to punish a Ty∣rant, to dispossess an Usurper, and to re∣store a lawful King.

The Viceroy therefore wrote Letters, and dispatch'd Couriers, to the Captains of Comorine, and of the Fishery, com∣manding them to assemble all the Forces they cou'd make, at Negapatan, and make a sudden irruption into the Tyrant's Country, without giving him time to provide for his defence. He gave them also in charge, to take the Tyrant alive, if possibly they cou'd; and put him into the hands of Father Francis, who desir'd his Conversion, not his death; and hop'd the blood of the Martyrs of Manar, might obtain the forgiveness of his Crimes.

Xavier,* 1.14 encourag'd by these hopes, return'd towards Cochin, where he pro∣pos'd to himself to follow his Ministerial vocation, while the preparations of War were making. Coming back by Cananor, he lodg'd in the house of a Christian, who himself was religious, but his Son debauch'd, and subject to all sorts of vices. The good man sensibly afflicted at the ill conduct of his graceless Son, wept day and night; and Xavier began at first to comfort him, saying those vi∣ces were ordinary in youth; and riper age wou'd reclaim him from them. Ha∣ving done speaking, he stood mute a while, and recollected himself; then

suddenly lifting up his eyes to Heaven, Know, said he, that you are the most happy Father in the world: this Libertine Son, who has given you so many disquiets, shall one day change his manners: He shall be a Religious of the Order of St. Francis, and at last shall dye a Martyr. The e∣vent verify'd the Prediction; the young man, afterwards took the Habit of St. Francis, and went to Preach the Faith in the Kingdom of* 1.15 Candè, where he receiv'd Martyrdom from the Barba∣rians.

Father Xavier being come back to Cochin, was very kindly receiv'd by the Secretary of State, Cosmo Annez, his in∣timate friend, who was there, on some important business. Being one day to∣gether, and talking familiarly, Xavier ask'd Annez, if the year had been good for the Portugal Merchants? Annez an∣swer'd him, that it cou'd not have been better: that not long since, seven Ves∣sels had been sent off, which were now in their passage to Europe, and richly laden. He added, that himself had sent the King of Portugal a rare Diamond, which had cost six thousand Ducats at Goa, and wou'd be worth more than thirty thousand at Lisbonne. Xavier had a farther curiosity to enquire, which

of the Ships had carried the Diamond, and Annez told him, it was the Ship call'd the Atoghia, and that he had in∣trusted the Jewel to Iohn Norogna, who was Captain of the Ship.

Xavier then enter'd into a profound meditation, and after he had kept silence for some time, all on the sudden, thus reply'd, I cou'd have wish'd that a Dia∣mond of so great value had not been intrusted to that Ship. And for what reason answer'd Annez? is it not because the Atoghia, has once formerly sprung a Leak? but, Father, she is now so well refitted, that she may be taken for a new Vessel. The Saint explain'd himself no father; and Annez, upon a second consideration, began to conjecture, both from the Father's words, and afterwards from his silence, that there was some danger in the matter, whereupon he de∣sir'd him, to recommend that Ship to the protection of Almighty God; for in conclusion, said he, the Atoghia cannot be lost without a very considerable dam∣mage to me. I have had no order, said he, to buy that Diamond, so that in case it shou'd miscarry, the loss will be wholly mine.

Sitting one day together at the Ta∣ble, and Xavier observing Annez to be

in great concernment, give thanks to God, said he, your Diamond is safe, and at this very time, in the hands of the Queen of Portugal. Annez believ'd Xa∣vier on his word; and understood after∣wards, by Letters from Norogna, that the Ship open'd in the midst of her Voy∣age, and let in so much water, that be∣ing upon the point of sinking, the Ma∣riners had resolv'd to have forsaken her, and thrown themselves into the Sea, but after having cut down the main Mast, they chang'd their thoughts without any apparent reason; that the Leak stop'd of it self, and the Ship pursuing her Course, with only two Sails, arriv'd safe∣ly in the Port of Lisbonne.

The Man of God,* 1.16 remain'd about three months in Cochin, and towards the end of May, set sail for Negapatan, where the Portuguese Fleet, was now in a rea∣diness, passing by the Isle of de las Vac∣cas, which is near the Flatts of Ceylan, towards the North, he rais'd to Life, a Saracens Child, which is all that is known of that Miracle. He was desirous in his passage to see the Isle of Manar, where so many Christians had been Massacred for the Faith, and going ashore, he often kiss'd the ground, which had been sprinkled with the blood of Martyrs at

Pasim. While he rejoyc'd at the happy destiny of the dead, he had cause to be afflicted, for the misfortune of the li∣ving: a contagious Disease, laid wast the Island; and there died an hundred every day.

When the Manar••is had notice, that the great Father, so famous in the In∣dies was at Pasim, they assembled to∣gether, above three thousand of them, for the most part Gentils, and being come to the Village, besought him hum∣bly to deliver them from the Pestilence.

Xavier ask'd three days,* 1.17 wherein to implore of God, for that which they had beg'd from him. During all which time, he only offer'd up to our Lord, and set before him the merits of those blessed Martyrs, who had suffer'd for his name at Pasim. Before those days were ended, his Prayers were heard, the Plague ceas'd; and all the Sick were restor'd to health at the same moment▪ So vi∣sible a Miracle wrought on all of them to believe in Iesus Christ; and the Apostle Baptiz'd them with his own hand. He cou'd make no longer stay with them; for the Naval Army then expected him, and his presence was necessary to encou∣rage the Souldiers, and mind the Captains of the performance of their duty.

He pass'd over from Manar,* 1.18 to Nega∣patan; but there he found all things in a far different condition, from what he hop'd. The Portuguese Navy diminish'd daily; and the Commanders who at the beginning, had been so zealous for the Holy War, were now the first to con∣demn it. It was in vain for him, to set before their eyes the honour of their Na∣tion, and that of God: Interest did so blind their Understanding, that they for∣got they were either Portugueses or Chr••∣stians: behold in short, what overthrew so glorious an expedition.

While they were equipping the Fleet, it happen'd that a Portuguese Vessel, co∣ming from the Kingdom of Pegu, and laden with Rich Merchandise, was dri∣ven by Tempest upon the Coast of Ia∣fanatapan. The King made seizure of it, and possess'd himself of all within it, ac∣cording to the custom of the Barbarians. The Captain, and the Ships Company foreseeing, that if in this conjucture, War shou'd be made against the Heathen Prince, they shou'd never be able to re∣trieve their wealth out of his hands, cor∣rupted the Officers of the Fleet with large Presents, to desist from their underta∣king. Thus, the Tyrant, whom Father Xavier design'd to drive out from his

ill-gotten Kingdom, was maintain'd in it, by the covetousness of Christians; or or rather by the secret decrees of Provi∣dence, which sometimes permits the Persecutors of the Church, to reign in peace, to the end a tryal may be made, of such, as dare to continue constant in their Faith.

As holy men resign their Will, to that of God, Xavier wholly abandon'd the Enterprize of Iafanatapan; and thought only of returning to the Kingdom of Travancor. Being now on Sea, he cast back his eyes on the Isle of Ceylan, which he saw from far; and cry'd out, lamen∣ting for it, Ah! unhappy Island, with how many Carcasses do I behold thee cover'd? and what Rivers of blood, are making in∣undations on all sides of thee? These words were Prophetical of what happen'd af∣terwards, when Don Constantine de Bra∣ganza, at one time, and Don Hurtado de Mendoça at another, destroy'd all those Islanders with the Sword, and the King of Iafanatapan, being himself taken, together with his eldest Son, was put to death in his own Pallace: As if the Di∣vine Justice had not deferr'd the death of this Persecutor, but only to render it more terrible, and more memorable.

Father Xavier was very desirous of returning to Travancor;* 1.19 but the Winds blew so contrary, that they always drove him from the Coast. By this he judg'd that God had call'd him to some other place; and thereupon form'd a resolution of carrying the light of the Gospel, from Isle to Isle, and from King∣dom to Kingdom, even to the utmost limits of the East. The news he heard, during his Navigation, caus'd him sud∣denly to cast his thoughts on an Island situate under the Equinoctial, betwixt the Molucca's and Borneo, stretch'd in length two hundred Leagues from North to South, and divided into sundry King∣doms, call'd by the Geographers Celebes, by the Historians Macassar; from the names of the two Capital Cities, of the two Principal Kingdoms, as to the rest, well peopled, and abounding in all sorts of Riches.

It was related to him, that about the year 1531, two Brothers, both Idolaters, as were all the Inhabitants of Macassar, going on their private business to Ter∣nate, the chief of the Molucca's, had some conference, relating to Religion, with the Governour Antonio Galvan a Portu∣guese, one of the most famous Warriours of his age; and celebrated in History,

both for his Piety and Valour. That ha∣ving learnt from him, the Vanity of their Idols, they embrac'd the Christian Faith, and at their Baptism took the names of Antonio and Michael. That being re∣turn'd into their Country, they them∣s••lves taught publickly the Faith of Ie∣sus Christ: That all their Countrey-men with one accord, sent their Embassadours to the Governour of Ternate, desiring him to send them some to instruct them in the Principles of Faith: and that the Heads of this Embassy were the two Bro∣thers, known to Galvan: that these Em∣bassadours found a very kind reception; and that for want of a Priest, Galvan gave them a Souldier for their Teacher, whose name was Francis de Castro; a Man knowing in Religion, and of exem∣plary Piety. In conclusion, that Castro, who was thus chosen to instruct that people, imbarking for Macassar, was driven by a Tempest another way.

Besides this, Xavier was likewise in∣form'd, that not long before, a Portuguese Merchant, call'd Antonio Payva, going to Macassar in the name of R••ys Vaz Perey∣ra Captain of Malacca, for a Ships lading of Sandal, a pretious Wood, growing in that Island, the King of Supa, which is one of the Kingdoms of Macassar, came

in person to see him, and ask'd divers questions relating to the Christian Faith: that this honest Merchant, better ac∣quainted with his Traffick, than his Rel••∣gion, yet answer'd very pertinently, and discours'd of the Mysteries of Faith, after so reasonable a manner, that the King, then threescore years of age, was converted, with all his Family and Court. That another King of the same Island, call'd, the King of Sion, follow'd his Ex∣ample; and that these two Princes, who were solemnly baptis'd by the hand of Payva, not being able to retain him with them, desir'd him to send them some Priests, who might administer the Sacra∣ments, and baptise their Subjects.

These pious inclinations, appear'd to Father Xavier, as an excellent ground-work for the planting of the Gospel. He wept for joy at the happy news; and a∣dor'd the profound judgments of the Di∣vine Providence, which after having re∣fus'd the Grace of Baptism to the King of Travancor, when all his Subjects had re∣ceiv'd it, began the Conversion of Sion and of Supa, by that of their Sovereigns. He even believ'd, that his Evangelical Ministry, exacted from him, to put the last hand to the Conversion of those King∣doms.

In the mean time,* 1.20 he thought it his duty, that before he resolv'd on the Voy∣age of Macassar, he shou'd ask advice from Heaven concerning it; and to per∣form it as he ought, it came into his mind to implore the enlightnings of Gods Spirit at the Sepulchre of St. Thomas, the ancient Founder, and first Father of Christianity in the Indies, whom he had taken for his Patron and his guide, in the course of all his Travels.* 1.21 He therefore resolv'd to go in Pilgrimage to Meliapor, which is distant but fifty Leagues from Negatapan, where the Wind had driven him back. And imbarking in the Ship of Michael Pereyra, on Palm-Sunday, which fell that year 1545, on the 29th of March, they shap'd their Course along the Coasts of Coromandel, having at first a favourable Wind, but they had not made above twelve or thirteen Leagues, when the Weather chang'd on a sudden, and the Sea became so rough, that they were ••orc'd to make to Land, and cast Anchor under covert of a Mountain, to put their Ship into some reasonable secu∣rity. They lay there for seven days to∣gether, in expectation of a better Wind; and all that time the holy Man pass'd in Contemplation, without taking any nourishment, either of Meat or Drink,

as they observ'd who were in the Vessel with him, and as Iames Madeira, who was a Witness of it, has depos'd in form of Law. He only drank on Easter-Eve, and that at the request of the said Ma∣deira, a little Water, in which an Onyon had been boil'd, according to his own direction. On that very day, the Wind came about into a favourable quarter, and the Sea grew calm, so that they weigh'd Anchor, and continued their Voyage.

But Xavier, to whom God daily im∣parted more and more of the Spirit of Prophecy, foreseeing a furious Tempest, which was conceal'd under that fallacious Calm, ask'd the Pilot, If his Ship were strong enough to endure the violence of bad Wea∣ther, and ride out a Storm? The Pilot con∣fess'd she was not, as being an old crazy Vessel. Then, said Xavier, it were good to carry her back into the Port. How, Fa∣ther Francis, said the Pilot, are you fear∣ful with so fair a Wind? You may assure your self, of good Weather by all manner of signs, and any little Bark may be in safe∣ty. 'Twas in vain for the Saint to press him farther, not to believe those de∣ceitful appearances; neither wou'd the Passengers follow his advice, but they soon repented of their neglect. For, far they had not gone, when a dreadful

Wind arose, the Sea was on a Foam, and mounted into Billows. The Ship was not able to withstand the Tempest, and was often in danger of sinking, and the Mariners were constrain'd to make towards the Port of Negapatan, from whence they set out, which with much ado they at length recover'd.

The impatience of Father Xavier, to visit the Tomb of the Apostle St. Thomas caus'd him to make his Pilgrimage by Land; and he travell'd with so much ar∣dour, through the rough and uncouth ways, that in few days he arriv'd at Me∣liapor.

That City is now commonly known by the name of St. Thomas;* 1.22 because that bless'd Apostle liv'd so long in it, and there suffer'd Martyrdom. If we will give credit to the Inhabitants, it was once almost swallow'd by the Sea; and for proof of this Tradition, there are yet to be seen under Water, the Ruines of great Buildings. The new Town of Me∣liapor was built by the Portuguese; near the Walls there is a Hill, which they call'd the little Mount, and in it a Grott, wherein they say St. Thomas hid himself, during the Persecution. At the entry of this Cave, there is a Cross, cut in the Rock, and at the foot of the Mountain,

there arises a Spring, the Waters of which are of such vertue, that sick peo∣ple drinking of them, are ordinarily cur'd.

From this small ascent, you pass to a higher, and much larger Mountain; which seems form'd by nature, for a lonely, con∣templative life. For on one side, it looks upon the Sea, and on the other is cover'd with old Trees, always green, which at once make a fruitful and a pleasing Ob∣ject. Hither St. Thomas retir'd, to pray with his Disciples; and here it was also that he was slain by a Brachman with the thrust of a Spear.

The Portuguese, who rebuilt Meliapor, found on the top of the Mountain, a lit∣tle Chappel, of Stone-work, all in Ruins. They were desirous to repair it, in me∣mory of the holy Apostle, and as they were rummaging all about, even to the Foundations of it, they drew out a white Marble, whereon was a Cross, with Cha∣racters grav'd round about it, which de∣clar'd, That God was born of the Virgin Mary, that this God was Eternal, that the same God taught his Law to his twelve Apo∣stles, and that one of them came to Melia∣por, with a Palmers Staff in his hand; that he built a Church there; that the Kings of Malabar, Coromandel and Pandi, with many

other Nations, submitted themselves to the Law, preach'd by St. Thomas, a man holy and penitent.

This Marble of which we make men∣tion, having on it divers stains of Blood, the common Opinon is, that the Apo∣stle suffer'd Martyrdom upon it. How∣soever it be, the Marble was plac'd upon the Altar, when the Chappel was rebuilt, and the first time, that a solemn Mass was said there, the Cross distill'd some drops of Blood, in the sight of all the people: which also happen'd many times in the following years, on the day where∣on his Martyrdom is clebrated.

When Xavier was come into the Town, the Vicar of Meliapor, who had heard speak of him as a Successour of the Apostles, and a Man sent from God, for the Conversion of the Indies, came to offer him a Lodging in his House: The Father accepted of it, because it was ad∣joining to the Church, wherein were kept the Relicks of St. Thomas; and that he cou'd easily step from thence by night, to consult the Will of God, concerning his intended Voyage to Macassar.

In effect,* 1.23 as soon as the Vicar was laid to Sleep, for they were lodg'd in the same Chamber, Xavier rose as softly as he cou'd, and went to the Church,

through a Church-yard which parted it from the House. The Vicar perceiv'd it, and advertis'd Xavier, that this passage was not over-safe by night; and that hor∣rible Phantomes, had been often seen in it. The Saint believ'd this only said to frighten him, and hinder him from ri∣sing before day; so, he continued his usual Prayers; but it was not long, be∣fore he found, that the advice was true. For the nights ensuing, as he pass'd through the Church-yard, he saw those dreadful Specters, which endeavour'd to have stop'd him; yet he sav'd himself from them, and even laught at them as vain Illusions.

The Demons are too proud, to bear contempt, without revenge, when God permits them. One night, when the Saint was at his Devotions before the I∣mage of the bless'd Virgin, they assaulted him in great numbers, and beat him so violently, that he was all over bruis'd, and forc'd to keep his Bed, for some days together. He said nothing of his adven∣ture to the Vicar; but it was discover'd by a young Man of Malabar, who lodg'd with the Church, and was awaken'd with the noise: rising from his Bed, he heard the Blows, distinctly, and what Fa∣ther Xavier said to the holy Virgin, in∣voking

her assistance against the Infernal Powers: Insomuch, that the Vicar, to whom the young Man had related the words which he had heard, sometimes repeated them to Xavier, with an inof∣fensive kind of Railery.

The Servant of God having recover'd some little strength, return'd to the Church, and there continued all the night. What rage soever the Devils had against him, they durst no more attempt his person, nor so much as endeavour to affright him. They only made a noise, to distract him in his Prayers; and one time, disguis'd in the Habit of Canons, they counterfeited so well the mid-night Matins, that he ask'd the Vicar, Who were those Cha••ters who sung so admira∣bly?

But the favours which Xavier receiv'd from Heaven,* 1.24 made him large amends, for all the injuries of Hell. For though the particulars of what pass'd betwixt God and him were kept secret, 'tis known at least, in regard of the principal affair, for which he consulted God, that he had an Interiour Light, which gave him clearly to understand, that he was com∣manded to pass to the more Southern Islands, and to labour in their Conversi∣on. The Christian strength with which

he found himself animated at the same time, caus'd all the dangers, which na∣turally he might apprehend, to disappear; as is manifest by what he wrote from Meliapor, on that occasion, to two of his Friends at Goa, Paul de Camerin and, Iames Borba, of whom we have made so frequent mention.

I Hope that God will conferr many fa∣vours on me, in this Voyage; since through his infinite mercy, I have learnt, with so much spiritual joy, that it is his holy pleasure, I shou'd go to those King∣doms of Macassar, where so many Christi∣ans have been made in these latter years. For what remains, I am so much resolv'd on executing, what our Lord has reveal'd to me, that if I should be wanting on my part, I shou'd go, to my thinking, in direct opposition to his Orders, and render my self unworthy of his Favour, both in this life and in the next. If I cannot find this year any Portuguese Vessel, bound for Malacca, I will ••mbark my self on any Ship, belonging to the Gentils or the Sara∣cens. I rep••se, withal, so great a confi∣dence in God, for the love of whom I un∣dertake this Voyage, that if there shou'd only pass this way, some little Bark of Ma∣lacca, I shou'd go aboard, without the least

deliberation. All my hope is in God, and I conjure you by his Love, to remember al∣ways in your Prayers, so great a sinner as my self.

Though his intentions in coming to* 1.25 Meliapor were only to receive the in∣structions of Heaven in his solitude, yet he employ'd some part of his time, in the good of others. His holy Life gave a lustre and value to his Discourse, and the sight of him alone, was of efficacy to touch the Heart. The people had re∣ceiv'd it as a Maxim, That whoever fol∣low'd not the Counsel of Father Francis, shou'd dye an Enemy of God. And they related the unhappy end of some sinners, who being urg'd by Xavier, to make a speedy Repentance, had deserr'd the work of their Conversion. This popu∣lar Opinion contributed much, to the change of Manners in the Town; and the fear of a disastrous death, serv'd fre∣quently to break off in one moment the criminal commerce of many years.

There was in Meliapor, a Portuguese Gentlemen,* 1.26 who liv'd a debauch'd, and scandalous life. His House was a Se∣raglio, in little: and the greatest part of his business was making a Collection of beautiful Slaves. Xavier went one day

to visit him about Dinner time: Are you willing, said the Father, that we shou'd begin an acquaintance by dining together? The Portuguese was somewhat discom∣pos'd, both at the Visit and the Compli∣ment: yet he forc'd himself into good humour, and made shew of being very glad of the honour which the Father had done him. While they were at Table, Xa∣vier spoke not one word to him, concern∣ing his debauchery, and only entertain'd him with ordinary talk: though they had been serv'd by young Damsels, whose Habit was not over modest, and whose Air was very impudent. He con∣tinu'd in the same way he had began, after they were risen from Dinner, and in conclusion, took his leave, without ma∣king him the least reproach.

The Gentleman, surpris'd at the con∣duct of Father Francis, believ'd his silence to be a bad omen to him; and that he had nothing else to expect, but an unhap∣py Death, and a more unhappy Eternity. In this thought he went with all dili∣gence to find the Father, and falling down before him, Tour silence (said he) has spoken pow'rfully to my Heart: I have not enjoy'd one moment of repose, since you parted from me: Ah, Father, if my ever∣lasting. Damnation be not already sfix'd, I

put my self into your hands, do with me what you shall judge necessary for the Sal∣vation of my Soul, behold me ready to pay you a blind obedience.

Xavier embrac'd him, and after he had given him to understand, that the mercies of the Lord are infinite, that it is our duty never to despair, that he who sometimes refuses to Sinners the hour of repentance, always grants par∣don to the Penitent; he caus'd him to put away those occasions of his sin, and dispos'd him to a general Confession, the fruit of which, was a chast and Christian Life.

In short, the Father did what he cou'd desire to be done at Meliapore; and Wit∣nesses of known Integrity have depos'd on Oath, that he left the Town so different from what it was, at his coming thither, that it was hardly to be known, for the same place: which also gave him so en∣tire a satisfaction, that giving it a thou∣sand Benedictions, he said that there was not in all the Indies, a more Christian Town. And at the same time he Pro∣phecy'd, that one day it shou'd be∣come flourishing and wealthy; which Prediction was accomplish'd some few years afterward.

Though all these Conversions,* 1.27 drew the publick veneration on Father Fran∣cis, it seem'd that God took pleasure in making the name of his Servant yet more illustrious, by certain wonderful e∣vents. A Merchant of Meliapore, being just ready to imbark for Malacca, went to take his leave of him. In receiving his blessing, he beg'd of him some lit∣tle token of his friendship. The Father who was very poor, cou'd find nothing to give him, but the Chaplet which was hanging at his neck: This Chaplet,* 1.28 said he to the Merchant, shall not be unpro∣fitable to you, provided you repose your trust in the Virgin Mary. The Mer∣chant went away, in full assurance of the Divine Protection, and without fear of Pyrates, Winds, or Rocks: but God wou'd make a tryal of his Faith. He had already almost cross'd, without the least hazard, the great Gulph, which is betwixt Meliapore and Malacca, when suddenly there blew a furious Storm, the Sails were torn, the Rudder broken, and the Mast came by the Boord; and the Vessel, afterwards being driven against the Rocks, was split: The greatest part of the Seamen and Passengers were drown'd; some of them held upon the Rocks, where they were cast away; and

the Merchant himself was of that num∣ber. But, being upon the wide Sea, and not having wherewithal to supply Na∣ture, to avoid dying by hunger, they took a resolution, which only despair cou'd have inspir'd: having gather'd up some floating Planks of their wreck'd Vessel, and joyning them together the best they cou'd, they put themselves up∣on th••m, and abandon'd their safety to the mercy of the Waves, without other hope, than of lighting on some cur∣rent, which might possibly carry them on shore.

The Merchant full of confidence in the Blessed Virgin, had still preserv'd the Chaplet of Xavier, and fear'd not drown∣ing, while he held it in his hand. The float of Planks was hardly adrift upon the waves, when he found he was tran∣sported out of himself, and believ'd he was at Meliapore with Father Francis. Returning from his extasie, he was strangely surpriz'd, to find himself on an unknown Coast, and not to see about him the Companions of his Fortunes, nor the Planks to which he had intrusted his Life. He understood from some Peo∣ple, who casually came that way, that it was the Coast of Negapatan, and, in a transport mix'd with joy and amaze∣ment,

he told them, in how miraculous a manner, God had deliver'd him from death.

Another Portuguese, by profession a Souldier, call'd Ierome Fernandez de Men∣doza, receiv'd a considerable assistance from Xavier, in a different manner, but full as marvelous. Fernandez, having put off, from the Coast of Cormandel, in a Ship belonging to him, wherein was all his wealth, to go to another Coast more westward, was taken near the Cape of Comorin, by the Malabar Pyrates, e∣qually covetous and cruel. To save his life, in losing his goods, he threw him∣self into the Sea, and was happy enough, in spight of his ill fortune, to swim to land, on the Coast of Meliapore. Meet∣ing there Father Francis, he related his misfortune to him, and beg'd an Alms. The Father was almost sorry, at that time for his being so poor himself, that he had not wherewithal to relieve the miserable man, yet he put his hand into his Pocket, as if he were searching there for something, but finding nothing, he lifted up his eyes to Heaven, and after∣wards turning to Fernandez, with looks full of compassion, have courage, Bro∣the••, said he to him, Heaven will pro∣vide for you. After which, walking for∣ward

four or five paces, he once more put his hands into his Pockets, and pull'd out fifty pieces of Gold, receive added he, what Heaven sends you: Make use of it, but speak not of it: The surprize and joy of Fernandez were so great, that it was impossible for him to keep silence. He publish'd in all places, the bounty of his Benefactour; and the pieces of Gold were found to be so pure and fine, that it was not doubted but they were miraculous.

But perhaps nothing is more admira∣ble,* 1.29 than what pass'd betwixt the Fa∣ther, and Iohn Duro, or Deyro, as some have call'd him. He was a man, of a∣bout five and thirty years of age, who had formerly born arms; afterwards be∣came a Merchant, and owner of a Ship, very wealthy, and fortunate in all his traffick: all which notwithstanding, he was ill satisfi'd with the world, uneasie to himself, unquiet in the midst of all his wealth, and perswaded that God a∣lone cou'd content his Soul. He went one day to see the Holy man, and told him, that for many years he had a de∣sire of changing his condition; and of serving God as perfectly as he was able, but, that two reasons had always hin∣der'd him: the one was, that he never

yet, cou'd meet with any person, who was capable of shewing him the way of perfection; the other was, that he was affraid of falling into Poverty. He ad∣ded, that he was now out of pain con∣cerning those two points. That for the first, he hop'd he shou'd walk surely in the way of Heaven, having so able a guide as he; and for the second, he had got sufficiently, for his maintenance in an honest and comfortable way, du∣ring the remainder of his life. He beg'd leave of Father Xavier, that he might follow him, and promis'd on all occasi∣ons to defray his charges.

The Father made Deyro understand, how far he was yet from the Kingdom of Heaven; that to arrive at perfection, he must perform what our Saviour coun∣sel'd the young man, who seem'd wil∣ling to follow him, that is to say, he must practise these words in the litteral sence, sell all thou hast, and give it to the Poor. Deyro, thus undeceiv'd, immedi∣ately desir'd the Father to take all his goods, and distribute them amongst the Poor; but the Father, wou'd neither do what Deyro had propos'd to him, nor permit that he shou'd himself dispose of any thing, before he had made Confes∣sion to him. Foreseeing, without doubt,

that being so Rich, he shou'd be oblig'd to make restitution of some part of that which he had gain'd.

The Confession of the Merchant, was three days in making: after which, ha∣ving sold his Ship, and his Merchandise, he restor'd what he had got unjustly, and gave great Alms. And in consequence of this, under the direction of the Saint, he gave himself to the exercises of Piety and Penitence, thereby to lay a solid Foundation of that perfection, to which he aspir'd.

But these fair beginnings,* 1.30 were not attended with any answerable fruit, and that Spirit of Retirement, of Mortifica∣tion, and of Poverty, was soon extin∣guish'd in a man accustom'd to the tur∣moyls of the world, who had always liv'd in plenty, and who passionately lov'd his profit. He return'd to the thoughts of his former condition, and having recover'd some jewels, and bought a small Vessel in secret, he set himself to follow his former way of living.

When he was just on the point of set∣ting Sail, a Catechist, call'd Antonio, came and told him, that Father Xavier desir'd to speak with him. Deyro, who thought of nothing more, than of ma∣king his escape, and who had not in∣trusted

his design to the knowledge of any person, made as if he took him for another. But Antonio persisting in it, that it was himself, whom the Father meant, he durst not dissemble any lon∣ger, and went to find him, resolv'd how∣ever of denying all, as thinking the Fa∣ther at most cou'd have but a bare su∣spition of his change, and intended flight. He therefore assum'd an air of Confi∣dence, and presented himself boldly be∣fore the Saint, but God had given him knowledge of Deyro's intentions. You have sin'd, said Xavier, as soon as he beheld him, you have sin'd. These few words so deeply struck him, that he threw himself at the feet of the Father, all trembling, and crying out, 'Tis true, my Father, I have sin'd; Penitence then, my Son, reply'd the Father, Penitence! Deyro confess'd himself immediately, went to sell off his Ship, and distribu∣ted all the money to the Poor; He re∣turn'd afterwards, and put himself once more under the conduct of the Father, with a firm resolution of following his counsels more sincerely, and of serving God more faithfully.

How un••eign'd soever the repentance of Deyro seem'd, Xavier had no confi∣dence in it; and these new fervours were

suspected by him. He would not re∣ceive him into the Company of Iesus, which requires solid Spirits, and such as are firm to their Vocation.

Yet he refus'd not to admit him for his Companion, in quality of a Cate∣chist, and carried him with him to Ma∣lacca: for having continu'd four Months at M••liapore, he parted thence in Sep∣tember 1545, notwithstanding the tears of the people, who were desirous of re∣taining him; and held the course of Ma∣lacca, designing from thence to pass to Macassar.

Before he went on Board he wrote to Father Paul de Camerine at Goa, that when the Fathers of the Society, who were daily expected from Portugal, shou'd arrive, two of those new Missioners shou'd accompany the Princes of Iafanatapan, whensoever the Portuguese shou'd think ••it to re-establish the lawful King. For there was a report, that the expedition shou'd be renew'd, which a base interest had set aside. But this Project was not put in execution; and both the Princes died one after the other, in less than two years after their Conversion, which was only profitable to their Souls.

While the Ship that carried Xavier was crossing the Gulph of Ceylan,* 1.31 an oc∣casion of Charity was offer'd to the Saint, which he wou'd not suffer to e∣scape. The Mariners and Souldiers pass'd their time, according to their custome, in playing at Cards. Two Souldiers set themselves to it, more out of ava∣rice than pleasure, and one of them plaid with such ill fortune, that he lost not only all his own money, but the stock which others had put into his hands to traffick for them. Having no∣thing more to lose, he withdrew, cur∣sing his luck, and blaspheming God. His despair prevail'd so far over him, that he had thrown himself into the Sea, or run upon the point of his Sword, if he had not been prevented. Xavier had notice of these his mad intentions, and execrable behaviour, and immedi∣ately came to his relief. He embrac'd him tenderly, and said all he cou'd to comfort him: But the Souldier who was still in the transports of his fury, thrust him away, and forbore not even ill Language to him. Xavier stood recol∣lected for some time, imploring God's assistance and counsel; then went and borrow'd fifty Royals of a Passenger, brought them to the Souldier, and ad∣vis'd

him once more to try his fortune. At this the Souldier took heart, and play'd so luckily, that he recover'd all his losses with great advantage. The Saint, who look'd on, took out of the overplus of the winnings, what he had borrow'd for him; and seeing the Game∣ster, now return'd to a calm temper, wrought upon him so successfully, that he, who before refus'd to hear him, was now overpowr'd by his discourse, never after handled Cards, and became exem∣plary in his Life.

They arriv'd at Malacca,* 1.32 the 25th. of September. As this is one of those pla∣ces in the Indies, where the Saint, whose Life I write, had most business, and whi∣ther he made many Voyages, it vvill not be unprofitable to say somewhat of it. 'Tis s••i••uate beyond the Gulph of Bengale, towards the head of that great Peninsula, vvhich from the mouth of the Ara, is extended to the South, al∣most to the Equinoctial Line; and is of two Degrees and a half of Elevation, o∣ver against the Island of Sumatra, which the Ancients, who had not frequented this Channel, believ'd to be joyn'd to the Continent.

Malacca was under the Dominion of the Kings of Siam, 'till the Saracens, who

Traded ••hither, becoming powerful, first made it Mahometan, then caus'd it to revolt against the lawful Prince, and set up a Monarch of their own Sect, call'd Mahomet. There was not at that time, any more famous Mart Town than this, and where there was a greater con∣course of different Nations. For, besides the People of Guzuratte, Aracan, Mala∣bar, Pegu, Sumatra, Iava, and the Mo∣lucca's, the Arabs, the Persians, the Chi∣nese, and the Iaponians, traffick'd there: and accordingly the Town lay extended all along by the Sea side, for the con∣venience of Trade.

Amongst all the Nations of Asia there is not any, more inclin'd to pleasure; and this seems chiefly to proceed, from the mild temper of the air. For there is an eternal Spring, notwithstanding the neighbourhood of the Line. The In∣habitants follow the natural bent of their complexion; their whole business is Perfumes, Feasts, and Musique; to say nothing of Carnal Pleasures, to which they set no bound. Even the Language, which they speak, participates of the softness of the Country. 'Tis call'd the Malaya Tongue, and of all the Orient, 'tis the most delicate, and sweet of Pro∣nunciation.

D••n Alphonso Albuquerque, conquer'd Malacca, in the year 1511, and thirty thousand men, with eight thousand pie∣ces of Artillery, and an infinite number of Elephants and Ships were not able to defend it. It was taken by force, at the second Assault, by eight hundred brave Portugueses, seconded by some few Malabars. It was given up to pillage, for three days, and the Moor King, after all his endeavours, was forc'd to fly with only fifty Horsemen to attend him. The Portugueses built a Cittadel, which the succeeding Governours took care to for∣tifie: yet not so strongly, as to be proof against the attempts of the Barbarians; who many times attacq'd it, and half ruin'd it.

As soon as Xavier came on shore, he went to visit the Governour of the Town, to inform him of his intended Voyage to Macassar. The Governour told him, that he had lately sent thither a Priest, of holy life, with some Portuguese Soul∣diers; and that he expected to hear of them very suddenly. That in the mean time he was of opinion, that the Father and his Companion, shou'd stay at Malacca, till the present condition of the Christi∣ans in Macassar were fully known. Xa∣vier gave credit to the Governour, and

retir'd to the Hospital, which he had chosen for the place of his abode. The People ran in Crowds to behold the countenance of that great Apostle, whose fame was spread through all the Indies; and over all the East. The Parents show'd him to their Children; and it was observ'd, that the Man of God, in caressing those little Portugueses, call'd every one of them by their proper names, as if he had been of their acquaintance; and were not a stranger newly come on shore.

For what remains, he found the Town,* 1.33 in a most horrible corruption of man∣ners. The Portugueses, who liv'd there at a distance, both from the Bishop, and the Viceroy of the Indies, committed all manner of Crimes, without fear of Laws, either Ecclesiastical or Civil. A∣varice, Intemperance, Uncleanness, and forgetfulness of God were every where predominant, and the Habit only, or rather the excess and number of their Vices, distinguish'd the Christians from the Unbelievers.

This terrible Prospect of a sinful Town, gave Xavier to comprehend, that his stay in Malacca was necessary, and might possibly turn to a good account; but be∣fore he wou'd undertake the Reforma∣tion

of a Town, so universally corrup∣ted, he employ'd some days in serving of the Sick: he pass'd many nights in Prayer, and perform'd extraordinary Au∣steri••i••s.

After these Preparatives, he began his publick instructions according to the methods which he had frequently pra∣ctis'd at Goa. Walking the Streets at evening, with his Bell in his Hand, he cry'd with a loud voice, Pray to God for those who are in the state of Mor••at Sin: and by this, he brought into the minds of Sinners, the remembrance and consi∣deration of their Offences. For seeing the ill habits of their Minds, and that the disease was like to be inflam'd, if violent remedies were apply'd, he temper'd more than ever the ardour of his Zeal. Though he had naturally a Serene Countenance, and was of a pleasing Conversation, yet all the charms of his good humour seem'd to be redoubled at Malacca, insomuch, that his Companion, Iohn Deyro, cou'd not but wonder at his gayety, and soft behaviour.

By this procedure,* 1.34 the Apostle gain'd the Hearts of all, and became in some manner, Lord of the City. At the very first, he rooted out an establish'd custom, which permitted the young Maids to go

in the Habit of Boys, whenever they pleas'd, which occasion'd a world of scan∣dal. He drove out of Doors, the Con∣cubines, or turn'd them into lawful Wives, according to his former method. As for the Children, who had no know∣ledge of G••d, and who learnt Songs of Bibaldry, and Obsceneness, as soon as they began to speak, he form'd them so well in a little time, that they publick∣ly recited the Christian Doctrine, and set up little Altars in the Streets, about which they sung together the Hymns of the Catholick Church. But that in which he was most successful, was to restore the practice of Confession, which was almost entirely lost. But now, Men and Wo∣men crowded the Tribunal of holy Peni∣tence; and the Father was not able to sup∣ply the necessities of so many.

He labour'd in the knowledge of the Malaya Tongue, which is spoken in all the Isles beyond Malacca, and is as it were the Universal Language. His first care was to have a little Catechism tran∣slated into it, being the same he had com∣pos'd on the Coast of Fishery: together with a more ample instruction, which treated of the principal duties of Christi∣anity. He learnt all this without Book, and to make himself the better under∣stood,

he took a particular care of the Pronunciation.

With these helps, and the assistance of Interpreters, who were never wanting to him at his need, he converted many Ido∣laters, as also Mahometans and Iews; a∣mongst the rest, a famous Rabbi, who made a publick Abjuration of Iudaism. This Rabbi, who before had taken for so many Fables, or juggling tricks, all those wonders which are reported to have been done by Xavier, now acknowledg'd them for Truths, by the Evidence of his own Eyes. For the Saint never wrought so many Miracles as at Malacca. The Juridical Depositions of Witnesses then li∣ving, have assur'd us, that all sick per∣sons, whom he did but touch, were im∣mediately cur'd; and that his Hands had an healing vertue, against all Distempers. One of his most famous cures, was that of Antonio Fernandez, a Youth, not a∣bove fifteen years of age, was sick to death. His Mother, a Christian by pro∣fession, but not without some remainders of Paganism in her Heart, seeing that all natural Remedies were of no effect, had re∣course to certain Enchantments frequent∣ly practis'd amongst the Heathens, and sent for an old Sorceress, who was call'd N••i. The Witch made her Magical Ope∣perations,

on a Lace brayded of many thrids, and ty'd it about the Arm of the Patient. But instead of the expected cure, Fernandez lost his Speech, and was taken with such violent Convulsions, that the Physitians were call'd again; who all despair'd of his recovery. It was ex∣pected every moment he shou'd breath his last, when a Christian Lady, who happen'd to come in, said to the Mother of the dying Youth, Why do you not send for the holy Father? he will infallibly cure him. She gave credit to her words, and sent for Xavier. He was immediately there: Fernandez, who had lost his Sense, and lay gasping in death, began to cry out, and make violent motions, so soon as the Father had set his Foot within the Doors: but when he came into the Room and stood before the Youth, he fell into howlings, and dreadful wreath∣ings of his Body, which redoubled at the sight of the Cross, that was presented to him. Xavier doubted not but there was something of extraordinary in his Disease, nor even that God, for the pu∣nishment of the Mother, who had made use of Diabolical Remedies, had deliver'd her Son to the evil Spirits. He fell on his Knees by the Bed-side, read aloud the Passion of our Lord, hung his Reli∣quiary

about the Neck of the sick person, and sprinkled him with Holy Water. This made the fury of the Devil cease: and the young Man, half dead, lay without motion as before. Then Xavier rising up, Get him somewhat to eat, (said he) and told them, what nourishment he thought proper for him. After which, addressing himself to the Father of the Youth, When your Son, added he, shall be in condition to walk, lead him your self, for nine days successively, to the Church of our Lady of the Mount, where to mor∣row I will say Mass for him. After this he departed, and the next day, while he was celebrating the Divine Sacrifice, Fer∣nandez, on the sudden came to himself, spoke very sensibly, and perfectly reco∣ver'd his former health.

But how wonderful soever,* 1.35 the cure of this Youth, appear'd in the Eyes of all Men, the Resurection of a young Maid was of greater admiration. Xavier was gone on a little Journey, somewhere a∣bout the Neighbourhood of Malacca, to do a work of Charity, when this Girl dy'd. Her Mother, who had been in search of the holy Man during her Daughter's sick∣ness, came to him, after his return, and throwing her self at his Feet, all in Tears, said almost the same words to him,

which Martha said formerly to our Lord, That if he had been in Town, she who was now dead, had been alive: but if he wou'd call upon the name of Jesus Christ, the dead might be restor'd to life. Xavier was overjoy'd to behold so great Faith in a Woman, who was but lately baptis'd, and judging her worthy of that blessing which she begg'd, after having lifted up his Eyes to Heaven, and silently pray'd to God some little space, he turn'd to∣wards her, and said to her with much assurance, Go; your Daughter is alive. The poor Mother seeing the Saint offer'd not to go with her to the place of Burial, reply'd betwixt hope and fear, That it was three days since her Daughter was in∣terr'd: 'Tis no matter, answer'd Xavier, open the Sepulchre, and you shall find her living. The Mother, without more re∣ply, ran full of Con••idence to the Church, and in presence of many persons, having caus'd the Grave-stone to be remov'd, ••ound her Daughter living.

While these things pass'd at Malacca,* 1.36 a Ship from Goa brought Letters to Fa∣ther Xavier from Italy and Portugal: which inform'd him of the happy pro∣gress of the Society of Iesus, and what it had already perform'd in Germany for the publick service of the Church. He was

never weary of reading those Letters, he kiss'd them, and bedew'd them with his Tears, imagining himself, either with his Brethren in Europe, or them present with himself in Asia. He had news at the same time, that there was arriv'd a supply of three Missioners, whom Father Ignatius had sent him, and that Don Iohn de Castro, who succeeded Alphonso de So∣sa, in the Government of the Indies, had brought them in his company. These Missioners were Antonio Criminal, Ni∣cholas Lancilotti, and Iohn Beyra, all three Priests; the two first Italians, and the last a Spaniard: Apostolical Men, and of eminent Vertue, particularly Crimi∣nal, who of all the Children of Ignatius was the first, who was honour'd with ••he Crown of Martyrdom. Xavier dispos'd of them immediately, commanding by his Letters, That Lancilotti shou'd remain in the Seminary of holy Faith, there to instruct the young Indians in the knowledge of the Latin Tongue, and that the other two shou'd go to accompany Francis Mansil∣la on the Coast of Fishery.

For himself,* 1.37 having waited three Months for news from Macassar, when he saw the season, proper for the return of the Ship, which the Governour of Malacca had sent, was now expir'd, and

that no Vessel was come from those parts, he judg'd, that Providence wou'd not make use of him at present, for the in∣struction of those people, who had a Priest already with them. Nevertheless, that he might be more at hand to suc∣cour them, when ever it pleas'd God to furnish him with an occasion, it was in his thoughts to go to the Neighbouring Islands of that Coast, which were wholly destitute of Gospel Ministers.

God Almighty at that time,* 1.38 reveal'd to him the Calamities which threatn'd Malacca; both the Pestilence and the War, with which it was to be afflicted in the years ensuing; and the utter deso∣lation to which it shou'd one day be re∣duc'd for the punishment of its Crimes. For the Inhabitants, who since the arri∣val of the Father, had reform'd their Manners, relaps'd insensibly into their Vices, and became more dissolute than ever, as it commonly happens to Men of a debauch'd life, who constrain them∣selves for a time, and whom the force of ill Habits, draws backward into Sin. Xavier fail'd not to denounce the Judg∣ments of God to them, and to exhort them to Piety, for their own interest. But his Threatnings and Exhortations were of no effect: and this it was that

made him say of Malacca, the quite con∣trary of what he had said concerning Me∣liap••re, that he had not seen, in all the Indies, a more wicked Town.

He imbark'd for Amboyna the first of Ianuary 1546, with Iohn Deyro,* 1.39 in a Ship which was bound for the Isle of Banda. The Captain of the Vessel was a Portuguese, the rest, as well Mariners as Souldiers, were Indians; all of them ••••most of several Countries, and the greate part Mahome∣tans, or Gentils. The 〈◊〉〈◊〉 converted them to Iesus Christ, during the Voyage, and what convinc'd the Infidels of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 truth of Christ••an••ty, was, that when Father Xavier expounded to them the Mysteries of Christianity in one Tongue, they understood him severally, each in his own Language, as if he had spoken at once in many Tongues.

They had been already six weeks at Sea, without discovering Amboyna; the Pilot was of Opinion they had pass'd it, and was in pain concerning it, not know∣ing how to tack about, because they had a full ••ore-Wind. Xavier perceiving the trouble of the Pilot. Do not vex your self, said he, we are yet in the Gulph; and to morrow at break of day, we shall be in view of Amboyna. In effect, at the time mention'd, the next morning, they

saw that Island. The Pilot being un∣willing to cast Anchor; Father Xavier, with some of the Passengers, were put into a Skiff, and the Ship pursu'd its course. When the Skiff was almost rea∣dy to Land, two light Vessels of Pyrats, which usually cruis'd on that Coast, ap∣pear'd on the sudden, and pursu'd them swiftly. Not hoping any succour from the Ship, which was already at a great distance from them, and being also with∣out defence, they were forc'd to put off from Shore, and ply their Oars towards the main Sea: insomuch that the Pyrats soon lost sight of them. After they had escap'd the danger, they durst not make to Land again, for fear the two Vessels shou'd lye in wait to intercept them at their return. But the Father assur'd the Mariners, they had no further cause of fear: turning therefore towards the Island, they landed there in safety, on the sixteenth of February.

The Isle of Amboyna is distant from* 1.40 Malacca about two hundred and fifty Leagues, 'tis near thirty Leagues in com∣pass, and is famous for the concourse of Merchants, who frequent it from all parts. The Portuguese, who conquer'd it, during the time that Antonio Galvan was Governour of Ternata, had a Garri∣son

in it; besides which, there were in the Island seven Villages of Christians, Natives of the place, but without any Priest, because the only one in the Island was just dead. Xavier began to visit these Villages, and immediately baptis'd many Infants, who dy'd suddenly after they were Christen'd. As if, (says he himself in one of his Letters) the Divine Providence, had only so far prolong'd their lives, till the Gate of Heaven were open'd to them.

Having been inform'd, that sundry of the Inhabitants, had retir'd themselves from the Sea-side, into the midst of the Woods, and Caves of the Mountains, to shelter themselves from the rage of the Barbarians, their Neighbours and their Enemies, who robb'd the Coasts, and put to the Sword, or made Slaves of all, who fell into their Hands, he went in search of those poor Salvages, amidst the horrour of their Rocks and Forests; and liv'd with them as much as was necessa∣ry, to make them understand the duties of Christianity, of which the greatest part of them was ignorant.

After having instructed the Faithful,* 1.41 he apply'd himself to preach the Gospel to the Idolaters and Moors, and God so bless'd the endeavours of his Servant,

that the greatest part of the Island be∣came Christians. He built Churches in every Village, and made choice of the most reasonable, the most able, and the most servent, to be Masters over the rest, till there shou'd arrive a supply of Missio∣ners. To which purpose he wrote to Goa, and commanded Paul de Camerine to send him Francis Mansilla, Iohn Beyra, and one or two more, of the first Missio∣ners, which shou'd arrive from Europe: He charg'd Mansilla in particular, to come. His design was to establish in one of those Isles a House of the Company, which shou'd send out continual supplies of Labourers, for the publication of the Gospel, through all that Archipelago.

While Xavier labour'd in this manner* 1.42 at Amboyna, two Naval Armies arriv'd there: One of Portugal with three Ships, the other of Spaniards with six Men of War. The Spaniards were come from Nueva Espagna, or Mexico, for the Con∣quest of the Molucca's in the name of the Emperour Charles the Fifth, as they pre∣tended; but their Enterprise succeeded not. After two years cruising, and long stay with the King of Tidore, who re∣ceiv'd them, to give Jealousie to the Portuguese, who were allyed to the King of Ternate, his Enemy, they took their

way by Amboyna, to pass into the In∣dies, and from thence to Europe. They were engag'd in an unjust Expedition, a∣gainst the Rights of Portugal, and with∣out Order from Charles the Fifth, for that Emperour, to whom King Iohn the third address'd his Complaints thereupon, disavow'd the Proceedings of his Subjects, and gave permission, that they shou'd be us'd like Pyrates.

Yet the Portuguese proceeded not against them with that severity. But it seems that God reveng'd their quarrel; in af∣flicting the Spaniards with a contagious Fever, which destroy'd the greatest part of their Fleet. It was a sad specta∣cle to behold the Mariners and Souldi∣ers, lying here and there in their Ships, or on the shoar, in Cabins, cover'd only with Leaves. The Disease which consum'd them, kept all men at a distance from them, and the more necessity they had of succour, the less they found from the People of the Island.

At the first report which came to Xavier of this Pestilence,* 1.43 he left all things to relieve them: And 'tis scarce to be imagin'd, to what actions his Cha∣rity led him on this occasion. He was day and night in a continual moti∣on, at the same time administring to

their Bodies and their Souls; assisting the dying, burying the dead, and Interring them even with his own hands. As the Sick had neither Food nor Physick, he procur'd both for them from every side; and he who furnish'd him the most, was a Portuguese call'd Iohn d' Araus; who came in his company from. Malacca to Amboyna. Nevertheless the Malady still encreasing day by day, Araus be∣gan to fear he shou'd impoverish him∣self by these Charities, and from a ten∣der hearted man, became so hard, that nothing more was to be squeez'd out of him. One day Xavier sent to him for some Wine, for a sick man who had continual faintings: Araus gave it, but with great reluctance, and charg'd the Messenger to trouble him no more; that he had need of the remainder for his own use, and when his own was at an end, whither shou'd he go for a supply? These words were no sooner related to Father Francis, than inflam'd with a holy indignation, What, says he, does Araus think of keeping his Wine for himself, and refusing it to the Members of Jesus Christ; the end of his Life is very near, and af∣ter his death, all his Estate shall be distri∣buted amongst the Poor. He denounc'd death to him with his own mouth, and

the event verify'd the Prediction, as the sequel will make manifest.

Though the Pestilence was not wholly ceas'd, and many Sick were yet aboard the Vessels, the Spanish Fleet set Sail for Goa, forc'd to it, by the approach of Winter, which begins about May, in those quarters. Father Xavier made Pro∣visions for the necessities of the Souldiers, and furnish'd them, before their depar∣ture, with all he cou'd obtain from the Charity of the Portuguese. He recom∣mended them likewise to the Charity of his Friends at Malacca, where the Navy was to touch, and wrote to Father Paul de Camerine at Goa, that he shou'd not fail to Lodge in the Colledge of the Com∣pany, those Religious of the Order of St. Augustin, who came along with the Ar∣my from Mexico, and that he shou'd do them all the good Offices, which their Profession, and their Vertue claim'd from him.

After the Spaniards were departed,* 1.44 Xavier made some little Voyages to pla∣ces near adjoyning to Amboyna: and vi∣sited some Islands which were half un∣peopled, and desart, waiting the conve∣nience of a Ship, to transport him to the Molucca's, which are nearer to Macassar than Amboyna. One of those Isles is

Baranura; where he miraculously reco∣ver'd his Crucifix, in the manner I am going to relate, according to the ac∣count which was given of it by a Por∣tuguese, call'd Fausto Rodriguez, who was a witness of the Fact, has depos'd it up∣on Oath, and whose Juridical Testimo∣ny is in the process of the Saints Canoni∣sation.

We were at Sea, says Rodriguez,* 1.45 Fa∣ther Francis, Iohn Raposo, and my self, when there arose a Tempest which al∣larm'd all the Mariners. Then the Father drew from his bosome a little Crucifix, which he always carri'd about him, and leaning over deck, intended to have dipt it into the Sea; but the Crucifix dropt out of his hand, and was carri'd off by the Waves. This loss, very sensibly af∣flicted him, and he conceal'd not his sorrow from us. The next morning we landed on the Island of Baranura; from the time when the Crucifix was lost, to that of our landing, it was near 24 hours, during which, we were in perpetual danger. Being on shore, Father Francis and I, walk'd along by the Sea side, to∣wards the Town of Tamalo, and had al∣ready walk'd about five hundred paces, when both of us beheld arising out of the Sea, a Crab-Fish, which carried be∣twixt

his Claws, the same Crucifix, rais'd on high. I saw the Crab-Fish come directly to the Father by whose side I was, and stop'd before him. The Fa∣ther, falling on his knees, took his Cru∣cifix, after which the Crab-Fish return'd into the Sea. But the Father, still con∣tinuing in the same humble posture, hug∣ging and kissing the Crucifix, was half an hour praying with his hands across his breast, and my self joyning with him in thanksgiving to God, for so evident a Miracle: after which we arose, and continu'd on our way. Thus you have the Relation of Rodriguez.

They staid eight days upon the Island, and afterwards set sail for Rosalao; where Xavier Preach'd at his first coming, as he had done at Bara••ura. But the Ido∣laters who Inhabited these two Islands, being extreamly vicious, altogether bru∣tal, and having nothing of humane in them, besides the figure, gave no credit to his words, and one only man amongst them, more reasonable than all the rest, believ'd in Iesus Christ. Insomuch, that the Holy Apostle, at his departure from Rosalao, took off his Shoos, and shook off the dust, that he might not carry any thing away with him, which be∣long'd to that execrable Land.

Truly speaking,* 1.46 the Conversion of that one man was worth that of many. The Saint gave him in Baptism him own name of Francis, and foretold him that he should dye most piously, in calling upon the name of Iesus. The Prophecy was taken notice of, which has recom∣mended the fame of this new Convert to Posterity; and which was not ac∣complish'd, till after forty years. For this Christian, forsaking his barbarous Island, and turning Souldier, serv'd the Portuguese, on divers occasions, 'till in the year 1588, he was wounded to death in a Battel given by Don Sancho Vasconcellos, Governour of Amboyna, who made War with the Saracen Hiamo▪ Fran∣cis was carried off, into the Camp, and many, as well Indians as Portuguese, came about him, to see the accomplish∣ment of the Prediction, made by the blessed Francis Xavier. All of them be∣held the Souldier dying, with extraor∣dinary signs of Piety, and crying with∣out ceasing, Iesus assist me.

The Island of Vlate,* 1.47 which is better Peopled, and less Salvage, than those of Baranura, and Rosalao, was not so deaf nor so rebellious to the voice of the holy man. He found it all in arms, and the King of it besieg'd, in his Town, ready

to be surrender'd, neither through want of courage, nor of Defendants, but of Water. Because the enemy had cut off the Springs, and there was no likely∣hood of Rain; insomuch, that during the great heats, both Men and Horses, were in danger of perishing by thirst.

The opportunity appear'd favourable to Father Xavier, for gaining the van∣quish'd Party to Iesus Christ, and per∣haps all the Conquerours. Full of a noble con••idence in God, he found means to get into the Town, and being pre∣sented to the King, offer'd to supply him with what he most wanted. Suffer me, said he, to erect a Cross, and trust in the God, whom I come to declare to you. He is the Lord and Governour of Nature, who, when ever he pleases, can open the Foun∣tains of Heaven, and water the Earth. But in case the Rain should descend upon you, give me your promise, to acknowledge his power, and that you, with your Subjects, will receive his ••aw. In the extremity to which the King was then reduc'd, he consented readily to the Father's conditions, and also oblig'd himself on the publick faith, to keep his word, pro∣vided Xavier fail'd not on his part, of the promis'd Blessing. Then Xavier causing a great Cross to be made, set

it up, on the highest ground of all the Town, and there, on his knees, amongst a crowd of Souldiers, and Men, Wo∣men, and Children, attracted by the novelty of the sight, as much as by the expected succour; he offer'd to God the death of his only Son, and pray'd him, by the merits of that Cru∣cify'd Saviour who had pour'd out his blood for the sake of all Mankind, not to deny a little water, for the Salvation of an Idolatrous People.

Scarcely had the Saint begun his Pray∣er, when the Sky began to be overcast with Clouds, and by that time he had ended it, there fell down Rain in great abundance, which lasted so long, 'till they had made a plentiful provision of water. The Enemy, now hopeless of taking the Town, immediately decamp'd, and the King, with all his People, re∣ceiv'd Baptism from the hand of Father Xavier. He commanded also, that all the neighbouring Islands who held of him, shou'd adore Christ Iesus; and en∣gag'd the Saint to go and publish the Faith amongst them. Xavier employ'd three months and more, in these little voyages; after which returning to Am∣boyna, where he had left his Companion Iohn Deyro, to cultivate the new grow∣ing

Christianity, and where he left him also for the same intention, embarqu'd on a Portuguese V••ssel, which was setting Sail for the Molucca's.

That which is commonly call'd by the name of the Molucca's,* 1.48 is a Country on the Oriental Ocean, divided into many little Islands, scituate near the Equator, exceeding fruitful in Cloves, and famous for the Trade of Spices. There are five principal Islands of them, Ternate, Tidor, Motir, Macian, and Ba∣cian. The first of these, is a degree and half distant from the Equinoctial, to the North, the rest follow in the order a∣bove nam'd; and all five are in sight of one another. These are those cele∣brated Islands, concerning which Fer∣dinand Magellan rais'd so many disputes amongst the Geographers, and so many quarrels betwixt Spain and Portugal. For the Portuguese having discover'd them from the East, and the Spaniards from the West, each of them pretended to inclose them, within their Conquests, ac∣cording to the Lines of Longitude, which they drew.

Ternate,* 1.49 is the greatest of the Moluc∣ca's; and it was on that side, that Fa∣ther Xavier took his course. He had a Gulph to pass of ninety Leagues, ex∣exceeding

dangerous, both in regard of the strong Tides, and the uncertain Winds, which are still raising Tempests though the Sea be never so calm. The Ship which carried the Father, was one of those Vessels, which in those parts are call'd Caracores, of a long and narrow built, like Gallies, and which use indiffe∣rently Sails and Oars. Another Vessel of the same make, carried a Portuguese call'd Iohn Galvan, having aboard her all his goods; they set out together from Amboyna, keeping company by the way, and both of them bound for the Port of Ternate.

In the midst of the Gulph, they were surpriz'd with a storm, which parted them so far, that they lost sight of each other. The Caracore of Xavier, after having been in danger of perishing many times, was at length sav'd, and reco∣ver'd the Port of Ternate, by a kind of Miracle: As for that of Galvan, it was not known what became of her; and the news concerning her, was only brought by an evident Revelation.

The first Saints day, when the Father Preach'd to the People, he stop'd short in the middle of his discourse, and said after a little pause, Pray to God for the Soul of John Galvan, who is drown'd in

the Gulph. Some of the Audience, who were friends of Galvan, and interessed in the Caracore, ran to the Mariners, who had brought the Father, and demanded of them, if they knew any certain news, of this tragical adventure? They an∣swer'd, that they knew no more, than that the storm had separated the two Vessels. The Portugueses recover'd cou∣rage at those words, and imagin'd that Father Francis had no other knowledge than the Seamen. But they were soon undeceiv'd by the testimony of their own eyes, for three days after they saw wash'd on the shore, the Corps of Gal∣van, and the wreck of the Vessel, which the ••ea had thrown upon the Coast.

Ver•• near this time,* 1.50 when Xavier was saying Mass, turning to the People to say the Orate Fratres, he added, pray also for Iohn Araus, who is newly dead at Amboyna. They who were present, observ'd punctually the day and hour, to see, if what the Father had said, wou'd come to pass; ten or twelve days after, there arriv'd a Ship from Amboyna, and the truth was known not only by divers Letters, but confirm'd also by a Portu∣guese, who had seen Araus dye at the same moment, when Xavier exhorted the People to pray to God, to rest his

Soul. This Araus, was the Merchant, which refus'd to give Wine for the suc∣cour of the Sick, in the Spanish Fleet, and to whom the Saint had denounc'd a sudden death. He fell sick after Xavi∣er's departure, and having neither Chil∣dren nor Heirs, all his Goods were di∣stributed amongst the poor, according to the custom of the Country.

The Shipwrack of Galvan,* 1.51 and the death of Araus, gave great Authority to what they had heard at Ternate, con∣cerning the Holiness of Father Francis, and from the very first, gain'd him an exceeding Reputation. And indeed it was all necessary, I say not for the refor∣mation of Vice in that Country, but to make him even heard with Patience by a dissolute people, which committed with∣out shame, the most enormous crimes, and such as Modesty forbids to name.

To understand how profitable the La∣bours of Father Xavier were to those of Ternate, 'tis sufficient to tell what he has written himself. That of an infinite num∣ber of debauch'd persons living in that Island, when he landed there, all excepting two, had laid aside their wicked courses, before his departure. The desire of Riches was extinguish'd with the love of Pleasures. Restitutions were frequently made; and

such abundant Alms were given, that the House of Charity, set up for the relief of the necessitous, from very poor, which it was formerly, was put into stock, and more flourishing than ever.

The change of Manners,* 1.52 which was visibly amongst the Christians, was of no little service to the Conversion of Sa∣racens and Idolaters. Many of those I••∣fidels embrac'd Christianity. But the most illustrious conquest of the Saint, was of a famous Saracen Lady, call'd Neachile Pocaraga, Daughter to Alman∣••or King of Tidore, and Wife to Boliefe, who was King of Ternate, before the Por∣tuguese had conquer'd the Island. She was a Princess of great Wit and Genero∣sity, but extreamly bigotted to her Sect, and a mortal Enemy to the Christi∣ans, that is to say, to the Portuguese. Her hatred to them was justly ground∣ed; for having receiv'd them into her Kingdom, with great civility, and ha∣ving also permitted them to establish themselves in one part of the Island, for the conveni••nce of their Trade, she was dealt with so hardly by them, that after the death of the King her Husband, she had nothing left her, but the bare Title of a Queen: And by their Intrigues, the three Princes her Sons, lost the Crown,

their Liberty, and their Lives. Her un∣happy fortune constrain'd her to lead a wandring life, from Isle to Isle: But Providence, which wou'd accomplish on her its good designs, brought her back at last to Ternate, about the time when Xa∣vier came thither. She liv'd there, in the condition of a private person, with∣out Authority, yet with Splendour, and retaining still in her Countenance and Behaviour, somewhat of that haughty Air, which the Great sometimes main∣tain, even in their Fetters.

The Saint gain'd access to her, and found an opportunity of conversing with her. In his first discourse, he gave her a great Idea of the Kingdom of God: yet withal inform'd her, That this Kingdom was not difficult to obtain; and that be∣ing once in possession of it, there was no fear of being after dispossess'd. Insomuch, that the Saracen Princess, who had no hopes remaining of ought on Earth, turn'd her thoughts and her desires to∣wards Heaven. 'Tis true, that as she was indu'd with a great Wit, and was very knowing in the Law of Mahomet, there was some need of Argumentation; but the Father, still clearing all her doubts, the dispute only serv'd to make her un∣derstand more certainly the falseness of

the Alcoran▪ and the truth of the Gospel. She submitted to the Saints Reasons, or rather to the Grace of Iesus Christ, and was publickly baptis'd by the Apostle him∣self, who gave her the name of Isabella.

He was not satisfy'd with barely ma∣king her a Christian. He saw in her a great stock of Piety, an upright Heart, a tenderness of Mind, inclinations truly great and noble; which he cultivated with admirable care, and set her for∣ward by degrees, in the most sublime and solid ways of a spiritual life: So that Neachile, under the conduct of Father Xavier, arriv'd to a singular Devotion; that is to say, she grew humble and mo∣dest, from disdainful, and haughty as she was, mild to others, and severe to her self, suffering her Misfortunes without complaint of Injuries; united to God, in her Retirements, and not appearing pub∣lickly, but to exercise the deeds of Cha∣rity to her Neighbour: but more e∣steem'd and honour'd both by the Indi∣ans and Portugueses, than when she sat upon the Throne, in all the pomp and power of Royalty.

During the abode which Xavier made in Ternate,* 1.53 he heard speak of certain Isles, which are distant from it about sixty Leagues Eastward; and which take their

name from the Principal, commonly call'd, the Isle del Moro. It was repor∣ted to him, that those Islanders, Barba∣rians as they were, had been most of them baptis'd, but that the Faith had been abo∣lish'd there, immediately after it was in∣troduc'd, and this account he heard of it.

The Inhabitants of Momoya, which is a Town in the Isle del Moro, wou'd ne∣ver embrace the Law of Mahomet, though all the neighbouring Villages had receiv'd it. And the Prince, or Lord of that Town, who chose rather to continue an Idolater, than to become a Mahometan, being molested by the Saracens, had re∣course to the Governour of Ternate, who was call'd Tristan d' Atayda, promising, that himself and his Subjects wou'd turn Christians, provided the Portugueses wou'd take them into their protection. Atayda receiving savourably those Propo∣sitions of the Prince of Momoya, the Prince came in person to Ternate, and desir'd Bap∣tism; taking then, the name of Iohn, in honour of Iohn the Third, King of Portu∣gal. At his return to Momoya, he took a∣long with him a Portuguese Priest, call'd Si∣mon Vaz, who converted many Idolaters to the Faith. The number of Christians, thus daily increasing more and more, ano∣ther Priest call'd Francis Alvarez, came to

second Vaz, and both of them labour'd so happily in conjunction, that the whole people of Momoya renounc'd Idolatry, and profess'd the Faith of Iesus Christ.

In the mean time the Portuguese Soul∣diers, whom the Governour of Ternate had promis'd to send, came from thence to defend the Town, against the Enter∣prises of the Saracens. But the cruelty which he exercis'd on the Mother of Ca∣cil Aerio, Bastard Son to King Boliefe, so far exasperated those Princes and the neighbouring People, that they conspir'd the death of all the Portugueses, who were to be found in those quarters. The Inhabitants of Momoya naturally change∣able and cruel, began the Massacre by the murther of Simon Vaz, their first Pa∣stor; and had kill'd Alvarez, whom they pursu'd with flights of Arrows to the Sea-side, if accidentally he had not found a Bark in readiness, which bore him off, all wounded as he was, and sav'd him from the fury of those Christian Barbarians.

The Saracens made their advantage of these disorders, and Mastering Momoya, chang'd the whole Religion of the Town. The Prince himself was the only Man, who continu'd firm in the Christian Faith, notwithstanding all their threatning, and the cruel usage which he receiv'd

from them. Not long after this, Antonio Galvan, that Portug••ese, who was so il∣lustrious for his Prudence, his Valour, and his Piety, succeeding to Tristan d' A∣tayda, in the Government of Ternate, sent to the Isle del Moro, a Priest, who was both able and zealous, by whose Ministry, the people were once more re∣duc'd into the Fold of Christ, and the Affairs of the Infidels were ruin'd. But this Priest remain'd not long upon the Island, and the people destitute of all Spiritual Instructions, return'd soon after, through their natural inconstancy, to their original Barbarism.

In this condition was the Isle del Moro,* 1.54 when it was spoken of to Father Xavier, and for this very reason, he determin'd to go, and preach the Gospel there, after he had stay'd for three Months at Ter∣nate. When his design was known, all possible endeavours were us'd to break it. His Friends were not wanting to inform him, that the Countrey was as hideous as it was barren: That it seem'd accurs'd by Nature, and a more ••itting Habitati∣on for Beasts than Men. That the Air was so gross, and so unwholesome, that Strangers cou'd not live in the Countrey. That the Mountains continually vomited flakes of Fire and Ashes, and that the

ground it self, was subject to terrible and frequent Earthquakes. And besides, it was told him, that the people of the Countrey, surpass'd in cruelty and faith∣lessness, all the Barbarians of the World. That Christianity had not softned their Manners; that they poyson'd one ano∣ther; that they fed themselves with Hu∣mane Flesh; and that when any of their Relations happen'd to die, they cut off his Hands and Feet, of which they made a delicate Ragou. That their In∣humanity extended so far, that when they design'd a sumptuous Feast; they begg'd some of their Friends to lend them an old unprofitable Father, to be serv'd up to the Entertainment of their Guests, with promise to repay them in kind, on the like occasion.

The Portugueses, and Indians, who lov'd Xavier, added, that since those Salvages spar'd not their own Countrey∣men, and their Parents, what wou'd they not do to a Stranger, and an un∣known person? That they were first to be transform'd into Men, before they cou'd be made Christians. And how cou'd he imprint the Principles of the Divine Law into their Hearts, who had not the least sence of Humanity? Who shou'd be his Guide through those thick

intangled Forests, where the greatest part of them were lodg'd, like so many wild Beasts▪ and when, by rare fortune, he shou'd atchieve the taming of them, and even convert them, how long wou'd that Conversion last? at the longest, but while he continu'd with them. That no Man wou'd venture to succeed him in his Apostleship to those parts, for that was only to be expos'd to a certain death; and that the Blood of Simon Vaz was yet steaming. To conclude, there were many other Isles, which had never heard of Iesus Christ, and who were bet∣ter dispos'd to receive the Gospel.

These reasons were accompanied with Prayers and Tears; but they were to no purpose, and Xavier was stedfast to his Resolution. His Friends perceiving they cou'd gain nothing upon him by Intreaties, had recourse in some measure to Constraint. So far as to obtain from the Governour of Ternate▪ a Decree, for∣bidding, on severe penalties, any Vessel, to carry the Father to the Isle del Moro.

Xavier,* 1.55 then resented this usage of his Friends, and cou'd not forbear to com∣plain publickly of it. Where are those people, said he, who dare to confine the Power of Almighty God? and have so mean an apprehension of our Saviour's Love and

Grace? Are there any Hearts hard enough to resist the Influences of the Most High, when it pleases him to soften and to change them? can they stand in opposition to that gentle, and yet commanding force, which can make the dry Bones live, and raise up Children to Abraham from Sto••es? What shall he, who has subjected the whole World to the Cross, by the Ministry of the Apo∣stles, shall he exempt from that subjection, this petty corner of the Vniverse? Shall then the Isle del Moro be the only place, which shall receive no benefit of Redempti∣on? And when Jesus Christ has offer'd to the Eternal Father, all the Nations of the Earth as his Inheritance, were these peo∣ple excepted out of the Donation? I ac∣knowledge them to be very barbarous and brutal, and let it be granted they were more inhumane than they are, 'tis because I can do nothing of my self, that I have the better hopes of them. I can do all things in him who strengthens me, and from whom alone proceeds the strength of those who labour in the Gospel.

He added, That other less Salvage Na∣tions, wou'd never want for Preachers: That these only Isles remain'd for him to cultivate, since no other Man wou'd under∣take them. In sequel, suffering himself to be transported with a kind of holy Cho∣ler,

If these Isles, (pursu'd he) abounded with precious Woods, and Mines of Gold, the Christians wou'd have the courage to go thither; and all the dangers of the World, wou'd not be able to affright them; they are base and fearful, because there are only Souls to purchase. And shall it then be said, That Charity is less daring than Ava∣rice? You tell me they will take away my life, either by the Sword or Poison; but those are favours too great for such a Sin∣ner as I am to expect from Heaven. Yet I dare confidently say, That whatever tor∣ment or death they prepare for me, I am ready to suffer a thousand times more, for the Salvation of one only Soul. If I shou'd happen to die by their Hands, who knows but all of them might receive the Faith? for 'tis most certain, that since the primitive times of the Church, the Seed of the Gospel has made a larger increase in the Fields of Paganism, by the Blood of Martyrs, than by the Sweat of Missioners.

He concluded his Discourse, by telling them, That there was nothing really to fear in his undertaking: That God had call'd him to the Isles del Moro; and that Man shou'd not hinder him from obeying the Voice of God. His Discourse made such impressions on their Hearts, that not only the Decree against his passage

was revok'd, but many offer'd them∣selves to accompany him in that Voyage, through all the dangers which seem'd to threaten him.

Having thus dis-ingag'd himself,* 1.56 from all the incumbrances of his Voyage, he imbark'd with some of his Friends, pas∣sing through the Tears of the people, who attended him to the Shore, with∣out ex••ectation of seeing him again. Before he set 〈…〉〈…〉 wrote to the Fa∣thers of the Company at 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to make them acquainted with his Voyage.

The Country, whither I go, (says he in his Letter) is full of danger, and terrible to Strangers by the barbarity of the Inha∣bitants, and by their using divers Poisons, which they mingle with their Meat and Drink. And 'tis from hence, that Priests are apprehensive of coming to instract them. For my self, con••idering their extreme ne∣cessity, and the duties of my Ministry, which oblige to free them from Eternal Death, even at the expence of my own Life; I have resolv'd to hazard all, for the Salvation of their Souls. My whole confidence is in God, and all my desire is to obey, as far as in me lies, the word of Jesus Christ; He who is willing to save his Life shall lose it, and he who will lose it for my sake, shall find it ••••lieve me,

dear Brethren, though this Evangelical Maxime in general is easily to be under∣stood, when the time of Practising it calls upon us, and our business is to dye for God, as clear as the Text seems, it becomes ob∣scure; and he only can compass the under∣standing of it▪ to whom God by his mercy has explain'd it. For then it will be seen how frail and feeble is humane nature. Many here, who love me tenderly, have done what possibly they cou'd to divert me from this Voyage; and seeing that I yield∣ed not to their requests, nor to their tears, wou'd have furnish'd me wiih Antidotes. But I wou'd not take any, lest by making provision of Remedies, I might come to apprehend the danger: and also, because, having put my Life into the hands of Pro∣vidence, I have no need of preservatives from death. For it seems to me, that the more I shou'd make use of remedies, the less assurance I shou'd repose in God.

They went off with a favourable wind,* 1.57 and had already made above an hundred and fourscore miles, when Xavier on the sudden, with a deep sigh, cried out, Ah Iesus, how they Massacre the poor Peo∣ple! saying these words, and o••tentimes repeating them, he had turn'd his coun∣tenance, and fix'd his eyes towards a cer∣tain part of the Sea. The Mariners and

Passengers affrighted, ran about him, en∣quiring what Massacre he meant; be∣cause for their part, they cou'd see no∣thing. But the Saint was ravish'd in Spirit, and in this extasie, God had im∣power'd him to see this sad ••••ctacle

He was no soon••r 〈…〉〈…〉 than they continu'd 〈…〉〈…〉 know the occasion of his 〈…〉〈…〉 cryes. But he, blushing for 〈◊〉〈◊〉 words which had escap'd him in his transpo••••, wou'd say no more, but retir'd to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Devo∣tions It was not long before they be∣held with their own eyes, what he re∣fus'd to tell them; having cast Anchor before an Isle, they found on the shore the Bodies of eight Portugueses, all bloody, and then comprehended, that those un∣happy creatures, had mov'd the com∣passion of the holy man. They bury'd them in the same place, and erected a Cross over the grave; after which they pursu'd their Vo••age, and in little time arriv'd at the Isle del Moro.

When they were come on shore,* 1.58 Xa∣vier went directly on to the next Vil∣lage, the greatest part of the Inhabitants were Baptis'd; but there remain'd in them only a confus'd notion of their Baptism: and their Religion was no∣thing more, than a mingle••of Mahometa∣••ism and Idolatry.

The Barbarians fled, at the sight of the strangers, imagining they were come to revenge the death of the Portuguese, whom they had kill'd the precedent years. Xavier follow'd them, into the thickest of their Woods; and his counte∣nance full of mildness, gave them to be∣lieve, that he was not an Enemy who came in search of them. He declar'd to them the motive of his Voyage; speak∣ing to them in the Malaya Tongue. For though in the Isle del Moro, there were great diversity of Languages, insomuch that those of three Leagues distance, did not understand each other in their I∣sland Tongues, yet the Malaya was com∣mon to them all.

Notwithstanding,* 1.59 the roughness and barbarity of these Islanders, neither of those qualities were of proof against the winning and soft behaviour of the Saint. He brought them back to their Village, using all expressions of kindness to them by the way; and began his work, by singing aloud, the Christian Doctrine, through the streets. After which he expounded it to them, and that in a manner so suitable to their barbarous conceptions, that it pass'd with ••ase into their understanding.

By this means he restor'd those Chri∣stians to the Faith, who had before for∣saken it: and brought in to it those Ido∣laters, who had re••us'd to embrace it, when it was Preach'd to them by Simon Vaz, and Francis Alvarez. There was neither Town nor Village, which the Father did not visit; and where those new Converts, did not set up Crosses, and build Churches. Tolo, the chief Town of the Island, Inhabited by twenty five thousand Souls, was entirely con∣verted, together with Momoya.

Thus the Isle del Moro, was now to the Holy Apostle the Island of* 1.60 Divine Hope, as he desir'd it thenceforth to be nam'd. Both because those things which were there accomplish'd, by God him∣self, in a miraculous manner, were be∣yond all humane hope and expectation; and also because the fruits of his labours, surpass'd the hopes which had been con∣ceiv'd of them, when his friends of Ter∣nat••, wou'd have made him fear, that his Voyage wou'd prove unprofitable.

To engage these new Christians,* 1.61 who were gross of apprehension, in the pra∣ctice of a holy life, he threaten'd them with Eternal Punishments, and made them sensible of what Hell was, by those dreadful Objects which they had before

their eyes. For sometimes, he led them to the brink of those Gulphs, which shot out of their bowels, vast masses of burn∣ing Stones, into the air, with the noise and fury of a Cannon; and at the view of those Flames which were mingl'd with a dusky smoak, that obscur'd the day, he explain'd to them the nature of those pains, which were prepar'd in an Abyss of fire, not only for Idolaters and Ma∣hometans, but also for the true Believers, who liv'd not according to their Faith. He even told them the gaping mouths of those flaming Mountains were the breathing places of Hell, as appears by these following words, extracted out of one of his Letters, on that subject, writ∣ten to his Brethren at Rome—It seems, that God himself, has been pleas'd in some measure to discover the habitation of the Damn'd, to People who had otherwise no knowledge of him.

During their great Earthquakes,* 1.62 when no man cou'd be secure in any place, either in his house, or abroad in the o∣pen air, he exhorted them to penitence; and declar'd to them that those extraor∣dinary accidents were caus'd, not by the Souls of the dead, hidden under ground, as they imagin'd, but by the Devils who were desirous to destroy

them, or by the Omnipotent hand of God, who adds activity to natural Cau∣ses, that he may imprint more deeply in their hearts, the fear of his justice and his wrath.

One of those wonderful Earthquakes happen'd on the 29th. of September,* 1.63 on that day, consecrated to the honour of St. Michael, the Christians were assem∣bled in great numbers, and the Father said Mass. In the midst of the Sacrifice, the Earth was so violently shaken, that the People ran in a hurry out of the Church. The Father fear'd lest the Altar might be overthrown, yet he ••orsook it not, and went through with the Celebration of the Sacred Mysteries, thinking, as he said himself, that the blessed Arch-Angel, at that very time was driving the Devils of the Island down to Hell; and that those Infernal Spirits made all that noise and tumult, out of the indignation which they had, to be banish'd from that place, where they had held dominion for so many Ages.

The undaunted resolution of Father Xavier amaz'd the Barbarians,* 1.64 and gave them to believe, that a man who re∣main'd immoveable, while the Rocks and Mountains trembled, had something

in him of Divine. But that high Opi∣nion, which most of them had conceiv'd of him, gave him an absolute Authori∣ty over them. And with the assistance of Gods grace, which operated in their Souls, while he was working by out∣ward means, he made so total a Change in them, that they who formerly, in respect of their manners, were like Wolves and Tygers, now became tracta∣ble and mild, and innocent as Lambs.

Notwithstanding this,* 1.65 there were some amongst them who did not divest themselves fully and at once of their natural Barbarity; either to signifie that Divine Grace, how powerful soever, does not work all things in a man it self a∣lone, or to try the patience of the Saint. The most rebellious to Gods Spirit, were the Iavares; a rugged and inhumane People, who inhabit only in Caves, and in the day time roam about the Forests. Not content with not following the in∣structions of the Father, they laid di∣vers ambushes for him; and one day, while he was explaining the Rules of Morality to them out of the Gospel, by a River side, provok'd by the zeal, wherewith he condemn'd their dissolute manners, they cast stones at him, with design to kill him. The Barbarians were

on the one side of him, and the River on the other; which was broad and deep: Insomuch, that it was in a man∣ner impossible for Xavier to escape the ••ury of his Enemies: but nothing is impossible to a man whom Heaven protects. There was lying on the bank a great beam of wood; the Saint push'd it without the least difficulty into the water, and placing himself upon it, was carried in an instant to the other side, where the stones which were thrown, cou'd no longer reach him.

For what remains,* 1.66 he endur'd in this barren and inhospitable Country, all the miseries imaginable, of hunger, thirst, and nakedness. But the comforts which he receiv'd from Heaven, infinitely sweeten'd all his Labours; which may be judg'd, by the Letter he wrote to Father Ignatius. For after h•• had made him a faithful description of the place; I have, said he, given you this account of it, that from thence you may conclude, what abundance of Coelestial Consolations I have tasted in it. The dangers to which I am expos'd, and the pains I take for the i••terest of God alone, are the inexhaustible Springs of Spiritual Ioys: insomuch that these Islands, bare of all worldly necessa∣ries, are the pl••••es in the World, for a

man to lose his sight with the excess of weeping, but they are tears of joy. For my own part, I remember not ever to have tasted such interiour delights; and these Consolations of the Soul, are so pure, so exquisite, and so perpetual, that they take from me all sence of my Corporeal Sufferings.

Xavier continu'd for three Months in the Isle del Moro:* 1.67 after which he re∣pass'd to the Molucca's, with intention from thence to Sail to Goa. Not one∣ly, that he might draw out Missioners from thence, to take care of the new Christianity, which he had planted in all those Isles, and which he alone was not sufficient to cultivate, but also to provide for the affairs of the Compa∣ny, which daily multipli'd in this new World.

Being arriv'd at Ternate,* 1.68 he lodg'd by a Chappel, which was near the Port, and which, for that reason, is call'd our Lady of the Port. He thought not of any long stay in that place, but only 'till the Ship which was intended for Malacca, shou'd be ready to set out. The Christians, more glad of his return, be∣cause they had despair'd of seeing him again, beg'd of him to continue longer with them, because Lent was drawing

near; and that he must however stay all that Holy time, in the Island of Amboyna, for the proper season of Na∣vigation to Malacca. The Captain of the Fortress of Ternaet, and the Brother∣hood of the Mercy, ingag'd themselves to have him conducted to Amboyna, be∣fore the setting out of the Ships. So that Xavier cou'd not deny those Peo∣ple, who made him such reasonable pro∣positions; and who were so desirous to retain him, to the end they might profit by his presence, in order to the Salvation of their Souls.

He remain'd then almost three Months in Ternate;* 1.69 hearing Confessions day and night, Preaching twice on Holy-days, according to his custome; in the Mor∣ning to the Portugueses, in the After∣noon to the Islanders newly converted. Catechising the Children every day in the week, excepting Wednesday and Friday, which he set apart for the in∣struction of the Portuguese Wives. For seeing those Women, who were either Mahometans or Idolaters by birth, and had only receiv'd Baptism in order to their Marrying with the Portugueses, were not capable of profiting by the common Sermons, for want of sufficient understanding in the Mysteries and Max∣imes

of Christianity; he undertook to expound to them the Articles of Faith, the Commandments, and other Points of Christian Morality. The time of Lent was pass'd in these Exercises of Piety, and Penitence, which fitted them for the Blessed Sacrament at Easter. All Peo∣ple app••oach'd the Holy Table, and ce∣lebrated that Feast with renew'd Fer∣vour, which resembled the Spirit of Pri∣mitive Christianity.

But the chief Employment of Father Xavier,* 1.70 was to endeavour the Conver∣sion of the King of Ternate; commonly call'd King of the Molucca's. This Sara∣cen Prince, whose name was Cacil Aerio, was Son to King Boleife, and his Con∣cubine, a Mahometan, and Enemy to the Portuguese, whom Tristan d'Atayda Go∣vernour of Ternate, and Predecessour of Antonio Galvan, caus'd to be thrown out of a Window, to be reveng'd of her. This unworthy and cruel usage, might well exasperate Cacil; but fearing their power who had affronted him in the person of his Mother, and having the violent death of his Brothers before his eyes, he curb'd his resentments, and broke not out into the least complaint. The Portuguese mistrusted this over-acted moderation, and affected silence; and

according to the Maxim of those Polititi∣ans, who hold, that they who do the injury shou'd never pardon, they us'd him afterwards as a Rebel, and an Ene∣my, upon very light conjectures. Ior∣dan de Treïtas, then Governour of the Fortress of Ternata, a man as rash and imprudent, as Galvan was moderate and wise, seiz'd the person of the Prince, stript him of all the Ornaments of Roy∣alty, and sent him Prisoner to Goa, in the year 1546, with the Spanish Fleet, of which we have formerly made mention.

The Cause having been examin'd, in the Soveraign Tribunal of Goa, there was found nothing to condemn, but the injustice of Treïtas: Cacil was declar'd innocent; and the new Vice-Roy of the Indies, Don Iohn de Castro, sent him back to Ternata, with Orders to the Portugueses, to re-place him on the Throne, and pay him so much the more respect, by how much more they had injur'd him. As for Treïtas, he lost his Government, and being recall'd to Goa, was Imprison'd as a Criminal of State.

The King of Ternata was newly re∣stor'd, when Xavier came into the Isle for the second time. King Tabarigia, Son of Boleife, and Brother to Cacil,

had suffer'd the same ill fortune, some years before. Being accus'd of Felony, and having been acquitted at Goa, where he was Prisoner, he was also sent back to his Kingdom, with a splendid Equi∣page; and the equity of the Christians so wrought upon him, that he became a Convert before his departure.

Xavier was in hope, that the exam∣ple of Tabarigia, wou'd make an im∣pression on the Soul of Cacil, after his restoration; at least if any care were taken of instructing him. And the hopes of the Saint, seem'd not at the first to be ill grounded. For the Barbarian King receiv'd him with all civility, and was very affectionate to him, insomuch that he cou'd not be without his compa∣ny. He heard him speak of God, whole hours together; and there was great appearance, that he wou'd renounce the Mahometan Religion.

But the sweet Enchantments of the Flesh,* 1.71 are often an invinsible obstacle to the grace of Baptism. Besides a vast number of Concubines, the King of Ternata, had an hundred Women in his Palace, who retain'd the name and qua∣lity of Wives. To confine himself to one, was somewhat too hard to be di∣gested by him. And when the Father

endeavour'd to perswade him that the Law of God, did absolutely command it. He reason'd on his side, according to the Principles of his Sect, and refin'd upon it in this manner. The God of the Christians and of the Saracens is the same God: why then shou'd the Christians be confin'd to one only Wife, since God has permitted the Saracens to have so many.

Yet sometimes he chang'd his Lan∣guage; and said that he wou'd not lose his Soul, nor the friendship of Father Xavier, for so small a matter. But, in conclusion, not being able to contain himself, within the bounds of Christian purity, nor to make the Law of Iesus Christ agree with that of Mahomet; he continu'd fix'd to his pleasures, and ob∣stinate in his errours. Only he ingag'd his Royal word, that in case the Portu∣gueses, wou'd invest one of his Sons in the Kingdom of the Isles del Moro, he wou'd on that condition receive Baptism.

Father Xavier obtain'd from the Vice-Roy of the Indies, what ever the King of Ternate had desir'd; but the Barba∣rian, far from keeping his promise, be∣gan from thence-forward a cruel Perse∣cution against his Christian Subjects. And the first strokes of it, fell on the Queen Neachile, who was dispossess'd of

all her Lands, and reduc'd to live in ex∣tream poverty, during the remainder of her days. Her Faith supported her in these new misfortunes: And father Xa∣vier, who had baptis'd her, gave her so well to understand, how happy it was to lose all things, and to gain Christ, that she continually gave thanks to God, for the total overthrow of her Fortune.

In the mean time,* 1.72 the Labours of the Saint, were not wholly unprofitable in the Court of Ternate. He converted many persons of the Blood Royal; and a∣mongst others, two Sisters of the Prince, who preferr'd the quality of Christians, and Spouses of Christ Iesus, before all earthly Crowns; and chose rather to suffer the ill usage of their Brother, than to forsake their Faith.

Xavier,* 1.73 seeing the time of his depar∣ture drawing near, compos'd, in the Ma∣laya Tongue, a large Instruction, touch∣ing the Belief and Morals of Christianity. He gave the People of Ternate this In∣struction written in his own Hand, that it might supply his place during his ab∣sence. Many Copies were taken of it, which were spred about the neighbouring Islands, and even through the Countries of the East. It was read on Holidays, in the publick Assemblies; and the Faith∣ful

listen'd to it, as coming from the Mouth of the holy Apostle.

Besides this, he chose out, some ver∣tuous young Men, for his Companions in his Voyage to Goa, with design to breed them in the Colledge of the Com∣pany, and from thence send them back to the Moluccas, there to preach the Go∣spel. These things being thus order'd, and the Caracore, which was to carry him to Amboyna, in a readiness, it was in his thoughts to depart by night, in the most secret manner that he cou'd, not to sad∣den the Inhabitants, who cou'd not hear of his going from them, without a sensi∣ble affliction. But whatsoever precauti∣ons he took, he cou'd not steal away without their knowledge. They fol∣low'd him in Crowds to the Shore, Men, Women and Children, gathering about him, lamenting his loss, begging his Blessing, and beseeching him, with Tears in their Eyes, That since he was resolv'd on going he wou'd make a quick return.

* 1.74 The holy Man was not able to bear these tender farewels without melting in∣to Tears himself. His Bowels yern'd within him for his dear Flock: and see∣ing what affection those people bore him, he was concern'd lest his absence might prejudice their spiritual welfare. Yet

reassuring himself, by considering the Providence of God which had dispos'd of him another way; he enjoin'd them to meet in publick every day, at a certain Church, to make Repetition of the Chri∣stian Doctrine, and to excite each other to the practice of Vertue. He charg'd the new Converts to learn by Heart the Exposition of the Apostles Creed, which he had left with them in Writing: But that which gave him the greatest com∣fort, was, that a Priest, who was there present, promis'd him, to bestow two hours every day, in instructing the Peo∣ple; and once a week to perform the same to the Wives of the Portugueses, in expound∣ing to them the Articles of Faith, and in∣forming them concerning the use of the Sacraments.

After these last words, Father Xavier left his well-belov'd Children in Iesus, and immediately the Ship went off. At that instant, an universal cry was rais'd on the Shore; and that last adieu went even to the Heart of Father Xavier.

Being arriv'd at Amb••yn••, he there found four Portuguese Vessels, wherein were only Mariners and Souldiers, that is to say, a sort of people, ill instructed in the duties of Christianity, and little accustom'd to put them in practice, in

the continual hurry of their life. That they might profit by that leisure,* 1.75 which they then enjoy'd, he set up a small 〈◊〉〈◊〉 on the Sea-side, where he con∣vers'd with them, sometimes single, some∣times in common, concerning their eter∣nal welfare. The Discourses of the Saint, brought over the most debauch'd a∣mongst them; and one Souldier, who had been a Libertine all his life, dy'd with such evident signs of true Contri∣tion, that being expir'd, Father Xavier was heard to say, God be prais'd who has brought me hither, for the Salvation of that Soul: which caus'd people to be∣lieve, That God Almighty had made a Revelation of it to him.

By the same supernal illumination,* 1.76 he saw in spirit, one whom he had left in Ternate in the vigour of health, now ex∣piring in that place: for preaching one day, he broke off his Discourse sudden∣ly, and said to his Auditours, Recommend to God James Giles, who is now in the 〈…〉〈…〉 the news of his death, cam•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 long after, which entirely 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the words of Xavier.

The four Ships, continu'd at Amboyna, but twenty days; after which they set Sail towards Malacca. The Merchant-Ship, which was the best equipp'd, and

strongest of them, invited the Saint to imbark in her, but he refus'd, out of the horrour which he had for those enormous Crimes, which had been committed in her. And turning to Gonsalvo Fernan∣dez; This Ship, said he, will be in great danger, God deliver you out of it. Both the Prediction and the Wish of the Saint were accomplish'd; for the Ship at the passage of the Streight of Saban, struck against a hidden Rock, where the Iron-work of the Stern was broken; and lit∣tle wanted, but that the Vessel had been also split; but she escap'd that danger, and the rest of the Voyage was happily perform'd.

The Father staying some few days longer on the Isle, visited the seven Chri∣stian Villages which were there; caus'd Crosses to be set up in all of them, for the Consolation of the Faithful; and one of these Crosses, in process of time, became famous for a great Miracle, of which the whole Country was witness.

There was an extream drought,* 1.77 and a general dearth was apprehended. Cer∣tain Women, who before their Baptism were accustom'd to use Charms for Rain, being assembl'd round about an Idol, a∣dor'd the Devil, and perform'd all the Magick Ceremonies; but their Enchant∣ments

were of no effect. A devout Christian Woman, knowing what they were about, ran thither, and having sharply reprehended those impious Crea∣tures; As if, said she, having a Cross so near us we had no expectations of succour from it! and that the holy Father had not promis'd us, That whatsoever we pray'd for at the foot of that Cross, shou'd infallibly he granted. Upon this, she led those o∣ther Women towards a River-side, where Xavier had set up a Cross with his own Hands, and falling down with them be∣fore that sacred sign of our Salvation, she pray'd our Saviour, to give them Water, to the shame and confusion of the Idol. At the same moment the Clouds began to gather on every side, and the Rain pour'd down in great abun∣dance. Then, all in Company they ran to the Pagod, pull'd it down, and tram∣pled it under their Feet; after which they cast it into the River, with these ex∣pressions of contempt, That though they cou'd not obtain from him one drop of Wa∣ter, they wou'd give him enough in a whole River.

A Faith thus lively,* 1.78 answer'd the hopes which the Saint had conceiv'd, of the Faithful of Amboyna. He com∣par'd them sometimes, to the Primi∣tive

Christians; and believ'd their con∣stancy was of proof against the cruel∣ty of Tyrants. Neither was he de∣ceiv'd in the judgement he made of them: and they shew'd themselves, when the Iaveses, provok'd, by their renouncing the Law of Mahomet, came to invade their Island. While the Sa∣racene Army destroy'd the Country, six hundred Christians retir'd into a Castle, where they were presently be∣sieg'd. Though they were to fear all things, from the fury of the Barba∣rians, yet what they only apprehend∣ed, was that those Enemies of Iesus Christ, might exercise their malice against a Cross, which was rais'd in the midst of all the Castle; and which Father Xa∣vier had set up with his own hands.

To preserve it therefore, inviolable from their attempts; they wrapt it up in Cloath of Gold, and buried it in the bottom of the Ditch.

After they had thus secur'd their treasure, they open'd the gate to the Unbelievers, who knowing what had been done by them, ran immediate∣ly in search of the Cross, to revenge upon it the contempt which had been shown to Mahomet. But not being a∣ble to find it, they turn'd all their fu∣ry

upon those who had conceal'd it, and who wou'd not discover where it was.

Death, seem'd to have been the least part of what they suffer'd. The Mahometan Souldiers cut off one Man's Leg, another's Arm, tore out this Man's eves, and the others tongue. So, the Ch••••stians dyed by degrees; and by a slow destruction; but without drawing one sigh, or casting out a groan, or shewing the least apprehen∣sion; so stro••gly were they support∣ed in their Souls, by the all-power∣full grace of Iesus Christ, for whom they suffer'd.

Xavier at length parted from Am∣boyna; and probably it was then, if we consider the sequel of his Life, that he had the opportunity of making the Voyage of Macassar.

For though it be not certainly known, at what time he visited that great I∣sland, nor the fruit which his Labours there produc'd; 'tis undoubted that he has been there; and in confirmation of it, we have, in the process of his Canoni∣zation, the juridical Testimony of a Portuguese Lady, of Malacca, call'd Iane Melo; who had many times heard from the Princess Eleonor, Daughter to the

King of Macassar, that the Holy Apostle, had Baptis'd the King her Father, the Prince her Brother, and a great num∣ber of their Subjects.

But at whatsoever time he made this Voyage, he return'd to Malacca, in the Month of Iuly, in the year 1547.

The End of the Third Book.

Notes

• * 1.1

  He writes into Europe for a supply of 〈◊〉〈◊〉
• * 1.2

  The Saints Letter to the Doctours of Sorbonne.
• * 1.3

  Ambassadours from the Isle of Manar to the Saint.
• * 1.4

  He sends a Mis∣sioner to the Isle of Manar.
• * 1.5

  ••he constancy of he Christians ••f Manar.
• * 1.6

  A miraculous C••••ss, and its effects.
• * 1.7

  The Enterprise of Xavier a∣gainst the Per∣secutour.
• * 1.8

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.9

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.10

  His Letter to the King of Portugal.
• * 1.11

  〈◊〉〈◊〉 success of the Voyage un∣detaken by Michael Vaz.
• * 1.12

  He converts a debauch'd Por∣tuguese.
• * 1.13

  He ingages the Viceroy of the Indies to make War on the King of Jafa∣natapan.
• * 1.14

  Divers Pre∣dictions of the Saint.
• * 1.15

  Candè is a Kingdom in the I••land of Cey∣lan.
• * 1.16

  He goes to joyn the Portuguese Fleet, and rai∣ses one from the dead.
• * 1.17

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.18

  The Enterprise of ••afanatapan defeated.
• * 1.19

  He designs the Voyage of Ma∣cassar; and the Conversion of many King∣doms.
• * 1.20

  He 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to the Sepulchre of St. Thomas, to consult 〈◊〉〈◊〉, con∣cerning his Voy∣age to Macas∣sar.
• * 1.21

  What happen'd to him in his passage to Me∣liapor.
• * 1.22

  He comes to Meliapor, the Monuments which he there finds of the A∣postle St. Tho∣mas.
• * 1.23

  He is th•• ••••∣ten'd by D••••il••, and afterwards beaten by them.
• * 1.24

  He lea••ns the Will ••f God 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his des••••n.
• * 1.25

  The Conversions which he makes at Meliapor.
• * 1.26

  He bring•• a great sinner to Repentance.
• * 1.27

  Divers wonder∣ful events which encrease his Fame.
• * 1.28

  or Beads.
• * 1.29

  He pe••swades a ri••h Mer∣chant to Evan∣gelical perfecti∣on.
• * 1.30

  The new Con∣vert falls from grace, and be∣comes suspected to the Saint.
• * 1.31

  His Charity to to a Souldier, who ha•• lost all his Money at Play.
• * 1.32

  He arrives at Mal••cca, a di∣gression conce••n∣it.
• * 1.33

  In what condi∣tion he found the Town; and what he did in order to reform it.
• * 1.34

  He labours with success at Ma∣lacca.
• * 1.35

  Hee 〈◊〉〈◊〉 a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Mu••.
• * 1.36

  He recei••es Letters from E••rope, by th•• new▪ Missi••ners, who are sent him.
• * 1.37

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.38

  He fore••nows, and foretels the ruin of Malac∣ca.
• * 1.39

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.40

  He arrives at Amboyna: What he per∣forms there.
• * 1.41

  He 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Idol••ter•• and Moors of Am∣boyna.
• * 1.42

  A Spanish Fleet arrives at Amboyna.
• * 1.43

  〈…〉〈…〉 the Spanish 〈◊〉〈◊〉, during the 〈…〉〈…〉 them.
• * 1.44

  He passes into divers I••lands.
• * 1.45

  He recovers his Crucifix, which was fallen into the Sea.
• * 1.46

  He foretells the holy death of a new Convert.
• * 1.47

  He goes to the I••land of Ulate and the Miracle there wrought by him.
• * 1.48

  He goes to the Molucca's.
• * 1.49

  What happens t•• him in his way.
• * 1.50

  He 〈…〉〈…〉 John Ar••••s.
• * 1.51

  He makes many Converts at Ternate.
• * 1.52

  Conve••si••n of a Queen at Ter∣nate.
• * 1.53

  H•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 del Moro.
• * 1.54

  Great endea∣vours are us'd▪ to dissuade the Saint from go∣ing▪ to the Isles del M••ro.
• * 1.55

  He complains of those, who make opposition to his Voyage to the I••le del Moro.
• * 1.56

  He goes for the I••le del Moro; and wr••tes to Rome.
• * 1.57

  God reveals to to him, what is doing in a di∣stant I••land.
• * 1.58

  H•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 at del Moro, 〈…〉〈…〉 it.
• * 1.59

  He gains the Inhabitants of the Isle del Moro.
• * 1.60

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.61

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.62

  He exhorts them to repen∣t••n••e.
• * 1.63

  He says Mass in the midst of an Earthquake.
• * 1.64

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.65

  He is persecu∣ted by a cruel and salvage People.
• * 1.66

  His sufferings in the I••le d••l Moro; and the consolations which he there receiv'd.
• * 1.67

  He goes for Goa; and the reason that in∣duc'd him.
• * 1.68

  He returns to Ternate.
• * 1.69

  His proceedings at Ternate.
• * 1.70

  He endeavours the Conversion of the King of Ternate.
• * 1.71

  What hinder'd the King of Ternata's Con∣version.
• * 1.72

  He labours with great fruit, in the Court of Ternate.
• * 1.73

  He leaves to the Islanders a Christian In∣struction writ∣ten with his own Hand.
• * 1.74

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.75

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.76

  〈…〉〈…〉
• * 1.77

  A Cross erected by Xavier be∣comes famous.
• * 1.78

  〈…〉〈…〉