The institution, laws & ceremonies of the most noble Order of the Garter collected and digested into one body by Elias Ashmole ...

CHAP. XXI. THE ORDER OF THE Ceremonies ON THE Feast Day. (Book 21)

SECT. I. The Proceeding to the Chappel in the Morning.

ALbeit the Celebrations of the Feast of St. George take up three days inclusively, that is to say, part of the 22. all the 23. and part of the 24. days of April; yet the 23. day [the day of St. George] is the Grand day, wherein the chiefest and most solemn Ceremonies are celebrated; all things being set forth after the noblest order that can be devised, for the greater honor and lustre of this Princely and Ancient Order of the Garter.

The Ceremonies of this Grand day may be divided, into Sacred and Civil; the former solemnized in the Chappel, the latter in St. George's Hall. The Sacred (as is most requisite) are first celebrated; in reference to which, the Knights-Compa∣nions then present at Windesor, repair to the Soveraign in his Privy Lodgings, about the hour he had appointed them the night before, vested in the whole Habit of the Order; and thither also repair all the Officers of the Order.

In the mean time, the rest of the Degrees and Persons, which compleated the Proceeding to the Chappel, on the Eve of the Grand Feast (and before remembred) do repair to the several stations that were then appointed for them, and there attend the Soveraign's coming forth into the Chamber of Presence, viz.

The Attendants on the Knights-Companions	To the Passage from the Guard-Chamber door, down into the Cloister and upper Ward.
Alms-Knights and Prebends Into the Guard-Chamber.	Officers of Arms Into the Presence.

And in these several places, do they all rank themselves, in the very same Order, as is before set down, and directed to be observed on the Eve.

Here it will be proper to note, that though the Serjeant Trumpeter, and the Trumpets, do not pass in this Proceeding, nor in that on the Eve; yet at the Feast held an. 23 Car. 2. they stood ranked one by one, when the Proceeding came forth of the great Gate, in the Upper Court to Morning Service, on the right hand against the Wall, but ••ounded not.

When the Soveraign (having the Knights-Companions, and Officers of the Order before him) hath entred the Presence, the Sword is delivered to the Noble∣man appointed to bear it; and after the Soveraigns usual Salutation, and Knights-Companions Reverences returned, the whole Proceeding sets forward towards the Chappel in the same Order, as on the Eve; the Knights-Companions having their Trains born by some of their own Gentlemen.

At the a 1.1 foot of the Stairs, entring the Cloyster or Stone-Gallery, do b 1.2 twelve Gentlemen of the Privy-Chamber attend, with a rich Canopy of Cloth of Gold; who, when the Soveraign approacheth receive him under it, and bear it over his head, c 1.3 until he arriv•• at the Choire Door of St. George's Chappel; and this Canopy is carried over the Soveraign only in the Morning of the Feast Day, not in the Afternoon, nor on the Eve, nor the Day after the Feast.

The Processional way to the Chappel, is the same they traversed on the Eve, if the Soveraign and Knights-Companions march to the Chapter-House first; for d 1.4 anciently it was the Custom to hold a Chapter in the Morning of the Feast Day, either before Mattins, and sometimes when e 1.5 Mattins was finished before the Grand Procession set ••orward. This course received interruption in Queen Elizabeths time; during which no Chapter was held in the Morning, but in the f 1.6 26. g 1.7 31. &h 1.8 38. years of her Reign, and then only for admitting of some of the Officers of the Order. But the time of holding this Chapter, was restored by King Charls the First, who several times held it before the first Service began, as in the i 1.9 5. k 1.10 14. & l 1.11 15. Years of his Reign.

But if no Chapter be at this time held, then as soon as the Proceeding comes near to the Chappel, instead of entring the passage between the East end of the Chappel, and King Henry the Eighth's Tomb-House, (as it doth on the Eve, because the Soveraign goes first to the Chapter-House) it proceedeth straight on to the South Door of the Chappel, and thence into the Choire. Yet the pre∣sent Soveraign An. 15. of his Reign, appointed the whole Proceeding to pass by the said South Door, along the Southside of the Chappel, and then to enter in at the West Door, which was then, and since, so observed.

When the Alms-Knights are come to the West Door of the Choire, they en∣ter, and pass up above the steps to the Altar, in the very same manner and Or∣der, as is at large described and mentioned to be observed, upon the entry of the Proceeding into the Choire, on the Eve of the Feast.

Then do the Prebends take their Seats, and

The Officers of Arms pass to the Haut Pas's of the Altar.

After this, the Knights-Companions proceed, and stand before their Stalls.

The Officers of the Order before their Forms, and

The Soveraign ascends his Royal Seat, as also

The Knights-Companions their Stalls.

Then the Prelate, conducted by the Serjeant of the Vestry, goes up to the Altar,

The Officers of Arms descend into the Choire, and lastly

The Alms-Knights retire to their Seats.

All which being done, the Prelate begins the Morning Service; wherein he proceeds according to the order prescribed in the Book of Common Prayer, save only that the first Lesson, being made proper to the Festival, is taken out of the 44 Chapter of Ecclesiasticus.

This solemn Proceeding to the Chappel in the Morning of the Feast day, is, and hath been most usually performed on Foot; nevertheless sometimes heretofore, the Soveraign and Knights-Companions have proceeded on Horseback, to enlarge the state and gallantry of the show.

For it is remembred, that an. m 1.12 16. E. 4. the Feast of St. George being then celebrated at Windesor, the Soveraign and Knights-Companions n 1.13 rode to the Chappel on Horseback, to hear Mass that morning: and with them also rode the o 1.14 Queen, the Lady Elizabeth the King's Daughter, and the Dutchess of Suffolk the King's Sister, the Lady Marchioness Mountague, the Marchioness Dorset, and divers other Ladies, in p 1.15 Gowns embroidered with Garters; concerning which Habit we have q 1.16 already spoken.

So also r 1.17 an. 3. H. 7. on the Morning of the Feast-day, did the Soveraign and Knights-Companions proceed on Horseback to Matins, with equal splendor, or rather more glorious, than on the Eve to the first Vespers: For the Knights-Companions were vested in Surcoats of * 1.18 White Cloth, embroidered with Garters, (the Livery of the new year) the Kings Courser was trapped with a Trapper of St. George, of white Cloth of Gold, and the Lord Berners bare the King's Sword, his Courser being trapped with St. Edward's Arms. This Proceeding was aug∣mented by the presence of the s 1.19 Queen, and the Kings Mother, attended with a splendid Train of Ladies, and others that waited on them, themselves being at∣tired in the Livery of the Order, and their Horses most richly accoutred with Foot-Cloths, Trappings, and all other Furniture correspondant, in like State as on the Eve. Again, in the 20 year of the same Soveraign, who then held the Feast of St. George at t 1.20 Baynards Castle in London, he proceeded on Horseback to St. Paul's Church (in like order as on the Evening before) where he heard Ma∣tins. And King Henry the Eighth, at the Feast held at Windesor in the u 1.21 11. year of his Reign, rode with the Knights-Companions, about eight a Clock in the morn∣ing, down to the Colledge to hear Mattins, in like manner as on the Eve, and alighted at the South door of the Chappel. The like did w 1.22 King Philip an. 1. & 2. Ph. & Mar. And Queen * 1.23 Elizabeth in the sixth year of her Reign, proceeded also on Horseback to the Morning Service, in her whole Habit of the Order.

Lastly, an. 6. Eliz. the x 1.24 Soveraign in the whole Habit of the Order (the French Ambassador riding neer her) and all the Knights-Companions with the Officers of the Order, and Officers of Arms, proceeded on y 1.25 Horseback to the Chappel on the Morning of the Feast-day. And in like manner did the Soveraign's Lieute∣nant, at the same Feast, ride to the z 1.26 first and second Vespers, and to the Morning Service the day after the Feast.

It was a Custom begun by Queen Elizabeth, and used when she celebrated the Feast of St. George, either at Whitehall or Greenwich, for the a 1.27 Soveraign's Lieu∣tenant and the Knights-Companions in full Robes, attended with the Officers of the Order and of Arms, to b 1.28 meet in the Presence-Chamber, (about 9 a Clock in the Morning of the Feast day) and thence to c 1.29 proceed as they did the Evening before, through the Guard-Chamber down into the Great Hall, and thence into the Chappel, where they took their Stalls as on the Eve; after which, d 1.30 Morning Prayer, according to the order established in the Church of England, was begun and continued so far as the Letany; and this was called the e 1.31 first Service; which done, they all descended from their Stalls, in the accustomed order, and f 1.32 pro∣ceeded back to the Presence, in the same manner, and by the same way as they went to the Chappel, and there waited the coming of the Soveraign; before whom they proceeded a second time to the Choire, where the Letany and Grand Proces∣sion begun, (called the g 1.33 second Service) at which the Soveraign was usually pre∣sent, but never at the first Service.

And the first memorial that we have met with, of this double proceed∣ing to the Chappel in the Morning of the Feast-day, is re∣corded in the h 1.34 Blue Book of the Order, an. 3. Eliz. And this double Proceeding and dividing of the Service, continued throughout the Reigns of Queen Elizabeth and King Iames, not only when the Feast of St. George was celebrated at Whitehall or Greenwich, an. i 1.35 7.8.10.12.13.14. and 16. Iac. R. but also an. k 1.36 15. l 1.37 20. m 1.38 21. and n 1.39 22. of the same Sove∣raign, when solemnized at Windesor, and also the o 1.40 first year of King Charles the First. But from that time, the Soveraign

went to the Chappel to the p 1.41 beginning of Divine Service, and the celebration thereof continued on, without any interruption, to the end; and this latter Custom hath been ever since duly observed by the present Soveraign.

But when it was known (before the Lieutenant proceeded to the first Service) that the Soveraign did not go the Grand Procession, (as, when either through indisposition of Body, or some other occasion, she could not come abroad) there the Service being begun, continued; and at the usual time the Grand Procession began, wherein the Soveraigns place was supplied by the Lieutenant.

Nevertheless once we observe, that the Soveraigns Lieutenant, at the q 1.42 finish∣ing of the first service, proceeded back to the Soveraign's Lodgings (the Feast being then kept at Windesor) not knowing of the Soveraigns indisposition, which understanding to be such, as permitted him not to go in the Grand Proceeding, he with the rest of the Knights-Companions, r 1.43 returned to the Chappel a second time, to celebrate the rest of that Mornings Ceremonies.

SECT. II. The Proceeding to the second Service.

BUT when the Feast hath been celebrated elsewhere than at Windesor, as soon as the Prelate was come down from the Altar, upon finishing the first Service, the Knights-Companions a 1.44 descended from their Stalls in usual order, and then the b 1.45 Soveraign's Lieutenant, with the Officers of the Order, and of Arms, pro∣ceeded before him to the c 1.46 Presence, to conduct the Soveraign to the second Service. This second Proceeding to the Chappel was disposed in the d 1.47 same order, as was that in the Morning to the first Service; only, in the latter, because the Soveraign proceeded, the Sword also was carried. Here follows a Scheme of one of these Proceedings, viz. an. 19. Eliz.

e 1.48Pursuivants. Heralds. Provincial Kings.

f 1.49 Lord Howard of Effingham.	—
—	Earl of Penbroke.
—	Earl of Worcester.
—	Earl of Bedford.
Lord Viscount Mountague.	Earl of Leicester.
Lord Clynton.	Earl of Sussex.

The Vsher.	Mr. Dean of Windesor, in place of the Register.	Garter.
One Gent. Vsher.	The Bishop of Winchester. Sword, born by the Earl of Southampton.	One Gent. Vsher.

The Soveraign.

g 1.50 The Earl of Ormond (on the left hand) assisted the Robe on her shoulder.	The Earl of Rutland (on the right hand) assisted the Robe on her shoulder.
The Train of the Robe born by the Earl of Oxford,
The Train of her Kirtle by the Countess of Derby.

The Processional way from the Presence to the Chappel at Whitehall, is at this time, the same as it was in the Morning to the first Service, viz. through the G••••rd-Chamber and Great Hall. And as soon as the Soveraign and Knights-Com∣panions had ascended their Stalls, after the usual manner, in the g 1.51 3. h 1.52 4. and i 1.53 5. years of Queen Eliz. a Psalm was sung (the Feast being celebrated those years at Whitehall, at the ending of which) the Knights-Companions descended, and stood before their Stalls, and then the Grand Procession began.

Sometime afterwards, as an. 18. & 19. Eliz. instead of a Psalm an k 1.54 Anthem was sung by the Choire, in praise of the Soveraign's presence there, with her Knights-Companions; which custom of singing an Anthem immediately before the Grand Procession, was observed an. l 1.55 9. m 1.56 14. & n 1.57 16. Iac. R. and probably theuse conti∣nued long after.

But an. 4. Eliz. by reason that the Soveraign was not well, she somewhat al∣tered the usual processional way to the Chappel, proceeding from the Presence, o 1.58 first to the great Closet, where she reposed her self, while the Choire was making ready to advance in the Grand Procession; and when the Soveraign was gone in∣to the Closet, the Lieutenant and Knights-Companions leaving her there, p 1.59 pro∣ceeded through the great Hall into the Chappel, where they took their Stalls in due and solemn order, while the Choire sung a Psalm. After which the Letany begun, and then the Knights-Companions descended from their Stalls in usual or∣der, and q 1.60 went the next way up to the Closet, having the Officers of the Order and of Arms before them; where waiting the Soveraign's coming forth, they returned before her again to the Chappel (the Choire having by that time ad∣vanced forward in the Grand Procession) and proceeded through the body thereof.

SECT. III. Of the Grand Procession.

WE are now arrived at the Grand Procession of this Noble Order, which is indeed the most solemn and most illustrious part of the whole Ceremony; to usher in the state and magnificence whereof, it seems here both proper and necessary, to premise somewhat concerning Procession in general, and by reason of their correspondency, to say something of Triumphs, Cavalcades, and Eccle∣siastical Proceedings; those glorious and pompous Solemnities, which the wis∣dom of all Ages, and custom in most parts of the World for all, or in all parts for some, have thought most necessary to exhibit upon particular and remarka∣ble Occasions.

Procession is so called as it were * 1.61 progressio à procedendo in publicam. The original of Processions some deduce from the ancient Iews in the Old Testament; and well may we do so too, since we observe the Israelites removal from Sinai to Paran, was a 1.62 according to the commandment of God, and the order and manner of their Proceeding thus recorded.

b 1.63 First went the Standard of the Camp of the Children of Iudah, where Nah∣shon the Son of A••inadab commanded in Chief.

Next that of Issachar.

Thirdly, that of Zebulon: and after these

The Tabernacle born by the Sons of Gershon and Merari.

Then followed the Standards of Ruben, Simeon, and Gad: and after them,

The Kohathites bearing the Sanctuary.

Afterwards the Standards of the Camps of Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin: And lastly in the Rere came

The Standards of Dan, Asher, and Naphtali.

A second and most solemn Proceeding we have in the Book of c 1.64 Ioshua, at the famous encompassing the Walls of Iericho; where d 1.65 first the Army proceeded on before the seven Priests, who sounded the seven Trumpets of Rams horns, then the Ark of the Covenant of the Lord followed them, and lastly the Rere came after the Ark.

Again, when the e 1.66 Ark was fetched from Kiriath Iearim by David, unto the House of Obed Edom, it was brought thither with great Ceremony, the King, and all Israel joining with him in the Procession: And to be more particular as to the order thereof, David himself informs us out of the 67. Psalm (which most Interpreters agree to be penn'd upon this solemn occasion) that in this Proceed∣ing, f 1.67 The Singers went before, the Minstrels followed after, and in the midst were the Damsels playing with the Timbrels. Moreover, for the setting forth of this Solemnity and celebration of the glory of God, not only vocal Musick [Psalms] namely the 47. and 67. Psalms, as the Rabins are of opinion, were composed and sung; but Musical Instruments to the honor of God, were also introduced, g 1.68 even all Instruments made of Fir Wood. h 1.69 And David and all Israel played be∣fore God, with all their might, and with singing, and with Harps, and with Psal∣teries, and with Timbrels, and with Cymbals, and with Trumpets. All which is not only our Warrant but Precedent.

Now in respect of the correspondence and alliance between the State of Pro∣cessions and Triumphs, and that a Triumph seems but to be a Military Procession, We think it not amiss in speaking of Processions to divide them into Military, Ci∣vil, and Ecclesiastical: Under the Military may best be comprehended Triumphs, and the Transvection of the Roman Knights; under the Civil, the pompous En∣tries or Cavalcades of Princes, into or through any great City; and the Ecclesi∣astical are those generally so called, wherein the Church proceeds upon a solemn account of Supplication or Thanksgiving: To all which, in the last place, shall follow the order of the Grand Procession of this most Noble Order; which in reference to the Degrees of the Persons appearing therein, is composed of a mixture of such as are to be seen in each of the three former.

* 1.70It is evident enough out of the sacred Story, that Triumphs were of ancient time celebrated after the obtaining Victory over Enemies; and the Triumphal Songs of i 1.71 Moses, made upon the destruction of Pharaoh and his Armies in the Red Sea, and of k 1.72 Deborah and Barak, after the discomfiture of Sisera and Iabin, seem to inform us so much. But a more particular account of a Triumph, with the order of Proceeding, is recorded in the second Book of the l 1.73 Chronicles, where Iehosaphat having taken the spoil of the Children of Ammon and Moab, it is said, that m 1.74 every man of Judah and Jerusalem returned, and Jehosaphat in the forefront of them, to go again to Jerusalem with joy; and they came to Jerusalem with Psalteries, and Harps, and Trumpets, unto the House of the Lord.

Besides the ancient Iews, the Grecians and Romans did oftentimes, upon the gaining of signal Victories, ordain and celebrate Triumphs; which led to their Temples, where Sacrifices were made, and there the Solemnity terminated.

It is a received opinion, that n 1.75 Bacchus first triumphed after his Victory over the Indians; and that at Rome, Romulus was the first, who, at his return to the City, after a Victory, sending his captived Enemies before, himself followed on foot, and after him marched the whole Army in due order.

o 1.76 But it is thought by some, that there was never any absolute Triumph cele∣brated at Rome, till the time of Tarquinius Priscus, who triumpht over the Sa∣bins, and ancient Latines, as p 1.77 Plinius secundus relates, and subdued 12 several Nations of the Tuscii. And thence first came the q 1.78 Fasces, the Trabeae, the Sellae curules, the Annuli, the Phalerae, the Paludamenta, the Praetexta, the Currus Tri∣umphalis, drawn with four Horses, the Togae pictae, the Tunicae palmatae, and all other Ensigns of Triumph, mentioned by r 1.79 Lucius Florus.

As concerning the word, t 1.80 Varro affirms that Triumphare hath its appellation, for that such of the Souldiers as returned with the Emperor, all the way as they marched from their very entrance into the City, unto the Capital, used to cry out unto him in his passage, with a loud voice, Iò triumphe, Iò.

This u 1.81 Triumph was the highest honor the Roman City could bestow, and given to a General when he had gain'd a Victory, with little loss to his own Army, and great loss to the Enemy: And among the Roman Writers w 1.82 Valerius Maxi∣mus observes, that it was provided by Law, that none should have a Triumph granted, but upon the slaughter of 5000 of the Enemy in Battel.

These Triumphs were either x 1.83 Triumphi minores, termed also Ovations, or Ma∣jores, which were perfect and entire Triumphs. In Ovations (granted upon put∣ting an Enemy to flight without effusion of blood, or obtaining a Victory against an Enemy of mean quality, as Slaves, Pirates, or the like) y 1.84 the General either went on foot, or was drawn through the City with one Horse only, and conduct∣ed to the Capital by Plebeians, or at most by Roman Knights; the Sacrifice was only of Sheep, and thence called Ovation; whereas in a just and compleat Triumph, the General was drawn in a Triumphal Chariot by four White Horses, and conducted into the Capital by the whole Senate going before him, and the Sacrifice was of Oxen. Moreover in an Ovation the General wore a plain z 1.85 purple Gown without any Gold or embroidery, and a Garland of Myrtle; but in the greater Triumph (called properly Triumphus) he wore the Trabe••, or Garment of State, and had his Temples adorned with a Wreath of Laurel.

What the order and state of these Triumphs were, will partly appear by the description at large of that famous Triumph of Scipio the elder, out of Appia∣nus Alexandrinus: But for a general description of a Roman Triumph, it is best seen from Onuphrius Panvinius, who hath most accurately collected it out of a 1.86 Dio¦nisius Halicarnassaeus, b 1.87 Valerius Maximus, c 1.88 Iosephus de bello Iudaico, d 1.89 Plutarch, the aforesaid e 1.90 Appianus Alexandrinus and others.

And to perpetuate the memory of these glorious shows to posterity, and cause them not only to outlive the triumphal day, but also that Age; The Romans in publick places of the City erected Statues, Columes, and Arches; and caused the memorials thereof to be inscribed on Marbles, &c. We also meet with great va∣riety of emblematical Devices referring hereunto, in the Roman Coyns, both of Gold, Silver, and Brass, as will appear out of Hubertus Gol••zius, Antonius Augu∣stinus, Franciscus Angelonus, Octavianus Strado, Adolphus Occo, and divers others, who have illustrated that Subject. Which Custom being revived, hath been of∣ten used (especially in this and the last Century) among the European Princes; in the former of which f 1.91 Iohannes Iacobus Luckius affords us variety of Examples, among those which he calls the Nummi Triumphales.

And for a description in painting, there is now to be seen in the Soveraign's Gallery at Hampton Court in large pieces, the Triumphs of Caesar, done with great Art by the famous and admirable Painter Andrea Montegua, which are al∣so extant of g 1.92 his own Engraving.

But to remember somewhat else, which more particularly sutes with those Pro∣ceedings of the Soveraign and Knights-Companions of the most Noble Order of the Garter, especially when celebrated on Horseback; we shall bring hither a pro∣spect of the stately Transvection or Cavalcade of the Equestrian Order among the Romans, annually celebrated in Rome, on the Quintilian Ides, which answers to our 15. day of Iuly, concerning which, Dionysius Halicarnasseus affords this com∣mendation, that h 1.93 certainly it was a gallant sight, and worthy the greatness of the Empire.

This solemn show was first instituted by i 1.94 Q. Fabius, that the pomp and glory of the Equestrian Order, might thereby be the more fully observed; not for mu∣stering the Knights before the Censors, who were thereupon to note their defects or neglects; for that was done at another time of the year, namely, on the 18. Calends of October, and the 18. Calends of December, as may be seen among Gru∣ters Inscriptions in a Marble Table of the m 1.95 Kalendar of the Roman Fasts pub∣lished by Cn. Flavius, and mentioned by n 1.96 Pliny; which Table was, at the time that Gruter published his work, in the House of Cardinal Mapheus.

The occasion of its Institution, the foresaid o 1.97 Dionysius Halicarnasseus doth refer to the honor of Castor and Pollux, in memory of a Victory, which the Romans had obtained over the Latines, neer the Lake Regilius, in the 357. year after

the Foundation of the City; where those two Gods seemed to lead on and as∣sist the Roman Army against the Latines, and when the Victory was gained va∣nished out of sight; but immediately appeared to the Roman Citizens in the Fo∣rum at Rome, in that very place thereof, where afterwards the Temple (dedica∣ted to their Names) was erected, and in the Habit of Knights on Horseback; who having told the News of the foresaid Victory, forthwith disappeared, and were no more seen.

Now the manner and order of this gallant Transvection, is likewise thus re∣lated by the said learned Author, the p 1.98 Sacrifice was first performed by the chief of the Equestrian Order, which being finished, all the Knights who had Horses bestowed on them at the publick charge, (distinguished by Tribes and Centuries rode in order, as returning from Battel) crowned with Olive Leaves, and ap∣parelleled in Purple Mantles, embroidered with branches of Palms, the Sym∣bol of Victory. The beginning of this solemn show being made from the Temple of Mars, erected without the City (others say, from the Temple of Honor) and thence (leaving the other parts of the City) they rode through the Forum, and passing by the before mentioned Temple of Castor and Pollux, proceeded to the Capitol. They were sometimes not less than 5000 Knights in this Proceeding; and as an augmentation of their honor, they carried and ex∣hibited to view, whatsoever had been bestowed on them by their Commanders, as the reward of Valour in fight.

Turnebus explicating a piece of Iulius Capitolinus in q 1.99 Antonini Philosophi vita, is of opinion, r 1.100 That this gallant Cavalcade was led on by an eminent Comman∣der, who was called Sevir, whom he there interprets to be the chief of the six Classes of Knights, in such manner that every Classis had his Sevir; they relating as we suppose to the six ancient Decuriae of Knights, instituted by Romulus, viz. the Rhamnenses, Tatienses, and Luceres, all three being a little after doubled, and so became six: For the said Author having (s 1.101 in another place) mentioned these very six Decuriae, he also saith, They who commanded them were called Seviri. Now Mar. Aur. Antoninus, whom Capitolinus saith, was then created, t 1.102 Sevir of the Troops of the Roman Knights, had been before by Antoninus Pius, designed Con∣sul with himself; whence it is very apparent, that the dignity of Sevir was most honorable and eminent, since it was placed upon a Consul, and had the com∣mand of all the Roman Cavalry.

In the year after Christ 1578. there was a Marble digg'd up in Saint Peters Church at Rome, whose Inscription (taken by Ios. Castalio) doth relate to such a Commander, and was this.

• u 1.103C. POMPVSIDIO
• FABIO
• FRATERNO
• X. VIR w 1.104 STL. IVD.
• VI. VIR.
• EQVITVM. ROMANOR.

Vrsinus hath also transmitted to posterity an Inscription of one of the Eque∣strian Order, yet but a very young Knight; who having received the honor of a publick Horse, he also rode in this famous Cavalcade before he was a man; for he lived not beyond the age of 16 years. The Inscribed stone is noted by x 1.105 Ia∣nus Gruterus to be in a private House at Montefiasco y 1.106 DIIS MANIBVS
SEX. GAVI. SEX. F.
PROCVLI.
VIX. AN. XVI. EQVO PVBLICO
TRANSVECTVS EST.

To conclude, this grand Ceremony is mentioned also by Pliny, who speak∣ing of the Olive, saith, z 1.107 The Roman Majesty did afford great honor to the Olive, crowning therewith the Troops of the Knights in the Ides of July. As also by Sue∣tonius, who writing of Augustus saith, that * 1.108 He frequently reviewed the Troops of the Knights, reviving the custom of Transvection on Horseback, after a long in∣terruption.

The Civil Processions or Cavalcades,* 1.109 are the solemn Entries of Princes, into, or riding through any great City, which in all Ages have been set forth, with exceeding state and Pomp; being for the most part solemnized (especially in these latter Ages) at Inaugurations, Interviews, and Marriages of Emperors, Kings, and great Estates: as also at the Entries of Ambassadours, and upon such like extraordinary occasions, of which a few Instances.

a 1.110 Alexander the Great after the taking of Arbella, proceeded on towards Ba∣bylon, and upon his approach to the City, had it surrendred to him in a sup∣pliant manner by Mazaeus, a person of very great Fame and Eminency among the Babylonians; by whose Example many went forth to meet him, amongst whom b 1.111 Bagaphanes the Kings Treasurer and Governour of the Castle, that he might not come short of Mazaeus in his respect to Alexander, strewed all the way with Flowers and Garlands, and on each side thereof were placed Altars of Silver, which fumed with Frankinsence and all manner of Odors. After him followed divers great Presents, droves of Cattel and of Horses, Lyons also and Leopards were brought forth in Coops, after these came the Chalde∣ans, and both the Poets and Artificers of the Babylonians, with a sort of Musi∣cal Instruments, wherewith they were wont to sing forth the praises of their Kings; the Chaldeans, describing the motions of the Stars and the vicissitudes of times; next the Babylonian Troops, so richly adorned both Men and Horses, that it inclined rather to Luxury, then Magnificence. Lastly the King himself came attended with his Life-Guard, and ordered the multitude of Cittizens to fol∣low after in the Rear of his Foot, entring the City in his Charriot.

We might here extend our observation to the Entrance of our Saviour into Ierusalem: at which, c 1.112 the multitude spread their Garments in the way for him to ride on, (a Rite ordinary among the Iews, at the Inauguration of a King, as we find the d 1.113 Captains did when Iehu was proclaimed King) and they e 1.114 that went before, and that followed after cryed Hosanna, that being the solemn form of Acclamations, used by this people, especially f 1.115 in the Feast of Tabernacles.

How sumptuous and stately the Ceremonies used in this last Age are, to set forth and adorn the Cavalcades and Grand Proceedings among the Astatick Prin∣ces (who very much exceed in this kind of Pomp and Magnificence) may be conceived from that which Io. Albert Mandeslo relates, in his g 1.116 Travels into the Indies, concerning the King of Siam's annual Procession in October, both by Land and Water, through his principal City (seated in an Island on the River Menam) to one of his Chief Mosqueys; the greatness whereof deserves particu∣lar relation, and is thus set down by him.

h 1.117 In the head of this Procession march about 200. Elephants, each of them carrying three Armed Men; then come the Musick, consisting of Hoboyes, Tabours and Cimbals; next come about a thousand men compleatly Armed, divided into se∣veral Companies that have their Colours and Banners. Next to these follow the Noblemen of the Kingdom on Horseback, and amongst them, many with Crowns of Gold upon their heads, each attended with a Train of fourscore or a hundred per∣sons on foot. Betwixt these Noblemen and the Life-Guard, march two hundred Souldiers, Japoneses, all very well appointed, who go immediately before the Horses and Elephants, which are for the Kings Life-Guard, their Harness is adorned with Buckles and studs of Gold, set with Diamonds and other precious stones. The Servants who bear the Fruits, and other things for the Sacrifice, march before cer∣tain Grandees of the Kingdom, whereof one bears the Kings Standard, the other the Sword of Justice. These walk on foot immediately before the King, who sits mounted on an Elephant in a Chair of Gold. The Prince his Son, or some other Prince of the bloud, followeth next after him, and then comes the Queen and the

Kings other Women on Elephants, but not to be seen, as being in certain wooden Closets guilt. The rest of the Houshold and six hundred of the Guard, follow in the Rear, which by this means consisteth of fifteen or sixteen thousand persons.

As to their Procession upon the River, the Order following is observed. First, in the head of this Fleet passeth about two hundred Noblemen, each in his several Barge, where they sit in a gilt Cabin, and each Barge is rowed by three or fourscore slaves. Then follow four Barges assigned for the Musick; and next follow about fifty Banks of State, each having fourscore, or fourscore and ten Rowers, and after these come ten other gilt Barges, in one of which the King is seated in a Throne of Gold, attended by divers Noblemen, all upon their knees before him, and amongst them, one of the chiefest Grandees who bears his Standard. The Prince followeth after him in another Barge with his Train, and after him comes the Queen and the Concubines each in their Barges apart; and lastly, in a great number of other Barges follow the Houshold Servants and the Guards, so as this Procession consists of twenty five or thirty thousand persons.

Together with this great Ceremony, the ordinary Proceeding of the King of Iapan, either on Horseback or on Mens shoulders, in a Palanquin (related by the said Mandeslo, as also by Fr. Caron in his i 1.118 description of Iapan) may be fitly remembred. Whether we regard the numerous Train and Atten∣dants, or the manner or order thereof: k 1.119 all of them marching with such gravity and so orderly, that there is not only any one man to be seen out of his Rank, but a man hears not so much as a word spoken; which may well deserve our wonder and admiration.

There is in the Soveraigns Privy Lodgings at Whitehall, the order of the King of Gulcandale his Ordinary Proceeding, when he goes abroad, set forth in Fi∣gures about a foot long, it is of that Countries manner of Painting, and an ex∣traordinary piece of Oriental Rarity, being sent thence to Sir Martin Noell Knight, and by him presented to his now Majesty.

But we may not yet take leave of the Grandeur of these Oriental Princes, in relation to these pompous shows, before we have referred our Reader to Conraed Krammer's description of the magnificent and unparralleld Proceeding of the Deyro, (who indeed is the true Prince of Iapan) when he past from his own Court in the City of Meaco, to the Emperor of Iapans Palace in the same City, on the 25. of Oct. 1626. which is to be seen at large, l 1.120 Printed in Eng∣lish at the end of the foresaid Description of Iapan; nor may we omit this; That the preparation for the said Emperors usual progress from Iedo his present Imperial City, to Meaco, (the former Metropolis and as yet the Court of the Deyro, (being 125. Dutch Miles) to visit the said Deyro, (which happens once in 5. or 7. Years) takes up a m 1.121 whole Year, before the Orders are given out, on what Day, and with what Train every man shall go.

And to draw somewhat nearer Europe, the State and Pomp among the Turks, however barbarous enough in other things, yet in these Ceremonies are ex∣ceeding regular and stately; as may be seen in the Grand Seigniors Cavalcade to Sancta Sophia, cut in Copper Plates by n 1.122 Peter van Aelst, as also in the order of his Ordinary o 1.123 Cavalcade, etched by Anthony Tempest.

But enough of these. We now come to give some Account of the Gallan∣try of our Christian Princes, in this particular. Among whom the Triumphal p 1.124 Entry of Maximilian the First, Emperour of Germany, into Noremburg, is excellently well design'd, and cut in Wood by Hans Brossehaemer.

The Entry of the Emperour Charles the Fifth, and Pópe Clement the Seventh into Bononia in Italy, an. 1530. in Order to his being Crowned King of Lom∣bardy there, is q 1.125 graved in 40. Copper Plates with large Figures, excellently well designed, by Nicholaus Hogenbergus.

Io. August. Pastorius in his r 1.126 Acta Publica, hath exactly described the solemn Cavalcade, of the present Emperor Leopold his Entry into the City of Franc∣fort upon the Mayn, the 19. of March 1658. where the 18. of Iuly in the same Year (s 1.127 non sine difficultate & invidiâ tandem unanimi Octoviratus consensu) he was Elected Emperor of Germany; and the first of August following had

his Inauguration solemnized there also. The Order of this Gallant show is to be seen cut in brass by Gasper Merian, in a thin t 1.128 Folio, Printed at Fran••fort the same Year.

In the same Acta Publica, are also described at large, the several Entrances into that City, of the Electors of u 1.129 Mentz, w 1.130 Tryers, x 1.131 Collen, the Duke of y 1.132 Sax∣ony, Count Palatine of the z 1.133 Rheyne, as also the Deputies or Substitutes of the two other Electors a 1.134 Bavaria and b 1.135 Brandenburgh: and the order of each Caval∣cade is likewise particularly set forth in Copper Plates, cut by the said Gasper Merian, and collected together in the foresaid Book.

We could here insert the particulars of divers other solemn Cavalcades, exhi∣bited upon like occasions, but we are unwilling to dwell longer upon them, since many of them are to be met with.

Here in England it hath been the ancient usage for our Kings and Queens, the day before their Coronation, to ride from the Tower through the City of Lon∣don, in a most noble and magnificent Equipage▪ they being at those times at∣tended on by all the Nobility, Officers of the Houshold, and a gallant and splen∣did Train.

Among these, Proceedings, the order and pomp of that magnificent and nume∣rous Cavalcade of the present Soveraign, from the Tower to Whitehall, the day before his most happy Inauguration is worthy observing, in that his Majesties Entertainments described by Mr. Ogilby, together with the sumptuous Arches which then adorned the Streets; and how well that ingenious Artist Mr. Wene∣slaus Hollar hath merited both in designing and etching the same, is obvious to every ingenious Eye.

Besides these, relating to the Inauguration of Princes, many other solemn and particular occasions have been honored with sumptuous Cavalcades; such was that of our King Henry the Eighth, when he entred Boulogne, and is to be seen in the Soveraign's Gallery in Whitehall, being painted by a Disciple of Hans Holben.

Such was that brave Cavalcade of the late Duke of Florence, celebrated at his Nuptials; which, together with the Scenes and other Representations, were etched by the most excellent Iames Callot, an Artist of incomparable skill and fancy in things of that kind.

So also that of Lewis the Fourteenth, the French King, with his Queen Maria Theresa of Austria, into Paris, the 26. of August 1660. shortly after their mar∣riage, which was as full of splendor and magnificence as could be devised. But among these, and indeed above all, none ought more deservedly to be cele∣brated, than that which passed through London upon the 29. of May 1660. a day since made venerable amongst us to posterity, upon the safe and most happy re∣turn of the present Soveraign, to his Crown and Kingdom, to the unconceiva∣ble joy of all his loyal Subjects.

In the last place, touching those Cavalcades made at the reception of Ambas∣sadors, we have met with two (and those very solemn ones) described at large in the foresaid c 1.136 Acta publica of I. A. Pastorius, namely the entrance of the French and Spanish Ambassadors into Francfort, that, upon the 19. of August 1657. this, upon the 24. of March 1658. when the Election was to be made of the present Emperor; both which are likewise cut in Copper Plates, by the before mention∣ed Gasper Merian.

Adam Olearius in his Voyages and Travels of the Ambassadors from the Duke of Holstein to the great Duke of Muscovy, as also to the King of Persia, makes mention of such Cavalcades, they being ordered according to the manner of those Countries with very great Ceremony; Namely that of the d 1.137 Turkish Ambassadors entrance into Musco 17. Sept. an. 1634. he being met with 16000 Horse, be∣sides the persons who made up the Cavalcade. Likewise that of the Duke of e 1.138 Holstein's Ambassadors entry into the same City 14. Aug. immediately before∣going. As also the entrance of the same Duke's Ambassador into f 1.139 Ispahan in Persia, the 2. of Aug. 1637.

To conclude, the Cavalcade of the Polish Ambassador upon his Reception in∣to Rome an. 1633. was a most magnificent Ceremony; it being made publick in Aqua Fortis, by the incomparable hand of Stephen della Bella a Florentine.

And now to come within the Verge of the Order of the Garter, we shall here present to the Readers view, some few, yet stately Cavalcades, made upon the Soveraigns entrances, not only into Windesor Castle, but other places upon account of its Grand Solemnities, and of which we have happily met with these following Memorials.

The 20. Year of King Henry the Seventh, the Feast of St. George was celebra∣ted at Baynards Castle in London; and the Soveraign (being at the Tower on the Eve) Proceeded thence on Horseback to St. Paul's Church to Vespers, in the following Order.

g 1.140First, all the Noblemen aftir their Estates and Degrees, then the Offi∣cers of Armes next before the Knyghts of the Ordre, then the Knyghts of the Ordre, ryding in theyr Gownes of the Garter only, with their Collers without Mantells, whych Lyvery is of crymosin velvet lyned with whyte, next following them the Byshopp of Winchestre Prelate of the Ordre, then the Ambassadors, then the Secretary and Aulmoner, then Gartier Kyng of Armes of the Ordre, the Maior of London beryng the Mace rode on the left hand of the Kyngs Cote, then the Sword borne by

then the Kyng, Soverain of the Ordre, then followed the Prince, and after certaine Nobles, and then the Garde all on foote, the Aldermen and all the Craftys of London standying in theyr Lyveries in places accustomed. And when the Kyng came to the West Dore of Powles he did on his Mantell, and all the Knyghts did on theyrs, and so entryd the Church, where some∣what within the Church, there was ready the Byshopp which dyd the Di∣vine Service, with the Deane and Chanons, &c. where they sensed and re∣ceyved the Kyng as accustomed; and from thens proceeded to the Queere, and entred their Stalls, and there herd Evensonge; and aftir Evensonge, the Kyng with the odyr Knyghts rode to Baynards Castle his Logging, wher hys Hyghness remayned that nyght.

The h 1.141 16. of April in the following Year, the Soveraign began his Pilgri∣mage to the Shrine of the Blessed Lady of Walsingham, and took Cambridge in his way thither, where he arrived the i 1.142 22 of the same Month, and was in this manner received.

k 1.143 First, the Maior with hys Brederen rode to meet the Kyng, two or three mylle owt of the Towne; Also Mr. Molory then Shereff of the Shire bore his rodd, and gave hys attendance, and as he approached nere the Unyversyte, within a quarter of a mylle, ther stode, first, all the four Ordres of Freres, and aftir odir Religious, and the King on Horsbacke kyssed the Crosse of everyche of the Religious, and then ther stode all along, all the Graduatts, aftir their Degrees, in all their Habitts, and at the end of them was the Unyversyte Cross, wher was a Forme and a Cushin, &c. as accustomed, where the Kyng dyd alight, and there the Byshopp of Rochestre Doctor— then beyng Chaunceller of the Unyversyte, accompanied with odir Doctors, sensyd &c. the Kyng, and aftir made a litle Proposition, and welcomed hym; and then the Kyng took hys Horse ageyn, and rood by the Blackfriers, thoroughe the Towne, to the Queens Colledge, wher hys Grace was at that tyme lodgged, and ther rested the space of a Houre, and then did on hys Gowne and Man∣tell of the Gartier, and all odir Knyghts of the Ordre there beyng present, gave their attendance in the Habit of the Ordre, as apperteyneth, and roode from the Kyngs Logginge to the Chappell of the Kyngs Colledge, whych was for the same cause ready appointed with Scochins &c. as ys yerely accustom∣ed. The Byshopp of Rochestre, beyng there Chaunceller, did the Divine Service, both the Even, the Day, both at Mattens, &c. and sang the Mass of Requiem on the Morrow.

With these, we shall remember the same Soveraigns noble reception of Phil∣lip King of Castile at Windesor, on Saturday the 31. of Ianuary, next ensuing the foresaid Feast, where he was Installed Knight of this most noble Order, the 5. of February following; which we find thus reported.

l 1.144 His Highness (King Henry the Seventh) having notice of the King of Ca∣stile's approach, rode towards him a mile or two out of Windesor, and there in an Arable Field (where the King of Castile by the Kings pleasure tarried his comeing) met with him. And when the Kings Compaignie approched neer to the said King of Castyll, some stode on oon part, and summe on the odir part, and soo made a lanne, that the two Kyngs myght mete togeder; and when the King of Castyll perceyved the King, he toke of his hat, and in like man∣ner the King toke off his, and with a loving and glad countenance, everych salued and embraced odir. The King with many odir good wordys welcom∣ed him to his realme, and the King of Castyll with humble and lo∣ving wordys smyling, thanked the King of the great honours that he did him, and alsoo for the grete plesirs and kyndness, that the King had shewed and doon unto him, sython his arivall, and at divers tymes before; and the King toke the King of Castyll on his left hand, and in good ordonance Rode to∣wards the said Castyl of Windsor, the Officers of Armes beryng theyr Cots of Armes, and the Kings Trumpetts blew at the metyng, and soo by the way, &c. the Earle of Derby barre the Swerd right before the King. Hit is to be noted, that there was many Noble men verely well appointed, both in Cloth of Gold and Goldsmyth werke, as my Lord Marquis, therle of Kent, therll of Derby, the Lord Henry Stafford, with many and divers odir Noble and Gentlemen, which all for the most part, were in Velvet, and oder silkes, right honorably apparelled; and when the Kings entred the furst yate of the Castyll, the Mynstrells and Shack••uth play'd, and when they approached neere the place where they alighted, the King of Castyll tarryed, and wold have alighted before the King, but the King would not suffer him, but tooke hym forth with him, and soo lighted booth at oons, the King of Castyll sum∣what got before the King, and in like Order, the Lords and odir Noble men, went before the Kings through the Nedar Galarie towards the Hall, and as the King perceyved that the King of Castyl's hatt was off, he toke of his hatt, and would not doe hit on againe, till the King of Castyl was almost ready to doo on his; and soo went up the Stayres, and passed through the upper Gala∣rie to the Kings grete Chamber, which was richly hanged with Cloth of Arras, and a gret riche Bed in the same Chamber, where remayned the Knights and Esquires, and from thence to the 2^d. Chamber which was alsoo richly hanged, where remained Barons and * 1.145 Baronetts and from thence to the 3d Chamber, which was hanged with a very rich Arras, in the which there was a Cloth of Estate, and as rich a Bed as I have seen, where re∣mained the Bishopps, Erlls and Officers that attended upon him; and from thence would have conveyed the King of Castill to the 4^th Chamber, which was all hangen with rich Cloth of Gold, the bordure above of Cremosin Velvett, and brodered upon the Kings Armes, with other the Kings devyces, as Roses, Portecolys &c. but the King of Castill excused hym, and said, that the King should not take the paine to convoye him to his Logging, then the King shewed him, that all that he had passed through was and should be his Logging, and that the King thowght that place honoured by his com∣myng, and called hym Sonne, and sayd that he was as welcome unto him, as though he had been his owne Naturall Sonne, and that his comyng was not only agreeable and joyfull unto him, but also to all his Subjects, and that that Rome, and all his Servants should be at the Com∣mandement of the said King of Castill, and that he should thinke that he were come to his own Faders House, and soo desired him to goo at his ple∣sir to Dyner, or to shuft hym: but when the King of Castill perceyved, that that greate Logginge was for hym, he thanked the King bare headed, for he had taken off his hood a little before, and sayd, that he was sorry that the

King had taken soo moch labour and payne for him, and for any words or thing that the King might doe, he wold convoye the King to his Lodging, and soo he did; and after the King had showed hym his Chamber, and would he should take no further paine, the King would somewhat have reconvoyed him, but the King of Castill would not suffer hitt, and soo they enter salued the one the odir and departed.

Another most magnificent Cavalcade, was that of King Henry the Eighth, and the Knights-Companions into Windesor, upon the 27. of May, in the 11. year of his Reign, being the day preceding the Eve of the Grand Feast (during which he begun his Reformation of the Statutes of the Order) which was ordered as fol∣loweth.

o 1.146 On the 27. day of May being Friday, the King removed from Richemont towards his Castle of Windesor, and appointed them about one a Clock at Afternoon the same Friday, that all Noblemen, and oder which should wayte upon his Grace, should be ready between Richemont and Honslowe to attend upon him, and in consideration of a scarcyte and straitnes of Lodgings, as well as in avoyding and eschewing of the corrupt air, every Nobleman was taxed and rated to a certain number of Horse, that is to say, every Duke at 60 Horses, a Marquess at 50 Horses, every Earl at 40 Horses, every Baron at 30 Horses, every Knight of the Garter Batchellor at 20 Horses, and no odre Knight or Nobleman to have above 16 Horses, with their Carriages and all. And the King, thus right nobly companyed, rode to Colebroke, and at the Sign of the Katherines Wheel the King took his Courser, and his Henchmen richly apparelled followed, and also the Kings Horse of State led, Gartier King of Arms wore his Coat of Arms, the Lord Richard Fox Byshop of Win∣chester and Prelate of the Order, with many odre great Estates, gave their at∣tendance upon his Highness. The Queen and the Ladies, and their Com∣paignies stood in the feild at the Towns end, besides the high way towards Windesor, to see the Kings noble Compagnie pass by, and then the Queen rode to the Fery next way to the Castle. The King rode by Slow, and so to Eton Colledge, where all they of the Colledge stood along, in manner of Pro∣cession, receiving his Grace after their custom.

p 1.147 The King entred Windesor with his great Horses, that is to say nine Coursers with nine Children of Honor upon them, and the Master of the Kings Horses upon another great Coursers back, following them, having and leading the Kings Horse of Estate in his hand, that is to say, a rich Courser with a rich Saddle, and trapped and garnished following the King, and so entred the Castle.

q 1.148 At the Castle Gate, the Ministers of the Colledge received the King with Pro∣cession, and the King and Knights of the Ordre, at the Church dore, took their Mantles, and entred the Quere, and stood before their Stalls, till the Sove∣raign had Offred and retorned to his Stall; then every Knight offered accord∣ing to his, as by the Statute is ordained, and entred their Stallys, which was a long Ceremony or ever they had all offered, because of the great number of Knights that then was present, which were 19 in number besides the So∣veraign.

r 1.149 The Offring Doon, the Soveraign and all the foresaid Knights of the Ordre, (putting of their Mantles at the Church Dore) with the Prelate and odre Officers of the Ordre, as the Register, King of Armes, and Huishier of the Ordre, called the Black Rodd, borne by Sir William Compton, according to his Office of Hueshier; all thes rode before the King from the Colledge, unto the Quadrate of the Castle, and so conveyed his highness to his Lodging.

s 1.150 The King had attendant on him, all his Officers of Armes, wearing their Coats of Armes; and all his Trumpetts, which blew the Entry of the King, all the tyme of the said Entry. The Lord Mountague, Henry Poole, hare the

Sword before the King, and Garter King of Armes rode next before the Sword, and Sir William Compton rode on his left hand, bearing the Black Rodd.

t 1.151 Another Cavalcade offers it selfe here, namely that of King Philip and Queene Mary, who, after the Marriage solemnized betweene them at Win∣chester the 15. of July 1554. arived at Windesor the 3. of Aug. following, where, at the nether end of Pescod-street, they were met by the Major of Windesor and his Brethren, and thence (the Trumpets sounding) they Pro∣ceeded with the Officers of Arms before them, into th•• Castle, till they arrived at the West door of the Chapell, where was prepared a Form with Carpets and Cushons, and at their entry, the Byshop of Winchester sensed them.

The Queene having received the Mantle of the Order, with a reverential kiss from the Earl of Derby and Penbroke (to whom it had been presented by the Register of the Order) put it upon the King (assisted by the said Earles) the Earls of Arundell and Penbroke, receiving the Collar of the Order from Garter, presented it to the Queene (with the like Ceremony as was the Mantle) who put it about the Kings Neck.

Then all the Knights Companions put on their Mantles, within the Cha∣pell Dore, and Proceeded into the Choire, and stood before their Stalls ac∣cording to ancient Order. Then the Queene went into her Stall, taking the King by the Hand, and setting him in the same Stall with her, and af∣ter a little space, they both descended and Proceeded up to the High Altar (the Queene keeping the right hand) and there Offred; after which, they retorned to their Stall, where they reposed themselves, while all the Knights Companions present did Offer, according to their Degree, and had taken their Stalls according to their ancient Custome. Then was Te Deum, and de Profundis sung, which being finished, they came all downe from their Stalls, and Proceeded to the Chapter House Dore, where the King, and all the Knights Companions put off their Mantles; and imediately going out of the Chapell, they tooke their Horses at the Chapell Dore, and Proceeded in Order, up to the Castle, where they reposed themselves that night.

In the last place, we may properly add the duty of the Colledge of the royal Chappel of St. George, touching their Reception of the Soveraign, upon special occasions; to wit, the manner to be observed by them in their Proceeding, to meet the Soveraign of the Order, at his first coming thither in his royal State, or in his return after some great Victory, or extraordinary Action performed, or some Foreign or unwonted Atchievement; according to the most decent manner there observed, by the most invincible Prince King Henry the Fifth, in the 9. year of his Reign: at which time he ordained, that this his Ceremonial should be firmly observed for ever, in the like cases. The same in u 1.152 effect is also appointed by King Henry the Eighth, only the direction is put into other words, and where the title of Custos is in the former Precedent used, in the latter, that of the Dean is inserted instead thereof, and is as followeth.

w 1.153 In the first place, a Form or Bench decently adorned, being placed after the usual manner, in the midst between the Chappel of the Colledge and the uttermost gate of the Castle, the Custos and Canons are there to meet with all the Officers of the Col∣ledge, each in their proper order and Habits, having a handsom Cross carried before them, with two Torch-bearers, and two Censers. The Register of the Or∣der bearing the Kings Mantle, is to present it to his Majesty, who being therewith invested by the Custos, assisted by the senior Canon, the King is to be Censed five times, and then taking the Cross to kiss, from the hand of the Custos, or some one of the more eminent Prelates then present, he is to be conducted, in way of Proces∣sion, to the Chappel, the Knights-Companions present vested with their Mantles, go∣ing orderly immediately before the King, until he hath arrived at the Faldstool be∣fore the high Altar, for that purpose adorned, and there kneeling, till the end of the Responsory, to be sung by the Choire, at his arrival, by appointment of the Prae∣centor, to wit, Honor Virtus, or some such like, answerable to the Affair in hand,

with a Prayer also correspondant▪ And then kissing the venerable part of the Cross of our Lord, and the Heart of St. George, he is to offer, and then to betake him∣self to his Stall, and there to sit, till the Knights of the Order have also offered, each in their turns, and placed themselves again in their Stalls, and until the Anthem De Profundis hath been sung by the Canons, with the accustomed Prayers; then the Knights-Companions are to descend from their Stalls into the Choire, each of them bowing himself towards the Altar, every time they so come down, and thence pro∣ceed through the middle of the Choire,, unto the place where the Chapter is to be celebrated, at the hour of Tierce, the Soveraign of the Order following in the last place, as in all other Processions, and consequently in his absence, his Deputy do∣ing the same. These things thus performed, they are to get up on Horseback, and conduct the Soveraign into the place appointed by the Statutes; and the Proceeding being finished, the Bells are to ring at convenient seasons.

* 1.154As touching Ecclesiastical Processions, they are of great antiquity in the Chri∣stian Church; some are ordinary and stative, other extraordinary or indictive.

The Ordinary, are those celebrated on Ascension-day, mentioned by x 1.155 St. Chri∣sostom, and on the Purification, by y 1.156 St. Austin, Rabanus, St. Bernard, and divers others. The Extraordinary are commanded and appointed by authority on se∣veral occasions; such was that which z 1.157 Sozimus makes mention of, at the transla∣tion of the Reliques of St. Miletus. So also that of a 1.158 the Christians of Antioch (when Iulian the Apostate commanded the Coffin of St. Babilas to be removed) who went a Procession with their Women and Children, rejoicing and singing Davids Psalms, and removed the Reliques of St. Babylas, from Daphney to Antioch.

A like Procession do we find celebrated, within the most Noble Order of the Garter, on b 1.159 Wednesday in Easter week, being the 27. of March 1504. at Green∣wich, upon reception of that noble Relique the c 1.160 right Leg of St. George, sent to King Henry the Seventh, then Soveraign, from the Cardinal of Rowen being Lega••, by a Chaplain of his own, an Augustine and Abbot of—by Meaux; which was most solemnly ordered in the following manner.

d 1.161

First, as the Oratour of the Legat was landed, which landed before the Fryers yat of Greenwiche, he did on a surplis and a cope, holding St. George's Leg in his hand, which was goodly garnished in Silver, like a Knights Leg arm∣ed with a gilt Spor, &c. and immediately upon his arrival, there went to meet the said Relique, first the Kings Chappel, all in Copis, with Cross &c. and on eve∣ry side of the Chappel, were divers Yoemen of the Garde in their beten Cotys of Goldsmith work, beryng certain Torches brenning, then the Bishop of Chestre in Pontificalibus, the Dean on his left hand, and on every side of them certain of the Officers of Arms, then followed the Kings of Arms, and next them the Knights of the Order, beryng their Mantle and Collers of the Ordre, that is to say, the Marquiss of Dorset, the Erll of Surrey, the Erll of Shrewysbyry, the Erll of Es∣sex, the Lord Dawbeny the Kings Chamberlaine, the Lord Herbert, Sir Thomas Lovell Treasurer, and Sir Rich. Gilford Controller of the Household, and next the Knights of the Order, followed the odir Lords and Noblemen, after their Estates and Degrees in gret nombre; and when the Bishop approched neer the Le∣gats Oratour, which was assisted by two Doctours, beyng Chappellyns to the King. The Bishop censed the Relique, and then the Legats Oratour, beryng the Said saint George's Leg, went between the Bishop and the Dean, and returned in licke or∣dre till they came to the Kings Chappel, where the Leg was set on the high Aul∣tre, and then the Quire sange O George,* 1.162 &c. that doon the Knights and Officers went up into the Galery, and there did off their Mantles, and the Officers of Arms their Cotys of Arms, and from thence all the Noblemen went into the Kings grete Chambre, to attend upon his Grace, which immediately went to Mass, and at Of∣fering time his Highness kissed and offered the Leg, and so the second Relique re∣mained in the Kings Chappel; and after Mass the King returned to his gret Cham∣bre where he dyned, &c. with Gods blessing and Saint George.

Again, of Processions some are called e 1.163 Lugubres, i. e. mournful; which seems to us to be properly termed Supplications, being to implore some help, or to avert some evil impending, wherein Letanies were also used, as that of The do••us the younger, who instituted a Letany to supplicate for fair weather, and a mild temper of the Air; wherein, as f 1.164 Nicephorus saith, the Supplicants went in Pro∣cession with Hymns and Adorations, Theodosius himself going before them in a mean Habit, singing of Psalms; and thereupon the face of the Heavens chang∣ed, the troubled Air grew calm and serene, and plenty of all things ensued; and whilst the Letany in our Book of Common-Prayer was used, the Grand Pro∣cession of the Order might well be cast among the Lugubres, and in some places of the g 1.165 Blue Book we see it is so called; being only upon this occa∣sion sung walking; h 1.166 a gesture more anciently used, than the posture of kneeling or standing.

Others are called Letae, i. e. joyful; which are to give thanks for blessings re∣ceived: And such is the nature of the Hymn, appointed (by the Soveraign and Knights-Companions command) to be sung in the Grand Procession of the Order, an. 15. Car. 2. instead of the Letany, and since continued.

Having immediately before delivered somewhat of Proceedings, Military, Civil, and Ecclesiastical; we shall now pass on to the Grand Procession of this most Noble Order it self, which consists of persons Military, Civil, and Ecclesiasti∣cal: The Military are the Soveraign, the Knights-Companions, and Alms-Knights; the Civil are the Officers of the Order, Officers of Arms, and other Attendant••; and lastly, the Ecclesiastical are the Prebends of the Colledge, the Choire-men and Choristers. And in reference to this magnificent Solemnity (whether it fell out to be celebrated at Windesor, or at any other place, where the Soveraign kept his Court) we are to consider, the (1.) Time, when this great Ceremony took its beginning; next, the proper (2.) Place or Processional way; then the (3.) Or∣der and Manner of the Solemnity; and lastly, the (4.) Pomp and State thereof.

The Grand Procession hath been always celebrated,* 1.167 in the morning of the Feast day of St. George, or upon such other day, as the Soveraign hath appointed to hold the same by Prorogation; but as to the instant of time when it began, we find it divers and uncertain; but those variations make no very great diffe∣rence, having been ordered and appointed with considerations had to conve∣niency, and at such a part of the Church Service, as was conceived most proper, and generally after the end of the last Collect, appointed for the morning, in our Book of Common-Prayer, immediately before the Letany. Nevertheless an. 6. Eliz. the Feast being then held at Windesor, we find it began g 1.168 presently after the Te Deum was sung, and an. 20. of the said Queens Reign (at Greenwich) h 1.169 after the reading of the second Lesson. Again an. 22. Iac. R. it is said to be∣gin i 1.170 when the second Morning Service was celebrating, and almost half done. And to come neerer our times, the Grand Procession set forward an. 8. Car. 1. when k 1.171 the first Service was finished, and an. 17. Car. 1. l 1.172 after the Sermon. But at the Grand Feast solemnized at Windesor in the 13. year of the present Sove∣raign, and since, it took beginning at the most usual and accustomed time, viz. when the Prelate (then officiating at the Altar) came to that part of the Common Prayer where the Letany was next to begin. Who there making a pause, was conducted from the Altar by the Serjeant of the Vestry, down to his Seat.

We come next to the second consideration,* 1.173 which is the compass of the Pro∣ceeding, or the Processional way; and that we observe, not to have been always one and the same at Windesor; for sometimes we find it confin'd within the walls of St. George's Chappel, but at other times enlarged through the lower Court of the Castle (in divers places of the Registers called also the Church-yard) a few memorials in both cases are left unto us, though none of very ancient date: as An. 15. Iac. R. o 1.174 The Soveraign and whole assembly of the Knights-Companions, going out at the West door (of the Chappel) in remarkable pomp and order, pro∣ceeded about the bounds of the Church-yard; that is, (as is elsewhere of the same Procession more particularly exprest) p 1.175 from the Choire through the middle Ile (or Nave of the Chappel) out at the West door, down to the Castle Gate, so through

the passage into the Cloyster, and by the Chapter-house door again into the Choire. To which purpose, doth the q 1.176 Red Book briefly describe the passage of the Grand Procession an. 4. Car. 1. and yet more particularly, the Grand Procession (cele∣brated at Windesor in the 15. year of the present Soveraign's Reign) passed down the Middle Ile of the Chappel, through the West door, and so along the lower Ward of the Castle, neer unto the Castle Gate; from whence ascending to∣wards the Alms-Knights old Lodgings, unto, and through the passage, between the East end of the Chappel, and the Tomb-house, into the Cloyster, it entred in∣to the Chappel, by the door neer the Chapter-house, and from thence proceeding down the North Isle unto the West door, and up through the aforesaid Middle Ile, it re-entred the Choire.

But when the Soveraign hath pleased to shorten this great Ceremony, which, either through his r 1.177 indisposition of health (as an. 22. Iac. R. when being so ex∣treamly taken with the Gout, that he was s 1.178 carried, during the Grand Procession, in a Chair) or, upon other like occasion he has sometimes done, then the Grand Proceeding hath passed out at the East door of the Chappel, and going through part of the Church-yard, hath entred the Chappel again at the South door, and so into the Choire; or else t 1.179 through the South door, and returning by the Cloyster, at the East end of the Chappel, hath passed thence to the West door, then up the Nave, and so ascended again into the Choire, as an. 6. of the same King.

Moreover, upon foulness of Weather, the Grand Procession hath been cele∣brated within the coverture of the Chappel, as u 1.180 an. 1. Car. 1. But more fully for the same cause (abundance of Rain) doth the Register observe, that an. 9. Car. 1. it w 1.181 pass'd from the Choire to the West door of the Chappel, whence turning to the left, it proceeded through the South Ile, and coming about by the East door, de∣scended at length by the North Ile again to the West door, and thence through the Nave of the Chappel it returned into the Choire.

And this x 1.182 Processional way was in like necessity made use of, both by the Duke of Norfolk, the Soveraign's Lieutenant for the Feast holden an. y 1.183 5. Eliz. as also by the present Soveraign, an. z 1.184 13. Car. 2.

And because it is necessary to know, which is the way where the Grand Pro∣cession hath usually passed, in other places honored with the celebration of the Feast of St. George, aswell as the Castle of Windesor, it will be requisite here to describe the same, and set them down; and first we shall shew how it lies at Whitehall, the whole passage having been (both a 1.185 formerly and ofb 1.186 late) strewed with Rushes upon this occasion.

Here, the Grand Procession sets forth from the c 1.187 middle of the Choire (as in all other places) and so on, to the outward Chappel door, thence through the Hall, and the left entrance of the Skreen towards the Thames, then to the Hall Porch, and so along on the right hand of the great Court (sometimes called the Vtter, or outwardmost Court of the Palace, as an. d 1.188 2.3.5.7. and 26. Eliz. and e 1.189 10. & 11. Car. 1.) towards, and beyond the Signet Office, then turning on the left hand to∣wards the Court Gate, and yet on the left hand (on that side of the Court which formerly lay towards the Terrace, but now neer the covered Walk) it passeth in at the Hall Porch, and enters the Hall at the right entrance of the Skreen, and thence into the old Chappel, and so into the New.

Where note, that in all solemn Processions, where the return is to the same place, the regular turning is on the left, not right hand; and this the present Soveraign well understood, when at the Grand Feast held at Whitehall, an. 19. Car 2. the Foot Guards having made a Lane on the left hand of the great Court, along by the covered walk, for the Proceeding to pass through, and a great part of the Proceeding had gone that way, so soon as the Soveraign came to the steps descending into the Court, (for by reason the Hall was shut up, being imployed for Masks and Scenes, the Proceeding passed from the Chappel up Stairs into the Guard-Chamber, and so into the Court) He discovering the Error, caused all to come back, and proceed on the right hand of the Court, towards the Hall Porch and Signet Office, and make their return upon the left hand, according to the right rule of turnings in solemn Proceedings.

At Greenwich we find the Grand Processional way an. 20. Eliz. f 1.190 led out of the Chappel, through the Hall, beneath the Skreen, and thence going round about the 2d. Court, came in at the South Door, in the upper end of the Hall, and so along the Hall again into the Chappel.

And when the Feast was celebrated at the City of York an. 17 Car. 1. The g 1.191 Grand Proceeding passed out of the Choire, and marched round the inside of the Church only, and then returned back into the Choire, as it is usually obser∣ved at Windesor, in rainy weather. Once, viz. an. 20 H. 7. the Grand Proces∣sion was solemnized in St. Pauls Church London, of which the Black Book of the Order gives but this short account. h 1.192 The most Illustrious Soveraign of the ••ar∣ter solemnly made his Procession in St. Pauls Church London. But i 1.193 an old me∣morial calls this the Grand Procession, and notes it to pass about the Church as the Custom was, k 1.194 to which solemnity there flockt as great a multitude of Peo∣ple, as had been seen in that Church, at any time before.

Lastly, The way through which the Grand Procession passeth, (wheresoever Celebrated) is fenced in by the Yeomen of the Guard, and the Knights-Compa∣nions Attendants and Servants, who standing on both sides, make a spatious Lane for it to pass through, and keep off the Crowd, from pressing upon it.

The third consideration relating to the Grand Procession,* 1.195 is the Order and Manner thereof; and herein (as to particulars) the more ancient times afford us very little light. Nevertheless, that the same hath been Celebrated (even from the Institution of the Order) as part of those Ceremonies used to set forth the solemnity of St. Georges Feast, we have collective Evidence enough; and that, not only at Windesor, but other places, where the Anniversary of St. George hath been kept and observed.

To proceed then; What the Order of this Ceremony anciently was, may be collected from that which an Old Relator saith (where he sets down the order of the solemn Procession made the l 1.196 29. of May, an. 5 H. 8.) namely, that it was Ordered m 1.197 as of old time accustomed. Now the Proceeding he speaks of, was marshalled in this manner.

n 1.198 First went the Alms-Knights, two and two on either side the Choire, then the Officers of Armes, next after whom, came the Knights-Companions, after them the Officers of the Order, and then went the Prelate of the Order, bearing the Heart of St. George, under a Canopy honorably assisted, four Noblemen at the Corners bearing each a Torch, and last of all the Soveraign.

And though here is no mention made of any Ecclesiasticks that joined in this Proceeding, yet if we consider, that throughout this Grand Ceremony, some part of the Divine Office of the Church was Sung (which until of late was Gi∣ther the Letany, or Te Deum,) it cannot be supposed, that the Chaplains and Priests were left out.

And to cleer this doubt, we have happily met with another Old Observator, who informs us, That the o 1.199 Priests not only went in the Grand Procession, but had a place assigned in it, where the Gentlemen of the Soveraigns Chappel and Choire of Windesor, now go.

But it must be confest, that the Records of the Order, are defective in this particular relating to the Grand Procession, and speak not otherwise of it, then in general, or at most, take notice but of some of those Degrees, that attend∣ed in it, and this, but of late time neither; amongst which an. 23 Eliz. it is said, that p 1.200 they all Proceeded in order, as the Custom was, the Soveraign follow∣ing in the Rear of the Procession.

As to Place and Precedency, not only among them who Proceed here in Bo∣dies, but also those that walk singly by themselves, it is the same, in all points, with the Soveraign Proceeding to the Chappel, on the Eve of the Grand Feast: (Concerning which we have q 1.201 already spoken largely enough) only here are some Persons added, which go not in that, namely the Gentlemen and Choristers of the Soveraigns Chappel at Whitehall, and the Petty Canons, Vicars, and Chori∣sters of Windesor; the whole Order is as followeth.

The Morning Service having proceeded to the end of the second Lesson, and the Prelate conducted by the Serjeant of the Vestry from the Altar to his Seat, with usual Reverences,

The Alms-Knights rise from their Seats and pass to the middle of the Choire, and after their accustomed Reverences, go up to the sides of the Altar.

Next, in like manner, do the Officers of Arms pass up.

Hereupon Garter riseth from his Seat, and makes his Reverences, then wa∣ving his Rod, summons the junior Knights-Companions to descend.

Whilst they and the rest of the Knights are leaving their Stalls, with usual Reverences, the Gentlemen of the Chappel, Petty Canons and Vicars of Windesor put on Copes, and make themselves ready to proceed.

Then the Knights-Companions being all come down, and having made their accustomed Reverences, stand each under his proper Stall.

Then the Black-Rod, Garter, and Register rise, and after Reverences made, stand before their Forms.

So do the Chancellor and Prelate.

This done, the Alms-Knights came down from the Altar, and passing into the middle of the Choire, make again their double Reverences, and proceed out of the Choire.

After them, all the Choristers pass in a body to the middle of the Choire, and having made their double Reverences (so do all that follow) proceed forth, two and two.

So do the Vicars of Windesor.

Next four of the Petty Canons come from their Seats, into the middle of the Choire, and there begin to sing the Hymn.

Then followeth the Serjeant of the Vestry, bearing his gilt Rod.

After whom, the Gentlemen of the Chappel at Whitehall.

Next, the Verger of Windesor Chappel, bearing his Silver Rod.

Then the Prebends of Windesor.

After whom, the Officers of Arms come down from the Altar, and pass on.

Then the Knights-Companions, the juniors first.

Then the Black-Rod, Garter, and Register.

The Chancellor and Prelate.

The Nobleman that bears the Sword of State.

Then the Soveraign above in his Stall, makes a Reverence towards the Altar, and being descended, another below, then passeth out and enters under the Canopy, which waits him at the Choire door, having his Train carried up; the Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold, if he be not a Knight of the Order, at∣tending somewhat behind the side of the Canopy, on the Soveraign's right hand, and the Vice-Chamberlain at the like distance on his left, for so they waited in the Grand Procession an. 23. Car. 2.

And lastly, the Band of Pensioners, who attend in Guard on each side the So∣veraign and Knights-Companions, with their Captain in the head of them.

In this order (at this day) they proceed with great devotion, the whole Choire singing the Office appointed, which heretofore was the Letany; but that Suppli∣cational Procession, is now converted into a Hymn of Thanksgiving, composed by the Reverend Doctor Brune Ryves, the present Dean of Windesor, and Regi∣ster of the Garter, at the command of the Soveraign and Knights-Companions in Chapter, held the 17. of April an. 13. Car. 2. which follows here.

An Hymn to be sung in the Procession at St. George's Feast instead of the Letany.

* 2.1HEar, O ye Kings; give ear, O ye Princes: I, even I will sing unto the Lord; I will sing praises unto the God of Israel.

The Lord is my Rock,* 2.2 and my Fortress, and my Deliverer, my God, my Strength, in whom I trust: my Buckler, the Horn of my Salvation, and my high Tower.

The Lord is my Strength,* 2.3 and my Song: and he is become my Salvation.

The Right hand of the Lord is become Glorious in Power: The Right hand [unspec 6] of the Lord hath dashed in pieces the Enemy.

In the greatness of thy Excellency thou hast overthrown them, that rose up [unspec 7] against thee: who is like unto thee, O Lord, amongst the Gods: who is like un∣to thee, glorious in Holiness, fearful in praises, doing Wonders.

Sing aloud therefore unto God,* 2.4 our Strength: make a Ioyful Noise to the God of Jacob.

CHORVS.

• I will sing unto the Lord: for he hath triumphed glo∣riously: Exod. 15.1.
• To day will we sing this Song, We have a strong City: Sal∣vation will God appoint for Walls, and Bulwarks: Isay 26.1.

The Princes of the People are gathered together,* 2.5 even the People of the God of Abraham: for the Shields of the Earth belong unto God: he is greatly exalted.

We will therefore rehearse the righteous Acts of the Lord:* 2.6 even his righteous Acts towards the Inhabitants of the Villages of Israel.

We will not hide them from our Children,* 2.7 shewing to the generations to come the praises of the Lord: and his Strength, and his wonderful Works, that he hath done.

That the generation to come might know them, even the Children, which [unspec 6] should be born: who shall arise, and declare them to their Children.

That they may set their Hope in God: and not forget the works of God, but [unspec 7] keep his Commandments.

Sing unto the Lord therefore,* 2.8 O ye Saints of his: and let us give thanks for a remembrance of his Holiness.

Sing aloud unto God,* 2.9 our Strength: make a Ioyful Noise unto the God of Israel.

CHORVS.

• The Lord is my Strength, and my Song: and he is be∣come my Salvation: Exod. 15.2.

We will be glad,* 2.10 and rejoyce in thy mercy, O Lord: for thou hast considered our trouble, and hast known our Soul in Adversities.

For our Sins thou didst cast our Crown to the Ground:* 2.11 thou powredst con∣tempt upon our Princes, and causedst them to wander in the Wilderness, where there is no way.

Thou gavest us like Sheep appointed for slaughter:* 2.12 and didst scatter us among the Nations.

Thou madest us a reproach to our Neighbours: ae Scorn, and a Derision to them, [unspec 13] that are round about us.

Thou madest us a By-word among the Heathen: a shaking of the Head among [unspec 14] the People.

Thou didst deliver thy Strength into Captivity,* 2.13 and thy Glory into the Ene∣mies hand.

Thou gavest thy People over also unto the Sword: and w••st wroth with thine [unspec 62] Inheritance.

Nevertheless,* 2.14 thou didst regard our Afflictions: and heardest our Cry, and didst repent, according to the Multitude of thy Mercies.

But,* 2.15 as the Lord was our hiding-place, and did preserve us in the midst of our trouble: so at last he hath compassed us about with Songs of Deliverance.

For the Lord did awake,* 2.16 as a man out of sleep: and like a Mighty man, that shouteth by reason of Wine.

His anger endureth,* 2.17 but a Moment; in his favour is life: Weeping may en∣dure for a Night; but Ioy cometh in the Morning.

God hath turned our Mourning into Dancing: he hath put off our Sack-cloth, [unspec 11] and girded us with Gladness;

[unspec 12] To the end, that our Tongues may sing praises unto thee, O Lord; and not be silent: O Lord our God, we will give thanks unto thee for Ever.

CHORVS.

• The Salvation of Israel is come out of Sion, the Lord hath brought back the Captivity of his People: Therefore shall Iacob rejoyce, and Israel shall be glad: Psal. 14.7.
• O! that men would therefore praise the Lord for his goodness, and for his wondrous Works to the Children of Men: Psal. 107.8.

* 2.18Thou, O God, hast maintained my Right, and my Cause: thou satest in the Throne, judging right.

[unspec 5] Thou hast rebuked the Rebellious: thou hast destroyed the Wicked; and hast put out their Name for Ever and Ever.

* 2.19I have seen the Wicked in great power: and spreading himself like a green Bay-tree.

[unspec 36] Yet he passed away, and, lo! he was not: I sought him, but he could not be found.

[unspec 37] Mark the perfect man, and behold the upright: for the End of that Man is Peace.

* 2.20Lord, thou hast been favourable unto thy Land: Thou hast brought back the Captivity of thy People.

[unspec 2] Thou hast forgiven the Iniquity of thy People: Thou hast covered all their Sin.

[unspec 3] Thou hast taken away all thy Wrath: Thou hast turned thy self from the fierceness of thine Anger.

* 2.21Therefore will we give thanks unto thee, O Lord; among the People: and sing Praises unto thy Name in the great Congregation.

* 2.22Sing aloud unto God, our Strength: make a Ioyful Noise unto the God of Israel.

CHORVS.

• ...O give thanks unto the Lord; for he is good: for his Mercy endureth for Ever.
• Let the Redeemed of the Lord say so: whom he hath redeemed from the hand of the Enemy: Psal. 106.1, 2.

* 2.23O come hither, and behold the Works of the Lord: what Desolations he hath made in the Earth.

[unspec 9] He maketh Wars to cease unto the ends of the Earth: He breaketh the Bow, and cutteth the Spear in sunder, and burneth the Charriots in the fire.

* 2.24He hath stilled the noise of the Seas: the noise of their Waves, and the Tu∣mult of the People.

* 2.25He rebuked the Company of the Spear-men, the Multitude of the Bulls with the Calves of the People: till every one submitteth himself with pieces of Silver: He hath scattered the People, that delight in War.

* 2.26He hath broken the Arrows of the Bow: the Shield, the Sword, and the Battel.

* 2.27O! come therefore, let us sing unto the Lord a new Song; for he hath done marvailous things: His right Hand, and his holy Arm hath gotten him the Victory.

* 2.28For he hath given a Banner to them, that fear him: that it may be displayed because of the Truth.

CHORVS.

• The Lord is a Man of War: the Lord is his Name: Exod. 15.3.
• The Lord of Hosts is with us, the God of Iacob is our refuge: Psal. 46.11.
• O! clap your Hands therefore, all ye People: shout unto God with the voice of Triumph: Ps. 47.1.

Great deliverance giveth he to the King:* 2.29 and shewed mercy to his Anointed, and to his Seed for evermore.

Then he made him,* 2.30 that remained, to have Dominion over the Nobles among the People: the Lord made him have Dominion over the Mighty.

And he shall be as the Light of the Morning,* 2.31 when the Sun riseth, even a Morning without Clouds: as the tender Grass springing out of the Earth, by clear shining after Rain.

Thou,* 2.32 O Lord, that hast delivered him from the strivings of his People: Thou, that hast made him head of those, that rose up against him:

Let his Glory be still great in thy Salvation:* 2.33 increase daily that Honour, and Majesty, which thou hast laid upon him.

Fasten him as a Nail in a Sure place:* 2.34 and let him be for a Glorious Throne to his Father's house.

And hang upon him all the Glory of his Father's house: the Off-spring, and [unspec 24] the Issue. And let all the People say Amen.

CHORVS.

• The Lord hear him in the day of his trouble; the Name of the God of Iacob defend him: Psal. 20.1.
• Send him help from the Sanctuary, and strengthen him out of Sion. 2.
• Grant him according to his own Heart's desire: and ful∣fill all his Counsel. 3.
• We will rejoyce in thy Salvation, O Lord, and in the name of our God will we set up our Banners: The Lord fulfill all his Petitions. 4.

The King shall joy in thy Strength,* 2.35 O Lord: and in thy Salvation how greatly shall he rejoyce?

Thou hast given him his heart's desire: and hast not withheld the request of [unspec 2] his Lips.

For thou preventest him with the Blessings of Goodness: Thou hast set a Crown [unspec 3] of pure Gold upon his head.

Thou hast made him most Blessed for ever: Thou hast made him exceeding [unspec 6] glad with thy Countenance.

For the King trusteth in the Lord: and, through the mercy of the most high, [unspec 7] he shall not miscarry.

Thou wilt prolong the King's life:* 2.36 and his Years, as many Generations.

CHORVS.

• O satisfie him with a long life: and shew him thy Sal∣vation: Psal. 91.16.
• Keep thy mercy with him for evermore: and let thy Covenant stand fast with him: Psal. 89.28.
• Make his Seed also to endure for Ever: and his Throne as the days of Heaven. 29.
• Cloath his Enemies with shame; but upon himself let his Crown flourish: Psal. 132.18.

How excellent is thy loving kindness,* 2.37 O Lord: therefore the Children of men put their trust in the Shadow of thy Wings.

Whom have we in Heaven,* 2.38 but Thee, and there is none upon Earth, that we desire, besides Thee.

Many,* 2.39 O Lord our God, are thy wonderous Works, which thou hast done: and thy Thoughts, which are to usward, they cannot be reckoned up in order to Thee. If we should declare, and speak of them: they are more, then can be Numbered.

* 2.40O Lord our God, thou art terrible out of thy holy places: The God of Israel is he, that giveth strength and power unto his people. Blessed be God.

CHORVS.

• Rejoyce, rejoyce, O ye People: for the Lord will be merciful unto his Land, and to his People: Deut. 32.43.
• The Lord will give Strength unto his People: the Lord will bless his People with Peace: Psal. 29.11.
• For who is God, save the Lord? or who is a Rock, save our God? Psal. 18.31.
• Blessed be the Lord God of Israel from everlasting to everlasting: and let all the people say Amen, Praise ye the Lord: Psal. 106.48.
• Glory be to the Father, &c. Amen.

The Grand Procession, when it hath been celebrated at Whitehall (or else∣where beside Windesor) is for the most and principal part, ordered after the foresaid manner, as may be seen by the following Scheme.

• Serjeant of the Vestry with his gilt Rod.
• Choristers, in Surplices.
• Gentlemen of the Chappel, in Copes.
• Sub-Dean, in a Cope.
• Dean of the Chappel, in a Cope.
• Officers of Arms.
• ...Knights-Companions.
• Officers of the Order.
• The Sword.
• Soveraign, under a Canopy, with his Train carried up.
• The Pensioners, as before.

But in what this Grand Procession differs from that celebrated at Windesor, we shall here note.

• 1. Here the Serjeant of the Vestry leads the Proceeding, and is followed by the Choristers.
• 2. The Prebends and Choire of Windesor, and the Alms-Knights are here wanting.
• 3. The Sub-Dean, and Dean of the Chappel, are r 2.41 taken in, and proceed next to the Gentlemen of the Chappel, to whom sometimes the Soveraign's s 2.42 Almoner hath joined himself.
• 4. Whilst the Knights-Companions are descending from their Stalls, the t 2.43 Gen∣tlemen of the Chappel go into the Vestry, to put on their Copes; but the u 2.44 Dean of the Chappel hath his brought into the Choire, which he puts on below under his Seat.
• 5. Lastly, in Queen Elizabeth's Reign, the w 2.45 Ladies Attendants went with the Pensioners on either side the Soveraign.

The State and Pomp of this Grand Procession, appears both solemn and mag∣nificent to the Eyes of the beholders, since the glory thereof is much augment∣ed, by the (1.) splendor of the Soveraign's Apparel, Canopy, and Train; the (2.) Lustre in which the Knights-Companions shine; the (3.) various Habits of the rest of the Proceeding; the (4.) rich Apparel of the Retinue attending there∣upon; and (5.) lastly, the solemnity of the vocal Musick.

We have already drawn into this x 2.46 discourse,* 2.47 an account of the Soveraign's whole Habit of the Order, and set forth the glory of his Robes, the richness of his Garter, Collar, and George; what falls to have place here, is only the Apparel

or Vnder Habit, provided for him against this high Festival, and this was here∣tofore made of Cloth of Gold, Cloth of Baudkin, and other the richest mate∣rials, which in their several times were most in fashion and use; the same be∣ing set out and adorned with costly Embroideries of Gold, Pearl, and precious Stones, and sutable thereunto were the ornamental Trimmings.

If we look so far back, as to the time of the Institution of the Order, we shall see, that the Founder caused to be made for him, against the fir••t Feast of St. George, these Garments following. A a 2.48 Ioump containing 4 Ells of Blue Taf∣faty b 2.49 powdred with Garters, the Buckles and Pendants Silver and gilt, and no less than c 2.50 72 Buckles were used about it, and as many Pendants to adorn it. As also another d 2.51 Ioump of Blue Sattin, containing 3 Ells, powdred with e 2.52 Blue Gar∣ters, and fitted with as f 2.53 many Silver and gilt Buckles and Pendants as the former. Besides these, there was also provided for him a g 2.54 Sattin Coat, a Cloak and Hood, with h 2.55 100 Garters, fitted with 100 Silver Buckles, as many Silver Pendants, and i 2.56 300 Bars of Silver.

But let this suffice; for in recounting things of this nature, the task would be endless, and the satisfaction but to a few: Nevertheless those who are curious to be informed, of the Robes and Habits of our Kings, throughout the last f•••••• Centuries, may meet with sufficient satisfaction (even in the qualities and parti∣culars of all the Materials) among the Accompts of the Great Wardrobe, in the Exchequer at Westminster.

The Registers of the Order have in them but light touches of this concern, and not frequent neither; yet such as they afford shall here follow. Upon Saint George's day an. 13. Eliz. it is noted, that the k 2.57 Soveraign wearing the Collar of the Order, and the rest of the Habit, was pleased, to the great applause of the Spectators, and satisfaction of all Strangers that were there, to grace the Grand Procession it self with her own presence. In the 26. year of her Reign, she went the Grand Procession, wearing the whole Habit of the Order, and a l 2.58 Dia∣dem of Pearl on her head; and an. 28. Eliz. m 2.59 being gorgeously attired, in the rich Habit of the Order, went about the Palace (at Whitehall) according to the custom, in Processional Pomp and Supplication.

But it must be confest, that this Queen (and only she, of all the Soveraigns of this most Noble Order) did sometimes publickly proceed to the Chappel (aswell as to the great Closet) and also passed in the Grand Procession, without wearing the whole Habit of the Order, as in the n 2.60 8. o 2.61 27. p 2.62 29. and q 2.63 30. years of her R••ign. the Feast day of St. George, being then held at Greenwich, and so did she the r 2.64 following year, when it was kept at Whitehall.

But this may admit of some excuse; first as a Woman, she thought her self not so strictly tyed, to the exact observation of the Rules of so martial an Order; next, notice is often taken of her indisposition of health, at such times, and the whole Habit, being thought a little too heavy and cumbersom, she only wore the s 2.65 Collar of the Order. Howbeit her other Apparel, splendid attire, and the Lustre of her Jewels, (at these Solemnities) exceeded both in richness and glo∣ry, all that she wore at other times.

Among those things which contribute to the Pomp and State of this great Ceremony,* 2.66 the rich Canopy is not the least; which is born by Knights and Gen∣tlemen of Quality, over the Soveraign's head, while he passeth in the Grand Pro∣cession, and till he return to the Choire door.

That which was carried an. 18. Eliz. while this solemn Ceremony was in mo∣tion, was a certain t 2.67 round Canopy of green Taffaty, and born on the sunny side, to shadow the Soveraign from the heat of the Sun: by which description it should rather seem to be an Vmbrella, than a Canopy; for generally Canopies are of another Figure, viz. an oblong square, and made either of Silk and Gold rich Cloth of Gold, or Cloth of Tissue; and to sute with both, it is sometimes called u 2.68 Vmbrella aurea, w 2.69 Vmbraculum aureum, x 2.70 or Canopium vel Coelum portatile auri, to which there are affixed y 2.71 6 Golden Staves, wherewith it is supported.

The persons appointed to carry the Canopy an. 11. H. 8. were z 2.72 4 Knights of the Body, when 4 other Knights bore 4 Wax Tapers; but since, they are the

a 2.73 Gentlemen of the Soveraign's Privy Chamber in Ordinary, who at the time of the Feast are in waiting. Concerning whom, there is this mention made in the Blue Book, an. 26. Eliz. The g 2.74 Soveraign was pleased to follow the Grand Procession, certain persons being placed already at the Choire door, who wear to bear the Ca∣nopy (woven of Gold and Silk) for her to walk under. In her Reign, there were not above b 2.75 6 appointed for this c 2.76 service, but of later times they have been in∣creased to double that number; the first mention whereof, that we have met with, is an. d 2.77 8. Car. 1.

The most usual place at Windesor, where the Canopy bearers attend, to receive the Soveraign, when he enters upon the Grand Processions, is at the Choire door (yet once we find they received him e 2.78 without the outer door of the Chappel) and they who bear it make a stand, when the Soveraign returns to the same place, where they received him, while he passeth from under the same into the Choire, to his Royal Stall. At Windesor the Canopy is aswell used, when the Soveraign descends from the Presence Chamber, in the Proceeding to the Chap∣pel, on the Feast day in the Morning, as during the time of Procession; but at Whitehall, it is carried over the Soveraign's head, during the time of the Grand P••••cession only.

* 2.79In this solemn Proceeding (and at all other times of Publick Proceeding, du∣ring the continuance of the Feast) the Soveraign hath the long Train of his Man∣tle, carried up by several of the young Nobility, appointed to this Service; con∣cerning which we shall observe,

That this Custom, of holding up the Train, is a very ancient kind of honor; and derived (some think) from the f 2.80 Roman Emperors, others from the Popes, Cardinals, and Bishops; who, as they used to kneel down to offer at the Altar, or perform any other part of Divine Service, had the end of hindermost part of their Stoles, or long Robes, held up behind from the ground, by their Arch-D••aecons, in token of great veneration and honor. But what Erhardus Cellius affirms, as more peculiar to our purpose, is this; g 2.81 That as Kings have anciently been accounted Priests, so King Edward, the Founder of this most Noble Order, or∣dained this sacerdotal honor of the Train, to be added to the Habit of the Order.

Which Ceremony of carrying up the Train, as it hath been anciently afford∣ed to Kings, both in England, France, and elsewhere, so at length, it was drawn down into use, by great Personages of both Sexes, at grand Solemnities, Assem∣blies, Marriages, &c. whereof the foresaid Author gives h 2.82 sundry Examples.

A description of the Train, together with the manner of bearing it up, as of the Fashion and Figure, wherein it then shews it self, is also given us by him; for speaking of the Duke of Wirtemberg's Train, that was carried up (ac∣cording to the English Fashion) at his solemn reception of the whole Habit of the Order of the Garter, he takes occasion to tell us, that this Appendix or Sup∣plement, trailing from the hindermost part of his Mantle, is commonly called Syrma, as being i 2.83 in the likeness of the Tail and Wings, which Nature hath gi∣ven for ornament to the Peacock. The k 2.84 Lady Isabell, Daughter to the French King Henry the Second, when she was married by Proxy to Philip the Second King of Spain, l 2.85 an. 1559. had her Train carried up from the ground, by Mary Queen of Scotland (who had been lately married to the Dauphin of France) and two other young Ladies, Sisters of the Bride.

This being premised, the Persons, together with their quality, who have had the honor to bear up the Soveraign's Train, at the Grand Festival, or other so∣lemn Assemblies, relating to this most Noble Order, fall in now to be spoken of; they being appointed by the Soveraign, and notice thereof sent unto them, by the Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold, to the end they may give their atten∣dance accordingly.

The ancientest Example we have met with, of performing this Service, in re∣lation to the Solemnities of the Order, is that of m 2.86 an. 21. H. 7. at the Installa∣tion of Philip King of Castile, when the Soveraign's Train, as he went to make his Offring at the high Altar, was n 2.87 born up by one of the Canons of the Colledge.

Queen Elizabeth had (for the most part) her Train carried up by great Ladies,

when she proceeded to the Closet at Whitehall, on the Eve of St. George; and in particular, by the o 2.88 Lady Marchioness of Northampton, in the third year of her Reign, an. 4. by the p 2.89 Dutchess of Suffolk, an. 5. by the q 2.90 Dutchess of Norfolk an. 6. by the r 2.91 Lady Margaret Clifford, Wife to the Lord Strange, in the 7. and 9. years by the s 2.92 Dutchess of Somerset, an. 8. by the Countess of Rutland, and an. 10. on the Eve of the Grand Feast, by the foresaid Dutchess of t 2.93 Suffolk.

At other times, this service hath been performed by persons of honor, both men and women together, as on the Grand Feast day an. 19. Eliz. the u 2.94 Earl of Oxford bore up the Train of the Soveraign's Robe, and the w 2.95 Countess of Derby that of her Kirtle. But an. 5. Eliz. the Dutchess of Norfolk carried up the Train both of the x 2.96 Robe and Kirtle.

Sometimes the said Soveraign had her Train carried up by the Register of the Order, as on St. George's day an. y 2.97 2. & z 2.98 3. Eliz. But of late times young Noble∣men have performed this Office, the most honorable person, going on the right hand, as an. 3. Car. 1. * 2.99 the Duke of Lenox, and Earl of Caernarvon, an. 8. Caer. 1. ‖ 2.100 Visc. Grandison, the Lord Wentworth, and the Lord Carew of Lepping∣ton. So 8. Oct. an. * 2.101 15 Car. 1. the Duke of Buckingham and his Brother, with the Lord Buckhurst, and Lord Cavendish.

Assistants have been usually appointed, to those honourable personages, who carried up the Soveraign Train; and in this quality an. 18. Eliz. the a 2.102 Earl of Oxford, Lord High Chamberlain of England, assisted the Countess of Derby, which service the Vice-Chamberlain had before discharged, for many years to∣gether, viz. in the b 2.103 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10th Years of Queen Eliz. and since the Gentleman of the Robes, for so did c 2.104 Mr. Kirke an. 8, 9, & 11 Car. 1. The place of the Assistant, in the Proceeding, is upon the left hand of the Train-Bearers.

This honor of bearing up the Train, hath been in like manner afforded to Stranger Kings, at such times, as they have personally been present at Windesor, and in particular to Philip King of Castile, an. 21. H. 7. who in his approach towards the High Altar, to make his Offering, had his d 2.105 Train carried up by his own Chamberlain.

In like manner the Lieutenants or Deputies to the Soveraign, constituted for holding the Grand Feasts of St. George, (and consequently his representatives) have had their Train carried up, in the Proceedings; For instance, the Earl of Arundel, being the Soveraigns Lieutenant for holding St. Georges Feast, an. 31. H. 8. after such times as he had offered for the Soveraign, his e 2.106 Train was let down, when he came to offer for himself, in the quality of a Knight-Companion. And this hath been the usage in all times since.

And not only the Train of the Soveraigns Lieutenant or Deputy, but sometimes that of a Stranger Kings Mantle, hath been carried up, when his Proxy pro∣ceeded to Installation; as in the case of the French King f 2.107 Charles the Ninth, an. 8. Eliz. when Monsieur Rambouillet, bearing the Mantle of his Principal upon his right Arm, had the Train thereof carried up, by g 2.108 Henry Earl of Southamp∣ton, assisted by the h 2.109 Lord Herbert.

Furthermore, this Ceremony of bearing up the Train, hath been also per∣formed unto Stranger Princes, in their own Countries, (and that in reference to the Custom of England) at those solemnities relating to this most Noble Order, whereof i 2.110 Erhardus Cellius gives us an instance, in Frederick Duke of Wirtemberg, who as soon as he was invested with the Surcoat and Mantle, in the great Hall at Studgardt, proceeded thence to the great Church of St. Vlrick, to receive the rest of the Habit of the Order, having his k 2.111 Train born from the ground, by the Noble and Illustrious Count Lodowick Leosten; l 2.112 who likewise carried it after him, throughout the whole Ceremony.

And lastly the Knights-Companions have (in this Proceeding) their Trains car∣ried up by their own Gentlemen.

Another piece of Ceremony, in the State of this Grand Proceeding, we find m 2.113 once added, and that was the bearing of Queen Elizabeth's n 2.114 Cloak and Hat along with her; the one by Sir William Howard, the other by Sir Christopher

Hatton, then Captain of her Guard: but as this was the first, so was it the last time that either of these, are mentioned to be thus publickly carried.

* 2.115 In the second place, the Cloths and Apparel (or under Habit) of the Soveraign and Knights-Companions, have for many years past, been made of white Sattin, and in the fashion of the times; which the present Soveraign observing to be laid aside, and others introduced, He, to prevent profuseness in Apparel, and emula∣tion among the Knights-Companions, as also to beget an uniformity and equality, among them in the under, no less than in the upper Habit of the Order, thought ••it to appoint a set, and constant Habit of Cloth of Silver, made in the fashion of Trunk Hose, with white silk Stockings, to be worn by himself and them, upon all solemn occasions, relating to the Order; for the observation of which, an o 2.116 Or∣der past in Chapter, an. 13 Car. 2.

As to other Ornaments the chiefest are the variety of rich Jewels, which surround or adorn their Caps, and where else they may appear most conspicuous.

But besides the glory and splendor, which shoot from the Habits and Orna∣ments of the Soveraign and Knights-Companions, who are principal in this grand Ceremony, there are others, that make up the body of the Proceeding, and may fitly be compared to Stars of the middle and lesser magnitude, since we find them adorned in Robes particular to their Offices, to distinguish and set off the lustre of the show; among whom are, first,

* 2.117 The five Officers of the Order, namely the Prelate, Chancellor, Register, Garter and Black Rod; of whose Habits we have sufficiently spoken p 2.118 before.

The Provincial Kings, Heralds, and Pursuivants, habited in their rich Coats, and going together in one Body,* 2.119 appear more conspicuous, from the Royal Arms of the Soveraign of this most Noble Order, richly imbroidered upon them with fine gold, purles, and twist; the ground of the Provincial Kings Coats, being at this day blew Velvet, the Heralds blew Sattin, and the Pursuivants blew Damask.

* 2.120 The Habit in which the Canons of the Colledge proceed, is also peculiar, and more remarkable, because of their particular reference to this most Noble Order: for though as Clergy men, they are vested in Linen Surplices, at all times of Divine Service, or the Celebration of Sacred Offices, yet at the Solemnities peculiar to the Order, they wear a Mantle over those Surplices, which is a Habit appointed for them, from the foundation of the Order.

These Mantles are of Taffety and of the ancient colour, to wit q 2.121 Murry; upon the r 2.122 right shoulder of which is a Scutcheon of St. Georges Arms within a Run∣delet, imbroidered with Gold and Silk••; and bought at their own charge, for we do not find them entred among the Liveries of the Garter, provided by the Soveraign.

* 2.123 In Habits yet more glorious, do the Gentlemen of the Soveraigns Chappel at Whitehall, the Petty-Canons, and Vicars of Windesor appear; who at this time are also joined in one Body, to augment the Solemnity: for they are all (or the most part of them) Vested in Rich Coaps of Cloth of Gold, Cloth of Bod∣kin, or most costly Imbroideries: But the Children of the Chappel, and Chori∣sters do always proceed habited, in Surplices of fine Linen.

By a memorial we have met with, a. 22 H. 8. we find how well stored this Colledge then was, with such sacred Vestments; when at one Procession appointed by the Soveraign in honor of St. George, there were s 2.124 35. Copes of rich Cloth of Gold made use off.

These kind of Vestments, have been in all times worn in the Grand Procession, whether the Grand Feast was kept at Windesor, or at Whitehall, or Hampton-Court, or Greenwich, even to the beginning of the late Wars, in which the covetous barbarism of the then Reformers, sent most of them to the fire; Besides, they are sometimes taken notice of, in the Registers of the Order, to be used in the Grand Procession; as in particular, an. 15 Iac. Reg. it is noted, that the t 2.125 whole Choire, being adorned in Copes, (for so we suppose the word Orarium may sig∣nify, as well as Dalmatica Vestis) descended from the Altar, and sung the Letany; and to like purpose is that recorded, an. u 2.126 21. of the same King.

* 2.1277. Lastly, the Habits of the Alms-Knights [a Mantle and Kirtle] are not unre∣markable;

they being grave and civil, and both for colour and materials, appear sutable to their Age and Degree. The Mantles are of Cloth, which the Sta∣tutes appoint to be of a w 2.128 Red Colour, with a Shield of the Arms of St. George, but without any Garter to surround them. In conformity whereunto, when Queen Elizabeth's Orders and Rules, for the establishment of good Government, among these Alms-Knights were x 2.129 made; It was therein Ordained, that each of them should have yearly for their Livery, a y 2.130 Gown of Red, and a Mantle of blew or purple Cloth, with a z 2.131 Cross of St. George embroidered in a Scutcheon, (without the Garter) but to be set upon the left shoulder.

In this Grand Proceeding, we observe the Habits so ordered, that the more grave and civil, being placed between those that are rich and gallant, entertain the Beholders with a more delightful prospect. For such we see are the Officers of the Order, who proceed between the Soveraign and Knights-Companions; the Canons of the Colledge, who pass between the Heralds and Gentlemen of both Chappell; and lastly, the Alms-Knights who go immediately before the Choristers.

The Registers of this Noble Order make frequent mention of divers persons of rank and quality,* 2.132 who at this Solemnity of St. George, put themselves upon the duty of attendance on the Soveraign, because, otherwise, related to his Service, although in reference to the Order not so concern'd, as to be taken into the Pro∣ceeding. Such are divers of the Nobility, sometimes great Ladies, many consi∣derable Officers of the Houshold, and other Courtiers; all richly habited and at∣tired, thereby adding to the Gallantry of this solemn Ceremony.

Concerning these it is remembred, an. 35. Eliz. that the Soveraign's Proceed∣ing in publick to the Chappel, was not only attended in all points by the Knights-Companions, and a 2.133 other of her Nobles, but accompanied also with a great Train of her Ladies of Honor, and a numerous concourse of Foreiners and Dowesticks, looking on and wishing all happiness.

Nor may we here omit some other Servants, who attend upon the Soveraign and Knights-Companions at the Feast, they deserving notice, both for their num∣ber and rich Liveries. Such were the Henxmen anciently (now called Pages of Honor) who waited on the Soveraign; Upon the Knights-Companions attended divers Gentlemen, wearing Blue Coats, and on their left Sleeves the Cognizances of those Lords whom they waited upon, adorned with valuable Gold Chains: to these we shall add, both Pages and Footmen, always clad in exceeding gallant and rich Liveries.

At the Feast of St. George, an. 11. Car. 1. there was Exceptions taken by the Earl Marshal, at the Earl of Berkshires Servants, for that their Cognizances were adorned with b 2.134 Coronets set over them, and it was thereupon c 2.135 Ordered, to be amended against the next occasion of wearing them, upon a publick account. And by special directions from the late Soveraign King Charles the First, in the beginning of his Reign, d 2.136 the Coats of the Footmen, belonging to the Knights of the Order, were then, and for the future, forbid to have the Garter embroider∣ed about their Badges, as being too great an abasement of that first and chiefest Ensign of the Order, to be worn by persons of so mean rank; which excess, for the same reason, deserves reformation, in the Water-mens Badges, too frequently worn within a Garter, in this Age.

The Henxmen followed, in the Grand Procession, neer to the person of the So∣veraign, but the Gentlemen, Pages, and Footmen belonging to the Knights-Compa∣nions, did not go in this Proceeding, but were e 2.137 marshalled before it set forward, from the Choire door, on both sides the Processional way, and here and there in∣termixt with the Yeomen of the G••rard, to keep off the Press.

The Habit wherein the Henxmen were usually drest, was rich and gay, as could be devised, being oftentimes embroidered with ingenious and pretty De∣vises, such as best liked the fancy of the Soveraign. We have seen the f 2.138 account for the Apparel of 12 Henxmen, who attended on the Soveraign at St. George's Feast, an. 11. H. 6. the Sleeves of their Gowns being embroidered, each with

three sprigs of Broom, and three Peacoks Feathers bound together, wrought with Silks of divers Colours, and the Soveraign's Motto [Dieu & mon Droit] embroidered thereupon.

* 2.139 To compleat the pomp of this great Ceremony, we may (in the last place) fitly remember the Musick as a part thereof; it being particularly taken notice of, in most places of the Register, where the Grand Procession is recorded. The Choires both of the Soveraign's Chappel at Whitehall, and this at Windesor, being here (as before is noted) united; all singing the sacred Hymn together, while the Grand Procession devoutly passeth on.

This Hymn was composed and set with Verse and Chorus, by Captain Cook Master of the Children of the Soveraign's Chappel; by whose direction some In∣strumental loud Musick was at that time introduced, namely two double Sack∣bots, and two double Courtals; and placed at convenient distance, among the Classes of the Gentlemen of both Choires, to the end, that all might distinctly hear, and consequently keep together, in both time and tune. For one Sack∣bot and Courtal was placed before the four Petty Canons, who begun the Hymn, and the other two, immediately before the Prebends of the Colledge.

And now behold the Sculp of the Grand Procession, as it was ordered upon this solemn occasion, an. 23. Car. 2. designed and etchedy Mr. Wineslaus Hollar; in which, the Postures and Habits are exprest with singular spirit and freedom.

* 2.140 Upon the return of the Grand Procession to the Choire door, the Alms-Knights first advance into it, and after double Reverences, ascend above the Haut Pas's to the Altar.

Next the Choristers, and in like manner the Vicars, Petty Canons of Windesor, Gentlemen of the Chappel, and Prebends go to their Seats.

Then the Officers of Arms pass up, and joyn to the Alms-Knights.

After this, the Knights-Companions enter and stand before their Stalls.

The like doth the Black-Rod, Garter, and Register.

As also the Chancellor and Prelate.

Then doth the Soveraign take his Royal Stall.

The Knights-Companions ascend their Stalls.

The Officers of the Order sit down on their Forms: And all this is done in the same manner and order, and with like Reverences, as at their entrance into the Choire on the Eve of the Feast.

Then the Prelate, with two Prebends (appointed to read the Epistle and Gospel) are conducted, the one by the Serjeants of the Vestry, the other by the Verger, up to the Altar (which they approach with usual Reverences) the Prelate pas∣sing to the North side, and the Prebends to the South, to finish the remaining part of Divine Service.

Whereupon the Officers of Arms descend into the Choire, and,

The Alms-Knights go down to their Seats. Which, while they are so doing, the two Prebends put on their Copes, at the South side of the Altar,

This done, the Prelate begins the second Service.

SECT. IV. The order of the Second Service.

THE order and course of the Second Service, since the time of Reforma∣tion in the Church of England, hath been celebrated according to the directions set down in the Book of Common-Prayer, established by Act of

[illustration]

THE GRAND PROCESSION OF THE Soveraigne and knights Companions ANNO 23 CAROLI 2

Parliament, being the same commonly used on any other Feast-day; excepting that a peculiar Epistle and Gospel, made proper to this Festival, hath been ap∣pointed to be read in their due place of the Service. The Epistle being the 33. Chapter of Deuteronomy; next follows the Gospel, taken out of the 5. Chapter of the Gospel of St. Iohn, beginning at the 24. Verse, and ending at the 30. which being read the Creed is sung.

The Office appointed to be used on this Feast day in the Chappel of St. George, in Windesor Castle, before the Reformation, may be seen in the Breviarie and Missale ad usum ac consuetudinem Sarum, which we have transcribed hither; for (in regard that the Colledge of Windesor was situate within the Diocess of Salis∣bury) the Statutes of the Colledge did appoint and ordain, k 2.141 that the use and cu∣stom of singing, pronouncing, and celebrating Divine Service, of attending in the Choire and at the Altar, or of celebrating about it the Masses peculiar to the day, or of the Virgin Mary, as also for the dead, as well in celebrating as read∣ing, singing, standing, sitting, both in the Choire and without it, and all things whatsoever, which were observed in the Church of Salisbury, should be ob∣served in this Chappel of St. George, according to the conveniency of place and exigency of persons: To the observation of this Statute, they were also obliged by the l 2.142 Injunctions of Iohn Archbishop of York, Chancellor of England, under the penalty of paying 12 d. to the Treasury of the Colledge, by every one, that should be guilty of violating or infringing the same. What difference there is between the foresaid Office, and that appointed to the use of the Church of York (in re∣gard it is but small) we shall also note, and then close this Section with the Hymn and Prayer, out of the Primmer of Salisbury.

If any be further curious to know, what alteration hath been made since our Reformation, in this Office in the Roman Church (for since then, they have seen cause to mend and refine divers things, in their publick Liturgie) they may have recourse to the Breviarium Romanum and Missale Romanum, Ex decreto Concilii Tridentini restitutum, wherein the Service is m 2.143 noted to be very solemn, and (for the honor of St. George) scarce any Festival there, is celebrated, with more variety of proper and Divine Offices.

Officium proprium Sancti Georgii, prout extat in Portiforio (seu * 2.144 Breviario) Salisburiensi Londini excuso 1555. In proprio de Sanctis,* 2.145 Part. Hiemali, ad diem April 23.

Rubrica.

Sancti Georgii Martyris. Tres Lectiones, cum regimine Chori, duplex Festum.

Capitulum.

Iste sanctus qui pro Lege Dei sui certavit us{que} ad mortem: & à verbis im∣piorum non timuit: fundatus enim erat supra firmam petram.

Oratio.

Deus qui nos beati Georgii Martyris tui meritis & intercessione laetificas; concede propitius, ut qui ejus beneficia poscimus, dono tuae gratiae consequamur, per dominum nostrum Iesum Christum.

Lectio 1.* 2.146

Sanctus & verus Dei Cultor Georgius Cappadociae regionis oriundus, cum videret multos Deum blasphemantes, & cum Daciano daemones adorantes, spi∣ritu sancto repletus in hanc vocem prorupit: Omnes dii Gentium daemonia, Dominus autem caelum fecit. Dacianus ait ei, qua temeritatis andaciâ, nobis

injuriam irrogans, Deos nostros daemonia vocas? fatere tum ex qua Provinciâ huc advenisti, vel quo nomine vociferis.

Lectio 2.

Sanctus Georgius dixit: Christianu•• & Dei servus sum, Georgius nuncu∣por, genere Capadocus, patriae meae comitatum gerens. Elegi verò temporali dignitate carere, & immortalis Dei imperio servire. Dacianus ait ei: erras Georgi, accede & immola Deo Appollini. Beatus Georgius respondet, Domi∣no enim meo Iesu Christo exhibeo culturam, Regi omnium seculorum, non Apol∣lini auctori Daemonionum.

Lectio 3.

Iratus Dacianus jussit S. Georgium in Equuleo levari, & extensum mem∣braetim ungulis lacerari. Deinde lateribus ejus lampades ardentes applicari; salem verò in vulnera aspergi, & cilicio plagas ejus fricari; plumbo{que} bullienti Georgium immitti, extractum{que} per vicos ut reum fecit trahi. Cum{que} trahe∣retur ad locum supplicii, flexis genibus gratias egit Deo; & sic capitalem pro Christo subiit sententiam.

Rubrica.

Caetera de Communi unius Martyris de Pasc. temporis.

What is set down above, is proper to St. George, but the rest of the Office used on St. George's day (being common to him with other Martyrs) is not set down, but referr'd to that part of the Portiforium, called Commune.

* 2.147Sancti Georgii Martyris Officium.

Protexisti me Deus à conventu malignantium, Alleluia; à multitudine ope∣rantium iniquitatem. Alleluia, Alleluia.

Psalmus.

* 2.148 Exaudi Deus orationem meam cum deprecar: à timore inimici eripe animam meam.

Oratio

Deus qui nos beati Georgii martyris tui, meritis & intercessione laetificas: concede propitius; ut, cujus beneficia poscimus, dono tuae gratiae consequamur. Per Dominum nostrum Iesum Christum.

Lectio beati Jacobi Apostoli. 1.

* 2.149Carissimi, omne gaudium existimate, cum in temptationes varias incideri∣tis: Scientes quòd probatio fidei vestrae, patientiam operatur: Patientia autem opus perfectum habeat: ut sitis perfecti & integri, in nullo deficientes. Si quis autem vestrum indiget sapientiâ, postulet à Deo qui dat omnibus affluenter, & non improperat: & dabitur ei. Postulet autem in fide nihil haesitans. Qui enim haesitat, similis est fluctui maris, qui à vento movetur & circumfertur. Non ergo existimet homo ille, quod accipiat aliquid à Domino. Vir duplex animo, inconstans est in omnibus viìs suis. Glorietur autem frater humilis, in exaltatione suâ: dives autem in humilitate suâ, quoniam sicut flos foeni tran∣sibit: Exortus est enim sol c••m ardore: & arefecit foenum, & flos ejus deci∣dit: & decor vultûs ejus deperiit: Ita & dives, in itineribus suis marces∣cit. Beatus vir qui suffert temptationem: quoniam cùm prob••tus fuerit, acci∣piet coronam vitae, quam repromisit Deus diligentibus se. Alleluia.

Laetabitur justus in Domino, & * 2.150 sperabit in eo: & laudabuntur omnes recti corde.

Sequentia.

Organicis canamus modulis Georgii solennia. Omnigenis Domino vocibus reddentes odas debitas: Qui in suis sanctis mirabilis nimis, multiplici vir∣tutum flore eosdem decorat, ac mirificè adornat. Nam & in ipsis quasi in quibusdam musicis instrumentis, digito proprio fides agitat, fides virtutum so∣noras; his numerosè percurrens singulas. Permiscet singulis diatessaron mel∣lifluam melodiam; quam generat virtutum mater illa, quae aliis decenter com∣posita reddit suavem symphoniam, qua sine cuncta fiunt dissona, necnon & frivola; qua cum omnia sunt consona, necnon utilia: qua justi benè morati, rite petentes excelsa poli sidera alacres decantant nova cantica, in Cithara Threiciâ: quorum agentes festa, consortia mereamur in coelesti patria.

Evangelium secundum Johannem.

In illo tempore,* 2.151 dixit Iesus Discipulis suis, Ego sirm vitis vera, & pater meus agricola est; Omnem Palmitem in me non ferentem fructum tollet eum, & omnem qui fert fructum purgabit eum, ut fructum plus afferat. Iam vos mundi estis propter sermonem quem locutus sum vobis. Manete in me, & ego in vobis. Sicut Palmes non potest ferre fructum à semetipso nisi manserit in vite: sic nec vos nisi in me manseritis. Ego sum vitis; vos palmites. Qui manet in me, ego in eo, hic fert fructum multum, quia sine me nihil potestis facere. Si quis in me non manserit, mittetur foras sicut palmes & arescet: & colligent eum & in ignem mittent & ardet. Si manseritis in me, & verba mea in vobis manserint, quodcun{que} volueritis petetis, & fiet vobis.

Offertorium.

Confitebuntur coeli mirabilia tua Domine:* 2.152 & veritatem tuam in Ecclesia Sanctorum. Alleluia Alleluia.

Secreta.

Offerimus tibi Domine solemne sacrificium pro venerandâ Sancti Georgii martyris tui passione, deprecantes clementiam tuam: ut per haec sacrosancta mysteria: antiqui hostis temptamenta, te triumphante, vincamus: & aeternae remunerationis primum, te largiente consequamur per Dom.

Communio.

Laetabitur Iustus in Domino,* 2.153 & sperabit in eo: & laudabuntur omnes recti corde.

Postcommunio.

Mensae caelestis satiati dulcedine; humiliter te rogamus omnipotens pater: ut intercedente beato Georgio martyre tuo: resurrectionis ejus simus participes cujus sumus morte redempti. Qui tecum, &c.

Here note, that it belonged to the n 2.154 Abbot of Towerhill to read the Gospel, and to the Prior of Medemenham in Norfolk to read the Epistle; for upon them was this duty imposed, until the Reformation; and in whose absence, a o 2.155 Ca∣non, and a Vicar of the Chappel, supplied their place (p 2.156 He that read the Gos∣pel, (after censing by the Epistoler) presented the Heart of St. George, bestowed upon King Henry the Fifth by q 2.157 Sigismund the Emperor) to the Soveraign and Knights-Companions to kiss.

The difference between the Office appointed for St. Georges Day, secundum Sarum, & Ebor. is as followeth.

The Office of the Church of York hath the same Officium, Psalmus, Oratio▪ with Salisbury; but it hath another Epistle, viz. 2 Cor. 5.1. beginning scimus quoniam si terrestris; and ends with the fourth verse.

And other verses follow the Epistle, viz.

Versus. Confitebuntur coeli mirabilia tua Domine, etenim veritatem tuam in Ecclesiam Sanctorum.

Versus. Angelus Domini descendit de coelo & accedens revolvit Lapidem & sedebat super eum.

The Sequentia, is the same with Salisbury, But the Gospel is 16 Math. begin∣ing at the 24. verse. Si quis vult post me venire, &c. to the end of the Chapter.

The Offertorium and Communio, are the same also with Salisbury.

But the Secreta and Post-Communio, the same with the Roman Missal now in use.

The Office secundum Sarum, hath the same Officium, Psalmus, Oratio, Offer∣torium, Communio and Gospel, with the Roman Missall.

But it differs in the Epistle, the Verse following, the Secreta, and Post-Communion.

In the Primmer according to the usage of Salisbury, otherwise called Horae beatissimae Mariae Virginis, secundum usum Sarum. Printed in a small Volume by Winandus de Worde, an. 1529. there is this Hymn to St. George among the Suffrages.

* 2.158De Sancto Georgio. Antiphona.

Georgi martyr inclite, te decet lans & gloria, praedotatum militiâ: per quem Puella Regia existens in tristitiâ, coram dracone pessimo salvatae est. Te ani∣mo rogamus & corde intimo, ut, cum cunctis fidelibus, coeli jungamur civibus, nostris ablutis sordibus, ut simul cum letitiâ tecum simus in gloriâ, nostra{que} reddant labia, landes Christo eum gloriâ.

Vers. Ora pro nobis beate Georgi Christi miles.

Resp. Ut hostes visibiles & invisibiles sint contra no•• valdè debiles.

Oratio.

Omnipotens sempiterne Deus qui deprecantium voces benignus exaudis, ma∣jestatem tuam supplices exoramus: Vt sicut in honore beati ac gloriosissimi martyris tui Georgii Draconem à Puellâ superare voluisti: Ita ejusdem inter∣cessione hostes nostr••s visibiles & invisibiles, ne nocere valeant, à nobis supe∣rari concedas, per Dominum nostrum. Pater noster. Ave Maria.

The same Prayer I find in the Primmers Printed in a Large Quarto at Paris, by Francis Regnault in the Years 1516, 1526, 1527, 1534. and in a small Vol∣lume at Roven, an. 1538.

SECT. V. The Offring of Gold and Silver.

* 2.159BEing now to speak of this solemn and sacred Ceremony, we shall premise; That, whether it be performed in the Soveraign's Chappel at Windesor, or in

any other Church or Chappel whatsoever, the Ceremony is one and the same, having not any thing peculiarly local to Windesor (except the Soveraign's Offring of Gold and Silver instead of the Bezant) or otherwise varying with the place.

The accustomed time of Offring Gold and Silver on the Feast day, is men∣tioned an. 22. H. 8. to be after thea 2.160 Soveraign's return to his Stall, from the Grand Procession, in the time of high Mass; and at this day begins, immediately after this first Sentence of the Offertory is pronounced by the Prelate,

Let your light so shine before men, &c.

This said, the Organs begin to play (continuing so throughout the whole Ce∣remony) and forthwith a Groom and Page of the removing Wardrobe (with Re∣verence first made) unroll a long Carpet, and spread it from before the Altar, downward, upon the Haut pas, ascending thereto, and then stand on each side thereof.

Which being done, the Alms-Knights first, next the Pursuivants, Heralds, and Provincial Kings ascend in usual order, to their wonted Stations before the Al∣tar, and dividing themselves, flank the Carpet on both sides.

Then Garter steps from his Seat, and, after his double Reverences, and the usual manner of waving his Rod, the Knights-Companions descend in their ac∣customed and regular order, and stand before their Stalls.

After this, the Black Rod goes from his Seat, makes his double Reverences in the middle of the Choire, and ascends neer to the Altar, towards which, making a single Reverence, he turns his back, and immediately the Groom of the re∣moving Wardrobe, delivereth unto him a little Carpet, anciently of Silk, now of Cloth of Gold, which he (the said Groom assisting) spreads over that before mentioned, lying on the Haut Pas's to the Altar.

Moreover the said Groom holds upon his arms, a fair Cushen of Cloth of Gold, for the Soveraign to kneel upon, at the time of his Offring, which the Black Rod forthwith lays upon the upper Haut Pas, before the Altar. And note, that as-well in delivering as receiving the Cushen, each of them take the Assay thereof, by kissing it.

These preparations for the Soveraign to offer, being made, the Prelate of the Order takes a large gilt Bason into his hands, to receive the Soveraign's Offring, and placing himself in the middle of the Altar, stands before it with one of the Prebends to assist him.

The Soveraign at this instant arising from his Royal Seat,* 2.161 makes his Reve∣rence towards the Altar, and then descending makes a like Reverence below, and ascends towards the Altar, attended as followeth.

• ...Garter.
• ...Register.
  Chancellor.
  • The Nobleman that bears the Sword.
  • The Soveraign, having his Train born up.
  • The Knight-Companion, who is to give him his Offring, goes a little behind on his left hand.

Being come into the middle of the Choire, he makes another Reverence, and at the first Haut Pas his last.

And albeit, in other matters of Ceremony, the Soveraign performs his part b 2.162 last, yet at the Offring, first, and before all the Knights-Companions. And in this point, Errhard Celius discoursing of the Duke of Wirtemberg's Offring, is mistaken, where he saith, the Soveraign or his Deputy Offer c 2.163 after all the Knights-Companions, and in the last place.

The Officers of Arms were anciently wont to lead on this Proceeding, and pass before the Officers of the Order, and so we find it remembred d 2.164 an. 22. H. 7. an. e 2.165 1. & 2. Ph. & Mar. f 2.166 2. & g 2.167 19. Eliz. and the like attendance was in those

times given to the Soveraign's h 2.168 Lieutenant by them; but this is now altered, and they directed to proceed up next towards the Altar after the Alms-Knights, as before, and together with them, stand in flank on both sides the Carpet, while the Soveraign approacheth the Altar.

He that bears the Soveraign's Offring, is either the senior Knight, the Prince, or the greatest Estate among the Knights-Companions then present, and no other person (of what Degree soever) if he be not one of this most Noble Fraternity, doth perform this service. And once we find the senior Knight had an Assistant for this service, namely an. 18. Eliz. when the Earl of i 2.169 Arundell went on the Soveraign's right hand, and the Earl of Sussex on her left, to give her the Offring.

The Soveraign being come to the upper Haut Pas, kneels, at which instant, the Black Rod on his Knee delivers (with Assay) the Soveraign's Offring to the senior Knight, and he, kneeling, presents it to the Soveraign, which he imme∣diately offers into the Bason, held by the Prelate, assisted as before, who at this instant heretofore also kneeled; but at the Feast celebrated an. 15. Car. 2. the pre∣sent Soveraign gave command, that the Prelate and Canon should * 2.170 stand, while himself, in the humble posture of kneeling, should make his Offring.

Which having done, he ariseth and passeth down the Haut Pas's, where turn∣ing about he makes a Reverence towards the Altar, and thence conducted and attended, as when he came up to Offer, at the entrance into his Stall, he turns about and makes another Reverence, at both which times the Attendants bow towards the Altar also, and ascending into his Stall, doth the like again, and then reposeth himself in his Seat. In that interim the Black Rod takes up the rich Carpet and Cushen, and delivers them to the foresaid Groom, and so descends (with Reverence) to his Form, and stands before it.

In Queen Elizabeth's Reign, it appears the Bezant was Offered by her, and re∣deemed of course (so also at sundry times since) and noted (an. 2. Eliz.) to be of * 2.171 7 l. value. But at the Installation of the Duke of York at Windesor, an. 11. Iac. R. there was a question proposed to the Dean and Canons, k 2.172 whether if the Soveraign should offer his Bezant, it might be redeemed or not? Their answer then was, l 2.173 that whatsoever was there offered, became the Dean and Canons with∣out redemption, whereupon the Soveraign waved offring his Bezant, and offer∣ed m 2.174 both Gold and Silver.

And besides, concerning this thing, there is an Entry made of a passage (up∣on the Register of the Order) which hapned an. 6. Car. 1. n 2.175 That whereas in other places (besides Windesor) the Soveraign is wont to offer a certain golden piece (vul∣garly called a Bezant) to be redeemed afterwards, at a certain price; o 2.176 The Usher of the Black Rod having sometime been admonished, that in these services there is no redemption to be made, never presents the Bezant at Windesor to the Soveraign, but Gold and Silver of English money.

When the Soveraign is absent,* 2.177 and his Lieute∣nant offers for him, he performs the Ceremony in manner and order following.

First (after the preparations made for the Offring, as aforesaid, and Garters double Reverence towards the Altar and the Soveraign's Stall, with a third to the Lieutenant) he descends from his Stall with his usual Reverences, and goes to the steps ascending the Soveraign's Stall, and there stands a while; then making his double obeisance, he proceeds towards the Altar (the Officers of the Order go∣ing before him) with one other Reverence in the middle of the Choire, and ano∣ther at the first Haut Pas of the Altar, having his Train carried up. The q 2.178 Carpet and Cushen is spread and laid for him, by the * 2.179 Black Rod, and Yeomen of the Ward∣robe, with Assay, and the Offring given also with Assay, by the r 2.180 Black Rod, to the senior Knight, or one of the Knights-Companions of highest dignity, at that time present, who attending the Lieutenant up to the Altar, delivers it upon his Knee, and he having put it, kneeling also, into the Bason (held by the Prelate) returns back through the body of the Choire to the s 2.181 Soveraign's Stall, in the same order, and with like Reverences as he came, where standing a while again before it, he makes his single Reverence towards it, and then goes up into his own Stall, where (if it fall out that the Lieutenant is not the senior Knight) he stays to t 2.182 receive the

Reverences of all the Knights-Companions his seniors, as they go up to offer, and when his own turn and course comes to offer, he descends with a double Reve∣rence, and proceeds up with his Fellow (if present) and u 2.183 offers for himself in his own place, and as one of the Knights-Companions; but his w 2.184 Train is now let down, the Assay not given, the Carpet and Cushen taken away, and only two Officers of Arms (but none of the Order) proceeds before him; and assoon as he hath thus offered for himself, he returns to his Stall, by the * 2.185 East end through the Stalls.

But it seems an. 7. Iac. R. that x 2.186 Garter alone on the Feast day, brought up the Prince (then the Soveraign's Lieutenant) when he came to offer for himself, which some of the Knights-Companions observing, alledged that the service ought to have been performed by y 2.187 Clarenceux and Norroy (he being the senior Knight) yet because Garter had so brought him up the day before, it was thought good he should so continue And this we look on as an oversight in Garter, if not igno∣rance, since at the same time we find him guilty of another, as great an Error; for he brought down the Knights-Companions out of their Stalls to offer, z 2.188 be∣fore the Epistle and Gospel were read, which the Relator notes to be done, * 2.189 con∣trary to the use of former times, and in truth very absurd and inconvenient; inasmuch as, besides their long time of standing below in the Choire, while the tedious Ceremonies of the Offring were preparing and performing, the Knights-Companions were now put to exercise their patience, by the inconvenience of a longer standing there, even while the Epistle and Gospel were read, and the Creed sung, and all this before the Offring did begin. But the foresaid mistake was an. 11. Iac. R. rectified, and when the Prince (being the a 2.190 Soveraing's Lieu∣tenant) came to offer for himself, he was then brought up by Clarenceux and Norroy, and not by Garter.

When the Soveraign's Lieutenant hath offered for himself, he b 2.191 returns to the lower end of the Stalls, and passeth thence towards his own, where having paid his usual Reverences, he enters it again, and is there ready to receive the Re∣verences of all the rest of the Knights-Companions, his juniors.

This ceremonious course of the Lieutenant's returning up to his Stall, after he had offered for the Soveraign, and there remaining, until his own turn came to offer, and then to descend again, and offer for himself, and so return to his Stall, was first appointed to be observed by c 2.192 Decree in Chapter an. 7. Eliz. though the entry thereof into the Register of the Order, was (we know not how) neglected; and this return hath been since duly observed, albeit the se∣nior Knight (as very usual) was made the Soveraign's Lieutenant, and then (there being no other Knight that possessed a higher Stall than himself, to offer before him) he, resting a while there, arose, and with usual Reverences came forth a se∣cond time from his Seat, and went up to offer for himself, attended as is before mentioned.

Assoon as the Soveraign (or his Lieutenant) is returned to his Stall,* 2.193 the two Provincial Kings pass down into the middle of the Choire, where making a Re∣verence jointly towards the Altar, and next to the Soveraign, Clarenceux turns himself to the senior Knight, and makes him a third Reverence, while Norroy, at the same instant, doth the like to the next junior Knight, and to both, as an in∣timation of their going up to Offer; then each King retires a little backward, to∣wards the Stalls.

In the mean time, the two senior Knights-Companions draw neer together, and make their double Reverence, and upon the last turning of themselves, Clarenceux and Norroy step forth and pass up before them, until they arrive neer to the Prelate (but where the senior Knight wants his opposite Companion, the two Kings bring him up alone, and he Offers single) then making their Reve∣rences, first towards the Altar, next to the two Knights, Clarenceux retires to the right side, and Norroy to the left, and make themselves ready for a present return, before the Knights-Companions; who in the interim are kneeling toge∣ther, on the upper Haut Pas before the Altar, making their Offring.

This humble posture in Offring, was not (it seems) heretofore generally ob∣served by the Knights-Companions, and therefore an. 4. Car. 1. it occasioned the

passing a Decree to this effect; That in all Offerings to be thenceforth made d 2.194 every one of the Knights-Companions (in honor of God, and in testimony of their obedience and Christian Piety) should most humbly bow their knees.

The Knights-Companions Offrings are both of Silver and Gold, which they put into the foresaid Bason, held to them by the e 2.195 two Prebends before-mentioned, or by ‖ 2.196 one Prebend and the Chantor, and anciently by the * 2.197 Chantor only, when the Offering is made at Windesor; but by the f 2.198 Subdean of the Chappel, when they Offer at Whitehall.

The Offering being made, the Knights-Companions rise, and forthwith divide themselves, Clarenceux conducting the Senior Knight to the g 2.199 lower end of the Stalls, on the Soveraigns side, and there at parting from him makes a Reverence to him; and Norroy conducting the next Junior Knight to the lower end of the Stalls, on the Princes side, with a Reverence also leaves him, and forthwith both Kings return to their Stations, before the Altar.

As soon as the Knights-Companions are h 2.200 entred in, at the nethermost end of the Stalls, they make their double Reverences together; and then pass along the Stalls, till they come to their own, where making the like Reverences, they take their seats.

But if any Stranger King be present at the Offering, he retires not to his Seat (after he hath offered) by the lower end of the Stalls, as is before observed, by other Knights, but along the Choire (like as doth the Soveraign) the same way that he proceeded up: for so did the i 2.201 King of Denmark, an. 4. Iac. Regis, but the k 2.202 Prince and all the other Knights-Companions, who Offered at the same time, went back to their Seats by the nether end of the Stalls: viz. at the end nearest the high Altar, which sometimes is called the l 2.203 upper end, and sometimes the m 2.204 East end, and often the lower end; for so did Prince n 2.205 Arthur an. 15. H. 7. and o 2.206 Francis Duke of Montmorancy, an. 14 Eliz. the like did p 2.207 Prince Henry an. 16 Iac. Reg. and the Duke of York an. 19 & 23 Car. 2.

The Ceremonies of the two Senior Knights Offering being finished, the two Senior Heralds, observing the end of the said Knights last Reverences, pass down into the Choire, after the same manner as did Clarenceux and Norroy, to bring up the two next Senior Knights-Companions to Offer, (for all Offer q 2.208 according to the Seniority of their Stalls) who ascend in the same manner, and with the same Reverences, as did the two Senior Knights, and after they have Offered, are con∣ducted to the lower end of the Stalls, and with usual Reverences take their Seats.

In like manner, do the next two Senior Heralds go down, and bring up the two next Senior Knights to Offer in the before-mentioned Order; which being done, they return to their Stalls as aforesaid. And after them the two Junior Heralds descend, and bring up the two next Knights to the Offering, who re∣turn as did their Seniors.

And if there be yet more Knights-Companions to Offer, then Clarenceux and Norroy begin again, and go down to bring them up to Offer also. After them the Heralds, again by turns, fetch up the rest of the Knights, who proceed up, paired or single, as they have or want their Fellows, until all have made their respective Offerings: for we find not, that the Pursuivants at Arms have at any time performed any part of this Service. But to make the Ceremony more apparent, we shall insert the Order in which the Knights-Companions were con∣ducted up to the Offering, at the Grand Feast, celebrated at Windesor, an. 13. Car. 2. together with the Officers of Arms that proceeded before them.

• Duke of York. conducted to the Of∣fering by Clarenceux and Norroy.
• Earls of Salisbury and Berkshire. conducted to the Of∣fering by York and Lancaster.
• Earl of Northumberland. conducted to the Of∣fering by Windesor and Richmond.
• Dukes of Ormond and Buckingham. conducted to the Of∣fering by Chester and Somerset.
• Earl of Southampton. conducted to the Of∣fering by Clarenceux and Norroy.
• Duke of Albemarle. conducted to the Of∣fering by York and Lancaster.
• Earls of Sandwich and Oxford. conducted to the Of∣fering by Windesor and Richmond.
• Duke of Richm. and Earl of Lindsey. conducted to the Of∣fering by Chester and Somerset.
• Earls of Manchester and Strafford. conducted to the Of∣fering by Clarenceux and Norroy.

And it is to be noted, that where any Knight hath his opposite Companion absent, he goeth up to Offer singly and alone, and so returneth; nevertheless with two Heralds before him (as may also be seen by the precedent Scheme) who conduct him to the lower end of the Stalls, and there, with a joint Reverence take their leave.

In this solemn Ceremony, the order wherein the Knights-Companions Offer, is always according to the Dignity of their Stalls, wherein they sit; for they obtain the honor and title of Seniority, according as their Stalls stand in Order, nearer to the Soveraigns Stall.

As touching the Offerings themselves,* 2.209 which the Soveraign and Knights-Com∣panions do at any time make, in the Chappel at Windesor, they, of right, belong to the Dean and Prebends of that Colledge; having been conferred on them by the s 2.210 Statutes of the Colledge. And it was also Ordained, that t 2.211 the Chantor should see, that all the Offerings there made should be received, collected, and faithfully kept, and at the end of every Month, or weekly if the Colledge required it, give a faithful account of what was so received. By which it appears, that they were not only given to the Dean and Prebends, but care was also taken, by whom they should be received, and when an Account should be rendered. All which was confirmed by King Edward the Third, by the Bishop, and Dean, and Chapter of Salisbury, to whose Jurisdiction the Colledge of Windesor doth belong, and also by the Bishop of Winchester, Prelate of the Garter, the last Day of Novem∣ber, 1352.

Nor do we find but that in pursuance of these Statutes, the Dean and Prebends of the said Colledge, have constantly enjoyed them, until Dr. Mountague came to be Bishop of Winchester and Prelate of the Order; who, it seems, challenged a right to the Offerings, which he had received at the Feast of St. George celebra∣ted at Windesor an. 21 Iac. Reg. Whereupon in a Chapter held on the last Day of the said Feast, the w 2.212 Dean and Canons made their complaint against the said Prelate, for not only receiving the Knights-Companions Offerings, but for detaining them, as also the Soveraigns and Princes Offerings: Of which, the said Prelate being demanded, by the Soveraigns Lieutenant and Knights-Companions present in the said Chapter, he acknowledged, and further answered, that he had left them in the hands of the Subdean of the Chappel, tanquam in deposito. But the Chapter being ready to rise, the matter was not then further debated, but referred to the next Feast.

x 2.213 Bishop Andrews did also de facto, both receive and keep the Offrings, when∣soever he, as Prelate, Officiated at Windesor; but his Executors to avoid Suit, y 2.214 compounded for them.

It appears by the a 2.215 Red Book of the Order, upon Complaint of the Dean and Prebends of Windsor, in a Chapter held the 24. of Sept. an. 4. Car. 1. that b 2.216 power was given to the Knights-Commissioners of the Order, to determine this contention about the Offering, and withal it is there noted, that Bishop Neyle the c 2.217 then Prelate himself also desired, that a Chapter might determine the matter.

But we have not met with any account of what these Commissioners (so im∣powred) did, though by an Expression in the d 2.218 same Book, an. 5 Car. 1. one would guess, as though the thing had been determined against the Prelate. For an Offering having been then made in the Chappel at Windesor, and the Sove∣raigns Offering received by the e 2.219 Bishop of Norwich, that Officiated for the Pre∣late, and the Knights-Companions Offering by the two Prebends, who assisted at the Altar, it is added: f 2.220 That what was Offered, fell according to Law of the place, to the share of the Dean and Prebends: And yet it appears, that the controversy was not ended, since by a subsequent Order of Chapter, (6 Oct. an. 6 Car. 1.) h 2.221 the matter was again referred to the nine Knights-Commissioners of the Order, or any four of them, who were to hear both Parties, and make their Report, that so the same might receive a determination. But here also it is immedi∣ately noted, That the i 2.222 next Morning the Prelate (nequid nimis deni{que} suae sententiae tribuere videretur) voluntarily delivered to the Dean, 9l. 4••. that sum being the moity of the Offerings he had received from the Soveraign and

Knights-Companions. The next Feast after held at Windsor, viz. l 2.223 4. Oct. an. 7 Car. 1. the controversy was again m 2.224 resumed, and after some arguments urged by the Prelate, and answered by the Register, it was n 2.225 Decreed, that the Dean should attend the Knights-Commissioners, at their next sitting, with the Statutes, and other Grants to the Colledge, and that from them the controversie should be deter∣mined. After this, there is another Memorandum made in the same Register, which informs us, that the o 2.226 Prelate by the hands of the Chantor delivered all the Offerings received at the Feas•• p 2.227 an. 9 Car. 1. to the Canons, upon condition of restitution, if it chanced they q 2.228 should be adjudged to him, and not to the Ca∣nons. And whether any final determination was afterwards made herein, we have not hitherto found. But since the return of the present Soveraign, the Offerings received at the Feast of St. George at Windesor, an. 13 Car. 2. were divided between the Dean and Canons resident, the Prelate not disputing the right.

And now that we may see, what hath ordinarily been Offered in Gold and Silver, this following Account of the Offring received by the Bishop of Win∣chester, (attested under his hand, and delivered to the Dean and Prebends of Windesor) will give us some Information.

* 2.229 Sept. 24.1628. The Offring at St. Georges Feast at Windesor, besides the Kings Offring of the Bezant not yet redeemed.

	l.	s.	d.
The whole Offring of the eight Knights —	04	15	00.

Viz.	in Gold.	in Silver.
	s.	s.
The Lord Steward	10	01.
Lord Chamberlain	10	02.
Earl of Kellie	10	02.
Earl of Salisbury	10	02.
Earl of Dorset	10	02.
Earl of Holland	10	02.
Earl of Suffolk	10	02.
Earl of Berk-shire	10	02.
	04 15 00.

The Offrings on Thursday the 25th Day.

	s.	s.
His Majesties Offrings	20	10.
Lord Steward	10	01.
Lord Chamberlain	10	02.
Earl of Kellie	10	02.
Earl of Salisbury	10	02.
Earl of Dorset	10	02.
Earl of Holland	10	02.
Earl of Suffolk	10	02.
Earl of Berk-shire	10	02.
	06 05 00.

	l.	s.	d.
The sum of both, besides the Kings Besant unredeemed is —	11	00	00.

Of which, given to Mr. Cotton who waited at the Altar by me 5 s. for the rest I am answerable.

R. Winton.

When all the Knights-Companions have Offered, and are returned to their Stalls, then doth the Chancellor of the Order make his Reverences; and after him the Register, Garter, and Black Rod, theirs together, and take their Seats.

Upon this the afore-mentioned Groom, and Page of the removing Wardrobe, roll up the long Carpet (spread for the Knights to kneel on) close to the fore∣side of the Altar; which done, the Provincial Kings, Heralds, and ••ursuivants next, and last of all the Alms-Knights, make their Reverences, and pass down into the Choire, and take their stands before the Stalls, where they remain un∣til the Prelate hath finished the Second Service: and then the Prelate, conducted by the Serjeant of the Vestry, comes down from the Altar, with his accustomed Reverences to his Seat. After whom, the two Prebends are brought down by the Verger of the Ch••ppel, who make a Reverence towards the Altar before they descend, next a double Reverence below the first Haut Pas; and lastly ano∣ther towards the lower end of the Choire, and so take their Seats.

SECT. VI. The Return to the Presence.

IMmediately after, all prepare to pass out of the Choire, and to proceed back to the Presence-Chamber, which is done in every point and circumstance, as is set down to have been observed, in the Soveraigns return from the first Vespers.

That is to say,

The Alms-Knights ascend to the Rails before the Altar, and divide themselves on either side.

The Pursuivants, Heralds, and Provincial Kings pass up to their usual station, on the Haut Pas's before the Altar, and there divide themselves likewise.

Then Garter summons down the Knights-Companions, who orderly descend into the Choire.

Next, the Officers of the Order stand up before their Forms.

All this being done,

The Alms-Knights descend, and pass out of the Choire.

The Prebends follow.

Next, the Officers of Arms.

Then the Knights-Companions.

After them the Black Rod, Garter, and Register.

Next, the Chancellor and Prelate.

Then the Sword; and lastly

The Soveraign himself, being attended, as when he entred the Choire; at the Choire door he is received under the Canopy, by the Gentlemen that bear it, and from whence the Band of Pensioners follow his person.

The Proceeding passeth on through the South door of the Chappel, and here, the Trumpets are taken in, and placed before the Alms-Knights, who found all the way up, till they arrive at the stairs foot, going up to the Guard-Chamber: and assoon as they cease, the Drums and Fises begin to beat and play.

Thence the Proceeding passeth into the Presence-Chamber, whither it first ought to go, before the Soveraign pass into the Great Hall to Dinner, and being there arrived, the Knights-Companions take their stands as usually, and after the Soveraign's salutation and their Reverences, the Soveraign retires into the Privy-Chamber for a little while, and the Knights likewise retire themselves, till notice be given that Dinner is ready.

When the Feast was heretofore held at Whitehall, the return of the Soveraign (or his Lieutenant) and Knights-Companions, from the f 2.230 second Morning Service

on the Feast day, was through the great Hall and Guard-Chamber into the Pre∣sence, and thence they retired into the Privy Lodgings till Dinner was ready. But since the Grand Dinner hath been prepared in the Banquetting house there, the Proceeding hath passed from the Chappel, through the said great Hall, over the Terrace (while it stood) and since, from the Chappel, up the Stairs into the Guard-Chamber, down into the Great Court, and so through the covered Walk into the said Room; where being entred, and the Soveraign arrived neer the State (after Salutation and Reverences made, as usually done in the Presence-Chamber) the Soveraign and Knights-Companions retired till Dinner was ready; and hereupon in this Room now, as formerly in the Presence, doth the Proceed∣ing from the Chappel take its termination.

SECT. VII. Of the Dinner on the Feast Day.

THE Soveraign and Knights-Companions having for a while retired, after their return from Morning Service on the Feast day, they make ready to go into St. George's Hall to Dinner; where all things are prepared against their coming. But more particularly, the Soveraign's Proceeding to the Hall is, when he hath notice given him, that the a 2.231 first Mess is set upon his Table: the Dishes be∣ing brought up in the following order; Wind Instruments, from the Gallery at the lower end of the Hall (where the rest of the Soveraign's Musick is placed) sounding all the while.

• 4 Serjeants at Arms, two and two.
  • ...Controller.
  • ...Treasurer.
    • ...Sewer.
      The Messes carried up by the Pensioners.
      • Master of the Houshold.
      • A Clerk Controller.
      • Second Clerk of the Kitchin.
      • ...Cofserer.
      • A Clerk Controller.
      • Chief Clerk of the Kitchin.

But in the Plate representing the Soveraign's sitting at Dinner, the Serjeants at Arms, and Clerks that usually follow the Messes, are omitted, for want of room.

This Dinner hath several Names given to it in the Registers of the Order, all describing and setting forth its magnificence, as b 2.232 Mensa splendida, c 2.233 Regium Epu∣tum, d 2.234 Epulum solenne, and the like: and for the Provisions made for it, they are said to be e 2.235 most costly and delicate, f 2.236 compleatly royal, and set forth with all befitting state and grandeur.

Upon the foresaid notice, the Soveraign and Knights-Companions come forth of the Privy-Lodgings into the Presence-Chamber, with the Officers of the Order before him, and passeth to the g 2.237 middle of the State; where turning about, he makes a stand, while the Knights place themselves on either side, in their h 2.238 usual order, the Officers of the Order i 2.239 retiring a little on the one side and on the other. And assoon as the Knights-Companions have put themselves into rank and ord••r, they make their k 2.240 Reverences to the Soveraign, according to the usual manner, who thereupon re-salutes them, as is accustomed.

It seems, the Prebends of the Colledge had, in King Henry the Eighth's Reign, discontinued the duty of their attendance on the Soveraign, aswell at the Grand Dinner, as at other the Services of the day, which caused an Order to pass for the performance of their accustomed services, particularly at such times; for

at a Chapter holden at Windesor, the l 2.241 12. day of May, the 24, year of the said King, it was Ordained by the Earl of Arundel, then being the Kings Lieutenant, with the assent and advice of the Knights of the Order there present; m 2.242 That the Canons of the Colledge of Saint George, being present at the Feast, should have their Mantles according to the Statutes of the Order, and give their attendance the day of the Feast, as well at Dinner and Grace, as at other the Divine Service, and as of old time hath been accustomed, in avoiding the displeasures of, &c.

Immediately after the Knights-Companions have made their Reverences, the Alms-Knights, Prebends, and Officers of Arms pass on before the Knights-Compa∣nions, through the Guard-Chamber into St. George's Hall, the Officers of the Or∣der following; after whom comes the Soveraign, having his Train carried up as at other times. And being entred a little way therein, the Alms-Knights first, next the Prebends, and then the Officers of Arms, fall off one after another, on the side opposite to the Knights-Companions Table, Clarenceux neerest to the State.

Then the two junior Knights pass a little above Clarenceux, and there facing their Table make a stand, and the rest of the Knights-Companions coming up after, do in like manner make a stand, according to their seniority, the senior neerest the State; through which Lane, the Officers of the Order proceed, con∣ducting the Soveraign till he draws neer to the State, and then do the said Offi∣cers n 2.243 retire, as did the former part of the Proceeding on the side opposite to the Table; the Soveraign in the mean time passeth on to the o 2.244 State, and there turn∣ing himself about, receiveth the Reverences of the Knights-Companions, and re-salutes them as usually.

After this the Soveraign, yet standing directly before the State, hath p 2.245 Water brought him up with three Reverences, by the Noblemen assigned to that service: the Lord Chamberlain, if he be not a Knight of the Order, otherwise the Vice-Chamberlain, going before them; for so did the Earl of St. Albans at the Grand Feast, an. 23. Car. 2. so also did Sir George Carteret an. 19. Car. 2. But an. 3. H. 7. some of the q 2.246 Knights-Companions served the Soveraign with Water. And to be more particular in the Ceremony of the Soveraign's washing, it is noted an. 2. Eliz. that the r 2.247 Earl of Arundel held the Towel, the Earl of Pembroke the Water, the Earl of Derby, and Marquess of Winchester Assistants, the Bason, and the Earl of Derby gave the Soveraign the Assay of it. Again an. 7. of the same Queen, the s 2.248 Duke of Norfolk held the Towel, the Earl of Derby received it, the Earl of Sus∣sex brought the Water, and the Earls of Northumberland and Shrewsbury Assisted; all these being Knights of the Order.

[illustration]

In like manner also, is the Soveraign's Lieu∣tenant served with Water before Dinner (but not by any of the Nobility) of which there are many Examples: among the rest, that an. 3. Eliz. when Sir t 2.249 Tho. Berenger gave him the Water kneeling, and Sir — Radcliff the Towell; as also an. 7. Eliz. when Sir u 2.250 Nicholas Poynes brought him the Towell, and Sir Tho. Be∣renger the Water.

When the Soveraign hath washed, the w 2.251 Pre∣late of the Order says Grace, being assisted with some of the Soveraign's Chaplains; an. 7. Eliz. the x 2.252 Register of the Order assisted him, and an. 9. Eliz. the y 2.253 Bishop of Rochester, then the Sove∣raign's Almoner.

Grace being said, the Soveraign sits down in his Chair, placed in the middle of his Table under the State; for there is the most hono∣rable Seat, and the place where the State is held: And here we have occasion to offer to the Readers view, a draught of the old Wooden Chair, said to be the Founders, yet

remaining in St. George's Hall at Windesor, in which the Soveraigns heretofore sat at Dinner.

Most usually the Soveraign sat alone, though sometimes heretofore, he hath been pleased to admit some of the Knights-Companions to sit at his Table with him: For instance in a few, Sigismond the Emperor, when he received a Per∣sonal Installation at Windesor, at the Grand Feast held there an. 4. H. 5. it is re∣membred, that the Soveraign out of great civility a 2.254 offered the chief place at the Table to him (which hitherto the King, as Soveraign, had retained in the b 2.255 Chappel, and c 2.256 in all the Proceedings) which whether the Emperor accepted of it or not, is not clear enough expressed in the * 2.257 Black Book, but we have met with an anci∣ent memorial which is more particular, and faith, that at Dinner the Emperor d 2.258 kept the State, that is, sat in the middle, and another that saith the * 2.259 King sat on the Emperors right side, and the Duke of e 2.260 Bedford, the Lord Chancellor, the Bishop of Duresme on the Emperors left hand; the Duke of Briga, and f 2.261 another Duke of the Emperors Train, sat both on the Soveraign's side, and all of them on one side of the Table.

Moreover an. 11. E. 4. (the Soveraign then keeping the Feast at Windesor) the g 2.262 Prelate of the Order sat on his right hand, and the Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Essex on his lest. So an. 3. H. 7. the h 2.263 Prelate sat alone on the Soveraign's right hand, at the end of the Table. And in the 24. year of the same King (who then celebrated the Feast at Greenwich) there sat with him at the Boards end the Dukes of i 2.264 Norfolk and Suffolk▪ the Marquess of Exceter, and the Lord Stephen Gardiner Prelate of the Garter.

It is also noted, that at the Feast held at Windesor an. 11. H. 8. only the Lord k 2.265 Richard Fox then Prelate, sat on the right hand of the Soveraign, neer to the Boards end, being served with his * 2.266 Carver, Sewer, and Cupbearer, Mess, Course, and Service, as the Soveraign had. In which ‖ 2.267 place sat also the Bishop of Win∣chester, an. 1. & 2. Ph. & Mar. And an. 22. H. 8. l 2.268 four of the greatest States (be∣ing Knights-Companions) sat at the Soveraign's Table, and the residue of the Knights at their own.

An. 2. Eliz. the Soveraign admitted the Earls of m 2.269 Arundel and Derby, toge∣ther with the Marquess of Winchester, to her Table, who sat at the end thereof on the left hand; and the following year the Duke of n 2.270 Norfolk, the Marquess of Northampton, and Earl of Arundel, sat also at the Tables end. So an. 7. Eliz. the Duke of o 2.271 Norfolk, and Marquess of Winchester; and an. 9. the Earls of p 2.272 Arundel and Pembroke, whilst the other Knights-Companions sat at their own Table.

But this favour and honor was not afforded to any of the Knights-Compani∣ons, since her Reign, no, not at the Installation of the present Soveraign, though a Ceremony carried on with designed indulgence and honor; but we find him then placed at the same Mess with the q 2.273 senior Knight, at the upper end of the Knights-Companions Table.

Assoon as the Soveraign is sat down, the Knights-Companions r 2.274 put on their Caps, and remaining so covered, forthwith retire against the Tables prepared for them; where standing a while, Water is brought to them, and they also s 2.275 wash; there being to t 2.276 each pair a Bason and Ewer, and a Towel allowed, which are brought in by Gentlemen of quality; and having washt, they all sit down.

The order of passing to their Seats at the Table an. 19. Car. 2. was on this manner (and appointed so to be observed for the future) first his Highness the Duke of York entred within the Rails at the upper end of the Table, and so passed down the hither side, to the lower end, and thence up along the Bench side to his place; in like manner followed all the other Knights, according to the seniority of their Stalls; for it is ordained, that they shall sit in u 2.277 that order, not according to their Estates or Degrees (except the Sons or Brethren of Stranger Kings, Princes, and Dukes, who shall keep their place•• or rooms after their Estates) and all on the w 2.278 right hand or further side of their Tables (not one over against another) two and two at a Table, to one Mess. But those whose Companions are wanting sit alone, and have a whole Mess allowed to each of them.

Their meat is usually brought up by the Yeomen of the x 2.279 Guard, y 2.280 and are at∣tended by some of the Gentlemen Pensioners, and others of the Soveraign's Ser∣vants; two to each Table.

And now to descend to the Officers of the Order,* 2.281 who though they sit not at this day in the great Hall at Dinner, yet anciently it appears, they had a Table allowed them there. For first the a 2.282 Black Book rendring an account of the mag∣nificent Feast of St. George, held at Windesor an. b 2.283 3. H. 7. and having spoken some∣what of the Soveraign's splendid and sumptuous Table, as also of that, of the Knights-Companions, placed on the right side of the Hall, ••it tells us, that a c 2.284 little beneath the said Knights-Companions, there sat on both sides the Table, the d 2.285 Dean, the Register of the Order, the Prebends, the Choire and Alms-Knights.

The said Register informs us further, that at the Table set in the e 2.286 middle of the Hall, sat the Lord Bothville Ambassador from the King of Scots, the Lords Edmond of Suffolk, Grey, Morley, Latimer, La Ware, and Barness; a little beneath whom sat the Choire of the Soveraign's Chappel.

At another Table, on the f 2.287 left hand side of the Hall, sat the President Kussem∣burg, with the Ambassadors of the King of the Romans, and the Duke his Son; over against whom on the other side sat the Lord Malpart, Ambassador from the Duke of Britagne, the Lord Housey and others, * 2.288 Knights, Esquires, and Officers which had given their attendance at the high Mass.

Moreover at the Feast holden at Windesor, g 2.289 an. 11 H. 8. we meet with an account of several other Tables set in St. Georges Hall, beside those of the Sove∣raign and Knights-Companions: For on the h 2.290 Southside, opposite to the Knights-Companions Table, was a Table placed for the Lord Steward, at which then sat certain French Gentlemen, being Hostages of France, accompanied with Earls and Lords, and none at that Board under the Degree of a Lord. At i 2.291 the second Table of the said Southside, sat the Dean of Windesor, Doctor Vescy Register of the Order, the Abbots of Towerhill and Medemenham (who that Morning read the Epistle and Gospel) and the Choire or Chappel. And at the k 2.292 West end of the same Table (which was all joined together as far as to the Choire) sat the other Officers of the Order, as l 2.293 Register, Garter, and Vsher of the Black Rod, accompanied with the Lega••s Brother, and four other Strangers, and beneath the Strangers sat divers Knights, next to them sat the m 2.294 Officers of Arms, then several other Gentlemen filled up the Table, unto the Chappel adjoining to the Hall; the residue of Officers sat in the n 2.295 Chappel at divers Tables.

In the eighth year of King Charles the First, the Dinner being then prepared in the Banqueting-House at Whitehall, we find a particular mention of a Table for the Officers of the Order, and in what part of the Room it was then set, namely on the o 2.296 right hand side of the Banqueting-house, over against the Table of the Knights-Companions: who all sat after the manner of the Knights-Companions on the further side of the Table; having their Meat brought and served up to them by the Yeomen of the Guard, and some of the Soveraigns-Servants. And at the Soveraigns command, signified by the Treasurer of the Houshold, they sat covered all Dinner while, the Prelate and Register in their four cornerd Caps, and the other three in their Hats. So also at the next Great Feast viz. an. * 2.297 9 Car. 1. at Windesor, these Officers (Dining in the Great Hall) sat covered, but not till such time as the Soveraign (by the Treasurer of the Houshold) had given com∣mand for it.

And though it was by the Soveraigns command that they sat covered at this time also, yet the following Afternoon it was moved against in Chapter, as a thing unfit to be permitted; ‖ 2.298 because some of the grand Nobility always ser∣ved the Soveraign at this Feast uncovered, and therefore not sitting that the Officers (being all of far lower Degree excepting the Prelate) should sit with their Hats on. Whereupon it was Ordered, p 2.299 That it should be referred to the fur∣ther consideration of the Knights-Commissioners.

Afterwards we find it was Ordered in Chapter on the Eve of the Feast, an. 10 Car. 1. q 2.300 That these Officers should be at their choice, either to keep the Feast privately by themselves, or sit uncovered where the Soveraign Dined. They there∣upon

thence forward, forbore sitting in the Hall, or where else the Soveraign and Knights-Companions sat; and at the Grand Feasts, celebrated at Windesor, since the present Soveraigns Happy Return, they had their Messes served up into the Chappel, at the end of St. Georges Hall, and there Dined.

By what is before spoken, touching the order of sitting at Dinner, an. 11. H. 8. it appears, that the Officers of Arms did then also sit at a Table in St. Georges Hall, which joined to that, where the Officers of the Order also sat. And among the memorials of the Feast held an. 19 Eliz. it is noted that on the r 2.301 Eve thereof, the Heralds had at Supper, their allowance as accustomed, viz. 16 Dishes of Meat at the first course, and 8. at the second.

A s 2.302 little before the Soveraigns second course is sent for, all the press of Peo∣ple (which throng towards the Knights-Companions Tables, out of curiosity to behold them sitting at Dinner and observe their Services) are to be removed away towards the side Tables; whereby a place may be left spacious enough, for the Soveraign to take all the Knights-Companions in view; which being done, the Soveraign t 2.303 stands up and drinks to them (and so is it remembred to be done by u 2.304 King Philip and Queen Mary) they standing all the while unco∣vered, and which they do altogether, till they have pledged him.

And w 2.305 immediately before the said course is brought in, * 2.306 the Press is again removed, from the Knights-Companions Table, to make another spacious lane from the lower end of the Hall up to the State. At which x 2.307 lower end the Officers of Arms assemble, and there make themselves ready to proceed up in the following Order.

• ...Garter,
• Clarenceux and Norroy.
• Heralds, two and two.
• Pursuivants, two and two.

Having put themselves in the foresaid Order, they a 2.308 altogether make their Reverence to the Soveraign, and proceed near the side of the Knights-Compani∣ons Table, until they come to the b 2.309 middle of the Hall, where after another Reverence made, they go still forward, and when Garter hath passed about c 2.310 two yards beyond the Knights Table, and come near the Haut Pas ascending the Soveraigns State, they jointly make the like Reverence again.

Then Garter with a loud and audible voice, crys Larges•• thrice, (though anciently but d 2.311 twice.)

Upon Garters beginning to cry Largess, e 2.312 all the Knights-Companions (except Kings and Great Princes, if any be present) stand up uncovered (so did the f 2.313 Officers of the Order when they Dined in the Hall) until he hath made an end. Which Custom it seems had been, an. 7 Car. 1. for some years g 2.314 discontinued. Then Garter proceeds, and proclaims the Soveraigns Stiles and Titles of Honor; first in Latin, as followeth.

Serenissimi, Excellentissimi, & Potentissimi h 2.315 Monarchae Caroli Secundi Dei Gratia Magnae Britanniae, Franciae, & Hiberniae Regis, Fidei Defensoris, & Supremi Nobilissimi Ordinis Garterii.

Which done, He and all the Officers of Arms, make another Reverence, and Garter Proclaims the Soveraigns Stile in French.

Du Treshault, Tres-excellent & Tres-puissant Monarque Charles le Second par le Grace de Dieu, Roy de la Grande Britaigne, France, & d'Irelande, Defenseur de la Foy, & Soveraign du Tres-noble Ordre de la I••rtiere.

Then Garter and the rest of his Fellows, make another Reverence, and lastly he Proclaims the Soveraign Stiles in English.

[illustration]

Of the most high, most Excellent, and most mighty Monarch Charles the Second, by the Grace of God King of Great Britain, France, and Ire∣land, Defendor of the Faith, and Soveraign of the most Noble Ordre of the Garter.

At the end of which (but not before) Garter and the rest join together, in crying Largess thrice, and then they all make Reverence together.

Hereupon, sometimes the Treasurer of the Houshold puts the Soveraign's Lar∣gess, (which is 10 l. in Gold) into Garter's Hat; and this is afterwards divided among the Officers of Arms, according to Custom. But an. 23. Car. 2. the Lord i 2.316 Chamberlain sent his Warrant to Sir Edward Griffin Knight, Treasurer of the So∣veraign's Chamber, to deliver this Largess Money to the Black Rod, and he put it into Garter's Hat, so soon as the last Largess was cryed.

The proclaiming the Stile being finished, all the Officers of Arms retire about k 2.317 3 yards backward, keeping their Faces towards the Soveraign, and there make another Reverence, and then retyring yet backward, about the same distance, they jointly make another Reverence, after which they retire out of the Hall and go to Dinner.

This Ceremony ended, the Soveraign's second Course is brought up, in the following order, first the Serjeants at Arms, next the Treasurer and Comptroller of the Soveraign's Houshold, next the Sewer, then the Gentlemen Pensioners bearing the Messes, then the Cofferer and Master of the Houshold, the two Clearks of the Greencloth, the two Clearks Controllers, and lastly the two Clearks of the Kitchin following all in the rear, habited in their Gowns, and holding their Caps in their hands; and after the Soveraign's Table is compleatly furnished, then is the second Course served up to the Knights-Companions Tables, by the Yeomen of the Guard, in such order as was the first.

The order of the Soveraign and Knights-Companions sitting at Dinner on the Grand Feast day, an. 15. Car. 2. The order in proclaiming the Stile, and bring∣ing up the second Course, with an exact prospect of the inside of St. George's Hall at Windesor, we have here drawn together for the Readers better view.

But where any Knight-Companion happens to be Installed at this Grand Feast, and is present at Dinner, then Garter, and the Officers of Arms, proceed in or∣der (after they have proclaimed the Soveraign's Stile as before) from the lower end of the Hall, till they come before the new installed Knights Mess, and there he crys Largess once, and proclaims his Stile in English only, after which they retire backward, and go to Dinner. Concerning which, we had a full and remarkable instance in the 13. year of the present Soveraign, when the Duke of York and other Knights were Installed: For after Garter had proclaimed the Soveraign's Stile, and he, together with the Officers of Arms, had retired to the lower end of the Hall, they all proceeded again, as at proclaiming the Soveraign's Stile, to the upper end of the Knights-Companions Table, where his Highness the Duke sat, and there Garter cryed Largess twice, and proclaimed his Stile in English; then after a joint Reverence made, Garter and the Heralds now joining with him cryed Largess twice. This done, they went backward, as before, to the next senior Installed Knight, and proclaimed his Stile, and cryed Largess but once, the like to all the rest installed at that Festival, and so they departed out of the Hall to Dinner.

It seems to have anciently been the custom of other great Feasts, besides this of St. George, at the second Course, when the Soveraign's Stile was to be proclaim∣ed, for Garter and the Officers of Arms, to proceed in order up to the Kings Table, and there to cry Largess, and upon the receipt of the Kings Largess (in the name of all the Officers of Arms) first to make some short Oration to the King, and then to proclaim his Stile; for so z 2.318 an. 20. H. 7. when the King kept his Easter in great State at Greenwich, have we met with the following Speech (among some Collections of Sir Thomas Wryothesley then Garter) made to the King in humble thankfulness, for the Largess at that time bestowed upon the Officers of Arms.

Most high mighty and excellent Prince, most victorious and Christian King and also our most drede Soveraine and naturell Lord, by whom, through Gods provis••on, vertue ys greatly incressed and vice oppressed, juxta illud sapientis abhominabiles Regi agunt Impii qui Justitia formatur solium, the which to your Highnesse is,* 2.319 viz. Incressing of vertue and honor perpetual, and to your subjects continuall Welth teste Salustio, quia diviciarum & forme gloria fluxa at{que} fragilis est virtus clara perpetua{que} habetur and as concerning us your Officers of Armes, and Servants of honour and of Noblesse, in as moche as in us ys, we humbly thanke your good grace of the grete and abundant Largess geven unto us, in the honour of God and of his most glorieuse Resurrection: and for as moche as wee suffice not to geve graces condigne unto your Highness, Nam quod praestare tanto, &c. Wee meekly beseech almighty God long to preserve maintaine and encresse your most noble and royall Estate, which ys the singuler Welthe and comfort of this your realme, and of all your trewe subjects; and to send you the perfict knowledge and victory over all your enemys.

Nor was it unusual for Poets, in former times, to present the Soveraign with the issue of their Fancies, having a subject so noble as this of the Grand Feast; among whom, the following Verses were presented to King Henry the Seventh, at the Feast of St. George celebrated at Windesor in the 3. year of his Reign, pro∣bably by Mr. Iohn Skelton (after made Poet Laureat) who about that time began to be of some esteem.

* 2.320 O moste famous Noble King! thy Fame both spring and spreade, Henry the Seventh our Soverain in eiche Regeon, All England hath cause thy grace to love and dread, Seing Embassadores sethe fore protectyon, For Ayd, helpe, and succore, which lyeth in thie Ele••yone. England now Rejoyce for Ioyous mayess thou bee, To see thy Kyng so florethe in Dignetye.

This Realme a Seaforte stoode in greate Iupardie, When that Noble Prince deceased King Edward; Which in his Dayes gate honore full nobly, After his decesse nighe hand all was marr'd, Eich Regione this Land dispised mischefe when they hard: Wherefore Rejoyse for joyous mayst thou be, To see thy Kynge so floreth in high dignetye.

Fraunce, Spayne, Scoteland, and Britanny, Flanders also, Three of them present keepinge thy Noble Feaste, Of St. George in Windsor, Ambassadors comying more, Eich of them in honore bothe the more and the lesse, Seeking thie grace to have thie Noble begesse; Wherefore now Rejoise and joyous maisse thou be, To see thy Kynge so florishing in dignetye.

O Knightly Ordere clothed in Robes with Gartere, The Queen's grace and thy Mother clothed in the same; The Nobles of thie Realme Riche in araye, Aftere Lords, Knights and Ladyes, unto thy greate same, Now shall all Embassadors know thie Noble Name, By thy Feaste Royal; nowe joyeous mayest thou be, To see thie King so florishinge in dignety.

Here this day St. George Patron of this Place Honored with the Gartere, these of Chevalrye, Chaplenes synging processyon keeping the same, With Archbushopes and Bushopes beseene nobly,

Much people presente to see the King Henrye; Wherefore now St. George all we pray to thee, To keepe our Soberaine in his dignetye.

At the Grand Feast held at Windesor, a 2.321 an. 4. Car. 1. the Queen (her Ladies at∣tending) was conducted into St. George's Hall, a b 2.322 little before the Soveraign's Stiles were proclaimed, to see the Soveraign and Knights-Companions sit at Dinner.

At the Feast there celebrated by the present Soveraign,* 2.323 in the 15. year of his Reign, the Soveraign's Stiles were not proclaimed (as many times heretofore) until the second Course was set upon the Table, but it was by the Soveraign's special direction, because he expected the Queens coming into the Hall, to see the state and glory of the Feast; who staying something long, and the second Course being already brought to the lower end of the Hall, and the Sove∣raign seeing it stand there, gave command it should be set upon the Table, but that the proclaiming of his Stiles should be yet forborn. Immediately after, the Queen attended with her Ladies, entred St. George's Hall, and passing up the middle, came to the Soveraign's Table, where she was seated on his right hand. Hereupon Garter, accompanied by his Fellow Officers of Arms, proceeded up the Hall, and with usual Ceremonies proclaimed the Soveraign's Stiles, in Latine, French, and English.

In like manner, when the Duke of York was Installed at the Grand Feast, an. 13. Car. 2. his Dutchess, desirous to see the order and grandeur of it, was brought into the Hall, assoon as the Soveraign and Knights-Companions were set, and passing to the upper end of the Table, where the Duke sat, she stood on his left hand all Dinner while.

And it appears to be no new thing, that the Queens of England, have been desirous to behold the magnificence of this solemn Feast; since we also find it recorded an. 11. H. 8. that a c 2.324 little while before the second Course was carried in, Queen Katherine and her Ladies came to the d 2.325 Gallery, at the end of the Hall (which was nobly prepared for her) to see the honorable Services and Ceremo∣nies there performed.

But besides the Queens of England, the Ambassadors of Foreign Kings and States have counted it an honor, to have view of this Grand Feast; and amongst others, we find the e 2.326 French Ambassador was an. 15. Iac. R. conducted into the Banquetting-house at Whitehall, by Sir Iohn Fenet (then Assistant Master of the Ceremonies) about the f 2.327 middle of Dinner, where he placed himself at the left hand of the Soveraign; and having staid there about an hour, he descended to the Knights-Companions Table, and there saluted the Prince, and the rest of the Knights of the Order, as he passed along before them, and so departed.

At the Grand Feast kept at Whitehall an. 19. Iac. R. to the sight of which the g 2.328 Polonian Ambassador Osalinskie, Count Palatine of Sindomerskie, having recei∣ved an invitation, he went, about the middle of Dinner, to see and h 2.329 salute the So∣veraign, the Prince, and Knights-Companions as they sat at the Table; and thence retired into the Council Chamber, where he and the i 2.330 Arch Dukes Agent, Van Mab, had been before treated.

The next following year, on the k 2.331 22. of May, which was the day assigned for holding the Grand Feast at Whitehall, the Prince (being the Soveraign's Lieutenant) supplied his place in the Banquetting house at the Table, whither l 2.332 Don Carlos de Coloma the Spanish Ambassador, and m 2.333 Philip a second Son to the Lantgrave of Hesse (sent hither on a negotiation of his Father) were conducted: the Spanish Ambassador n 2.334 standing at his Highness right hand, and the young Lant-grave at his left, most part of the Dinner.

An. 3. Car. 1. the o 2.335 Ambassador of Denmark, Paul Rosenkrantz, and Ioachimi, and Monsieur Catz, the Ambassadors and Deputies of the States, were conducted altogether, in the p 2.336 time of the second Course, to the Soveraign's Table, and there presented themselves, at that side next the Soveraign's left hand; and after, pas∣sed down along before the Knights-Companions (with their respects bestowed personally on each Knight as they deemed fitting) and then returned by the way they entred.

But in this last instance, where there were more Ambassadors than one, and from several Princes, a Question arose, q 2.337 whether they were to perform this Ce∣remony of seeing the Feast, and presenting themselves at the Dinner, singly and alone, or jointly and together; insomuch that the Danish Ambassador was of the mind to perform it by himself, r 2.338 which course was approved by the Lord Chamberlain: But the States Ambassador Ioachimi, telling him that he and the French Ambassador had been joint spectators, at a Feast two or three years be∣fore, at which time he was employed a Commissioner hither, the Ambassador of Denmark came in along with the others.

Lastly (for we would not be over tedious with Instances) when the Grand Feast was held at Whitehall an. 19. Car. 2. the Swedish Ambassador had not only a place assigned him in the Choire, at the North side of the Altar, to behold the Solemnities on the Feast day in the Chappel, and when the Grand Procession passed into the Court, he also went out at the little door on the North side of the Chappel, up to the Greencloth Chamber, whence he had a fair prospect of it, and thence returned to behold the Ceremonies of the Offring. But when the Soveraign was at Dinner, he entred the Banquetting-house from the Privy Gallery, and passing to the Soveraign's Table, stood there on the left hand of the Queen, thence he went to salute the Knights-Companions at their Table, beginning with his Highness the Duke of York; and at all these places was attended by Sir Charles Cotterell Master of the Ceremonies.

In the last place comes in the Banquet, brought up to the Soveraign's Table by the Pensioners, in the same order, and with the same Attendant•• as are the Sove∣raign's Messes; only, in the place of the Clerk of the Kitchin, the chief Clerk of the Spicery waits, but the Banquet for the Knights-Companions, is brought up by the Yeomen of the Guard.

And now, that the Soveraign and Knights-Companions have dined, the Knights s 2.339 first rise, and having washed, place themselves a little below the State, in their usual order, and there make their Reverences to the Soveraign; and hereof we find particular mention made an. 24. H. 8. in these words, t 2.340 The Knights-Compa∣nions sat upon their Forms, notwithstanding their Boards were taken up, and until the Lords, which at that Feast sat at the Soveraign's Table, were also taken up, and then they immediately arose, and went together, and made their obeysances to the Soveraign.

After this, the Soveraign hears Grace, said by the Prelate, then is u 2.341 Water brought up with the usual Ceremony, and the Soveraign washeth.

* 2.342 This being done, the Knights-Companions making again due Reverence to the Soveraign, he puts off his Cap, and salutes them as usually, and forthwith proceeds back to the Presence-Chamber, with the Knights and Officers of the Order before him, and being arrived at the step before the State, he again saluteth the Knights-Companions; who having made their Reverences to him, he appoints the w 2.343 Hour for their attendance again, to go to the second Vespers, and forthwith passeth thence into his Privy Lodgings, taking the Officers of the Order before him, and the x 2.344 Knights-Companions following after; thus they all retire till the time ap∣pointed, to go to the second Vespers.

In like manner doth the Soveraign's Lieutenant proceed from the Presence to the Hall, or such other Room where the Dinner is prepared; only his place of Session at the Table, is y 2.345 a little on the left hand the Cloth of State, or at the z 2.346 end of the Table; and after Dinner he returns to the Presence, in the same order as doth the Soveraign.

But what order was taken in King Henry the Eighth's Reign, for the enter∣tainment of the Soveraign's Deputy at Windesor, during the continuance of the Feast, may be seen by these following directions, which, to this particular, are ve∣ry observable.

* 2.347 Memorandum, that the Saterday at Wyndesor, the Lords and Knights of the Garter keepe the Chamber, and in like case the Sonday at Souper.

• First the President, at the Board hys messe allone.
• ...

• Item, the Lords or Knights at the said Bordesende 2. Messe or 3. as the case requireth, Wafers and Ipocras the said Nyghts.
• Item, the sayd nyght ther ys oon halle kept for the Lords Servants, and so servede when the Lords be at Soupere.
• Item, the Sunday following, the President, with all the Knyghts of the Garter, doo breke their falls with the Dean of Wyndesor, at hys Gods, except 2. or 3. Chynes of Beif, which be sende from the Castle thythere.
• Item, the sayd Sondaye, when the President with the Knyghts be at hyght messe, then there is a fyrste halle kepte in the Castle for their Ser∣vants and othere.
• Item, the sayd Sonday at Dinner, the President keepeth the hall, with the Knyghts at the Boardsend at Dynner; but the President sytteth not in the There of Estate, but by.
• Item, the sayd Sonday, the Deane of the Colledge with those Colledge, sytting in thall at the lattere dynere, and no more.
• Item, the sayd day and dynner, the Lords and the Deane with the Colledge, the Heralds and the Marshall be served with Wafers and Ipocras.
• Memorandum, that the President, and the Knyghts of the Garter, have both the Saterday at night and Sonday, voyde.
• Memorandum, that there be sent the Monday following to the Colledge for the Knyghts brekefasts, Brede, Ale, Wyne, a certeyne. 3. Ch••nes of Beife, a Surloyne of Beif, 4. Capons good, 18. Rabbetts, 18. P••gions, 18. Chyk. And other suche, as the Stewarde of the Feaste thin•••• be••••. And all the rest, to be at the charge of the Deane.

SECT. VIII. The Ceremonies belonging to the second Vespers.

SInce the Ceremonies relating to the second Vespers at Windesor, are but the Repetition of those, which have been performed on the Eve of the Feast; we shall pass them over with more brevity, being very unwilling to cloy the Reader with needless recitals.

The time for Proceeding to the Chapter-house, hath most usually been about four a Clock in the Afternoon of St. George's day, but sometimes not before five; and so long did the services of the Dinner hold, when the Feast of St. George was celebrated at Windesor, the a 2.348 14. of September, an. 15. Iac. R. that the Knights-Companions proceeded by b 2.349 Torch light to the Chapter-house.

The place from whence the Proceeding begins is (as at other times) the Cham∣ber of Presence; in reference to which the Sword is there laid in readiness, on the Chair under the State, and all other things put in order, as on the Eve of the Feast.

The Persons whereof the Proceeding is composed, the manner and order there∣of, the publick Processional way to the Chapter-house, is the very same as on the Eve; and when the Soveraign and Knights did at any time proceed to the Chap∣pel on Horseback, on the Eve and Morning of the Feast day, c 2.350 they have, in like manner, proceeded to the second Vespers.

It hath been customary, for the Soveraign and Knights-Companions to hold a Chapter before the second Vespers, and therein, for the most part, have been trans∣acted all Affairs relating to this most Noble Order; as the making new Consti∣tutions, regulating things amiss, reading Petitions, making Orders thereupon, de∣termining Controversies and Disputes referring to the Officers of the Order, Alms-Knights, &c. and such like matters, either ordinary or extraordinary; for instance,

An. 28 H. 8. we find it recorded, that the Soveraign and Knights-Companions (having performed all the Ceremonies of the Feast (then held at Greenwich)

viz. on the Eve, Matins, and solemn Offring on the Feast Day, in the Morn∣ing) d 2.351 at the second Vespers, before they entred the Choire, they went aside to the Soveraigns Closet, and there debated the ordinary affairs relating to the Order: but besides this Instance, many other are scattered up and down the Registers.

And frequently, both at Whitehall and Greenwich, (this Feast being there celebrated) hath this Chapter been held in the Soveraigns f 2.352 Closet, near the Chappel; from whence, at the breaking up thereof, the Soveraign hath now and then in g 2.353 Person, proceeded into the Chappel, to the second Vespers. But gene∣rally h 2.354 remained in the Closet, during the celebration of those Divine Offices: and in such case, the i 2.355 Lieutenant supplying the place of the Soveraign, hath pro∣ceeded from the Closet, through the Hall into the Chappell. Where note, that the k 2.356 Proceeding from the Presence to the Closet before the Soveraign, and thence into the Chappel l 2.357 before the Soveraigns Lieutenant (as also the returns thereof) are ordered in all points, as on the Eve of the Feast.

But, if the Soveraign do not proceed to the second Vespers, then is this Chap∣ter held, in some convenient Room of the Soveraigns Privy Lodgings, before the Proceeding begin, for so it was an. m 2.358 6 Eliz. and an. n 2.359 13 Car. 1. when (at the hour of Tierce) many things were Decreed in a Chapter there celebrated.

As soon as the Chapter riseth, the Soveraign and Knights-Companions, proceed to the West Door of the Choire, where the Alms-Knights being arrived, first they, after them the whole Proceeding enters, in the usual order, and with the accustomed Reverences and Ceremonies; all placing themselves, as they ar∣rive at the Stations and Seats formerly mentioned, and in that manner and Or∣der, as they did at their Entry into the Choire, to the first Vespers.

Which Ceremony of the Soveraign and Knights-Companions entrance and Ses∣sion in their Stalls, being finished, the Prelate ascends to the Altar as before, and begins the Divine Service, during which, the Scruteny for Election of Knights is most commonly taken; of which we have spoken at large in the Chapter of Elections.

When the second Vespers are finished, the Proceeding passeth out of the Choire, the Knights-Companions and the Soveraign following, and returns to the Presence Chamber, whence He and the Knights-Companions retire till Supper be ready; all things being done, as when they past out of the Choire, and Proceeded to the Presence at the finishing of the first Vespers.

But an. 15 Car. 1. it hapning to be late, ere the second Vespers were ended, the Soveraign went o 2.360 not to the Presence Chamber from the Chappel, but marched directly to the great Hall to Supper, by Torch light.

When the Feast hath been kept at Whitehall or Greenwich, if the Soveraign went p 2.361 into the Chappel to the second Vespers, the return of the Proceeding was immediately thence through the great Hall, and up into the Presence. But if the Soveraign proceeded no farther then the q 2.362 Closet, and there staid, both holding the Chapter and during Divine Service; then the Soveraigns Lieutenant as he came from the Chappel, past also through the Great Hall, and up into the Guard Chamber and thence to the Closet, where receiving the Soveraign, they all proceed∣ed thence before him into the Presence in the usual order; where the Proceeding ending, all retired till Supper was ready. Nevertheless if the Supper on the Feast Day at night was prepared in the Banquetting-House; then the Soveraigns return from the Chappel or Closet, was over the Terrace, into the said Room, and up to the State there.

SECT. IX. Of the Supper on the Evening of the Feast Day.

IT hath been very seldom seen, that the Soveraign hath supped publickly in St. Georges Hall, on the Feast Day; but when he doth (as r 2.363 an. 14 Car. 1.)

the Proceeding thither, the Ceremonies and attendance there, and return thence, are in all respects performed, as at the Supper on the Eve.

But if the Soveraign's Lieutenant hath on this night supped publickly (as for∣merly it often hapned at Whitehall) then this Meal was made in the s 2.364 Presence Chamber, where the Lieutenant sat alone at the Soveraign's Table, on the left hand of the Cloth of State, as was usual at other times, and the Knights-Compa∣nions at a Table set along the side of the Room; all being served after the ac∣customed manner.

Sometimes, at Greenwich, the Soveraign's Lieutenant and Knights-Companions have supped in the t 2.365 Council Chamber, as an. 8. Eliz. (and also in the u 2.366 Great Cham∣ber, at the end of the Guard-Chamber on the Eve, as an. 27. of the same Queen) And when Supper was ended, they all proceeded back to the Presence-Chamber, and there (having appointed the Hour of meeting the next morning) took leave one of another, and departed to their several Lodgings, to put off their Robes.

Notes

• a 1.1

  Palmers large Iourn. p. 14. & 15.
• b 1.2

  Palmers large Iourn. p. 14. & 15.
• c 1.3

  Palmers large Iourn. p. 14. & 15.
• d 1.4

  Ex Vetust. MS. pen. G.O.Y.
• e 1.5

  MS. f. p. 12. an. 1. & 2. Ph. & Mar.
• f 1.6

  Lib. C. p. 94.
• g 1.7

  Ibid. p. 111.
• h 1.8

  Pag. 130.
• i 1.9

  Lib. R. p. 48.
• k 1.10

  Ibid. p. 140. See Palmers large Iournal, pag. 14.
• l 1.11

  Palmers Iour∣nal, pro an. 1639. pag. 20.
• m 1.12

  Vide Lib. vocat. Dal∣ton.
• n 1.13

  Vide Lib. vocat. Dal∣ton.
• o 1.14

  Vide Lib. vocat. Dal∣ton.
• p 1.15

  Vide Lib. vocat. Dal∣ton.
• q 1.16

  Chap. 7. Sect. 5.
• r 1.17

  Lib. N. p. 166.
• * 1.18

  MS. penes Arth. Com. An∣glesey, fol. 167.
• s 1.19

  Lib. N. p. 166.
• t 1.20

  MS.
• u 1.21

  MS. in Offic. Armor. [M. 17] fol. 27.
• w 1.22

  MS. pag. 12••
• * 1.23

  MS. f. penes W.D.N. f. 15. b.
• x 1.24

  Lib. C. p. 46. vide MS. f. pen. W.D.N. p. 17. b. & etiam MS. in Offic. Arm. [H. 12.] fol. 142.
• y 1.25

  Lib. C. p. 46. vide MS. f. pen. W.D.N. p. 17. b. & etiam MS. in Offic. Arm. [H. 12.] fol. 142.
• z 1.26

  Lib. C. p. 46. vide MS. f. pen. W.D.N. p. 17. b. & etiam MS. in Offic. Arm. [H. 12.] fol. 142.
• a 1.27

  Ex eod. MS. pen. W. D. N. vide et••am MS. f. penes G.O.Y. p. 113, & 123. & Collect. R. C. Cl.
• b 1.28

  Ex eod. MS. pen. W. D. N. vide et••am MS. f. penes G.O.Y. p. 113, & 123. & Collect. R. C. Cl.
• c 1.29

  Ex eod. MS. pen. W. D. N. vide et••am MS. f. penes G.O.Y. p. 113, & 123. & Collect. R. C. Cl.
• d 1.30

  Ex eod. MS. pen. W. D. N. vide et••am MS. f. penes G.O.Y. p. 113, & 123. & Collect. R. C. Cl.
• e 1.31

  Ex eod. MS. pen. W. D. N. vide et••am MS. f. penes G.O.Y. p. 113, & 123. & Collect. R. C. Cl.
• f 1.32

  Ex eod. MS. pen. W. D. N. vide et••am MS. f. penes G.O.Y. p. 113, & 123. & Collect. R. C. Cl.
• g 1.33

  Ex eod. MS. pen. W. D. N. vide et••am MS. f. penes G.O.Y. p. 113, & 123. & Collect. R. C. Cl.
• h 1.34

  Pag. 32. Illustrissimus Comes Arundel (constituted the Soveraign's Lieutenant for that Feast) cum reliquo Ordinis co∣mitatu slipatus, Matutinis Precibus in∣tersuit. Postea verò omnes celeberri∣mi Ordinis Commilitones, illustrissimae Reginae dederunt operam seduli, quae Sa∣cellum est ingressa, inibi{que} Regis sed••••l recepta, quod reliquum erat celebritatis gratiosè peregit.
• i 1.35

  MS. pen. E.W.G.
• k 1.36

  Eod. MS.
• l 1.37

  Lib. C. p. 1.
• m 1.38

  Ibid. pag. 6.
• n 1.39

  Pag. 19.
• o 1.40

  Pag. 30.
• p 1.41

  Lib. C. pag. 41.62.74.85.107.117. & 127.
• q 1.42

  Lib. R. p. 1. & 2. an. 20. Iac. R.
• r 1.43

  Lib. R. p. 1. & 2. an. 20. Iac. R.
• a 1.44

  MS. fol. pen. W. D. N.
• b 1.45

  MS. fol. pen. W. D. N.
• c 1.46

  MS. fol. pen. W. D. N.
• d 1.47

  MS. fol. pen. W. D. N.
• e 1.48

  MS. pen. G.O.Y. pag. 113.
• f 1.49

  This Lord and the three fol∣lowing Knights wanted their opposite Compa∣nions, therefore went single.
• g 1.50

  The year pre∣ceding the So∣veraign had her Mantle born up in like manner from her shoulders by the Earl of Northumber∣land on the right hand, and the Lord Rus∣sel on the left. Ex eod. MS. pag. 123.
• g 1.51

  MS. penes W. D. N. f. 3. b.
• h 1.52

  Ibid. f. 8. a.
• i 1.53

  Fol. 10. a.
• k 1.54

  MS. fol. pene•• G. O. ••. p. 123.
• l 1.55

  MS. pene•• E.W. G.
• m 1.56

  MS. pene•• E.W. G.
• n 1.57

  MS. pene•• E.W. G.
• o 1.58

  MS. fol. pe•• praef. W.D.N. fol. 8. b.
• p 1.59

  MS. fol. pe•• praef. W.D.N. fol. 8. b.
• q 1.60

  MS. fol. pe•• praef. W.D.N. fol. 8. b.
• * 1.61

  Durant. de Ritibus Eccl. Cath. p. 427.
• a 1.62

  N••mb. c. 10. v. 13.
• b 1.63

  Cap. 10. ••. 14. us{que} ad ver▪ 2••,
• c 1.64

  Cap. 6.
• d 1.65

  Ver. 8. & 9.
• e 1.66

  2 Saln cap. 6. 1 Chron. c. 13.
• f 1.67

  Ver. 25.
• g 1.68

  •• Sam. c. 6. ver. 5.
• h 1.69

  1 Chron. cap. 13. ver. 8.
• * 1.70

  Triumphs.
• i 1.71

  Exod. cap. 15.
• k 1.72

  Iudg. cap. 5.
• l 1.73

  Cap. 20.
• m 1.74

  Ver. 27.
• n 1.75

  Pancir. li. rerum deperd. Cap. de Trium∣phis.
• o 1.76

  Mart. de Gui∣chard. de antiq. triumph. spect. pag. 72.
• p 1.77

  Lib. de Vir. illustr. p. 385.
• q 1.78

  Mart. de Gui∣chard. pag. 73.
• r 1.79

  Lib. 1. cap. 5.
• t 1.80

  Lib. 5. de lin∣gua Latina.
• u 1.81

  Mart. de Guichardo de antiq. triump∣spe•••• aculis, pag. 21.
• w 1.82

  Lib. 2. c. 3.
• x 1.83

  M. Guich. de antiq. Triumph. spect. pag. 24.
• y 1.84

  Perot. in Cornucopia. fol. 74 col. 1.
• z 1.85

  Salmuth. in Pancir. lib Re∣rum d••perd. Cap. de Tri∣umph.
• a 1.86

  Lib. 2. & 5.
• b 1.87

  Lib. 2. cap. 8.
• c 1.88

  Lib. 7. c. 24.
• d 1.89

  In vita Pauli Aemilii.
• e 1.90

  De Bello Ly∣bico.
• f 1.91

  Sylloge Nu∣mismatum, ele∣gantiorum Edit. Argent. 1••20.
• g 1.92

  Evelins Scul∣ptura, pag. 52. Transvection of the Roman Knights.
• h 1.93

  Lib. 6 p. 351.
• i 1.94

  Liv. Dec. 1. lib 1. extremo, vide etiam Val. Maxim.
• m 1.95

  Inscript. Ian▪ Gruteri, p. 133.
• n 1.96

  Lib. 33. c. 1.
• o 1.97

  Loc. citat.
• p 1.98

  Dion. Hali∣car. loco cit.
• q 1.99

  Vid. Hist. Aug. Veteres, pag. 163.
• r 1.100

  Advers. lib. 25. cap. 18.
• s 1.101

  Lib. 11. cap. 9.
• t 1.102

  Hist. Aug. Scriptores, pag. 163.
• u 1.103

  Vide Gruter Inser. ant. Rom. p. 456. Inser. 4.
• w 1.104

  Stlitibus ju∣dicandis, id esi, super lites judi∣candos..
• x 1.105

  Inscr. ant. Rom. pag. 1026. Inscr. 4.
• y 1.106

  Inscr. ant. Rom. pag. 1026. Inscr. 4.
• z 1.107

  Lib. 15. c. 4.
• * 1.108

  In vita Aug. Cap. 38.
• * 1.109

  Cavalcades.
• a 1.110

  Quint. Curt. Am∣sterl. 1650. lib. 5. pag. 95.
• b 1.111

  Quint. Curt. Am∣sterl. 1650. lib. 5. pag. 95.
• c 1.112

  Matth. c. 21. v. 8.
• d 1.113

  2 Kings c. 9. v. 13.
• e 1.114

  Matth. 21. vers. 9.
• f 1.115

  Godw. Moses & Aaron, pag. 134.
• g 1.116

  Pag. 122. See also Io••st Schan∣ten's Descript. thereof, an. 1636.
• h 1.117

  Pag. 122. See also Io••st Schan∣ten's Descript. thereof, an. 1636.
• i 1.118

  Pag. 18.
• k 1.119

  Idem, p. 182.
• l 1.120

  Pag. 109.
• m 1.121

  Ibid. p. 20.
• n 1.122

  Evelyn's Sculptura, pag. 84.
• o 1.123

  Penes eund. I. Evelyn.
• p 1.124

  Evelins Scul∣ptura, pag. 70.
• q 1.125

  In Musaeo no∣stro.
• r 1.126

  Pag. 271.
• s 1.127

  Io. Iusti Win∣kelmani Caesa∣reologia, p. 119.
• t 1.128

  Plate 14.
• u 1.129

  Pag 257.
• w 1.130

  Pag. 278.
• x 1.131

  Pag. 284.
• y 1.132

  Pag. 280.
• z 1.133

  Pag. 286.
• a 1.134

  Pag. 262.
• b 1.135

  Pag. 282.
• c 1.136

  Pag. 260. & 263.
• d 1.137

  Pag. 21.
• e 1.138

  Ibid. p. 13.
• f 1.139

  Pag. 270.
• g 1.140

  Ex ipso Auto∣grapho.
• h 1.141

  Ex alio Autogr.
• i 1.142

  Ex alio Autogr.
• k 1.143

  Ibid.
• l 1.144

  MS. penes W. le N. Cl. p. ••88. vide Lib. N. p. 182.
• * 1.145

  Sic.
• o 1.146

  MS. in Offic. Armor. [M. 17] fol. 25.
• p 1.147

  MS.
• q 1.148

  Ex Lib. praed. M. fol. 26.
• r 1.149

  MS.
• s 1.150

  MS.
• t 1.151

  MS. p. 10. & 11.
• u 1.152

  Lib. N p. 307▪
• w 1.153

  Regist. Char. tac. fol. 9. b.
• * 1.154

  Ecclesiastical Processions.
• x 1.155

  Hom. 28. & S••••m. ad Ascen. D••m.
• y 1.156

  Serm. 172. & 173.
• z 1.157

  Lib. 7. Hist. Eccl. cap. 10.
• a 1.158

  Ruffinus li 2. c. 5. Socrat. l. 3. c. 19. Theod. li. 3. cap 9.
• b 1.159

  Collect Tho. Wriothesley Mil Garter. penes W le Neve Cl. p. 3.
• c 1.160

  Collect Tho. Wriothesley Mil Garter. penes W le Neve Cl. p. 3.
• d 1.161

  Collect Tho. Wriothesley Mil Garter. penes W le Neve Cl. p. 3.
• * 1.162

  Pag. 4.
• e 1.163

  Synod. August. cap. 20. & cap. 23.
• f 1.164

  Lib 14. cap 2.
• g 1.165

  An. 28 & 30. Eliz. & 14. Iac. R.
• h 1.166

  See Dr. Tay∣lor's Preface to his Collection of Offices.
• * 1.167

  1. The time when the Grand Proces∣sion begins.
• g 1.168

  MS. fol. pen. W.D.N. f. 15. a.
• h 1.169

  MS. pen. G.O.Y pag. 114
• i 1.170

  Lib. R. p. 20.
• k 1.171

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• l 1.172

  Palmers Iourn. p. 40.
• * 1.173

  2. The Pro∣cessional way.
• o 1.174

  Lib. C. p. 190.
• p 1.175

  MS. penes ••. W. G.
• q 1.176

  Pag. 41.
• r 1.177

  Lib. R. p. 20.
• s 1.178

  Lib. R. p. 20.
• t 1.179

  Lib. R. p. 62.
• u 1.180

  MS. penes Edw. Faucon∣bridge gen.
• w 1.181

  Lib. R. pag. 85.
• x 1.182

  Ex Collec•• Io. Vincent. gen.
• y 1.183

  Ex Collec•• Io. Vincent. gen.
• z 1.184

  Lib. Carol. pag. 29.
• a 1.185

  MS. penes G.O.Y. p. 113. & 123.
• b 1.186

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• c 1.187

  MS. penes W. D. N.
• d 1.188

  MS. penes G.O.Y. loco cit. vide etiam Col∣lect. R. C. Cl.
• e 1.189

  Lib. R. p. 94. & 107.
• f 1.190

  MS. penes W. D. N.
• g 1.191

  Palmers Iourn. pag. 40
• h 1.192

  Pag. 177.
• i 1.193

  Ex ips. Au∣••eg••.
• k 1.194

  Ex ips. Au∣••eg••.
• * 1.195

  3. The Order in Proceeding.
• l 1.196

  Ex Lib. M. 17. in Offic. Armor. pag. 27.
• m 1.197

  Ex Lib. M. 17. in Offic. Armor. pag. 27.
• n 1.198

  Ex Lib. M. 17. in Offic. Armor. pag. 27.
• o 1.199

  Ex lib. L. 1. in Offic. Arm. pag. 17.
• p 1.200

  Lib. C. p. 8••.
• q 1.201

  Chap. 20. Sect. 2.
• * 2.1

  Iudg. 5. ••
• * 2.2

  Psal. 18.2.
• * 2.3

  Exod. 15.2.
• * 2.4

  Psal. 81.1.
• * 2.5

  Psal. 47.9.
• * 2.6

  Iudg. 5.11.
• * 2.7

  Psal. 78.4.
• * 2.8

  Psal. 30.3.
• * 2.9

  Psal. 81:1.
• * 2.10

  Psal. 31.7.
• * 2.11

  Psal. ••07.40.
• * 2.12

  Psal. 44.11.
• * 2.13

  Psal. 78.612
• * 2.14

  Psal. 106.44.
• * 2.15

  Psal. 32.7.
• * 2.16

  Psal. 78.65.
• * 2.17

  Psal. 30.5.
• * 2.18

  Psal. ••.4.
• * 2.19

  Psal. 37.35.
• * 2.20

  Psal. 85.1.
• * 2.21

  Psal. 18.49.
• * 2.22

  Psal. 81.1.
• * 2.23

  Psal. 46.8.
• * 2.24

  Psal. 65.7.
• * 2.25

  Psal. 68.30.
• * 2.26

  Psal. 75.3.
• * 2.27

  Psal. 98.1.
• * 2.28

  Psal. 60.4.
• * 2.29

  Psal. 18.50.
• * 2.30

  Iudg. 5.13.
• * 2.31

  2 Sam. 23.4.
• * 2.32

  Psal. 18.43.
• * 2.33

  Psal. 21.5.
• * 2.34

  Esay 22.23.
• * 2.35

  Psal. 21.1.
• * 2.36

  Psal. 61.••.
• * 2.37

  Psal. 36.7.
• * 2.38

  Psal. 73.25.
• * 2.39

  Psal. 40.5.
• * 2.40

  Psal. 68.35.
• r 2.41

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• s 2.42

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• t 2.43

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• u 2.44

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• w 2.45

  MS. fol. pen. praef. W. D. N. fol. 20. b. 4. The State and Pomp whereof.
• x 2.46

  Chap. 7.
• * 2.47

  Soveraign's Under Habit.
• a 2.48

  Ex Cor••po••. Io. Coke Cler. mag∣na Ga••drob. à an. 21. ad an. 23. E. 3. m. 9.
• b 2.49

  Ex Cor••po••. Io. Coke Cler. mag∣na Ga••drob. à an. 21. ad an. 23. E. 3. m. 9.
• c 2.50

  Ex Cor••po••. Io. Coke Cler. mag∣na Ga••drob. à an. 21. ad an. 23. E. 3. m. 9.
• d 2.51

  Ex Cor••po••. Io. Coke Cler. mag∣na Ga••drob. à an. 21. ad an. 23. E. 3. m. 9.
• e 2.52

  Ex Cor••po••. Io. Coke Cler. mag∣na Ga••drob. à an. 21. ad an. 23. E. 3. m. 9.
• f 2.53

  Ex Cor••po••. Io. Coke Cler. mag∣na Ga••drob. à an. 21. ad an. 23. E. 3. m. 9.
• g 2.54

  Mem. 11.
• h 2.55

  Mem. 11.
• i 2.56

  Mem. 11.
• k 2.57

  Lib. C. p. 62.
• l 2.58

  MS. pen. G. O. Y. pag. 113.
• m 2.59

  Lib. C. p. 103.
• n 2.60

  MS. penes W. D. N. fol. 6.
• o 2.61

  Collect. R. C. Cl. pag. 9.
• p 2.62

  Ex Collect.
• q 2.63

  praef. W. le N. Cl.
• r 2.64

  MS. fol. pene•• W. D. N. fol. 27.
• s 2.65

  An. 4. Eliz.
• * 2.66

  The Canopy.
• t 2.67

  Ex e••d. MS. penes ••raefat. G. O. Y. p. 12••.
• u 2.68

  Lib. C. p. 178.185.
• w 2.69

  Ibid. p. 190.
• x 2.70

  Ibid. p. 99.
• y 2.71

  Lib. R. p. 30.
• z 2.72

  MS.
• a 2.73

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• g 2.74

  Lib. C. p. 94.
• b 2.75

  Lib. C. p. 99. & Lib. R. p. 30.
• c 2.76

  A sex Equi∣tibus in altum extenso.
• d 2.77

  Ex praesat. Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• e 2.78

  MS. penes E. W. G. sub an. 16. Iac. R.
• * 2.79

  The Train.
• f 2.80

  Erbard. Cel∣lii Aur. Equit. Anglo Wirtemb. Lib. 5. p. 145.
• g 2.81

  Ibid.
• h 2.82

  Ibid. p. 146. & 147.
• i 2.83

  Ibid. pag. 145.
• k 2.84

  Pag. 147.
• l 2.85

  Retterbusius.
• m 2.86

  Ex veteri MS. penes W. le N. Cl. cujus faciei in∣scribitur, The Entertain¦ment of the King of Castile fol. 295. b.
• n 2.87

  Ex veteri MS. penes W. le N. Cl. cujus faciei in∣scribitur, The Entertain¦ment of the King of Castile fol. 295. b.
• o 2.88

  MS. penes W. D. N. f. ••. b.
• p 2.89

  Idem f. 7. b.
• q 2.90

  Fol. 9. b.
• r 2.91

  MS. f. 17. b.
• s 2.92

  Ibid. fol. 20. & 30. b.
• t 2.93

  Ibid. fol. 30.
• u 2.94

  MS. fol. penes G. O. Y p. 113.
• w 2.95

  MS. fol. penes G. O. Y p. 113.
• x 2.96

  Ex praefat. MS. penes W. D. N. fol. 10.
• y 2.97

  Collect. W. le N. ••l.
• z 2.98

  MS. penes W. D. N. fol. 3. b.
• * 2.99

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• ‖ 2.100

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• * 2.101

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• a 2.102

  MS. penes G. O. Y. pag. 123.
• b 2.103

  Videsis MS. penes praef. W. D. N.
• c 2.104

  Collect. W. l•• N. Cl.
• d 2.105

  Collect. Tho. Wriothesley Mil. Garter, fol. 295. b.
• e 2.106

  MS in Offic. Arm. [L. 1.] fol. 19.••
• f 2.107

  MS. fol. 25. b.
• g 2.108

  MS. fol. 25. b.
• h 2.109

  MS. fol. 25. b.
• i 2.110

  Aur. Equiz. Anglo-Wir∣temb. Lib. 5. pag. 145.
• k 2.111

  Aur. Equiz. Anglo-Wir∣temb. Lib. 5. pag. 145.
• l 2.112

  Ibid.
• m 2.113

  An. 18. Eliz.
• n 2.114

  MS. praefat. pen•••• G. O. Y. pag. 113.
• * 2.115

  2 Apparel of the Knights-Companions.
• o 2.116

  Appendix Num. CLXXX.
• * 2.117

  3. The Offi∣cers of the Or∣der.
• p 2.118

  Chap 9.
• * 2.119

  4. Officers of Arms.
• * 2.120

  5. Canons.
• q 2.121

  E. 3. Stat. Art. 5. H. 5. Stat. Art. 5.
• r 2.122

  Ord. Stat. in Lib. N. Art. 5.
• * 2.123

  6. Gentlemen of the Chap∣pel, &c.
• s 2.124

  MS. in Offic. Arm. [M. 17.] fol. 32. b.
• t 2.125

  Lib. C. p. 190.
• u 2.126

  Lib. R. p. 7. ••ide etiam p. ••0.
• * 2.127

  Alms-Knights.
• w 2.128

  E. 3. Stat. Art •• H 5. Stat. Art •• H. 8. Stat. Art. 16.
• x 2.129

  An. 1. Eliz.
• y 2.130

  Artic. 4.
• z 2.131

  Art. 5.
• * 2.132

  8. The Sove∣raign's and Knights Reti∣nue.
• a 2.133

  Lib. C. p 123.
• b 2.134

  MS.
• c 2.135

  MS.
• d 2.136

  MS.
• e 2.137

  Collect. W. l N. Cl.
• f 2.138

  Ex Lib. ••••cat. C••tom, in Offic. mag. Gardrob. Regis, fol. 74.
• * 2.139

  9. The Musick.
• * 2.140

  Return of the Grand Proces∣sion into the Choire.
• k 2.141

  Cap. 21.
• l 2.142

  Cap. 6.
• m 2.143

  Heylins Hist. of St. George, Part. 2. Sect. 8.
• * 2.144

  Nota, Quod Breviarium hoc Salisburiense Bedam sequi∣tur, qui in suo Martyrologio, ad diem 23. A∣prilis, ait Geor∣gium Martyri∣um fuisse pas∣sum sub Daci∣ano Rege Per∣sarum: Et Vsu∣ardus in Mar∣tyrologio suo ad diem etiam Apr. 23. ait, Georgium Mar∣tyrio coronatum in Perside, ci∣vitate Diospoli.
• * 2.145

  In Breviario Sancti Domi∣nici. Paris. 1512. p. 44. In Oficio Sancti Georgii occur∣rit eadem Ora∣tio, quae hic habetur in Bre∣viario Salisbu∣riensi, & tres Lectiones (ex gesti Sancti Ge∣orgii s. cuntum Ecclesiam Gal∣licanam, ita e∣nim habet Ru∣brica) quae quoad sensum, ut penè quoad verba ipsa, eae∣dem sunt cum his Lectioni∣bus Ecclesiae Salisburiensis.
• * 2.146

  Vide Nice¦phorum Callist. Hist. Lib. 7. c. 15. de Mar∣tyrio S. Georgii sub Dioclesia∣no.
• * 2.147

  Secundum u∣sum Sar••m, Mi••sa. Psal. 63.
• * 2.148

  Ibidem.
• * 2.149

  Cap. 1.
• * 2.150

  Psal. 63.
• * 2.151

  Chap. 13.
• * 2.152

  Psal. ••••.
• * 2.153

  Psal. 3••.
• n 2.154

  Lib. N. p. 109.
• o 2.155

  Ibid. p. 112.
• p 2.156

  Ibid. p. 113.
• q 2.157

  Ibid. p. 26.
• * 2.158

  Fol. 54.
• * 2.159

  Preparation•• for the Offer∣ing.
• a 2.160

  MS. in Offic. Arm. [M. 17.] fol. 32. b.
• * 2.161

  The Order of the Soveraigns Offering.
• b 2.162

  E. 3. Stat. Art. 13 H. 5. Stat. Art. 13
• c 2.163

  Eq. Aur. An∣glo-Wirtemb. fol. 183.
• d 2.164

  Ex Veteri MS. pen. W. le N. Cl. f. 295. b.
• e 2.165

  MS. pag. 12.
• f 2.166

  Ex Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• g 2.167

  MS. G O. ••. pag. 113.
• h 2.168

  MS. fol. pen. W. D. N. fol. 5. b. & fol. 12.
• i 2.169

  MS. penes G.O.Y. pag. 123.
• * 2.170

  Lib. Carol. pag. 47.
• * 2.171

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• k 2.172

  Collect. D. Chr. Wren nuper Ord. Regist.
• l 2.173

  Collect. D. Chr. Wren nuper Ord. Regist.
• m 2.174

  Collect. D. Chr. Wren nuper Ord. Regist.
• n 2.175

  Lib. R. p. 62.
• o 2.176

  Lib. R. p. 62.
• * 2.177

  The Lieute∣nants Offering
• q 2.178

  MS. penes praef. G.O.Y. p. 114 vide MS. 4. pen. W. le N. Cl. f. 11.
• * 2.179

  Collect. A. V. W.
• r 2.180

  MS. penes praef. G.O.Y. p. 114 vide MS. 4. pen. W. le N. Cl. f. 11.
• s 2.181

  MS. penes praef. G.O.Y. p. 114 vide MS. 4. pen. W. le N. Cl. f. 11.
• t 2.182

  MS. in Bibl▪ Coton. [sub Ef∣fig. Iulii•• E. 11.
• u 2.183

  Ibid.
• w 2.184

  MS. in Offic. Armor. [L. 1.] p. 19. & MS. pen. W. D. N. fol. 12.
• * 2.185

  Ex Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• x 2.186

  MS. penes E W. G. fol. 148. b.
• y 2.187

  MS. penes E. W. G. fol. 148. b.
• z 2.188

  MS. penes E. W. G. fol. 148. b.
• * 2.189

  MS. penes E. W. G. fol. 148. b.
• a 2.190

  Ibid. f. 1••1. b.
• b 2.191

  MS. in Offic. Armor. ut su∣pra.
• c 2.192

  Collect. A. V. W.
• * 2.193

  The Knights Offering.
• d 2.194

  Lib. R. p. 44.
• e 2.195

  MS. penes E. W. G. sub an. 1 Iac. R. vide Lib. R. pag. 52. & 8••.
• ‖ 2.196

  Collect. D. Ch. Wren nuper Ord. Regist.
• * 2.197

  Stat. Colleg. Art. 37.
• f 2.198

  Ex Collect. Rob. C. Cl f. 2.
• g 2.199

  MS. penes G. O. Y. pag. 113.
• h 2.200

  MS. penes G. O. Y. pag. 113.
• i 2.201

  MS, fol. in∣dorsed Pa∣tents, pen. eund. Geo. Owen. Y.
• k 2.202

  MS, fol. in∣dorsed Pa∣tents, pen. eund. Geo. Owen. Y.
• l 2.203

  MS. penes E. W. G.
• m 2.204

  MS. penes E. W. G.
• n 2.205

  Lib. N p. 174.
• o 2.206

  Ex Collect. R C. Cl. fol. 27.
• p 2.207

  MS. penes E. W. G. f. 155. b.
• q 2.208

  MS. pag. 12.
• * 2.209

  The Offerings belong to the Dean and Prebends.
• s 2.210

  A. t. 33.
• t 2.211

  Art. 37.
• w 2.212

  Lib. R. p. 10.
• x 2.213

  Autogr. in Ae••a••. Coll. Winds.
• y 2.214

  Autogr. in Ae••a••. Coll. Winds.
• a 2.215

  Pag. 43.
• b 2.216

  Pag. 43.
• c 2.217

  Pag. 43.
• d 2.218

  Pag. 52.
• e 2.219

  Pag. 51.
• f 2.220

  Ibid. pag. 52.
• h 2.221

  Lib. R. p. 64. & 65.
• i 2.222

  Ibid.
• l 2.223

  Pag. 73.
• m 2.224

  Pag. 74.
• n 2.225

  Pag. 75.
• o 2.226

  Pag. 91.
• p 2.227

  Pag. 91.
• q 2.228

  Pag. 91.
• * 2.229

  Ex ipso Au∣togr. in Aerar. praedict. Coll.
• f 2.230

  MS. pen. G. O Y. pag. 113.
• a 2.231

  Collect. W. le N. Cl. MS. pen. eund. W. le N. fol. 20. & 27. & MS. penes G. O. Y. p. 113.
• b 2.232

  Lib. N. p. 166.
• c 2.233

  Lib. C. p. 108.
• d 2.234

  Ibid. p. 194.
• e 2.235

  Ibid. p. 184.
• f 2.236

  Lib. R. p. 108.
• g 2.237

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• h 2.238

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• i 2.239

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• k 2.240

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• l 2.241

  Ex Lib. M. 17 f. 25. b. in Offic. Arm.
• m 2.242

  Ex Lib. M. 17 f. 25. b. in Offic. Arm.
• n 2.243

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• o 2.244

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• p 2.245

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• q 2.246

  MS. penes Arth. Com. An∣glesey, fol. 167.
• r 2.247

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• s 2.248

  MS. penes W. D. N. fol. 20. b.
• t 2.249

  Ibid. fol. ••.
• u 2.250

  Et fol. 20.
• w 2.251

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• x 2.252

  MS. pen. W. D. N. fol. 20. b.
• y 2.253

  Ibid. f. 27. b.
• a 2.254

  Lib. N. p. 57.
• b 2.255

  Lib. N. p. 57.
• c 2.256

  Lib. N. p. 57.
• * 2.257

  Pag. 57.
• d 2.258

  MS. in Offic. Armor. [F. 9. Interments] fol. 12. b.
• * 2.259

  MS. in Bibl. Cott. sub effig. Vitell. A. 16. sub an. 4. H. 5.
• e 2.260

  Collect. Tho. Rowe nuper Canc.
• f 2.261

  Collect. Tho. Rowe nuper Canc.
• g 2.262

  MS. in Offic. Arm. [M. 15.] fol. 12. b.
• h 2.263

  Lib. N. p. 166.
• i 2.264

  MS. in Offic. Arm. [M. 17.] fol. 35. b.
• k 2.265

  Ex eod. MS. fol. 27. b.
• * 2.266

  MS.
• ‖ 2.267

  MS. p. 13.
• l 2.268

  Ibid. fol. 32. b.
• m 2.269

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• n 2.270

  MS fol. penes W. D. N. fol. 3.
• o 2.271

  Ibid. f. 20. b.
• p 2.272

  Et fol. 27. b.
• q 2.273

  Palmer's large Iourn. pag. 14.
• r 2.274

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• s 2.275

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• t 2.276

  MS. pen. W. D. N fol. 20 & MS pen. G.O.Y. pag. 123.
• u 2.277

  Hen. 8. Stat. Art. 11.
• w 2.278

  Lib. N. pag. 166. Hen. 8. Stat. Art. 11. & MS. p. 13.
• x 2.279

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• y 2.280

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• * 2.281

  3. Officers of the Order had a Table in the great Hall.
• a 2.282

  Lib. N. p. 166.
• b 2.283

  Lib. N. p. 166.
• c 2.284

  Lib. N. p. 167.
• d 2.285

  Lib. N. p. 167.
• e 2.286

  Lib. N. p. 167.
• f 2.287

  Lib. N. p. 167.
• * 2.288

  MS. penes A••th. Com. An∣glesey, f. 167. ••
• g 2.289

  MS. in Of∣fic. Ar••••••. [M. 17.] fol. 28.
• h 2.290

  MS. in Of∣fic. Ar••••••. [M. 17.] fol. 28.
• i 2.291

  MS. in Of∣fic. Ar••••••. [M. 17.] fol. 28.
• k 2.292

  MS. in Of∣fic. Ar••••••. [M. 17.] fol. 28.
• l 2.293

  MS. in Of∣fic. Ar••••••. [M. 17.] fol. 28.
• m 2.294

  MS. in Of∣fic. Ar••••••. [M. 17.] fol. 28.
• n 2.295

  MS. in Of∣fic. Ar••••••. [M. 17.] fol. 28.
• o 2.296

  Lib. R. p. 78.
• * 2.297

  Ibid. p. 8••.
• ‖ 2.298

  Ibid. pag. 98.
• p 2.299

  Lib. R. p. 88.
• q 2.300

  Ibid. pag. 94.
• r 2.301

  MS. pen. prae∣fat. G.O.Y. pag. 113.
• s 2.302

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• t 2.303

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• u 2.304

  MS pag. 13.
• w 2.305

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• * 2.306

  The manner of proclaiming the Soveraigns Style.
• x 2.307

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• a 2.308

  Ibid.
• b 2.309

  Ibid.
• c 2.310

  Ibid.
• d 2.311

  Collect. W. le N. Cl. & MS. fol. pen. G.O.Y. pag. 114.
• e 2.312

  Lib. C. p 193.
• f 2.313

  Lib. R. p. 85.
• g 2.314

  Ibid. pag. 74.
• h 2.315

  First Intro∣duced at the Feast, an. 19. Car. 2. the word Princi∣p•••• being used before.
• i 2.316

  Book intituled St. George's Feast, in the Lord Chamber∣lain's Office.
• k 2.317

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• z 2.318

  MS. intitul. King Hen. ••. Proceedings pen. ••und. W. l•• Neve.
• * 2.319

  Prov. 16.
• * 2.320

  MS. penes Arth. Com. An∣glesey, fol. 169.
• a 2.321

  MS penes Ed. Fau∣conb. gen.
• b 2.322

  MS penes Ed. Fau∣conb. gen.
• * 2.323

  The Queen's coming into the Hall, to observe the Order of the Feast.
• c 2.324

  MS. in Of∣fic. Armor. [M. 17.] f. 28.
• d 2.325

  MS. in Of∣fic. Armor. [M. 17.] f. 28.
• e 2.326

  Sir Iohn Fenets Ob∣serv. touching foreign Ambas∣sadors. p. 34.
• f 2.327

  Sir Iohn Fenets Ob∣serv. touching foreign Ambas∣sadors. p. 34.
• g 2.328

  Ex eod. lib. Observ. p. 79.
• h 2.329

  Ex eod. lib. Observ. p. 79.
• i 2.330

  Ex eod. lib. Observ. p. 79.
• k 2.331

  Ibid. pag. 106.
• l 2.332

  Ibid. pag. 106.
• m 2.333

  Pag. 102.
• n 2.334

  Pag. 1••8.
• o 2.335

  Pag. 107.
• p 2.336

  Pag. 107.
• q 2.337

  Ibid.
• r 2.338

  Ibid.
• s 2.339

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• t 2.340

  MS. in Offic. Arm. [M. 17.] fol. 35.
• u 2.341

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• * 2.342

  The Sove∣raign's return to the Pre∣sence.
• w 2.343

  MS. pen. G.O.Y. pag. 114.
• x 2.344

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• y 2.345

  MS. pen. G.O.Y. p. 114. & MS. pen. W. D▪ N. fol. 8. b.
• z 2.346

  Col. Rob. C. Cl. fol. 7.
• * 2.347

  MS. penes Rob. Com. Ay∣lesbury.
• a 2.348

  MS. penes E. W. G. fol. 154. b.
• b 2.349

  MS. penes E. W. G. fol. 154. b.
• c 2.350

  MS. penes Arth. Com. An∣glesey, fol. 167. MS. in Offic. Armor. [M. 17. b.] & MS▪ pen. W. D. N. fol. 16. b.
• d 2.351

  Lib. N. pag. 69.
• f 2.352

  MS. penes W. D. N. vi∣de etiam MS. penes G.O.Y. pag. 113. & Collect. praefat. R C. Cl. fol. 9.
• g 2.353

  MS. penes W. D. N. vi∣de etiam MS. penes G.O.Y. pag. 113. & Collect. praefat. R C. Cl. fol. 9.
• h 2.354

  Ex eod. MS. penes eund W. D. N. fol. 8. b.
• i 2.355

  Ex eod. MS. penes eund W. D. N. fol. 8. b.
• k 2.356

  Ex eod. MS. penes eund W. D. N. fol. 8. b.
• l 2.357

  Ex eod. MS. penes eund W. D. N. fol. 8. b.
• m 2.358

  Ex eod. MS. penes eund W. D. N. fol. 8. b.
• n 2.359

  Palm. Iourn. pag. 25.
• o 2.360

  Palmers Iourn. pro an. 1639. p. 33.
• p 2.361

  MS. pen. W. D. N. fol. 10. & 26. b.
• q 2.362

  Ex fol. 8. b. vide etiam MS. penes G.O.Y. pag. 113. & 114.
• r 2.363

  〈…〉〈…〉
• s 2.364

  MS. penes W. D. N. fol. 4. & 8. b. & MS. pen. G.O.Y. pag. 113.
• t 2.365

  MS. penes W. D. N. fol. 4. & 8. b. & MS. pen. G.O.Y. pag. 113.
• u 2.366

  Collect. R. C. Cl. fol. 9.