The institution, laws & ceremonies of the most noble Order of the Garter collected and digested into one body by Elias Ashmole ...

CHAP. XI. OF Preparations FOR THE Personal Installation OF A KNIGHT. (Book 11)

SECT. I. That Installation gives the Title of Founder.

THE Installation or Inauguration of a Knight of this most Noble Order, consists in a conjunction of many Ceremonies, and contains the most so∣lemn part of those, whereby so great an honor is conferr'd; indeed that which compleateth all the rest. And till this great Ceremony be duly and solemnly performed, the person Elected hath not the honor of being reckoned among the number of Founders, but barely passes for an Elect Knight, and no other. For the express Text is, a 1.1 That in case a Knight Elect dye before his Installation, he shall not be named one of the Founders. And the reason is there given, b 1.2 foras∣much as he hath not had the full possession of his state; and in this point do the other c 1.3 Bodies of the Statutes agree. Howbeit assoon as the Ceremonies of In∣stallation are compleatly finished, the Knight is unquestionably vested in full pos∣session of all the Honors and Priviledges belonging to a Founder of this most No∣ble Order.

But to quicken each Elect Knight, who is either a Subject to the Soveraign, or resides within his Realm (and consequently in a more ready capacity of re∣ceiving Installation, then one remaining in Foreign parts) to the full attain∣ment of his honor, or otherwise to wave what hath been conferr'd on him, by the Act of Election; the compass of h 1.4 one year after such his Election, is allow∣ed him by the Statutes for Installation (albeit for sooner speeding thereof, the Statutes do as well appoint him to use all convenient diligence) otherwise his

Election is ordained to be absolutely i 1.5 nul and void. Nor can any thing hinder▪ but that the Soveraign may then freely proceed to a new Election; unless thek 1.6 Elect-Knight send or produce an excuse for such delay, sufficient and fit to be accepted by the Soveraign, or his Deputy, and the whole Society; or that the So∣veraign himself think fit to defer the Ceremony of Installation for some longer time.

For which cause, when certain Articles concerning the honor of the Order had been prepared by the Soveraign's Lieutenant, and ten Knights-Companions, approved by the Soveraign, and in a Chapter held l 1.7 24. April an. 21. Iac. R. order∣ed to be observed; one of them was for hastning the Installation, after a Knight had been Elected, nevertheless with this Exception, m 1.8 unless for some special cause, the Soveraign should think fit to defer the same, until the Eve or day of Saint George next following the time of Election.

SECT. II. Of the Time and Place appointed for Installation.

THE Feast of Installation hath not been hitherto fixed to any certain time, but always rested in the pleasure of the Soveraign to assign a convenient day; which hath been obtained, either upon the sute of the Knight-Elect, or some other of the Knights-Companions, whose favour and esteem with the Sove∣raign was best able to prevail. Such a one do we find the Lord Burghley, n 1.9 an. 35. Eliz. (partly in regard he had been Lieutenant at St. Georges Feast immedi∣ately preceding, and partly by reason of his being Lord Treasurer of England) who on the behalf of the Earls of Shrewsbury and Cumberland obtained the 19. of Iune in the foresaid year, to be appointed for the day of their Installation.

It sometimes fell out that though the day for Installation was set down, nevertheless, upon some extraordinary occasion intervening, it hath been pro∣togued to a further and more convenient time for the Soveraign's Affairs: and the most remarkable instance is that, an. 3. & 4. Ph. & Mar. when the a 1.10 Earl of Sussex, the Lord Grey, and Sir Robert Rochester, Knights Elect, had their b 1.11 Instal∣lation together with St. George's Feast, prorogued to the 10. of May in the year aforesaid. But c 1.12 many and urgent affairs, relating both to the King and Queen, hapning about that time, not only the d 1.13 Grand Feast, but the Solemnity of their Installations were in a Chapter held the 3. of the same Month, prorogued to the e 1.14 5. of December following, and on the last day of October preceding, were they again prorogued to the first Sunday after Twelf-day, in case the King should not return into England before the said 5. of December. After all this on the 5. of Ianuary following, the Grand Feast was prorogued a fourth time to the 20. of February next coming. Nevertheless it was then Ordered, that the Earl of Sus∣sex (one of the three Elect Knights) should be forthwith Installed, which was per∣formed on the 8. of the same Ianuary. And the 6. of February following, the Lord Grey also obtained an appointment for his Installation, and that was cele∣brated the 20. of April ensuing; but we do not find that Sir Robert Rochester ever received that honor.

But though the time of Installation be arbitrary and uncertain, yet hath the place been from the Institution of the Order, fixt (as an essential Priviledge) only to the Soveraign's free Chappel of St. George in the Castle of Windesor; within whose Choire stand erected the Soveraign's and Knights-Companions Stalls, and under its sacred Roof their Banners and Atchievements are set up, as Monu∣ments of their high deservings, and so great honor. For albeit the celebration of the Grand Feast of St. George, hapned to be withdrawn from Windesor, by a

Decree past an. o 1.15 9. Eliz. nevertheless the p 1.16 Feast of Installation was therein ex∣cepted, and appointed to be solemnized at that place. And this was again pro∣vided for among the before mentioned Orders, an. Iac. Regis 21. to wit, * 1.17 That after an Election made of a Knight of the Order, his Installation should be perform∣ed at Windesor, according to the ancient Custom and Statutes of the Order.

When therefore the Soveraign hath been pleased to prefix a certain day, for Installation, in order to this great Solemnity, several things are necessarily to be prepared; as namely, (1.) a Commission to admit and install the Elect-Knight, (2.) Letters to each of the Commissioners, and the Elect-Knight, for their repair to Windesor, (3.) Warrants for the Soveraign's Livery, (4.) a Bill or Warrant for the removal of Stalls and Atchievements (all which are to be obtained from the Soveraign under his Sign manual by the Chancellor of the Order) and (5.) lastly the Knights own Preparations; among which his Atchievements are to be got in readiness for setting up, so soon as he is Installed.

SECT. III. Of Commissions for Installation.

IN the first place we are to note, that no Elect-Knight can be Installed unless by the Soveraign of the Order himself, or (being present) by such of the Knights-Companions whom he shall verbally authorize, or (if absent) by his Com∣mission drawn up in writing, and past under the great Seal of the Order, di∣rected either to his Lieutenant, or Knights-Commissioners.

We have met with but one Instance, where the Soveraign ••ath been pleased to honor a Knight by performing the Ceremony of Installation himself, and that was in the case Philip King of Castile and Leon an. 22, H. 7. yet it is probable enough that Sigismond the Emperor, and anciently some other Foreign Princess of eminence and dignity, might receive Installation from other of the Sove∣raigns, though no memorial thereof hath been transmitted to us. As to the So∣veraign's verbal appointment, we shall mention it r 1.18 by and by: But in reference to Installation by Commission we shall speak of it here. For it was Ordained by the Statutes of Institution, s 1.19 That in case the Soveraign should be absent out of the King∣dom at the time of Installation of any of the Knights, so that he could not personally perform those things his Office obliged him to, it should be lawful for him to consti∣tute as his Deputy in this affair, whomsoever of the Society he should think fit, and he to have power and authority in the Soveraign's name to perform and execute those things, which it would have been his own part to have done, had he been present.

By virtue of this Article the Soveraign's Deputy or Lieutenant (in his absence) performed the Ceremony before the Reign of King Henry the Eighth, which was usually done at the Feast of St. George (for the Celebration of which he had ano∣ther Commission) but in the Commission given out for Installation, formerly the Lieutenant was first named, and the t 1.20 Knights-Companions appointed for his Assi∣stants at the said Feast, were joined with him in the Commission for Installa∣tion, to assist in that Ceremony also; but of later times, the Commission hath pass'd to the u 1.21 Lieutenant alone.

King Henry the Eight enlarged the powers given by the former Statutes to a Deputy, to w 1.22 two or more of the Knights-Companions, that should exercise the same by the Soveraign's Letters of Commission. And therefore by the liberty and priviledge of this Article, whensoever after the Soveraigns did appoint an Instal∣lation, at other times of the year, than at the Feast of St. George, they then dele∣gated their authority to such of the Knights-Companions as were thought most fit to perform this great Ceremony.

And the very next year after making this Statute, we find such a x 1.23 Commission

issued to the Marquess Dorset, and Earls of Devonshire and Kent, to Instal the Lord Ferrars of Chartley; the substance of which hath been ever since, and is yet retained, though the form hath received some little Variation, as may be seen by two other Commissions immediately following in the y 1.24 Appendix.

The particular powers granted by the Commissioiners are these, to accept and admit the Knight Elect into the Order, to receive his Oath, and to Instal him: and the general power is, to do and accomplish every thing which belongeth to his due Admittance and full Installation, as to the Statutes and laudable Usage••, Rules, and Customs of this Order appertaineth.

We shall only add this observation out of the Commission given to the z 1.25 Mar∣quess Dorset and the Lord Cobham, an. 5. E. 6. for Installation of the Lord Dar••y (which else is the same verbatim, with former Commissions) that in the last clause of general power, the word * 1.26 Vsage is put down, instead of the words Statutes and laudable Customs, which were generally inserted in the more ancient Com∣missions; perhaps, as restraining the Ceremonies of Installation, to such as were in use about that time, (when many Ceremonies accustomably used were forborn) not what the Statutes and laudable Customs of formerly days, had appointed and prac••ised: Howbeit, shortly after, these words were restored to the Commissi∣ons of Installation as appears from a | 1.27 and Lord Clynton, an. 2. & 3. Ph. & Mar. for the Installation of Anthony Brown Viscount Mountague.

SECT. IV. Letters of Summons.

BEsides the Commission impowering the Soveraign's Lieutenant, or Knights-Commissioners therein named to Instal the Elect-Knight, it hath been usual for the Soveraign (upon the Chancellors motion) to issue out Letters of Sum∣mons under his privy Signet (but of late under the Signet of the Order) both to the Commissioners for Installation, and to the Elect Knights. Those to the Commissioners are directed severally to each, nominated in the Commission: the effect whereof, is to give them notice of the Installation, and to require their repair to Windesor, against the day therein assigned, to the end the Elect Knight might proceed to his Installation; a Precedent whereof is also added in the * 1.28 Ap∣pendix. But at the Installation of Algernon Earl of Northumberland, an. 11. Car. 1. a | 1.29 Clause to this purpose is inserted into the Commission it self.

Those directed to the Elect Knight, pass likewise under the Soveraign's Sign manual and Signet of the Order, by which he is required to repair to Windesor Castle, at a certain day therein prefixt, to proceed to his Installation, according, to the Statutes of the Order; and of this kind we have also inserted a Form in the a 1.30 Appendix. Where note, that if there be two or more Knights appointed to be Installed on the same day, the like Letter is sent to each of them, the difference being only in the direction.

Besides these Letters sent from the Soveraign, the Chancellor (in case the So∣veraign afford his presence) in his Circular Letters to the Knights-Companions for their repair to the Feast of St. George, gives them also intimation of the de∣signed Installation. And if the said Feast be held either by the Soveraign or his Lieutenant, he dispatcheth a Letter to the Prelate of the Order, signifying the Soveraign's commands for his attendance at the day appointed: In both which cases, as also if the Installation be dispatcht by Commissioners, he writes his Letters to the three inferior Officers of the Order, purporting the same com∣mand. The conveyance of all which appertain to Garter, and are left to his care and trust by the d 1.31 Constitutions relating to the Officers of the Order; whose allow∣ance and reward upon these and such like service, shall be noted in its due place.

SECT. V. Warrant for the Livery of the Order.

THE third thing to be obtained by the Chancellor of the Order, is the Sove∣raign's Warrant, directed to the Master of the Great Wardrobe for the time being, to deliver so much Velvet for the Livery of the Order as will make the Knight Elect a Surcoat and Hood, and as much Sarcenet or Taffety, as will line them.

Of such a Warrant there is an ancient Precedent in Latin entred in the Black Book of the Order, and transferred to the a 1.32 Appendix; together with which, we have also inserted another b 1.33 Precedent in English, for delivery forth of materials for the Livery, to Sir Iohn Wallop Knight, c 1.34 Elected an. 35. H. 8. And in the same form run all the Warrants we have seen in the Reigns of d 1.35 Queen Mary, and e 1.36 Queen Elizabeth.

There is also to be provided a Book, wherein King Henry the Eighths En∣glish Statutes are written in a fair and legible hand upon Vellom: having in the beginning the Soveraign's Arms impaled, with those of the Order, and the proper Arms of the Knight for whom the Book is provided, both fairly limned and surrounded with the Garter.

This Book of Statutes is prepared by the Register of the Order, to whom, for the writing there is an allowance made, which generally in the Reigns of King Edward the Sixth, Queen Mary, and Queen Eliz. was g 1.37 2 l. but at King Iames his coming to the Crown, it was enlarged to h 1.38 3 l. 6 ••. 8 d.

SECT. VI. The Removal of Atchievements and Plates.

BEsides these particulars before mentioned, there is a Warrant or Scheme pre∣pared for the Soveraign to sign, wherein the order of the Stalls in the Choire at Windesor is set down, according as he appoints them to stand at the ensuing In∣stallation; by virtue of which, Garter is impowered to removed the Plates and Atchievements of the present Knights-Companions, that so way be made for the Elect Knight, or Knights, and to fix the new Plates and Atchievements within and over the Stalls, in such order as they are ranked in the said Scheme.

In reference to this alteration, Garter (so soon as the Soveraign's pleasure is known touching an Installation) brings to the Chancellor of the Order, the Names of the present Knights-Companions, ranked in the order they then sit in, their Stalls (in which the Stalls void are to be so noted) to the end he may pre∣sent them to the Soveraign; who, upon observing the series wherein they be al∣ready placed, may the better consider and determine how to alter and seat both them, and the new Elect Knights.

And we find in the vacancy of Garter's Office, this Employment was put up∣on Clarenceux; for g 1.39 an. 27. Eliz. the Soveraign's Warrant for removal and placing of Plates and Atchievements was delivered to h 1.40 him five days before the Installa∣tion of the Earl of Rutland, the Lords Cobham and Scroop, who thereupon fixed them according to the direction therein given.

This Section may be further enlarged, by adding thereunto an account, upon what ground this Alteration and Removal came to be made, and how it

continueth now in practice, seeing it was otherwise at the Institution of the Or∣der; wherein we must first have recourse to the Statutes of the Order, and an∣cient practice grounded thereupon.

Among the Statutes,* 1.41 those of Institution did Ordain, i 1.42 That if any Earl, Baron, or Knight Batchellor should depart this life, he that succeeded in his place, of what condition or state soever, should possess the same Stall, which his Predecessor held be∣fore, without changing: So that it might happen for an Earl (or Duke) to succeed a Knight, and a Knight an Earl (or Duke). And it was thus at first appointed, k 1.43 That it might be known who were the first Founders of this most Noble Order.

Now how punctually this Article of the Statutes hath been observed, and what care was generally taken (for a long time after the Institution of the Order) that none chosen should interrupt or change this course, we shall shew in the follow∣ing Instances; conceiving it very material to make use of those Tables, yet pre∣served in the Chapter-house at Windesor (but heretofore in the * 1.44 Choire of St. George's Chappel there) wherein are collected the Names of all those Knights Companions, who succeeded one another in each Stall until the beginning of King Henry the Seventh's Reign, a transcript whereof we have inserted in the Appen∣dix next after the Constitutions belonging to the Officers of the Order.

From which Series of succession, and other Authorities, we shall note how exactly the Law in this point hath been kept and observed, even unto King Henry the Eighth's Reign (when it received some alteration in this particular) with reference no less to Election than Installation: for we find in the Annals se∣veral Knights designed to the Stall of their immediate Predecessor, by the ho∣nor only of Election, albeit prevented of Installation by death, or other acci∣dental occasion, and the Statutes do not bind him only, who shall fortune to attain the honor of Installation, but him o 1.45 who shall come after or succeed the de∣sunct Knight, which may as well be understood of, and applied to an Elect, as Installed Knight; though the before mentioned Tables take notice only of the latter of these.

First therefore, we shall instance in foreign Kings, among whom we see the King of Denmark [Ericus] to have received Installation in q 1.46 King Henry the Fifth's Reign, not according to his own state and degree (as a King) but into the Stall of that Knight-Companion whom he succeeded, namely the Duke of Bavaria, it being the eighth on the Soveraign's side, whose first Predecessor and Founder was Sir Iohn Grey of Codnore Castle in the Country of Darby.

Besides, Iohn [the First] King of Portugal (a Knight-Companion in r 1.47 King Henry the Fifth's time also) was installed in the second Stall on the Soveraign's side, which belonged to Henry Duke of Lancaster, his first Predeccessor, and to this King did succeed (in the same Stall) his Son Edward King of Portugal elected s 1.48 an. 13. H. 6. to whose Successor [Humfry Duke of Gloucester] t 1.49 an. 34. of the same King, succeeded Alphonsus [the Fifth] King of Portugal, and to him, as saith the French Table, Iohn [the Second] King of Portugal. But I rather doubt this Ta∣ble (as to the last King) is mistaken for the second Stall, not on the Soveraign's but Princes side; because there we find (as may be seen) George Duke of Clarence seated; and the Black Book saith, this King of Portugal was Elected, an. 22. E. 4. u 1.50 in the place of George Duke of Clarence, whose Stall had been long vacant, and whereinto an. 19. E. 4. had been Elected (though perhaps not installed) w 1.51 Henry King of Spain. So the King of Poland [Casemir] was Elected. x 1.52 an. 28. H. 6. into the sixth Stall on the Princ••s side, at that time void by the death of the Duke of Conimbero, whose first Founder was Sir Iohn Mohun.

Again Alphonsus King of Aragon and Naples, a 1.53 an. 38. H. 6. was Elected into the Stall of Don Albro Vasques Dalmadea Count d' Averence, being the seventh on the Soveraign's side, Sir Hugh Courtney first possessing it. Ferdinand King of Naples and Sicely, Elected b 1.54 an. 3. E. 4. was Installed in the third Stall on the Princes side, Ralph Earl of Stafford having been the first installed therein. To this King succeeded Hercules Duke of Ferrara, c 1.55 Elected, an. 19. E. 4. and after him Guido Vbaldus Duke of Vrbin, chosen a Companion of this most Noble So∣ciety by King Henry the Seventh.

Lastly, we find that Alphonsus King of Sicely and Ierusalem, being Elected al∣so by King Henry the Seventh, received his Installation in the second Stall on the Princes side, whose first Predecessor was Thomas Beauchamp Earl of Warwick.

In the second place, if we descend to Foreign Princes, it may be observed that William Duke of Gueldres, Elected by King Richard the Second, was in∣stalled in the sixth Stall on the Soveraign's side, which Sir Iohn Beauchamp, one of the first Founders sometime possest. That William of Henault Earl of Oster∣vant (afterwards Earl of Holland, Haynalt, and Zeland) chosen Companion of the Order by the said King Richard, was installed in the eleventh Stall on the Sove∣raign's side, whose first Predecessor was Sir Iohn Cha••dos. That Robert Count Palatine of the Rhine, and Duke of Bavaria, Elected by King Henry the Fourth, was installed in the eighth Stall on the Soveraign's side.

That Philip Duke of Burgundy was Elected by h 1.56 King Henry the Fifth (though not Installed) into the Stall of Sir Iohn Clifford, which appears to be the eleventh on the Princes side. Sir Iames Audeley one of the first Founders, having been first placed therein. And that an. 28. H. 6. Henry Duke of Brunswick was Elect∣ed into the Duke of Suffolk's Stall (viz. the seventh on the same side) it having been the Stall of Sir Thomas Holand (Earl of Kent) one of the first Founders. And lastly, that Frederick Duke of Vrbyn sat in the twelfth Stall on the Sove∣raign's side, he therein succeeding Sir Walter Blount, an. 14. E. 4. and having Sir▪ Otho Holand (Brother to the aforesaid Sir Tho. Holand) for his Founder.

Add to these the Sons of Kings, and we find Peter Duke of Conimbero, one of the Sons to Iohn the First King of Portugal (Elected i 1.57 an. 5. H. 6.) to have been Installed in the sixth Stall on the Princes side, therein succeeding the Duke of Exceter. So also Henry Duke of Visen (another of this Kings Sons) Elected an. 21. H. 6. succeeded Sir Simon Felbrige in the lowest Stall on the Princes side, whose first Predecessor therein was Sir Walter Pavely.

And as the Statute was carefully observed with reference to the Election and Installation of Foreign Princes, so no less in relation to the Princes of the Blood at home, among whom, let us (in the third place) observe the placing the Sons of the Founder of this most Noble Order, where first we see Lyonel Duke of Cla∣rence his third Son to have been Installed in the sixth Stall on the Soveraign's side, whose immediate Predecessor was Sir Iohn Beauchamp one of the first Foun∣ders. In like manner Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster his Fourth Son was In∣stalled in the seventh Stall on the Princes side, having Sir Thomas Holand for his Predecessor, and a Founder.

Again Edmund of Langley Duke of York his fifth Son was Installed in the se∣venth Stall on the Soveraign's side, Sir Hugh Courtney, one of the first Founders, being first placed therein. And Thomas of Woodstock Duke of Gloucester his sixth Son sat in the eighth Stall on the Soveraign's side, whose first Predecessor was Sir Iohn Grey, one of the first Founders likewise.

It may be further observed that the Rule in the Statute was strictly pursued in relation also to the Sons of King Henry the Fourth, for Thomas Duke of Cla∣rence his second Son, was seated in the seventh Stall on the Princes side. Iohn Duke of Bedford and Regent of France his third Son, was installed in the seventh Stall on the Soveraign's side; viz. opposite to the Duke of Clarence his elder Brother, and in a Stall of higher dignity. And Humfry Duke of Gloucester his fourth Son, s••t in the eleventh Stall on the same side.

To instance next in the Brothers and Sons of King Edward the Fourth; George Duke of Clarence was placed in the second Stall on the Princes side. Richard Duke of Gloucester (afterwards King of England and Soveraign of this Order) was Installed in the fifth Stall on the Soveraign's side, whose first Predecessor was Sir Iohn Lisle. And Richard Duke of York, the said Kings second Son, received his Installation in the fourth Stall on the Princes side.

In the last place, if we review the foresaid Tables, we shall find, that as the Knights-Companions of higher dignity, assumed the Stalls (when they became vacant) though often of the lower sort, so some of the lowest degree among them, have had the honor to be Installed in Seats of superior rank; and this meerly by virtue and observance of the Law in this case provided.

Among these Knights-Companions we shall first reckon Sir Philip la Vache, a Gascon, who in the Reign of King Richard the Second was first Installed in the Princes Stall (that being void by the death of Iohn of Gaunt, in whose room he hapned to be Elected) though afterwards removed to the third Stall on the So∣veraign's side. As also Sir Iohn Dabrichcourt, Elected an. 1. H. 5. who died pos∣sest of the said Princes Stall in the fifth of the said King.

Next, Sir Nicholas Sarnesfield, Standard-Bearer to the Founder, who succeed∣ed Hugh Earl of Stafford, and after him Sir William Arundel, imediate Succes∣sor to the said Sir Nicholas, were both installed in the second Stall on the Sove∣raign's side. Sir Iohn Robsart an Heynower, was an. 9. H. 5. installed in the se∣cond Stall on the Princes side. Sir Gilbert Talbot, and after him Sir Iohn Grey were both installed in the third Stall on the Soveraign's side. And in the third Stall on the Princes side was Ralph Stafford one of the first Founders installed, in which Stall successively sate Sir Alan Boxhull, Sir Bryan Stapleton, and Sir Wil∣liam Scroop.

We could add here divers other instances, how the Knights-Companions, both in the case of Elections and Installations, have succeeded in the Stalls of their immediate Predecessors; but these already inserted may suffice, since they in∣clude the chief and most considerable particulars; and sufficiently manifest that the usage and practice down to the Reign of King Henry the Eighth, was pursuant to the ancient Law of the Order.

But we are here to note, that notwithstanding each Knight was by the before mentioned Article appointed to succeed his immediate Predecessor, in the Stall void by his death; yet doth there follow an Exception, as to the Stall belonging to the Prince of Wales. This Stall is the first on the left hand at the entrance into the Choire of St. George's Chappel at Windesor, and wherein Edward the Black Prince was Installed; from this Stall doth the whole range of Stalls on the same side take their denomination, and to which the k 1.58 Prince of Wales assoon as he is Elected into the Order, hath a due Title.

But though this Stall de jure belongs to the Prince of Wales; nevertheless heretofore when the Soveraign had no Heir, then was it (for the present) di∣sposed of (otherwise a defect in the full number of Knights-Companions would have ensued) to some other Knight, who received the honor of Installation therein.

The first that obtained that honor (besides Princes of Wales) was Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster, it being conferr'd on him by Decree of the Soveraign and Knights-Companions (Richard the Second, having no issue, neither then nor afterwards) and thereupon removed thither, from the seventh Stall on the same side, wherein he had been installed at his first admission into the Order.

But the first Knight-Companion that hapned to be installed in it, was Sir Philip l•• Vache (a little before remembred) and a very great honor it was, for one of his rank: But it fell to him by the then Law of the Order, being elected into the room of the said Duke of Lancaster, who dyed possest thereof.

Howbeit shortly after (such was the change of times) King Henry the Fourth coming to the Crown, and his eldest Son being n 1.59 created Prince of Wales, laid then claim to this Stall by virtue of the foresaid Statute, and had it surrendred to him. Nevertheless, that the former possessor might suffer as little deminution in the honor of his Session, as might be, he was removed no lower than to the Stall, which King Henry the Fourth lately held when Earl of Derby, viz. the third on the Soveraign's side, and had now relinquished for the Soveraign's roy∣al Stall.

Upon the death of King Henry the Fourth, and removal of King Henry the Fifth from the Princes Stall (whereby a vacancy therein ensued) to the Soveraign's Seat: Sir Iohn Dabrichcourt (Elected an. 1. H. 5.) was Installed therein, and he (an. 5. of the same King) dying possest thereof (of which a notable testimony re∣mains, by the continuance of his Plate in that Stall to this day) and the Sove∣raign yet unmarried, the Emperor Sigismond became the next Successor to Sir Iohn Dabrichcourt, both into the Society of the Order, and the Princes Stall.

He dying o 1.60 Albert Duke of Austria, afterwards Emperor (there being hitherto no Prince born) was Elected in his room, an. 16. H. 6. but this Emperor was never Installed, and thereupon during his life (neer 20. years after his Election) the Princes Stall was not otherwise disposed of, but remained vacant, and so is it noted in several Pages of the p 1.61 Black Book.

But some few years before King Henry the Sixth dyed, he had a Son born, to wit, in the 32. year of his Reign, in which regard, though the Emperor Fre∣derick was Elected into the Order, q 1.62 an. 35. H. 6. upon the death of Albert, yet was the said Stall reserved for the Prince (but he never possest it) and the Em∣peror r 1.63 an. 37. H. 6. Installed by Proxy in the Duke of Somersets Stall, then late∣ly deceased, being the eighth on the Princes side.

In King Edward the Fourth's Reign, we find the right in this Stall returned again to Edward Prince of Wales, his eldest Son; and in King Henry the Seventh's Reign to Prince Arthur; but upon his death, Maximilian Son of Frederick King of the Romans, and after Emperor, sat therein: So also did the Emperor Charles the Fifth (his Grandchild) in regard that as yet, there was no Son born to the Soveraign.

But Prince Edward being born, while this Stall was possest by Charles the Fifth, it hapned also that the King of Scots dyed, which caused King Henry the Eight to reserve his Stall (the third on the Soveraign's side) for the Prince, al∣beit he never had possession of it, nor was ever Elected into the Order, though we find him s 1.64 once registred in a Scruteny. And King Henry the Eighth dying, Prince Edward became both by inheritance and succession, Soveraign of this most Noble Order, by virtue of the first Article of the Statutes; not needing any Ce∣remony to make him so.

From this time to the eighth year of King Iames there was no Prince of Wales; which King, finding the Princes Stall void at his entrance upon the English Throne, did (in a Chapter held the t 1.65 3. of Iuly, an. 1. Iac. Regis) advance the French King Henry the Fourth, from the second Stall on the Soveraign's side in∣to it; and appointed Prince Henry to be Installed u 1.66 in that Kings void seat, where he remained till an. 3. Iacobi. that Christierne the Fourth King of Denmark came to be Installed by his Proxy, to make way for whom, the Prince (though his Se∣nior both by Election and Installation) was removed yet lower, viz. to the x 1.67 se∣cond Stall on the Princes side, and the said King Installed in the Seat which Prince Henry had to that time possest. And yet y 1.68 an. 9. Iac. R. upon the death of the foresaid French King, not the Prince (as was his right, since now he was created Prince of Wales) but the z 1.69 said King of Denmark was translated to the Princes vacant Stall; hereupon Prince Henry was returned again to the a 1.70 second Stall on the Soveraign's side, which he enjoyed while he lived, and upon his death b 1.71 Prince Charles was removed into it, an. 11. Iac. R. and there rested all King Iames his Reign.

In like manner, when the present Soveraign came to be Installed, the then So∣veraign finding him prevented for assuming the Princes Stall (the foresaid King of Denmark yet living) assigned to him the second Stall on the Soveraign's side, (wherein himself sat, while Prince of Wales) and where hitherto the present So∣veraign's Plate remains fixt as a memorial of his Installation therein.

* 1.72Albeit (as hath been before cleered) that the Knights-Companions at their Election or Installation succeeded the immediate defunct Knight in his Stall, yet do we also observe, that somtimes, after Installation, as an especial mark of fa∣vour and indulgence, the Soveraign hath been pleased (though but seldom and rarely) to advance a Knight-Companion to a higher Stall (when it became va∣cant) then that wherein he was at first Installed. And though there be no such liberty given by the Law of the Order, nevertheless in the first Precedent (very early after the Institution) in the case of Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster (who as is before noted was removed from the seventh Stall on the Princes side (wherein he was first placed) to the Princes Stall it self) this act is said to be done c 1.73 by the decree of the Soveraign and Knights-Companions; and no doubt, but as this was done by so good authority, so upon no less inducements to the Soveraign and

whole Society. But there are few of these extraordinary cases, which (taking up little time) we will remember here.

William of Henalt Earl of Ostervant, was advanced by King Richard the Se∣cond from the eleventh Stall on the Soveraign's side, to the Duke of Britains Stall, it being the second on the Princes side. Next, Humfry Duke of Gloucester, in the Reign of King Henry the Sixth, having been first installed in the eleventh Stall on the Soveraign's side, was (when he came to be Lord Protector) removed to the second Stall on the same side. Afterward Richard Nevill Earl of Warwick, by the d 1.74 consent of the Knights-Companions in Chapter, an. 39. H. 6. was translated to the Duke of Buckingham's Stall, the Lord Bonvill, to the Lord Scales his Seat, Sir Thomas Kyriell to the place of the Earl of Shrewsbury, and the Lord Wenlock to the Stall of Viscount Beaumont. And lastly, Ferdinand King of Naples and Sicily, was removed to the third Stall on the Soveraign's side, after he had been installed in the third on the Princes side: yet this was an advance of so little honor, as it is scarce worth taking notice of, being but the very next above that, wherein he was first Installed.

But King Henry the Eighth thinking it requisite for the Soveraigns of this most Noble Order,* 1.75 to be impowered by a general Law, to do that at pleasure, which the former Soveraign's did not but by the power of particular Acts or Orders in Chapter; after he had confirmed the e 1.76 ancient Law of succeeding in the Stall of the immediate Predecessor, not to be changed without the Soveraign's License (ne∣vertheless excepting Strangers) he in the next succeeding Article established this Priviledge upon Himself and Successors, f 1.77 That if there were any Place or Stall void, the Soveraign at his own pleasure might advance and translate any Knight of the Society into the void Stall, so that it were higher than that wherein he sat before.

This in effect did vacat the ancient Law of succeeding in Stalls by him seem∣ingly confirm'd to Knights-Subjects; for afterward Translations preceding to Installations, became so frequent, that the right an Elect-Knight had to his Pre∣decessors Stall was seldom enjoyed. Howbeit, hereby he setled a power to gratifie and oblige such of the Knights-Companions as should be thought worthy the honor of advancing, without recourse had to a Chapter for a special and particular allowance: and from hence the Custom began to issue out Warrants under the Soveraign's Sign manual for the Translation of Stalls, some conveni∣ent time before the day of Installation approched, and consequently the alte∣ration and removal of such of the Knights-Companions Helms, Crests, Banners, and Plates, who should receive the honor of a higher Place; their Atchieve∣ments being by virtue of such Warrants set up over the Stalls, to which they were advanced, there to remain during the time their owners continued therein.

And now that we may see in what manner King Henry the Eighth made use of the powers and priviledges setled by the foresaid Articles, both as to the re∣moval of Stalls, and doing it by special Warrant (which is Garters discharge) we shall exhibit a few Examples; first shewing in what order the Stalls were ranked, shortly after passing this Law, that by comparing some following years with these Schemes, the alteration may with greater readiness be discerned.

Knights of the Order of the Garter, as they stood ranked in their Stalls, Anno 17. H. 8.

The Soveraign's side.	The Princes side.
1. The Soveraign.	1. The Emperor Charles the Fifth.* 1.78
2. Duke of Richmond.	2. Archduke of Austria.
3. Marquess Dorset.	3. Duke of Norfolk.
4. Marquess of Exceter.	4. Earl of Northumberland.
5. Earl of Shrewsbury.	5. Duke of Suffolk.
6. Earl of Essex.	6. Earl of Arundel.

7. Earl of Worcester.	7. Viscount Lisle.
8. Viscount Fitz Walter.	8. Lord Bergaveny.
9. Lord Dacre.	9. Lord Ferrars.
10. Lord Dudley.	10. Lord Darcy.
11. Earl of Westmerland.	11. Lord La Ware.
12. Earl of Rutland.	12. Lord Sandys.
13. Viscount Rocheford.	13. Sir Richard Wingfield.

Knights of the Order of the Garter as they stood ranked in their Stalls Anno 18. H. 8.

* 1.791. The Soveraign.	1. The Emperor Charles the Fifth.
2. Duke of Richmond.	2. Archduke of Austria.
3. Marquess Dorset.	3. Duke of Norfolk.
4. Marquess of Exceter.	4. Earl of Northumberland.
5. Earl of Shrewsbury.	5. Duke of Suffolk.
6. Earl of ••ssex.	6. Earl of Arundel.
7. Earl of Westmerland.	7. Viscount Lisle.
8. Viscount Fitz-Walter.	8. Lord Bergaveny.
9. Earl of Rutland.	9. Lord Ferrars.
10. Lord Dudley.	10. Lord Darcy.
11. Void.	11. Viscount Rochford.
12. Lord Mountjoy.	12. Lord Sandys.
13. Sir William Fitz Williams.	13. Sir Henry Guldeford.

In the latter of these two Schemes, drawn for the Translation of Stalls, an. 18. H. 8. it may be observ'd, first, that on the Soveraign's side the Earl of Westmer∣land was advanced from the eleventh Stall to the seventh, being void by the death of the Earl of Worcester: The Earl of Rutland from the twelfth to the ninth, that being also void by the Lord Dacres death; then Viscount Rochford from the thirteenth Stall to the eleventh on the Princess side, where the Lord La Ware lately sat, but then also deceased. And lastly, the h 1.80 three newly Elect Knights were thus disposed of at their Installation; first the Lord Montjoy into the twelfth Stall, then lately void by the removal of the Earl of Rutland, next Sir William Fitz Williams into the thirteenth Stall, from whence Viscount Rochford was removed, and lastly, Sir Henry Guldeford into that void by the death of Sir Richard Wingfield, viz. the thirteenth on the Princes side; but the Stall from whence the Earl of Westmerland was removed, remained yet void.

An appointment for the Translation of Stalls upon admission of Francis the French King, An. 19. H. 8.

* 1.811. The Soveraign.	1. The Emperor.
2. The French King.	2. The King of Bohemia.
3. Duke of Richmond.	3. Duke of Norfolk.
4. Marquess of Exceter.	4. Marquess Dorset.
5. Earl of Shrewsbury.	5. Duke of Suffolk.
6. Earl of Essex.	6. Earl of Arundel.
7. Earl of Westmerland.	7. Viscount Lisle.
8. Viscount Fitz Walter.	8. Lord Bergaveny.
9. Earl of Rutland.	9. Lord Ferrars.
10. Lord Dudley.	10. Lord Darcy.
11. Earl of Oxenford.	11. Viscount Rochford.
12. Lord Mountjoy.	12. Lord Sandys.
13. Sir William Fitz Williams.	13. Sir Henry Guildford.

The setlement of Stalls made the i 1.82 26. of Ianuary, in the following year, af∣fords us these observations.

First, by reason of the French King Election (which past the k 1.83 21. Oct. an. 18. H. 8.) and to make room for his Instalment in the second Stall on the Soveraign's side (which hitherto had been possessed by the Duke of Richmond) both the said Duke and Marquess of Dorset were removed lower, the Duke into the said Mar∣ques's Stall, and the Marquess into the Earl of Northumberla••ds, then lately void by death.

And this was now so done, that the Soveraign might express what honor he could to a King, between whom and him there had lately past so great endear∣ments. All the rest of the Stalls may be observed to stand ranked, as they did the year before; and the void Stall on the Soveraign's side to be here supplied by the Installation of the Earl of Oxford, Elected in the same Chapter with the French King.

In the 20.21, and 22. years of King Henry the Eighth, the Stalls received no alteration; and but little an. 23. of the same King; when the death of the Mar∣quess Dorset occasioned advancing the Duke of Suffolk into his void Stall, and placing the Earl of Arundel in the Dukes. Whereupon the Earl of Northum∣berland (Elected in the room of the Marquess Dorset) was Installed in that which the Earl of Arundel relinquished: and in this order they continued the m 1.84 24. and 25. years of this King.

Nor was there any removal made an. 26. H. 8. for albeit the Earls of Beau∣mont and Newbl••nke [French Noblemen] were elected in a Chapter held at Callire the 27. of Oct. an. 24. H. 8. yet at their Installation, they were placed in the two Stalls, then void by the death of two of the Knights-Companions, viz. the n 1.85 first in the Stall of the Lord Dudley, and the other in that of Sir Henry Guilford.

But the alterations became yet more considerable, and extended almost to a general Translation, which were made in the Stalls, an. 27. H. 8. upon the ad∣mission of Iames the Fifth, King of Scotland, (one Stall being then void by the death of the Lord Montjoy) for there remained unchanged only these five, viz. the Earl of Rutland, and Earl of Beaumont (but called only Lord Beaumont in the Warrant for Translation) on the Soveraign's side; and the Emperor, the King of Bohemia, and Duke of Suffolk on the Princess side.

Nevertheless this so great an alteration was not made but upon consultation in o 1.86 Chapter held at Greenwich on St. George's day, in the aforesaid year, where the Soveraign with the assent of the rest of the Knights-Companions present, thought it expedient, that forasmuch as the said King of Scots, was newly ad∣mitted into the Society of the Order, and that there ought to be assigned a Stall answerable to his greatness; that the Stalls of the Knights-Companions should be translated, q 1.87 so as the said King should be placed next to the King of the Romans, and the rest to be ranked according to the Soveraign's pleasure; and thereupon it was given in charge to Garter, to see the same accordingly perform∣ed. The setlement of the Stalls at this time, as it was sub-signed by the Sove∣raign, coming to our hands, we have exactly transcribed hither.

The Kings Highness appointment for the Stall of the King of Scots, An. R. sui 27.23. April 1535.

1. The Soveraign.	1. The Emperor.
2. The French King.	2. The King of the Romans.
3. The King of Scotland.	3. The Duke of Richmond.
4. The Duke of Norfolk.	4. The Duke of Suffolk.
5. The Marquess of Exceter.	5. The Earl of Shrewsbury.
6. The Earl of Arundel.	6. The Earl of Essex.
7. The Earl of Northumberland.	7. The Earl of Westmerland.
8. The Earl of Wiltshire.	8. The Earl of Sussex.
9. The Earl of Rutland.	9. The Earl of Oxenford.

10. The Lord Beaumond.	10. The Viscount Lysle.
11. The Lord Burgaveny.	11. The Earl of Newblanke.
12. The Lord Ferrars.	12. The Lord Darcy.
13. The Lord Sandys.	13. Sir William Fitz William.
	Henry R.

In this Scheme we find the King of Scots, placed in the Duke of Richmond's Stall, who with the Duke of Norfolk, the Earls of Shrewsbury, Arundel, Essex, Northumberland, Westmerland, and Sussex, were all removed into the next Stall below that which each of them sat in before, whether it were on the Soveraign's or Princes side. The Marquess of Exeter to the next below his own on the So∣veraign's side, Viscount Lisle from the seventh to the tenth Stall on the Prince's side, the Lord Abergaveny from the eighth on the Prince's side, to the eleventh on the Soveraign's side; the Lord Ferrars from the ninth on the Prince's side, to the twelfth on the Soveraign's side; the Lord Darcy from the tenth on the Prince's side, to the twelfth on the same; and the Lord Sandys from the twelfth on the Prince's side, to the thirteenth on the Soveraign's.

And as these before mentioned Knights Companions were removed lower, so the Earls of Oxford, Wilts, and Newblanke, were honored with higher Stalls than they before possest; for the first of them was advanced from the eleventh Stall on the Soveraign's side to the ninth on the Prince's, the second from the eleventh on the Prince's side to the eighth on the Soveraign's and the third from the thir∣teenth of the Prince's to the eleventh on the same side. So that in this last ex∣ample, though many of the Knights-Companions were removed lower, yet it may be observed, that the English Nobility were now ranked according to their Degrees; first Dukes, next a Marquess, then Earls, next Viscounts, afterwards Barons, and last of all Knights.

Some few removals were made in the following years of this King, but none of so great note as this last mentioned, and therefore we need not enlarge our Instances. Nor were there any considerable translations, in the Reigns of King Edward the Sixth, or Queen Mary.

But immediately after Queen Elizabeth came to the Crown, by consent of the Knights-Companions in Chapter held the 12. of Ianuary an. 1. Eliz. the At∣chievments of p 1.88 Philip King of Spain (late Soveraign of the Order) were re∣moved to the Stall of the Emperor Ferdinand, void by his being advanced in∣to the Princes Stall, for which q 1.89 Garter had then command given him.

And when the French King Charles the Ninth was Elected into this Order, to wit, on the r 1.90 morrow after St. George's day an. 6. Eliz. it occasioned the Soveraign then to alter some Stalls, to leave one vacant for him: and the better to observe this alteration (which was considerable) we shall first shew how they stood ranked on the Eve of the said Feast.

Elizabeth R.
* 1.911. The Soveraign.	1. The Emperor Ferdinand.
2. The King of Spain.	2. The Duke of Savoy.
3. The Constable of France.	3. The Duke of Holstein.
4. The Earl of Arundel.	4. The Marquess of Winchester.
5. The Earl of Derby.	5. The Earl of Penbroke.
6. The Duke of Norfolk.	6. The Lord Clynton.
7. Void.	7. The Marquess of Northampton.
8. Void.	8. Void.
9. The Lord Effingham.	9. The Earl of Sussex.
10. The Earl of Shrewsbury.	10. The Lord Hastings.
11. The Viscount Mountagu.	11. The Lord Robert Dudley.
12. The Earl of Northumberland.	12. The Earl of Warwick.
13. Void.	13. The Lord Hunsdon.

The 14. of May following, being appointed for the Installation of Francis Earl of Bedford, and Sir Henry Sidney, Elected at the same time with the French King, the Stalls were removed, by the Soveraign's appointment, and setled in the following order.

Elizabeth R.
1. The Soveraign.	1. The Emperor Ferdinand.* 1.92
2. The King of Spain.	2. Void.
3. The Duke of Savoy.	3. The Constable of France.
4. The Earl of Arundel.	4. The Duke of Holstein.
5. The Marquess of Winchester.	5. The Earl of Derby.
6. The Earl of Penbroke.	6. The Duke of Norfolk.
7. The Lord Clynton.	7. The Marquess of Northampton.
8. The Lord Effingham.	8. The Earl of Sussex.
9. The Earl of Shrewsbury.	9. The Lord Hastings.
10. The Viscount Mountagu.	10. The Lord Robert Dudley.
11. The Earl of Northumberland.	11. The Earl of Warwick.
12. The Lord Hunsdon.	12. The Earl of Bedford.
13. Void.	13. Sir Henry Sidney.

Where, beside the translation of the Stranger Princes (whom we shall men∣tion a little below) we see the Marquess of Winchester, the Earls of Derby and Penbroke, the Duke of Norfolk, and the Lord Clynton, were each of them seat∣ed in the next lower Stall to that they enjoyed before. And by the advance∣ment of the Lord Effingham, Earl of Shrewsbury, Viscount Mountagu, and Earl of Northumberland, each a Stall higher on the Soveraign's side; and the like advance of the Earl of Sussex, Lord Hastings, Lord Dudley, and Earl of Warwick, on the Princes side; the eighth Stall on the Soveraign's side, and that opposite thereunto on the Princes, were now filled up. The Lord Hunsdon was likewise advanced from the lowest Stall on the Princes side, to the twelfth on the Sove∣raign's; and lastly the two Elect-Knights were installed in the twelfth and thirteenth Stall on the Prince's side.

Beside the power established upon the Soveraign's of this most Noble Order, of translating Stalls, when a vacancy hapned, King Henry the Eighth further added this larger Prerogative s 1.93 That the Soveraign once in his life, might if it pleased him, make a general Translation of all the Stalls at his pleasure, except of Emperors, Kings, Princes, and Dukes, who (being setled in Stalls agreeable to their Dignities) should keep their Stalls and Places (if such a general Translation happened) unless advanced to a higher Room and Stall. In which Translation, the long continuance in the Order, and the praises, worthiness, and merits of the Knights-Companions were to be considered and remembred.

But this branch of the Soveraign's Prerogative in the Order, was never yet made use of as we can find (though that Translation an. 27. H. 8. came som∣thing neer it) perhaps lest it might raise too great animosities among the Knights Subjects, forasmuch as that of translating only (when there hapned a vacancy) Begot great emulations, which at length introduced an alteration, and to which we shall pass, after we have taken notice of a Clause added in the 22. Article of King Henry the Eighth's Statutes, relating to Stranger Princes.

Here therefore it is to be observed, that the ancient Law of succeeding in Stalls, was also, in relation to them, whollyaltered: For King Henry the Eighth upon the establishment of his Body of Statutes, not only appointed those Stran∣gers, then present of the Order, to be seated next himself, but that t 1.94 all Emperors, Kings, and Princes should hold their Stalls after their Estates, and the very next un∣to the Soveraign, though Knights-Subjects upon vacancy became removeable at pleasure.

Hereupon the Emperor u 1.95 Maximilian the Second,w 1.96 and after him Rudolph the Second his Son, had the Princes Stall assigned them after their Election into the Order.

The French Kings x 1.97 Francis the First, y 1.98 Henry the Second, z 1.99 Charles the Ninth, a 1.100 Henry the Third, and b 1.101 Henry the Fourth, were Installed in the next below, being the second on the Soveraign's side. And when there were more then one King at a time in the Order, the second Stall on the Prince's side was assigned to him, of whom the former had precedency allowed him, in relation to his State and Dignity, not of antiquity in the Order; as it was by the King of c 1.102 Bo∣hemia, an. 19. H. 8. The King of d 1.103 Spain, an. 8. Eliz. So also upon the same Rule, and for the same Reason was somtimes the third Stall on the Soveraign's side possest by Kings, as in the cases of e 1.104 Iames the Fifth King of Scotland, an. 27. H. 8. and f 1.105 Frederick the Third King of Denmark, an. 25. Eliz.

And lastly we find, that Princes Strangers were placed next to Kings, ac∣cording to their state as were the Dukes of g 1.106 Savoy, Montmorency, and Holstein an. 3. Eliz. h 1.107 Iohn Casimire Count Palatine of the Rhine an. 25. Eliz. and i 1.108 Frederick Prince Palatine, and Maurice Prince of Orange, an. 11. Iac. Regis.

But notwithstanding these Assignments of Stalls to Strangers, they were ne∣vertheless subject to removal; somtime to Stalls higher than their own, upon the death of a Stranger, who died possest of a superior Stall, and somtimes again to others lower, for the advancing a Knight of greater dignity, where the up∣per Stalls were already fill'd: else could they not be placed or hold their Stalls according to their respective States, as the Statute doth enjoin; nor indeed would any Stranger King (since the ancient manner of succeeding in Stalls re∣ceived alteration) have accepted of Election into the Order, unless room had been made to seat him in a Stall sutable to his Dignity.

Instances of Advancement in translation of Stalls are of Ferdinand Emperor of Germany, who after the death of the Emperor Charles the Fifth, his Brother, was advanced from the second Stall on the Prince's side into the Prince's Stall, k 1.109 an. 1. Eliz. Of Philip the Second King of Spain, advanced from the second on the Prince's side to the l 1.110 second on the Soveraign's an. 2. Eliz. after the death of the French King Henry the Second. Of Henry the Fourth of France, advanced from the second on the Soveraign's side to the m 1.111 Prince's Stall, an. 1. Iac. R. Of Christerne the Fourth King of Denmark, an. 9. Iac. R. from the second on the Soveraign's side to the said n 1.112 Princes Stall, after the death of the French King Henry the Fourth. And of Christierne the Fifth King of Denmark, advanced from the fourth Stall on the Prince's side, to the second on the Soveraign's, an. 22. Car. 2.

Among the Princes Strangers, we find Emanuel Duke of Savoy advanced from the third on the Prince's side to the o 1.113 second of the same side, an. 2. Eliz. Iohn Casimire Count Palatine from the fourth on the Soveraign's side, to the p 1.114 third on the ••rince's an. 32. Eliz. four years after the Duke of Holstein's death. Frederick Prince Palatine an. 1. Car. 1. was advanced from the second on the Prince's to the q 1.115 second on the Soveraign's side: And Henry Frederick Prince of Orange, from the third on the Soveraign's to the r 1.116 second on the Prince's, an. 10. Car. 1. up∣on the death of the King of Sweden.

In those instances of Removals lower after Installation, we shall first remem∣ber, That an. 6. Eliz. when the French King Charles the Ninth was Elected, the superior Stalls were already fill'd with Strangers, and there was no way left to make room for him to the Stall designed him by the Soveraign, but by removal of some of those Knights Strangers lower, and thereupon for the present, Emanuel Duke of Savoy was removed one Stall lower, viz. to the s 1.117 third on the Sove∣raign's side, Anne Duke of Montmorency to the t 1.118 third on the Prince's side, and the Duke of Holstein to the fourth on the same side.

But the said French King was not Installed until the 16. of Ianuary an. 8. Eliz. and before that it was concluded to m 1.119 remove the King of Spain to the Duke of Savoy's Stall, voided as before, and to Instal the French King in the King of Spain's void Stall, n 1.120 which was accordingly done; so that on this occasion there were four Strangers, and five Knights Subjects (before remembred) removed lower, to make way for the French King.

The 20. of April, an. 2. Iac. Reg. the Duke of Wirtemberg was installed in

the o 1.121 third Stall on the Prince's side, and on St. George's Eve in the following year advanced a Stall higher, viz. to the third on the Soveraign's side. The 16. of May ensuing p 1.122 Vlrick Duke of Holst had assigned him that Stall from whence the Duke of Wirtemberg was advanced, and installed therein: But against the Installation of Christierne the Fourth King of Denmark (which hap∣ned to be the 9. of September in the same year) the q 1.123 Duke of Wirtemberg was removed back to the Seat wherein he was Installed, and the r 1.124 Duke of Holst ad∣vanced into his void Stall. All which will appear more clear, from the ap∣pointment of Stalls on these occasions which follow.

A Remove of Banners and Plates at the Installation of Frederick Duke of Wirtemberg, Anno. Iac. Reg. 2.* 1.125

Iames R.
1. The Soveraign	1. The French King.
2. The Prince	2. Void.
3. Earl of Nottingham.	3. Duke of Wirtemberg.
4. Earl of Ormond.	4. Earl of Dorset.
5. Earl of Shrewsbury.	5. Earl of Cumberland.
6. Earl of Northumberland.	6. Earl of Worcester.
7. Lord Sheffield.	7. Earl of Suffolk.
8. Earl of Devonshire.	8. Sir Henry Lea
9. Earl of Sussex.	9. Lord Scrope.
10. Earl of Darby.	10. Lord Burghley.
11. Duke of Lenox.	11. Earl of Southampton.
12. Earl of Marr.	12. Earl of Penbroke.
13. Void.	13. Void.

The order of Stalls at St. George's Feast, * 1.126 an. Iac. Regis 3.

Iames R.
1. The Soveraign.	1. The French King.
2. The Prince.	2. Void.
3. Duke of Wirtemberg.	3. Earl of Nottingham.
4. Earl of Ormond.	4. Earl of Dorset.
5. Earl of Shrewsbury.	5. Earl of Cumberland.
6. Earl of Northumberland.	6. Earl of Worcester.
7. Lord Sheffield.	7. Earl of Suffolk.
8. Earl of Devonshire.	8. Sir Henry Lea.
9. Earl of Sussex.	9. Lord Scrope.
10. Earl of Darby,	10. Lord Burleigh.
11. Duke of Lenox.	11. Earl of Southampton.
12. Earl of Marr.	12. Earl of Penbroke.
13. Void.	13. Void.

A Remove of Banners and Plates at the Installation of Vlrick Duke of Holst,* 1.127 the 16. of May an. Iac. R. 3.

Iames R.
1. The Soveraign.	1. The French King.
2. The Prince.	2. Void.
3. Duke of Wirtemberg.	3. Duke of Holst.
4. Earl of Nottingham.	4. Earl of Ormond.
5. Earl of Dorset.	5. Earl of Shrewsbury.

6. Earl of Cumberland.	6. Earl of Northumberland.
7. Earl of Worcester.	7. Lord Sheffeild.
8. Earl of Suffolk.	8. Earl of Devonshire.
9. Sir Henry Lea.	9. Earl of Sussex.
10. Lord Scroope.	10. Earl of Derby.
11. Earl of Exceter.	11. Duke of Lenox.
12. Earl of Southampton.	12. Earl of Marr.
13. Earl of Penbroke.	13. Earl of Northampton.

* 1.128A Remove of Banners and Plates at the Installation of Christierne the Fourth, King of Denmark, the 8. of Sept. an. Iac. Reg. 3.

Iames R.
1. The Soveraign.	1. The French King.
2. The King of Denmark.	2. The Prinoe.
3. Duke of Holst.	3. Duke of Wirtemberg.
4. Earl of Nottingham.	4. Earl of Ormond.
5. Earl of Dorset.	5. Earl of Shrewsbury.
6. Earl of Cumberland.	6. Earl of Northumberland.
7. Earl of Worcester.	7. Lord Sheffeild.
8. Earl of Suffolk.	8. Earl of Devonshire.
9. Sir Henry Lea.	9. Earl of Sussex.
10. Lord Scrope.	10. Earl of Derby.
11. Earl of Exceter.	11. Duke of Lenox.
12. Earl of Southampton.	12. Earl of Marr.
13. Earl of Penbroke.	13. Earl of Northampton.

Here in this last Scheme we see Prince Henry was removed from the second on the Soveraign's, to the second on the Prince's side, to make room for the King of Denmark. And though the Duke of Chevereux An. 3. Car. 1. upon the death of the Duke of Brunswick, was advanced from the third Stall on the So∣veraign's side into the s 1.129 Duke of Brunswick's void Stall, namely the second on the Prince's side: nevertheless, the year following, upon the admittance of Gu∣stavus Adolphus King of Sweden, he was removed t 1.130 two Stalls lower; and at that time the Prince Elector Palatine one.

* 1.131 But let us return from the Removal and Translation of a Knight-Subject, af∣ter he had been installed, to the Assignment of his Stall at the time of Installa∣tion it self, and (in the last place) note, That on the 24. of April an. 6. Eliz. in∣stead of the ancient Law which appointed each Elect-Knight to succeed in the Stall of his Predecessor, and the latter, which permitted a Translation at plea∣sure, a new one was introduced; being framed (as was conceived) upon a more equal ground than the former, and to avoid as much as might be the danger of emulation, which was this, u 1.132 That all Knights who for the future were admitted into the Society of the Order, should take and be installed in the lowest Stall, ac∣cording to the course and seniority of their Election; except only stranger Kings and Princes.

Whereupon it came to pass, that when a Knight-Subject Elect was to be In∣stalled (he taking the lowest Stall) all the Knights-Companions, between him and the vacant Stall, were removed higher, to the end such vacancy might be supplied: or if two or more were to be Installed at one time, they took the lowest Stalls according to the seniority of their Election; the senior Knight-Elect being placed higher than the junior. And albeit this manner and order in Removals is now become a thing of course, and the method easie; yet may it not be done, or the Atchievements, Banners, or Plates removed, unless the So∣veraign Sign a Warrant as formerly, wherein they are orderly ranked, to ju∣stifie Garter for so doing, which will be the more easily understood by the inser∣tion of a Scheme or two.

The order of Stalls as they stood at the Feast of St. George an. 29. Eliz.* 1.133

Elizabeth R.
1. The Soveraign.	1. Void.
2. The French King.	2. The King of Spain.
3. The King of Denmark.	3. Void.
4. Duke Iohn Casimire.	4. Void.
5. The Viscount Mountague.	5. The Earl of Leicester.
6. The Earl of Shrewsbery.	6. The Earl of Warwick.
7. The Lord Hunsdon.	7. Void.
8. Void.	8. The Earl of Worcester.
9. The Earl of Huntingdon.	9. The Lord Burghley.
10. The Lord Grey.	10. The Earl of Derby.
11. The Earl of Penbroke.	11. The Lord Howard of Effingham.
12. Void.	12. The Lord Cobham.
13. The Lord Scrope.	13. Void.

A Translation of Stalls made against the Feast of Installation, an. 30. Eliz.

Elizabeth R.
1. The Soveraign.	1. Void.
2. The French King.	2. The King of Spain.
3. The King of Denmark.	3. Void.
4. Duke Iohn Casimire.	4. Void.
5. The Viscount Mountague.	5. The Earl of Leicester.
6. The Earl of Shrewsbury.	6. The Earl of Warwick.
7. The Lord Hunsdon.	7. The Earl of Worcester
8. The Earl of Huntingdon.	8. The Lord Burleigh.
9. The Lord Grey.	9. The Earl of Derby.
10. The Earl of Penbroke.	10. The Lord Howard of Effingham.
11. The Lord Cobham.	11. The Lord Scroope.
12. The Earl of Essex.	12. The Earl of Ormond.
13. Sir Christopher Hatton.	13. Void.

The first of these Schemes shew how the Stalls were ranked on St. George's Eve, an. 29. Eliz. and the second how altered against the Installation of the Earls of Essex and Ormond, and of Sir Christopher Hatton, the 23. of May an. 30. Eliz. by which those three Elect Knights appear to be Installed in the lowermost Stalls, (as the last mentioned Decree enjoins) and by reason that the Earl of Essex and Sir Christopher Hatton were setled on the Soveraign's side, the vacancy before in the eighth and twelfth Stalls of the same side became filled up; the Earl of Hun∣tingdon (seated before in the ninth Stall) being advanced into the eighth, the Lord Grey into the ninth, and the Earl of Penbroke into the tenth Stall.

So also by the like advance of the Earl of Worcester into the seventh on the Prince's side, the vacancy is therein supplied, and the other Knights-Companions seated below him, by a joint and orderly removal, left the twelfth Stall for the Earl of Ormond, and the thirteenth void for the next Elect Knight.

The like order was observed by King Iames, as appears by another Scheme of the Stalls, setled in Chapter held the w 1.134 3. of Iuly an. 1. Iac. R. at the Election of the Duke of Lenox, the Earls of Southampton, Marr, and Penbroke.

* 1.135Stalls altered at a Chapter held at Windesor, the 3. of Iuly an. 1. Iac. R.

Iames R.
1. The Soveraign.	1. The French King.
2. The Prince.	2. Void.
3. The Earl of Nottingham.	3. Void.
4. The Earl of Ormond.	4. The Lord Buckhurst.
5. The Earl of Salop.	5. The Earl of Cumberland.
6. The Earl of Northumberland.	6. The Earl of Worcester.
7. The Lord Sheffeild.	7. The Lord Howard of Waldon.
8. The Lord Hunsdon.	8. The Lord Montjoy.
9. Sir Henry Lea.	9. The Earl of Sussex.
10. The Lord Cobham.	10. The Lord Scrope.
11. The Earl of Derby.	11. The Lord Burghley.
12. The Duke of Lenox.	12. The Earl of Southampton.
13. The Earl of Marr.	13. The Earl of Penbroke.

From hence it appears that these Elect-Knights were Installed in the lowest Stalls; and so were all other Elect-Knights Subjects throughout his Reign and since, except the Prince of Wales, and Charles Duke of York, Sons to the said Soveraign: for the Prince was Installed in the second Stall on the Soveraign's side; and upon the election of the said Duke of York, a 1.136 an. 9. Iac. R. the second Stall on the Prince's side was first designed for him, and in b 1.137 place answerable thereun∣to, did he proceed to the Chappel, the morrow after St. George's day upon which he was elected. But upon Whitsunday following, at a solemn debate in Chapter, it was determined; c 1.138 That notwithstanding he was the Soveraign's Son, yet should he have no more preheminence than other Knights-Companions, but come in as a Puisne, and that his d 1.139 Atchievements (which it seems had been set up over the e 1.140 second Stall on the Prince's side) should therefore be removed to that Stall next above the Viscount Rochesters (being the eleventh on the same side) and so to be f 1.141 consorted with the Earl of Montgomery (before whom he proceeded on Whitson Monday to the Chapter-house towards his Installation) and it was moreover then Decreed, g 1.142 that all Princes not absolute, should be installed thenceforth in the puisne place.

But after this, endeavours were used to advance the said Duke into the Stall to which he was first appointed, and the Kings of Arms were consulted with in the case, who certified that h 1.143 Richard Duke of York second Son to King Ed∣ward the Fourth, was Installed in the fourth Stall on the Prince's side, and had precedence of the Duke of Suffolk, the Earls of Dowglas and Essex, who were elected long before him: That Henry Duke of York, second Son to King Henry the seventh, was Installed in the third Stall on the Soveraign's side, and had place of the Duke of Buckingham, and the Earls of Oxford and Derby his anci∣ents: and lastly, that Henry Fitz Roy Duke of Richmond, base Son of King Hen∣ry the Eighth, had place and precedence before the Dukes of Norfolk and Suf∣folk and others. Whereupon it was thought fit, that the Soveraign's Children should be as well priviledged in this case, as Stranger Princes; and therefore in another i 1.144 Chapter, held at Whitehall on the 13. of April (being Easter Monday) an. 10. Iac. R. the Order which past the year before for making the Duke a Puisne, was k 1.145 abrogated, and he translated to the second Stall on the Prince's side, and paired with Prince Henry; as may be also seen by the order of the Stalls then setled, and entred in the l 1.146 Blue Book of the Order.

We need not bring hither more instances in proof of the observation of the Chapter Act made an. 6. Eliz. as it hath relation to Knight Subjects, since the same hath been to this time punctually pursued; but in regard Strangers are therein excepted, it will be necessary to note here concerning them, that the

rule and practice continued as established by King Henry the Eighth, viz. That they were Installed in Seats next to the Soveraign, according to their state and dignity.

We shall only add an instance of the manner of placing both Strangers and Knights Subjects at one and the same time: for at the coming of King Charles the First to the Crown, there were of both conditions to be Installed in one day, namely the Duke of Brunswick a Stranger Prince, the Earls of Salisbury and Car∣lisle Knights Subjects, elected by King Iames the m 1.147 31. of December in the 22. year of his Reign; as also the Earls of Dorset and Holland, with Viscount Andover, elected by the said King Charles, the n 1.148 15. of May following, and the Duke of Chevereux elected the o 1.149 4. of Iuly after. And when the Removal of Stalls was considered on for admission of these seven Elect Knights, it was determined, that the Dukes of Brunswick and Chevereux should be installed in the uppermost Stalls among Strangers, as King Henry the Eighth had ordained, but the Knights Subjects in the lowermost Stalls, according to the constant practice, since passing the Decree an. 6. Eliz. as doth appear from the setlement of Stalls then made, and thus Intituled.

A Remove of Banners and Plates at the Feast of St. George,* 1.150 and Installation holden at Windesor the 13.14. and 15. days of December, an 1625. At which time were Installed the Dukes of Brunswick and Chevereux, the Earls of Salisbury, Carlisle, Holland, Dorset, and the Viscount Andover, as followeth.

Charles R.
1. King Charles Soveraign.	1. The King of Denmark.
2. The Prince Palatine.	2. The Duke of Brunswick.
3. The Duke of Chevereux.	3. The Earl of Northumberland.
4. The Earl of Worcester.	4. The Lord Sheffield.
5. The Earl of Suffolk.	5. The Earl of Sussex.
6. The Earl of Derby.	6. The Earl of Marr.
7. The Earl of Penbroke.	7. The Earl of Montgomery.
8. The Earl of Arundel.	8. The Earl of Somerset.
9. The Earl of Kelly.	9. The Visc. Wallingford.
10. The Earl of Rutland.	10. The Duke of Buckingham.
11. The Earl of Leicester.	11. The Earl of Salisbury.
12. The Earl of Carlisle.	12. The Earl of Dorset.
13. The Earl of Holland.	13. The Viscount Andover.

Shortly after the Restauration of the present Soveraign to his Crowns and Kingdoms, when several Knights-Companions, both Strangers and Subjects, were to be Installed, debate was had in Chapter held at Whitehall the 10. of April, an. 13. Car. 2. about placing their Atchievements over their Stalls, whereupon the fol∣lowing Order issued.

Charles R.

WHereas divers Elected Knights and Companions of our most Noble Order of the Garter,* 2.1 are by our special appointment, to be installed in the Chappel of our Castle of Windesor, upon the 15. day of this instant, and that some of them who are Strangers, do not yet, nor are likely to appear either in their own persons or by their sufficient Proxies, at the said Instalment, and so might run hazard to lose the benefit and advantage of their pre-election in point of rank and precedency in respect of some of our Subject Knights, who though since Elected will be first instal∣led, without some expedient taken therein to prevent it. There being no reason (nor is it in our intention) that those Noble Persons should suffer that prejudice for want

of that usual formality, and for which they are not in fault, but others, who accord∣ing to the Statutes and ancient Custom were to give timely, advertisement to the said Foreign elected Knights, and to summon them by themselves or Proxies to assist at the said Instalment: Our will and pleasure is you proceed forthwith to the placing of the Hatchments of all the respective Knights and Companions of our said Order, whether Installed, or Elect, Subject, or Strangers, over the Stalls which we do in manner as followeth assign and appoint them in our foresaid Chappel.

2. The Duke of York.	1. —
1. The Sove∣raign	2. The Elector Palatine.
3. Prince Elector of Brandenburg.	3. Prince of Orange.
4. Prince Rupert.	4. Prince Edward.
5. Earl of Salisbury.	5. Earl of Berkshire.
6. Earl of Northumberland.	6. Duke of Espernon.
7. Duke of Ormond.	7. Duke of Buckingham,
8. Earl of Southampton.	8. Marquess of Newcastle.
9. Earl of Bristol.	9. Prince of Tarente.
10. Count Marshin.	10. Duke of Albemarle.
11. Earl of Sandwich.	11. Earl of Oxford.
12. Duke of Richmond.	12. Earl of Lindsey.
13. Earl of Manchester.	13. Earl of Strafford.

And for so doing this shall be your sufficient Warrant, any Statute or Custom to the contrary notwithstanding.

Given under the Signet of Our said Order at our Court at Whitehall the 10. of April 1661. By the Soveraign's command

Hen. de Vic.

To our trusty and wellbeloved servant Sir Edward Walker Knight, Gar∣ter, and Principal King of Arms of our most Noble Order of the Garter.

So that here we see the Stranger Princes are setled in the upper Stalls, neerest the Soveraign, according to their several dignities and degrees, and all the Knights Subjects (among whom were reckoned the Duke of Espernon, the Prince of Tarente, and Count Marshi••) according to the times of their Elections: this being in confirmation as well of the setlement made by King Henry the Eighth, as of Queen Elizabeth before remembred. And among the Knights Companions in this setlement it is to be noted, that though the Earl of Southampton did not receive his Garter and George, till the Soveraign's happy return into England, and then from his own hands▪ yet was his place and precedence here allowed him according to the time of his Election, in the Isle of Iersey, in Ianuary an. Dom. 1649. some few days before Duke Hamilton, and the Marquess of Newcastl•• were elected.

But the 10. of Ianuary, an. 14. Car. 2. the Soveraign and Knights-Companions, assembled in Chapter, Ordered, q 2.2 That thence forward all Princes Strangers of what condition soever, should have precedence among themselves, according to the senio∣rity of their Elections and Installations; and thereupon the Soveraign's Warrant issued out to Garter under the Signet of the Order, dated the 30. of March fol∣lowing, to authorise him to set up their Atchievements in the Chappel of St. George at Windesor, in the order here exhibited.

Charles R.
r 2.3 1. The Soveraign.	1. Void.
2. Duke of York.	2. Prince Elector Palatine.
3. Prince Rupert.	3. Prince of Orange.
4. Prince Elector of Brandenburg.	4. Prince of Denmark.
5. Earl of Salisbury.	5. Earl of Berkshire.
6. Earl of Northumberland.	6. Duke of Ormond.
7. Duke of Buckingham.	7. Earl of Southampton.
8. Marquess of Newcastle.	8. Earl of Bristoll.
9. Prince of Tarente.	9. Count Marshin.
10. Duke of Albemarle.	10. Earl of Sandwich.
11. Earl of Oxford.	11. Duke of Richmond.
12. Earl of Lindsey.	12. Earl of Manchester.
13. Earl of Strafford.	13. Duke of Monmouth.

Nevertheless the 19. of November, and. Dom. 1669. at a Chapter held at White∣hall, upon due consideration had of the Law made by King Henry the Eighth, for placing of Strangers, as also of Queen Elizabeth for Knights Subjects, and to remove all Orders made in alteration thereof; the Soveraign by the advice and consent of the most Noble Companions present, was pleased to Ordain and Declare,

s 2.4 First, that the Princes of Wales, and such Emperors and Kings, that should be of the Order, should be placed in the neerest Stalls, to that of the So∣veraign, according to their Elections and Installations.

Then, that all other Soveraign Princes, and Princes of the Blood, should be placed in the Stalls, next unto Kings according to their seniority in the Order.

And thirdly, that all other his Majesties Subjects and Strangers, not of the dignity above mentioned, should be installed in the lowest Stalls, according to their antiquity in the Order, and the ancient Practice.

Thus stands the Law for setlement of Stalls at this day. And whereas the Stall commonly called the Prince's Stall, was and had been long void, the Soveraign by the advice of the most Noble Companions (present in Chapter the said 19. of November) was pleased to order, t 2.5 That the present King of Sweden should by his Proxie be placed in that Stall, and his Atchievements hung up thereon according∣ly, in convenient time: All which being done as this Order directed, the Stalls at the Feast of St. George celebrated, an. 23. Car. 2. were ordered in the following manner.

1. The Soveraign.	1. The King of Sweden.
2. King of Denmark.	2. Duke of York.
3. Prince Elector Palatine.	3. Prince Rupert.
4. Prince of Orange.	4. Prince Elector of Brandenburgh.
5. Prince Elector of Saxony,	5. Duke of Ormond.
6. Duke of Buckingham.	6. Duke of Newcastle.
7. Earl of Bristol.	7. Prince of Tarente.
8. Count Marshin.	8. Earl of Sandwich.
9. Earl of Oxford.	9. Duke of Richmond.
10. Earl of Strafford.	10. Duke of Monmouth.
11. Duke of Albemarle.	11. Void.
12. Void.	12. Void.
13. Void.	13. Void.

SECT. VII. Preparations made by the Knight Elect.

HAving in the preceding Section laid down the ancient Law of succession in∣to void Stalls, and of Translation from one Stall to another; with several instances, both while such removals were at the Soveraign's pleasure, and after, when they became confin'd to the regular course now observed; and having al∣so discourt concerning those things which are to be prepared for the Installa∣tion of a Knight Subject on the Soveraign's part, and for which his Warrants and Letters issue forth, as is before shewed at large: we come now to consider, what is further to be prepared for the Knight Elect, at his own charge, against the day of this great Solemnity, and they are chiefly these which follow.

• 1. A Mantle or upper Robe, with its appurtenances.
• 2. A Collar of the Garter, and Great George.
• 3. A Cap of black Velvet adorn'd with Plumes.
• 4. An Helm, Crest, Mantlings, and Sword.
• 5. A Banner of his Arms.
• 6. A Plate of his Arms and Stile.
• 7. A Cushen, to carry his Robes and Collar upon.
• 8. Lodging Scutcheons.

i 2.6We do not find that the Mantle of the Order was anciently bestowed by the Soveraign upon Knights Subjects, as was the Kirtle or Surcoat; nor indeed of late (unless now and then as a peculiar favour) for seeing the a 2.7 Injunction for returning the Mantle upon the death of a Knight-Companion, is restrained to such only on whom the Soveraign should vouchsafe to bestow them, it is thence evident, that the Soveraign is not obliged to give the Mantle at all, nor to all, but only where himself pleaseth. But it appears that the Soveraign always be∣stowed the Mantle (together with the rest of the Habit) upon Strangers, after he had Elected any of them into the Society of the Order. And when the whole Habit was sent over by Garter to the King of Portugal an. 13. H. 6. the b 2.8 Mantle, Surcoat, and Hood were accompted for together in the Accompts of the Great Wardrobe; and the like hath been done in all such cases since.

Howbeit of late times the Soveraign, as an especial mark of favour, hath been pleased now and then to give a Knight-Subject the Mantle also: as did King Iames to c 2.9 Iames Marquess Hamilton, an. 21. Iac. R. and King Charles the First to d 2.10 Theophilus Earl of Suffolk an. 4. Car. 1. to e 2.11 William Earl of Northampton, an.] 5. Car. 1. and an. 14. Car. 1. Sir Iames Palmer by this Soveraign's direction g 2.12 paid for the Velvet and Taffety of the Earl of Kelly's Mantle and Surcoat to Sir Peter Richaut, and put it upon the Accompt of h 2.13 extraordinary charges of the Order.

Besides which the present Soveraign, as a mark of like favour, caused 17 Mantles (with the usual Liveries of Surcoat and Hood) to be provided against the Grand Feast of St. George, an. 13. Car. 2. which were bestowed not only among the new Elect Knights, but the three senior Knights-Companions also namely, the Earls of Salisbury, Berkshire, and Northumberland; for which see the Warrant in the i 2.14 Appendix.

But the Elect Knight being otherwise to provide the Mantle at his own charge, directions may be had in the k 2.15 Chapter of the Habit and Ensigns of the Order, as to all the materials for making thereof.

The Collar of the Order with the Great George is to be provided by the Elect Knight, unless where the Soveraign is pleased to bestow the Mantle; and in such case he also bestows the Collar, and then a like Warrant issues to the Master of the Iewel-house, as did for providing the 17. Collars l 2.16 an. 13. Car. 2.

The Black Velvet Cap,* 2.17 mentioned and described n 2.18 before, and therefore needless to speak of it here; is also to be provided at the charge of the Knight Elect.

Likewise the Helm,* 2.19 and Crest, with Mantlings thereunto belonging, also a Sword and Girdle (usually called within the verge of this Order, the Atchieve∣ments of a Knight-Companion) are to be got in readiness, by the care and dire∣ction of Garter, but at the Elect Knights cost; all which are to be set over his Stall, assoon as his Installation Fees are paid.

This honor, that every Knight-Companion should have his Helme, Crest, and Sword, hung up over his Stall in the Chappel of St. George at Windesor is parti∣cularly provided for, in all the several Bodies of Statutes; and are ordained to remain there during the lives of the possessors, o 2.20 in memory (or as a p 2.21 Token or Mark of Honor) of him that bears them, and a testimony of the defence of the Church, as the Oaths of Military Orders require.

The Helms, used for this purpose and upon this occasion, are made of Steel large and fair, and of a more than ordinary proportion: they are likewise (for the most part) of two sorts, the one appointed for Soveraign Princes, and framed q 2.22 open, with large Bailes or Bars; the other for Knights Subjects, whose Vizors are made r 2.23 close. About King Henry the Eighth's Reign the Knights Subjects Helms were parcel gilt with fine Gold in Oyle, wrought with Rabeskys and other works, and burnished with fine Gold. But in Queen Elizabeth's Reign, and since, it hath been the Custom to gild their Helms all over, placing St. George's Arms in the middle before the Vizors.

The Mantlings that hang down on either side the Helm, which, with the Wreath, are in some places called s 2.24 Appendixes, are all of Tissue or Cloth of Gold, and heretofore lined with t 2.25 Sarcenet; but in Queen Mary's Reign they began to make use of u 2.26 White Satin, for of such were the Linings to the Mant∣lings of w 2.27 Anthony Brown Viscount Montague, and x 2.28 William Howard Lord Admiral.

At the bottom of these Mantlings hang a pair of gilt knobs, burnished with Gold, from which issue Tassels of either Gold or Silver (according as is the me∣tal in the Knights Coat Armour) mixed with Silk of the chief Colour in his Arms.

Upon the Helm and Mantlings is placed a Wreath of corded Silks, of the Knights colours, which was heretofore made of Sarcenet, but now of Taffaty.

The Crest of the Knight is placed either upon these Wreaths, or issuant out of a Crown, or ducal Cap; turned up with Ermyn, and of what kind soever the Crest is, the same is neatly carved in wood, and either gilt or wrought in its proper colours in Oyl.

Directly before the Helm, an arming Sword hangs down, the Pomel, Cross, and Chape are gilt; the Scabberd is made of the same Tissue or Cloth of Gold, as are the Mantlings, and so is the Girdle thereunto belonging; but the Buckles and Pendants are of Copper gilt.

It appears a little before, that the custom of setting up the Helm, Crest, and Sword, over the Knights Stall is as ancient as the Institution of the Order; but when their Banners were first hung up, is not so clearly manifest; for neither do the Statutes of Institution, or King Henry the Fifth's Statutes take notice of them.

The first mention of them that we find is in the Black Book of the Order, an. 2. H. 6. where the a 2.29 Banner of the King of Portugal, is particularly named among the Atchievements then set up over his Stall, but Henry the Eighth's body of Statutes makes particular c 2.30 mention of them.

The fashion of the Soveraign's and all the Knight-Companions Banners are square; but it doth no where appear to us, of what size their Banners anciently were; yet in Queen Elizabeth's Reign, we find them d 2.31 two yards and a quarter long, and a yard and three quarters broad, beside the Fringe (which is made of Gold or Silver and Silk, of the colours in the Wreath) and thereon are wrought or beaten upon Taffaty-Sarcenet, double-Sarcenet, or rich Taffaty, with fine Gold and Colours, on both sides, the paternal Coat of the Knights Companion,

together with his Quarterings, or so many of them as he please to make use of, wherein Garter is to take care that they be warrantably marshalled.

And because a a 2.32 single Coat was conceived not to stand fair enough in a Ban∣ner of this proportion, therefore the Soveraign hath been pleased (where a Knight-Companion wanted Quarterings) to grant a new Coat to bear in Quarter with his paternal Coat; as did King Iames to b 2.33 Robert Carr Viscount Rochester, afterwards Earl of Somerset; to whose paternal Coat (8. Iun. an. 9. Iac. R.) he first added a c 2.34 Lyon passant gardant Or, in the dexter part, as an especial gift of favour, and then a new invented Coat to be born in quarter therewith, viz. d 2.35 Quarterly Or and Gules, a Lyon Rampant sable over all. He also granted to Sir Thomas Erskin (afterwards created Earl of Kelly) a Coat of Arms to be quar∣tered with his paternal Coat, viz. e 2.36 Argent, a pale Sable.

These Banners of Arms are fixed to the end of long Staves, painted in Oyl, formerly with the Colours of the Wreath, but now Red: Their ends are put into Sockets of Iron, well fixed in the Wall, directly over the Knights-Compa∣nions Helms and Crests; and commonly lined with thick Fustian, to preserve them.

* 2.37Besides these, there is also to be provided a Copper-plate gilt, whereon a Scutcheon of the Knight-Elect's Arms, and Quarterings within a Garter, are en∣graved and enamelled in Colours, with his Helm, Crest, and Supporters, and underneath his Style and Titles of honor: which Plate, Garter usually takes care to provide, and is to be fixed on the back of the Knight-Elect's Stall assign∣ed for his Installation.

* 2.38Moreover a Velvet Cushen is to be also provided, whereon to carry the Knight-Elect's Mantle, Collar, Hood, and Book of Statutes before him, in the proceeding to the Choire at his Installation. Concerning the materials and garnishings of some of these Cushens, we find this account of those used at the Installation of the Lord Treasurer Weston, the Earls of Exceter and Lindsey, Installed an. 6. Car. 1. that each of them contained one yard and a half of Crimson Velvet, one Ell of rich Taffaty for their lining, and 4 yards of Fringe, and 4 great Tassels.

* 2.39Lastly, there hath been commonly provided a convenient number of Lodging Scutcheons, of the Elect-Knight's Arms, invironed with a Garter, with his Stile and Titles underneath; and these Garter also gets in readiness, for it hath been an ancient custom, to distribute at the Inns in the Knight's passage, to and at Windesor, these Scutcheons, to be set up in the principal Rooms of those Houses, as a memorial of the honor of the Knights Installation.

Such of the foresaid particulars as are committed to the care of Garter to prepare and make ready, the charges thereof have been sometimes cast up, and the Accompt stated and paid off beforehand; by which means he was the better enabled to furnish out the same, for so did the f 2.40 Earls of Shrews∣bury and Cumberland, an. 34. Eliz. And in Garter's Bill there is to be inserted the price of a Trunk, the charge for Carriage of those things he provides for the Knight-Elect to Windesor, and for their setting up.

Lastly, besides all these things before mentioned, to be prepared and pro∣vided either by the Chancellor of the Order, or Garter; there are other to be taken care for, by the Knight-Elect, relating more particularly both to him∣self and his retinue; as his own Apparel, the number of his Attendants and Ser∣vants, with their Clothes and Liveries, his Coach and Sadle Horses, both for himself and them; with divers other things necessary for setting forth his Caval∣cade and Proceeding, to and at Windesor; all which have usually been the rich∣est and best that could be made or gotten, that so the show might be furnished out, with all possible splendor and gallantry.

Together with these, the Provisions for Dyet at Windesor (if the Feast be kept at the Elect-Knight's charge and expence) is to be considered of, and to that end for the most part some one of the Clerks of the Soveraign's Kitchin is to be consulted, who commonly undertakes the management of that Affair.

To conclude this Chapter, the Hall or Room where the grand Dinner is to be kept, the Chapter-house and Chappel, ought chiefly to be set forth and adorned with rich and sumptuous Furniture, against this solemnity, over and beside what is of ordinary and necessary use.

The Hall or Dining room, to be furnished with rich hangings▪ and if the Soveraign or his Lieutenant hold the Feast, then▪ must there be a k 2.41 Cloth of State set up at the upper end of it: but not if the Installation be performed by Com∣missioners.

The Chapter-house is then also to be hung, a rich Carpet spread upon the Ta∣ble, and set about with Velvet Chairs and Cushens; and because in the late times of plundering, this place had suffered its share, and nothing found there upon the present Soveraign's happy return, that was worth taking away; his said Majesty in a Chapter held the 14. of Ianuary an. 12. Car. 2 am••ng other preparations relating to the Order, caused directions to be given to the M••ster of the Wardrobe, to provide Velvet for Chairs to furnish the Chapter-house, and Cushens to be used in the Choire of St. George's Chappel, which accordingly were made ready for the service of the following Fe••st.

Against the Installation of Philip King of C••stile and ••••n. a••. 22. ••. ••. T••e m 2.42 Table in the Chapter-house was covered with cloth of Gold, and the Forms with Baudkin; before the Soveraign was laid a Cushen of Cloth of Gold, whereon a Crucifix lay, and the n 2.43 Evangelists turn'd open to the place of the Canon, with several Tapers burning on either side. At the upper end of the Table towards the right hand was set a Chair for the Soveraign▪ under a golden C••nopy▪ with Cushens of Cloth of Gold, and on the left hand a Stool with like garnishing, for the King of Castile.

In St. Georges Chappel, the high Altar is to be richly adorned with Plate, the Soveraign's Stall with a Canopy, and other usu••l ornaments, and lastly▪ the Stalls of the Knights-Companions present at this Ceremony with Velvet Cushens.

As to the furnishing of other places in the Castle of Windesor, on such a so∣lemn occasion, we will in the last place borrow an account from the Relator of the Ceremony of Installation of the aforesaid King of Castile and Leon, whose words are these.

To writt of the gret rich cobbord,* 2.44 which continually stode in the gret ball, which was all guilt Place; or of the gret and rich beds of estate▪ hangyngs of rich Cloth of Gold, or of the rich and sumptuous clothes of Arras, with divers Clothes of estate, both in the Kings Logging, and in the King of Castil's Loggings, so many Chambers, Haulle, Chappell, Closetts, Galleries with odir Loggings, so richly and berely well appointed, with dibers odir things, that I suffice nor cannot discern, and as I suppose▪ few or none that there were, that ever saw Castell or odir Logging, in all things so well and richly appointed, and the great continual fare, open household, so many noble men soo well appareilled, and with soo short warnyng, heretofore as I thinke hath not been seen.

Notes

• a 1.1

  E. 3. Stat. Art. 19.
• b 1.2

  E. 3. Stat. Art. 19.
• c 1.3

  H. 5. Stat. Art. 19. H. 8. Stat. Art. 20.
• h 1.4

  E. 3. Stat. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 19. H. 5. Stat. Art. 19. H. •• Stat. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 20.
• i 1.5

  Ibid.
• k 1.6

  Ibid.
• l 1.7

  Lib. R. fol. 14 & 15.
• m 1.8

  Ibid.
• n 1.9

  MS. fol. penes. G. O. Y. p. 203.
• a 1.10

  Lib. C. p. 20.
• b 1.11

  Lib. C. p. 20.
• c 1.12

  Ib. p. 21.
• d 1.13

  Ib. p. 21.
• e 1.14

  Ib. p. 21.
• o 1.15

  Lib. C. p. 54.
• p 1.16

  Ibid.
• * 1.17

  p. 15.
• r 1.18

  Chap. 12. Sect. 6.
• s 1.19

  Art. 25. vide eliam H. 5. Stat. Art. 25.
• t 1.20

  Appendix Num. XXIV.
• u 1.21

  Num. XXV.
• w 1.22

  H. 8. Stat. Art. 28.
• x 1.23

  Appendix Num. XXVI.
• y 1.24

  Num. XXVII & XXVIII.
• z 1.25

  Lib. N. Pa••. 306.
• * 1.26

  Lib. N. Pa••. 306.
• | 1.27

  Appendix Num. XXIX. Commission made to the Earl of Hunting∣don,
• * 1.28

  Num. XXX.
• | 1.29

  Numb. XXVIII.
• a 1.30

  Numb. XXXI.
• d 1.31

  Cap. ••.
• a 1.32

  Num XXXII
• b 1.33

  Num XXIII.
• c 1.34

  Lib. N. p. 291.
• d 1.35

  Ex vet. Cod. MS. in Offic. mag. Gard. Regin pag. 72.81.126.127.148. &c. Videfis lib. Warr. dormant in eod. Offic. pag. 57.60.68.94. &c. Et lib. tertium Warr. particul. pag. 126.171.231.110.298.
• e 1.36

  Ex vet. Cod. MS. in Offic. mag. Gard. Regin pag. 72.81.126.127.148. &c. Videfis lib. Warr. dormant in eod. Offic. pag. 57.60.68.94. &c. Et lib. tertium Warr. particul. pag. 126.171.231.110.298.
• g 1.37

  Ex Autogr. pene W. Le N. Cl.
• h 1.38

  Ex Autogr. pene W. Le N. Cl.
• g 1.39

  Ex Collect. R. Cook modo Clarenc. pag. 8.
• h 1.40

  Ex Collect. R. Cook modo Clarenc. pag. 8.
• * 1.41

  1. The Elect Knight to succeed in∣to the Stall of his immediate Predecessor.
• i 1.42

  E. 3. Stat. Art. 21. vide etiam H. 5. Stat. Art. 21. H. 8. Stat. A••••. 22.
• k 1.43

  E. 3. Stat. Art. 21.
• * 1.44

  Heylin's Hist. of St. George, Part. 3. c. 4. sect. 1.
• o 1.45

  E. 3. Stat. Art. 21.
• q 1.46

  Lib. N. pag. 18. & 64.
• r 1.47

  Lib. N. pag. 18. & 64.
• s 1.48

  Ibid. p. 91.
• t 1.49

  Ib. p. 114.
• u 1.50

  Ib. p. 149.
• w 1.51

  Ib. p. 145. sub finem.
• x 1.52

  Ib. p. 105.
• a 1.53

  Ibid p. 105.
• b 1.54

  MS. penes Syl. Tayl••r. fol. 160.
• c 1.55

  Lib. N. p. 145.
• h 1.56

  Lib. N. p. ••7.
• i 1.57

  Ibid. p. 84.
• k 1.58

  E. 3. Stat. Art. 21. H. 5. Stat. Art. 21. H. 8. Stat. Art. 22.
• n 1.59

  Rot. Parl. an 1. H. 4. n. 72.
• o 1.60

  Lib. N. p. 94.
• p 1.61

  Ibid pag. 95.101.104.108.109.112.113.114.
• q 1.62

  Ib. p. 117.
• r 1.63

  Ib. p. 119.
• s 1.64

  An. 32. H. 8. Lib. N. p. 281.
• t 1.65

  Ex. Collect. A. V. W.
• u 1.66

  Ex. Collect. A. V. W.
• x 1.67

  Ex. Collect. praef. R. Cooke, 1••. fol. 17.
• y 1.68

  MS. penes Edw. Fau∣conbridge.
• z 1.69

  MS. penes Edw. Fau∣conbridge.
• a 1.70

  MS. penes Edw. Fau∣conbridge.
• b 1.71

  MS. penes Edw. Fau∣conbridge.
• * 1.72

  2. Removal upon extra∣ordinary Oc∣casion, by Order of Chap∣ter.
• c 1.73

  See the second Table in the Appendix.
• d 1.74

  Lib. N. p. 121.
• * 1.75

  3. Translation at pleasure by the Soveraigns Warrant.
• e 1.76

  Art. 22.
• f 1.77

  Art. 23.
• * 1.78

  Ex Collect. Tho. Wrothes•••••• pen. G. O. Y. f. 1. b.
• * 1.79

  Ibid.
• h 1.80

  Lib. N. p. 252.
• * 1.81

  Ex Collect. prefat. Tho. Wrothersley, fol. 12. vide etiam MS. in Offic. Arm. [M. 17.] fol. 31.
• i 1.82

  Ex Collect W. le N. Cl.
• k 1.83

  Lib. N. p. 215.
• m 1.84

  MS. in Offic••. Arm [M. 17.] sol. 33. b.
• n 1.85

  Ex C••llect. Tho. Wrothe∣sley Garter, pe∣nes G. O. Y. f. 6. b.
• o 1.86

  Lib. N. p. 267.
• q 1.87

  Ibid.
• p 1.88

  Lib. C. pag. 28.
• q 1.89

  Lib. C. pag. 28.
• r 1.90

  Lib. C. p. 48.
• * 1.91

  MS. pen. W. D. N. fol. 14.
• * 1.92

  Idem fol. 17.
• s 1.93

  Art. 23.
• t 1.94

  Art. 22:
• u 1.95

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• w 1.96

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• x 1.97

  MS. in Offic. Arm. [M. 17.] f. 31.
• y 1.98

  Ex ipso Autogr.
• z 1.99

  Ex ipso Autogr.
• a 1.100

  Collect. A. V. W.
• b 1.101

  Ex Collect. praef R. Co••k f. 12.
• c 1.102

  Ex praef. Collect. Tho. Wriothesl••y.
• d 1.103

  MS. penes W D. N. f. 19.
• e 1.104

  Ex ipso Autogr.
• f 1.105

  Collect praef. R. Cook f. 6.
• g 1.106

  Ex ips•• Au∣togr.
• h 1.107

  MS. penes G. O. Y f 115.
• i 1.108

  Collect. A. V. W.
• k 1.109

  Lib. C p 28.
• l 1.110

  Ib. p. 37.
• m 1.111

  Collect. A. V. W.
• n 1.112

  MS. penes Ed Fauc••n∣bridge ge••.
• o 1.113

  Lib. C. p. 37.
• p 1.114

  C••llect. W. le N Cl.
• q 1.115

  Collect. W. le N Cl.
• r 1.116

  Collect. W. le N Cl.
• s 1.117

  MS. penes W. D. N. f. 17.
• t 1.118

  MS. penes W. D. N. f. 17.
• m 1.119

  MS. fol. 24. b.
• n 1.120

  MS. fol. 24. b.
• o 1.121

  Collect. praef. Rob. Cooke, p. 15.
• p 1.122

  Ib. p. 16.
• q 1.123

  Ib. p. 17.
• r 1.124

  Ib. p. 17.
• * 1.125

  Ex Collect. praef. R. Cooke f. 15.
• * 1.126

  Ibid.
• * 1.127

  Ibid. Fol. 16.
• * 1.128

  Ib. Fol. 17.
• s 1.129

  MS. penes Edw. Fau∣conbridge gen.
• t 1.130

  MS. penes Edw. Fau∣conbridge gen.
• * 1.131

  4. The ancient Law of suc∣ceeding in Stalls altered.
• u 1.132

  Lib. C. p. 49.
• * 1.133

  Ex Collect. ••. V. W▪
• w 1.134

  Lib. C. p. 1••0.
• * 1.135

  Ex Collect. Io∣bannis Vincent Gen.
• a 1.136

  MS. fol. penes E. W. G. f. 149. a
• b 1.137

  Ibid. f. 149. b.
• c 1.138

  Ibid. f. 149. b.
• d 1.139

  Ibid. f. 149. b.
• e 1.140

  Ibid. f. 149. b.
• f 1.141

  Ibid. f. 149. b.
• g 1.142

  Ibid. f. 149. b.
• h 1.143

  Ex. ipso Au∣togr.
• i 1.144

  MS. penes Edw. Fau∣conbridge, gen.
• k 1.145

  MS. penes Edw. Fau∣conbridge, gen.
• l 1.146

  Pag. 174.
• m 1.147

  Lib. C. p. 23.
• n 1.148

  Ibid. p. 26.
• o 1.149

  Ibid. p. 26.
• * 1.150

  Ex ipso An∣togy.
• * 2.1

  Ex Collect. E. W. G.
• q 2.2

  Lib. Caro∣lin. p. 43.
• r 2.3

  Lib. Caro••in. p. 43.
• s 2.4

  Ibid. p. 7••.
• t 2.5

  Ib. p. 73.
• i 2.6

  Mantle
• a 2.7

  Lib. R. p. 43. & 120.
• b 2.8

  Ex lib. vocat Cotom. in Offic. mag. Gardrob. fol. 92.
• c 2.9

  Lib. Warr. in Offic. praed. à fe∣sto S. Mich. 1623. ad an. 1624.
• d 2.10

  Warr. curr. in eod. Offic. de an. 1628.
• e 2.11

  Lib. Warr. de an 1629.
• g 2.12

  Ex Autogr. penes praef. Iac. Palmer.
• h 2.13

  Ex Autogr. penes praef. Iac. Palmer.
• i 2.14

  Numb. XXXIV.
• k 2.15

  Sect. 2.
• l 2.16

  Appendix Num. XXXV.
• * 2.17

  3. Cap:
• n 2.18

  ••hap. 7. Sect. 4.
• * 2.19

  4. Helm, Crest, &c.
• o 2.20

  E. 3. Stat. Art. 9.
• p 2.21

  ••hd. Stat. in B••l. Hatt••n Art. 9.
• q 2.22

  Collect W. le N. Cl.
• r 2.23

  Collect W. le N. Cl.
• s 2.24

  Lib. N. p. 67.70. videsis Stat. in Pabl. Ha•• •• Art. 7. & ••. 8. Stat. Art. 8.
• t 2.25

  Coll••ct. W. le N. ••••.
• u 2.26

  Collect. W. le N. ••••.
• w 2.27

  Collect Io. Vincent.
• x 2.28

  Collect Io. Vincent.
• a 2.29

  Lib. N. p. 7••.
• c 2.30

  Art. 8.
• d 2.31

  Collect. W. le N. Cl. videsis MS. 4. penes E. W. G.
• a 2.32

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• b 2.33

  Collect. W. le N. Cl.
• c 2.34

  Ex. Collect. I. V. gen.
• d 2.35

  Ex. Collect. I. V. gen.
• e 2.36

  Ibid.
• * 2.37

  6. Plates of Arms.
• * 2.38

  7. Cushen.
• * 2.39

  8. Lodging Scutcheons.
• f 2.40

  MS. fol. penes G.O.Y. p. 203.
• k 2.41

  Colle••t W. le N. Cl.
• m 2.42

  Ex 〈◊〉〈◊〉 MS. penes W •• N. ••l. vide Lib. N. p 183.
• n 2.43

  Ex 〈◊〉〈◊〉 MS. penes W •• N. ••l. vide Lib. N. p 183.
• * 2.44

  Ibid.