Tabula

¶Here at Crystis Natyuyte begynneth the sixte aege durynge to the fynall Iu∣gement / hauynge yeres as god knoweth (Book 6)

[illustration]

Cristus na∣tus est.

¶Here begynneth the sixte aege durynge to the ende of the worlde.

THat daye our lorde Ihesu Cryste was borne / a welle of oyle beyon¦de Tybre by Rome sprange & ranne al daye. The golden ymage fell the which Romulus had made / & put it in his pa∣lays sayenge. This ymage shal not fay¦le vnto a mayde bere a childe. ¶Whan Herode disposid hym to slee the children of Israel / he was cōmaūded by the letter of themperour to come to Rome to an∣swere to the accusacyon of his childern Alexiū. & Aristoboli. And ther were thre Herodes gretly spoken of for ther yll de¦des. The fyrst was called Ascolonita / & vnder this man was borne Cryst / & the childern of Israel were slayne. The se∣conde was called Antipas sone to y^e fyr¦ste Herode / vnder whom Iohn Baptyst heeded / & Cryst suffred deth. And y^e thyr¦de was called Agrippa sone to Aristobo¦li / sone to the fyrste Herode / the whiche slewe Iames & prysoned Peter. The fyr¦ste Herode whan he sawe his sones A∣lexiū & Aristoboli thrugh the pretens of his letter by the Emperour sende / stryue for y^e successyon of his kyngdom / he di∣sposid & made Antipater that was his fyrste begoten sone to be before them / & whan they were talkynge of the deth of ther fad{er} he cast them awaye / & they wen¦te to themperour to cōplayne of y^E wron¦ge of ther fad{er}. And in y^e meane tyme the thre kynges of Coleyne came by Herode vnto Ierusalem / & whan they came not ayen by hȳ / he thought y^t they were asha¦med for to come ayen by hym for bycau¦se y^t they were disceyued / & y^t they foūde not the childe as he demed / therfore in the meane season he cessed to slee y^e chil∣dern of Israell / & so wente vnto Rome for the cytacion of themperour. And he toke his waye by y^e cyte of Tarsū / whe¦re he brente the shyppes in y^e whiche the thre kyng{is} of Coleyne sholde haue sayl¦led in to ther owne coūtree. Then after a yere & certen dayes / this Herode came from Rome ayen / accorded w^t his sones

And for the confyrmacōn of his kyng∣dome he was made moche bolder / and then he slewe all the childern of Beth∣leem y^t were of two yere of aege & vnder that had space of one nyght of aege / & amonge these was there one of his ow∣ne childern. And Aristoboli & Alexiū we¦re had in suspeccion / in so moche as they promysed a barbour a grete rewarde y^t he sholde take & kytte ther faders thro∣te whan that he dyde hym shaue. And whan this Herode herde this he was gre¦ued & there he slewe both his sones. And Herode Agrippa his sone he ordeyned to be kyng. Wherfore Antipater his oldest sone was about to poyson his fader / the whiche Herode Agrippa vnderstode / & prysoned there his brother / that whiche the Emperour herde & sayd that he had leuer be an hogge of Herodes / than for to be one of his sones / for his hogges he spareth / and his sones he sleeth. ¶And whan that Herode was .lxx. yere of aege he was stryken with a grete syknesse in his hondes & in his feet & in his mem∣bres / that no leche myght come to hym for stenche / & so he deyed. ¶So Antipa∣ter his sone in pryson herde telle of this and Ioyed gretely / and there fore that cause he was slayne. Thenne stroue Ar¦chelaus & Herodes for the successyon of the fyrst Herode. The Emperour there thrugh counseyll of the Senatours / the half of the Iury & Idumea gaaf to Ar∣chelaus vnder name of Tetrarche. And the other parte he deuyded in two. Ga∣lylee he gaaf to Herode Antippa. And Ituriam and Traconidem he gaaf to Philyppe Herodes brother. ¶And that same yere Cryste came from Egypte / And Archelaus was accused many ty∣mes of the Iewes / and was exyled in to Vyennam in to Fraūce. And in that pla¦ce were sette foure Tetrarchees / to the repreuynge of the vnstablynesse of the Ie¦wes. ¶And that same yere Octauyan the Emperour deyed.

¶Anno Xpristi .x.

[illustration]

.I.N.R.I. ¶Crux Xpisti.

IHesus Cryste at .xij. yere of aege herde the doctours in the Temple ¶Our lorde Ihesu Cryst at .xxx. yere of aege was baptysed. ¶Ihesu Cryste the lorde of all thynges at .xxx. yere of aege & .iij. monethes deyed for his seruaūtes. ¶Annin{us} Rufus was bysshop in y^e Iury about this tyme. ¶Valeri{us} Grace{us} was after hym .xi. yere. This man openly solde the bysshopryche / & he that moost yaaf had it. And there was moneye in a lytell whyle. ¶Poncius Pylatus was Iuge & Proctour in the Iury vnder the Emperour. And vnder this man Iohn Baptyst began for to preche. And our lorde suffred deth the whiche was damp¦ned to dethe vnryghtwysly for drede of themperour. ¶Tyrus a certen kyng ga¦te a childe on Pyla a poore manes dou∣ghter / the whiche man hyght Atus / and this childe of his moders name & his bel¦syre put togyders was called Pylatus / This Pylatus y^e fourth yere of his aege was sente to his fader. The whiche kyn¦ge of his lefull wyf had goten a childe euen of the aege with Pylate & by cau∣se this lefull goten childe as they proce∣ded in aege exceded this bastarde Pyla∣tus he was full of euuye / & slewe his bro¦ther the lefull goten childe. Wherfore

forth with his fader sente hym to Rome for pledge for his trybute y^t he payed to Rome / entendynge he wolde neuer rede∣me hym. In the whiche tyme the kyng{is} sone of Fraūce was pledge for his trybu¦te / the whiche exceded hym in strengthe & chyualry also he slewe hym. Therfor the Romayns sente Pylate as a profyta¦ble man for the comyn wele to the yle of Ponto to tame y^e cursyd people / the whi¦che slewe euery Iuge that came to them And he y^t cursyd man gouerned y^t vnhap¦py people / what with thretynge & with promyse / and with lawe / & with yeftes y^t none of them durste contrary do to his pleasure / wherfore he was called Pylate of Ponto. ¶Herode Antipa yonge in his conuersacyons / with yeftes & messa∣ges drewe hym to hym & made hȳ pryn¦ce of the Iury vnder hym. And this ty∣me Pylate gadred moche moneye / & He rode not knowynge / he wente to Rome that he myght receyue of the Emperour that Herode had gyuen hym. Wherfore Herode & Pylate were enmyes togyder / vnto the passyon of our lorde / whan y^t Pylate sende Ihesus vnto Herode clo∣thed in a whyte clothe / thenne they were made frendes. ¶Ouidius Naso in Pon¦to about this tyme deyed the fourth ye∣re of his exyle. ¶Tyberius this tyme was Emperour at Rome / & he regned xxiij. yere / & he lyued in the yere that our lorde Ihesu Cryst deyed / & somwhat af¦ter. This man was in all his werkes gretely auysed y^t there sholde be no thyn¦ge sodenly done / wyse in warres / study∣ous in bokes / fayre of speche / fresshe in wytte / saue he wolde of tymes feyne hȳ∣self to do thynges y^t he wolde neuer do of other. This Emperour vnderstode and trusted in Cryste / & worshyped hym for god. Some men saye at the last he was cruell ayenst people / but it was a grete reason of pyte / that he was euer gracy∣ous to his subgettes & poore men. And he had peas all his dayes / & all the peo∣ple that sayd ayenst crysten folke with oute ony mercy he destroyed / & he exyled Pylate for euer. Thenne he decessed & a worse succeded hym. ¶After Euseby it is wryten / our lorde at .xxx. yere of his aege chose his .xij. apostles / the whiche made our Crede / y^t is our byleue. And they made it after the Resurreccyon of Cryst / & after the holy ghost was sende vnto them. Whan they had chose Ma∣thia the apostle / & eche of them made a part as it is shewed hereafter. And this Mathia was chose bytwene the daye of the Ascencyon & Wytsondaye in the pla¦ce of Iudas Scaryot the traytour / of the whiche Iudas in a history is redde thus. ¶There was a certen man in Ierusalē that hyght Ruben / & after saynt Ierom he was of the trybe of Ysachar. And his wyf hyght Cyborea / the whiche on a cer¦ten nyght whan he wolde lustely knowe his wyf / she dremed y^t she sholde here a childe of myscheyf / & y^e childe sholde be a traytour to his kynge & to all the peo¦ple of y^t regyon / & whan y^• childe was bor¦ne & called Iudas / his fader & his mod{er} abhorred as well to slee ther childe / as to nourysshe a traytour to the kynge & all his people / thefore they put hym in to a panyer / or a lepe in to y^e see / & he flowed to the yle of Scaryoth / where y^e lady of y^t place had no childe by her husbonde / & she feyned her to be wich childe / but she fayled. And after in a lytell season the same lady & quene conceyued a chil∣de of her husbonde / & whan y^t he was of aege. Iudas many tymes angred hym & caused hym to wepe / the whiche the que∣ne sawe / & bete Iudas many tymes / & after she knowledged y^t Iudas was not the kynges sone ne hers / wherfore Iu∣das slewe the kynges sone / & he dradde the payne of the lawe / & fledde w^t certen exiles to Ierusalem. And whan he came there / he gate hym in to Pylates courte that was Iuge. And by cause y^t oo cursyd man draweth to an other / therfore he

drewe to Pylate & stode gretly in his fa∣uour. And vpon a certen daye whan Py¦late loked out of his palays in to an or∣charde of a mānes y^t was called Ruben y^t was very fader to Iudas. Pylate desy∣red to haue apples / & Iudas went to ga¦dre apples / & Ruben ranne to Iudas for to lette hȳ bycause he toke his apples w^t out ony leue. And whan they had chydde this Iudas smote his fad{er} on the heed w^t a stone & slewe hȳ / & Iudas fled awaye secretly after y^t dede / but it was sayd y^t Ruben dyed sodenly. Then Pylate gat to Iudas all the goodes y^t Ruben had & Ciborea Rubens wyf / y^t was moder to Iudas. And he dealed not curtesly with her as a man sholde w^t his wyf / & for y^t she wepte & wayled / for she had put her sone to y^e see / & y^t she was maryed ayenst her wyll. It was perceyued y^t Iudas had slayne his owne fader & wedde his ow∣ne moder. Then̄e Ciborea his moder & wyf meuyd hȳ to leue his synne / & then he folowed Cryst / & he forgaue hym his synne & made hym his proctour & apo∣stle. And how fals he was to Cryst / it ne¦deth not to reherce. ¶And y^t same yere Mathewe was chosen / & the holy ghost was sende in to them as it is sayd afore ¶The appostles or they were sparpled in to all the worlde / they gadred theym togyder in to Ierusalem & made y^e Cre∣de here folowynge / that is our byleue.

Petrus

¶Credo in deū patrem omnipotentē creatorem celi et terre.

Andreas

¶Et in ihesum xp̄m filium eius vnicum do∣minum nostrum.

Iohānes

¶Qui conceptus est de spiritu sancto natus ex maria virgine.

Iacobus

¶Passus sub pontis pilato crucifixus mortu∣us et sepultus.

¶Ascendit ad celos se¦det ad dexteram dei pa∣tris omnipotentis.

Thomas

¶Descendit ad infer∣na tercia die resurrexit a mortuis.

Iacobus

¶Passus sub pontis pilato crucifixus mortu∣us et sepultus.

¶Ascendit ad celos se¦det ad dexteram dei pa∣tris omnipotentis.

Phllipp{us}

¶Inde venturus est iudicare viuos et mor¦tuos.

Bartho.

¶Credo in spiritum san¦ctum. ✚

Matheus

¶Sanctam ecclesiam ca∣tholicam.

Symon

¶Sanctorum commu¦nionem remissionē pec∣catorum.

Iudas

¶Carnis resurreccio∣nem. ✚

Mathias

¶Et vitā eternam Amen.

IHesu Cryst our sauyour rose fro deth to lyf & sayd to his discyples All the power in heuen & in erthe is ge¦uen vnto me. And goo ye thus in to all the worlde & preche / & teche vnto euery creature / & I shall be with you vnto the ende of the worlde. ¶Here he chose hȳ lxxij. discyples. And he had .xij. apostles the whiche he sende in to all the worlde to preche. Ne it is not redde that there were more ordres amonge the discyples of Cryste / of whome the preestes & bys∣shops in the chirche of god yet kepe the fourme. For to the apostles the bysshops succede / & to the dyscyples preestes. To the whiche two ordres / all the chirche is gyuen as a goodly Ierarche (Vt patet in Decreto Damasie pape)

Iohannes. ✚

Wrote in Asia in Greke langage In principio erat verbum. &c.

Marcus. ✚

Wrote in Ytalia but in greke lan¦gage. Innitiū euangelij Iesu cristi. &c.

Lucas. ✚

Wrote in Grecia in greke langage Huit in diebus herodis regis iu∣de sacerdos. &c.

Matheus. ✚

Wrote in the Iury in Hebrewe langage. Liber generacionis Ihe∣su cristi. &c.

¶Here begynneth the ordre of Popes of Rome / & contynueth as the lyne of Cry∣ste dyde afore. For in them god lefte his power.

¶Anno domini .xxxiiij.

PEter a Iewe the fyrste pope was a blessyd man & a gloryous apo∣stle of Cryst. ¶He was heed of the chir∣che. xxxvij. yere. And he helde his bys∣shopryche in the eest .v. yere & sayd masse he made our lorde / & alone sayd the Pa¦ter noster. Thenne after he came to An¦tiochiam & there he abode .vij. yere te∣chynge the way of trouth. And Spmon Magus he confounded awaye. That season he preched to the people that we∣re circsscysed / the whiche were in Ponto of Galati. Capadocia. Asia. Bithinia. Thenne herde he that Symon Magus deluded the Romayns / thrugh the loue of the fayth / he came to Rome in the fourth yere of Claudius the Emperour And there he preached the worde of god / & shewed the falshede of Symon Mag{us} and tourned many a man to the fayth / Thenne he sende his precher by dyuerse prouynces / by whome crysten relygyon was myghtely encreased. ¶He ordeyned the feest of Lenton afore Eester / & Ad∣uent / & the Emerynge dayes to be fasted of all crysten people / in to the myrrour of the fyrste & seconde comynge of oure lorde Ihesu. ¶Thenne whan he had be pope at Rome .xxv. yere .vij. monethes and .viij. dayes / he was slayne of Nero (Ei{us} pl̄a o{per}a vide ac••••{bus} apl̄o{rum}) ¶Ga¦ius this tyme was Emperour at Rome & regned .iij. yere & .x. monethes. This Gai{us} was fyrst bicyous in lyurnge / for two of his owne systers he mysused / & on one of them he gate a doughter / whi¦che childe he sette betwixt y^e knees of Iu¦pyter in the temple / & feyned afterwar∣de y^• Iupyter had goten her. Wherfore he dyde crye thrugh the coūtree that all men sholde worshyp her as a goddesse / This man also made an ymage lyke hymself / & sente it to one Patronie Pre∣sydent at Ierusalem vnder y^• Romayns cōmaundynge hym y^• he sholde compell the Iewes to do worshyp therto. And fo¦re these enormytees & many other / our lorde suffred hym to be slayne at Rome in his owne Palays.

¶Of kynge Gynder that was Kymba¦lyns sone / that wolde not paye the trua∣ge to Rome for the londe that Cassybo¦lon had graunted / and how he was slay¦ne of a Romayne.

ANd after y^• deth of this Kymba∣lyn regned Gynder his sone a good man & a worthy / & was of so hygh herte y^• he wolde not pay to Rome y^• try¦bute that kynge Cassybolon had graū∣ted vnto Iulius Cezar. Wherfore them perour y^• was tho / that was called Clau¦dius Cezar was sore anoyed. And ordey¦ned a grete power of Romayns / & ca∣me in to this londe for to conquere the trybute thrugh strength / & for to haue it on the kynge. But this kynge Gynder and Arinager his broder assembled and

〈◊〉〈◊〉 a grete hoste 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Brotons & yaue batayll to the Emperour Claw¦dius / & slewe of y^• Romayns grete plen∣te. The Emperour had afterwarde one that was called Hamon y^• sawe the peo¦ple there were fast slayne / & pryuely cast awaye his owne armes / & toke y^• armes of a deed Bryton / and armed hym with his armour / & came in to the bataylle to the kyuge & sayd in this maner. Syr be of a good herte for goddes loue / for the Romayns that ben your enmyes anone shall be slayne & dyscomfyted euerycho∣ne. And the kynge gaaf no kepe to his wordes / ne to his speche / for by cause of the armes that he had vpon hym / and de myd that he had ben a Bryton. But the traytour euer helde hym next the kynge And pryuely vnder the sholder of his ar¦mes he smote the kynge / wherfore the kynge deyed & felle downe to the erthe / ¶ Whan Armager sawe his brother so deed / he caste awaye his armes and toke to hym his brothers armes / & came in to the batayll amonges the brytons and hadde them hetfly for to fyght / and fast¦laye a downe the Romayns. And for the armes they wende it had be kyng Gyn¦der that afore was slayne / y^• they wyst not. Thenne began the Brytons fyersly for to fyght / & slewe the Romayns. So at the laste the Emperour forsoke the felde / and fledde as fast as they myght with his folke in to Wynchestre. And the fals traytour Hamon that had slay∣ne the kynge / fast anone beganne for to slee with al the hast that he myght. And Armager the kynges brother pursued hym full fyersely with a fyers herte / & droue hym vnto a water & there he to∣ke hym. And anone smote of bothe hon¦de and feet & heed / and he••ed the body all to pyeces / and thenne lete cast hym in to the water. Wherfore y^• water was called Hamons hauen. And after there was made a fayre towne that yet ston∣deth / that is called Southampton. And after Armager wente to Wynchestre for to seke Claudius Cezar the Emperour of Rome. And there Armager hym to∣ke. And Claudius themperour thorugh counseyll of the Romayns that were w^t hym lefte a lyue / made peas with Arma¦ger in this maner as ye shal here. That is to saye. How that Claudius the Em∣perour sholde yeue vnto Armager Gen¦nen his fayre doughter for to haue vnto his wyf. Soo that this londe from that tyme forwarde sholde be in the Empe∣rours power of Rome / vpon suche coue∣naunt / that neuer afterwarde no Em∣perour of Rome sholde take none other trybute of this londe / but oonly frauce. And they were accorded. And vpon this couenaunt Claudius Cezar sente to Ro¦me for his doughter Gennen. And as she was come Claudius Cezar yaf her vnto Armager to wyf. And Armager spowsed her at London with moche so∣lempnyte and mythe. And thenne was Armager crowned and made kynge of Brytayne.

¶Of kynge Armager in whose tyme saynt Peter preched in Antioche with o∣ther apostles in dyuers coūtrees.

THis Armager regned well and worthely / and gouerned the lon∣de ryght worshypfully. ¶And Claudi∣us Cezar in remembraunce of this ac∣corde / and for reuerence and honoure of his doughter / made in this londe a fay∣re towne and a castell / and lete calle the towne after his name Claucestren / the whiche now is called Gloucestre. And thenne whan all this was done the Em¦perour toke his leue / and then̄e wente to Rome ayen. And Armager thenne was kynge / and gouerned the londe wel and worthely all his lyues tyme. And this Armager gate a sone on his wyte whi∣che was called Westmer. And whyle that this Armager regned / saynt Peter pre∣ched

in Anthioche. And there he made a noble chirche. In the whiche he sate fyr∣ste in his chayre. And there he dwelled .vij. yere. And after he wente to Rome / and was made pope / tyll that Nero the Emperour lete martyr hym. And then preched openly all the apostles in dyuer∣se londes the ryght fayth. ¶And whan Armager hadde regned .xxiiij. yere / he deyed / and lyeth at the auncyente cyte of London.

¶How kynge Westmer gaf to Beryn∣ger an ylonde forlet. And there this Be¦rynger made the towne of Berwyke.

ANd after this Armager regned his sone Westmer / that was a good man & a worthy of body / & well gouerned the londe. It befell so y^t tydyn∣ges came to hym vpon a daye / that the kynge Roderyk of Gascoyne was co∣me in to this londe with an hughe hoste of people / & was dwellynge in Stanys more. And whan kynge Westmer herde those tydynges / he lete assemble an huge hoste of Brytons / & came to the kynge Roderyk & yaue hym batayll. And kyn∣ge Westmer slewe kynge Roderyk with his owne hondes in playne bataylle. And whan kynge Roderyks men sawe that ther lorde was slayne / they yelded them all to kynge Westmer / & became his men for euer more. And he gaf them a coūtree that was forleten wherin they myght dwelle. And thyther they wente & dwelled there all theyr lyues tyme / & .ix. hondred men there were of theym & no moo lefte at that batayll. Theyr go¦uernour & prynce was called Berynger And anone he began a towne that they myght therin dwelle & haue resorte / and lete calle the towne Berwyk vpon Twe¦de. And there they enhabyted & became ryche. But they had no wȳmen amon∣ge them / & the Brytons wolde not yeue theyr doughters to the straūgers. Wher∣fore they wente ouer see in to Irlonde / & brought with them wȳmen / & there they them spowsed. But the men coude not vnderstonde theyr langage ne y^• spe¦che of these wȳmen / & therfore they spa∣ke togyder as Scottes. And afterwarde thrugh chaūgynge ther langage / in all Fraūce they were called thenne Scottes & soo sholde the folkes of that countree be called for euer more.

¶How kynge Westmer lete arere a sto∣ne in the entrynge of Westmerlonde / there that he slewe Roderyk / and there he began fyrst housynge.

ANd after this batayll that is a∣boue sayd whan Roderyk was deed / kynge Westmer in remembraūce of his victory lete arere there besyde the waye a grete stone on hygh / & yet it ston¦deth / & euer more shall stonde. And he le te graue in the stone letters y^t thus sayd The kynge Westmer of Brytayne sle∣we in this place Roderyk his enemye / ¶ And this Westmer was the fyrst that buylded hous & towne in Westmerlon∣de / & at that stone begynneth Westmer∣londe / that Westmer lete calle after his owne name. And whan Westmer had so done / he dwelled all his lyf tyme in that coūtree of Westmerlonde / for he loued y^t coūtree more than ony other coūtree / & whan he had regned .xxv. yere / he deyed and lyeth at Karleyll.

¶Of kynge Coill that was Westmers sone that helde his londe in peas all his lyues tyme.

AFter this / his sone kynge Coill regned / a good man and a wor∣thy / and of good condycyons / and well gouerned his londe. And of all men he hadde loue and peas. And in his tyme was neuer contake / debate / nor warre in Brytayne. And he regned & was kynge

in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 all his lyues tyme. And whan he had regned .xi. yere he deyed & lyeth at Yorke.

CLaudius was Emperour at Ro∣me next after Gai••s. And he reg¦ned .xiiij. yere & .viij. dayes. This man came in to grete Brytayne now called Englonde / for to chalenge the trybute whiche they dyde denye vnto y^e Romay∣nes. And after grete bataylles ther was bytwene the Emperour Claudius & Ar¦mager kyng of Brytayne. And after ac¦cordement made / y^• this armager sholde wedde Claudius doughter / & after they two sholde euer lyue in peas. In token wherof / this Claudius named the cyte where they were wedded after hym / and called it Claudicestre / where we now it calle Gloucestre. ¶This Claudi{us} had thre wyues. And on Petiua the fyrst wyf he gate a doughter that hyght Antonia The fyrst wyf decessed / and he wedded Messalinam / & gate a sone that hyght Britanicus / and Octauia a doughter. The thyrde he wedded Agrippina / ha∣uynge a sone that hyght Nero. Claudi∣us wedded his doughter Octauia to Ne to his wyues sone. This Claudius for loue that he had to Agrippina his laste wyf / he slewe Messalina his fyrst wyf / leest she sholde haue holpe Britanicus her sone & his to y^e Empyer. Yet Agrip∣pina the laste wyf of Claudius dradde / leest her husbonde wolde haue proferred Britanicus / & haue deposed Nero her sone / therfore she poysoned her husbon∣de Claudius / and Nero was promoted to the Empyre. And this same Nero ya¦ue his moder suche a rewarde ayen. For he poysoned Britanicus and slewe his owne moder & his wyf Octauia. ¶Ia¦mes the more the apostle this tyme was slayne of Herode Agrippa / & Peter was prysoned (Vt pʐ ac•• .xij.) The body of saynt Iames was brought by myracle in Galeciam of Spayne. ¶Nero after Claudius was Emperour / & he regned xiij. yere & .vij. monethes. This Nero was a cursyd man / & made grete waste in the Empyre. He wolde not fysshe but with nettes of golde & ropes of sylke. A grete parte of the lordes of Rome he sle¦we. He was enemye to noo men but to good men. He slewe his broder & his wyf his moder & his mayster. He slewe also Peter & Poule / he wolde neuer were one cloth two tymes. All his hors & his mu∣les were shod with syluer / & at the laste he dyde sette a grete parte of Rome on fyre / some saye / the Romayns complay∣ned the stretes were to narowe. And as he had brent a grete parte of Rome. ••. c¦ro sayd there is space to buylde the she∣tes wyder. Thenne the Senatours with the comyn people came vpon hym to sle∣we hym / & he fledde by nyght in to the subarbes of the cyte & hyde hȳ / & he her¦de karles & beggers sayenge. And they wyst where the Emperour were he shol∣de neuer scape theym. Nero thought it sholde be grete derogacion to his name & he were slayne of karles. And on a gre¦te stake he ranne hymself to the herte & deyed / & there was buryed. And deuylles kept his body many a daye after & dyd grete hurte to the people / tyll by a myra¦cle of our lorde the body was foūde & ta¦ken awaye / & thenne y^e deuylles boyded. ¶Seneca was this tyme mayster to Ne¦ro. ¶Iuuenalis poeta. ¶Lucan{us} poeta. ¶Iames the lesse the apostle bysshop of Ierusalem was slayne of the Iewes the .vi. yere of Nero. Marcus the euāgelyst was martred the fyrst yere of hym.

¶Circa annū xp••i .lxxiiij.

LInus Ytalicus was pope of Ro¦me .x. yere and .ij. monethes & .xiij. dayes. This Linus and his succes∣sour Cletus / thrugh theyr holy conuer∣sacyon were made to mynystre the ••re∣sour of the chirche to the people Peter

beynge a lyue. And Peter attended to prayenge & prechynge. ¶It it redde of this Cletus / that he wrote fyrst in his let¦ters (Salutem et apostolicā benedictio∣nem) ¶Afore this tyme was many a Dyscyple of Peter slayne vnder Nero. ¶Galba this tyme was Emperour / & he regned .vij. monethes. This man was made Emperour by the power of Spayne in the same londe Nero lyuyn∣ge. And after the deth of Nero brought to Rome / & there was slayne of a man that, came with whete to Rome. He smo¦te of his heed & bare it to hym that was Emperour next / seynge all his men / & none of them helpynge hym. ¶In this mannes dayes came the grete Rethori∣cyen to Rome fro Spayne / & was the fyrst that euer taught the scyence open∣ly / his name was Quintilian. ¶Otho regned after hym / and he regned but .iij. monethes. For one Vitellus that was Presydent of Fraūce chalenged the Em¦pyre. And in Ytalye betwixt these two were thre grete bataylles. And in the fourth batayll Otho sawe he sholde be ouercome and in grete dyspeyre he slewe hymself. ¶Vitellus regned after Otho & he regned .viij. monethes / for he was folower of Nero moost specyall in glo∣tony / and in syngynge of foule songes / and at festes etynge out of mesure / that he myght not kepe it. ¶Vespasian{us} reg¦ned next tfter hym .ix. yere and .x. mo∣nethes and .xij. dayes. ¶The well go∣uerned men of Rome seynge the cursyd successyon of Nero sente after this Ves∣pasian vnto Palestyn. For there he was & his sone Titus whiche had besyeged Ierusalem. ¶And whan he herde that Nero was deed / by whome he was sente to Ierusalem / and herde of these cursyd men regnynge. At the Instaūce of these men / not wyllyngly / toke vpon hym the Empyre. And anone as he was come to Rome / he ouercame the tyraūt Vitellus and lete hym be drawe thorugh Rome / and after in to Tybre tyll he was deed / and thenne lete hym sayle without se∣pulture / for this y^• people desyred. This man was cured of waspys in his nose anone as he byleued in our lorde Ihesu / And that was the cause why he wente to Ierusalem / to venge Cristis deth. He fought .xxxij. tymes with his enemyes / And deyed the yere of grace .lxxix.

¶Anno dm̄ .lxxxiiij.

CLetus a martyr was pope .xi. yere This Cletus was a Romayn / & gretly he loued pylgrymages to sayntes sayenge it was more profyte to y^e helthe of mannes soule to visyte the place that saynt Peter was in / than for to fast two yere. He cursyd all tho men lettynge su∣che pylgrymages / or counsellers contra∣ry therto. At the last he was martryd by Damician the Emperour. ¶Titus so∣ne to Vespasianus was Emperour this tyme and regned thre yere. And he abo∣de styll at Ierusalem after the eleccyon of his fader and destroyed the cyte. And slewe there as the storye sayth with ba∣tayll and hungre .xi. hondred thousan∣de Iewes. And a hondred thousande he toke and solde .xxx. for a peny. By cau∣se they solde Cryste for .xxx. pens / and brought thens all thynge that was pre∣cyous / and put them in his hous at Ro∣me / whiche was called Templū pacis / But now is that place falle downe for the moost party / and all these grete Ie∣welles ben dystrybuted to certayne chir∣ches in Rome. ¶This Titus was so full of vertue that all men loued hym / soo ferforth / that they called hym the moost delectable of men. He was full ly¦berall to all men / in soo moche that he sayd often tymes / that there sholde noo man go from an Emperour with an he¦uy herte / but he sholde somwhat haue of his petycyon. He wolde be sory that daye in the whiche he had graunted no man

no benefyte. ¶Whan that he was deed. euery man that was in Rome wept for hym / as that they had loste theyr fader. ¶Domician brother to Titus regned after hym .xxiiij. yere and .v. monethes Fyrst he was easy / and afterwarde full vnresonable. For moche of the Senate was destroyed by his malyce / and also moche of his kynrede. He began the se∣conde persecucōn after Nero ayenst cry∣sten men / in the whiche persecucyon Io¦han the Euangelyst was exiled in to Pa¦thius after the Emperour had put hym in to a tonne of oyle brennynge & hurte hym not. So this man was not the fo∣lower of his fader Vespasian / ne his bro¦ther Titus / but rather lyke Nero & his kynrede. And for these wycked condicy∣ons he was slayne in his owne palays at Rome in the .xxvij. yere of his aege / ¶ Clemens a martyr was pope .ix. yere & he succeded Cletus. This Clemens fyrst of saynt Peter was ordeyned to be successour to hym. And for peryll he wol¦de Linus and Cletus sholde be popes a∣fore hym / leest that thrugh that ensam∣ple prelates sholde ordeyne vnder them who some euer they wolde. This man made the lyfe of martyrs to be wryten by regyons. And he made many bokes He ordeyned that a childe sholde be con∣fermed as soone as it myght / namely af¦ter it was crystened. And at the laste he was martred vnder Traian. ¶Nerua was Emperour after Domician oo ye∣re & two monethes. And whan he was chosen he meued the Senate to make a lawe / that thynge whiche Domician cō¦maunded to be kepte sholde be broken / By the whiche meane saynt Iohan the Euangelyst was losed out of his exyle / & suffred to come ayen to Ephase. This man dyde an other thynge ryght comen¦dable that he assyned so wyse a man as Traian was to gouerne the people af∣ter hym. ¶Nota. ¶Traian{us} His∣panicus was Emperour .xix. yere. This Traianus many man sayd. He was the best amonge all the Emperours / but in one thynge alone he was vicyous. In so moche as he for the loue of the fals god¦des was abowte to destroye the crysten fayth. Iugynge in hymselfe so moost to please god. Some men saye not by hym self but by other he pursewed the crysten fayth / and in the ende of his lyf he dyde but fewe to deth. And all his louynge I sette at nought. But at saynt Gregory meued with pyte wepynge / and prayed vnto our lorde for hym / that he wolde ha¦ue mercy vpon hym / & by his prayer ha∣ue hym out of helle / in to whiche place he was dampned. And now yf that he be saued or not / a grete alteracyon is a∣monge doctours. And to vs that wryte Cronycles / it is no parte of our charge to determyn. But all the eest parte of the worlde. Babylon. Selencia / the vtter partes of the Ynde. Germayne the se∣conde after Alexander he helde vnder. In all these thynges so pyteous and so mekely he guyded hym to euery man as a kyng. He was gentyll / and to no man vngentyll / the whiche is redde of fewe / All his dayes he lyued / that men sayd he was the moost worthy man in all his Empyre. And thought & sayd euer mo∣re / that no man was more vnworthy to be Emperour than he.

¶Anno dm̄ .C.liij.

ANacletus a martyr was pope .ir. yere. And he was a Greke. He monysshed all crysten men that preestes sholde be worshypped aboue all other men. Sayenge / that preestes doynge sa∣crifyce to god sholde be borne out / and not vexed / but be worshypped. And pree∣stes whan they sayd masse the sholde ha¦ue wytnesse with them and namely bys¦shops. Also he decreed that clerkes shol∣de were no berdes no•• longe heere. Also that a bysshop sholde be consecrated of

thre / & dyuerse other thynge. At the last the .xij. yere of Traian{us} he was martred and buryed by the body of saynt Peter / ¶ Plintius the seconde Oratour & philo¦sopher wrote moche thyng{is}. This man meued Traian{us} y^t he sholde withdrawe the sentence yeuen ayenst crysten folke / wryten to hym that they sholde do noo ylle but take hede to the vertue / but that they sholde ryse afore daye & worshypp ther god secretly in the nyght. ¶Euari¦stus a Greke & a martyr was pope .x. ye¦re and .vij. monethes after Anacletus. This man ordeyned y^t man & woman sholde be wedded openly / and that they sholde be blessyd openly of the preest and fader & moder. And he was martred the thyrde yere of Adrian & buryed by saynt Peter. ¶Alexander a Romayn was po∣pe .viij. yere and .v. monethes. This A∣lexander the moost parte of the Sena∣tours he conuerted vnto our lorde. And he constytuted and ordeyned / that holy water sholde be sprynkled in to crysten mennes houses. And he ordeyned that the brede that preestes vse to synge with sholde be made of pure and clene brede and that in a lytell quantyte. At the last he was martred vnder Adryan that was the Emperour. And many of them he conuerted to the fayth. ¶Sixtus a Ro∣mayne was pope .x. yere & .iij. monethes. This man ordeyned (Sanctus Sanct{us} Sanctus &c••) sholde be sayd in the masse And that the holy thynges of the chir∣che sholde not be touched but of myny∣stres of the chirche. Also that y^e corporax sholde not be made of sylke / but of pure lynnen clothe wouen / and not dyed / and that a woman sholde not touche the ho∣ly vessell of the awter / ne the palle. Also he ordeyned / that yf ony bysshop were vacant / that no bysshop sholde be recey∣ued in to his benefyce / but with y^e popes letters. Also y^• no masse sholde be sayd but vpon an awter / & at the last he was martred. ¶Adrianus was Emperoure .xxi. yere. This Adrian in many thyn∣ges is cōmended to crysten men / other whyle he was gracyous / and certeyn of them that wolde not do sacrifyce to the fals goddes he slewe. He was an vnyuer¦sall man all moost in all scyence. Peas he had all his dayes / but with the Iewes and many a lawe he made. And thenne he cōmaunded that crysten men sholde not be dampned to deth but w^t due pro∣cesse. Ierusalem he subdued ayen / & for∣hadde that no Iewe sholde dwelle therin by no wyse. Crysten men he suffred the∣re to dwelle. Ayenst his wyll he came to the Empyre / but he gouerned hym very well. Whan the Senatours prayed hym to calle his sone Emperour after hym / He sayd / it is not ynough to me y^• ayenst my wyll I haue regned / whiche I haue not deserued. For the Emperour of Ro¦me sholde go by successyon of blood / but to suche men as haue deserued it thrugh theyr merytees. Many tymes he regned vnuertuously that is a kyng borne / and vertue sholde come before his kyngdom ¶Eustachius otherwyse called Placid{us} and Therospita his wyf / & two of ther sones / of whome meruayllous thynges ben redde / were martred by the cōmaun dement of Adrian. This Placidus was mayller of the Emperours knyghtes. Ierusalem was restored by Adrian and made larger / so y^t the place where Cryst deyed was within the walles / the whiche was without before. And this is y^e thyr∣de buyldynge agayne of that cyte / for it was thryes destroyed. Of the Caldees in the tyme of Zedechee / of Antiochus in the tyme of Machabeorr / & of Titus in the tyme of Vespasian.

¶Anno dm̄ .C.xliiij.

THelesphorus a Romayne was po¦pe .xi. yere This man ordeyned this aungels ympne to be songe in the masse (Gloria in excelsis deo &c••) & the

gospell to be redde afore the sacrynge / and on Crystmasse daye thre masses to be songe. And he ordeyned there sholde no masse be songe before thre of the cloc∣ke. And at the last he was martred & bu¦ryed at saynt Peters. ¶Ignius a Gre∣ke was pope foure yere. This man or∣deyned that a childe sholde haue a god∣fader & a godmoder at the tyme of bap¦tysynge / and also one at confyrmacyon. Also that no Archebysshop / excepte the pope sholde condempne his Suffrygan but yf the cause were shewed in the pro∣uyncyall counsell of bysshops. Thenne he was martred & buryed at saynt Pe∣ters. ¶Anthonius Pius was Emperour xxij. yere with his sones Aurolio & Lucio This man was myghtly wyse & natu∣relly fayre of speche / the whiche lyghtly in oo man is not foūde. Nota. ¶Ex∣cedynge men in wysdome comynly are not fayre speched / nor peasfull namely of nature / ne contraryous. ¶Excedynge men in fayre speche comynly are lesse than wyse. This man was meued with bothe these proprytees. Therfore many kyngdomes the whiche receded from o∣ther Emperours / wylfully to this man torned ayen. And to crysten men was no¦ne so gentyll. He sayd thrugh the ensam¦ple of Cipio. I had leuer kepe one heere of a man / than slee an hondred of myn¦enmyes. And some martyrs were made vnder hym / but they were made vnder the cōmaundement of the Emperours afore. And the crysten people were so ha¦tefull vnto the bysshops & to the preestes of the Temple of the fals goddes / that they prouoked the prynces alway ayenst them. For they supposed that the crysten fayth sholde destroye them. Therfore it was no meruaylle / all though the pryn∣ce was vnpleased / for they sayd All ther goddes were deuylles / yf lower Iuges pursued crysten folke & martred them. This tyme .x. thousande martyrs were crucifyed in Armenia / in an hygh hylle called Arath. ¶Pompei••s trogus isto tempore histor••as a nino vs{que} ad octa∣uianum deduxit.

¶Anno dm̄ .C.li••ij.

PIus ytalicus was pope .xi. yere & .iiij. monethes and .xv. dayes / This man ordeyned the feest of Ester euer more sholde be halowed on the son¦daye. And also an heretyke comyng fro the secte of the Iewes sholde be receyued and baptysed. Thenne he was martred and buryed in saynt Peters. ¶An••cetus was pope after Pi{us} almoost .x. yere this man made many decrees of the Canon and for bysshopes (Vt in ca{us} Violato∣res. &c̄.) ¶Galienus a leche goten in Pergamo was in grete fame at Rome The whiche not alonly expowned the bokes of Ypocras but he put many of them to his bokes. And of this man is sayd / for his dyscrete abstynence the whi¦che he vsed / he lyued an hondred and .xl. yeres. He neuer ete nor dranke his fylle ¶Nota abstinenc••am. ¶He neuer to¦ke rawe fruytes. Alwaye he had a swete brethe. He deyed all oonly thrugh aege & no sykenesse. ¶Marcus Anthonius the true / and Lucius Comodus were Empe¦rours .xix. yere. These toke the Empy∣re after Anthony the meke / and thenne began two Emperours to regne but Lu¦cius Comodus decessed. And Anthony was Emperous alone / the whiche was a victoryous man and a noble but that he made the fourth persecuycon to kylle crysten men. This Marcus was of so grete sadnesse and stedfastnesse that for no chaunce he lough neuer / ne chaunged no chere / nother for gladnesse ne for so∣rowe. And whanne he was a childe / he was of suche manhode / that on a cer∣tayne tr••••e whan he loked his tresour∣and had 〈◊〉〈◊〉 that whiche he myght gy∣ue his knyghtes and his men whan he wente to fyght ayenst the Germayn•• / the

Sclauons / and Sarmathus / he wol∣de hurte ne greue no body / but had leuer to selle his wyues golden vessel and her arayment / her beddynge / & all her ryall stuff / than take taxe of the Senatours / or of his prouynce vnder hym. But he gate the victorye of his enmyes / and re∣couered all ayen / & released the prouyn∣ces of ther trybutes. And those that wol¦de selle hym his wyues tresour ayen / he restored them ther moneye / & those that wolde not / he neuer greued them. But the tables of ther dettes betwixt hym & them he brente openly in the market pla¦ce and thanked them / that they helped hym in his necessyte.

¶How kynge Lucie regned after his fa¦der / that was a good man / and after he became crysten.

AFter this kynge Coill regned Lucie his sone / that was a good man to god & to all the people. He sente to Rome to Eulentre y^t then was pope / & sayd. He wolde become a crysten man & receyue baptym in the name of god & tome to the ryght fayth & byleue. Eulen¦tre sente two Legates / y^t were called Pa¦gan / an other Elybain in to this londe & baptysed the kynge & all his meyne / And after wente from towne to towne & baptysed the people tyll all the londe was baptysed. And this was in the yere an hondred .lvi. after the Incarnacyon of our lorde Ihesu cryste. And this kyng Lucie made tho in this londe two Arche bysshops / one at Caunterbury / an other at Yorke / & other many bysshops y^• yet ben in this londe. And whan these two Legat{is} had baptysed all this londe / they ordeyned prestes for to baptyse children / & for to make the sacrament / and after they wente ayen to Rome. And the kyn∣ge dwelled in his londe / & regned with moche honour .xij. yere / and after dedye and lyeth at Gloucestre.

¶How this londe was longe without a kyng / & how the Brytons chose a kyng.

THis kyng Lucie had none heyre of his body begoten / y^t was after¦warde grete harme & sorowe to the lon∣de. For after this kynge Lucies deth / no∣ne of the grete lordes of the londe wolde suffre an other to be kynge / but lyued in warre & debate amonges themself .l. ye¦re without kynge. But it befell after∣warde y^t a grete prynce came from Ro∣me in to this londe that was called Se¦uerie / not for to warre / but for to saue y^e ryght of Rome. But neuertheles he had not dwelled half a yere in this londe but that y^e Brytons slewe hym. And whan they of Rome wyst that Seueri was so slayne / they sente an other grete lorde in to this londe that was called Allec that was a stronge man & a myghty of body & dwelled in this londe longe tyme and dyde moche sorowe to the Brytons. So that after for pure malyce / they chose a kynge amonge theym that was called Astelepades. And assembled a grete host of Brytons / & wente to London to seke Allec / and there they foūde hym & slewe hym & al his felowes. And one that was called Walon deffended hym fyersly / & fought longe with the Brytons / but at the last he was dyscomfyted / & the Bry∣tons toke hym and bonde his hondes & feet and cast hym in to a water. Wher∣fore y^t water was called euer more Wal¦broke. ¶Tho regned Astelepades in peas / tyll one of his Exles that was cal∣led Coill made a fayr towne ayenst the kynges wyll / & lete calle the towne Col∣chestre after his owne name. Wherfore the kynge was full wroth & thought to destroy hym. And began to warre vpon hym and brought grete power of men & yaaf the Erle batayll. And the Erle de∣fended hym fyersly with his power and slewe the kynge hymself in that batayll And tho was Coill crowned and made

kynge of this londe. This Coill regned and gouerned the londe well & nobly / for he was a noble man & well beloued a∣monge y^e Brytons. ¶Whan tho of Ro∣me herde that Astelepades was slayne / they were wonder gladde / and sente an other grete prynce of the Romayns that was called Constance. And he came to the kynge Coill for to chalenge the try∣bute that was wonte to be payed to Ro∣me. And the kynge answered well & wy¦sely & sayd / y^t he wolde paye to Rome al that ryght & reason wolde w^t good wyll And so they accorded tho with good wyl and without ony contake. And so bothe they dwelled togyder in loue. ¶Kynge Coill yaaf to hym his doughter Eleyne for to haue her to his spowse / that was both fayre & wyse / and good & well let∣tred. And this Constance spowsed her there with moche honour. And it befell soone after that this kynge Coill deyed in the .xiij. yere of his regne / and lyeth at Colchestre entyred.

¶Of kynge Constance that was a Ro∣mayne / that was chosen kynge after the deth of Coill / for as moche that he hadde spowsed Eleyne that was kynge Coils doughter.

AFter this kyng Coill Constance was made kynge & crowned / for almoche as he had spowsed kyng Coils doughter y^t was heyre of y^t londe. The whiche Constance regned well & worthe∣ly gouerned the londe. And he begate on his wyf Eleyne a sone y^t was called Con¦stantyne. And this kyng bare true fayth And truly dyde vnto them of Rome all his lyf. And whan he had regned .xv. ye∣re / he deyed & lyeth at Yorke.

¶How Constantyne that was kynge Constance sone / and the sone of Saynt Eleyne gouerned and ruled the londe / & was Emperour of Rome.

AFter kynge Constance deth reg¦ned Constantyne his sone & the sone of saynt Eleyne y^• founde the holy crosse in the holy londe. And how Con∣stantyne became Emperour of Rome. ¶It befell soo in y^• tyme there was an Emperour at Rome y^t was a Sarrasyn & a tyraunt / that was called Ma••ence / that put to deth all y^t byleued in god / & destroyed holy chirche by all his power & slewe all Crysten men that he myght fynde And among all other he lete mar∣tyr Saynt Katheryne. And many other crysten people that hadde drede of deth fledde & came in to this londe to kynge Constantyne. & tolde hym of the sorowe that Maxence dyde to the Crystyanytee Wherfore Constantyne had pyte / & ma∣de grete sorowe / and assembled a grete hoste & a grete power / and wente ouer vnto Rome / and there toke the cyte and slewe all that there was in that were of mysbyleue that he myght there fynde / And tho was he made Emperour and was a good man and gouerned hym so well that all londes to hym were atten¦daunt for to be vnder his gouernaunce ¶And this deuyll and tyraun Marence that tyme was in the londe of Grece & herde these tydynges and sodeynly beca¦me wood / and sodeynly he deyed and so he ended his lyf. ¶Whan Constantyne wente from this londe vnto Rome / he tooke with hym his moder Eleyne / for the moche wysedome that she coude / & thre other grete lordes that be moost lo∣ued / that one was called Hoell an an o∣ther was called Taberne / & the thyrde Morhin. And toke all his londe to kepe vnto the Erle of Comewayle that was called Octauian. And so anone as this Octauian wyste that his lorde dwelled at Rome. Incontynent he seased all the londe in to his honde / and therwith dy∣de all his wyll amonge hyghe & lowe / & they helde hym for kyng. ¶Whan these tydynges came to Constantyne the Em¦perour

/ he was wonder wrothe towarde the erle Octauian. And sente Taberne with .xij. M. men for to destroye the erle for his falsenesse. And they arryued at Portesmouth. ¶And whan Octauian wyst that he assembled a grete power of Brytons & dyscomfyted Taberne / and Taberne fledde thens in to Scotlonde. & ordeyned there a grete power / and ca∣me ayen in to this londe an other tyme to yeue batayll to Octauyan. ¶Whan Octauian herde that / he assembled a grete power & came ayen towarde Ta∣berne as moche as he myght / soo that those two hostes mette togyders vppon Stanesmore / and strongely smote togy∣der & tho was Octauian dyscomfyted / and ••ledde thens vnto Norwaye. And & aberne seassed all y^• londe in his hon∣de / townes & castelles / and as moche as they ther had. And syn Octauian came ayen from Norway with a grete power & seased all the londe in his honde & dro¦ue out all the Romayns / & was tho ma¦de kynge & regned.

¶How Marimian that was the Em∣perours cosyn of Rome spowsed Octa∣uians doughter / & was made kynge of this londe.

THis Octauian gouerned the lon¦de well & nobly but he had none hey•••• ••aue a doughter that was a yonge childe that he loued as moche as his lyf And for as moche as he wexed syke and was in poynt of deth / & myght no len∣ger regne / he wolde haue made one of his neuewes to haue be kynge / the whi∣che was a noble knyght & a stronge man that was called Conan Meriedok / and he sholde haue kepte the kynges dough∣ter & haue maryed her whan tyme had ben. But the lordes of the londe wolde not suffre it / but yaaf her coūseyll to be maryed to some hyghe man of grete ho∣nour / & thenne myght she haue all her lust / & the coūsell of the Emperour Con¦stantyne her lorde. And at this coūseyll they accorded / & those tho Cador of Cor¦newaylle for to go to the Emperour for to do this message. And he toke y^e waye & went to Rome / & tolde the Emperour this tydynges well and wysely. And the Emperour sent in to this londe with hȳ his owne cosyn y^• was his vncles sone a noble knyght & a stronge / that was cal∣led Maximian. And he spowsed Octa∣uians doughter / & was crowned kynge of this londe.

¶How Maximian y^t was themperours cosyn / conquereed the londe of Armory∣cam / & yaaf it to Conan Meriedok.

THis kynge Maximian became so ryall that he thought to con∣quere the londe of Armorycam / for the grete rychesse y^t he herde telle y^t was in that londe / so y^• he ne lefte man y^t was of worthynes / knyght / squyre / ne none other man / that he ne toke with hym to the grete damage to all the londe. For he lefte at home behynde hym no man to kepe the londe / but toke them with hȳ fro this londe .xxx. thousande knyghtes that were doughty mennes bodyes / and wente ouer to the londe of Armorycam and there slewe the kynge that was cal∣led Imball / and conquered all the londe And whan he had so done / he called Co¦nan & sayd. For as moche as kyng Oc∣tauian made you kynge of Brytayne / and thrugh me ye were lette & dystrou∣bled that ye were not kynge. I gyue you this londe of Armorycam / & you therof make kynge. And for as moche as ye be a Bryton. I wyll that this londe ha∣ue the same name / & nomore be called Armorycam / but be called Brytayne. And the londe from whens we be comen shall be called moche Brytayne. And soo shall men knowe that one Brytay∣tayne fro that other. Conan Meridok

thanked hym greetly / & so was he made kynge of lytell Brytayn. And whan all this was done. Maximiam wente from thens vnto Rome / & tho was made Em¦perour after Constantyne. And Conan dwelled styll in lytell Brytayn w^t moche honour / & there lete ordeyne .ij. thousan¦de ploughmen of y^e londe for to culture the londe to harowe it / & for to sowe it / & feffed them rychely after y^t they were. And for asmoche as kyng Conan & no∣ne of his knyghtes / ne none of his other people wolde not take wyues of y^e nacion of Fraūce / he tho sente in to grete Bry∣tayne to the Erle of Cornewayle y^• men called Dionothe / y^• he sholde chese tho∣rugh out all this londe .xi.M. of may∣dens. That is to saye .viij.M. for the meane people / and .iij.M. for the gre∣test lordes that sholde them spouse. And whan Dionoth vnderstode this / he ma∣de a cōmaundement thorughout all the londe of Brytayn. And as many as the nombre came to he assemblid togyder of maydens / for there was no man y^• durst withstande his cōmaundements / for as moche that all the londe was take hym to warde & kepe / to doo all thynge that hȳ good lyked. ¶And whan these may∣dens were assembled / he lete them come afore hym at London. And lete ordeyne for them shyppes hastely / and as moche as them neded to that vyage. And toke his owne doughter that was called vr∣sula / that was the fayrest creature that ony man wyst. And he wolde haue sent her to kynge Conan / that sholde haue spoused her and made her quene of the londe But she had made pryuely to god a vowe of chastyte / that her fader not wyst / ne none other man elles that was lyuynge vpon erthe.

¶How Vrsula and .xi. thousande may¦dens that were in her company wente towarde lytell Brytayne / and all they were martred at Coleyne.

THis Vrsula chose vnto her com∣pany .xi. thousande maydens / y^• of all other she was lady & maystresse / And all they wente to shyppe at one ty∣me in the water y^• is called Tamyse / & cōmaunded her kynne & her frendes to almyghty god / & saylled towarde lytell Brytayn. But whan they were come in to the hyghe see / a stronge tempest arose as it was goddes wyll / & Vrsula with her shyppes & her company were dryue to Hundlonde thrugh tempest and arry¦ued in the hauen of the cyte of Coleyne And the kyng of the londe that was cal¦led Gowan / was tho in the cyte. And whan he wyst the tydynges that so ma ny fayre maydens were there arryued. He toke Elga his brother & other of his housholde with hym & went to the shyp¦pes to se•• y^• fayre company. And whan he sawe them so fayre / he and his com∣pany wolde haue ouerlayne them & sa∣ke fro them ther maydenhode. But Vr∣sula that good mayde / coūseylled / pray∣ed / warned / & taught theym that were her felowes y^• they sholde defende them with all theyr myght / and rather suffre deth than suffre ther body to be defor / led. So that all tho maydens became so stedfast in god / that they defended them thrugh his grace / so that none of them hadde power to do them shame. Wher∣fore the kynge Gowan was sore ano••ed that he for wrathe slewe them eueryo¦ne anone ryght / & so were all tho may∣dens martred for the loue of god / and lyeth at Coleyne.

¶How kynge Gowan came for to de∣stroy this londe / and how a man of gre¦te power that was called Gracian def∣fended the londe.

AS all this was done kynge Go¦wan that was a Sarrasyn cal∣led his brother Elga and sayd to hym / that he sholde goo conquere the londe

that all those fayr maydens were borne in. And he ordened tho a grete power of Pehites / of Denmarke / of Orkenay / & of Norway And they came in to this lon¦de / & brente townes & slewe folke / & cast a downe chirches & houses / and robbed all the londe in length & brede / & put to deth all tho that wolde not forsake the ryght byleue & crystendome / for as mo∣che as there was no souerayne y^• myght them helpe. For the kynge Maximian had take with hym all the worthy men whan he wente to conquere lytell Bry∣tayne And in the same tyme that ye here now telle was Saynt Albon martryd thrugh the wood tyraūt Dyoclesian / in the same place where is now an abbaye made of saynt Albon whyles y^• he was a paynym. But he conuerted hȳ to god thrugh the predicacōn of a clerke & a wy¦se man y^• was called Ancyble / that was herbourghed a nyght in his hous. And this was after thyncarnacyon of Ihesu Cryst .ij. hondred .xxvi. yere. And men shall vnderstonde y^• saynt Albon suffred his martyrdom before y^• saynt Edmon∣de was martryd / & therfore is saynt Al∣bon called the fyrst martyr of Englond ¶This Gowans brother & his folke that were sarrasyns wente thrugh y^• lon¦de & destroyed all thynge that they foū∣de / & no thynge they spared. Whan these tydynges came to Rome how y^• kynge Gowan had begon for to destroye this londe / the Emperour of Rome sente a stronge man & of grete power y^• was cal¦led Gracian with .xxiiij.M. well fygh∣tynge men / for to caste out those sarra∣syns of this londe. And all they arryued at Portesmouth. ¶Maximian myght not come hȳself / for as moche as he was chosen Emperour after the deth of Con¦stantyne that was saynt Eleynes sone. whan this Gracian was arryued w^t his hoste / he lete aspye pryucly where kynge Gowan myght be founde. And he sette vpon them sodenly as they laye in theyr beddes / and dyscomfyted hym & slewe them in ther beddes euerychone / that no¦ne of them scaped / sauf Gowan that fledde in to his owne coūtree w^t moche sorowe & grete payne. ¶So oneafter it befelle that Maximian was slayne at Rome thrugh treason. And whan Gra¦cian wyst that tydynges he lete crowne hym kynge of this londe.

¶How Gracian made hȳ kynge whan Maximian was slayne / & afterwarde y^• Brytons slewe hȳ for his wyckednesse.

THis Gracian whan he began to regne / he became so wycked & so sterne / and so moche sorowe dyde to the Brytons y^• they slewe hȳ amonge them ¶Tho whan kynge Gowan vndersto¦de y^• Gracian was slayne & done to deth he assembled a grete power & came ayen in to this londe. And yf he had fyrst do∣ne harme tho dyde he moche more. For tho destroyed he all this londe / & the cry¦sten people y^• were in moche Brytayne / so that no man was so hardy for to na¦me god / & he that so dyde anone he was put to strange deth. ¶But the bysshop of London that was tho y^• was called Gosselim scaped / & went thens to them of Rome to seke socour / to helpe to de∣stroy the sarrasyns y^• had destroyed this londe. And y^• Romayns sayd / that they had ben so often enoyed for ther sendyn¦ge people in Brytayne / all for to hel¦pe the Brytons / & they wolde nomore so do / and so the Bysshop Gosselin went thens without ony secour or helpe. And tho wente he to the kynge of lytell Bry¦tayne y^• was called Aldroye / & this was the thyrde kynge after Gowan Merye∣dok / as before is sayd. ¶The bysshop prayed this Aldroye of helpe & socoure / & the kynge had pyte in his herte whan he herde how the bysshop fledde / & how that the crysten men were soo slayne in grete Brytayne thrugh y^• paynyms and

sarrasyns / he graūted hym Constantyn his broder hym for to helpe with power of folke. And then dyde arraye hors / ar∣mour & shyppes / & all thynges y^• neded to y^• vyage. And whan all thynge was re¦dy / he called the bysshop / & to hym sayd I take you here Constantyne my broder vpon this couenaūt. That yf god gyue hym grace the paynems & the sarrasyns to destroye / y^• ye then make hym kynge. And the bysshop graūted w^t good wyll. ¶Constantyne & the bysshop toke leue of the kynge Aldroye & betoke hym to god / & toke ther men .xij. thousande and wente to ther shyppes / & saylled towar¦de grete Brytayne & arryued att Tot∣nesse. ¶Whan the Brytons herde these tydyng{is} y^• to them came socour / they we¦re strongely holpen / & ordeyned them an¦huge nombre of people & came to them and receyued them with moche honour. ¶Gowan anone as he wyst of these ty¦dynges / he assembled all the Sarrasyns & came ayenst them & yaue them batay¦le. And Constantyne slewe hȳ with his owne hondes. And all those other Sar∣rasyns were dyscomfyted & slayne y^• no∣ne of them escaped / but those that were conuerted vnto almyghty god.

¶How Constantyne y^t was the kynges brother of lytell Brytayne was crowned kynge of grete Brytayune / for his grete vertue & his grete worthynesse.

ANone after the batayll they wen¦te to London & crowned there Constantyne & made hym kyng of this londe. And the bysshop Gosselyn sette y^• crowne on his heed & anoynted hym / as it befalleth for a kynge to be. And tho began crystendome ayen in this londe / And anone this kynge Constantyne as he was crowned. anone after he spowsid his wyf thrugh coūseyll of the Brytons And he begate thre sones on her. The fyrste was called Constance / & y^• other Aurilambros / & the thyrde Vter. This Constance the elder brother / whan he ca ma to aege / he made hym a monke att Wyncestre. This Constantyne ther fad{er} thrugh treason was slayne. ¶For it be∣fell on a tyme / that a Pehite came to hȳ vpon a daye in message as it were. And sayd that he wolde speke with foe kyng pryuely in coūseyll. The kyng lete voy∣de his chambre of the men y^• were there within / & there abode noo moo but the kynge & the Pehite. And he made a coū tenaunce as though he wolde haue spo∣ken with the kynge in his eere. And the∣re he slewe hym with a longe knyf. And after that he went meruaylously out of the chambre in to an other chamre so at the laste no man wyst where he was become. ¶Whan the kynges men west that theyr lorde was so deed they made then so moche sorowe that they wyst not what to do. For as moche as his two so¦nes Aurilambros and Vter were so yon¦ge / that they myght not be kynge / and the thyrde was a monke as is sayd be∣fore. But Vortiger that was Erle of Westsex thought pryuely in his herte thrugh queyntaunce for to be kyng hym selfe. And wente to Wynchestre where that Constance was monke / and sayd vnto hym. Constance sayd he your fa∣der is deed & your two brethern that ben with Gosselyn the bysshopp of London to nourysshe be so yonge / that none of them may be bynge. Wherfore I coūsell you / that ye forsake your habyte and co∣me with me. And I shall make suche a meane vnto the Brytons that ye shall be made kynge.

¶Of Constance that was kynge Con∣stantynes sone / that was a monke atte Wynchestre / and how he was made kyn¦ge after his faders dethe thorugh coun∣seyll of Vortiger that was erle of West∣sex / for as moche as Aurilambros and Vter his two brethern were but yonge of aege. And Vortiger lete slee hym for to be kynge hymself.

THis Vortiger coūselled this Con¦stance so moche / tyll he forsoke his abbot & wente with hym. And ano∣ne after he was crowned kynge by thas∣sent of the Brytons. This kynge Con∣stance whan he was crowned & made kynge / he wyst ne knewe but lytell of y^• worlde ne coude nothyng what knyght∣hode axed. And he made Vortiger his chyef mayster & coūseyller / & gaaf hym all his power / for to ordeyne & do as mo¦che as to the reame aperteyned. So that hymself nothynge entremedled / but oon¦ly bare the name of kynge. Whan Vor∣tiger sawe that he had all the londe in his warde & gouernall / he thought a pre¦uy treason to slee Constance the kynge / that he myght hymself be crowned and made kynge & regne. And lete sende af∣ter an hondred knyghtes of Pehites / the worthyest of all the londe / & them helde with hym for to dwelle / as to be kepers of his body / as he wolde go thorugh the londe to ordeyne thynges that appertey¦ned to a kyng. And this Vortiger honou¦red so moche the hondred knyghtes & so moche yaue them of golde & syluer / and so ryche Iewelles / robes / horses / & other thynges plentee / wherfore they helde hȳ more lorde than they dyd the kyng. And Vortiger tolde them / yf he myght be kȳ¦ge / ye as it were thrugh treason / he wol∣de make them rychest of the londe. Soo at the last thrugh grete gyftes y^• he had gyuen largely / they cryed thrugh y^• cour¦te that Vortiger were better worthy to be kyng than Constance. Wherfore Vor¦tiger made semblaunt as he hadde ben wroth. And he departed thens from the court / & sayd he must go elles where for thynges that he hadde to do. And so the traytour sayd for by cause that they shol¦de slee hym / that is to saye Constance. ¶Whad this Vortiger was gone / it be∣fell soone after / that tho hondred knygh¦tes of Pehites brake the doores of y^• kyn¦ges chambre and there they hym slewe / and smote of his heed & bare it to Vorti¦ger there that he dwelled. And so whan Vortiger sawe that heed / he wepte full tenderly with his eyen / and neuertheles he was somdeale gladde in his herte of his deth. ¶And anone this Vortiger to¦ke those hondred knyghtes of Pehites / & badde his seruauntes bynde theyr hon¦des behynde them / & ladde them to Lon¦don / and there they were dampned vnto deth as fals traytours. And anone after all the Brytons of the londe by the co∣myn assente crowned Vortiger & made hym kynge of the londe.

¶Anno dm̄ .C.lxxiiij.

SOther a martyr was pope after Anicetū .ix. yere y^• whiche decreed that a Nōne tholde not touche the palle of y^• awter / nor put in sence therto. And y^• she sholde were a wymple aboute her heed. And many perylles he sawe about matrymony. Therfore he ordeyned y^• no woman sholde be called a leful wyf / but yf she were blessyd of the preest. ¶Elen¦therus a martyr was pope after Sother xv. yere / the whiche ordeyned y^• crysten men sholde refuse no meete resonable y^• was mānes mete (Nota) ¶Also that no man vnaccused in a cryme / sholde be put from his dygnytee or degree tyll he were conuycted / thorugh ensample of Cryst the whiche kepte styll Iudas Sca¦ryoth not accused / & Cryste knewe hym gylty. And what someuer he dyd amon¦ge the apostles for the dygnyte of his ser¦uyce abode ferme & stable. And he sente also Legates vnto Lucie the kynge of Brytayne / the whiche baptysed hym & his people. And Fagus & Domianus le¦gates / the whiche the pope sente fyrste / preched in Englonde / and this crysten∣dome dured in Brytayne two hondred

yere / vnto the tyme of Dyodesian the Emperour whan saynt Albon was mar¦tred. ¶Marcus Anthonius / & Luci{us} Co¦modus were Emperours / but Marcus ••eyed anone / & Lucius Comodus reg∣ned. Comodus was called prouffytable of scorne / for he was to euery man vn∣prouffytable. He was yeuen vtterly to le¦chery. Many Senatours & Crysten men he made to be slayne. He dampned his owne wyf to deth for aege. He deyed a so∣deyne deth w^t struglynge amonge may∣dens. ¶Helius Pertinax after this man was Emperour .vi. monethes / and was a man of grete discrecyon / whome Iuli∣an the grete lawer slewe. And he entred the Empyre / & was slayne the .vij. mo∣nethe of Seuerus. ¶Victor a martyr was pope after Elenthertū .x. yere. And for the dyscorde of the paschall tyme he called a coūsell in Alexander / where he was prescute that tyme / & many other / Where he decreed that Eester daye shol¦de be kept on the Sondaye / but he must kepe the chaūge of the moone of Apryll and that was to dyfferre fro Iewes / for many bysshops of the rest abode that ty¦me / the same daye that the yewes dyde halowe that feest. ¶Also he ordeyned y^• in the tyme of nede / childern myght be crystened in euery place / & in euery wa∣ter. ¶Zepherinus a martyr & a Romay¦ne was pope after Victor .ix. yere. This man ordeyned that Crysten people of xij. yere of aege & aboue / sholde receyue his god on Eester daye ones oo yere. Al∣so he ordeyned that all the vessels of the awter sholde be glasseor tynne / and not tree / as in olde tyme the consecracion of the gloryons blood was made in tree ves¦sell. And this tyme past / & the worshyp of the chirche grewe / & glasen vessell we¦re forhode (Vt patet de conse. de pri. ca.) ¶Origenes the noble clerke was this ty¦me / & he wrote so moche / that saynt Ie∣rom sayd I haue redde of Origenes wer¦••es .••••s iiij. thousande volumes without pys∣cles. He translated the Byble from He∣brewe in to Greke / & dyde many other grete thynges. And of this Origenes / Sampson. Salomon / & Tratan / is a grete questyon amonge doctours yf that they ben dampned or saued. Therfore those thynges y^• without peryll we ben not boūde to knowe / nor y^• chirche is not certifyed of them. And therfor lete them be alonly cōmytted vnto god. ¶Cali••{us} a martyr & a Romayne was pope after Zepherin{us} .v. yere / & he ordeyned the Ci∣miteri (in via apia) where many a thou sande martyr is buryed. ¶Also he ordey¦ned the feest of the Emerynge dayes to be kept. ¶Anthoni{us} Aurelius was Em¦perour .iij. yere. And this man lacked no kynde of lechery / & at the laste he was slayne amonge a greate multytude of peple / for his myscheuous lyurnge. An¦thoni{us} Marcus regned after hym .vij. ye¦re. This man lyued bostynatly 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ther∣fore he was slayne as was his predeces∣sour. ¶Alisander was Emperour after Anthoni{us} & regned .xiij. yere. This man at the Instaunce of his moder a crysten woman & the techynge of Origenes the whiche came to Rome to co••••trte her / was made soo good vnto crysten men y^• he suffred them to haue ther coūseylles & theyr prayers by themself / but neuer∣theles in this tyme the cursyd off yeers of hym made many martyrs.

¶Anno dm̄. CC .xliiij.

TRbanus was pope after Cali••••{us} .viij. yere / and olde & yonge he was very vertuous. And all the halowed vesselles of the chirche he made of golde or syluer. This man lefte his popechede & wente to Agrippa and .xi. thousande virgyns with hym. And the clergy sayd he lefte not his dygnytee for holynesse / but for appetyte of tho virgyns / & was∣te hym not in the booke of popes. And there he a virgyn was martred w^t those

virgyns. ¶Poncianus a martyr succe∣ded Vrban{us}. And he ordeyned y^• psalmes sholde be sayd daye & nyght in the chir∣che of god. And that a preest sholde saye Confiteor afore the masse. ¶Anteros a martyr was pope after this man / this man ordeyned y^• a bysshop myght be re∣meued from one vnto an other. And he made the lyfe of martyrs to be wryten. And he was slayne & buryed in the Ci∣mitery of saynt Calixt. ¶Maximianus was chosen Emperour at Maguncia of the hoste / & not by the Senatours / & reg¦ned thre yere / and destroyed the chirche myghtely / and was slayne for Origene ¶Gordian regned after hym .vi. yere & of hym is lytell wryten / but he was slayne (Hijs die{bus} Celus dux Colchestrie in asclepto regnat in britānia ānts qua∣si. xxx. vs{que} ad aduentū Constancij. La∣ti M vacat) ¶Phylyp was Emperour after hym / & this Phylyp chose to hym Phylyp his sone / & they regned .xvij. ye∣re / & were the fyrste Emperours y^• were crystened / and after slayne of the hoste / They bequeued all ther tresour in ther deth / that it sholde be disposed to poore men. And saynt Laurence at the assyg∣nacyon of his mayster the pope / depar∣ted this tresour about Rome / the whiche was grete cause of his martyrdom (Vt quidē dicūt) ¶Decius was Emperour thre yere / & in all thynges a tyraūt. For he entred thempyre whan he & the hoste had slayne the two Philyppes his lordes & after y^• he was slayne with his sone. ¶Fabian{us} a martyr & a Romayne was pope after Anteros .xij. yere / this was a very holy man. For whan Crysten men stode to abyde the eleccyon of the pope / sodenly a whyte douue or a culuour des∣cended on his heed / sayenge vnto hym / thou shalt be pope of Rome. This man ordeyned euery yere y^• Creme sholde be halowed vpon Sherethursdaye. Also he deuyded regyons to deakens / the whiche sholde wryte the lyf of martyrs. And at the last Decius slewe hym. ¶Cornethus a martyr & Romayne was pope after Fabian{us} .iij. yere. This man toke vp the bodyes of Peter & Poul / & with grete ho¦nour put them in worshypfull places w^t beata Lucina. ¶Lucius was pope after Cornelius thre yere / & of hym lytell is wryten. ¶Gallus w^t his sone Volucia∣nus were Emperours two yere / & they fought with Emilianus / & were slayne And Emilian{us} the thyrde moneth was slayne. ¶Valerian was Emperour with his sone Galyene .xv. yere. This man was vertuous & manly in the begynnyn¦ge / but after was gyuen to vyce / & mo∣che wretchednesse. And so was his sone Galiene. This Valerian wente vnto y^• londe of Perse. And therfore the greate blood of martyrs whiche he had shedde was taken of the kynge of Perse. And whan he had take hym / he put out both his eyen & kepte hym in grete bondage. And to this entente he kepte hym / that whan so euer he sholde ryde / this Vale∣rian sholde lye downe / & he sholde sette his feet vpon his backe whan he wolde take his horse. This herde Galiene his ••one y^• was lefte at Rome. And that cau¦sed hym that he was not so cruell ayenst Crysten men. ¶And here was the .viij. persecucyon of the chirche made by the Emperour. And made the Romayns to lese ther kyngdomes / the whiche were ne¦uer recouered ayen to the Emperoure / And generall pestylence was thrugh out all the worlde for ther trespasse. ¶Ste∣phanus a martyr after Lucius was po∣pe .iij. yere / this man ordeyned y^• no man sholde vse none halowed clothes but to the worshyp of god. ¶Sixtus a martyr & a Romayne was pope after Stepha∣nus two yere. This man ordeyned that the masse sholde be sayd vpon an awter the whiche afore was not / & thenne he deyed. ¶Dyonisi{us} a Romayne was po¦pe after hym two yere. This man deuy¦ded parysshes & chircheyardes / & assy••∣ned

to chirches certen preestes. ¶Felix a martyr was pope after Dyonisius two yere. He ordeyned that for the memorye of martyrs masses sholde be sayd. Also he ordeyned the Dedycacyon of the chir¦che euery yere sholde he sayd. ¶Claudi{us} was Emperour after Valerian / this em¦perour subdued Gothas nobly / & then̄e he dyssessed.

¶Anno dm̄ .CC.lxxiiij.

EVticianus a martyr was pope af¦ter Felix .viij. yere. This man or∣deyned y^e corne & beenes shold be blessyd on the awter. And he buryed. CCC. &. xliiij. martyrs with his owne hondes / ¶ Aurelius was Emperour after Clau¦dius .v. yere / this Aureli{us} fyrst to crysten men was gentyll / wherfore he had the victory in euery place gloryously. And whan he was desceyued by cursyd men / & pursewed crysten men myghtly / & na¦mely in Fraūce / for there he abode / & af¦ter that he had neuer good fortune. But was slayne. And this was the nynth per¦secucyon of the chirche & crysten fayth / ¶ Tacitus was Emperour after this man / & he regned but thre monethes & was slayne in Ponto. ¶Probus was Emperour after hym .v. yere & .iiij. mo¦nethes. This man recouered Fraunce a∣yen / the whiche was occupyed with Bar¦baryk men. And he yaue them & Panno¦nias lycence to haue vyne yerdes. And whan he had almoost all thynges well in peas he sayd. Knyghtes within a ly∣tell tyme shall not be necessary / & anone after he was slayne at Sirmiū. ¶Ca∣rus & his two sones Carmus & Numeri¦an{us} were Emperours after Probus / but soone were they dyed / & theyr fader was drowned / & the two sones were slayne / all these thre regned but .ij. yere. ¶Dyo∣clesian & Maximian came after these thre Emperours / tho one regned in the Eest / and the other in the Weste. The fyrste thynge that Dyoclesian dyde / he brente all the crysten mennes bokes that myght be founde. The two tyrauntes dyde more harme to Crysten men than euer dyde ony other. For .x. yere lasted the persecucyon. And as we rede / within .xxx. dayes .xx. thousande men were slay∣ne for Crystis sake. And in Englonde all fayth was almoost destroyed in that tyme of Maximian. ¶Gatus was pope after Euticianus / this man ordeyned y^• no man sholde accuse a bysshop or an o∣ther clerke to ony seculer Iuge. And that a pagon or an heretyke sholde not accu∣se a crysten man. Also he ordeyned that he that was worthy sholde ascende gree by gree to his ordre / fyrste Benet / than Colet / subdeacon / deacon / & than preest. And at the laste he was martred vnder Dyoclesian. ¶Arcellin{us} a martyr was pope after Gaius .xi. yere and .iiij mo¦nethes. This man was persecuted sor••∣for drede of dethe he offred thir cornes of incense to the sacrifyce of the ydolles And afterwarde he openly repented & suffred the payne of deth for the fayth of the chirche of god. His body laye vn∣buryed thre dayes for drede of the curse of god. And after thorugh auysyon of saynt Peter & Marcell / he was buryed at saynt Peters foot. ¶Marcellus was pope after Marcellmus .v. yere. This man ordeyned that a generall counseyll myght not be ordeyned without the au∣ctoryte of the pope (Vt pʐ .xvij. di. c. sino∣dū) ¶Also he chose .xv. Cardynalles in the cyte to burye crysten men. At the last whan he had{is} kepte beestes longe tyme in a house closed in with them by the cō¦maundement of Maximian / be deyed for faute. ¶Eusebius a martyr was af¦ter this man two monethes & certayne dayes. This man of a laye man was made pope / & he ordeyned that no laye man sholde accuse his bysshop but yf he wente fro his fayth (vt pʐ .ij. ix. vij. c. la••¦cos) ¶Nota. ¶This tyme saynt

Albon was martred in Brytayne. This Albon whan he was a pagan / he lodged a certayne man / the whiche conuerted hym to the fayth / and after was Iuged vnto deth. And moche people he torned vnto our lorde / that were nygh the wa∣ter / the whiche he made drye thrugh his praeyr. And he suffred deth nygh the cy¦te of Verelom (Vide plura in vita san∣cti Albam) ¶Melchiades a martyr suc¦ceded Eusebi{us} .iiij. yere. This man for∣bode that men sholde faste ou Sondaye or on Thursdaye in so moche as paga∣nes faste on those dayes. At the laste he was martred as alle his predecessours were. ¶And vnderstonde ye that there were .xxxiij. popes of Rome martred e∣che one after other. Peter was the fyrst / and this Melchiades was the last. And thenne it was laudable after Gregory / a man to desyre a bysshopryche. ¶Ga∣lerus was Emperour after Dyoclesian two yere / and an other with hym called Constancius. So was the Empyre in those dayes deuyded. This Constanci∣us after he had conquered all spayne / he came in to grete Brytayne / and the∣re he wedded a kynges doughter on who¦me he gate grete Constantyne. And this same Constancius deyed in Brytayne / and lyeth at Yorke / as Martyne sayth in his Cronycles / and lefte on lyue Con¦stantyne that was goten on Eleyne / and was kynge of Brytayne & of Fraunce.

¶Circa annū dm̄. CCC. viij.

SIluester was pope after Melchia¦des. This was a gloryous Con∣fessour / and many wayes he worshyped the chirche of god / what in wrytynge / what in myracles. He receyued the pa∣trymony of saynt Peter. That is for to saye / the kyngdome of Ytalye with the cyte of Rome / of Constantynople the Emperour / and to the worshyp of the hole vnyuersall chirche of god he torned it. He baptysed Eleyne and the Iewes / and thenne he decessyd an holy Confes∣sour. ¶Constantyne the myghty was Emperour this tyme. This Constanty¦ne was a gloryous man and a victory∣ous in bataylle. In gouernynge of the comyn people he was very wyse. And in the necessyte of the byleue he was with∣out compayre. Deuoute. His pyte and his holynes ben so wryten in the bokes of holy doctours / that without doube / he is to be nombred amonge Sayntes. And the Grekes saye / that in the ende of his lyf he was made a monke. And more ye may here of hym in the Crony∣cles of Englonde. For he was kynge in Englonde. ¶Helena the quene moder to Constantyne repayred agayne the ho¦ly Crosse this tyme. And she made .ixx. Colleges / and she glorifyed the state of all holy chirche. ¶Nicholas bysshop of Myrree seete an holy man was this ty∣me. ¶Athanasius was this tyme bys∣shop in Alexandre a gloryous doctour / made the (symbalum Quicun{que} vult saluus esse. &••.) ¶Marcus was pope after Siluestes two yere and .viij. mo∣nethes / this man ordeyned y^e Crede shol¦de be openly songe in the chirche. And y^• the bysshop of Hostience sholde consecra¦te the pope / & y^• he sholde were a palle / ¶ Iulius was pope after Marcus .xi. ye¦re / this man was exiled .x. yere / & after suffred deth vnder Constantyne y^• secon¦de. ¶Constantin{us} w^t his two brethern regned .xxiiij. yere. And in his laste ende he was peruerted by the heresye of the Ariens by a bysshop called Eusebi. And he pursued the chirche of god strongely. The ende of this man was this. As he sholde god to Constantynople vnto a grete coūseyll / in the whiche coūseyll he thought to haue condempned the bys∣shop and the clerkes of true byleue / he wente before vnto a chambre to auoyde suche thyng{is} as nature requyred / & ano∣ne sodeynly his bowels felle from hym / and

therby was deed as ye now here. ¶Liberius was pope after Iulius .xix. yere & .vij. monethes. Thenne was the se¦conde dyscorde of y^e chirche bytwene Li∣beri{us} & Felix / for the heresye of y^• Ariens the whiche fauoured Liberius. Thenne Constancius themperour called ayen Li¦berius from his exile / by cause he fauou¦red this heresye. And the chirche deieced Liberius & toke Felix for pope / & the o∣ther was expulsed as an heretyke of the chirche. But Felix obteyned not / for the Emperour put in Liberius & expulsed Felix. ¶Felix was pope after the dethe of this Liberius. And he declared Con∣stancius the Emperour an heretyke / & anone after he was martred. ¶And he∣re was the fyrst that euer the chirche of Rome had an Infamed pope. For alle the predecessours of this Libertus were sayntes & yaue holy ensamples. ¶Iuli∣anus Apostata was after Constancius Emperour two yere & .viij. monethes / He was called Apostata / for he fledde this Constanci{us} / whiche slewe his bro∣ther. And for fere of deth was made a crysten man & a monke. But afterwar∣de by the coūseyll of Nygromancers / he asked y^• deuyll whether he sholde be Em¦perour or not. The deuyll sayd that he sholde be Emperour vpon a condicyon that he sholde forsake his crysten fayth and be viter enmye to crysten men. And so he dyde. For he yaue leue to the Iewes that they sholde buylde ayen the Tem∣ple in spyte of the crysten men. And he toke al the goodes that crysten man had and destroyed many of them. ¶Iomi∣nianus was Emperour after hym .viij. monethes. For whan Iulianus was deed the hoste chose hym Emperour. And he was a crysten man. And he sayd it was not leyffull to a crysten man to be lorde ouer so many hethen people. They an∣swered and sayd. Rather than he sholde forsake the Empyre they wolde he cry∣stened. And thus toke he the dygnyter. But soone he was deed / and in a mer∣uayllous maner. For he was layde in a close hous after his Iourneye made all of stone / newely whyted with lyme / in the whiche they made to his comforte as they thought a fyre of char••oole. And of the ayre of these two in the morowe he was founde deed. ¶Valentinian with his brother Valent was Emperour af∣ter. Iominianus .xi. yere. For he depar∣ted the Empyre / & gaue his brother the eest / and kepte hymselfe the west parte / This Valentinian was a lorde with Iu¦lianus Apostata. And it happed hym on a tyme for to goo in a Temple of false goddes for to do sacrifyce. And myny∣stres stode there with water halowed af∣ter the gyse with the whiche they shyn∣kled the lordes. This Valentinian smo∣te the mynyster that cast the water vpon hym & sayd. He was rather defoyled by it than clensed. For this Iulianus dyde exile hym. But our lorde god for his o∣pen confessyon of his name rewarded hym with the Empyre. His brother Va¦lent fell in to the opynyon of the Ariens and deyed in that heresye. This same Valent lyued foure yere after Valenti∣nian w^t Gracian themperour. ¶This tyme lyued saynt Ambrose.

¶Anno dm̄. CCC .xliiij.

DAmacius was pope after Felix xviij. yere & two monethes / this was an eloquent man in meter. And he wrote many storyes of popes & martyrs He ordeyned that Gloria patri sholde he sayd in y^e endes of the psalmes. And that was at the prayer of saynt Ierom. And thrugh the mocyon of this pope Ie¦rome translated the Byble from Hebre∣we in to Latyn / & thenne he decssed a cō¦fessour. ¶Valens with Gracian & Va∣lentinian were Emperours foure yere / In this tyme were chirches opened ayen and crysten men had leue to renewe the

seruyce of god that was defended afore with Emperours enfected with heresye as was Valens & other / wherfore y^e chir¦che had no lyberte whan Valens was on lyue. ¶A Synodus of a hondred and .l. bysshops were gadred vnder Damasi{us} pope at Constantynope ayenst Mace∣donium an heretyke / the whiche denyed the holy ghost to be very god. And then̄e was the Crede made / that is songe on holy dayes in the chirche. ¶Augustinus a Cartaginen̄ of Affrica was this tyme He was as noble a Rethoricien as mygh¦te be. And in all phylosophye & poetrye incomparable. And all thynge that ony phylosopher foūde in his yougth / he vn¦derstode with lytell labour. And aboute this tyme he was sente to Mediolanum where he was torned anone of saynt Am¦brose & baptysed. This man grewe vn∣to a noble doctour of y^e chirche. And not longe after that he was bysshop of Ypo¦nen̄. And there he lyued .liij. yere / & mo∣che dyuynyte he wrote (vt patet in libris¦suis) ¶Siriti{us} was pope after Dama∣sius. xv. yere / he dampned heretykes / & lytell elles is wryten of hym. ¶Thodo∣sius sone to Gracian with Valentyne his vncle were Emperours .xxvij. yere / This man was a crysten man & gracy∣ous / & in gouernaūce lyke to Traian{us} / soone wrothe & anone reconsyled. This man on a daye whan he wolde haue go∣ne to haue herde masse / saynt Ambrose forbadde hym the entree of the chirche / tyll he had penaunce & made satysfac∣cyon for the sleenge of .xxx. knyghtes the whiche he slewe in angre at Constanty∣nople. Wherfore they made a lawe that the sentence of a prynce sholde be defer∣red. xxx. dayes of those y^• sholde do execu¦syon yf they myght falle in the grace of the prynce within the .xxx. days. ¶Abou¦te this tyme was a childe borne in the castell of Emons / from the nauyll and aboue deuyded in two bodyes / hauynge two heedes and two wyttes / so that the one slepynge or etynge / the other slepte not ne ete not. And whan they were two yere of aege / the one decessyd / and the o∣ther lyued thre dayes after. ¶Claudius poeta was this tyme. ¶Arcadius & Ho∣norius regned .xxx. yere. And in theyr ty∣me Rome was nere destroyed by a kyn∣ge called Alaticus. Of y^• whiche destruc¦cyon rose a grete blasphemye of the Ro¦mayns. For they sayd they fared neuer well sythen Cryste came to Rome / & be∣reued them ther goodes by the prechyng of Peter & Poul. And yet this Arcadi{us} subdued all his enmyes by the power of god / & shedde no blood. Ayenst this blas¦phemye saynt Austyn made y^• solempne werke / the whiche they calle (de ciuitate dei) ¶Honorius was Emperour with Theodosius his broders sone .xv. yere & he was a man of holy lyf. For two wy∣ues he had / & yet w^t bothe he deyed may∣den. He loued specyally the chirche & ha¦ted heretykes. ¶Ierom deyed this tyme at Bethleem the yere of his aege .lxxxi. ¶Sanctus Heracides the whiche wrote Vitas patrū to lapsū episcopū was this tyme. ¶Iohannes Crysostom{us} was exi¦led of Endochia the wyfe of Arcadius / & thrugh heete of the sonne he was deed ¶Anastasius was pope after Siritius thre yere. This man ordeyned that eue∣ry man sholde stande at the redynge of the holy gospell. And that he that was a maymed man sholde not be preest. ¶Innocencius was pope after Anasta¦sius / this man ordeyned that syke men sholde be anoynted with holy oyle. And at masse the kysse of peas to be yeuen / And he dampned Pelagyen an heretyke and many other thynges dyde (vt patet .xxvi. q. i.)

¶Anno dm̄ .CCCC.xiiij.

ZOzimus was pope after Inno∣cencius two yere & .viij. monethes This man ordeyned that clerkes shal∣de

be no tauerners ne selle no wyne / & that a bounde man sholde be made noo preest withoute the lycence of his lorde. ¶Bonifacius a Romayne was pope after Zozimus foure yere. This man or¦deyned that a woman sholde not touche the palle of the awter ne sholde not was she the awter. ¶Celestinus a Romayne was pope after Bonifacius .viij. yere & ix. dayes / the whiche ordeyned the psal∣me afore masse (Iudica me deus. &c̄.) And att the begynnynge of the masse sholde be sayd a verse of a psalme / and at the Grayle / and that the Offertorye sholde be sayd afore the sacrynge. This same man sente saynt Patryke to Irlon¦de to conuerte that londe / and Palladi{us} deaken of Rome to the Scottes to be conuerted. ¶And in the fourth yere of this man there was a generall Synody at Ephysina of thre hondred bysshops ayenst Nestorium an heretyke. ¶Theo∣dosius the yonger with Valentinian his neuewe regned .xxvij. yere. In his tyme was the feest ordeyned / whiche is called Aduincula sancti petri. And in his tyme deyed saynt Austyn / in the yere of his aege .lxxvi. And this tyme was reysed the .vij. slepers / the whiche sleped two hondred yeres. This man deyed at Con¦stātynople & there was buryed. ¶This tyme the Saxons entred Englonde / and anone by lytyll and lytell they gre∣we vp myghtely. And at the laste they opteyned all the londe. ¶Sixtus a Ro∣mayne was pope after Celestinus .viij. yere. This was a holy man and a meke And lytell of hym is wryten but that he buylded Sancta Maria maior. ¶Leo Tuscus a Confessour was pope after Sixtus. This man was as holy as ony man. Fyue tymes in a daye or more he wolde saye masse. And on a tyme after it befell whan a certayne woman kyssed his honde / he was tempted with her / And for the trespaas that he hadde do∣ne / vnto his penaunce he made his hon¦de to be stryken of. And whan the noyse rose vpon hym that he myght not saye masse as he was wonte to do / thenne he was ryght sory. And all oonly betoke hym in prayer to our lady to helpe hym And our lady restored hym his honde a∣yen and thenne he sayd masse as he was wonte for to doo. And soo that myrade was openly shewed to all people. And in the tyme of this pope. Marcian the Emperour beynge there / was congrega¦te at Calcedany the fourthe vnyuersall Synody of .vi. hondred and .xxx. bys∣shops agaynst Eusticem the abbot of Constantynopoliton and (Alterandruen episcopū. qui negauerunt in rp̄o ve••am carnem fuisse. et etiam negabant carnis nostre resurrectionem) ¶And after he had made many notable sermons & epy¦stles he decessed. ¶Marcianus and Va∣lentinianus were Emperours this ty∣me. vij. yere. In whose tyme was the gre¦te Synody afore reherced / whan Eusti∣cem & Dyoscorus were condempned.

IN the tyme that Marcianus was Emperour Vortiger was kynge in Brytayne now called Englonde. In whose tyme the Sarons came in to Bry¦tayne & made many kynges. That is to wyte as is playne by the Cronycles .vij. And by cause it is tedyous to mannes reason to reherce many dyuerse names togyder / as .vij. kynges of Englonde and in one tyme / the Emperours and Popes. Therfore the Cronycles of En∣glonde shall be sette togyder / tyll that we shall treate of Alured. In whose ty∣me the Danes came in to Englonde. And the Popes and the Emperours and other kynges in the same tyme shall be sette togyder.

¶Circa annū dm̄. CCCC .xlix.

¶How the wardeyns that had those chil¦dern to kepe that were Constantynes ladde theym to lytell Brytayne / for the treason & the falsenesse of Vortiger.

[illustration]

THis tyme came the Saxons that were pagans fyrst in to Brytay¦ne now called Englonde vnder Vorti∣ger the whiche was crowned kynge of this londe. ¶This tyme those that had these two childern in kepynge the which were Constantynes sones. That is to saye Aurilambros & Vter / thrugh ordy∣nance of Gosselin y^• was bysshop of Lon¦don after the faders deth / that is to saye Constantyne / durste not dwelle in this londe with those childern / but conueyed them vnto the kynge of lytell Brytayn For as moche as he tho wyst the treason of Vortiger / that tho was made kynge. Thorugh whome Constance the elder brother was slayne / wherfore the hon∣dred knyght{is} of Pehites were put to deth & bore all the blame / as y^• Vortiger had not wyst therof ne consented. And so the kepers of those two childern / dradde lest Vortiger sholde put them to deth thrugh his treason & falsenesse / as he had done the brother before. And therfore they we¦re ladde ouer in to lytell Brytayn / & the kyng them receyued with moche honour & lete them to nourysshe. And there they dwelled tyll they became fay•••• knyght{is} and stronge & fyers. And thought to be auenged vpon Constance theyr brother whan they sawe theyr tyme / & soo they dyde as ye shall here telle afterwarde. ¶It was not longe afterwarde that the tydynges came ouer see to the kyn∣rede of the hondred knyght{is} of Pehite•• that were dampned & put to deth thrugh Vortiger in this londe / therfore they we∣re wonderly wrothe and swore that they wolde be auenged of theyr kynnes mens deth. And came in to this londe with a grete power / and robbed in many pla∣ces / and slewe & dyde all the sorowe that they myght. Whan Vortiger it wyst / he made moche sorowe & was sore anoyed / And in an other place also tydynges ca¦me to hym / that Aurtlambros and Vter his brother assembled a grete hoste to co¦me into moche Brytayne / that is to say in to this londe / for to be auenged vpon Constance theyr brothers deth. Soo in that one half and in that other / he was brought in to soo moche sorowe that he ne wyst whether to go.

¶How Engist and an .xi. thousande men came in to this londe / to whome Vortiger yaa••e a place that is called Thongcastell.

ANd soone after this sorowe / ty∣dynges came to Vortiger that a grete nauy of straungers were arryued in y^• coūtree of Kent / he wyst not whens they were ne wherfore they were come in to this londe. ¶The kyng sent ano∣ne a messager thyder / that some of them sholde come & speke with hym / for to wyte what folke they were & what they axed / & in to what countree they wolde / ¶ There were two brethern maysters & prynces of that stronge company / that one was called Engist & y^t other Horne. Engist wente to the kynge & tolde hym the cause wherfore they were come in to this londe & sayd. Syr we ben of a coū∣tre y^t is called Saxonie / that is the londe of Germayne / wherin is so moche so∣rowe / y^• of the people ben so many that

the londe may not them susteyne. And the maysters and prynces that haue the londe to gouerne and rule. They made to come before them men and wymmen that boldest ben amonge theym for to fyght / and that best may trauayll in to dyuerse londes. And so they sholde them yeue horse & harneys / armour / and all thynge that them nedeth And after they shall saye to them / that they go in to an¦other countree where that they mowe ly¦ue / as theyr Auncetrees dyde them befo¦re. And therfore syr kynge / yf ye haue ought to do with our company / we ben comen in to your londe / and with good wyll you wolde serue and your londe ke¦pe helpe and defende from your enmyes yf that ye nede. ¶Whan Vortiger her∣de these tydynges / he sayd gladly he wol¦de theym withholde / vppon suche coue∣naunt / yf they myght delyuer his londe of his enmyes / he wolde yeue theym re∣sonable londes where they sholde dwelle for euer more. ¶Engist thanked hym goodly / and in this maner he and his company a .xi. thousande sholde dwelle with the kynge Vortiger. And moche they dyde thrugh theyr boldenesse / they delyuered his londe of his enmyes clene ¶Tho prayed Engist the kynge of so moche londe that he myght make to hȳ a cyte and for his meyne. ¶The kynge answered / it was not to do without the counseyll of Brytons. ¶Engist prayed hym eftsones of as moche place as he myght compace w^t a thonge of a skynne wherupon he myghte make a Maneer for hym to dwelle on. And the kynge hȳ graunted freely. ¶Tho toke Engist a bulles skynne / and kytte it as smale as he myght all in to ••o thonge all a roun∣de. And therwith compaced he as moche londe as he myght thenne make vpon a fayre castell. And so whan this castell was made / he lete calle it Thongcastell for as moche as the place was marked with a thonge.

¶Of Ronowen that was Engistes doughter / and how the kynge Vortiger spowsed her for her beaute.

SO whan this castell was made / & full well arayed. Engist pryue¦ly dyde sende by letter in to the countree where he came fro / after an hōdred shyp¦pes fylled with men that were stronge & & also well fyghtynge in all bataylles / And that they sholde also brynge with them Ronowen his doughter / that was the fayrest creature that a man myght see. ¶And whan those people were co∣me that he had sente after / he toke them in to the castell with moche Ioye. And hymself vpon a daye wente vnto y^• kyn¦ge / & prayed hym there worthely that he wolde come & see his newe maneer that he had made in the place y^• he had com∣passed with the thonge of the skynne ¶The kynge anone graūted hym free∣ly. And with hym wente thyder / & was well apayed with the castell & with the fayre werke / and togyder they ete & dran¦ke with moche Ioye. And whan nyght came that the kynge Vortiger sholde go in to his chambre to take there his nygh¦tes reste. Ronowen that was Engistes doughter came with a cuppe of golde in her honde / and kneled before the kynge and sayd to hym (Wassaylle) And the kynge knewe not what it was for to meane ne what he sholde answere there vpon / for as moche as hymself / ne none of all his Brytons coude noo engl••sshe speke ne vnderstonde it / but he spake in the same langage that Brytons done yet. Neuertheles a latiner tolde it to the kynge the full vnderstandynge therof / (Wasshayll) and that other sholde dryn¦ke (hayll) And that was the fyrst tyme that (wasshayll) and (drynkhayll) ca∣me vp in this londe. And from y^• tyme vnto this tyme / it is well vsed in this londe. ¶The kynge Vortiger sawe the fayrnesse of Ronowen / & his armes lay¦de

about her necke / & thryes swetely kys∣sed her / & anone ryght he was enamou∣red vpon her y^• he desyred to haue her to wyf / & asked of Engist her fader. And Engyst graunted hym vpon this coue∣naunt / y^• the kynge sholde yeue hym all the coūtree of Kent / that he there myght dwelle in & his people. The kyng hym graūted pryuely with a good wyll. And anone he spowsed the damoysell / & that was moche confusyon to hymself. And therfore all the Brytons became so wro¦the / for by cause he spowsed a woman of mysbyleue. Wherfore they wente all from hym / and no thynge to hym toke / ne halpe hym in thynge that he had to done.

¶How Vortimer that was Vortigers so¦ne was made kynge / & Engist dryuen out. And how Vortimer was slayne.

THis Engist wente in to Kente & seased all y^• londe in to his hon∣de for hym & for his men / & became with in a lytill whyle of so grete power / & so moche people had / y^t men wyst not in ly¦tell tyme whiche were the kyng{is} men & whiche were Engistes men. Wherfore all the Brytons had of hym drede / and sayd amonges theym. But yf y^• they ne toke other coūseyll bytwene them / all y^• londe sholde be bytrayed thrugh Engist & his people. ¶Vortiger the kynge had begoten on his fyrst wyf thre sones. The fyrst was called Vortimer. The seconde Catagien / & the thyrde Passent. ¶The Brytons euerychone by one assent cho∣se Vortimer to be theyr lorde & soueray∣ne / & coūseyler in euery batayll / & crow∣ned hym & made hym kynge / & wolde not suffre Vortiger no lenger to regne / for cause of the alyaūce betwixt Engist and hym. ¶The Brytons ordeyned a grete hoste to dryue out Engist and his company of the londe / & yaue hym thre bataylles. The fyrst was in Kente there he was lorde / the seconde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 at Te••••or¦de / and the thyrde in a shyre a this half Colchestre in a more. And in this batay¦le theym mette Catagien & Home En∣gistes brother / so that eche of theym sle∣we other. But for as moche as the coū∣tree was yeuen longe before to Horne thrugh Vortiger / tho he spowsed his co∣syn / there he made a fayre castell that is called Horncastell after his owne na∣me. And Vortimer was soo anoyed for his brothers deth / that anone he lete fell downe the castell to the groūde. And af∣ter he ne lefte nyght ne daye tyll he had dryuen out Engist and his people of the londe. And thenne Ronowen his dough¦ter made sorowe ynough. And quentely spake to them that were next the kynge Vortimer and pryuyest with hym. And so moche she gaue hym of gyftes / that he was enpoysened / and deyed at Lon∣don the fourth yere of his regne / & there he lyeth.

¶How the Brytons chose an other ty∣me Vortiger to be theyr kynge / and En¦gist came in to this londe / and how they fought togyders.

AFter Vortimers deth / the Bry∣tonr by theyr comyn assente eft soones made Vortiger theyr kyng vpon this couenaūt / y^• he sholdde neuer after suffre Engist ne none of his eft sones to come in to this londe. And whan all this was done. Ronowen the quene pryuely sente by letter to Engist y^• she had enpoy sened Vortimer / & y^• Vortiger her lorde bare ayen y^• crowne & regned. And that he sholde come ayen into this londe wel arayed with moche people for to auen∣ge hym vppon the Brytons / and for to wȳne this londe ayen. ¶And whan En¦gist herde these tydynges / he made gre∣te Ioye. And appareylled hym hastely with .xv. thousande men / y^• were dughty in euery batayll / & came in to this lon∣de.

¶And whan Vortiger herde tell that Engist was come ayen with a grete po¦wer in to this londe / he assembled his Brytons / & tho wente ayenst Engist for to ye••e hȳ batayll & his folke. But En∣gist dradde hym sore of the Brytons / for they had dryuen hym before & discomfy¦ted hym w^t strength. Wherfore this En∣gist prayed hȳ of a loue daye / & sayd he was not comen in to this londe for to fyght / but for to haue his londe ayen yf he myght accorde with the Brytons / & of them to haue loue & grace. The kyn¦ge Vortiger thrugh coūseyll of his Bry¦tons graūted hym a loue day. And thus it was ordeyned thrugh the Brytons / y^• the same daye sholde be holden fast besy¦de Salisbury vpon a hylle. And Engist sholde come thyder with foure hondred knyghtes without moo. And the kynge with as many of the wysest men of his londe. And at that daye the kynge came with his counseyll as it was ordeyned / But Engist had warned his knyghtes pryuely / & them cōmaunded that euery one of them sholde put a longe knyf in his hose. And whan he sayd Fayre syres now is tyme to speke of loue & peas eue¦ry man. Anone sholde drawe out his kny¦ue & slee a Bryton. And so they slewe a M .lxi. knyghtes / & with moche sorowe many of them escaped. And the kynge Vortiger there hymself tho was taken / & ladde to Thongcastell & put in pry∣son. And some of Engistes men wolde that the kynge had be ••ente all quycke And Vortiger tho for to haue his lyfe / graūted them as moche as they wolde axe / & yaue vp all the londe / townes / ca∣stelles / cytees / & borughs to Engyst and to his folke. And all the Brytons fledde thens in to Walys / and there they helde them styll. And Engist wente thorugh the londe and seased all the londe / with fra••••chyses. And in euery place lete cast a do••ne chirches & houses of Religyon And wasted and destroyed crystendome thrughout all this londe. And lete chaū∣ge the name of this londe called Brytay¦ne / that noo man of his were so hardy after that tyme to calle this londe Bry∣tayne / but calle it Engist londe. And thenne he departed all the londe to his men / and there made .vij. kynges for to strength y^• londe that the Brytons shol∣de neuer after come therin. ¶The fyr¦ste kyngdome was Kent / there that En∣gist hymself regned / and was lorde and mayster ouer all the other. ¶The other kynge had Southsex that now is called Chichestre. ¶The thyrde kynge hadde Westsex. ¶The fourth hadde Eestsere ¶The fyfth had Estangill / that now is calld Nortfolke. Southfolke. Merche merik / that is to saye / therldome of Ni∣choll. ¶The sixth had Leycheter shyre. Northampton shyre. Herforde / & Hun∣tyngdon. ¶The seuenth had Orenfor∣de. Glouchestre. Wynchestre. Werwyke. and Derby shyre.

¶How that Vortiger went in to Walys and beganne there a castell that wolde not stande without morter tempred with blood.

AS Engist had departed all the lond in this maner bytwene his men / & delyuered Vortiger out of pryson & sufffed hym freely to go whyther that he wolde. And he toke his waye & went in to Walys there y^• his Brytons dwel∣led / for as moche as y^• londe was stronge & wycked to wynne. And Engist neuer came there ne neuer knewe it before that londe. ¶Vortiger helde hym there with his Brytons / and a••••d counseyll what hym was best to do. And they yaue hym counseyll to make a stronge castell that he myght hymself there in kepe and de¦fende yf nede where. Masons in hast tho were fette / & began to werke vpon the hylle of Breigh / but certes thus it befell that all the werke y^• the masons made

a daye / downe it felle the nyght / & they wyst not what it myght be. Therof the kynge was sore anoyed of that chaūce & wyst not what to do. Wherfore he lete sende after the wysest clerkes & also ler∣ned men than were thorugh out Walys that myght be founde / for they sholde telle wherfore the foūdament so fayled vnder the werke / & that they sholde hym tell what was best for to do. And whan these wyse men longe tyme had studyed they sayd to the kyng / that he sholde do seke a childe borne of a woman that ne∣uer had with man to do. And that chil∣de sholde be slayne / and tempre with his blood the morter of the werke. And soo sholde the werke euer endure withouten ende.

¶How the kynge lete seke Merlyn tho∣rugh out all Walys / for to speke w^t hym

AS the kynge herde this / he cō∣maunded his messagers anone to go thrugh out Walys to seke y^• childe yf they myght hym fynde / & that they sholde hym brynge forth with them vn∣to hym. And in recorde & in wytnesse of this kynge he had take them his letters that they ne were distroubled of no man ne lette. And tho the messengers wente thens / & spedde so fast y^• they came in to a towne that was called Carmardyne / And as they passed forth ther waye they foūde two children of .xxilij. yere of aege chidynge togyder w^t hasty wordes. And one of them sayd to that other. Donebat sayd he ye do all wronge to chyde or stry¦ue with me for ye haue no wytte ne no reason as I haue. Certes Merlyn sayd he / of your wytte ne your reason I ma∣ke no force. For men telle comynly that ye haue nothynge of god almyghty syth ye had neuer fader / but euery man kno∣weth who was your moder. ¶The mes¦sengers of y^• kynge Vortiger whan they herde the stryue betwixt the two gromes they axed of them that stode besyde them whens that Merlyn was borne / & also whome hym nourysshed. And the folke them tolde / that a grete gentyll woman hym bare in Carmardyne that was cal¦led Adhan. But neuer myght no man wyte who was his fader. ¶Whan the kynges messengers herde these tydynges they went anone to hym y^• was Wardey ne of y^• towne & tolde hȳ the kyng{is} wyll & shewed hȳ his letter wherfore they we¦re come thyder. ¶Merlyn & his moder were fetched before y^• Wardeyne of the towne. And he cōmaunded them y^• they sholde go to the kynge as it was ordey∣ned by his messengers. ¶Merlyn & his moder wente thens & came vnto y^• kyng & there they were receyued w^t moche ho¦nour. And the kynge axed of y^• lady yf that childe were her sone & whome hym begate. The lady answered full tender∣ly wepynge & sayd. She neuer had com¦pany of worldly man. But syr sayd she As I was a yonge mayden in my faders chambre / & other of grete lygnage were in my company / that oftentymes went to playe & solace. I be lefte alone in my chambre / & wolde not go forth for bren¦nynge of the sonne. And on a tyme there came a fayre bacheler & entred in my chambre there y^• I was alone. But how he came in to me / & where. I wyst it ne∣uer / ne yet knowe I not. For y^• doores we¦re fast barred & with me he dyde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of loue. For I ne had myght ne power / hym to defende from me. And often he came vnto me in the forsayd maner / so that he begate this childe. But neuer myght I wyte what he was.

¶Of the answere of Merlyn wherfore the kyng axed why his castel myght not stonde that he had begonne ne pro••e.

SO whan Merlyn had herde all that his moder had sayd. He spa¦ke to the kynge in this 〈◊〉〈◊〉. ¶〈◊〉〈◊〉

how I was begoten / axe ye no more. For it falleth not to you / ne to none other to wyte. But telle me the cause wherfore I am to you brought and wherfore ye ha∣ue sente after me. ¶Truely sayd y^• kyn¦ge / my wyse counseyllers haue done me to vnderstonde / that the morter of a wer¦ke that I haue begonne / behoueth to be tempred with your blood / or the funda∣ment shall fayle for euer more. ¶Syre sayd Merlyn. Wyll ye slee me for my blood to tempre with your mortere. Ye sayd the kynge / or elles my castell shall neuer stande as my counseyllers doo me to vnderstonde. Tho answered Merlyn to the kynge. Syr he sayd / lete them co∣me before me those wyse counseyllers / & I woll preue that they sayen not well ne truly. And whan the wyse men were comen. Merlyn axed yf his blood were the cause to make this werke to stonde and endure. All tho wyse men were abas¦shed & coude not answere. Merlyn tho sayd to the kynge. Syr I shall tell you the cause wherfore your werke thus fay∣leth and may not stande. There is vn∣der the mountayne there that ye haue buylded your toure a grete ponde of wa¦ter / and in the botome of the ponde vn∣der the water there ben two dragons / & that one is whyte / and that other reede / that fyght togyder ayenst your werke / Do ye myne depe tyll your men come to the ponde / and cause your men to take awaye the water all out / and thenne ye shall see the dragons as I haue you tol∣lde / that togyder fyght ayenst your wer∣ke / and this is the cause wherfore your fundament fayleth. The kynge anone lete dygge vnder tyll that men came to the ponde / and lete do awaye the water / and there they founde two dragons as Merlyn had tolde them y^• egerly fought togyder. The whyte dragon egerly as∣sayled the reede / and layde on hym soo strongely that he myght not endure / but withdrewe hym and rested in the same ca••e. And whan he had a whyle rested hym / he wente before and assayled the reede dragon angrely / and helde hym so sore that he myght not ayenst hym endu¦re / but withdrewe hym and rested. And after came ayen the whyte dragon and strongely fought with the reede dragon. and bote hym euyll and hym ouercame. that he fledde from thens and nomore came agayne.

¶Of the sygnyfycacyon of those two dragons that were in the botome of the ponde that fought togyder.

THis kyng Vortiger and his men that sawe this batayll had gre∣te meruayle / and prayed Merlyn to tell hym what it myght betoken. Syr quod Merlyn I shall telle you. The reede dra¦gon betokeneth yourself / and the whyte betokeneth the folke of Saxon that fyr∣ste ye toke and helde in your londe that fyght ayenst you / and you haue dryuen and enchaced. ¶But Brytons of your lygnage ouercame them & droue them awaye And sythen at the comynge ayen of the Saxons they recouered this lon∣de and helde it for euer more. And droue out the Brytons and dyde with this lon¦de all theyr wyll / and destroyed crysten∣dome thrugh out this londe. Ye had fyr∣ste grete Ioye with theyr comynge / but now it is corned to you grete damage & sorowe. For tho two brethern of Con∣stance that was kynge the whiche ye le∣te slee shall come before a quinzeme pas¦sed with a grete power from lytell Bry¦tayne / & shall auenge the deth of theyr brother. And they shall brenne you fyrst with sorowe / and after they shall slee a grete parte of Saxons / and shall dryue out all the remenaunt of the londe. And therfore abyde ye here no lenger to ma∣ke castell nor other werke. But anone go elles where your lyues all for to saue To god I you betake / trouthe I haue

sayd to you of thynges that shall befall ¶And vnderstande ye well that Auri∣lambros shall be kynge. But he shall be enpoysoned / & lytell tyme shall he regne

¶Of kynge Aurilambros how that he pursewed Vortiger & Engist / and how they deyed.

MErlyn and his moder departed from the kynge / and torned a∣gayne to Carmardyn. And soone after tydynges came to the Brytons that Au¦rilambros and Vter his brother were ar¦ryued at Totuesse with a greate hoste / And anone y^• Brytons assembled them and wente to receyue Aurilambros and Vter with grete noblesse. And had them vnto London / and crowned Aurilam∣bros and made hym kynge / and dyde vnto hym homage. And anone he axed where Vortiger that was kynge myght be founde / for he wolde be auenged on his brothers dethe / and after he wolde warre vppon paynems. And they tolde hym that Vortiger was in Walys / and so they ladde hym thytherwarde. ¶Vor¦tiger wyst well that tho brethern came hym to conquere / and fledde thens in to a castell that was called Gerneth that stode vppon an hyghe mountayrie / and there hym helde. Aurilambros and Vter his brother and theyr folke had besye∣ged the castell full longe tyme / for the castell was stronge and well arrayed. ¶So at the laste they casted wylde fyre and brent houses and men and all theyr araye / and as moche as was within the castell. So that Vortiger was brente a∣monge all other / and soo he deyed with moche sorowe. ¶Tho was Engist in Kente and regned there / and herde this tydynges / and anone fledde and wolde haue gone in to Scotlonde for to haue had socoure. But Aurilambros and his men mette with hym in the north coun∣tree and yaue hym batayll. And Engist and his men defended whyles that they myght. But he and his folke were dys∣comfyted and slayne. And Octa his so∣ne fledde vnto Yorke. And Aurilambros hym folowed egrely. And Octa a lytell whyle withstode hym. But afterwarde he put hym to his mercy. And Aurilam¦bros receyued hym / and to hym and to his men gaaf the countree of Galeway in Scotlonde / and there they dwelled / ¶ The kynge Aurilambros wente tho∣rugh out the londe / and put awaye the name of Engistlonde / that Engist af∣ter his name had called it before. Tho lete he it calle agayne grete Brytayne / and lete make ayen chirches / houses of relygyon / castelles / cytees / and borughs▪ and townes that the Saxons hadde de∣stroyed. And came to London / and lete make the walles of the cyte / whiche En¦gist and his folke hadde caste downe / ¶ The Brytons ladde hym vnto the mount of Ambriam that somtyme was an hous of relygyon / that tho was de∣stroyed thrugh the paynems. ¶Wherof a knyght that was called Ambri some tyme was founder of that house. And therfore the same hylle was called the mounte of Ambrian. And after it was called Ambresbury. And shall be so for euer more.

¶How Aurilambros dyde redresse the londe of greate Brytayne / that whiche was dstroyed thorugh the Saxons be∣fore sayd.

HOw the kynge Aurilambros le∣te amende and redresse the house of Ambresbury / and there in put mon∣kes. But now there ben Nonnes a ly∣tell fro the place that was called Sa∣lysbury / are that the Saxons slewe the Brytons / where Engist and they sholde haue made a loue daye. In the whiche tyme were slayne a thousande knygh∣tes .lxi. thrugh treason of Engist. The

kynge therof had grete pyte & thought to make in mynde of them a monumēt of stone y^• myght endure to the worldes ende. And of this thynge they toke ther coūseyll what therof was best for to do / ¶ Tho spake to the kynge the bysshop of London y^• was called Ternekyn y^• he sholde requyre after Merlyn. For he cou¦de best tell how this thynge myght best be made. And Merlyn after was sought and foūde & came to y^• kynge. And the kynge tolde hym his wyll of the monu∣ment y^t he wolde haue made. Merlyn an¦swered to the kynge & sayd. There ben grete stones in Irlonde / & longe vpon the hylle of Kyan y^• men called Gyauntes karoll. And yf they were in this place as they ben there / they wolde endure for e∣uer more in remēbraūce of those knygh∣tes that here be entyred. ¶Per may foy sayd the kyng As harde stone ben in my londe as in Irlonde. ¶Soth sayd Mer∣lyn. but in all your londe ben none suche For gyauntes sette them for grete good of themself. For at euery tyme that they were woūde or in ony maner hurte / they wysshe the stones with hote water / and thenne they wysshe them therwith & a∣none they were hoole.

¶How the Brytons wente for to seke the grete stones in Irlonde.

ASsoone as the Brytons had her¦de of this thynge / they yede and swore amonge them they wolde go seke those stones. And toke w^t them Vter the kynges brod{er} to be chyef capitayne & .v. thousande men / & Merlyn coūselled thē for to go vnto Iolonde & so they dyde / And whan the kynge of Irlonde y^• was called Guillomer herde telle that straū¦gers were arryued in his londe / he assem¦bled a grete power & fought ayenst them But he & his folke were dyscomfyted / ¶ The Brytons wente before tyll they came to the mount of Kyan / & clȳmed vp vnto the mount. But whan they sa∣we the stones & the maner how they sto¦de / they had grete meruaylle & sayd by∣twene themselfe / that noo man sholde them remeue for no strength ne engyne so grete they were & so longr. But Mer¦lyn thrugh his crafte he remeued them & brought them in to theyr shyppes and came ayen in to this londe. And Merlyn sette the stones there that the kyng wol∣de haue them. And sette them in the sa∣me maner that they stode in Irlonde / And whan the kynge sawe that it was made he thanked Merlyn / and rychely hym rewarded at his owne wyll. And that place lete calle it Stonhenge for euer more.

¶How Passent that was Vortigers so∣ne and the kynge Guillomer came in to this londe / and how a traytour that was called Cappa enpoyseneu the kyn∣ge Aurilambros.

ANd men shall vnderstande that Passent that was Vortigers so∣ne lyued the same tyme / and came in to this londe w^t a grete power / & arryued in the north coūtree & wolde be auenged of his faders deth Vortiger / & strongely trusted vppon the company that he had brought w^t hym out of y^• londe of Ger∣mayne / & had conquered all the North coūtree vnto Yorke. ¶And whan kyng Aurilambros herde this / he assembled a grete power of Brytons & wente for to fyght with Passent / & he dyscomfyted Passent & all his people. But Passent escaped thens with some of his men / & fledde thens in to Irlonde and came to kynge Guillomer & prayed hym of hel∣pe & socour. The kynge graunted hym with good wyll & sayd / that he wolde helpe hym / vpon that couenaūt that I my selfe muste go with you with all my power in to Brytayne. And I wolde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 aduenge vpon the Brytons the rather /

for they came in to my londe & toke the stones with strength y^• is called Gyaū∣tes karoll. ¶The kynge Guillomer le te ordeyne his shyppes & wente to the see with .xv. thousande men / & arryued in Walys & began to robbe / & moche soro∣we he dyde. ¶It befell so that kynge Aurilambros laye syke at Wynchestre / & myght not helpe hymself. So that he sente in his name Vter his brother with a power to helpe Walys. And thyther∣warde he wente as moche as he myght. ¶The kynge of Irlonde and Passent herde telle that Aurilambros was syke / & to hym there came a Sarrasyn that was called Cappa & sayd. Syre dwelle ye here all in peas with your hoste / & I behyght you thorugh my quayntesye y^• I shall slee the kynge Aurilambros that is syke. Thenne sayd Passent / yf ye do so I shall you rychely auaūce. The tray¦tour Cappa put vpon hym an habyte of religyon / & lete shaue hym a brode crow¦ne & came vnto the kynges courte / and sayd that he wolde helpe the kynge of his malady. Tho sayd y^e traytour Cap¦pa vnto the kynge. Syr be of good com¦forte. For I shall yeue you suche a medy¦cyne that ye shall swete anone ryght & lyste to slepe & haue good reste. And the traytour yaaf hym suche poyson to sle∣pe anone ryght / and deyed in his slepyn¦ge. And the traytour sayd that he wolde go out in to the felde tyll he were awa∣ked / & so escaped he awaye. For no man had to hym suspeccyon / for by cause of his habyte that he was clothed in / and also for his brode shauen crowne. But whan the kynges men wyst that he was deed / they became wonder sory / and fast soughte the traytour / but they myghte not fynde hym. For that Cappa torned ayen vnto the hoste from whens that he came.

¶Whan Aurilambros deyed a sterre in the morne was seen with a clere lyght / & at the bought of the beeme was seen she heed of an horryble dragon.

SO whan the kyng Aurilambros was deed & enpoysoned at Wyn¦chestre. On the morne after he was deed about the tyme of Pryme there was se∣ne a sterre grete & clere / & the beeme of that sterre was bryghter than the sonne And at the bought of the beeme apperid a dragons heed / & out of his mouth ca∣me two huge lyghtes / y^t were as bryght as ony fyre brennynge / & that one beeme towarde Fraunce and streyght ouer the see thytherwarde. And out of that bee∣me came .vij. beemes full clere & longe as it were the lyght fyre. ¶This sterre was seen of many a man / but none of them wyste what it betokened. ¶Vter that was the kynges brother that was in Walys with his hoste of Brytons / sawe that sterre & the grete lyght that it yaue / they wondred therof gretly what it myght betoken And lete calle Merlyn and prayed hym for to telle what that it myght betoken.

¶Of the betokenynge of the sterre.

MErlyn sawe that sterre / & behel∣de it longe tyme. And sythen he quoke & wept tenderly. And sayd. Alas alas y^t so noble a kyng & worthy is deed And I do you to vnderstande that Auri¦lambros your brother is poysoned / & y^• I see well in this sterre. And yourself is be¦tokened the heed of the dragon y^• is seen at the bought of the beeme / that is your self y^t shall be kynge & regne. And by the beeme that stondeth towarde the Eest is vnderstonde y^t ye shall gete a sone that shall conquere all Fraunce / & all the lon¦des y^t belongeth to the crowne of Fraū∣ce / that shall be a worthyer kynge & of more hononr than euer were ony of his auncetours. ¶And by the beeme y^• stret∣ched towarde Irlonde is betokened that

ye shal gete a doughter that shal be que∣ne of Irlonde. ¶And the .vij. beemes be∣token that ye shall haue .vij. sones. And euery one of them shall be kynge / & reg¦ne with moche honour. And abyde ye no lenger here / but go & yeue batayll to your enmyes / and fyght with them bol∣dely for ye shall ouercome them & haue the victory. ¶Vter thanked hertely Mer¦lyn / and toke his men & wente towarde his enmyes / & they fought togyder mor¦tally / & so he dyscomfyted his enmyes & them destroyed. And hymself slewe Pas¦sent that was Vortigers sone. And his Brytons slewe Guillomer y^t was kyng of Irlonde & all his men. ¶And Vter anone after that batayll toke his waye towarde Wynchestre / for to do entyere Aurilambros kynge that was his bro∣ther. But tho was the body bor•• vnto Stonhenge with moche houour / that he had done make in remembraūce of the Brytons that there were slayne thrugh treason of Engist / that same daye that they sholde haue ben accorded. And in the same place they entyered Aurilam∣bros the seconde yere of his regne with all the worshyp that myght belonge to suche a kynge. On whoos soule god ha∣ue mercy. Amen.

¶Of Vter Pendragon / and wherfore he was called so ye shall here. And how he was ouertake with the loue of Igrey ne that was the Erle of Cornewaylles wyf.

AFter the dethe of Aurilambros Vter his brother was crowned / and regned well & worthely. And in re∣membraunce of the dragon that he was lykened to / he lete make two dragons thrugh counseyll of his Brytons. And made that one for to be borne before hȳ whan he wente in to batayll / and that other for to abyde at Wynchestre in the bysshops chirche. And for that cause he was called euer after Vter Pendragon / ¶ And Octa that was Engistes sone cōmended Vter but lytell that was ma∣de newe kynge. And ayenst hym began to meue warre. And ordeyned a grete po¦wer of his frendes & of his kynne / and of Ossa his brother / and had taken all the londe from Humbre vnto Yorke / But those of Yorke helde strongely a∣gaynst them / and wolde not suffre them to come in to the cyte / neyther to yelde the cyte to them. And he besyeged y^• tow¦ne anone ryght / & yaue therto a stronge assawee. But they of the cyte them kep∣te well & strongely. ¶And whan Vter herde therof / he came thyther with a gre¦te stronge power for to helpe & rescowe the towne & put awaye the syege / and ya¦ue a stronge batayll. And Octa and his company them defended as well as they myght. But at the laste they were d••s∣comfyted and the moost partye of them slayne. And Octa and Ossa were taken & put in pryson at London. ¶And Vter hymself dwelled a whyle at Yorke / and after he wente to London. And 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Eester after he wolde bere crowne and holde a solempne feest. And lete somone all his Erles & Barons / that they shol∣de come to that feest. And all those that had wyues sholde brynge them also to that feest. And all the seygnoury came at the kynges commaundement as they were cōmaunded. ¶The feest was ry∣chely arayed & holden. And all worthely sette to meete after y^• they were of astate Soo that the Erle Gorloys of Corne∣waylle and Igreyne his wyf sate next vnto the kynge. And whan the kynge sa¦we the faytnesse of that lady & the beau¦te that she had. He was anone rauysshed for her beaute / and often he made to her nyce countenaunce in lokynge and lau∣ghynge. So at the laste the Erle percey¦ued the preuy lokynge & laughynge and the loue bytwene them. And rose vp frō the table in wrathe / & toke his wyf / and

called to hym his knyghtes and wente thens in wrath / without takynge leue of the kynge. ¶The kynge anone sent af¦ter hym that he sholde come agayne & go not thens in dyspyte of hym. And the erle wolde not come agayne in no ma∣ner of wyse. ¶Wherfore the kynge was wroth / and in wrath hym defyed as his deedly enmye. And the erle wente thens in to Cornewaylle with his wyf in the castall of Tyntagyll. ¶And the kynge lete ordeyne a grete hoste and came in to Cornewaylle / for to destroye the erle yf that he myght. But he had put hym in suche a castell that was stronge & well arayed called Tyntagyll / & wolde not yelde hym to the kynge. ¶And the kyn¦ge anone besyeged the castell / and there dwelled .xv. dayes that neuer myght spe¦de / & ••uer he thought vppon Igreyne / & vpon her layde so moche loue / that he wyst not what to do. ¶So at the laste he called to hym a knyght that was cal¦led Vlfin that was preuy with hym and tolde hym all his coūseyll / & axed of hȳ what was best for to done. ¶Syr sayd he / sende after Merlyn anone / for he can telle you the best counseyll of ony man lyuynge. Merlyn anone was sente after & came to the kynge. And the kynge tol¦de hym all his coūseyll & his wyll. Syr sayd Merlyn. I shal do so moche thrugh crafte that I can / that I shall make you come to nyght in the castell of Tynta∣gyll / & shall haue all your wyll of that lady.

¶How Vter begate on Igreyne / that was the Erles wyf of Cornewaylle Ar∣thur kynge.

MErlyn thrugh craft that he cou∣de chaunged the kynges fygure in to the lykenes of the erle / and Vlfin Garlois his Chambrelayne in to the fy¦gure of Iordan that was the erles cham brelayne / so that eche of them was trans¦fygured in to others lykenes And whan Merlyn had so done / he sayd to the kyn¦ge. Syr sayd he / now ye may go sodeyn¦ly to the castell of Tyntagyll & axe en∣tree there & haue your wyll. The kyng toke prpuely all the hoste to gouerne and lede to a knyght that he moche loued / & toke his waye towarde the castell / and with hym toke Vlfin his chambrelayne and Merlyn / & whan they came thyder the porter demid it had ben his owne lor¦de. And whan tyme came for to god to bedde / the kynge wente to bedde with Igreyne the erles wyf & dyde with her all his wyll. And begate vpon her a so∣ne that was called Arthur. And vppon the morowe the kynge toke his leue of the lady & wente ayen to his hoste. And the same nyght that the kynge laye by Igre••ne in bedde that was y^• erles wyf the kynges men gaaf a grete assawie vnto the castell. And the erle & his men manly them defended. But at the laste it befell so / that in the same assawie the erle hymself was slayne & the castell ta¦ken. ¶And the kynge anone torned a∣gayne to Tyntagyll & spowsed I grey∣ne with moche honour & made her que∣ne. ¶And soone after tyme came that she sholde be delyuered & bare a childe a sone that was called Arthur. And after ga••e on her a doughter that was called Amya. And whan she came to aege / a noble Baron that was lorde of Lyons wedded her. ¶Whan Vter longe tyme had regned / there came vpon hym a gre¦te sykenesse as it were a sorowe. ¶And in the meane tyme those that had to ke∣pe Octa that was Engistes sone and Ossa has brother / that then were in pry∣son / they lete them go for grete yeftes y^• they them yaue & went with them. And whan tho two brethern were escaped & were in to theyr owne countree agayne / Thenne they ordeyned them a grete po¦wer of folke / and began for to warre a∣yen vppon the kynge.

¶How kynge Vter chose Aloth to kepe the londe of Brytayne / whyle that he was syke / for as moche as he myght not lo•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 syknesse.

ANd for as moche as kynge Vter was syke & myght not helpe hȳ self / he ordeyned Aloth sone of Eleyne that tho was chosen for to be wardeyne & chyeftayne of all his folke. And so he anone & all his Brytons assembled a gre¦te hoste & yaue batayll to Octa & to his folke / but Octa at the last was dyscom∣fyted. ¶It befell thus afterwarde / that these Brytons had dedignacōn of Aloth & wolde not be to hym attendaūe. Wher¦fore the kynge was anoyed wonder sore & lete put hym in a lytere in the hoste a∣monges his folke. And they ladde hym to Vereloyne that tho was a fayre cyte / there y^• saynt Albon was martred. And after was the cyte destroyed with pay∣nems thrugh warre. And thyther they had sente Octa and Ossa & ther people And entered in to the towne / & lete ma∣ke sure y^• yates / & there they helde them And the kynge came & them besyeged / & made a stronge assawee / but they that were within manly theym deffended / ¶ The kynge lete ordeyne his ginnes & his engynes for to breke the walles / & the walles were so stronge that no man myght them mysdo. ¶Octa & his peo∣ple had grete despyte / that a kynge lyen¦ge in a lytere had theym besyeged. And they toke counseyll amonge them for to stande vp in the morowe erly and come out and yeue batayll to the kynge / and so they dyde. And in that batayll were bothe Octa and Ossa slayne / & all the other y^• escaped a lyue fledde in to Scot∣lnde / & made Colegrin theyr chyeftay¦ne. And the Saxons y^• were a lyue & esca¦ped fro the batayll / brought ayen a gre∣te strength / & amonge them they sayd / that yf kynge Vter were deed they spol∣de well conquere the londe / & thought to enpoysen the kynge / & ordeyned men for to do this dede / & yaue them of yeft{is} gre¦te plente this thynge to do. And they or∣deyned them thyderwarde there 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y^• kyn¦ge was dwellynge / and clothed them in poore wede y^• better all for to spede theyr fals purpose. But netheles all theyr fal∣senes & subtylte they myght neuer come to nygh the kynge. But so at y^• last they aspyed y^• the kynge dranke no other ly∣cour but oonly water of a clere well that was nyghe besyde / & the fals traytours vpon a daye pryuely wente to y^• well & put therin poyson / so y^• all y^• water was enpoysened. And anone after as the kyn¦ge had dronke of that water / he began to swelle / & soone after he deyed / & as ma∣ny as dranke of y^• water deyed also. And anone as this was aspyed folke of the towne lete stoppe the welle for euermore ¶Whan the kynge was deed his folke bare hym to Stonhenge with grete so∣lempnyte of bysshop & barons that we∣re there hym to burye besyde Aurilam∣bros his brother. And after torned ayen tho euerychone & sente after his sone & they made hym kynge of the londe with moche reuerence after his faders de••he / the .xvij. yere of his regne.

¶How kyng Arthur y^• was the sone of Vter was crowned after his fads deth & how he draue Colegrin & the Sarons & Cheldr••k of Almayne out of this londe.

AS Arthur was made kynge of the londe / he was but yonge of aege of .xv. yere / but he was fayre and bolde & doughty of body. And to meke folke he was good & curteys / and large of spendynge / & made hym well beloued amonge all them there y^• it was nede / & whan he began to regne be swore truely that the Saxons neuer sholde haue re•••• ne peas tyll that he hadde dryurn them out of the londe. And assembled a grea∣te hoste and fought with Colegrin) the

whiche after the tyme that Octa was deed the Saxons mayntened. And this Colegrin was dyscomfyted & fledde vn∣to Yorke & toke the towne / & there hym helde. And the kynge besyeged hȳ there but he myght no thynge spede for the cy¦te was so stronge. And they within the towne kept y^• cyte well & orpedly. ¶And in the mene tyme Colegrin lete the tow¦ne to Bladulf & fledde hymself to Chel¦drik y^• was kynge of Almayne / for to ha¦ue of hym socour. And the kynge assem¦bled a grete power & came & arryued in Scotlonde with .xv. hondred shyppes. And whan Arthur wyst of these tydyn∣ges y^• he had not power & strength ynou∣ghe to fyght ayenst Cheldrik / he lete be the syege & wente to London / and sente anone his letters to the kynge of lytell Brytayne y^t was called Howell his ne∣uewe his systers sone / that he sholde co∣me to hym w^t all the power y^t he myght And he assembled a grete hoste & arry∣ued at Southampton. And what kyng Arthur if wyst he was gladde ynough & wente ayenst them / & them receyued w^t moche honour. So that those two host{is} mette & assembled them / and toke theyr waye euen vnto Nicholl that Cheldrik had besyeged / but it was not taken. And they came vpon cheldrik & his people or they wyst where that they were / & them egrely assaylled. ¶The kyng Cheldrik and his men defended hym manly by theyr power. But kynge Arthur & his men slewe so many Saxons / that neuer was seen suche slaughter / and Cheldrik and his men that were left alyue fledde awaye. And kynge Arthur them purse∣wed & droue them out in to a wood that that they myght no ferder passe. ¶Chil¦drik & his men sawe well that they we¦re brought in to moche dysease / & them yelded to kynge Arthur in this maner wyse. That he sholde take theyr horses & theyr armour / and all that they had / and they muste oonly goo on foot in to theyr shyppes. And so they wolde go ho¦me in to theyr owne londe / & neuer co∣me ayen in to this londe. ¶And vpon assuraunce of this thynge they 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hȳ good hostages. ¶And Arthur by coun∣seyll of his men graūted this thynge / & receyued the hostages / & therupon the o∣ther wente to theyr shyppes. And whan they were in the hygh see y^• wynde chaū¦ged as the deuyll it wolde / & they forned theyr nauy & came ayen in to this londe & arryued at Totnesse / and wente out of the shyppes & toke the londe / and de∣ne robbed it / and moche people slewe / & tooke all the armour that they myght fynde. And so they wente forth tyll they came vnto Bathe. But the men of the towne shytte faste theyr yates / and wol¦de not suffre theym to come within the towne. And they deffended them well & orpedly ayenst them.

¶How Arthur yaue bataylle vnto the Saxons whan they came agayne in to this londe / & had besyeged the towne of Bathe and them ouercame.

ANone as Arthur herde this ty∣dynges he lete hange the hosta∣ges / & lefte Howell of Brytayne his ne∣uewe / for to kepe the marche towarde Scotlonde with half his people / & hym self wente to helpe & rescowe the towne of Bathe. Whan he came thyther he ya∣ue a stronge batayll to Cheldrik & slewe almoost all the people y^• he had. For no man myght hym withstonde ne endure vnder y^e stroke of his swerde. And there bothe were slayne Colegrin & Bladult his brother / & Cheldrik fledde thens & wolde haue gone to his shyppes. ¶But whan Arthur it wyst / he toke .x. thou∣sande knyghtes to Cador y^• was erle of Cornewaylle for to lette & stoppe his to mynge. And Arthur hymself wente to∣warde y^• marche of Scotlonde. For me∣sengers tolde hym that the Scottes had

besyeged Howell of Brytayne there that he laye syke / & therfore he hasted hym thytherwarde. ¶And Cador pursewed after Cheldrik / & toke hym er he myght come to his shyppes & slewe Cheldrik & his people. And whan Cador had done this vyage / he hasted hym ayen towar∣de Arthur as fast as he myght / & foun∣de hym in Scotlonde there that he had rescowed Howell of Brytayne / but the Scottes were ferre within Nounref / & there they helde them a whyle. But Ar∣thur them pursewed. & they fledde thens in to Limoigne / that were in that coun∣tree .lx. Iles / & grete plente of byrdes / & grete plente of Egles that were wonte to crye & fyght togyders / and make grete nose whan folke came to robbe that lon¦de / & warne as moche as they myght / & so they dyde. For the Scottes were to gre¦te rauenours / that they tooke all that they myght fynde in the londe of Li∣moigne without ony sparynge / & there with tharged ayen the folke in to Scot∣londe for to wende.

¶How kynge Arthur axed of Merlyn the aduentures of .vi. of the laste kynges that were to regne in Englonde / & how the londe sholde ende.

SYr sayd Merlyn. In the yere of the Incarnacyon of Ihesu Cryst M.CC.xv. shall come a lambe out of Wynchestre / shall haue a whyte tonge & true lyppes / & he shall haue wryten in his herte holynes. This lambe shal ma¦ke many goddes houses / & he shall haue peas the moost parte of his lyf. And he shall make one of y^• fayrest places of the worlde / y^• in his tyme shall not fully be made an ende of. ¶And in the ende of his lyf a wulf of a straunge londe shall do hym moche harme & sorowe thrugh warre. But at the ende the lambe shall be mayster thrugh helpe of a reed fore / that shall come out of the Northwest / & hym shall ouercome / & the wulf shall deye in water. And after that tyme the lambe shall lyue no whyle / but he shall deye. ¶His seed shal be in a straūge lon¦de. And the londe shall be without a go∣uernour a lytell tyme.

ANd after this shall come a dra∣gon medled w^t mercy & also with woodnesse. And y^• shall haue a berde as a gote / y^• shall gyue in Englonde a sha∣dowe / & shall kepe the londe fro colde & hete / and his owne foot shall be sette in Wyke & y^• other in London. And he shal enbrace Inhabitaūces. And he shal open his mouth towarde Walys. And y^• trem¦blynge of the hydour of his mouth / his eeres shall stretche towarde many hab∣tacyons & coūtrees. And his b••eth shall be ful swete in straūge londe. And in his tyme shall the ryuers renne blood & w^t brayne. And he shall make in places of his londe walles y^• shall do moche har∣me vnto his seed after his tyme. ¶And thenne shall there come a people out of the Northwest durynge his regne y^• shal be ladde thrughout a wycked hare / that the dragon shall do crowne kynge that afterwarde shall flee ouer the see with¦out comynge ayen for drede of the dra∣gon. ¶And in y^• tyme the sonne shall be as reed as a blood / y^• men shall see tho∣rugh out all the worlde / that shall beto∣ken grete pestylence & deth of folke / tho∣rugh dynt of swerde. And that people shall be faderles / tyll the tyme that the dragon deye thrugh an hate that shall meue ayenst hym warre vnto the ende of his lyf / that shall not fully be ended in his tyme. ¶This dragon shal be hol¦de in his tyme the best body of the worl¦de. And he shal deye besyde the marches of a straūge londe / & y^• londe shall dwel ••faderles without a good gouernour / & men shall wepe for his dethe / from the yle of Shepey to the hauen of Mart••yll. ¶Wherfore Alas alas shall be there

longe of faderles folke / that shall ouer lyue in his londe destroyed.

ANd after this dragon shal come a gote oute of Kae y^• shall haue hornes & a berde of syluer / & there shall come out of his nosethryll a dompe that shall betoken hungre & sorowe & grete deth of y^e people. And moche of his londe in the begynnynge of his regne shall be wasted. ¶This gote shall go ouer vnto Fraūce / & shall open y^e floure of his lyf & deth. ¶In his tyme there shall aryse an egle in Cornewayle y^t shall haue fe∣thers of golde / y^• of pryde shall be with∣out pere of the londe. And he shal despy¦se lordes of blood. And after he shal flee shamefully by a beer at Gauersech / & after shall be made brydges of men vp on the costes of the see / and stones shall fall from castestelles / & many other tow¦nes shall be made playne. ¶In his ty∣me shall seme y^• the beer shall brenne / & a batayll shall be done vpon the armes of the see in a felde ordeyned as a shelde And at y^• batayll shall deye many why∣te heedes / wherfore this batayll shall be called the whyte batayll. And y^• forsayd beer shall do this gote moche harme / & it shall come out of the Southwest & of his blood. Thenne shall y^• gote lese mo∣che / & of his londe / tyll that the tyme y^• shenshyp shal hym ouercome. And then shall he close hym in a lyons skynne / And thenne shall be wynne that he had before loste & more therto. For a people shall come out of the North west y^• shall make the gote so sore aferde that he shal be in grete perplexite. And he shall ad∣uenge hym on his enmyes / thrugh coū∣seyll of two owles that fyrst shall be in peryll for to be vndone. But y^• olde owle shall wende a waye a certayne tyme / & after he shall come ayen in to this lon∣ge. These two owles shall do grete har∣me to many one / & so they shall coūseyll the gote to arere warre ayenst the for∣sayd beer. And at the laste the gote and the owles shall come at Burton vppon Trent / & shall go ouer / & for drede the beer shall flee & a swanne with hym fro his company to Burton warde y^• north & there they shall be w^t an harde shoure And thenne shall the swanne be take & slayne with sorowe / and the beer taken heeded alther next his neest / that shall stande vpon broken brydge / on whome the lonne shall cast his beemes. And ma¦ny shall hym seke for vertue that from hym shall come. ¶In the same shall deye for sorowe & care a peple of his lon¦de / so that londes shall be vpon hym the more bolder afterwarde. And those two owles shall do moche sorowe to the for∣sayd floure of lyf / & her shall lede in to dystrestre / so that she shall passe ouer y^e see in to Fraunce / for to make peas by∣twene the gote & the flouredelyse / & the∣re she shall dwelle tyll a tyme that her sede shall come & seche her / & they shall be styll tyll a tyme / that they shall them clothe with grace. And they shall seche the owles & shall put them to dyspytous deth. And after shal this gote be brought¦te to dysease & grete Anguysshe / and it sorowe he shall lyue all his lyf.

AFter this gote shall come out of Wyndesore a boore / that shall haue an heed of a whyte lyons herte / & pyteous lokynge. ¶His vysage shall be reste to syke men. His breste shall be staū chynge of thyrste to tho that be thyrsty / His worde shall he gospell. His herynge shall be meke as a lambe. In the fyrste yere of his regne he shall haue grete pay¦ne to Iustefye them y^• ben vntrue. ¶And in his tyme shall his londe be multeply¦ed with alyauntes. And this boore tho∣rugh fyersnesse of his herte that he shal haue / shall make wulues to become lam¦bes. And he shall be called thorugh out of the worlde Boore of holynesse fyers∣nesse of noblynesse & of mekenesse. And

he shall mesurably all that he shall do vnto the borugh of Ierusalem. And he shall whette his teeth vpon the yates of Parys / & vpon foure londes. Spayne shall tremble for drede. Gascoyne shall swete. In Fraunce he shall put his wyn∣ge. His grete tayle shall reste in Englon¦de softly. Almayne shall quake for dre∣de of hȳ. ¶This boore shall yeue man∣telles to two townes of Englonde / and shall make the Ryuer renne with blood & brayne. And he shall make many me∣dowes reede / & he shall gete as moche as his auncetours dyde. And er that he dyed / he shall here thre crownes / and he shall put a londe in grete subieccyon / & after it shall be releued / but not in his tyme. This boore after he is deed for his doughtynesse shall be entyred at Co¦leyne. And his londe shall be fulfylled of all good.

AFter this boore shal come a lam¦be / that shall haue feet of leed / & an heed of brasse / & an herte of loppe a swynes skynne & an harde. And in his tyme his londe shall be in peas / the fyr∣ste yere of his regne he shall do make a cyte that all the worlde shall speke there of. ¶This lambe shall lese in his tyme a grete parte of his londe thrugh an hy¦deous wulfe / but he shall recouer it / and yeue a lordshyp to an Egle of his londe and this egle shall well gouerne it tyll the tyme that pryde shall hym ouercome Alas the sorowe / for he shall deye of his brothers swerde. And after shall the lon¦de falle to the forsayd lambe / that shall gouerne the londe in peas all his lyues tyme. And after he shall deye / & the lon¦de be fulfylled of all maner of good.

AFter this lambe shall come a moldwarpe / cursyd of goddes mo••th / & caytyf / a towarde / an haare / he shall haue an elderly sky••••e as a gote / & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 shall falle vpon hym for synne. ¶In the fyrst yere of his reg¦ne he shall haue of all good grete plen∣te in his londe and towarde hym also / And in his londe he shall haue grete praysynge / tyll the tyme that he shall suffre his people lyue in to moche pryde without chastysynge / wherfore god wyl be wrothe. ¶Thenne shall aryse vp a dragon of the North / that shall be full fyerse / and shall meue warre ayenst the forsayde moldwarpe / and shall yeue hȳ batayle vpon a stone. This dragon shal gadre ayen in to his company a wulfe / that shall come out of the West to me∣ue warre ayenst the forsayd moldwarpe in his syde / and so shall the dragon and bynde theyr tayles togyder. ¶Thenne shall come a lyon out of Irlonde / that shall falle in company with them. And thenne shall tremble the londe that shal be called Englonde as an aspyn leyf / And in that tyme shall castelles be fel∣led downe vpon Tamyse. And it shall seme that Seuerne shall be diye••for the bodyes that shall falle deed there in / The foure chyef floodes in Englonde shall renne in blood. And grate drede shall be / and anguysshe that shall aryse ¶After the moldwarpe shall flee & the dragon. The lyon and the wulfe shall them dryue awaye / and the londe shall be without them. And the mold warpe shall haue no maner power / sauf oonly a shyppe wherto he may wende. ¶And after that he shal go to londe where the see is withdrawe. And after that he shal yeue the thyrde parte of his londe / fu•• to haue the fourth parte in peas and in rest. And after he shall lyue in sorowe all his lyf tyme. ¶And in his tyme the hote bathes shal become colde. And af∣ter y^• shall the moldwarpe deye auentu∣rously & sodeynly. Alas for sorowe / for he shall be drowned in a flood of the see His seed shall become faderles in straū∣ge londe for euer more. And then shall y^• londe be departed in to thre partes / that

in to say / to the wulf / to the dragon / & to the lyon. And so shall it be for euer mroe And thenne shall this londe be called the londe of Conquest. And so shall the ryght heyres of Englonde ende.

¶How Arthur ouercame Guillomer that was kynge of Irlonde. And how the Scottes became his men.

THenne what Guillomer that was kynge of Irlonde herde ty∣dynges y^• kynge Arthur was entred at Glastenbury / he ordeyned a grete po∣wer of Irysshmen & came to the see with his Irysshe people / & so came in to Scot¦londe ouer the see & arryued fast there by y^• kynge Arthur was with his hoste / And anone as he wyst therof / he wente towarde hym & yaue hym bataylle & o∣uercame hym anone ryght. And Guil∣lomer fledde with his men agayne in to Irlonde. And what this was done & dys¦comfyted hym Arthur torned hym ayen there that he was / in to the place there that he had lefte the Scottes and wolde haue them all slayne. But the byssho∣pes / abbottes / & other folke of the coun∣tree & ladyes open heeded came before kynge Arthur & cryed hym mercy & say de. Syre gentyll kynge & myghty / haue mercy & pyte vpon vs. And as yourself be of the ryght lawe to holde & maynte∣ne Crystendome. For full greate dysho∣nour it sholde be to slee hym y^• byleueth in almyghty god as ye do. And for god¦des loue haue mercy & pyte on vs & suf∣fre vs. For we haue had moche sorowe & payne. For y^o Saxons haue many tymes passed through our londe. But y^• is not ynough to you / for oftenymes they haue done vs sorowe & dysease. For our castel∣les they haue taken / & our beestes slayne & eten / and moche harme they haue vs done. And y^f ye molde vs now slee / it we re••none honour to a kynge to slee them that crys hym mercy. For ynough ye ha∣ue done to vs & haue vs ouercome. And for the loue of god y^• ye wyl suffre vs for to lyue / & haue mercy on crysten people that byleue in Cryste as ye do. ¶Whan kynge Arthur herde this sorowe / he had pyte of them & yaue them lyf & lymme without ony more harme. And they fell downe to his feet & thanked hym / & be∣came his lyege men / & he tooke of them homage. ¶And after that kyng Arthur torned ayen with his hoste & came vnto Yorke / and made there his bydynge du∣rynge that vyage. And tho gaue he all Logrys to Aloth y^• had spowsed his sy∣ster & other gyftes grete plente. And tho was Gawyn his cosyn but of yonge ae∣ge. And to all his other men that hym had serued in his warre / he gaue ryche gyftes / & he thanked them moche of all theyr good seruyce.

¶How kynge Arthur spowsed Gūnor that was Gūnors cosyn Erle of Corne¦wayle / and after he conquered of Guil∣lomer all Irlonde.

ANd whan Arthur had brought his londe in peas & reste and in good state / & all was well in euery coū∣tree. Tho toke he & wedded a wyf y^t was called Gūnor & made her quene / a fayr lady & a gentyll y^• Cador the erle of Cor¦newayle had nourysshed in his chambre that was his cosyn. But neuer they had children togyder. And neuertheles kyng Arthur loued her wonder well & deyely. And anone as Wynter was passed / he lete assemble a grete hoste / & all his Ba¦rons & sayd y^t he wolde go in to Irlonde for to conquere the londe. And he caryed not longe y^• he ne passed ouer into Irlon¦de. ¶And Guillomer the kynge lete as¦semble a grete hoste & yaue bataylle to kynge Arthur but Guillomer was hys comfyted & yelded hym to the kynge & became his man / & to hym dyde fewte / and h••mage / & of hym helde all y^• londe

fro that tyme forwarde. And after pas∣sed kynge Arthur ferthermore & conque¦red Gutlonde & Islonde / & toke homa∣ge of the folke & of the londe / and there dwelled .xij. yere in peas & regned with Ioye and myrthe. And there warred no man ne woman vpon hym. And he beca¦me so curteys & large & honorable / that the Emperours courte of Rome / ne no∣ne other thrugh out all the worlde was not accounted to kynge Arthurs / that ony man wyst of / ne none so well pray∣sed. And therfore the best kynght{is} of all maner landes came vnto hym there for to dwelle. And he theym receyued with good wyll and reuerence. ¶And all the knyghtes were so good that no man kne¦we the werste. And therfore kynge Ar∣thur made a roūde table that whan they sholde sytte on ther meete / all sholde be ylyke hyghe & euenly serued at the table that none of them sholde make auaunt that one of them were hygher thanne an other. And kyng Arthur had at that table Brytons & Frenshmen. Normans and Flemynges. Burgoyns Mausers & Lotherins / & of al the londes a this half the mount Goue / & of his londe of Bry¦tayne / and of the grete Corne waylle / of Walys & of Irlonde / and of Scotlonde And shortly to tell / of all the londes y^• wolde worshyp chyualry / suche came to kynge Arthurs courte.

¶How kynge Arthur yede in to Fraū∣ce & conquered y^• londe of Froll y^t was a Romayne / & how he slewe hym.

SYth it befell that thrugh coūsell of his barons & lordes / kyng Ar∣thur wolde go conquere all Fraūce that tho was called Galle thrugh Romay∣nes that tho helde that londe in theyr power & in theyr gouernaunce. And the Romayns had taken that londe to a no¦ble knyzt & a worthy of body that was called Froll. And whan he wyst that Ar∣thur came / he ordeyned an hoste of a gre¦te power & fought with the kynge. And he & his folke were dyscomfyted & fled{is} vnto Parys & entred y^• cyte / & closed the yates & there helde them. ¶Whan Ar∣thur wyst that Froll was gone to Parys be pursued after & came thyder / & hym besyeged. But the cyte was so stronge & well arayed / & tho y^t were therin deffen∣ded theym well & manly. ¶Kynge Ar∣thur dwelled there more than a moneth. & there was so moche people in the cyte that they dyspended all theyr dytayle y^• they had within. And so grete hungre be came amonge them / y^t they deyed won∣derly thycke within the cyte for hungre. And came vnto Froll & prayed hym to be accorded with kynge Arthur for to ha¦ue peas / & they wolde yelde theym vnto hym & the cyte also. ¶Froll sawe that he myght no lenger holde the towne a∣yenst theyr wyll / & trusted gretly vppon his owne strength & sente to kynge Ar∣thur that he sholde come fyght with hȳ body for body / & so sholde they departe Fraūce bytwene them two. ¶Kynge Ar¦thur anone graūted it. And wolde not y^• none of his people vndertoke the batay¦le for hym. ¶And vpon the morne both came well arayed without Par••s theret that they sholde fyght. And anone they smote togyders so fyersly & so well they fought on bothe sydes y^• no man demed the better of them / & so it befell y^• Froll yaue Arthur suche a stroke that he kne∣led to the grounde wolde be nolde he / And as Froll woūded kynge Arthur in the forhede y^• the blood fell downe by his ••yen & his face. Arthur anone sterte vp hertely whan he felte hȳ hurte as a man that semed almoost wood. And he toke taburne his good swerde / & drewe it vp on hyghe and yaaf Froll suche a stroke that therwith he claue his heed downe to the sholders so that his helme myght not be his warraunt / & so he fell downe deed in the place. And thenne tho of the

cyte made greate sorowe for Froll. And euerychone yelded them to kyng Arthur and the towne also & became his men / & dyde to hym homage & feaute. And he receyued them & toke of them goodly ho¦stages. And kyng Arthur after that wen¦te forth with his hoste & conquered Au∣gien & Angiers. Gascoyne. Pehito. Na∣uerne and Bourgoyne. Berry. Lotherne Turin and Peithers / and all the other londes of Fraunce he conquered all ho∣ly. Whan he had conquered & taken by homages and feautees / he torned ayen to Parys and there he dwelled longe ty∣me / & ordeyned peas longe tyme ouer al the countree / and thorugh all Fraunce / ¶ And whan peas was made ouer all / thorugh his noble kynghthode that he hadde / and also for his owne worthynes And no man were he neuer soo greate a lorde durste not meue warre ayenst hym nother to aryse for to make the londe of Fraunce inquyete. And in peas he dwel∣led there .ix. yere / and dyde many greate wondres / & repreued many proude men & euyll tyrauntes theym chastysed after theyr demerytes.

¶How kynge Arthur auaunced all his men that had trauaylled in his seruyce.

ANd afterwarde it befell thus at Eester there that he helde a fest at Parys / & rychely he gan auaunce his knyghtes for the seruyce that they had{is} hym holpen in his conquest. He yaue to his stewarde that was called Kay Au∣gien & Angiers. And he yaue to Bedwer his butler Normandye / that tho was cal¦led Neustrie. And to Holdin his cham∣brelayne he yaue Flaundres and Mance And to Dorell his cosyn he yaue Boley¦ne. And to Rycharde his neuewe he ya∣ue Pountyf / & to all other he yaue large londes & fees after they were of estate / And whan Arthur had thus his knygh∣tes feoffed / at Aueryll next after suynge he came ayen in to Brytayne his owne londe. And after at Wy••sontyde sewyn∣ge by counseyll of his barons / he wolde he crowned kyng of Glomergon / & hel∣de a solempne feest. And lete somone ba¦rons erles & knyghtes / that they sholde come thyder euerychone. And there was Scater kynge of Scotlonde. Cadwere kynge of Southwalys. Guillomer kyn¦ge of Northwalys. Maded kynge of Ir∣londe. Malgamus kynge of Gutlonde. Achilles kynge of Islonde. Aloth kynge of Denmarke. Gone was kynge of Norwaye / and Hell his cosyn kynge of Dorkeney. Cador kynge of lytell Bry∣tayne. Morwith Etle of Cornewaylle. Mauran erle of Gloucetre. Guerdon erle of Wynchestre. Boell erle of Hart∣forde. Vrtegi erle of Oxforde. Cuisall er¦le of Bathe. Ionas erle of Chestre. Ene¦rall erle of Dorchestre. Kymare erle of Salysbury. Waloth erle of Caunterbu∣ry. Iugerne erle of Chichestre. Arall erle of Leycetre / & the erle of Werwyke / and many other moo ryche lordes. Brytons there came mo / that is to saye. Dippon Donaude. Gennes / & many other that be not named here were at the feest. And many a fayre feest kynge Arthur had{is} holde before / but neuer none suche / ne so solempne / & that lasted .xv. dayes with moche honour and myrthe.

¶Of the letter that was sente fro Ro∣me for pryde to kynge Arthur.

THe thyrde daye as kyng Arthur latte att his meete amonge his kynges and amonge them that sate att the feest / before them came in .xij. men of aege rychely arayed / and curtously they salewed the kynge / and sayd they came fro Rome sente as messengers fro the Emperour. And toke hȳ a letter that thus moche was to vnderstande. ¶Gre∣tely vs meruaylleth Arthur / that thou art ones so hardy with thyn eyen in thy

heed to make open warre or contake a∣yenst vs of Rome / that owne all y^• worl¦de to deme / for y^u hast neuer yet before this tyme proued ne assayed thy strength of the Romayns / & therfor y^u it shall in a lytell tyme. For Iulius Cezar conque¦red all the londe of Brytayne / and toke therof truage / & our folke haue it longe y^• had / & now thorugh thy pryde y^u with∣holdest it. Wherfore we of Rome cōmaū¦de the that y^u it yelde ayen / & yet hast y^u more foly done that y^u hast slayne Froll that was our baron of Fraūce w^t wron¦ge. And therfore all the comyns of Ro∣me warneth the & cōmaunde y^• vpon lyf & lymme that y^u in haste be at Rome a∣mendes for to make of thy mysdedes that y^u hast done. And it so be that y^u co∣me not we shall passe the hylle of Ioye with strength / & we shall the seke where euer y^u may be founde / and y^u shalt not haue a foot of londe of thyn owne / that we ne shall destroye it / & afterwarde w^t thy body we shall do all our wyll. Whan this letter was redde & all men it herde they were anoyed all that were at that solempne feest. And the Brytons wolde haue slayne the messengers / but the kyn¦ge wolde not suffre them & sayd / that y^• messengers sholde haue no harme / and may by reason none deserue. But com∣maūded them to be worshypfully serued And after meete he toke coūseyll of kyn¦ges / erles and ••arons / what answere he myght yeue ayen to y^• messengers. And they coūseylled hym atons / that he shol de assemble a grete power of all the lon¦des of whiche he had lordshyp / & man∣ly auenge hym vpon the Emperour of the despyte that he had sende hym suche a letter. And they swore by god and by all holy his name that they sholde hym pursewe and brenne as moche as they myght. And sayd that they wolde neuer faylle kynge Arthur / and rather to be deed. And they lete wryte a letter to sen∣de to the Emperour by the same mes∣sengers in this manere of wyse.

¶Of the bolde answere that kynge Ar¦thur sente to the Emperour of Rome & to the Romayns.

UNderstondeth amonge you of Rome that I am kyng Arthur of Brytayne / and freely it holde & shall holde. And at Rome hastely I wyll be / not to yeue you truage / but for to are truage. For Constantyne that was E∣leyns sone that was Emperour of Ro∣me and of all the honour that therto be∣longeth. And Maximsan kynge conque∣red all Fraūce & Almayne / and mount Ioye passed / & conquered all Lombardy And these two were myn auncetours & that they helde & had. I shall haue tho∣rugh goddes wyll.

¶Of the reuerence that kynge Arthur dyde to the Emperours messengers.

ANd whan this letter was made and ensealed / kynge Arthur to these messengers yaue grete yeftes / & af∣ter that the messengers toke theyr leue and wente thens / and came to the cour∣te of Rome agayne. And tolde the Em∣perour how worthely they were receyued And also of suche a ryall company that he hadde hym for to seme / and how he was more ryally serued than the Empe¦rour of Rome / or ony other kyng lyuyn∣ge in all the worlde. ¶And whan the Emperour had ouerseen the letter / and hadde herde what was therin / and sa∣we that Arthur wolde not be ruled af∣ter hym. He lete assemble and ordeyne a grete hoste for to destroye kynge Arthur yf that he myght. ¶And kynge Arthur as touchynge his power and partye / or∣deyned his power of knyghtes of the ta∣ble rounde.

¶Of the kynges and lordes that came for to helpe kynge Arthur agaynst the Emperour.

THe kyng{is} of Scotlonde & of Ir¦londe / & of Gutlonde / of Den∣marke and of Almayne / euery of them had .x. thousande men. The duke of Nor¦mandye. Gascoyne. Flaūdres. Peh••to. & of Boloyne / eche had .iiij. thousande. Gerin of Charthres had .x. thousande / Howell of Brytayne had .xij. thousande And hymself of his owne londe .xij. thou¦sande. And of Arbalastres & of Archers and of other folke on foot that no man cowde theym nombre. ¶And whan all were redy to go. Kyng Arthur / his londe and Gūnor his wyf / toke to kepe to one of his neuewes / that was a wyse kynght & an hardy / that was called Mordred / But he was not all true / as ye shall he¦re afterwarde. Kynge Arthur tooke all his reame to this Mordred / sauf oonly the crowne. And after that kynge Ar∣thur toke his hoste and wente to South hampton / there that the shyppes were brought & the folke assembled. And they dyde go vnto the see / and had wynde & weder at wyll. And as soone as euer they myght they arryued at Hareflete. And assoone as they myght they went to lon¦de out of theyr shyppes and spradde all ouer the countree.

¶How kynge Arthur faught with a gy¦aunt in Spayne that was called Dina¦bus / that slewe Eleyne that was kynge Howels cosyn of lytell Brytayne.

BYnge Arthur had not dwelled in the coūtree but a lytell tyme / that men hym tolde that there was come a grete gyaūt in to Spayne / & had rauys¦shed fayre Eleyne that was cosyn vnto Howell of lytell Brytayne. And hadde brought her vpon an hylle that is called the moūt of saynt Bernarde. And there was no man in that coūtree so bolde ne so hardy that durst fyght with hym / ne come nye the place there that the gyaūt dwelled that was called Dinabus. And moche sorowe he dyde▪ in the countree / ¶ Whan kyng Arthur herde this tydyn¦ges / he called to hym Kay and Bed••were & cōmaunded them to go pryuely & es∣pye where the gyaunt myght be founde And they came to the ry••age there that men sholde go to the moūt / that was al enclosed about with water & yet is / and euer shall be. And they sawe a brennyn∣ge fyre vppon the hylle. And there was also an other hylle nye that / & there was vpon that an other fyre brennynge. Kay and Bedwere came to the next hylle / & founde a wydowe open heeded syttynge besydes a tombe sore wepynge / & grete sorowe made. And oft she sayd Eleyne eleyne. And Kay & Bedwere axed what she was / & wherfore she made so moche sorowe / and who laye in that tombe / ¶ O sayd she what sorowe & mysauen∣ture fayre lordes seke ye here. For yf the Gyaūt may you here fynde he wyll you slee anone. ¶Be stylle good wyf sayd they therof dysmaye you not / but tell vs the south why that thou makest so mo∣che sorowe & wepynge. ¶Syrs sayd she For a damoysell that I nourysshed with my breest that was called Eleyne / that was nece to Howell of Brytayne. And here lyeth the body in this tombe that to me was taken to nourysshe. And so the∣re came a deuyll a Gyaunt & rauysshed her & me also / and ladde vs bothe with hym awaye. And he wolde haue forlay∣ne that mayde that was so yonge & ten∣dre of aege / but she myght it not suffre so grete & so huge as the Gyaunt was. And for certayne yf he come now as he is wont to do / he wyll you both now slee & therfore go ye hens. Thenne bespake these two messengers & sayd to her / wher¦fore go ye not from hens. ¶Certes sayd she whan that Eleyne was deed the Gy¦aunt made me to abyde and haunt his

wyll / & I must nedes it suffre. And god it wote I do it not wich my wyll / for I had leuer to be deed than with hym to deale / so moche payne & sorowe I haue whan he me forlyeth. ¶Whan Kay and Bedwere had herde all y^• this woman them tolde / they torned ayen & came to kynge Arthur & tolde hym all that they had seen and herde. ¶Arthur anone to¦ke them bothe with hym & wente pryue¦ly by nyght that none of his hoste wyst & came on the morowe erly to the Gy∣aunt & faught with hym strongely / and at the last hym slewe. And Arthur bad∣de Bedwere smyte of his heed / & bryn∣ge it to the hoste to shewe it for a won∣der / for it was so grete & huge. ¶Whan they came ayen to the hoste / they tolde wherfore they had ben out / & shewed to them the heed / & euery man was gladde & Ioyefull of the worthy dede that kyn∣ge Arthur had done that was theyr lor∣de. And Howell was full sorowfull for his nece that was so lost. And afterwar∣de whan he had space / he lete make a fayre chappell of our lady ouer Eleyn•• tombe.

¶How kynge Arthur yaue bataylle to the Emperour / in y^• whiche batayll the Emperour hymself was slayne.

ARthur & his people herde tydyn¦ges y^t the Emperour had assem¦bled a grete power / as well of sarrasyns as of paynems & crysten men. Wherof y^e nombre was .lxxx. thousande hors men w^t foot men. ¶Arthur & his people orde¦ned fast forth in theyr waye towarde the Emperour & passed Normandy & Fraūce vnto Burgoyne / & wolde haue gone vn¦to the hoste. For men tolde hym that the Emperours hoste wolde come to Lucie. ¶The Emperour & his hoste in the be¦gynnynge of August teweued from Ro¦me / & came forth ryght the waye to war¦de y^• hoste. ¶Tho came kynge Arthurs spyes & sayd / yf that Arthur wolde he sholde fynde the Emperour there faste by / but they sayd / that the Emperour had so grete power with hym of kynges of the londe of Paynems / & also crysten people that it were but foly to kynge Ar¦thur to mete with them For the spyes ••ol¦de / that the Emperour had fyue or sixe men ayenst one of his. ¶Kynge Arthur was bolde & hardy / and for no thynge hym nysmayed & sayd. Goo we boldely in goddes name ayenst the Romayns / that with them lede Sarrasyns & Pay∣nems / that no maner trust they haue in god / but oonly vpontheyr strength. Go we now & seke them sharpely in the na¦me of almyghty god / & slee we the Pay∣nems and Crysten men that ben ayenst vs w^t them / for to destroye Crysten men And god shall vs helpe them to ouerco∣me. For we haue the ryght opynyon & therfore haue we truste in god. And do we so that the enmyes that be to crysten¦dome & to god may be destroyed & ouer∣come / & that men may recorde the war∣thynesse of knyghthode. ¶Whan kyng Arthur hadde thus sayd / they cryed all with an hygh voys. ¶God that is fad{er} almyghty worshypped be thy name w^t out ende. Amen. And graunt vs grace well for to do / & to destroye our enmyes that ben ayenst crystendome. In the na∣me of the fader / the sone / and the holy ghost. Amen. And god yeue hyen neuer grace ne worshyp in the worlde / ne mer∣cy of hym to haue / that this daye shall faynte well for to smyte & egrely. And so they rode softly / & ordeyned his wyn∣ges well & wysely. ¶The Emperour herde tell that kynge Arthur & his folke were redy appareylled for to fyght with hym & how they were camynge. He 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ordeyne his wynges in the best wyse that he cowde. And more trusted vppon his strength than in god almyghty / & that was seen afterwarde. For whan the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hostes mette / the Emperour lost 〈◊〉〈◊〉

of his folke ayenst one of Arthur. And so many were slayne / what on that one party & on that other / that it was grete pyte to wyte & to beholde. ¶In this ba¦tayll were slayne thrugh kyng Arthurs fyne kynges of the Paynems & of other wonder moche people / & kynge Arthurs men fought so well / that the Romayns and paynems had no more strengthe to withstonde them / than .xx. shepe ayenst fyue wulues. ¶And so it befelle that in this batayll in the shoure / that was won¦der harde & longe durynge in that one sy¦de & in that other / the Emperour amon¦ge them there was slayne / but ther was noo man that wyste for very sothe who hym slewe.

¶How kynge Arthur lete entyere his knyghtes y^t he had lost there in batayll / & how he sente the Emperours body to Rome that there was slayne in batayll.

SO whan y^• Romayns wyst that the Emperour was deed / they forsoke the felde & y^• paynems also. And kynge Arthur after them chaced tyll it was nyght / & so many of them slewe y^t it was wonder to telle. And tho torned kynge Arthur ayen whan it was nyght & thanked god of his victorye. And on the morowe he lete loke & serche all the felde for his knyghtes that he there lost. That is to saye. Borell erle of Maunt. Bedwere / & Kay / and Lyegiers erle of Boleyne. Vortiger erle of Baac. Aloth erle of Wynchestre. Cuisall erle of Che∣stre / and after Holden erle of Flaundres These were the grete lordes that kynge Arthur last in that batayll / with other worthy knyghtes them amonge. And so∣me he lete entere in abbayes by the coū∣tree / some he lete to be borne in to theyr owne coūtre. ¶And the Emperours bo∣dy he l••te take & put vpon a beyr & sent it to Rome. And sayd to the Romayns / that for Brytayne & Fraunce whichehe helde / other truage wolde he none paye. ¶And yf they axed hym ony other trua¦ges / ryght suche truage he wolde theym paye. ¶The kynge lete bere Kay to Ke∣nen his owne castell / & there hym ente∣red. And Leygier was borne to Boleyne there he was lorde. And Holden was bor¦ne to Flaundres / there he was entered / And all the other he lete entere with mo¦che honour in abbayes & in houses of re¦lygyon in the coūtre that they were slay¦ne. ¶And Arthur hymself soiourned y^• same yere in Bourgoyne with his hoste & thought the same yere folowynge to passe the mount Ioye / and haue gone to Rome also to haue taken the cyte & ha∣ue put the Romayns in subgeccyon / but the wycked tyraunt Mordred hym lette∣as after ye shall here.

¶How the traytour Mordred / to whom kynge Arthur toke his londe to kepe & his castelles / helde them ayenst hym.

AS Arthur had takē to Mordred his reame to kepe / & gone ayenst the Emperour of Rome / & was passed the see. Mordred anone toke homages & fea••tees of all theym that were in this londe / & wolde haue had this londe to his owne vse / & toke castelles about / and lete them be arayed. And after this fal∣senesse he dyde an other grete wronge / for ayenst the lawe of crystente he tooke his owne emys wyf as a traytour shol¦de / & ordeyned hym a grete hoste ayenst Arthurs comynge / to holde the londe a∣yenst hym with strength for euer more / & to slee kynge Arthur yf he myght / & sente by the see & by londe / & lete assem∣ble paynems & crysten peple. And he sen¦te to Saxons & to Danys for to helpe hȳ. And also Mordred sent to Cheldrik to sende men to hym out of Saxon that was a worthy duke / & promysed hym yf that he broght with hym moche people he wolde graunte hym Inherytaūce for

euer / all the londe fro Humbre to Scot∣londe / & all the londe that Engist had of Vortigers yefte / whan that he spow∣sed his doughter. ¶And Cheldrik came with a grete strength and power of peo∣ple / and Mordred hadde assembled also on his half / that they had .xl. thousan∣de of stronge knyghtes whan that they had nede.

¶How Arthur enchaced Mordred the traytour & how he was slayne / & also kynge Arthur wounded to the deth.

AS this tydynges came to kynge Arthur there y^t he was in Bour¦goyne / he was full sore anoyed / & toke all Fraunce to Howell for to kepe with half deale of his men. And prayed hym that he wolde it kepe tyll he came ayen. For hymself wolde passe in to Brytay∣ne / & auenge hym vpon mordred y^t was his traytour. And forth with Arthur wente his waye & came to Wytsande / and made his men to go in to shyppe & wolde haue arryued at Sandwyche / and brought with hym a grete hoste of F••en¦she••en also with his owne londe men / But or that he myght come to londe w^t his peple that were come out of his shyp¦pes. Mordred was come with all his po∣wer / & yaue a stronge batayll / soo that kynge Arthur loste many a man are that he myght come to londe. For there was Gawayne his neuewe slayne / and Anguysshell that helde Scotlonde / and many other wherof kynge Arthur was full sory. But after they were come to londe Mordred myght not ayenst them endure. But anone was dyscomfyted & fledde thens the same nyght with his men / and vpon the morne came to Lon¦don. But tho of the cyte wolde not suf∣fre hym to come in. And from thens he fledde to Wynchestre / and there he hym helde with his people that came with hȳ ¶Kynge Arthur lete take the body of Gawayne his cosyn / & the body of An∣guysshell / & lete that one be borne in to Scotlonde / and the other to Douer and buryed. Anone after kynge Arthur toke his waye for to destroye Mordred / & he fledde thens in to Cornewayle. ¶And the quene Gunnor that was kynge Ar∣thurs wyf that tho soiourned at Yorke / herde that Mordred was fledde thens & that he myght not endure ayenst kynge Arthur / she was sore aferde & had grete doubte / and wyste not what was best of all for to done. For she vnderstode well that her lorde kynge Arthur wolde ne∣uer of her / for to haue mercy for the gre¦te shame that she had done vnto hym / And toke her waye pryuely with foure men without moo / and came to Karly∣on / and there she dwelled all ther lyue / and neuer after was seen amonges the folke her lyf durynge. ¶Kynge Arthur wyst that Mordred was fledde in to Cor¦newayle / and lete sende after his men in to Scotlande and Northumberlonde vnto Humbre / and lete assemble folke without nombre / & came fro thens in to Cornewayle to seke and pursewe after Mordred. ¶And Mordred had assem∣bled to hym all the folke of Cornewayle & had people without nombre / and wyst that Arthur was comynge / and had le∣uer to deye & take his chaunce / than lon¦ger flee and abode / and yaue an harde batayll to kynge Arthur & to his people so that moche people was slayne / what of one syde & what of that other / that no man wyst who had y^• better party. But so it befell at the last that Mordred was slayne & all his folke / and the good chy¦ualry that kynge Arthur had gadred & nourysshed of dyuerse londes / and also the noble knyghtes of the rounde table / that so moche were praysed thorugh out all the worlde were there slayne / & kyn∣ge Arthur hymself was wounded vnto deth. But he lete hȳ to be borne to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••un to be heeled of his woundes. And

yet the Brytons supposen that he lyued in an other londe / & that he shall come yet & conquere all Brytayne. & But cer¦tes this is the prophecye of Merlyn. He sayd that his deth shall be doubtous / & sayd soth. For therof yet men haue doub¦te / and shall haue for euer more as men saye. For men wote not whyther that he is on lyue or deed. ¶Arthur was borne at Auioun the .xxij. yere of his regne / af∣ter the Incarnacyon of our lorde Ihesu Cryste .v.C.xlvi. yere.

¶How kynge Arthur delyuered the tra¦me vnto Constantyne the sone of Ca∣dor his neuewe.

AS kynge Arthur wyste that he myght no lenger regne / he lete come before hym Constantyne that was Cadors sone erle of Cornewayle his co∣syn & to hȳ betoke all his reame / & to hȳ sayd / & badde hȳ therof to be kyng tyll y^t he came ayen / for as moche as he had none heyre of his body begoten. And gre¦te damage was it•• that so noble a kyng & so doughty as he was / had no childe of his body begoten. But all thynge y^• god woll haue done must be done / who∣se name be blessyd without ende.

¶How kynge Constantyne was vexed of Mordred two sones.

THis Constantyne was a noble knyght & a worthy of body. And th•• two sones that Mordred had bego∣ten had grete enuy of Constantyne that tho was crowned kyng. And so it befell that they meued warre ayenst hȳ. And assembled a grete hoste of them y^t were before with Mordred / & had ben dryuen awaye / & that dyde moche sorowe & an guysshe thrughout all that londe. That one brother ordeyned / & purposed hym towarde the auncyent cyte of London / for to take the cyte. And that other wen¦te to Wynchestre. But Constantyne ca∣me to London and slewe hym that was there. And after he went to Wynchestre and slewe hym that was there also. So that bothe his enmyes were deed. ¶And whan Constantyne had regned well & worthely foure yere / he deyed and lyeth at London.

¶Of the kynges Adelbright and of Edell.

AFter kynge Constantynes deth there were two kynges in Bry∣tayne / that one was called Adelbright y^• was a danoys. And he helde the coūtree of Northfolke & Southfolke. That o∣ther hyght Edell & was a Bryton / & he helde Nicholl. Lindeser / & all the londe vnto Humbre. These two kynges faste warred togyder / but after accorded they were & loued togyder / as they had ben borne of oo body. ¶The kynge Edell had a syster that was called Ore••••enne. And he gaf her thrugh grete frendshyp to kynge Adelbright to wyf. And he be∣gate vpon her a doughter y^t was called Argentyll. And in the thyrde yere after came vpon hym a strange syknesse that nedes he must deye. And he sente to kyn¦ge Edell his broder in lawe that he shol¦de come & speke with hym / & he came to hym with a good wyll. ¶Tho prayed he the kynge and coniured hym also in the name of god / that after whan he we¦re deed / he sholde take his doughter Ar∣gentyll & the londe / & that he kepte her well / and nourysshe her in his chambre. And whan she were of aege / she sholde be maryed to y^• strōgest & worthyest man that he myght fynde / & thenne he sholde yelde vp her londe ayen ¶Edell it graū¦ted & by othe confermed his prayer. And whan Adelbright was deed & enteryd / Edell toke the damoysell Argentyll / & nourysshed her in his chambre / & she be∣came as fayre as ony myght be.

¶How kynge Edell maryed that da∣moysell to a knaue of his kechyne.

THis kynge Edell that was vncle to Argentyll / bethought how y^• he myght fallely haue the londe fro his nece for euer more / & falsely ayenst his othe thought to dysceyue Y^• damoysell / & to marye her to a knaue of his kechyn y^t was called Curan / & he became the wor∣chyest & strongest man of body y^t ony mā wyst in ony londe y^• tho lyued / & to hym he thought her shamfully haue maryed for to haue had her londe afterwarde / but he was clene disceyued. For this Cu¦ran was Hauelockis sone y^t was kyng of Kyrkelane in Denmark / & this Curan conquered his wyues londe afterwarde & slewe kyng Edell y^t was his wyues vn¦cle & had al her londe / as in an other pla¦ce it telleth more openly / & he regned but thre yere / for Saxons & Danes hȳ slewe & that was grete harme to all Brytay∣ne & Brytons bare hym to Stonehenge and entyred hym honourably.

¶Of kyng Conan y^t was Curans cosyn.

AFter this Curan regned his co∣syn Conan that was a wonder proude knyght. And regned & coude ha∣ue noo maner of loue / but euer he was medlynge with his people. And toke his vncle with warre / & slewe his two chil∣dern. ¶The Saxons warred ayenst hȳ oftentymes / but he them ouercame / & so he was in peas all his lyf tyme. And he regned .xiiij. yere / and after he deyed & lyeth at London.

¶Of kynge Cortyf and of Gurmonde that came thorugh the paynems in to Brytayne.

AFter this Conan regned his co∣syn Cortyf y^t was beha••ed of al his peple & no thynge beloued. And this Cortyf lost all Brytayne thrugh warre And in his tyme fell y^• grete myscheyf in Brytayne y^• crystendom was destroyed / & all the Brytons were dryuen out of y^• londe & the londe lost without ony reco∣uer. But afterwarde lefte the londe to the Saxons as ye afterwarde shall he∣re. For in that tyme there was a paynem that was called Gurmonde / that was the kynges sone Daufrices of the par∣nems folke / that hadde the reame after his fader / & was kynge / sauf he be••ua∣ue & yaue it to his broder. And sa••d that he nolde neuer be kynge but yf that he myght gete and conquere a reame in a straūge countree. For he was bolde and stronge of body. And of hȳ prophecyed Merlyn & sayd•• that he sholde be a wul•• of the see. And he lete assemble 〈◊〉〈◊〉 without nombre / & lete appareylle shyp¦pes / and wente by many londes & toke homages and fea••tees of many. And so he wente by the see & conquered ma••ny dyuerse londes. Soo that he came in to Irlonde / & conquered that londe that oftentymes warred vpon Brytons and Brytons vpon them / & oft wonne & oft lost & yaue hostages to Brytons. And so they sente to Gurmonde there that be was in Irlonde•• that he sholde come in to Brytayne and helpe them ayenst the Brytons / to helpe them to delyuer that londe of them / & they wolde hym holde gladly for theyr lorde. For he was a pay¦nem•• & they were paynems•• & the Bry∣tons were crystened. Well ought he them for to helpe so as they were all of one la¦we. Whan Gurmonde herde this pray∣er he hasted hym as moche as he myght and arryued in Scotlonde / and came in to Northumberlonde there that the Sax¦ons were dwellynge / & they confermed the couenauntes bytwene them that we∣re made by othes & by hostages / f••r to bere hym true fay / & holde hym for lor∣de / and paye to hym truage by the yere / ¶ Tho began the Saxons and the Af∣fricans

to destroye robbe & brenne tow∣nes / & destroye all thynge in asmoche as they myght / & spared neyther man wo∣man ne childe / lerned ne lewde / but all they slewe / & cast downe townes castels & chirches / & so put they all the londe in grete destruccyon. And as soone as they myght flee / they fled{is} thens as wel poore as ryche / bysshops / abbottes / chanons / & all other grete & small / some in to lytell Brytayne / & some in to Cornewayle / al tho that shyppes myght haue.

¶How the kynge Gurmonde droue kynge Cortyf to Chechestre / & slewe the Brytons / and thrugh crafte & engyne gate the same towne.

COrtyf the kynge fledde thens in to Chechestre y^t tho was stronge / & the••e helde hȳ .xx. dayes / & this Gur∣monde came & it besyeged. But the cyte was so stronge y^t he myght not gete it by no manere of wyse w^t engyne that they myght do. Tho bethought they vpon a subtylte for to brenne the towne. They made engynes w^t glewe of nettes / & to∣ke pecys of thonder & of fyre & bonde it to sparowes feet / & than lete them flee / & they anone flewe & lodged them in y^• towne there y^t theyr nestis were / & in stac∣kes & euesynges of houses / & y^• fyre be∣gan to kyndle & brente all the towne / And whan y^• Brytons sawe that in eue∣ry syde they hyed them out & fought / but anone they were slane & dyscomfyted / And whyle the batayll dured the kynge pryuely hydde hym & stale awaye in to Walys / & men wyst neuer were he beca∣me / & so was y^e towne of Chechestre ta∣ken & destroyed. And after Gurmonde wente & destroyed townes & cytes that neuer were after made ayen / as it is seen yet in many places of this londe.

¶How this londe was called Englonde for the name of Engist / & how many kynges were made after in this londe.

SO whan Gurmonde had destoy¦de all the londe thrugh out / he ya¦ue the londe to y^• Saxons / & anone they toke it w^t good wyll / for the Saxons lon¦ge tyme had desyred it. For asmoche as they were of Engyst{is} kynrede that fyrst had all y^• londe of Brytayne & lete them be called Englysshmen / for by cause of Engistes name / & y^• londe they lete call Englonde in theyr langage / & the folke ben called Englyshmen / for asmoche as in his tyme it was called Engist{is} londe whan he had conquered it of Vortiger / that spoused his doughter. But fro y^e ty¦me that Brute came fyrst in to Englon¦de / this londe was called Brytayne / & y^• folke Brytons. But syth the tyme y^t this Gurmonde conquered it eftsones / & ya¦ue it vnto the Saxons / they anone ryght chaūged y^• name as before is sayd. And whan this was done. Gurmonde pas∣sed ouer in to Fraūce / & there conquered many londes / & destroyed all crysten pe∣ple there that he came. And the Saxons dwelled in this londe & began fast to en¦habyte it at her owne wyl. And they wol¦de haue made newe kyng{is} & lordes / but they myght neuer assent to haue oonly oo kynge for to be to them attendaunt / & therfore they made many kynges in dyuerse shyres / as it was in Engistes ty¦me. The fyrst kyngdome was Kente / & that other Southsexe / and the thyrde Westsex / the fourth Eestsex / & the fyfth Northumberlonde / & the sixth Estangle that is to saye Northfolke & Southfolk and the seuenth Mercheryche / & that is the Erldome of Nicholl. Huntyngdon. Herforde. Gloucetre. Wynchestre. Wer∣wyke & Derby / and so departed all En¦glonde in to .vij. partyes. ¶And after that it befell that tho kyng{is} warred oft¦tymes togyder. And euer he y^t was stron¦gest toke hym that was feblest / and so it was longe tyme that they had no kyng

crowned amonge theym / ne no crysten man was tho amonge them / ne crysten∣dome nother. But were paynems tyll y^• saynt Gregory was pope of Rome / that had seen childern of the nacyon of En∣glonde in the cyte of Rome / that were wonder fayre creatures / & had grete wyl & desyre theym to beholde. And axed of the marchauntes whens they were / & of what nacyon. And men tolde hym that they were of Englonde / and Englysshe they were called / but they & all the peple of Englonde were paynems / & byleued not vpon god. ¶Alas sayd saynt Gre∣gory / well mowe they be called Englys∣she / for they haue the vysages of angels & therfore well ought they to be cryste∣ned. And for this cause saynt Gregory sente there saynt Austyn in to Englon∣de and .xl. good men with hym that were of good lyf & holy men to preche & teche & to conuerte the Englysshe people and them to torne to god / & that was in the .vi. yere that saynt Gregory had be po∣pe of Rome / that is to saye / after thyn∣carnacōn of our lorde Ihesu Cryst .v.C.lxxxv. yeres as the Cronycle telleth.

¶How saynt Austyn baptysed & conuer¦ted kynge Adelbryght & the bysshoppes that he made his felowes.

AS saynt Austyn came fyrste in to Englonde / he arryuen in the Yle of Tenet / & so passed forth & came vnto Caunterbury and there soiourned. And kynge Adelbryght of Kente y^t was of the lygnage of Engist goodly recey∣ued saynt Austyn & his felowes w^t mo∣che honour / & them foūde all that them neded. And more ouer he yaue them a fayre place / that now is called the ab∣bay of saynt Austyn / in whiche place he lyeth hymself shryned. ¶This kynge Adelbryght was a good man and with good wyll herde saynt Austyn•• predyca∣cyons / & yaue hym leue to preche thrugh out all his londe before sayd of Kent / to torne and conuerte to hym all the peo∣ple that he myght. ¶It betelle so after thorugh goddes grace / that in lytell ty∣me the kynge hymself was conuerted to god / & all his people of his londe were baptysed. And in the meane whyle the peple torned them to god. ¶Saynt Au∣styn came to Rochestre / and there he pre¦ched the worde of god. And y^• paynems therfore hym scorned / & caste vpon hym reygh taylles / soo that all his mantell was hanged full of these reygh tayles / And for more despyte / they caste vppon hym the guttes of reyghes and other fys¦she. Wherfore the good man sa•••••• Au∣styn was sore anoyed and greued. And prayed to god that all tho children of that cyte that sholde be borne afterwar¦de / that is for to saye / in the cyte of Ro∣chestre / myght haue taylles and so they hadde. And whan the kynge herde of this vengeaunce that was falle thrugh saynt Austyns prayer. He lete make an house in the honour of almyghty god / wherin wymmen sholde be delyuered of theyr childern a•••• the brydges ende / In the whiche hous yet wymmen of the cyte ben delyuered of childe. ¶Whan that saynt Gregorye hadde herde telle how the Englysshe people were torned to god & conuerted / he sente vnto saynt Austyn his pallyon by a bysshop / that was called Paulin and made hym P••••∣mate and Archebysshop of Englonde / And sente worde that he sholde ordeyne & make bysshops in the londe. And ano∣ne Austyn had the pallyon of the dygny¦te of the Archebysshop. He made two bysshops of his felowes that came with hym fro Rome / & one was called Melli∣te & he dwelled at London / & that other was called Iustin that helde the dygny∣te at Rochestre. And this bysshop Melli¦te tho wente to preche in to Es••sex & cry∣stened the kyng of the coūtre that was called Sicwith / that was kynge Adel∣bryghtes

cosyn his systers sone. This Iustin wente to preche in Southsex and torned moche of the people to god. And saynt Austyn hymselfe preched thorugh out Englonde.

¶How saynt Austyn wente in to Wa∣les there the Brytons were / & how they wolde not be obedyent to the Archebys∣shop of Caunterbury.

SO whan all Englonde was cry¦stened & torned to god / saynt Au¦styn went in to that londe there that the Brytons were for to kepe them frō En∣glysshmen / that is to saye in to Walys And there he fonde monkes & abbayes & .vij. bysshops. For the Brytons alwaye destroyed the crysten people y^• saynt Au∣styn had conuerted. And he sayd to the bysshops y^t he was a Legate of Rome & Prymate of all Englonde / & that they sholde by all reason to hym be obedyent & they sayd they nolde / but to the Arche¦bysshop of Carlyon they wolde. They wolde neuer for no maner thynge be o∣bedyent to the Englysshmen. For y^• En¦glysshmen they sayd ben our aduersa∣ryes & our enmyes / & haue dryuen vs out of our countree / & we ben crysten men & euer haue be. And the Englysshmen ha¦ue euer be paynems / but now of late y^t they ben conuerted. ¶Saynt Austyn of them myght haue none answere other wyse / but sayd pertly that they wolde ne¦uer them meke to hym / ne to the pope of Rome. And saynt Austyn torned ayen tho to kynge Adelbryght that was kyn∣ge of Kente / & tolde hym that his folke wolde not be to no man obedyent / but to y^• Archebysshop op Carlyon. And whan the kynge herde this / he was sore anoyd & sayd that he wolde them destroye / and sente to Elfryde kynge of Northumber∣londe that was his frende / that he shol∣de come to hym with all the power that he myght & y^t he wolde mete hȳ at Ley∣cette / and fro thens they wolde go in to Walys / & there destroye the Archebys∣shop of Carlyon / and all tho that had refused saynt Austyn.

¶How kynge Adelbryght & the kynge Elfryde slewe Brecinall y^t was a kyng of Brytons y^t helde y^e coūtree of Leycetre

IT befelle so y^t there was a kynge of Brytons y^t helde the coūtree of Leycetre & all the coūtree about / his na∣me was Brecinall. And this Bryton her¦de telle y^t tho two Englysshe kyng{is} wol¦de mete there at Leycetre for to go in to Walys. He lete ordeyne all the power y^t he had for to go fyght w^t these two kyn¦ges / but lytell it auayled hȳ / for his fol∣ke y^t he had were slayne & hȳself fledde / & loste his londes for euer more. ¶And thele two kynges Adelbryght & Elfryde dwelled a whyle at Leycetre / & departed the londe amonge them / & toke homag{is} & feautees of the folke of the countree. And after they wente towarde Walys / & tho of Walys herde telle of the scom∣fyture y^t Brecinall had at Leycetre / & we¦re wonder sore adrad of tho two kyng{is}. & toke & chose amonges them good men and holy of heremytes / monkes & pr••e∣stes / & of other people grete plente that wente bare foot & wulwarde for to ha∣ue mercy of these two kynges. But tho kyng{is} were so sterne & so wycked y^t they wolde neuer speke to them but them sle∣we euerychone. Alas for sorowe / for they ne spared them no more than the wulf doth y^• shepe / but smote of theyr heedes euerychone / & so they were all martred y^t tho them came / that is to vnderstande .v.C. & .xl. After they went fro thens to Bangor for to slee al those y^t they myght there fynde of y^• Brytons. And whan y^• Brytons herde that / they assembled & or¦deyned all ther power for to fyght with them. Tho was there a baron in Walys that was called Bledrik of Cornewale

that somtyme was lorde of Deuenshy∣re but the kynge Adelbright had dryuen hym out in to Walys / & after there he yaue them batayll. And at that batayll was kynge Adelbright slayne / & Elfry∣de sore woūded & forsoke the felde / & the moost partye of his people slayne. And Elfryde fledde in to Northumberlonde that was his owne londe. ¶And after the people of Leycetre shyre made with strength Cadewan that was Brecinals sone kynge of Leycetre / & he after reg∣ned nobly & with grete honour.

¶How Cadewan kynge of Leycetre & Elfryde kyng of Northumberlonde we¦re frendes / & of the debate y^t after was bytwene Edwyn & Cadwalyn that we∣re bothe theyr sones.

ANd after that this batayll was done y^t Brytons assembled them & wente thens & came to Leycetre / & ma¦de there Cadewan y^t was Brecinals so∣ne kynge of Leycetre & of all the coūtree And he toke homages & feauters of all the folke of the coūtree. And after that he assembled a grete hoste / & sayd he wol¦de go in to Northumberlonde / to destroy kynge Elfryde & slee hym yf he myght And whan he was come thyther / fren∣des wente so bytwene them that they ac∣corded them in this manerr / that Elfry¦de sholde holde all the londe fro Northū¦berlonde to Scotlonde•• & Cadewan shol¦de haue all y^• londe a this syde Humbre to y^• South / & after they were good tren¦des all theyr lyf / & loued as they had ben brethern. ¶And this Elfryde had a so∣ne called Edwyn y^t helde all the londe of Northumberlonde after his faders deth as his fader had holde all his lyf tyme. ¶And Cadewan had an other sone cal¦led Cadwalin y^t helde his faders londe as ••e it helde whyle he was a lyue•• and these loued as brethern. And the loue la∣sted betwixt them but oonly two yere / & after began debate betwixt them thrugh a symple enuyo••••s cosyn of Cadwalins. called Bryens / so y^t they assembled a gre¦te hoste in bothe partyes. And at the last it befell that Cadwalin was dyscomfy∣ted / & Edwyn hym pursued & droue hȳ fro place to place / so at the last he fledde in to Irlond. And the other destroyed & pylled his londe / & cast downe castels & brente his maners / & departed all Cad∣walins londe amonge his frendes. And longe tyme after came Cadwalin ayen fro Irlonde with a stronge power / & in playne batayll slewe Edwyn & all his frendes / & namely tho that withhelde his londes by Edwyns ye••te.

¶How kyng Os walde was slayne tho∣rugh kyng Cadwalin & Peanda & how Oswy that was saynt Oswaldes brod{er} regned after hym & slewe Peanda.

AS Edwyn was slayne. Offris his sone vndertoke the warre a∣yenst Cadwalin his came so y^t this Of¦fris deyed durynge y^• warre. And after y^• deth of this Offris tho regned a gentyl crysten man y^• moche loued god almygh¦ty y^t had all the londe of Northumberlon by herytage / that was called Os walde / & he was kynge of all y^• londe. But for as moche as he was frende to Edwyn / & helde a grete parte of y^• londe of Cad¦walin. This same Cadwalin warred vpon hym & droue hym towarde Scot∣londe. And whan Cadwalin sawe y^t he wolde not abyde. Cadwalin wolde noo lenger hym pursue / but toke some of ••is folke to Peanda his brod{er} in lawe & pray¦ed hym to pursue after Oswalde / tyll y^• he werr taken & slayne / & Cadwalin tor¦ned home ayen. ¶Whan Os walde ••er∣de these tydyng{is} y^• Cadwalin turned ho¦me ayen / he wolde no lenger flee but a∣bode Peanda & yaue hym batayll•• and Peanda was dyscomfyted & fledde / & ca¦me ayen to Cadwalin & sayd / y^t he wol∣de

de neuer holde oo foot of londe of hym / but yf so were that he wolde auenge hȳ of Oswalde. ¶Cadwalin lete assemble a grete hoste for to fyght with Oswald so that he & Peanda came to Northum∣berlonde & yaue batayll vnto Oswalde And in the same batayll was Oswalde slayne & his heed smyte•• of / & after he was entered at the abbay of Berdenay in whiche place god had wrought for hȳ many a fayre myracle / both there & elles where. ¶And anone Oswy his brother seased all the londe in to his honde that was this Oswaldes. And the folke of Northumberlonde loued hym wonderly well / & helde hym for theyr lorde. But he had men of his kȳne worthy ynough that wolde haue departed the londe / and they warred togyder wel. And for as mo¦che as they were not stronge ynoughe / they came to Peanda & prayed hym of helpe & socour. And behyght hȳ of that londe largely vpon this couenaūt / that he wolde them gouerne & helpe / & coun∣seyll. ¶Peanda herde theyr prayer / and so spake with Cadwalin / that he sholde ordeyne a grete hoste / & faste ordeyne hȳ in to Northumberlonde for to fyght with Oswy. And Oswy was a meke man / & moche loued peas & charyte / & prayed Peanda of loue & pens / & profred hym of golde and syluer grete plente. ¶And this Peanda was so proude that he nol∣de graunt hym peas for no maner thyn¦ge / but for all thynge he wolde with hȳ fyght. Soo at the last there was sette a daye of batayll. And Oswy euer trusted vpon god / and Peanda trusted to moche vpon pryde & vpon his hoste that he had And togyder they smote egrely / but Pe∣anda was anone dyscomfyted & slayne And this was after the Incarnacyon of our lorde Ihesu Cryste .v.C.lv. yere. And this Oswy regned .xxviij. yere. And a kynge that was called Oswyne / that was Peandaes cosyn warred vpon hym and togyder fought / but Oswy had the victory of Oswyne. And Oswyne was dyscomfyted & slayne / and lyeth at Tyn¦nemouth.

¶How kyng Cadwaldre that was Cad¦walins sone regned after his fader / and was the last kynge of Brytons.

AFter the deth of Cadwalin reg∣ned his sone Cadwaldre well & nobly. And his moder was the syster of Peanda. And whan he had regned .xij. yere / he felle in to a grete syknenesse / & then̄e was there a grete dyscorde bytwe∣ne the lordes of the londe / that euery of them warred vppon other. And yet in y^• tyme there fell so grete derth & scarsyte of corne & other vitaylles in this londe / y^t a man myght go .iij. or .iiij. dayes fro towne to towne y^t he sholde not fynde to bye for golde ne syluer brede. wyne. ne no¦ne other vitayle wherwith a man myght lyue. But oonly the people lyued by rot{is} of herbes / for other lyuyng had they no∣ne / so moche was it faylled all abowte / fysshes / wylde beestes / & all other thyn∣ge so that yet to this mysauenture / there fell so grete mortalyce & pestylente amō¦ge the people by the corrupcion of y^• ayre that the lyuynge people suffysed not to burye the deed bodyes. For they deyed so sodenly / both grete & smale / lorde & ser∣uaūt / in etynge goynge & spekynge / they fell downe & deyed / so y^t neuer was her∣de of more sodeyne deth amonge the peo¦ple. For he y^t wente for to burye the deed body / with the same deed body was bu∣ryed. And so they that myght flee / fledde & forsoke theyr londes & houses / as well for the grete hungre / derth & scarsyte of corne & other vitayll / as for y^• grete mor¦talyte & pestylence in the londe / & wente in to other londes for to saue theyr lyues & lefte the londe all deserte & wast / so y^t there was no man for to trauayle & tyl∣the the londe. So that the londe was ba¦rayne of corne & all other fruytes for de∣••a••••e

of tyllyers / and this mysauenture dured .xi. yere and more / that noo man myght ere ne sowe.

¶How Cadwaldre wente oute of this londe in to lytell Brytayne.

CAdwaldre sawe grete hūgre mor∣talyte & pestylence / and the londe all poore / & faylynge cornes & other vy∣taylles / and his folke perysshed / & sawe also y^• moost partye of his londe all wa∣sted & voyde of people. He appareylled hym & his folke that were lefte a lyue / & passed ouer in to lytell Brytayne with a lytell nauy vnto kynge Alayne that he moche loued / that was his cosyn / and that his fader had moche loued in his ty¦me. And as they sayled in the see / he ma¦de moche lamentacyon / & so dyde all tho that were with hym and sayd (Dedisti¦nos dn̄e tan•• oues esca{rum}. et in gentibus dispersisti nos)

ANd thenne began Cadwaldre to complayne hym to his folke py∣tously & sayd. Alas sayd he. to vs wret∣ches & caytyues is sorowe for our grete synnes / the whiche we wolde not amen∣de vs whyle we had space / & now repen¦taunce is comen vpon vs thrugh mysa∣uenture / whiche chaced vs out of our rea me & propre soyle. And out of the whi∣che s••••tyme Romayns. Scottes. Sax∣ons / neyther Danys / myght not exyle vs. ¶But what auaylleth it now to vs that before tyme / ofte tymes haue goten many other londes / syth it is not y^• wyll of god that we abyde and dwelle in our owne londe. God that is very Iuge that all thynges knoweth before they ben do∣••e or made / he seeth that we wolde not cesse of our synnes / & that our enmyes myght not vs ne our lygnage exyle fro / and out of our reame. He wolde that we amende vs of our folyes / & that we see our propre defawtess. And therfore hath shewed to vs wrath / and woll chastyse vs of our mysdedes. Syth that he doeth vs without batayl / or strength of our en¦myes / by greate companyes wretchedly to leue our reame & propre londe. ¶Tor¦ne agayne ye Romayns / torne agayne ye Scottes / torne agayne ye Saxons / tor¦ne agayne ye Fraūsoys. Now sheweth to you Brytayne all deserte / the whiche your power myght neuer make deserte / ne yet our power hath not put vs now in exyle But oonly the power of the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 almyghty / whome we haue often of∣fended by our folyes / the whiche we wol¦de not leue vntyll he chastysed vs by dy¦uyne power. ¶Amonge the wordes and lamentacyon that the kynge Cadwal∣dre made to his folke / they arryued in ly¦tell Brytayne / and came to kynge Aley ne before sayd. ¶And the kynge recey∣ued hym with grete Ioye / & made hym to be serued wonder nobly. And there a∣bode they longe tyme after. ¶The En¦glysshe people that were left a lyue and were escaped the grete hungre & morta∣lyte / lyued in the best wyse y^• they myght And moche people sprange & came of them. ¶And they sente in to Saron••e where that they were borne to theyr fron¦des for men / wymmen / and childern to restore the cytees with people & to w∣nes that were all voyde of people / & for to labour / traueylle / and tylthe the erthe ¶Whan the Saxons berde these trdyn¦ges / they came in to the londe wonder thycke in grete companyes / and herbe∣rowed themself in the coū••er all about where that they wolde / for they founde no man them for to lette ne withstonde. And so they wexed & multeplyed gretly. And vsed the maners and customes of the coū••re wherof they were come. And they vsed also the lawes and the langa∣ges and speche of theyr owne londe that they came fro. And also they chaunged all the names of cytees / townes / castel∣les / and brughs / and yaue them names

and called them as they now ben called And they helde the Countees. Barona∣ges & lordshyps in manere as the Bry∣tons before tyme had compassed them / And amonge other greate companyes that came from Germayne in to this londe / came y^• noble quene that was cal¦led Sexburga with men & wȳmen with¦out nombre. And arryued in the coūtree of Northumberlonde / & toke the londe from Albion vnto Cornewaylle for her & for her folke. For there was none that myght them lette / for all was desolate & vayde of people / but it were a fewe poore Brytons that were lefte on mountayns & woodes vntyll that tyme. ¶And fro that tyme forth loste the Brytons this reame for all theyr dayes. And the Eu∣glysshe people began to regne / & depar∣ted the londe bytwene them. And they made many kynges aboute by dyuerse partyes of the londe as here ben diuyded The fyrst of Westsexe / the seconde Mer¦cheurtche / the thyrde Estangle / the four∣the kente / the fyfth Southsex. All those regned in this londe after y^• Cadwaldre was passed out of this londe / & dwelled in lytell Brytayne with kynge Alayne his cosyn & true frende. And whan he had longe dwelled there / and had kno∣w••••••ge that the mortalyte & pestylence was ouerpassed and that the londe was repleaysshed ayen w^t people / he thought to tome ayen in to his londe. And prayed kynge Aleyne his cosyn of socour & hel∣pe that he myght be restored ayen to his owne propre reame and fyrfst dygnyte / And kynge Aleyne graunted hym his askynge. ¶Thenne dyde he appareylle hym to take his waye and vyage in to this londe. And prayed god almyghty de¦noutely that he wolde make to hym de∣monstracyon / yf his prayer to this londe were to hym pleasaūt or none / for ayenst the wyll of god almyghty he wolde noo thynge do. ¶Whan he had thus deuou∣tely made his prayer / a boys fro heuen to hym sayd. And badde hym leue that Iourney awaye in to Englonde / & that he sholde go to the pope of Rome / for it was not the wyll of almyghty god that the Brytons sholde regne more in Bry∣tayne / ne neuer recouer it vnto the tyme of the prophecye that Merlyn sayd befo¦re be fulfylletd. And that sholde neuer be vnto the tyme were come / that the re∣lyques of his body shall be brought fro Rome and translated in to Brytayne / And whan the relykes of other sayntes that haue ben hydde for the persecucion of the paynem folke shall be founde and and opely shewed / thenne shal they reco¦uer theyr londe ayen / the whiche they ha¦ue so longe tyme lost thrugh theyr deser¦tes. ¶Whan Cadwaldre had herde this answere / he meruaylled gretly and tol∣de it to kynge Aleyne. ¶Thenne kynge Aleyne dyde sende for the clergye of his londe / and made them to brynge the sto¦ryes & prophecyes that Me••lyn and Sy¦byll had sayd in theyr prophecyes. And whan he knewe that the prophecye that festom had prophecyed of the Egle. and other prophecyes accorded to the dy••yn answere that Cadwaldre had herde. He counseylled hym / and ryght faythfully desyred hym to leue his people & his na¦uy / and submytte hym to the dyspolicy∣on of god / and do all that the aungell had cōmaunded hym. ¶Thenne Cad∣waldre called Ynor his sone / and Yuori his cosyn that was his systers sone / and sayd to them. Taketh sayd he my folke & my nauy that is here all redy / and pas¦se in to Walys & be ye lordes of Brytons that no dyshonour come to them by in∣terrupcyon of the Paynem folke for de∣faute of lordes. ¶And then he hymself lefte his reame of Brytayne and his fol¦ke for euer more / and toke his waye vn∣to the pope of Rome Sergius / the whi∣che worshypped hym moche / and soo he was confessyd / and toke penaunce for his synnes. And he had not longe dwel∣led

there that he ne deyed / the .xij. Ka∣lendis in May / the yere of grace .v.C.lxxix.

¶How kyng Offa was souerayne abo¦ue all the kynges of Englonde / & how euery kynge warred vpon other.

IT befell so that all the kynges in that tyme that were in the londe. as they of Westsex. Marchenrych. Estan¦gle / of Kente / & of Southsex / & of other c••stes / eche warred vpon other. And he that was moost myghty toke the londe of hym that was moost feblest. ¶But there was a kynge amonge them that was called Offa / y^t was saynt Oswal∣des brother. This Offa conquered all the kynges of the londe / & regned aboue them all. ¶And so grete was the warre in euery countree bytwene kynges / that no man myght wyte how the londe wen¦te. ¶But abbotes / pryours / and men of Relygyon wrote the lyues and dedes of kynges / and how longe euery of them regned & in what countree / and in what manere euery kynge deyed / and of bys∣shops also. And therof made grete bok{is} and lete calle them Cronycles. And the good kyng Alured had that boke in his warde. And lete brynge it vnto Wynche∣stre / and lete it be fast tacked to a pylar that men sholde it not remeue / ne bere it thens / so that euery man sholde it see and therupon loke. For therin ben the lyues of all the kynges that euer were in Englonde.

¶How the kynge of Northumberlonde Osbryght forlaye the wyf of Buerne Bocarde thrugh strength / & after this Buerne conquered the kynge with po∣wer and strength.

ANd thus it befell in the same ty∣me / that there was a kynge in Northumberlonde that was called Os∣bryght / and soiourned at Yorke. ¶And this kynge wente hym vppon a daye in to a wood hym for to dysporte. And as he came ayen / he wente pryuely in to a good mannes house / that was called Buerne / and the good man of that pla¦ce was gone that tyme to the set. ¶For oftentymes there he was wonte to spye theues and robbers / that oftentymes we¦re wonte to come in to the londe / to rob∣be / brenne / and slee. The lady that was Buernes wyf was a wonder fayre wo∣man. ¶And the kynge came vnto her whan that her husbonde was absente / And she trusted none harme vnto the kynge / and welcomed hym with moche honour / and worthely hym serued in all thynge. ¶Whan the kynge had eten / he toke the lady by the hande and ladde her in to a chambre and sayd. He wolde speke with her a counseyll. And all the folke he made voyde fro the chambre / saue oonly the lady and he. But the la∣dy wyst not wherfore he it dyde tyll that he had done all his wyll. And whan he had done this dede / he tormed agayne to Yorke. And the lady he lefte there sort wepynge for the dede that the kynge to her hadde done. ¶And whan her lorde was come home and sawe her wepe and suche sorowe and mornynge make / he axed of her what she hadde done / and why she made suche sorowe. ¶S••re she sayd / subtylly and falsely the kyng Os∣bryght hath do me shame and vylanye ayenst my wyll. And tolde hym all the truthe how the kynge had forlayne her with sh••ngth / wherfore she sayd she had leuer to be deed than to lyue. ¶Fayre lo∣ue be styll sayd he / for ayenst strengthe feblenesse is lytell worthe / and therfore of me shalt thou neuer the lesse be loued and namely for thou haste tolde me the truthe. And yf almyghty god graunt to me my lyf I shall the auenge. ¶This Buerne was a grete man and a myghty lorde / and was well beloued & grete fren∣des

had. And lete sende for the grettest lordes of the loude / & to them made his complaynt of the despyte that the kyn∣ge to hym had done and sayd / he wolde be auenged how so euer it were. And all his frendes coūseylled hym that he shol¦de goo vnto Yorke there that the kynge was hym to defye. And Buerne tooke his mayne & came to the kynge. Whan the kynge hym sawe / he called hym cur∣tously Buerne by name. And Buerne hym answered & to hȳ sayd. Syt I you defye / and yelde vp feautees homages & londes / & as moche as I haue holden of you / and fro this tyme forwarde I wyll neuer of the no thynge holde. And so he departed fro the kynge without more speche or ony abydynge / and toke leue of his frendes & wente in to Denmarke / and playned to the kynge Godern / and tolde hym of the despyte of y^t the kynge Osbryght to hym had done of his wyf. and prayed hym of socour & helpe hym for to auenge ¶Whan kyng Godern of Denmark and the danys had herde the complaynt of this Buerne / & the prayer that he badde / they were ryght wonder gladde in theyr hertes / for as moche as they myght fynde a cause for to go in to Englonde for to warre vpon Englesshe¦men / and for to auenge Buerne of the despyte that the kynge Osbryght hadde done vnto his wyf. And for as moche as Buerne was sybbe vnto the kynge of Denmark / anone they lete ordeyne a grete hoste of men & lete ordeyne theym shyppes / and as moche as theym neded for to haue to that vyage. And whan all the hoste was redy / the kynge made his two brethern chyef capytayns / that we∣re noble knyghtes of body and also bol¦de. That one was called Hunga / & that other Hubba.

¶How the Danys toke Yorke / and sle∣we the kynge Osbryght / and soone af∣ter slewe kynge Elle.

AS all was redy the two bredern toke leue of the kynge Gode••n. & wente towarde the see for to passe ouer in to Englonde as faste as they myght spede. Now is Buerne so wel comforted & fast hyed hȳ w^t the Danys y^t they ben arryued in the North coūtree / & comen thrugh out Holdernes / & destroyed all y^• coūtree / & brenned townes / & robbed fol∣ke / & slewe all that they myght take tyll that they came vnto Yorke. And whan kynge Osbryght sawe them come / he to¦ke all his people that he had with hym and came out of the cyte & faught with them / but noo foyson he ne had ayenst them / & moche of the people that there was were slayne on bothe partyes. And kyng Osbryght hymself there was slay¦ne / & the cyte anone was take & the Da¦nys went in. ¶And there was also an o∣ther kynge in Northumberlonde / that Buernes frendes had chose & helde hym for kynge / a man that was called Elle / for as moche as they wolde not to kyng Osbryght he attendaūt / for the despyte that he had done vnto Buerne theyr to syn. ¶It befell thus that the kyng Elle was gone in to the wood hym for to dyf∣porte / & of venyson some he had taken. And as he sate in the wood at meete / to a knyght he sayd. We haue well spedde & moche venyson taken. ¶And w^t that worde came in a man & to hym sayd / yf ye so moche of venyson haue wonne / an hondred tymes somoche more ther ayen¦ste haue ye lost. For all this coūtree the Danys haue goten / & taken the cyte of Yorke / & ayenst you shall it holde / that neuer ye shall come therin / & for so mo¦che they haue slayne kynge Osbryght / ¶ Whan kynge Elle herde these wor∣des / he lete assemble all the folke of the coūtree / & ordeyned all the power that he myght haue. And wolde haue goten the towne of Yorke with strength. But the Danys came out anone & yaue hym a stronge batayll. And slewe the kynge

Elle and the moost parte of the people that he had brought with hym. ¶And the same place there they were slayne / shall euer more be called Elle crofte / & that place is a lytell from Yorke. ¶And tho rested the Danys neuer tyll y^• they hadde conquered all Northumberlonde. And in that coūtree they made Wardey¦nes / and wente further in to the londe / and toke Notyngham. And there they abode all the wynter & dyde all the soro¦we that they myght. ¶And after whan Somer tyme came they remeued from Notyngham and came in to Nicholl & Lyndesey / and to Holonde. For no man myght them withstande / soo moche po∣wer & strength they had.

¶How saynt Edmonde the kynge was martyred.

ANd soo ferre hadde the Danys passed from countree to coūtree. and euer more brennynge and robbyn∣ge and destroyenge all that they myght tyll they came vnto Tethforde. ¶And in that countree they founde a Crysten kynge / that moche loued god and his werkes that was called Edmonde. And he was a kyng of Northfolke & South folke. ¶This saynt Edmonde kyng or deyned as moche folke as he myght / & fought with the Danys / but he and his folke were dyscomfyted / and the kynge hymself dryuen vnto the castell of Fra∣melynham. And the Danys hym purse wed / and came vnto the same castell / And whan kynge Edmonde sawe that the castell myght not them withstande / he came ayenst theym / with whome the Danys fyrst dyd speke. And anone they axed of hȳ where kynge Edmonde was ¶Now forsoth sayd he whan I was in the castell / there was the kynge / & whan I wente out of the castell he wente out also / & whether he shall escape or depe / at goddes wyll muste it all be. ¶Whan saynt Edmonde hadde named god / by that worde wyste they well all y^t it was hymself. And anone Hubba & hungar toke hym & sayd / that he sholde god for∣sake & all crysten lawes / as many other had done hym before. ¶And saynt Ed∣monde sayd that he wolde neuer but ra¦ther he wolde suffre deth for goddes lo∣ue & his lawes to. ¶Tho toke they kyn¦ge Edmonge & bonde hym vnto a tree / & made theyr archers to shote at hym w^t arowes / tyll that his body stycked as ful of arowes as an orchen is full of pre•• / kes. But for all the payne that they hȳ¦dyde he wolde neuer god forsake. And in the same payne & torment he deyed / & betoke his soule vnto almyghty god / ¶ And whan they sawe that he was de¦de / they smote of his heed. And of this maner as ye haue herde was saynt Ed¦monde martred.

¶How Hubba & Hungar toke the tow∣ne of Redynge.

SO whan Saynt Edmonde was martyred. Hungar & Hubba yede thens with all the Danys vnto Redyng And as they wente thytherwarde they brente townes & cytees / & slewe all cry∣sten peple that wolde not forsake: god / & cast downe chirches & came to Redynge & toke the towne & there helde them tyll that the kynge Edelf of Westsex came thyther with all his power for to take y^• townes. Tho came out the Danys for to yeue batayll to Edelf / & at that ba∣tayll was slayne an erle of the Danys that was called Sidiak. Vpon the mo∣rowe came kynge Eldred and his bro∣ther Alured with a stronge power and a grete hoste. And the kynge Edelf came agayne that had foughten the daye be∣fore to that bataylle. And the Danyo tho came out for to fyght with theym / And the bataylle was wonder stronge / for many a man was there slayne / and

the Danys that daye had the vyctorye / And the kynge Eldred & his broder Alu¦trd y^t daye were dyscomfyted. ¶But the fourth daye afterwarde / the Danys & y^• Englysshe fought togyder an other ty∣me vpon Elkedene / & there was slayne a kynge of Denmarke y^t was called Ra¦fin / & foure erles of grete power. And y^t daye had the Danys shame / for they we redryuē vnto Engilfelde. ¶And the .xv. daye after the Danys & the Englysshe men fought an other tyme at Rafynge & there were the Englysshmen dyscom∣fyted / & from thens a dane that was cal¦led Roynt wente to redynge w^t his hoste & destroyed all that he myght take. And kynge Eldred faught with hym / but he was wounded sore wherfore he deyed / And he regned but .v. yere / and lyeth at Womborn.

¶Circa annū dm̄ .iiij.C.xlix.

LEo the fyrst was Emperour af¦ter Marcianus .xvij. yere. In his tyme were the Rogacyon dayes ordey∣ned afore the Ascensyon / of saynt Mar∣met bysshop of vyenne. ¶The pope of Rome at that tyme hyght Leo a noble clerke / and with hym had many clerkes. ¶Hellari{us} was pope after Leo .vij. yere This man ordeyned y^t no bysshop shol∣de ordeyne his successary (vt pʐ .viij. lx. i. ¶Simplicius was pope after hym / whi¦che ordeyned that no clerke sholde take no garment to be clothed in after the se¦culer maner of a laye man / by the rea∣son of his offyce or of his benefyce. ¶Ze no was Emperour after Leo .xv. yere / & this man was an heretyke and cruell a∣yenst crysten men. And in this mannes dayes the bodyes of saynt Mathewe the Euangelyst & saynt Barnaby were foū¦de / & with them the gospell that saynt Mathewe wrote. ¶About this tyme the∣re was a certayne comyn woman bare vij. childern at oo byrth / of the whiche one was made after. kynge of Lomb••••¦dye. ¶Felix the thyrde was pope after Simplicius thre yere & .viij. monethes. This man ordeyned that respyte sholde be yeuen to a man that was accused that be myght auyse hym how he sholde an∣swere. And that the Iuges & the accusers sholde be suche / & y^t they sholde take all suspeccyon & spotte. ¶Gelasius a Ro∣mayne was pope after Felix .v. yere / this man ordeyned the Canon of the masse. with the Preface / ympnes / tractes / ory∣sons / as saynt Ambrose made them / & that ordres sholde be yeuen foure tymes in the yere. ¶Anastasi{us} was Emperour after Zeno .xxvij. yere / & he was a cursyd man & an heretyke / and hatefull to god & man. And he was slayne with lyght∣nynge. And in his tyme deyed saynt Pa¦tryk the fyrst bysshop of Irlonde / in the L.xxij. yere of his aege. And his felowe was y^e abbot of Columba & saynt Bry∣gyda whom saynt Patryk made a Nōne And they were buryed in one tombe / & at dyuers tymes / & this is the Epitaphi (Hij tres in gelido: tumulo tumulantur in vno. Brigida patricius: at{que} colum∣ba pius) ¶Anastasius a Romayne was pope after Gelasius two yere and thre monethes. The whiche ordeyned y^t no preest for wrath ne hate sholde leue of to saye his dyuyne seruyce in the chirche / excepte the masse. And he cursyd them∣perour Anastasius / for he was an here∣tyke / & it is wryten of hym / that after∣warde he torned for drede to y^• opynyon of the Emperour. And he is called the seconde euyll famed pope that is in (Ca¦tholico pontificū) And afore hym was Liberius famed in heresye.

¶Anno dm̄ .iiij.C.lxxxiiij.

SImachus was pope after hym .xv. yere / & with hym was ordey∣ned an other pope that was called Lau∣rencius / and betwixt them was a grete

dyscencyon. And they bothe put them to the Iugement of Theodoria the kynge & he Iuged that he y^t was fyrst ordened & that moost men of the chirche helde w^t sholde be pope. And Symachus preualid the whiche loued the clergy & poore men & for Paschalius the deaken Cardynall helde ayenst Symachus with the parte of Laurence to his dethe. Therfore he was put to the paynes of purgatory / to kepe the batthes after his deth / as Gre∣gory sayth in his booke of Dyalogis. This man ordeyned that (Gloria in excelsis) sholde be sayd euery sondaye and feestes of martyrs.

¶Nota ¶That Englonde was lon∣ge tyme Crystened afore Fraunce.

CLodianus the fyrst crysten kynge of Fraunce / was this same tyme baptysed of saynt Remigio / & he had a crysten woman to his wyf / & she meued hȳ many tymes to the fayth & sayd. He sholde be fortunable & victoryous yf he wolde torne / & so he was & neuer afore. ¶Hornusda was pope after Synachus ix. yere. This man was of grete mercy & almesse to poore men / & ornament{is} he yaue many to chirches. And he reconsy∣led the Grekes / the whiche were cursyd for theyr heresye. ¶Iustinus was Em∣perour after Anastalius. And he regned ix. yere & was a very crysten man / & all y^• euer themperour Anastas{us} had done ••yenst the chirche / he reuoked / & obeyed the pope Hornusda / & called ayen y^t bys∣shops y^• were exyled by his predecessours ¶Priscianus grāmacicus was this ty∣me. And this yere the whiche is the .lxxi. fro the comynge of the Saxons / began the kyngdom of west Saxon / & Cerdico was kynge. ¶Iohānes was pope after Hornusda thre yere & .ix. monethes. And Theodoricus the kynge of Ytaly an he∣retyke toke y^• pope w^t other Senatours and sente them to the Emperour Iusti∣nus / determynynge that & he wolde not lete y^• heretykes be in peas he sholde slee all the crysten folke in Ytaly. And after be toke pope Iohn̄ & Sunachū patriciū & Boyciū the Senatours & slewe them in pryson. But Boys defended hym by the reason of chauctoryte of the Sena∣tours / & he sente hym to the cyte of Pa∣py for perpetuell eryle / where he made the boke De psolatiōe philosophie. And at the last the coūtree of Mediolanen̄ he caused Boys throte to be cutte / & so he deyed. ¶Felix pope succeded Iohn foure yere. This man cōmaunded that syke men sholde be aneled for the dethe / but Cryste ordeyned it fyrst. ¶Iustimanus was Emperour .xxxviij. yere / this man drewe the lawe of the Romayns out of almoost .ij.M. bokes & .iij.C. verses ouer longe & acco••dynge in to oo volumen of xij. bokes & called it Iustinian. He made also the Digestes & deuyded them in to thre bok••s. & Bonifa{us} the seconde was pope after Felix two yere and lytell of hym is wryten. ¶Iohanes the seconde was pope after Bonifari{us} & this man had a grete stryf with Iustinian{us} them∣perour / wheder that Cryste was of two natures or one. The pope sayd / he had two natures. One of god / & an other of man. The Emperour sayd other con∣sente to vs / or thou shalt go in to perpe∣tuell exyle. The pope answered. I desy∣re to come to Iustunanus the moost cry¦sten Emperour / but as me semeth I ha¦ue foūde Dyoclesyan the persecutour of crysten man. But certaynly I drede not thy malyce / ne I frir not thy threty ages Thenne the Emperour meked by ••nself & fell downe to the gr••••lde / & asked mer¦cy and absolucyon.

¶Anno dm̄ .v.C.xxxiiij.

AGapitus a confessour was po∣pe after Iohn̄ two yere / this ••••ga¦pitus corned Iustinianus fro the errour

fully of the heretykes. This man ordey¦ned that processyons sholde be done the Sondayes / and thenne he dyed at Con∣stantynople. ¶Siluerius a martyr was pope after this man thre yere. He was exyled fro crysten fayth / and slayne by the proctour of Theodory. For he wolde not restore the bysshop of Athenes an he¦retyke to his benefyce ayen. ¶Virgili∣us was pope after hym .xvij. yere. And he entred euyll in to his benefyce / but he gouerned hym well. And he suffred his persecucyon pacyently. And he was exy∣led fro Rome. And at the last after gre∣te passyons of Theodory in Constanty¦nople deyed.

¶Synodus quarta constantinopolita∣na contra theodor{is} & om̄s hereticos alios fuit isto tempore. Ista synodus dampna uit heresim theodori. q^• dixit aliū esse deū verū. et aliū xp̄m. Et qd beata virgo nō sit de•• genitrix. sed hominis tantū.

¶Pelagius was pope after Virgilius foure yere and .x. monethes. This man ordeyned that heretykes Scismatykes & Renegates / sholde be punysshed by the seculer power. ¶Iohannes the thyrde was pope after this man .xiij. yere. Of this man lytell is wryten / but that he re∣stored the chircheyerde of the appostles Philyp and Iacob. ¶Iustinus the se∣conde after Iustinian was Emperour .xi. yere. This man despysed poore men He robbed the Senatours. He was ye∣uen to all coueytousnesse / so that he ma∣de chestes of yron / for to kepe his mo∣neye in. Thenne anone he felle in here∣sye / and wexed out of his mynde. ¶And thenne was chose Tyberi{us} a good man for to gouerne the comyn people. ¶Ty¦berius the seconde was Emperour after Iustinus .vij. yere. This man was a ver¦tuous man. He yaue Innumerable good to poore men. In so moche many tymes that his wyf chydde with hym and sayd that he cast awaye the goodes of the Em¦pyre as stones. And he answered ayen and sayd. I trust in god that our chestes shall neuer lacke of moneye / and we put tresour in to heuen. ¶And vpon a cer∣tayne daye whan he wente by his pa∣lays at Constantynople / he sawe in the marbyll pament a crosse grauen / and thought it sholde not be troden vppon / and cōmaunded that stone to be lyfte vp For the crosse ought to be put in the her¦tes of faythfull men / and there he foun¦de Inestymable tresour of golde. This man subdued Herses / & deyed blessydly ¶Benedictus was pope after Iohānes foure yere. This man suffred grete per∣secucyon of hungre pestylence & enmyes This man brought many a thousande quarter whete from Egypte / whan Ro∣me was besyeged by kynge Albanack / and almoost lost for vitayll. Wherfore they wrote on his graue this Epitaphi. ¶. Magna tuis monimenta pater bene¦dicte reliquis: virtutū titul{us} & decus 〈◊〉〈◊〉 dolor. ¶Pelagius was Emperour after Benedictus .v. yere. In his tyme Rome was besyeged by the Lombardes / and lytell he dyde in his dayes. ¶Maurici∣us was Emperour after Tyberius .xxi. yere. This man was a very crysten man and subdued Persas and Armenias / & in the later ende of his dayes / he dyscor∣ded with saynt Gregory / and entended to haue slayne hym. And thenne appe∣red a man in Rome clothed in a relygy¦ous habyte / holdynge a naked swe••de in his honde / and cryed about the Cy•••• in this wyse. The Emperour shall 〈◊〉〈◊〉 destroyed. The whiche the Empero•••• herde / and he corrected hymself of his trespaas / and prayed to god to withdra•• we his sentence. To whome our 〈◊〉〈◊〉 apperyd in his slepe & sayd. Wyll y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 I spare the now or in tyme to come. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he was a louer of wretches / and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 yeue me here my rewarde. Thenne 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he Emperour after many a daye. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 whan he sholde haue corrected his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 tes for the extorcyon that they dyde 〈◊〉〈◊〉

asked hym why that he wolde not paye them theyr wages. And so they fell at va ryaunce / & ••hose Foka for to be Empe∣rour & slewe hȳ & thre sones. ¶This tyme saynt Austyn came in to Englon∣de & ordeyned two Archebysshops / that is to saye / of London / & of Yorke by the cōmaūdement of saȳe ••regory. ¶And ••emembre y^• many tymes is made ••en∣cyon of dyuers regyons & coūtrees / that oftyme they haue be torned to the fayth For alway the fayth abode not in them for dyuers causes. So it is of Englon∣de. Fraunce. Persia. Iewery. And in this thynge Rome was pryueleged / for the fayth of Peter neuer fayled. ¶focas was Emperour after Maurici his may ster / whom he & other slewe. And by can se he began euyll he ended nought. For in his dayes the Romayns faught stron gely ayenst the Persees / & the Roma••s were dyscomfyted & lost many a prouyn ce. And at the last he was ouercome and slayne of Heraclius. For as he dyde vnto other men / so he was done vnto.

¶Anno di•• .v.C.lxxxiiij.

••Regory the fyrst a Romayne & a monke was pope after Pelagius xi••. yere. This man was called Grego ••••us magnus for many thyngs•• y^• he exceded in. He passed other men in power / in ty ches / in vertue / in noblynesse / in wysedo∣me / in holynesse / in fame / & in experyen te. And vnder this man the euyl thyng•• of cursydnesse passed were sessyd. And many a noble bolre he wrote to the In∣comparable profyte of all holy chirche / He was one of the pryncypall doctours of all the foure doctours of the chirche / This man forsoth alone w^t saynt Fabi an after saynt Peter / was chosen of god in all the ordres of the popes of Rome / Many chynges he ordeyned in the chir∣che / as is shewed in his regystre Deus in adiutoriū) for to be afore the begyn∣nynge of the houres he cōmaūded to be sayd. He renewed & made all the offyces of the chirche in a fayre & a more com∣pendyous manere / the whiche abydeth yet vnto this daye / & is called Gregoria nū. And shortly for to conclude on this holy man / mānes tonge can not expresse lyghtly the louynges of this man / what in wrytynges / & also in example of ver∣tuous dedes. ¶Saninianus was pope after Gregory one yere & .v. monethes. this man ordeyned y^• tyngynge of belles at the houres of the daye / but this man bachyted saynt Gregory for his lybera∣lyte y^• he had to poore men / & thought he see saynt Gregory rebuked hȳ th••••es for it. And the fourth tyme he laye in his bedde / and thought saynt Gregory smo¦te hym on the heed / & he waked & dered anone. This was the thyrde pope amon¦ge all the popes / the whiche is noted to deye dredefull deth. ¶Bonifacius the thyrde was pope after Saninianus .viij monethes. He ordeyned that none but whyte clothes sholde be put vppon the awter. ¶Bonifaci{us} the fourth was po∣pe foure yere & .viij. monethes / this man putchaced of y^• Emperour Focas y^• chir∣che of saynt Peter of Rome sholde be y^• heed of all the chirche in the worlde. For afore Constantynople was the heed chir¦che. Also he gate lycence that the chirche called Panton the whiche was dedycate to the honour of Neptunus and other fals goddes / where crysten men many tymes were slayne of deuylles / myght be dedycate to the worshyp of all sayn∣tes in heuen. ¶This man ordeyned that monkes myght vse the offyet of prechynge / crystenynge / and confessyn∣ge. ¶Heraclius was Emperour after Focas .xiij. yere. And in the thyrde yere of his regne. Cosdias the kynge of Per∣se brente Ierusalem and other worshyp∣full places. Zachary the patryarke with other moche people he toke in captyuyte The parte of the holy crosse the whiche

Eleyne lefte there he toke with hym in to his coūtre. But the .xij. yere of Hera∣clius. Cosdras was slayne of Heraclius & the crosse was brought ayen / the peo∣ple were delyuered. And whan Heracli{is} wolde haue entred the cyte proudly / the yates of the cyte by power of god chytte therself / & y^• Emperour meked hym to god aboue & y^• yates opened. And thenne was the feest of the exaltacōn of y^e crosse made. ¶Deus dedit was pope after Bo¦nifaci{us} thre yere / this was an holy man For on a certayne daye whan he kyssed a lepre / anone y^• lepre was hole. ¶This tyme a Cyteyzin of London thrugh the mocyon of Ethelbryght buylded a chir∣che of saynt Peter in the West parte of London / in a place y^t was called Thor∣neye.

¶Circa annū dm̄ .vi.C.xliiij.

BOnifacius the fyfthe was pope after Deus dedit fyue yere. The whiche ordeyned that no man sholde be taken out of the chircheyerde. And lytell elles of hym is wryten.

¶Nota Machomitum.

¶Machomite the duke of Sarrasyns & Turkes was this tyme. And he was y^• dysceyuer of all the worlde / a false pro∣phete / the messenger of the deuyll. The forgooer of Antecryst / the fulfyller of he¦rerye / & of all fals men the meruayllest. Of whon the dominacion thus began / ¶ There was a certayne famous clerke at Rome / & coude not spede in his ma∣ters that he desyred to haue spedde in. Thenne he receded from Rome ouer y^• see / & procured many a man to haue go∣ne with hym. Amonge whome was this Machomyte a grete man of wytte. And this clerke promysed hym to make hym duke of the countree yf he wolde be gy∣ded after hym. ¶There he nourysshed a douue / & put all the corne y^• the douue ete in Machomyt{is} eere / & so this douue had neuer no mette but in his eere. The forsayd clerke on a daye called the peo∣ple & meued them to chese suche a pryn∣ce as y^• holy ghost wolde shewe to them in lykenesse of douue. And anone this clerke secretly lete flee this douue / y^• whi¦che after his olde custome that he was wonte to / fell anone to y^• sholder of Ma¦chomyte & put his bylle in his eere. And the people sawe this / anone he was cho∣sen duke of that people of Corosame / he sayd that he was the very prophete of god. Thenne he made a boke of his la∣we that was called Alkaron. But he dy¦de it by Informacōn of thre of his may∣sters. To whome the deuyll mynystred the auctoryte and the connynge. ¶The fyrst mayster was a Iewe a grete Astro∣nomyer & a Nygromancer. The secon∣de was Iohn̄ de Anthiochia. The thyr∣de was Sergius an heretyke. And these thre made an vngracyous lawe and an vnhappy. ¶And what some euer was harde of byleue and noyous to do / they lefte that out of the lawe / and they put that thynge in the lawe / the whiche the worldly men were prone and redy to do. That is to saye. Glotony / lechery / rapy¦ne / & suche other. And also this Macho¦myte ordeyned that a man sholde haue as many wyues as he myght occupye & fynde / and refuse them twyes or thryes / or foure tymes / and take them agayne / And many meruayllous & fals thynges he made in his lawe / the whiche were to longe to reherce here. But they be play∣ne in his boke of Alkaron. And euer he wrote in his boke / that our lorde spake to Machomyte his prophete / sayenge on this wyse / or on this. ¶Thus by his fal¦se meanes he dysceyued the people. And whan his maysters & he had made this that was so delectable. He wrote it in a bo•••• with letters of golde. And also he nourysshed a myghty camell secretly in a pryue place / and aloonly with the ho••¦des of Machomyte was alwaye fedde /

And there pryuely he tyed this boke of the lawe that he had made about the ca¦mels necke / and put this camel forth on a tyme in to the felde afore daye. And this camell Ioyed in his lybertee / for he was neuer lose afore. And he wolde suf∣fre no man to come & touche hym. And so there was a grete fame of suche a ca∣mell / and all the people ranne to see hȳ Amonge whom was this Machomyte. But whan the camell sawe hym y^• had fedde hym alwaye. Anone he ranne vn∣to hym. And he had taught this camell afore tyme to falle downe on his knees and lycke his hondes. And so he dyde a∣fore all that people. The people thenne cryed and sayd / that there was a very en¦sample that he was the true prophete of god. ¶Thenne they prayed Machomy∣te to open that holy boke with his holy hondes / the whiche was sente from he∣uen euermore to be kepte. In the whiche boke is shewed how the people shal wor¦shyp god. ¶And Machomyte sayd / this boke was wryten with aungels honde / So by these fals meanes / he torned to his lawe all the londe of Perse / and all the Erst Imperyall agaynst Heraclium the Emperour. And he occupyed vnto the ende of Alexandre and Egypte. Li∣bia. Arabia and Siria. Thenne after he enfected all Affrycam. And but the grace of god withstode hym / he had en∣fected all Spayne and Fraunce. And many other thynges he dyde / whiche we¦re to moche to wryte in this boke.

COnstantyne the thyrde / the sone of Heraclij was Emperour .xxvij. yere. This Constantyne was a grete ty∣raunt & a cursyd man / and an heretyke Fals / subtyll / and odyous to crysten men Ne he gaaf no place to pope Mertyne / And he reysed a grete hoste agaynst the Lombardes. And there he lost the felde / and fledde vnto Rome. And honourably was receyued of the pope Vit••llianus / & other of the cyte. And he rewarded not them lyke after theyr merytes as a pryn¦ce sholde haue done. But vsed forth ty∣rannye and heresye. Wherfor at the last he was slayne of his owne knyghtes in a bath / the whiche wolde no lenger suf∣fre his tyrannye. And soo he wretchedly lyued / and deyed vnhappely. ¶Marti∣nus the fyrst was pope after Theodor .vi. yere. This Martinus was a very ho¦ly man / & strongely stroue for the fayth of god. And whan he sange masse on a certayne daye at the awter / there purse∣wed hym to slee hym a man that was called Spatarius of Olymphe. And whan he wolde haue smyten hym / he was blynde sodaynly. This same man called a Synodi in the cyte of Rome / and dampned Syrum. Alexandrū Ser∣gium. Pyrum / and Paulum heretykes. Wherfore Constantyne the Emperour expled hym / and he deyed a saynt. ¶Eu¦geni{us} a Romayne was pope after Mar∣tyne almoost thre yere / and was an holy man / but of hym lytell actes is wryten. ¶Vitellianus was pope after hym. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 yere. This man made the songe that the Romayns vse / and accorded it also with the organys. And he also had the grace of the Emperour / the whiche was wrothe with his predecessours. Neuerthe¦lesse afterwarde he stode not in his con∣co••de. Ne hytherto I coude not fynde / that euer the churche of Rome had fully after the deth of Constantyne y^• mygh∣ty / the lordshyp of the cyte and of other the whiche he yaue to the churche.

¶Anno dm̄ .vi.C.xliiij.

ADeodatus a Romayne was po∣pe after Vitellianus foure yere / and in his dayes was translated the bo∣dy of saynt Benedictus / with the body of Saynt Scolastica his syster fro the hylle of Cassin vnto the monasterys of Floriecens nyghe Aurelian. ¶Consta••

tyne the fourthe was Emperour after his fader Constantyne the cursyd man This Constantyne was a good man & hated heretykes ouer all thynge. The chirche he repeyred / and grace he recon∣syled agayne to the chirche of Rome / & he with the pope gadred togyder the .vi. generall Synodus / in the whiche was graunted to preestes of Grece / for to vse theyr leyffull wyues / & to the preestes of the Eest for cause of grete hete / but not to those of the West party by no meanes For they amytted chastyte in the tyme of saynt Gregory. And euery man may auertyse & pondre how moche the good∣nes of a prynce is worthe / to the quyete state of the chirche / & to the promocyon of the fayth / and also the contrary / how moche the malyce of a prynce hurteth that thynge. These two Constantyns the fader & the sone shewed openly. For in the faders dayes the chirche neuer had rest / and in the sones tyme it was quye∣te. Yet neuertheles our lorde suffred the Sa••rasyns and the Bulgars to entre in this Emporours londe / that he them myght not withstande / but that he ma∣de his peas with them / & payed to them yerely a truage / so myghtely preuaylled that cursyd secte of Machomyte / & after he deyed blessydly. ¶Nota.

¶That there were .vi. generall Syno∣dus / and moost pryncypall of the whi∣che the auctoryte is equall to the gospell for the truthe of the gospell is declared by them ayenst the .vi. pryncypall here∣syes the whiche strongely trowbled the chirche for the subtyltee of those herety∣kes to dysceyue symple men. ¶This ty¦me deyed saynt Cedde of Lytchefelde / y^• thyrde yere of his bysshopryche. ¶De¦mus a Romayne was pope after Adeo∣datus thre yere. Of this man lytell is wryten. ¶Bonifacius was pope after hym / & lytell of hym is wryten / but that he lyued lyke a preest. ¶Agatho was po¦pope after hym / and he was a very ho∣ly man. For on a daye whan he kyssed a lepre / the lepre anone was made hole /

¶Iste et de consensu principis iussit ce¦lebrari sextū sinodū apud ostantinopoli CC.lxxx. ep̄o{rum}. in qua asseret duas natu¦ras et duas voluntates esse in xp̄o.

¶Leo the seconde was pope after Aga∣tho thre yere / this Leo was an holy man and suffycyentely taugh in latyn & gre∣ke / this man ordeyned that the pax shol¦de be yeuen after Agnus dei / and deyed a blessyd man. ¶Benedict••s the secon∣de was pope after Leo almoost thre yere This man about all thynge was ver∣tuous / & his name accorded with his de∣des. And in his tyme was a grete pesty∣lence. ¶Iustinian{us} the seconde was Em¦perour this tyme / & he was a very good man / a prudent & a large / and he encrea¦ced the Empyre of Rome myghtly / but but he charged the offyce of the chirche ouer moche. Many lawes he made / and after was not good / he intended to haue lette y^• decrees of the .vi. Synodus / wher¦fore the .x. yere of his Empyre he was ta¦ken of Leo the prynce of Patricio and Tyberio / & they cutte of his nose & his tonge & exyled hym to Crysonā. There was then turbacyon in y^• chirche for stry¦ue & heretykes. ¶And knowe all men whan varyaunce falleth betwixt grete lordes / thenne errours ben multeplyed / for there is no man corrected them / ther∣fore that is oftentyme preued in the chir¦che. Thenne after felle a varyaunce be∣twixt Leo and Tyberio. And Tybereo preuaylled / & he exyled Leo / & cutte of his nose the thyrde yere of his regne / & regned for hym. Iustinianus fledde to the Sarrasyns & the Bulgars / the whi¦che restored hym ayen to his Empyre / & slewe Leo and Tyberio / the whiche fauoured heretykes. Thenne this same Iustinianus refourmed hymself to the chirche of god / & had grete repentaunce But he venged hym to cruelly on his aduersaryes / so that he wolde haue slay

〈◊〉〈◊〉 theyr Innocent childern. Therfore he was slayne with his sone / of Phylyp whom he exyled.

¶Anno dm̄ .vi.C.lxxxiiij.

IOhānes the fyfth was pope after Benedict{us} ••o yere / he was a good man / but he decessid anone. ¶Zeno was pope after hym. And he was a very ho∣ly man / for he wolde not medle with se∣culer maters. And in beaute he was an angell / quyete in vertues / & meke in sou¦le / and very demure in langage of his re¦lygyons lyf / this man was chosen at the last with one accorde of the chirche and laye men. But there was a grete distync¦cyon / for the Clergy entended to haue chose Perys the Archebysshop. And the hoste of alye men wolde haue had Theo¦dorum a preest. But at the last the holy ghost tourned the wyll of all this people in to this holy man. ¶Sergins was po¦pe .ix. yere. This man was vertuous & comendable in his lyf. And in his elec∣cyon a grete dyscorde was / for one par∣tye of the clergye chose Theodorū / and an other partye Paschalem. But as our lorde wolde at the last they tourned all to this man. This man translated the body of saynt Leo. He also founde a gre¦te parte of y^• holy crosse by myracle. And he crystened Cadwaldre the laste kynge of Brytayne. He cōmaūded (Anus dei) to be sayd or songe thryes at masse. And decessyd blessydly. ¶Nota.

¶Saynt Beda the worshypfull preest was this tyme a grete man of fame in Englonde / the whiche was take the .vij. yere of his ••ege to Benedict the abbot Gyrwyen̄ monastery to be taught. And thenne after to Colfrido the abbot after the deth of Benedict. And at the .xix. ye¦re of his aege he was made Deaken of the bysshop of Yorke. And at .xxx. yere he was made preest / in the whiche yere he began to ••yte. So he contynued all the tyme of his lyf in that monastry / in geuynge his labours to wrytynge & scryp¦ture to be expowned. He made .lxxviij. bo¦kes / the whiche he nombreth in the ende of his Englysshe boke. This man was euer in labour other in prayer or in syn∣gynge dayly in the chirche / or to lerne or teche or wryte. For whiche thynge men may Iuge by reason that he was neuer at Rome / all though some saye he went to Rome that he myght see that his bo∣kes accorded with the doctryne of the ho¦ly chirche. But it was certayne that he was blynde / and wente to preche / & had a seruaunte that was not good / & made hym to preche to a myghty multytude of stones and sayd / that they were men. And whan all his sermon was done / the stones answered and sayd. Amen. But that he wente to Rome thryes / and foū∣de wryten thre arres / thre effes / and e••¦powned them / it was neuer foūde in no boke of auctoryte. There was after the talkynge of the people suche a wrytyng on the yates of Rome (RRR. FFF) And suche an exposition (Regna Rome Ruent. Ferro Flama Fame) But it is certayne that Beda was desyred to co∣me to Rome by the wytynge of Serg••∣us the pope to Colfrido his abbot. And this Beda translated y^• gospell of saynt Iohan in to Englysshe tonge / & dysses∣syd blessydly. The fame sayth that now he lyeth at Deuelyn with saynt Cuthber¦te / & there is buryed with hym the kno∣wlege of y^• dedes of Englonde almoost to the conquest. ¶Leo the seconde was Emperour / and lytell of hym is wryten. ¶Liberius was Emperour after hym vij. yere / he rose ayenst Leo & entred his kyngdom / and kepte hym in pryson as longe as he regned. In his tyme Iusti∣nianus the seconde whiche in olde tyme was exyled to Crysonam openly sayd / he wolde recouer his Empyre agayne. Wherfore the people of that coūtree / for the loue of Liberius / were about to slee

that Iustinianus. Wherfore he fledde to the prynce of Thurco{rum} & wedded his syster. And thorugh helpe of his brother & the Bulgars he recouered his Empy¦re & slewe Liberius and Leo the vsurper of his reame. And as many tymes al∣moost as he wyped ony drope from his nose / the whiche they kytte of / so many tymes he made one of his enmyes to be slayne. ¶Leo the thyrde was pope after Sergius two yere. This man was ma∣de pope by the power of the Romayns & was not put in the nombre of popes / for he euyll entred / but he dyde none e∣uyll. ¶Iohannes the .vi. was pope after hym a Greke. And he was a martyr / but of whom and wherfore the cause is not foūde in hystoryes. It is sayd / that it was of the dukes of Lombardy / for they were enmyes to the chirche myghte¦ly. ¶Iohānes the .vij. a Romayne was pope after hym thre yere / but no thynge of hym is wryten. ¶Iustinianus was Emperour ayen with his sone Tyberi{us} .vi. yeres. And this was he the whiche was reued the Empyre afore by Leo / And whan this man was restored ayen he toke hym to the ryght fayth / & wor∣shypped the pope Constantyne. And cer¦taynly he destroyed Creson y^• place whe¦re he was exyled vnto / and all that dwel¦led in it / except y^• childern he slewe them And he came ayen an other tyme to ha¦ue slayne the Innocentes. And the men of that countree made them a capytay∣ne / a certayne man that was called Phi¦lyp an outlawe / the whiche anone wen∣te to hym in batayll / and slewe hym for his outrageous cruelnesse ayenst those children. ¶Sysinnius was pope twenty dayes / and thenne was grete stryfe / and he decessyd / but lytell of hym is wryten. ¶Constantyne was pope after hym .vij yere. This man was a very meke man and so blessyd / that of all men he was beloued. He wente ouer the see to Iusti∣nianus the Emperour / and was recey∣ued with grete honour / and deyed a bles¦syd man. ¶Philyp the seconde was Em¦perour one yere / the whiche fledde in to Scicilia for the hoste of the Romayns / And he was an heretyke / and cōmaun∣ded all pyctures of sayntes for to be de∣stroyed. Wherfore the Romayns cast a∣waye his coyne / ne wolde not receyue no moneye that his name or ymage were wryten vpon. ¶Anastasius the seconde after he had slayne Philyp was Empe∣rour thre yere. This man was a crysten man / and he lyued well. But by cause he put out Philyps eyen / and slewe hym afterwarde. And therfore Theodosius faugh ayenst hym and ouercame hym / & thenne he was made a preest / and ly∣ued so quyetly.

¶Anno dm̄ .vij.C.xiiij.

GRegorius the seconde was pope after Constantyne .xvij. yere / this Gregorius was a chaste man & a noble man in scrypture. And about this tyme the popes began to deale more temporal¦ly with the Emperours than they were wonte for theyr falsnesse & theyr heresye. & also for to remeue thempyre fro oo pe∣ple to an other as y^• tyme requyred / this man cursyd Leo the Emperour by cause he brente the ymages of sayntes. This same Leo cōmaūded Gregorius the po∣pe that he sholde brenne chirches & des∣troye them. And he sette noo thynge of his sayenge / but cōmaunded the coūtra∣ry manly. And soo it is openly shewed / that the destruccyon of the Empyre of Rome / was the cause of heresye. For cer¦taynely faythfull people with the pre∣lates with one wyll / drewe to the pope / and constrayned the Emperours for to leue theyr tyrannye and theyr heresye / ¶ And this tyme in the eest parte of the worlde strongly faylled the very fayth / for y^• cursyd lawe of y^• fals Mach••myte ¶Theodosius was Emperour and reg¦ned

but one yere. And he was a very cry¦sten man / and euen as he dyde so was he done vnto. For Leo deposyd hym and made hym a preest. ¶Leo the thyrde w^t Constantyne his sone was Emperour xxv. yere / this Leo whan he was mygh∣ty he deposyd Theodosius and regned for hym / & was desceyued by a certayne Apostata / the whiche hadde hym that he sholde take & brenne all the ymages of sayntes. Wherfore he was punysshed bothe in batayll & in pestylence / & with other Infortunes. And by cause he was accursyd of Gregorius / and bode therin thre dayes / therfore the pope with the co¦myn people toke fro hym the best parte of his Empyre / cōmaundynge that noo man sholde obeye hym ne socour hym / by cause he lyued lyke an heretyke. ¶Ho¦ly men sayd ayenst hym. And many by hym were martred & exyled. And at the last in his myshyleue he deyed wretched¦ly. And in this mannes dayes / but that Karolus Marcellus holpe the Crysten fayth / & faught manly ayenst the Sar∣rasyns / and draue them backewarde in to Spayne the whiche they had subdued els they had entred in to Fraunce. And Karolus slewe thre hondred thousande Sarrasyns & moo. And of his peple we∣re slayne but .xv. thousande. ¶Nota ¶This man for the contynuall batay∣le tooke to laye men the tresoure of the chirche. Wherfore saynt Eucharius the bysshop of Aurelian / as he was in his prayers / sawe that same Karolus in sou¦le & body payned in helle. And the aun∣gell that shewed the bysshop this man sayd. That that was the Iugement of all those that toke awaye the goodes of the chirche / or of poore men. And to for∣tifye that that the bysshop sayd & to pro¦ue it / the abbot of saynt Denys wente to the sepulcre there that Karolus was buryed / & opened the cheste that he laye in. And there they see a grete dragon go out / but he had no body. ¶Gregorius the thyrde a Romayne was pope after Gregorius the seconde. The whiche con¦formed the worshyppes of the ymages of sayntes / with the counseyll almoost of a thousande bysshops. And he cursyd horrybly all the despysers of these yma∣ges. As the Emperour & other that we∣re of that condycyon. ¶Constantynus the fyfth was Emperour after his fa∣der Leo .xxv. yere He was a cursyd man and a pure heretyke / so that he dyde sa∣crefyce to the deuylles. He pursewed the chirche. And no thynge that is good of hym is wryten. And so by the su••••raunce of god the chirche was trowbled longe tyme. About this tyme were many mer∣uaylles / & there were meruayllous erthe quakys. And certayne cytees that were sette on mountayns / they were reme••ed and borne awaye with the bylles in to the feldes .vi. myles thens as they stode and the cytees were not broken ne bur•••• In the londe of Mesopotanian the erthe was broken by the space of two m••le And also there was a mule that spa••e in a mannes voys. Asshes fell fro heuen And in the see of Poncico there was vse for grete froste that was .xxx. cub••••es of thycknesse. And sterres felle fro heuen so myghtely that men trowed that the en∣de of the worlde had be comen. All these betokened meruayllous thynges for to come.

¶Anno dm̄ .vij.C.xliiij.

ZAcharias was pope after Grego¦rius .x. yere. This Zacharus was a noble man & arayed with all vertue / With all men be was loued for his me∣kenesse. And he deposyd the kynge of Fraunce Hydery / and put in his place Puppinus / for he was more profytable. ¶Here may ye see what power the chir∣che had that tyme / the whiche transla∣ted that famous kyngdome fro the very heyres / to the kyngdome of Pippinus / for

a leyffull cause (Vt habet .xv.q.v. a∣lius) ¶Stephanus the seconde a Ro∣mayne was pope after Zacharias .v. ye∣re. This man in all thynge was profy∣table vnto the chirche / as well in worde as in doctryne. And he gouerned the spi¦rytualtee and the temporaltee nobly. He was the louer and the defender of poore men. This man anoynted Pippin{us} the kynge of Fraunce / & sente hym ayenst the Lombardes / that he sholde compell them to restore the chirche of suche goo∣des as they had with holde from theym longe tyme vnryghtwysly the whiche he dyde. He also translated the Empyre of the Grekes to the Frensshmen. ¶Pau∣lus a Romayne was pope after hym .x. yere. This was a very holy man / for he dyde grete almesse to faderlesse childern & prysoners / wydowes / and other poore men / that he myghte be a folower of saynt Poule. ¶Constantyne a Romay∣ne the seconde was pope after Poul two yere. This Constantyne was a lay man and sodeynly was made a preest / as a ty¦raunt / and toke on hym the dygnytee of the pope. And with a grete sclaundre to the chirche was pope a lytell tyme. But the faythfull men put hym out / and put out his eyen. And this was the fyfth In famed pope / amonge so many herde to∣fore. So the holy ghost that holy apos∣tles sete kepte in all honour & holynesse ¶Intynyte martyrs were made this ty¦me by Constantyne the Emperour / for he was suche an heretyke. And men tro∣we that there was neuer Emperour / ne no pagon that slewe so many martyrs. And in his tyme the chirche was trow∣bled full sore / & very precyously bought the worshyppynge of the ymages of the holy sayntes / for the grete shedynge of blood of martyrs. And certaynly that cursyd Emperour was not vnpunys∣shed. For whan that he deyed / he cryed with an horryble voys and sayd. I am taken to a fyre / that is vnable for to be destroyed. And so he yelded vp the ghost to euerlastynge payne. ¶The Empyre of Rome was dyuyded about this tyme For Stephanus the pope translated Ytaly and other vnto Karolus a yonge man. And Constantyne helde the londe of Grece with other londes ouer the see with a grete labour and many rebellyn∣ge. ¶This tyme Karolus magnus was a noble yonge man. And he began for to regne vpon Fraunce / and was the so∣ne of Pippinus / and his moder was cal¦led Berta. ¶Stephanus the thyrde was pope after Paulus thre yere. And he amended all the errours of Constan∣tyne. And he degraded all those the whi¦che Constantyne ordeyned in a generall Synodus.

¶Anno dm̄ .vij.C.lxxxiiij.

ADitanus a Romayne was po∣pe after Stephanus .xxiiij. yere. This man was myghtely worshypped of the people / no man greter afore hym in honour / ryches and buyldynge. This man sette two solempne Synodis. The fyrste of thre hondred and fyfty faders The seconde in Rome with an hondred and fyfty faders / beynge presente Char∣les the kynge of Fraunce / to whome it was graunted the lyberte of eleccyon of the popes / and to ordeyne the appostles sete. ¶Leo the fourthe regned Empe∣rour with the Grekes fyue yere. This Leo was a cursyd man / but not soo mo∣che as his fadet was. And he was a co∣ueytous man / and he toke awaye a cer∣tayne crowne of a chirche and put it vp on his heed. And anone he was corrup∣ted with an axes and sore dyseased. And he had a cursed wyf / the whiche regned after hym with her sone. ¶Constanty∣ne was Emperour after Leo / & he was a meke man / and put awaye his moder fro the kyngdom / that she myght take hede vnto her wȳmens werke. But she

with a fayned rancour put out his eyest afterwarde / and his children also / and regned agayne thre yere. And at the last she was aboute for to haue be wedded. And whan the Grekes perceyued that she wolde be wedded to grete Karolus / they toke her and shytte her vp in a mo¦nastery / and toke Nychoferū to be theyr Emperour. ¶The .v. vnyuersall study the whiche in olde tyme was translated from Athenes vnto Rome / aboute this tyme was translated to Parys / by Ka∣rolus kynge of Fraunce. ¶Nychoferus was Emperour after Constantyne. He was a very nygon / and was exalted to his Empyre by the Grekes. But he pro¦fyted not / for in his tyme all the ••est Imperyall was brought to nought. For the Romayns put them vnder Karolus magnus. ¶Ierusalem about this ty∣me was recouered by Karolus / with all the holy londe. And the secte of the Sar¦rasyns was destroyed strongely. For the destruccyon of wretches came thenne. ¶Michaell was Emperour two yere / And he was a very crysten man / and he was well beloued / and also he was con∣nynge in all scyences. And tho that Ny∣choferus hadde hurte and dystressyd of theyr goodes by his coueytousnesse / this Michaell restored them and made them ryche ayen. ¶Nota.

¶Karolus magnus the fyrst saynt was Emperour after Michaell. And he was crowned Emperour by Leo the pope / from the whiche tyme the Empyre was translated from the Grekes to Fraun∣ce and Germayne. And for the transla∣cyon of that Empyre / the Grekes al∣waye were defectyne vnto the Romayns And the Grekes stroue euer more with them. But it was more with venemous wordes than with strengthe / and more with crafte than with batayll. For they hadde so grete enuye at the Romayns / that they wolde not obeye the chirche of Rome. For certaynly whan that the po∣pes wolde wryte vnto them / for to obeye the chirche of Rome / they wrote agayne ond sayd. Ye haue taken from our kyn∣rede teh Empyre / and therfore we woll not obeye / and we vs take from you / And for this noble Emperour Karolus it is to be vnderstande / this man whan he was a yonge man / he was anoynted kynge of Fraunce by Stephanus the po¦pe. In the yere of our lorde Ihesu Cryste .vij. hondred .liiij. whan his fader Pep∣pinus lyued. Vnder whome / and with whome he regned .xv. yere vnto the deth of his fader. ¶Thenne after his fader vnder the yere of our lorde god .vij. hon∣dred .lxviij. this Karolus with his broder Karolomannus regned two yere. And thenne his brother deseased in the secon¦de yere. And this Karolus there helde al the hoole kyngdom .xiiij. yere / to the yere of our lorde .vij. hondred .lxxxiiij. In the whiche yere he wente to Rome / that he myght be crowned Emperour of the po¦pe Adrianus. And he regned Emperour xvi. yere / to the yere of our lorde .viij.C. whan pope Leo confermed hym ayen the Emperour. And after that he was Emperour .xiiij. yere. And he dysseasyd in the yere of his aege .lxxij. The whiche was the yere of our lorde .viij.C. and xiiij. ¶Yf ye wyll see more of Karolus / go to the boke of Turpinus and Libra∣minus his mayster / for they wrote his noble actes. ¶Leo the fourth was pope after Adrianus .xx. yere / this man whan he wente on a certayne daye with the Le¦tany to saynt Peters chirche on Saynt Markes daye / he was taken with cur∣syd people / and bothe his eyen put out / and his tonge cutte of. But our lorde merueylously restored hȳ ayen his syght and his speche / so that he spake without tonge / and sawe by myracle. Afterwar∣de he wente with Karolus in to Fraun∣ce. And he came with hym vnto Rome / and renged the pope on his c••mye. And thenne he crowned Karolus. And he

late afore crowned / comfermed hym a∣gayne. ¶Ludouicus the meke the fyrste begoten sone of Karolus was Empe∣rour after his fader .xxvi. yere / in whose tyme was put awaye that clerkes sholde vse no gyrdels with precyous stones / ne¦straūge arayment. This Ludouicus of his fyrst wyf gate two childern / & bothe had an euyll ende. In all thynge that wente ayenst hym he was pacyent / and in the last ende he euer ouercame. For a∣yenst god he abode deuoute. And his chil¦dern folowed hym in condycyons / & he dyssessyd a blessyd man. ¶Stephanus the fourth was pope after Leo thre yere This Stephanus redemed many cap∣tyue men / and crowned Ludouicus the Emperour. And thenne he dyssessyd & was byryed at Rome. ¶Paschall was pope after Stephanus. This Paschall gaue a greate dylygence to relyques of Sayntes. And he toke vp Innumerable bodyes of sayntes / & buryed them wor∣shypfully as in the vysyon of saynt Ce∣cile he was cōmaunded. ¶Eugenius the fourth was pope after Paschall / and he was a very holy man. And all those thynges that were for cryste he toke he∣de to. This man was crowned a mar∣tyr / & by the laye men of Rome he was buryed in saynt Peters chircheyerde.

¶Circa annū dm̄ .viij.C.xliiij.

TAlentinus was pope after Eu∣genius .xl. dayes / and lytell of hym is wrytell. ¶Gregorius the fourth was pope after hȳ .xij. yere / this Grego∣rius sawe many heuy tymes / for the pla¦ges amonge the comyn people. And at this mannes petycyon. Ludouicus the Emperour / and Marchio the prynce of Lombardy exyled all the Sarrasyns fro Ytaly. And at the last he dyssessed after Innumerable good dedes & werkes that he had done at saynt Peters. ¶Lothe∣rius the fyrste sone of Ludouicus was Emperour .xv. yere in Ytaly & Rome & the partyes of Germayne nexte to the hylles of Alpy. This Lotherius rose a∣yenst his broder Ludouicus & Karolus / for the kyngdome of Duchelonde / the whiche some tyme Pippinus theyr brod{er} helde. And they fought at a place called Fontanecū / where Lotheri{us} was dyscom¦fyted. And there was suche slaughter made on both the sydes / that they had no men for to resyst theyr aduersaryes. This vnderstode a fals crysten man / & sente vnto Soudan of the Sarrasyns y^t he sholde come anone. And he toke Ro∣me / and saynt Peters chirche was ma∣de a stable for theyr horses. But Ludoui¦cus with the Frensshmen & Lombardes all that Infenyte nombre destroyed / and that with grete shedynge of crysten blo∣de. ¶Sergius the seconde was pope af∣ter Gregorius two yere. This man was called fyrst (os porci) in Englysshe / hog gesmouth. Wherfore that man & all the popes names are chaunged whan they are chosen. And that for thre causes / The fyrst for Cryste chaunged the na∣mes of those men the whiche he made popes. The seconde / for as moche as they are chaunged in the name / sholde they be chaunged in perfeccyon of lyfe / The thyrde leest he whiche is chosen to an excedynge degree sholde be hurte in name. ¶Leo was pope after Sergius viij. yere. This Leo was an holy man / & also he was in prudence as sharpe as a serpente / and in his dedes as meke as a douue. And he was brouhht forth ver∣tuously in a monastery. And whan that he was made pope / he laboured to repey¦re his chirches agayne / the whiche false sarrasyns one after an other had destroy¦ed. This man was a myghty wryter & a grete precher / & myghtely laboured in watche & prayer / and so deyed / and was buryed & lyeth at saynt Peters. ¶Bene¦dictus a Romayne was pope after Leo two yere. This Benedictus had the na∣me

of the thynge. For in all thynge he was blessyd. This man ordeyned that clerkes sholde go ordynatly & honestly. ¶Ludouicus the sone of Lotherius was Emperour this tyme / and anoynted of Sergius the pope / & a whyle regned w^t his fader / and after regned .xxi. yere alo∣ne. This man hadde a sone that hyght Karolus / in to whome the deuyll entred & vexed hym afore his fader. And then̄e he conspyred his faders deth. And in his tyme many a meruaylle fell. ¶Nota ¶Iohannes Anglicus of the nacyon of Magnutin about this tyme was pope / & she was a woman arayed in mannes garmentes. But she profyted so in holy scrypture / that there was foūde none ly¦ke her. Thenne she was chosen pope / but afterwarde she was with childe. And whan she sholde haue gone openly in processyon / she trauelled & decessyd. And this is the sixt pope / the whiche to this tyme had the name of holynesse / & were vycyous. And this persone as other po∣pes were was punysshed of god / ne she was not nombred in the boke of popes. ¶Nicholaus a Romayne was pope af∣ter this woman .ix. yere. This Nichola∣us was of grete holynes / that there was no man comparable to hym after Gre∣gory the pope. And whan he was made pope. Ludouicus the Emperour was pre¦sent. And after he decessyd a very good man & was buryed in saynt Peters chir¦cheyerde. ¶Adrianus a Romayne was pope after Nicholaus. This Adrianus cursyd Lotherius broder to themperour the kynge of Lotharynge for his aduou∣try. But whan he came to Rome to ex∣cuse hym of his aduoutry / he sayd y^t he was cursyd wrongfully. And he brought with hym all the noble men of his regy∣on / & all were deed within one yere / and the kynge deyed in the waye whan he ca¦me to the cyte of Placenciam.

¶Anno dm̄ .viij.C.lxxiij.

¶Of kynge Alured / & how the Danys in his tyme prayed hym of mercy that they myght go out of the londe.

[illustration]

AFter the deth of this Eldred reg ned his broder Alured that Dol¦fines was called. ¶Tho wente the Da¦nys & assembled them / & wente forth to seke Alured that tho was kynge newe made of Southsex / & there they founde hym att Wylton with a lytell people / And neuerthelesse he faught with them / but at the last he fledde thens from the felde / & wente in to Westser & ordeyned so moche people of his owne reame / & also of other tyll y^• he had a stronge hoste so that the Danys had no power ayenst hym to withstande. And he came to Lon¦don with his hoste / & there were the Da¦nys soiourned. And there he wolde haue foughten with them. But the Danys durste not with hym fyght / but prayed hym of peas / & y^• they myght go ayen in to theyr owne coūtree / & neuer to co∣me in to Englonde ayen / that is to saye ony harme for to do. And vpon this co∣uenaūt they sholde gyue hym to pledge good hostages / & suche as the Englyssh men wolde axe.

¶How Hubba & Hungar were slayne at Chyppenham / and how the Danys brought theyr kynge to our kynge.

ANd the same daye that the Da∣nys departed from London / soo fast they rode both nyght & daye / & ne∣uer toke rest of goynge tyll y^t they came vnto Excestre / & toke tho the towne / & there helde them. ¶Whan kyng Alured herde these tydynges / anone he lete take the hostages / & wente from thens vnto Excestre w^t all the power that he had / And whan the Danys herde telle of his comynge / they wente from thens vnto Westsex / & came vnto Chyppenham / & there they dyde moche harme in the coū¦tree / they robbed folke / & brought theym in pryson. The kynge Alured them pur¦sewed / & came vpon them ryght soone & fyersely theym assayled. And there were slayne both Hubba & Hungar his brod{er} / and Buerne Bocarde. And in this ba∣tayll were moche folke slayne in that o∣ne parte & in that other. But the gree of that felde bode with the Danys / for as moche as the kynge came with fewe folke. ¶The kynge hasted hym as mo∣che as he myght for to go agayne. And whan the Danys foūde Hubbacs body lyeng deed they buryed it / & layd vpon it a grete logge / & lete calle it Hubeslowe / and soo it is called vnto this daye. And that place is in Deuenshyre. The Ba∣rons of Somerset. Wyltshyre and Dor set herde tell how that theyr kynge was dyscomfyted / & ordeyned all the power that they myght haue / and came to the kynge there he was / and thanked god that they hym yet founde alyue / for they had wende that the Danys hadde hym slayne. Tho tooke they a counseyll the kynge & his barons / that wolde go and seke the Danys with them for to fyght. And so they rode all that nyght theym for to seke / & came on the morowe about Pryme to Abyndon there y^• the Danys were. The kynge Alured & his barons tho assembled & there assaylled the Da∣nys egrely / & there yaue them a stronge batayll. And the Danys put them a lon¦ge tyme that no man wyst whether par¦te more people were slayne. But thus it befell as god wolde that the kynge Alu¦red had the vyctory with moche honour For the Danys were so dryuen that they ne wyst whyther for to torne. And .xv. dayes the kynge them pursewed at his wyll / that gladly & fayne they were for to speke of peas and accorde / and tooke hym good hostage / & sayd they wolde neuer more vpon hym warre ne no deba¦te arere. ¶And more ouer they behyght vnto the kynge Alured / that they wolde go & brynge theyr owne kynge vnto hȳ and that theyr kynge & they all sholde be baptysed. And vpon this condycyon kynge Alured graūte them lyf & lymme And sayd vnto theym / that they sholde gone theyr kynge for to seke / & at a cer∣tayne daye to come ayen that to theym was sette. And so they wente forth faste & came ayen at a daye that to them was assygned. And all the Danys brought theyr kynge with them. ¶The kynge Alured anone lete them be baptysed / & theyr names chaunged. And so the kyn∣ge of Denmark was called Athelstone And .xxx. of his felowes names were chaunged also / and the other were bap∣tysed to the ryght byleue. ¶And all this was done at Westmestre. And after that kynge Alured helde with hym kyng A∣thelstone and all his Danys .xij. dayes at soiourne with moche solempnyte / & yaue them grete yeftes. And after that they were baptysed & so departed. Tho was kynge Alured all at ease / whan he had his enmyes ouercomen / & that they were torned to the ryght byleue of god almyghty.

¶How the Danys y^• came in to Fraūce with Gurmonde came agayne in to En¦glonde / & of the deth of kyng Alured.

ANd thus it befelle afterwarde / that the Danys of Northum∣berlonde

that were paynems came with a grete strength & an huge hoste of Fraū¦ce / that is to vnderstande / with them y^• wente in to Fraūce with Gurmodde of Affryke / whan he had conquered Eng∣londe & yaue it vnto the Saxons. And tho y^• came fro Fraūce arryued in Kent & sent in to Northumberlonde that they sholde come to them / & whan those two host{is} were come & assembled / anone they yede to destroye all the crysten people of Englonde from place to place / & dyde moche sorowe. ¶It befelle thus as al∣myghty god wolde an harde chaūce in to Englond. For the good kyng Alured y^t was wonte to abate the Danys deyed in the meane tyme. This kyng Alured regned .xxx. yere / & a good kynge had be & well coude chastyse his enmyes. And also he was a good clerke / & lete make many bokes / & a boke he made in En∣glysshe of aduentures of kynges / & of bataylles that had ben done in the lon∣de / & many other bokes of Gestes / he le¦te them wryte that were of grete wysdo∣me & of good lernynge / thorugh whiche bokes many a man may hym amende / that woll them lede & vpon them loke / vpon whose soule almyghty god haue mercy. And this kynge Alured lyeth at Wynchestre.

IOhannes the .viij. was pope after Adrian .viij. yere. This Iohānes anoynted Karolus the Emperour. And he suffred grete wronge of y^• Romayns for he fauoured not the sayd Emperour And therfore he put the sayd pope in ke¦pynge. Also he degraded the bysshop of Portuense / the whiche was the occayson of all his sorowe. ¶Karolus the seconde was Emperour after Ludouicus. This Karolus had a brother the whiche was called Ludouicus / & he was the kyng of Germayne / and he ordeyned batayll a∣gaynst his brother / but Karolus or they taught was poysened. And he made ma¦ny a monasterye. ¶Martin{us} was pope after Iohānes one yere. This Martinus lytell profyted / for he lyued but lytell ty∣me. ¶Adrianus the thyrde was pope af¦ter hym 00 yere. And of hym is no thyn¦ge wryten. ¶Stephanus the fyfth was pope after hym .vi. yere. And no thyn∣ge of hym is wryten / but that he trans∣lated the body of saynt Martyn. ¶Ka∣rolus the thyrde was Emperour after the seconde .xij. yere. This Karolus had in possessyon peassyble all Fraunce and all Germayne / and was crowned Em∣perour of Iohannes the pope. And after this gloryous vyctory / he torned all Nor¦mandye to the fayth of god almyghty / And he myght nomore tesyste the Fren∣shemen but four yere he regned on them He was vnprofytable to them / & therfo∣re they put hym awaye. ¶Amulphus was Emperour after Karolus .xiij. yere. This Arnulphus vtterly constreyned y^• Normans / y^• whiche destroyed the Fren∣shemen .xl. yere. Thenne he was syke & had no comforte of no lecke / for he was in a meruayllous sykenesse / soo that he was consumed with lyf / and was deed / ¶Formosus was pope after Stephan{us} .v. yere / this man fyrste was bysshop of Portuensis. And pope Iohn was depry∣ued for his Inobedyence / & was degrated to the lay f••••. But by Martyn the pope he was restored. And ayenst his othe / he came not aloonly to Rome / but to offre hȳ the dygnyte of the pope / for y^• whiche there was grete alteracōn. ¶Bonifaci{us} the .vi. was pope .v. dayes. ¶Stephanus the .vi. one yere & thre monethes. ¶Io¦hannes thie monethes and .xij. dayes / ¶Iona also thie monethes and twelue dayes. ¶Theodorus the seconde twen∣ty dayes. ¶Iohannes the enleuenth was two yere & .xv. dayes. ¶Benedict{us} the fourth thre yere and two monethes. ¶Leo y^• fourth was .xl. dayes. ¶Xpristo forus the fyrst .vij. monethes. All these viij. popes were but lytell tyme / & ther∣fore

we can not telle of them none nota¦ble thyng{is} / but yf we sholde wryte sclaū¦dre of them that myght be founde / for the vnharde stryfe & contencyon in that holy appostles sete. For one stroue ayenst an other / and repreued the dedes of an other. And for to telle how they stroue / it were no grete honour to shewe / for that holy appostles sete. ¶Ludonicus the thyrde was Emperour after Arnulph{us} .vi. yere. This man had not the popes blessynge / for the vnstablenesse of them the whiche regned in Ytaly. And he was constreyned to expulse Berynge. And this man was the last Emperour of all the kynred of Karolus kynge of Fraūce ¶This tyme the Empyre was remeued and translated & dyuyded. For the Fren¦shemen halpe not the chirche / the which theyr faders had edifyed and fortefyed / but destroyed / ne halpe not y^e Romayns ayenst Lombardes / the whiche vexed the Romayns ryght sore. Therfore by the comyns assente they were excluded fro the Empyre / and the Ytalyens beganne to be Emperour in Ytaly / and the Al∣mayns in Almanye / vntyl Ottanen the whiche regned in bothe the places. The Frensshmen were constreyned to abyde in theyr owne countree / and no more to be Emperour for theyr myscheuous ly∣uynge. ¶Beryngarius the fyrst. ¶Con¦radus and Beryngarius the seconde / & Hugo were Emperours after Ludouic{us} But they are not nombred amonge the Emperours. For some were but in Al∣mayne / and some were in Ytalye.

¶Of kyng Edwarde that was kynge Aluredes sone.

ANd after this Alured regned his sone Edwarde / and was a good man & a wyse / that was called Edwar∣de / & was wonder curteys. ¶The Da∣nys dyde moche sorowe in the ••onde / & theyr power encreaced and began for to wexe from daye to daye. For the Danys came often with theyr companyes in to this londe. And whan the kynge sawe y^• he myght no better do / then he toke peas with them & graunted them his trewes And neuerthelesse the trewes dured not longe / that the Danysne began strong∣ly for to warre vpon the Englysshmen & dyde them moche sorowe. Wherfore kynge Edwarde dyde assemble a grete hoste for to fyght with them. And then this kynge Edwarde deyed whan god wolde. This kynge Edwarde regned xxiiij. yere / and lyeth at Wynchestre be∣syde his fader.

¶Anno dm̄ .ix. C .xiiij

SErgius the thyrde was pope af∣ter Xpristoforus .vij. yere. This man 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Cardynall of Rome / & was expulsed by Formosus the pope / & then he wente to the Fresshmen. And so tho∣rugh the helpe & fauour of them he ca∣me agayne to Rome / and anone expul∣sed Xpristoforus the pope. And thenne was pope hymself. And for to auenge & wreke his exyle / he toke out the body of pope Formosus where that he was bu¦ryed. And arayed hym in the popes aray ment & caused hym to be heeded & to be caste in the water of Tybre by Rome / Thenne fysshers founde hym & brought hym in to the chirche. And the holy yma¦ges of sayntes bowed downe to hym / whan the body of hym was brought in to the chirche / that all men myght see / and honourably hym halsyd. Yet Ser∣gius destroyed all that thynge the whi∣che the holy man had ordeyned. ¶Ana∣stasius was pope after hym two yere. ¶Laudo was pope .v. monethes / & lytel they dyde. ¶Iohannas the .x. was pope thenne. This Iohānes was the sone of Sergius pope / both of nature & of ma∣ners. And he was pope by myght. And wretchedly slayne of Guidols knyght{is} / for

they put on his mouth a pylowe and stopped his breth. And after hym was a nother put in / but anone he was out / and therfore he is not named as pope / ¶Henric{us} the duke of Saxon was Em¦perour of Almayne .xvij. yere / this Hen∣ric{us} was a noble man / but he is not nom¦bred amonge themperours. for he regned but aloonly in Almayne. And he had a very holy woman vnto his wyf / & her name was Matylda / on whom he gate two sones / that is to saye. Otto & Harry And Otto succeded hȳ in the Empyre. And Harry had moche londe in Almay ne. And he gate an other sone y^• hyght Brimen / & he was a very holy man / & was bysshop of Coleyne. And he foūded the monastery of Panthaleon.

¶Of kynge Adelstone.

NOw after this Edwarde regned Adelstone his sone. And whan he had regned foure yere he helde batay¦le ayenst the Danys. And droue kynge Gaufride y^• was kyng of the Danys & all his hoste vnto the see / and rested by Scotlonde / & toke strongely all the coū∣tree an hoole yere. And after that tho of Comberlonde & of Scottes of Westmer¦londe began to warre vpon kynge Adel∣stone. And he gaue them so stronge ba∣tayll / that he slewe so many of them / y^• no man coude telle the nombre of them. And after that he regned but thre yere / And he regned in all .xxv. yere / & lyeth at Malmesbury.

¶Of kynge Edmonde.

THenne after this Adelstone reg∣ned Edmonde his brother. For kyng Adelstone had no sone / & this Ed∣monde was a worthy man & a doughty knyght of body / & as noble also. And y^• thyrde yere after that he was kynge / he wente ouer Humber in to that coūtree / in the whiche coūtree he foūde two kyn∣ges of Danys. That one was called Enelaf. & that other Renant. This kyn¦ge Edmonde droue them both fro y^• lon¦de / & after went & toke a grete proye in Comberlonde. This Edmonde regned but .vij. yere / & lyeth at Glastenbury.

¶Of kynge Eldred.

ANd after this Edmonde regned Eldred his broder that auenged Edwarde his fader of his enmyes that dyde hym slee. And after he seased all Northumberlonde in to his honde. And made the Scottes for to bowe & meke vnto his wyll. And in the seconde yere of his regne came Arnalaf Guyran / that was kynge of Denmarke / & seased all Northumberlonde / & helde that lon∣de two yere. And after that came kynge Eldred & draue hym out of this londe. And this kyng Eldred was a noble man & a good / of whoos goodnes saynt Dun¦stane preched. And this kyng Eldred reg¦ned .xi. yere / & lyeth at Wynchestre.

¶Of kynge Edwyn.

ANd after this Eldred regned Ed¦wyn the sone of Edmonde. And he was a symple man towarde god and the people. For he hated folke of his ow ne londe / and loued & honoured straūge men. And sette lytell by holy chirche. And he toke of holy chirche all the tre•• sour that he myght haue. That was gre te shame & vylany to hymself / and pe∣ryll to his soule. And therfore god wolde not that he sholde regne no lenger than foure yere & deyed / and lyeth at Wyn∣cheste.

LEo the sixt a Romayne was po¦pe .vi. monethes. ¶Stephanus the .vij. was after hym two yere. ¶Io∣hannes the .xi. a Romayne was pope

thre yere. ¶Stephanus the .viij. a Ger∣mayne was pope after hym .viij. yere / ¶Martinus the thyrde was pope after hym thre yere / & of these .vi. popes is no thynge had in scrypture. For what cau∣se I can not telle.

¶Anno dm̄ .ix. C .liiij.

AGapitus a Romayne was pope after Martin{us} .ij. yere & .viij. mo∣nethes / & no thynge of hym is wryten / ¶Iohēs the .xij. a Romayne was pope after Agapitus .viij. yere / & he had a fad{er} y^• hyght Alberyke & was a worthy man in the cyte of Rome. He Induced the no∣ble men to swere y^• after y^e deth of Aga∣pitus they sholde these Octauianus his sone pope / & soo it was done & was na∣med Iohn / & he was a hunter & a leche∣rous man so y^• openly he kepte wȳmen Wherfore certen Cardynalles wrote vn to Otto the Emperour of Saxon / that he sholde come to Rome for to helpe to destroye the sclaūdre of y^• chirche. This the pope perceyued / & y^• honde that wro∣te the pystle he made to be cutte of. And many tymes he was warned by the Em¦perour & the clergy that he sholde correc te hymself / but he nolde for no thynge / Thenne he was deposyd / & Leo was put in to his place. Wherfore the Emperour was anoyed / and came ayen & besyeged Rome so longe tyll they toke Benedicte to hym / & restored Leo.

¶Of kynge Edgar that regned aboue the kynges of Scotlonde & of Walys / & how he was begyled thrugh the takyn∣ge of his wyf.

ANd after this Edwyne regned Edgar his brother a man that moche loued god & peas / and the ryght of holy chirche also. And he was a wor∣thy man / and a grete lorde of blood and myghty / & maytened well this londe in peas. And this Edgar was lorde & kyn¦ge aboue all the kynges of Scotlonde & of Walys / fro the tyme that Arthur was gone / & neuer was sythen kynge of his power. ¶And this Edgar was Saynt Edwardes fader. And whan Edgars wyf was deed that was saynt Edwar∣des moder & enteryd / he herde speke of the fayrnesse of Estrylde / that was Ox∣garus doughter a baron of Deuenshyre that was so fayr a woman / that al men dyde speke of her. He called one of his knyghtes that he moche loued & trusted vpon & tolde hym. God sayd he to the noble baron Orgarus of Deuenshyre / and see yf that his doughter be so fayre as men speke of / & yf it be soth I wyll haue her vnto my wyf. ¶This knyght that was called Edelwolde went forth his waye as the kynge hym had sayd / & came there that y^• lady was. And whan he sawe her so fayre / he thought to haue her hymself to wyf. And therof spake to Orgarus her fader. And her fader was an olde man & had no moo childern but oonly her / & sawe that Edelwolde was a fayre yonge knyght & worthy & ryche and was well beloued with the kynge / & thought his doughter sholde well be maryed & besette vpon hym / and graū∣ted hym his doughter yf the good lorde the kynge wolde consente therto. ¶And thenne this Edelwolde came ayen vnto the kynge & tolde hym / that she was fay re ynough vpon to see / but she was won der lothly. ¶Tho answered the kynge and sayd that he toke but lytell charge. Syr sayd Edelwolde / she is her faders heyre / & I am not ryche of londes / and yf ye wolde consente & graunte that I myght her haue / thenne sholde I be ry∣che ynough. In goddes name sayd the kynge. I consente therto. Edelwolde tho thanked the kynge ryght moche / & wen¦te ayen in to Deuenshyre & spowsed the damoysell / & in that coūtree he dwelled ¶And thus it befell vpon a tyme / that

he tolde his counseyll & all this thynge vnto his wyf / how & in what maner he had begyled his lorde y^• kynge that wol¦de haue had her to wyf. And anone as she it wyst / she loued hym neuer more af¦terwarde as she dyde before. ¶This la¦dy conceyued by hym a sone. And whan tyme was that the childe sholde be bor∣ne. Edelwolde came to the kynge and prayed hym to haue a sone of his at the fonte stone. The kynge hym graunted / And lete calle hym Edgar after his ow¦ne name. And whan this was done he thought that all was syker ynough for the kynge / that he wolde not take his wyf / for as moche as his lorde was a Io¦ly man & an amerous.

¶How that kynge Edgar wedded Es∣trylde after the deth of Edelwolde.

THus it befell that all men in kyn¦ge Edgars courte thenne spake and sayd / that Edelwolde was rychely auaunced / thorugh the forsayd marya∣ge of his wyf. And yet they sayd / he was auaunced an hondred folde more. For he had spowsed the moost fayrest creatu¦re that euer was seen. And the kyng her de speke so moche of her beaute / that he thought he wolde haue hym dysceyued / & begyled. And thought pryuely in his herte / that he wolde go in to Deuenshy re / as it were for to hunte for the harte & for the hynde & other wylde beestes / and thenne he sholde see there the lady or he departed thens. And this lady was dwel¦lynge at a manere place besydest the fo∣rest / there that the kynge wolde hunte / And at that manere he was herborowed all nyght. And whan tyme came that the kynge sholde suppe / & the sonne sho∣ne / the kynge asked after his gossyppe & after his godsone. And Edelwolde ma∣de her to come before the kynge. And ne uerthelesse yf it other wyse myght haue be she sholde not haue come in his syght by his wyll. ¶The lady welcomed the kynge and swetely hym kyssed. And he tooke 〈◊〉〈◊〉 by the honde / and tho nexte by hym her sate / and so souped they togy∣der. ¶And there was a custome and an vsage in this londe that tyme. That so whan one dranke to an other / the dryn∣ket sholde saye Wassayll. And that o∣ther sholde answere / and saye Drynke hayll. And this dyde the kynge and the lady / and also kyste many tymes. And after supper whan tyme was for to god to bedde / the kynge wente to bedde / thyn kynge hertely on the fayrnesse of that la¦dy / and thenne was ouercome for her lo¦ue / that hym thought that he sholde deye / but yf he hadde his wyll on her / ¶Vppon the morowe the kynge aroos / and in the forest wente hym for to dys∣porte with hartes and hyndes and all other wylde beestes. And of the hartes grete plente he sente to that lady. And thryes he wente for to solace and to spe∣ke with that lady the whyles he dwelled there in that countree. ¶And after that the kynge remeued thens / and thought hym how he myght best delyuer Edel∣wolde fro his wyf as he had hym fyrst desceyued. And the kynge anone after viij. dayes ordeyned a parlyamēt at Sa / lysbury of all his baronage counseyll so haue. And for to ordeyne how the coun∣tree of Northumberlonde sholde best be kepte that the Danys came not there / the londe for to destroye. And this Edel∣wolde came vnto the kyng{is} parlyament And the kynge sente hym vnto Yorke / for to be keper of that countree. ¶And thus it befell / that men that knewe hym not slewe hym by the waye. ¶And ano∣ne as the kynge herde tell that he was deed / he lete sende after the lady Estryl∣de that she sholde come vnto the cyte of London / and there be wedded to the kyn¦ge with grete solempnyte and worshyp. And helde a solempne feest. And he wa∣re a crowne that was of golde / and the

quene an other. ¶And saynt Dunstane on the morowe came vnto the kynge in to the chambre / & founde the kynge in bedde & the quene togyders. And saynt Dunstane axed the kynge who she was And the kynge answered & sayd / that she was y^• quene Estrylde. And the Ar∣chebysshop saynt Dunstane sayd / that be dyde grete wronge / & ayenst goddes wyll to take a woman to wyf whose chil¦de ye had take at fonte stone. And y^• que ne for that worde neuer loued saynt Dū¦stane after. And the good man warned of that foly to be lefte / but it auaylled but lytell / for y^• loue bytwene them was so moche. The kynge begate vpon her a sone that was called Eldred. Whan this childe was .vi. yere olde / the kynge his fader deyed. And aboute that tyme he had regned .xvij. yere / and lyeth atte Glastenbury.

BEryngarius the thyrde was Em¦perour after Henricus .vij. yere / this Beringari{us} was Emperour in yta ly. In whoos tyme was grete dyuysyon. ¶And Henricus themperour decessed / & Otto began to regne in Almayne. ¶Lo tharius regned after hym two yere / & de cessed whan Otto regned in Almayne. And had a wyf that hyght Dalnydam. the whiche after wedded Otto. ¶Berin garius the fourth was after hym / this man with grete tyrannye subdued Yta∣ly / wherfore the pope & other Romayns called Otto that he myght delyuer them whiche he dyde. And he toke Beringa∣rius by strengthe / & twyes he outlawed hym. And he toke Lotharius wyfe the whiche the tyraūt had prysoned. ¶Leo the .viij. was pope after Benedictus one yere & foure monethes. This man was chosen with the comyn voys / & Iohānes was deposyd. This Leo ordeyned that no pope sholde be made without consen¦te of the Emperour. For the malyce of the Romaynes / the whiche oppressyd them. This man graūted all the yeftes to Otto and his successours / the whiche were yeuen by Iustinianus & Karolus to the chirche / that he myghte defende Ytaly from the rebellyons. ¶Iohannes the .xij. was pope after hym almoost .viij yere / this Iohēs suffred grete wronge of the Romayns. For he was take & exyled but Otto bare this heuyly. For he slewe the noble men of Rome / & certayne of them exyled for euer more. ¶Benedict{us} the .vi. was pope after hym .vi. yere / this man was take / & in the castell Aungell was strangled. ¶Nota.

¶The Empyre in this tyme was trans¦lated to the Almayns. And the same cau¦se is here as was before / for the vycyous lyuynge. Ne these vnhappy men cowde not be Informed / that they sholde esche∣we that oo vyce / thrugh the whiche they sawe soo many noble men to perysshe / ¶Otto was Emperour after Beringa rius .xij. yere. This Otto was the fyrste Emperour of Almayne. And he was all vertuous as an other kynge Karolus for he was the defender of the chirche of god / and the synguler promoter / for the whiche he was worthy to be Emperour Many men of fals byleue he conuerted And he helde with hym pope Benedic∣tus the vsurper of the popeheede in to Saxonye. And there he decessyd in his exyle. And this Emperour decessyd a ry∣che man in vertue & goodnes. ¶Otto the seconde was Emperour after his fa¦der. And he was a noble man to the chir che as his fader was. And many a ba∣tayll he had ayenst the fals men of by∣leue. And att the laste he almoost loste all his hoste in Kalabur. Yet forsothe with all his mynde besought saynt Pe∣ter to helpe. And meruayllously saynt Peter delyuered hym. And his wyf was the doughter of the Emperour of Con∣stantynopolitan of the Romayns blood And this man was crowned of Bene∣dictus the pope.

¶Of saynt Edwarde the martyr how Estrylde his stepmoder lete kylle hym / for to make Eldred her owne sone kyn∣ge.

ANd after this Edgar regned Ed¦warde his sone / that he begate vpon his fyrst wyf / that well and nobly gouerned the londe. For he was full of all maner of goodnes / and ledde a full holy lyf. And aboue all thynge he loued god & holy chirche. And the quene Es∣trylde that was his stepmoder lete slee hym / by cause to make her owne sone Eldred kynge. And thus on a daye he was slayne / as ye shall here afterwarde ¶It befell thus vppon a daye that the kynge Edwarde wente in to a wood for to playe / in the south countree besyde a towne that is called Warham. In whi∣che forest was grete plente of hartes and hyndes. And whan he had ben a whyle there hym for to playe / he thought vp∣on his broder Eldred that was with his moder the quene / for her place was nygh the forest / and thought for to go thyder and vysyte and see his brother. And to∣ke with hym but a lytell meyne / & wen∣te hym towarde his stepmoders hous / that in that tyme soiourned in the ca∣stell of Corfe. And as he rode in the thyc¦kenesse of a wood to aspye his game / it befell that he wente amysse and lost his meyne that with hym came. And at the last he came out of the wood. And as he loked hym about / he sawe there fast be∣sydes a manere that his stepmoder dwel led in / and thyderwarde he wente alone And anone it was tolde the quene / how that the kynge was comen alone with∣out ony company. And therfore she ma¦de Ioye ynough / and thought how that she myght do / that he were slayne as pry¦uely as she myght / and called to her one of her knyghtes. To whome she had tol¦de moche of her coūseyll bytwene them. And bothe they came to the kynge and turteysly hym receyued. ¶And the kyn∣ge tolde that he was come to vysyte and also for to speke with Eldred his broder The quene many tymes hym thanked. and hym prayed for to alyght / and her∣borugh with her all that nyght. ¶The kynge sayd / that he myght not. But a∣gayne he wolde go vnto his folke / yf he myght theym fynde. ¶And whan the quene sawe that he wolde not abyde / she prayed hym that he wolde ones drynke / and he graunted her. And anone as the drynke was come / the quene dranke vn∣to the kynge. And the kynge tooke the cuppe and sette it to his mouth. And in the meane whyle that he dranke the fal¦se knyght that was with the quene with a knyfe smote the kynge vnto the herte. and there he felle downe deed vnto the erthe of his palfroy. The quene for this dede gaue the knyght golde and syluer grete plente and of other ryches ynough And the knyght anone as this was do∣ne wente hym ouer the see. And so esca∣ped he out of this londe. ¶Whan this kynge Edwarde was thus martred. It was in the yere of the Incarnacyon of our lorde Ihesu Cryste .ix.C.lxxx. and he had regned .xij. yere and an halfe / and lyeth at Glastenbury.

¶Of the kynge Eldred / and how the kynge Swyne of Denmarke helde En∣glonde. and how Eldred that was saynt Edwardes brother was not beloued in his Realme / and therfore he fledde in to Normandye.

SO after this Edwarde regned Eldred his brother. And saynt Dunstane crowned hym. And this sayn te Dunstane deyed soone after that he had foryeuen the quene her trespaas / by¦cause that she was cause of kynge Ed∣wardes deth. And saynt Dunstane had her assoylled / & penaunce had her enioy∣ned. And she lyued after a chaste lyf and

a clene. ¶This kynge Eldred wedded an Englysshe woman / & on her begate Edmonde Irensyde / and an other sone that was called Edwyne. And after dey ed the quene theyr moder. ¶And in that tyme came Swyne in to Englond that was kynge of Denmark / for to chalen∣ge & to conquere all that his auncetrees had before that tyme. And so he conque∣red & had it all at his axynge. ¶For the good erle Luthberte of Lyndeleye and all the people of Northumberlonde / and almoost all the grette of Englonde hel∣de with Swyne that was kyng of Den¦mark / for soo moche as they loued not kyng Eldred / for by cause that his good brother Edwarde was slayne for loue of hym. And therfore no man sette but lytell by hym. Wherfore kynge Swyne had all his wyll / and toke all the londe And Eldred the kynge fledde tho in to Normandye. And soo spake to the duke Richarde / that the duke yaue hym his syster Emme to wyf. Vpon the whiche be gate two sones / that one was called Alured / and that other Edwarde. And whan Swyne had conquered all the lon¦de / he regned nobly & lyued .xv. yere and thenne he deyed & lyeth at Yorke.

¶How kynge Eldred came ayen from Normandy / and how Knoght the Da∣ne regned / & of the warre betwixt hym and Edmonde Irensyde.

THus after the dethe of Swyne that was a Dane. Knoght his sone dwelled in Englonde / and wolde haue ben kynge. And tho came agayne Eldred out of Normandye with moche nombre of people / and with a stronge meyne that Knoght durste not abyde / but fledde thens in to Denmarke. The kynge Eldred had agayne his reame / & helde so grete worshyp / that he began for to destroye all tho that halpe Swy∣ne that was a Dane ayenst hym. And afterwarde came agayne this Knoght from Denmark with a grete power / so that kynge Eldred durste not with hym fyght / but fledde from thens vnto Lon∣don / & there helde hym. ¶Tho came Knoght & hym besyeged soo longe / tyll that kynge Eldred deyed in the cyte of London / & lyeth at saynt Poules. And he regned .ix. yere.

BOnus was pope after Benedi∣ctus one yere. This man abode but a lytell tyme. ¶Bonifacius was pope after hym fyue monethes. ¶Be¦nedictus was pope after hym .x. yere / This man crowned Otto the seconde / and made many Romayns to be taken And he gadred a counseyll agaynst the kynge of Fraunce / where Gylberte the Nygromancer was deposyd. ¶Io∣hānes the .xiiij. was pope after hym .viij. monethes. And he was put in the castell Aungell / and was famyned to dethe / ¶Iohānes the .xv. was pope after hym foure monethes. ¶Iohānes the .xvi. was pope after hym almoost .xi. yere / This man was taught in armes / and made many bookes / and elles lytell of hym is wryten. ¶Gregorius the .v. was pope after this man almoost thre yere. And this Gregorius was made po¦pe att the Instaunce of the Emperour Otto the thyrde / for he was his cosyn / And whan he had be a lytell whyle po∣pe / and the Emperour receded from the cyte of Rome. Placentinus was put in by Crecensius a Counsull for moneye / And then̄ was stryf a fewe dayes. But the Emperour came soone after / & toke Crecensius the Consull / and stroke of his heed / and putte out the eyen of this man Placencius pope / the whiche putte out his cosyn of the dygnyte of the pope And maymed hym on other membres / his knyghtes ne his dukes halpe hym no thynge. For he dyde that thynge that he sholde not haue done. And he suffred

that that he deserued. ¶Nota.

¶This Gregorius w^t the Emperour Otto ordeyned the chesers of the Empy¦re the whiche from thens forth hath a∣bode vnto this day. For the Frensshmen¦ne none other myght not breke that or∣dynaunce. And those chesers of the Em¦pyre by the pope and Otto were not ma¦de for ony blame of the Saxons / but to eschewe the euylles to come. And theyr names ben wryten for lerned men in la¦tyn in these verses. (Maguntinensis T••euerensis Coloniensis. Quilibet im∣perij fit cancellarius horum. Et Palati∣nus datifer Dux Portitorensis. Mar∣chio prepositus camere. Pincerna Bohe¦mus Hij statuunt dūm cuntis per secula summū. Palatinus est comes reni. Mar∣chio est Brandeburgensis. Dux saxo{rum} et rex Bohemo{rum}. verū vt quidā dicunt. ¶Thrugh this occasyon the Egle hath loste many a feder. And in the ende he shall be made naked. ¶Otto the thyrde was Emperour .xviij. yere. This man was a worthy man all the dayes of his Empyre. And after the wysdome of his fader / he was a very faythfull man to the chirche. And in many batayls he pro¦speryd by cause he was deuoute vnto al∣myghty god and his sayntes. And yaue myghty worshyppynge to the relykes of sayntes. And oftentymes he vyspted ho∣ly places. This man was crowned by Gregorius his cosyn. And at the last he decessyd at Rome.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.iiij.

SIluester the seconde was pope af¦ter Gregorius foure yere. And he was made pope by the helpe of the de∣uyll / to whome he dyde homage / for he sholde yeue hym all thynge that he desy¦red. And he was called Hylbert. And his enmye gate hym the grace of the kynge of Fraunce / and he made hym the bys∣shop of Remensis / but anone he was de¦posyd. And after he gate the grace of the Emperour / and was made the bys∣shop of Rauennie / and after the pope / But he had an ende anone / and so ha∣ue all that put theyr hope in fals deuyl¦les. ¶Yet men truste in his saluacyon / for certayne demonstracyon of his sepul¦cre / and for the grete penaunce that he dyde in his laste ende. For he made his honde and his legges to be cutte of / and dysmembred in all his body / and to be caste out at the dore to foules / & thenne his body to be drawen with wysde beest•• and there to be buryed where some euer they rested as an honde. And they stode styll at saynt Iohan lateranensis and there he was buryed. And that was syg∣ne of his saluacyon. ¶Iohannes the xviij. was pope fyue monethes. ¶Io¦hannes the .xix. was pope after hym fy∣ue yere. And these two dyde lytell thyn∣ges. ¶Henricus the fyrst was Empe¦rour in Almayne .xx. yere / this Henricus was duke of Barry / and all accordin∣ge he was chosen / for his blessed fame and good name the whiche he hadde. ¶And it is redde / that many of these dukes of Barry were holy men not all oonly in absteynge of flesshely desy∣res / but also in vertuous lyuynge. And this man had a syster that was an holy as he / the whome he yaue to wyfe vnto the kynge of Hungry. And she brouht all Hungry vnto the ryght byleue & the crysten fayth. And his wyues name was (sancta Konnogundis) with whome he lyued a virgyn all his lyues dayes. And also he dyde many a bataylle / as well in Ytaly / as in Almayne ayenst the re∣bellyous / and prosperyd ryghtwysly. At the laste with a blessyd ende he deces∣syd. And in the lyfe of saynt Laurence he and his wyfe be put for ensample•• / ¶ Benedictus was pope after Iohanes .xi. yere. This man had grete stryfe in his dayes / for he was put out / and a no∣ther put in. And this Benedictus after

that he was deed / was seen of an holy man bysshop in a wretchyd fygure / & he had grete payne. And this fygure sayd. He trusted noo thynge in the mercy of god. And no thynge profyted hym that was done for hym••for it was goten with extorcyon & vniustely. Thenne this bys¦shop lefte his bysshopryche for drede of this syght & wente in to a monasterye & lyued vertuously all his dayes. ¶Iohā∣nes the .x. was pope after hym .xi. yere / and lytell profyted.

¶Of Kynge Knoght that was a Dane

ANd after the dethe of Eldred Knoght that was a Dane began to regne. But Edmonde Irensyde that was kynge Eldredes sone by his fyrste wyf / ordeyned a grete power of men / & began for to warre on kynge Knoght / And soo he dyde many tymes & often / And the warre was so stronge & harde / that wonder it was to wyte. ¶And the quene Emme that dwelled tho at West∣mestre / had grete drede of her two sones of the warre Alured and Edwarde / lest they sholde be defoyled & mysdone tho∣rugh this warre. Wherfore she sente theym ouer the see in to Normandy to the duke Richarde theyr vncle. And the∣re they dwelled in saufte & peas longe tyme. ¶This Edmonde Irensyde and Knoght the Dane warred strongely to∣gyde••. But at the laste they were accor∣ded in this manere / that they sholde de∣parte the reame betwixt them both / and so they dyde / & after they became good frendes. And soo well loued togyder as they had ben brethern goten of one fa∣der & of one moder borne.

¶How kyng Edmonde Irensyde tray∣toursly was slayne thorugh a traytour / that was called Edrith of Stratton.

ANd after tho regned kyng Iren¦syde & Knoght the Dane. But thus it befell afterwarde / that in the same yere that they were accorded & so moche lo∣ued togyder. Wherfore a fals traytoure had enuytee to the loue that was betwix them and frendshyp / whoos name was Edrith of Stratton / that was a grete lorde / that was Edmondes Irensydes man / & of hym helde all the londe that he had. And neuertheles he thought his lorde to betraye & make Knoght kynge of the londe / to the entente rychely to be auaunced / & with hym be well beloued / Wherfore he prayed his lorde Edmond Irensyde vppon a daye with hym for to et••. And the kynge hym curteysly graū∣ted & to hym came at his prayer. And at the meete the kynge ryally was serued with dyuers meet{is} & drynkes. And whan the nyght came that he sholde goo vnto bedde. The kynge toke his owne meyne & wente vnto the chambre there that he sholde take his nyghtes reste. And as he loked hym about / he sawe a fayre yma∣ge & well made / and in semblaunt as it were an Archer with a boowe / & in the boowe a fyne arowe. ¶Kynge Edmon¦de wente tho nere for to beholde it better what it myght be. And anone y^• arowe smote hym thrugh the body & there sle∣we the kynge. For that engyne was ma∣de for to slee his owne lorde traytoursly ¶And so whan kynge Edmonde was thus deed & slayne / he had regned but .x. yere. And his people for hym made mo∣che sorowe. And his body they bare vnto Glastenbury & there they hym entyred. ¶And this fals traytour Edrith anone wente vnto the quene / that was kynge Edmondes wyfe / that wyst not of her lordes deth. Anone he toke from her two sones that were fayre & yonge / that her lorde had vpon her goten / that one was called Edwarde / & that other Edwyne. & ladde theym with hym to London / & toke them vnto kynge Knoght / that he sholde do wish them what his wyll we∣re.

And tolde hym how subtylly he had slayne kynge Edmonde / for by cause & loue of hym / so that kynge knoght all Englonde in his power hooly myght haue. ¶O thou fals traytour / hast thou my true brother that was soo true thus slayne for me / the man I moost loued in the worlde. Now by my heed I shall for thy trauell the well rewarde as thou hast deserued / & anone lete hym be take & bounde honde & foot in manere of a traytour / & lete cast hym there in to Ta¦myse / & in this maner the fals traytour ended his lyf. The kynge toke the two childern & put them vnto the abbot of Westmestre to warde & to kepe tyll y^t he wyst what was best with them to do.

¶How kynge knoght sente kynge Ed∣mondes sones both in to Denmarke to be slayne / & how they were saued.

SO it befell soone after that kyn¦ge knoght had all y^e londe in his honde / & spowsed the quene Emme tho∣rugh consente of his baronage. For she was a fayre woman / the whiche was El¦dredes wyf and the dukes syster of Nor∣mandy / & they lyued togyder with mo∣che loue as reason wolde. The kynge axed vpon a daye counseyll of the quene what was best to do w^t the sones y^t were Edmonde Irensydes. Syr sayd she. they ben the ryght heyres of the londe / & yf they lyue they wyll do moche sorowe w^t warre / & therfore lete sende them in to a strange londe a ferre to some man that may them defoyle & destroy. The kyng anone lete call a dane y^t was called Wal¦gar / & cōmaūded hȳ y^t he sholde lede tho two childern in Denmark / & so to do & ordeyne for them / y^• he sholde neuer here more of theym. Syr sayd this Walgar / gladly your cōmaūdement shall be done & anone tho two childern he toke & lad them in to Denmark. And for as moche as he sawe that the childern were wond fayre & also meke / he had of them grete pyte & ruche / & wolde them not slee / but lad them to the kyng of Hungry for to nourysshe / for this Walgar was well be∣knowen with the kynge & well beloued. Anone the kyng axed whens the childn were / & Walgar tolde hym & sayd / that they were the ryght heyres of Englond & therfore men wolde destroye theym / And therfore syr vnto you they be come mercy & helpe for to seke. And forsothe yf they may lyue / your men they shall become / and of you they shall holde all theyr londe. The kynge of Hungry re∣ceyued them with moche honour / & lete them worthely be kepte. ¶And thus it befell afterwarde y^t Edwyne the yonger brother deyed / & Edwarde the elder bro¦ther lyued / a fayre man & a stronge & a large of body & gentyll / and curters of condycyons / so that all men hym loued And this Edwarde in the Cronycles is called amonge the Englysshmen Ed¦warde the outlawe. ¶And whan as he was made knyght / the kynges dough∣ter of Hungry hym moche loued for his goodnes and his fayrnes / that she hym called her derlynge. The kyng that was her fader perceyued well the loue that was betwixt them two / and had no hey∣re but only that doughter / and the kyn∣ge vowchesauf his doughter to no man so well / as he dyde to hym that she lo∣ued so well & he her / and yaue her vnto hym with a good wyll / & Edwarde her spowsed with moche honour. The kyn∣ge of Hungry sente after all his barona∣ge / and made a solempne feest & a ryche weddynge. And made all men to vnder¦stande / that this Edwarde sholde be kynge of that londe after the decesse of hym. And of that tydyng{is} they were all full gladde. This Edwarde begate vp∣pon his lady a sone that was called Ed¦gar Helynge / & afterwarde a doughter that was called Margarete y^t afterwar∣de was quene of Scotlonde. And by the

kyng of Scotlond that was called Man¦colin she had a doughter that was called Maud y^t was quene afterwarde of Eng∣lond / thrugh kynge Henry that was the fyrst sone of y^e conquerour that her wed¦ded. And he begate on her a doughter y^t was called Maude that afterwarde was Empresse of Almayn. And of this Mau¦de came y^e kynge of Englonde that vn∣to this daye is called Henry y^• Empresse sone. And yet had this Edwarde an o∣ther doughter by his wyf that was cal∣led Crystyan & she was a Nonne.

¶How kynge Knoght that was a prou¦de man conquered No••••andy / & how he became afterwarde meke & mylde.

NOw haue ye herde of Edmonde Irensydes sones y^t kyng Knoght wend they had ben slayne as he had cō∣maūded Walgar before. And this kyng Knoght had in his honde all the reame of Englonde & Denmarke. And after that they wente vnto Norwaye that lon¦do for to conquere. But the kynge of the londe that was called Elaf came w^t his people / & wende his londe to haue well kepte & defended / & so there he faught with hym / tyll at the last he was slayne in that batayll. And tho this Knoght to¦ke all the londe in to his honde. And whan he had conquered Norwaye / & ta∣ken feaute & homages there / he came a∣yen in to Englonde / & helde hymself so grete a lorde / that hym thoughte in all the worlde his pere noo man was. And he came so proude and hauteyne that it was grete wonder. ¶And so it befell vp¦on a daye as he had herde masse at West¦mestre / & wolde haue gone in to his pa∣lays / the wawes of the Tamyse so swyf¦tely ayenst hym came that almoost they touched his feet. Tho sayd the kyng w^t a proude herte. I cōmaunde the water to torne ayen / or elles I shall make the / The wawes for his cōmaūdement wol∣de not spare / but flowed euer in heyght more & more. The kyng was so proude of hert that he wolde not flee the water & bete it with a rodde that he had in his honde / & cōmaunded the water that it sholde go no ferder. But for all his cō∣maūdement the water wolde not cesse / but euer wexed more & more on hygh / so that the kynge was all wete & stode de∣pe in the water. And whan he sawe that he had abyden there to longe / & the wa∣ter wolde noo thynge do his cōmaunde∣ment / tho soone he withdrewe hym / and tho stode he vpon a stone and helde his hondes on hyghe & sayd these wordes he¦rynge all the people. ¶This god that maketh the see thus aryse / is kynge of all kyng{is} / & of all myghtes moost. And I am a caytyf & a man deedly / and he may neuer deye / & all thynge doth his cō¦maundement / and to hym is obedyent / ¶ To that god I praye / that he be my warraunt. For I knowlege me a caytyf feble / and of no power. And therfore I wyll go vnto Rome without ony longe lettynge / and my wyckednesse for to pu∣nysshe and me to amende. For of god I clayme my londe for to holde / & of none other. And anone made redy his heyre / and hymself wente to Rome without o∣ny lettynge. And by the waye dyde ma∣ny almesse dedes / and whan he came to Rome also. And whan he had be there / for his synnes do penaūce / he came ayen in to Englonde / & became a good man and an holy. And lyued and left all ma¦nere of pryde and stoutenes / and lyued an holy lyf after / & made two abbayes of saynt Benet / one in Englonde and an other in Normandye / for as moche as he loued saynt Benet more specyally than other sayntes. And moche he loued also saynt Edmonde y^• kynge. And oft he yaue grete yeftes to the house / wher∣fore it was made ryche. And whan he had regned .xx. yere he deyed / and lyeth at Wynchestre.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.xviij.

BEnedictus the .ix. was pope after Iohannes / & he was a grete le∣••hour / & therfore he was dampned / and he aperyd to a certayne man vnd a mer¦uaylous fygure & an horryble. His heed & his take was lylae an asse / that other part of his body lyke a beer. And he say∣de to this man to whom he aperyd. Be not aferde / for I was a man as ye now be / but I apeyre now / for I lyued vnhap¦pely in olde tyme lyke a beest whan I was pope. In this mannes tyme there was grete dyuysyon & sclaunder to the chirche / for he was put out & in two ty∣mes. ¶And here Tholome•••• noteth / that the pryde of bysshops had euer an euyll ende. And it was euer the occasyon of moche vnrest and batayll. ¶Conra∣dus the fyrst was Emperour after Hen¦ricus .xx. yere. This man made many lawes / and cōmaunded peas to be kepte moost straytly of ony man. But the erle of ••udolf was accused / & he fledde from his londe / & desyred more to lyue lyke a churle than lyke a gentylman / & yet mer¦uayllously his sone was made Empe∣rour by the cōmaūdement of god ayenst the wyll of Conradus. And at the laste they were accorded. And he toke Coro∣dis doughter to his wyf.

¶Of kynge Harold that leuer had go on foot than ryde on hors.

THis Knoght of whome we haue spoken of before / had two sones by his wyf Emme / & y^t one was called Hardiknoght / & that other Harold. And he was so lyght of foot y^• men called hȳ moost comynly Harold Hare foot. And this Harold had no thynge the condicy∣ons & the maners of kyng Knoght that was his fader. For he sette but lytell pry¦ce of chyualrye / ne noo curteysy / nother worshyp / but oonly by his owne wyll / And he became so wycked that he exyled his moder Emme. And she wente out of the londe in to Flaūdres / & there dwelled w^t the erle / wherfore after there was ne∣uer good loue betwixt hym & his broder For his broder hated hȳ deedly / & whan he had regned two yere & a lytell more / he deyed & lyeth at Westmestre.

¶Of kynge Hardiknoght that was Ha¦roldes brother.

AFter this Harold Harefoot reg∣ned his brother Hardiknoght•• a noble knyght & a worthy man & moche loued chyualry / & all maner of goodnes And whan this Hardiknoght had red∣ned a lytell whyle / he lete vncouere his brother Harold & smote of his heed that was his broder at Westmestre•• & lete cast the heed in to a gonge / & the body in to Tamyse. And after came fysshers & to¦ke the body with theyr nettes by nyght / & bare hym to saynt Clementes ch••••che & there hym buryed. And in this maner auenged hym Hardiknoght of his brod{er} for in none other maner he myght be a∣uenged. This kynge Hardiknoght was so large a yeuer of meete & drynke / that his tables were sette euery daye thre ty∣mes full with ryall meetes & drynkes for his owne meyne / and for all that came vnto his courte / to be rychely serued of ryall meetts. ¶And this kynge Hardi∣knoght sente after Emme his moder / & made her to come ayen in to Englon∣de / for she was dryuen out of Englonde whyle that Harold Harefoot regned / thrugh counseyll of the erle Godewin / that tho was the grettest lorde of Eng∣londe next the kynge / & moost myght do thrugh out all Englonde what he wolde his cōmaundement / for as moche as he had spowsed the doughter of the good kynge Knoght / that was a Dane•• whi∣che doughter he hadde by his fyrst wyf / ¶ And whanne this quene was dryuen

out of Englonde / & come to the Erle of Flaūdres / that was called Baldewyne her cosyn / he foūde her there all thynge that her neded / vnto the tyme y^t she wen¦te ayen in to Englonde / that the kynge Hardiknoght had sent for her that was her some & made her come ayen with mo¦che honour. This kynge Hardiknoght whan he had regned fyue yere he deyed and lyeth at Westmestre.

¶Of the vylany that the Danys dyde to the Englysshmen. Wherfore fro that tyme after was no Dane made kynge of this londe.

ANd after the deth of this kynge Hardsknoght / for as moche as he had noo thynge of his body begoten / The erles & barons assembled / & made a coūsell / that neuer more after no man y^t was a Dane / though he were neuer so grete a man amonges them / he sholde neuer be kynge of Englonde for the des∣pyte y^t the Danes had done to Englyssh¦men. For euermore before & yf it were so that the Englysshmen & y^• Danys hap∣ned for to mete vpon a brydge / the En∣glysshmen sholde not be so hardy to me∣••e ne styre a foot / but stande styll tyll y^e Dane were passed forth. And more ouer yf y^t Englysshmen had not bowed dow¦ne theyr heedes to do reuerence vnto the Danys / they sholde haue ben beten & de¦foylled. And suche maner despytes & vy¦lany dyde the Danys to our Englysshe¦men. Wherfore they were dryuen out of y^• londe after tyme y^• kyng Hardiknoght was deed / for they had no lorde y^t theym myght mayntene. ¶And in this maner auoyded the Danys Englonde / y^t neuer they came ayen. ¶The erles & barons by theyr comyn assente & by theyr coūse∣les sent vnto Normandy for to seke tho∣se two brethern. Alured & Edwarde that were dwellynge with the duke Richarde that was theyr came / in entente for to crowne Alured the elder brother / & hym make kynge of Englonde. And of this thynge to make an ende / the erles & ••a∣rons made theyr othe. But y^• erle Gode¦win of Westsex falsely & traytoursely thought to slee these two brethern anone as they sholde come in to Englonde / in entent / to make his sone Harold kynge the whiche sone he had begote vpon his wyfe / the whiche was kynge Knoghtes doughter that was a Dane. And so this Godewin pryuely hȳ went vnto South hampton for to mete there the two bre∣thern whan y^t they sholde come vnto lon¦de. ¶And thus it befell the messengers that wente in to Normandy / foūde not but oonly Alured y^t was the elder brother For Edwarde his brother was gone in to Hungary for to speke with his cosyn Edwarde the outlawe / y^t was Edmon∣des sone with the Irensyde. The messen¦gers tolde & sayd Alured / how that the erles & barons of Englonde sente after hym / & that he boldely sholde come in to Englonde & receyue the reame. For kyn¦ge Hardiknoght was deed / & all the Da¦nes dryuen out of the londe.

¶How Godewin the fals traytour to∣ke Alured vppon Gyldesdowne whan that he came from Normandy to be kyn¦ge of Englonde / & how he caused hym to be martyred in the yle of Ely.

AS Alured herde these tydynges he thanked god. And in to shyp∣pe went with all the hast that he myght and passed the see / & arryued at South∣hampton there Godewin the fals tray∣tour was. And whan this traytour sawe that he was come / he welcomed hym & receyued hym with moche Ioye & sayd / that he wolde lede hym to London there that all the barons of Englonde hym a∣bode to make hym kynge. And so they wente on theyr waye towarde London / And whan they came on Gyldesdowne

tho sayd the traytour Godwin vnto Alu¦red. Take kepe about you bothe on the lyfte syde & ryght syde / & of all ye shall be kynge / & of suche an hondred more / Now forsothe sayd Alured. I behyght you & yf I be kynge. I shall ordeyne & make suche lawes / wherfore god & man shall be well pleased. Now had the tray∣tour cōmaunded all his men that were w^t hym. that whan they were come vpon Gildesdowne / that they sholde slee all y^t were in Aluredes company / that came with hym fro Normandy / & after that take Alured & lede hym in to the yle of Ely / & after put out bothe his eyen of his heed / & afterwarde brynge hym to deth / & so they dyde. For they slewe all y^e company that there were / the nombre of .xij. gentylmen that were come w^t hym fro Normandy / & after toke they Alured & in the yle of Ely they put out his eyen & rent his wombe & toke the chyef of his bowels / & put a stake in the grounde / & an ende of the bowels therto fastened / & with nedyls eylesse of yren they pryched the good childe / and so made hym to go about the stake tyll that all his bowels were drawen out of his body / & so deyed Alured there thorugh treason of the erle Godewin. ¶Whan the lordes of Eng∣londe had herde & wyst how Alured that sholde haue be theyr kynge was put to deth thrugh the fals traytour Godewin they were wonder wroth. And swore by∣twene god & them / that he sholde deye a more wors dethe / than dyde Edrith of Stratton / that had betrayed his lorde Edmonde Irensyde / & they wolde haue put hȳ to deth / but y^e theyf traytour fled thens in to Denmark / & there helde hȳ foure yere & more / & lost all his londe in Englonde.

SIluester the thyrde was pope af∣ter Benedictus. This Siluester was chose / and Benedictus was ••••pul∣syd. And afterwarde was he expulsyd / & Benedictus was put vp ayen. And after he was put out / and Gregorius was ma¦de pope. And he was but a symple let∣tred man / & therfore he chose an other man for to be consecrate with hym. And whan many men were dyspleased with this gydynge of two popes / the thyrde was brought in / the whiche sholde occu∣pye the place of bothe tho two. And soo they stroue amonge themself. But Hen∣ry the Emperour came thenne to Rome & deposyd them all / and made Clement the seconde pope / whome he made ano∣ne to crowne hym. And he sayd to the Romayns / they sholde neuer ch••se pope without his assent. And so fyue beynge popes / the sixte was put in. But many men saye / this Gregorus was an holy man. ¶Dama••ius the seconde was af∣ter Clement .xx. dayes. This man was an vsurper of the popeheed / and soo he deyed sodenly. And anone the Romayns asked to haue a pope / & that the Almay¦nes sholde haue none. For they were soo harde herted / that they myght not encly¦ne to the entente of the Emperour / the whiche sayd. There sholde be no pope chosen but yf he wolde be of counseyll of the eleccyon. But for all that they putt in this holy man Leo & after he bad of that conscyence / & refused. And anone he was chosen by the comyn assent this Leo put Cryste in the fourme of a Las•• in his owne bedde / & in the morowe he founde no thynge there.

¶Of saynt Edwarde the Confessour that was Aluredes brother how he was kynge of Englonde.

ANd whan this was done / all the barons of Englonde sent an o∣ther tyme in to Normandy / for that Ed¦warde sholde come in to Englonde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 moche honour. ¶And this Edwarde in his childehode loued almyghty god and hym dradde. And in honeste & clennesse

had ladde his lyf / & hated synne as deth And whan he was crowned & anoynted with a ryall power / he forgate not his good maners & condycyons that he fyrst vsed. And forgate not al good customes for no manere honour / ne for ryches / ne no manere hyghnes. But euer more and more yaue hym to goodnesse / and loued god and holy chirche passynge all other manere thynge. And poore men also he loued / & them helde as they had ben his owne brethern. And to them oft he yaue grete almesse with full good wyll.

¶Of the fyrst specyal loue that god she¦wed to saynt Edwarde lyuynge.

IT befell on a daye / as he wente from the chirche of Westmynstre. & had herde masse of saynt Iohan the Euangelyst / for as moche as he loued saynt Iohn Euangelyst more specyally after god & our lady than he dyde ony o∣ther saynt. And so there came to hym a pylgryme / & prayed hym for the loue of god & our lady & saynt Iohn the Euan∣gelyst some good hym for to yeue. And y^e kynge pryuely toke his rynge of his fyn¦ger / that no man perceyued it & yaue it to the pylgryme / & he it receyued & went thens. ¶This kynge Edward•• made alle the good lawes of Englonde / that yet ben moost vsed & holden. And was so mercyable and so full of pyte / that no man myght be more.

¶How the erle Godewin came ayen in to Englonde & had ayen all his londe / and afterwarde saynt Edwarde wedded his doughter.

AS the Erle Godewin that was dwellynge in Denmarke had moche herde of the goodnesse of kynge Edwarde / & that he was so full of mer∣cy & of pyte. He thoughte that he wolde go ayen in to Englonde / for to seke & to haue grace of the good kynge Edwar∣de that so mercyfull was / that he myght haue ayen his londe in peas. And aray∣ed hym as moche as he myght & put hȳ towarde the see & came in to Englonde to London there that the kyng was that tyme & all the lordes of Englonde / and helde a parlyament. Godewin sente to hym that were his frendes / & were the moost grettest lordes of the londe / & pray to them to beseche the kynges grace for hym / & that he wolde his peas & his lon¦de graunte hym. The lordes ledde hym before the kynge to seke his grace. And anone as the kyng hym sawe / he apeled hym of treason / & of the deth of Alured his brother / and these wordes vnto hym sayd. Traytour Godewin sayd the kyn¦ge I the appele / that thou hast betrayed & slayne my brother Alured. Certes syr sayd Godewin. sauynge your grace and your peas & your lordshyp. I hym neuer betrayed / ne yet hym slewe. And therfo∣re I put me in rewarde of y^e courte. Now fayr lordes sayd the kynge. Ye that ben my lyeges / erles and barons of the londe that here be assembled / full well ye her∣de myn appele / and the answere also of Godewin / and therfore I woll that ye awarde & dooth ryght. The erles & ba∣rons tho gadred them all togyder for to do this awarde by themself / and so they spake dyuersely amonge them. For some sayd / there was neuer alyaūce by homa∣ge seriment seruyce / ne by lordshypp by∣twene Godewin and Alured / for which thynge they myght hym drawe. And a•••• the laste they deuysed and demed / that he sholde put hym in the kynges mercy all togyder. Tho spake the erle Leuerik of Couentree a good man to god and to all the worlde / and tolde his reason in this maner & sayd. The erle Godewin is the best frended man of Englonde af¦ter the kynge / & well it myght not be a∣gayne sayd / that without coūsell of Go¦dewin Alured was neuer putt to dethe /

Wherfore I awarde as towchynge my parte / that hymself & his sone & euery of vs .xij. erles that ben his frendes go befo¦re the kynge / charged with as moche gol¦de & syluer as we may bere betwixt our hondes / prayenge the kynge to forgeue his euyll wyll to the erle Godewin / & re¦ceyue his homage / & his londe yelde a∣yen. And they accorded vnto that a war∣de / and came in this maner as is aboue sayd / euery of them with golde & syluer as moche as they myghte bere bytwene her hondes before the kynge / & there say¦de the fourme & the maner of theyr acor¦de & of theyr awarde. The kyng wolde not theym agaynsaye / but as moche as they ordeyned / he graūted & confermed. And so was the erle Godewin accorded with the kynge / & so he had ayen all his londe. And afterwarde he bare hym soo well & soo wysely / that the kynge loued hym worder moche / & with hym he was ful preuy. And within a lytell tyme they loued soo moche / that there the kynge spowsed Godewins doughter / & made her quene. And neuerthelesse though the kynge had a wyfe / yet he lyued euer in chastyte & clennesse of body without ony flesshly dede doynge with his wyf. And the quene also in her halfe ladde an ho∣ly lyf two yere / & deyed. And afterwar∣de the kynge lyued all his lyfe withoute ony wyf. ¶The kyng yaue the erledom of Oxenforde to Harolde that was Go¦dewins sone / & made hym erle. And soo well they were beloued / bothe the fader & he / and so pryue with the kynge / both the fader & the sone / that they myght do by ryght what thynge that they wolde / For ayenst ryght wolde he no thynge do for no maner man / so good and true he was of conscyence. And therfore our lor∣de Ihesu Cryste grete specyll loue vnto hym shewed.

¶How kynge Edwarde sawe Swyne kynge of Denmark drowned in the see in the tyme of the Sacrament as he sto¦de & herde masse.

IT befelle vppon Wytsondaye as kynge Edwarde herde his masse in the grete chirche of Westmestre ryght at the leuacyon of Ihesu Crystys body / & as all men were gadred in to the chir∣che / and came nygh the awter for to see the sacrynge / the kynge his hondes lyft vp on hyghe / and a grete laughter toke vp. Wherfore all that aboute hym stode gretely ganne wonder. And after masse / they axed why the kynges laughter was Fayre lorde sayd kynge Edwarde. I sa∣we Swyne the yonger that was kynge of Denmark come in to the see with all his power for to haue come in to Eng∣londe vpon vs for to warre. And I sawe hym & all his folke drowned in the see. and alle this I sawe in the leuacyon of Crystis body bytwene the preestes bon∣de / and I had therfore so grete Ioye that I myghte not my laughter withholde / ¶And the erle Leueryk besyde hym sto¦de at the leuacyon / and openly sawe the fourme of brede torne in the lyknesse of a yonge childe / & toke vp his ryght hon∣de and blessyd the kynge & after the erle and the erle anone tomed hym towarde the kynge for to make hym see that holy syght. And tho sayd the kynge. ¶Sy•••• Erle sayd he I see well that ye see than¦ked be god y^t I haue honoured my god my sauyour visybly Ihesu Cryst in four me of man. Whoos name be blessyd in all worldes. AMEN

¶How the rynge that sayne Edwarde bod gyuen to a poore pylgryme for the loue of god & sayne Iohan Euangelyst came ayen to kynge Edwarde.

THis noble man sayne Edwarde regned .xiij. yere. And thus it be∣fell vpon a tyme are he deyed / that two men of Englonde were gone in to holy

londe / & had done theyr pylgrymage / & were goynge ayen in to theyr owne coū∣tree where they came fro. And as they wente in the waye / they mette a pylgry∣me that curteysly them saluwed / & axed of them in what londe & in what coūtree they were borne. And they sayd in Eng¦londe. Tho axed he who was kynge of Englonde. And they answered & sayd. the good kynge Edwarde. ¶Fayre fren¦des sayd tho the pylgryme / whan that ye come in to your coūtree ayen. I praye you that ye wyll go vnto kynge Edwar¦de / & oftentymes grete hym in myn na∣me / and oftentymes hym thanke of his grete curteysye / that he to me hath done & namely for the rynge that he yaue me whan he had herde masse at Westmes∣tre for saynt Iohans loue Euangelyst And toke the rynge / & toke it to the pyl∣grymes & sayd. I praye you go and bere this rynge / & take it vnto kyng Edwar¦de / & telle hym that I sende if hym / & a full ryche yefte I wyll hym yeue. For vp¦on the .xij. daye he shall come vnto me / & euer more dwelle in blysse without ony ende. ¶Syr sayd the pylgrymes / what man be ye / and in what coūtree is your dwellynge. ¶Fayre frendes sayd he. I am Iohn the Euangelyst / & I am dwel¦lynge with almyghty god / & your kyng Edwarde is my frende / & I loue hym in specyall for by cause that he hath euer∣more lyued in clennesse & is a clene may¦de / & I praye you my message fulfyll as I haue you sayd. Whan y^t saynt Iohn y^• Euangelyst had them thus charged / so∣denly he voyded out of theyr syght{is} both The pylgrymes tho thanked almyghty god & went forth theyr waye. And whan they had gone two or thre myle / they be∣gan to waxe very & sette them adowne for to rest them / & so they felle on slepe / And whan they had slepte well / one of them awoke & lyfte vp his heed & loked about / & sayd to his felowe. Aryse vp & walke we in our waye. What sayd that one felowe vnto that other / where be we now. Certes sayd that other / it semeth me that this is not the same coūtree the∣re we layde vs downe in for to rest & sle¦pe. For we were from Ierusalem but thre myle. They toke vp theyr hondes & bles¦syd them / & wente forth in theyr waye / And as they went in theyr waye / they sa¦we sheperdes goynge with theyr shepe y^• spake none other langage but englysshe ¶Good frendes sayd one of the pylgry¦mes / what coūtree is this / & who is lor∣de therof. ¶And one of the sheperdes answered & sayd / this coūtree is the coū¦tree of Kente in Englonde / of the whi∣che the good kyng Edwarde is lorde of. The pylgrymes thanked tho almyghty god & saynt Iohn Euangelyst / & wente forth in theyr waye & came to Caunter∣bury / & fro thens vnto London / & there they foūde the kyng. And tolde hym all from the begynnynge vnto the endynge asmoche as saynt Iohn had them char∣ged / & of all thyng{is} how they had sped by the waye. And toke the rynge to kyn¦ge Edwarde / & he toke it / & thanked al∣myghty god & saynt Iohn Euangelyst And tho made hym redy euery daye fro daye to daye to departe out of this lyf / whan god wolde for hym sende.

¶How saynt Edwarde deyed the Twelfth daye.

ANd after it befell thus on Cryst masse euen / as the holy man Ed¦warde was at goddes seruyce matyns for to here of that hyghe solempne feest. he became full syke / and in the morowe endured with moche payne the masse for to here. And after masse he lete hym be ladde in to his chambre / there for to reste hym. But in his halle amonge his barons and his knyghtes myght he not come theym for to comforte and solace / as he was wonte for to do at that wor∣thy feest. Wherfore all theyr myrth and

comfort amonge al that were in the hal∣le was tonned in to care & sorowe / bycau¦se they dradde for to lese the good lorde the kyng. ¶And vpon saynt Iohn daye Euangelyst that came next / the kyng re¦ceyued his ryghtes of holy chirche / as it befalleth to euery crysten man / & abode the mercy & y^t wyll of god. And the two pylgrymes he lete before hym come & ya¦ue theym ryche yeftes & betoke theym to god. Also the abbot of Westmestre he le¦te before hym come & toke hym that ryn¦ge in the honour of god & saynt Mary / & of saynt Iohan the Euangelyst. And the abbot toke it & put it amonge other relykes / so that it is at Westmestre / & e∣uer shall be / & so laye the kyng syke tyll the twelfth eue. And tho deyed the good kynge Edwarde at Westmestre / & there he lyeth. For whoos loue god hath she∣wed many a fayre myracle. ¶And this was in the yere of the Incarnacyon of our lorde Ihesu Cryste .M.lxv. And af∣ter he was translated & put in to y^• shry¦ne by the noble martyr saynt Thomas of Caunterbury.

UIctor the seconde was pope af∣ter Leo / & of hym lytell is wry∣ten. ¶Henry y^• seconde was Emperour after the fyrst Henry .xvij. yere / this man was cosyn to Conradus / & he was borne in a wood / & twyes taken for to be slay∣ne whan he was a childe / but god defen¦ded hym euermore. Whan he was made Emperour / many a monastery he made in the same place in the wood where he was borne. This man was a victoryous man / & he entred in to Ytaly / & there he toke Padulphus the prynce of Campa∣ny. ¶Strepha••••s the .ix. was pope after Victor .ix. monethes. ¶Benedictus af∣ter hym / & he toke the dygnyte of the po¦pe Stephanus by strength & kept it .ix. monethes / & thenne decessyd. ¶Henry the thyrde was Emperour after Henry the seconde / this Henry was an 〈◊〉〈◊〉 man / & many tymes troubled that ho¦ly man Gregorius the .vij. And fyrst he axed forye••enesse & was assoyled. But he per••euered not longe / but brought in an other pope ayenst hym / and sayd he was an heretyke. And Gregori{us} cursyd hym. And the chesers of the Emperour they chose the duke of Saxon for to be Emperour / whom this Henry in batay∣le ouercame. And thenne he came to Ro¦me with his pope & pursewed pope Gre¦gorius & the Cardynalles also. ¶And thenne anone Robert the kynge of Na∣ples droue hym thens / and delyuered the pope & his Cardynalles. Neuerthelesse yet he was a man of grete almesse. And .xij. tymes he faught in batayll / and a•••• the laste he deyed wretchedly / for he was put there by his owne sone. For so as he dyde to other men / so was he done vnto ¶Nichola{us} the seconde was pope after Benedictus two yere / this Nichola{us} cal∣led a coūseyll ayenst the Archedeken of Turonoseus / the whiche was an her••ty¦ke / & he taught ayenst the fayth. For he erred in the sacrament / & after he was cōuerted & was an holy man / but he cou∣de neuer cōuerte his dyscyples. Nota. ¶Alexander y^• seconde was pope after hym .xij. yere / this Alexand was an holy man. & he ordeyned y^• vnder payne of cur¦synge that no man sholde here a preest{is} masse whom men knewe had a lemman (Vt pʐ .xxxij. p̄ter hoc) He had stryue w^t one Codulo / but he expulsyd hȳ as an v∣surper / & put hym out as a symonyer.

¶How Harolde that was Godewins sone was made kyng / & how he escaped from the duke of Normandy.

AS saynt Edward was gone out of this worlde / & was passed to god & worthely enteryd as to suche a gre¦te l••••de ought / the barons of the londe wolde ••••••ad Edwarde Elingus. so∣me to Edwarde the outlawe that was

Edmonde ••rensydes sone to be kynge•• For as moche as he was moost kyndest kynges blood of the reame. ¶But Ha∣••des sone thrugh the erle Godewin / & the strength of his fader Godewin / and torugh other grete lordes of the reame / that were of his kynne & vnto hȳ sybbe seased all Englonde in to his bonde / & anone lete crowne hym kynge after the enterement of Saynt Edwarde. This sy••olde that was Godewines sone the seconde yere afore that saynt Edwarde was deed / wolde haue gone in to Flaun∣dres but he was dryuen thrugh tempest in to the coūtree of Pountyse / & there he was taken & brought to duke Wylliam And this Harolde wende that tho this d••ke Wyllyam wolde haue be auenged 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hym for by cause that y^• erle Go∣dewin that was Haroldes fader / had le∣te ••lee Alured that was saynt Edward{is} 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & pryncypally for by cause that 〈◊〉〈◊〉 was quene Emines sone / that was Richardes moder duke of Norman dy that was a••••nll to the duke William And neuertheles whan the duke Willi∣am had Harolde in pryson & vnder his power / forasmoche as this Harold was a noble wyse knyght & a worthy of bo∣dy / & that his fader & he was accorded with good kynge Edwarde / & therfore wolde not mysdo hym. But all manere thynges that betwixt them was spoken and ordeyned. Harolde by his good wyll swore v••on a boke / & vpon holy sayntes that he sholde spouse & wedde duke Wil¦lyams doughter after the deth of saynt Edwarde / & that he sholde besely do his d••uour for to kepe & saue the reame of Englonde vnto the profyte & auantage of duke Wyllyam. ¶And whan Harol¦de had thus made his othe vnto y^• duke Wyllyam he lete hym goo / & ya•••• hym many a ••••yche yettes. And he tho wente 〈…〉〈…〉 hym be amenged what 〈…〉〈…〉 befell. ¶And anone 〈…〉〈…〉 assemble a grete 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & come in to En∣glonde to auenge hym vpon Harolde / & to conquert the londe yf that he myght. ¶And in the same yere that Harolde was crowned. Harolde Herekynge kyn¦ge of Denmarke arryued in Scotlande & thought to haue be kynge of Englon∣de / & he came in Englonde & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & destroyed all that he myght / tyll that he came to Yorke / & there he slewe many men of armes a thousande & a h••••dred preestes. Whan this tydydges came to y^• kynge / he assembled a grete power / and wente for to fyght w^t Haralde of Den∣mark / & with his owne hondes he hym slewe / & the Danes were dyscomfyted / and tho that were left alyue with moche sorowe fledde to theye shyppes. And thus kynge Harolde of Englonde slewe kyn¦ge Haralde of Denmark.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.lxvi.

¶How William Bastarde duke of Nor¦mandy came in to England / and slewe kynge Harolde.

[illustration]

ANd whan this batayll was do∣ne. Harolde became so proude / & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 no thynge per••e with his people of the thynge that he had goten / but hel 〈◊〉〈◊〉 all 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hymself. Wherfore the moost parte of his people, were ••••••the & from hym 〈◊〉〈◊〉 is y^• oonly w^t hym abode 〈◊〉〈◊〉 but his soldyours. And vpon a 〈…〉〈…〉 he sate at meete / a messager ca∣me to hȳ & sayd / that Wyllyam bastar∣de the duke of Normandy was arryued in Englonde w^t a grete hoste / & had ta∣ke all the lo••de about Haslynge / & also myned the castell. Whan the kynge had herde this tydynges / he went thyther w^t a lytell power in all the hast y^• he myght for there were but fewe people with hym lefte. And whan he was come thyder he ordeyned to yeue bataylle to duke Wy∣llyam. But the duke axed hym of these thre thynges / yf that he wolde haue his doughter to wyf as he made & swore his othe & behyght / or that he wolde holde the londe of hym in truage / or he wolde determyne this thynge in batayll. This Harolde was a proude man & a stronge & trusted wonder moche vpon his streng the / and faught with the duke William and with his people. But Harolde and his men in this batayl were dyscomfy∣ted / and hymself there was slayne / and this batayll was ended at Tombrydge in the seconde yere of his regne / vppon saynt Calixtus daye / & so he was bury∣ed at Walcham.

¶Of kynge Wyllyam bastarde & how he gouerned hym well and wysely / and of the greate warre bytwene hym & the kynge of Fraunce.

AS Wyllyam Bastarde duke of Normandy had conquered all y^• londe / vpon Crystmasse daye then nexte he lete crowne hym kyng at Westmestre & as a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 kyng yo•••• vnto Englysh 〈◊〉〈◊〉 largely 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & to his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / And afterwarde he wente hym ouer the see & came in to Normandye / & there be dwelled a whyle. And in the seconde ye∣re of his regne he came ayen in to Eng¦londe / & brought with hym Maude his wyf & lete crowne her quene Englon¦de on Wyssondaye. ¶And tho anone af¦ter the kyng of Scotlonde / that was cal¦led Malcol•••• began to stryue & wan•• w^t the kynge Wyllyam. And he ordeyned hym towarde Scotlonde with his men bothe by londe & by see / for to deshore kynge Malcolm. But they were ••••••∣ded / & y^• kyng of Scotlonde be 〈…〉〈…〉 man / & belde all his londe of hym. And kynge William receyued of hym his ho¦mage & came ayen in to Englond And as kynge William had be kyng 〈…〉〈…〉 it. Maude y^• quene deyed on whom 〈◊〉〈◊〉¦ge William had begote 〈…〉〈…〉 dern / that is for to say. Robert Curth a William Rous. Richarde also that 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ed. Henry Beauclerke and Maude 〈◊〉〈◊〉 that was the erles wyf of Bleynes: o¦ther foure fayr doughters. ¶And after his wyues dethe / grete de••ate began be∣twixt hym & the kyng of Fraū••e Philip but at the laste they were accorded. And tho dwelled the kynge of Englonde in Normandy / & noo man hym warned•• he no man longe tyme. ¶And the kyn∣ge of Fraunce sayd vpon a daye in 〈◊〉〈◊〉¦ne of kynge William had longe tyme lyen in childe bedde / & longe tyme bad•• rested hym there. And this worde came to the kynge of Englonde there that he dyde lye in Normandye at Rone. And for this worde was tho ruyll apayed•• & also wonder wroth towarde the kyng of Fraunce. And swore by god / that whan he were arysen of his skyenesse he wol∣de lyg•••••• a thousande candelles to the kynge of Fraūce / & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 lete assemble a grete hoste of Normandy & of Englys¦she men. And in the begyunynge of Her 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he come in to Fraunce & bende all 〈…〉〈…〉 that they come by 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the

〈…〉〈…〉 to here 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & as moche as he myghte brea••e. And hymselfe halpe therto alle that he myghte with a good wyll. And there was a grete hete / what of the fyre that was so grete / & of the sonne that it was w••der hote that it stuffed hym so that he became & felle in to a grete dysea¦se & skynesse. And whan he sawe that he was so stronge syke / he ordeyned & as¦sygned all Normandye to Robert Cur∣thos his sone / & all Englonde to Wyl∣lyam the Rous / and bequane to Henry Beauclerke all his treasour. And whan he thus had done / he receyued all the sa∣crament{is} of holy chirche / & deyed the .xx. yere of his regne / & lyeth at Cane in Nor¦mandy.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.lxvi.

ORegorius the .vij. was pope after Alexander .xij. yere / this man or∣deyned in a generall Synodus / that no preest sholde haue a wyf ne sholde dwel¦le with wȳmen / but tho that y^• holy Sy∣nodus of Micena & other decrees hadde suffred. And then y^• preest{is} sette nought or lytell pondred his ordynaunce. This pope cōmaunded y^• no man sholde here masse of a preest y^• had a cōcubyne. And he on a certayn tyme whan he was Car¦dynall & Legate in to Fraūce / proceded sharpely ayenst prelates & preestes / that were symoniers. And among other was one bysshopp there that was gretely fa∣med with symonye. And these that accu¦sed hym / pryuely he hyered them to saye the 〈◊〉〈◊〉. The whiche the Legate commayned / & afore all the people he say∣de. Lote the Iudgement of this men ••sse at this tyme / for it it dyscey••••ble / & lete 〈◊〉〈◊〉 dyspose for it. And sayd / thus it is 〈◊〉〈◊〉. That the dygryde of a bysshop is the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of the holy ghost. And who some euer byeth a bysshope / doth a∣yenst y^• holy ghost. Th••••e y^• thou bys∣shop dyde not ayenst the holy ghost / ••aye openly afore all the people (〈◊〉〈◊〉 pe∣tri of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 et spiritual sancta) And many tymes he began to saye it / but he coude neuer speke (spirtut sancta) Thenus he was depasyd of his bysshop 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / and after he coude speke it well ynought. ¶Vict•••• the thyrde was pope after hym do yere / & this man was poysoned with venym in the chaly•• ¶〈◊〉〈◊〉 was po¦pe after hym two yere. This man ••••∣syd the kynge of Frallce for his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 And he called a counseyll at Clarū in the whiche he ordeyned / that matyns of our lady sholde be sayd euery daye / & on Saterdaye her solempue masse. And it is sayd / that this was shewed vnto y^• freres of Cartulis. ¶Also he called an¦other counsesyll at Turam for the holy londe to be wonne aym / & prouoked the people to that matere / & within a lytell tyme after that matere / the holy londe was receuered & the sepulcre of our lon∣de / & Anthioche with many other cytees taken fro the Sarrasyus. And it is sayd & men byleued that .CC.M. crysten men wente to that Iourney. For there wente of states olde men & yonge / and also ty∣che and peace / and n••o man compelled theym. And this passage was made by the vysyon of our lady. And the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of this people were dyuerse. Due was Godfroy de Bolayne a full noble man of all the worlde / and a vertuous man / And all other was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Du∣ke of Neaples. The thyrde was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the kynges brother of Fraunce / & many other / the whiche dyde full nobly for the fayth of god. ¶And it 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to longe to this booke to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 make that they dyde.

¶Of kynge Wyllyam 〈…〉〈…〉 was kynge Wyllyam 〈◊〉〈◊〉 sone / that 〈…〉〈…〉 & houses of Relygon for to make the newe forest.

ANd after this Wyllyam bestar∣de 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his sous William the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 And this Wyllyam was a won∣der counteryous man to god & holy chir¦che / and lete amende & make the towne of Cordeis / that the Pay••ens had de∣stroyed. This kyng Wellyam destroyed holy chirche & theyr possessyous. in what parte he myght them fynde. And therfo∣re there was soo moche debate bytwene hym & the Archebysshop of Caunterbu∣ry Ancelmus. For by cause that he repre¦nyd hym of his wyckednesse / that he de∣stroyed Holy chirche. And for that cause the kyng bare to hym grete wrath. And so he exyled hym out of this londe / and the Archbysshop wente to the courte of Rome / & there dwelled with the pope / And this kyng made the newe forest / & caste downe & destroyed .xxvi. townes / & lxxx. houses of Relygyon / all for to ma∣ke his forest lenger & broder. And beca∣me wond gladde & proude of his wood & of his forest. And nourysshed the wyl∣de beestes that were within / that it was meruaylle for to wyte / so that men cal∣led hym keper of woodes & of pastures. And the more lenger that he lyued / the more wyched he became both to god & to all holy chirche & to all his men. ¶And this kynge lete make the grete halle of Westmstre. So vpon a daye in y^• Wyt∣sontyde he helde therin his fyrst feest / & he loked hym aboute and sayd / that the halle was to lytell by y^• half deale. And at the laste he became so•• contraryous / that all thynge y^• pleased god / dysplea∣sed hym / & alle thynge that god loued / he hated deedly. ¶And so it befell / that he dremyd vpon a nyght a lytell or that he deyed / that he was lete blood / & bled•• a grete quantyte of blood / & a streme of blood lepte on hygh towarde heuen mo∣re than a hondred fad••m / and the clere∣nesse of the daye was torned vnto nyght and darknesse of the fytmament also / ¶ And whan that he awoke he had gre¦te drede / so that he not wyst what for to doo. And tolde his dreme to men of his coūseyll & sayd / that he had grete drede / & supposyd that to hym was some mys∣chaūce to come. ¶And y^• second nyght before a monke dremyd of the houshol∣de / that the kynge wente in to a chu••••he with moche people / and he was pr••wde that he despysed all the people that we∣re with hym / & that he toke the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of the Crucefixe / & shamefully 〈…〉〈…〉 his teeth. And the Cruciu•••• 〈…〉〈…〉 all that he dyde. But yet 〈…〉〈…〉 & as a wood man rente of the 〈…〉〈…〉 the Crucefixe / & cast it vnder his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 defoylled it / and ch••ewe if all a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 And a grete fyre came out of the Cru••••∣fixe mouthe. Of whiche 〈…〉〈…〉 man had grete meruaylle and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ¶The good man that had dremed 〈◊〉〈◊〉 straūge dreme / tolde it to a knyght that was moost pryue with the kynge of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 men / & the knyght was called Hamon∣des. ¶Soone the monke & he tolde the dremes to the kyng & sayd. That it shol¦de betokenen other thynge than ••eed▪ And neuertheles y^• kyng laughed 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••••twyes or thryts / and lytel sette 〈…〉〈…〉 thought that he wolde goo & haute and playe in the forest. And men 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hym that he sholde not go that 〈…〉〈…〉 no maner thynge ne come in the weed / so that he abode at home before meete. But anone as he had eten no man hym myght lette / but he wolde goo vnto the wood for to haue his dysporte. ¶And so it befell that one of his knyghtes that hyght Walter Tytell wolde haue sho•• to an harte / and his arowe glentyd vp∣on a braunche and thorugh mysauenc••••∣re smote the kynge to the herte. And soo he felle downe deed to the groūde with∣out ony worde spekynge / and soo ended his lyf dayes. And it was no meruayll / 〈◊〉〈◊〉

daye that he deyed he had lete to seeue the Archebysshopryche of Caūter¦bury / and .xij. abbayes also / & euermore dyde greate destruccyon to holy chirche / thrugh ••••nfull takynge & axynges / for no man durst withstande that he wolde haue done. And of his lewdenes he wol¦de neuer withdrawe / nother to amende his lyfe. And therfore god wolde suffre hȳ no lenger to regne in his wyckednes And he had be kyng .xiij. yere and .vi. we¦kes / & lyeth at Westmestre

¶Anno dm̄ .M.lxxxviij.

PAschall was pope after Vrban{us} .xviij. yere and .v. monethes / the whiche the .xiij. yere of his bysshopryche w^t his Cardynalles was put in pryson / by Henry y^• fourth Emperour. And they myght not be delyuered vntyll the pope had sworne that he sholde kepe peas w^t hym & that he sholde neuer curse hym / And on that promyse / the pope yaue the Emperour a preuylege / & the yere after the pope damned that preuylege / & sayd on this wyse. Lete vs comprehende al ho¦ly scrypture the olde testament & y^• newe the lawes of the prophecyes / the gospell & the canons of appostles / & all the de∣crees of the popes of Rome / that al they helde I holde / & that that they dampned Idampne / & moost specyally that preuy¦lege graunted to Henry the Emperour / the whiche rather is graunted to venge his malyce / than to multeplye his pacy∣ence in vertue. For euer more I dampne that same preuylege.

¶Of kyng Henry Beauclerk that was Wyllyam Rous brother / and of the de∣bate bytwene hym & Robert Curthos his brother.

ANd whan Wyllyam Rous was deed. Henry Beauclerk his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 was made kynge / by cause Wyllyam Rome had no childe begote on his body. And this Henry Beauclerk was crow∣ned kyng at London the fourth daye af¦ter that his brother was decessyd / that is to saye / the fyfth daye of August. ¶And anone as Ancelmus that was Archbys¦shop of Caūterbury that was at y^• court of Rome herde tell that William Rous was deed / he came ayen in to England & the kynge Beauclerk welcomed hym with moche honour. And the fyrste yere the kynge Henry regned & was crow∣ned. He spowsed Maude that was Mar∣garetes doughter the quene of Scotlon∣de. And the Archebysshop Ancelmus of Caūterbury wedded them. And this kyn¦ge begate vpon his wyfe two sones & a doughter / that is to saye. Wyllyam and Richarde & Maude. And this Maude was afterwarde y^• Empresse of Almay∣ne. ¶And in the seconde yere of his reg¦ne / his brod{er} Robert Curthos / that was duke of Normandy came with an huge hoste in to Englond for to chalenge the londe. But thrugh counseyll of the wy∣se men of the londe / they were accorded in this manere. That the kynge sholde yeue his brother the duke a thousande pounde euery yere. And whiche of them that lyued lengest sholde be that others heyre / and so bytwene them sholde he no debate ne stryfe. ¶And then whan they were thus accorded / the duke wente ho∣me agayne in to Normandye. ¶And whan the kynge had regned foure yere. there arose a grete debate bytwene hym and the Archebysshop of Counterbury Ancelmus. For by cause that the Arche∣bysshopp wolde not graun••e to hym for to talenges of chirches at his wyll. And the reforde ef••ones the Archebysshope Ancelmus wente ouer the see vnto the courte of Rome & there he dwelled with the pope. And in the same yere the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Normandy came in to Englonde to speke w^t his 〈◊〉〈◊〉. ¶And 〈…〉〈…〉 other thynges the duke of Normandye.

••ory••••e vnto the kynge his brother the fousayd thousande poūde by yere that he sholde paye vnto the duke. And w^t good loue the kynge & the duke departed / & there y^• duke wente ayen in to Norman∣dy. ¶And whan tho two yere were ago∣ne / thrugh the entycement of the deuyll & of symple men / a grete debate arose bytwene the kynge & the duke / soo that thrugh coūseyll the kynge wente ouer y^• see in to Normandy / & whan the kynge of Englonde was come in to Norman∣dy / all the grete lordes of Normande tor¦ned vnto the kynge of Englonde & hel∣de ayenst y^• duke theyr owne lorde / & hȳ forsoke / & to the kynge them yelde / & all the good castelles & townes of Norman¦dy. And soone after was the duke taken & ladde with the kynge in to Englonde And the kyng lete put the duke in to pry¦son / & this was the vengeaunce of god / ¶ For whanne the duke was in the holy londe / god yaue hym suche myght & gra¦te / that he was chosen for to haue be kȳ¦ge of Iherusalem / and he forsoke is and wolde not take it vpon hym / and ther∣fore god sente hym that shame & despy¦te for to be putt in his brothers pryson / The seased kynge Henry all Norman∣dy in to his honde / & helde it all his lyfe tyme. ¶And in the same yere came the bysshop Ancelmus fro the courte of Ro¦me in to Englonde ayen. And the kyng & he were accorded. ¶And in the next yere comynge after / there began a grete debate bytwene the kynge Phylyppe of Fraunce & kynge Henry of Englonde / Wherfore kynge Henry wente in to Nor¦mandye / & there was stronge warre by∣twene them two. And tho deyed the kyn¦ge of Fraūce / & lowys his sone was ma¦de kynge anone after his deth. And th•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 kynge Henry ayen in to Englon∣de / & maryed Maude his doughter vnto Henry the Emperour of Almayne.

¶Of the debate that was betwixt kyn¦ge Lowys of Fraūce & kynge Henry of Englonde / & how kynge Henryes two sones were loste in the hyght see.

AS kynge Henry had{is} be kynge xvij. yere / a grete debate arose be¦twixt kynge Lowys of fraūce & kynge Henry of Englonde / for by cause that y^• kynge had sente in to Normandy to his men / that they sholde be helpynge vnto therle of Bloys asmoche as they might in wane ayenst the kynge of fraunc•• And that they sholde be as 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to hym as they were to theyr owne lorde for by cause that therle had spowsed his 〈…〉〈…〉 Maude. And for this cause y^• ken¦ge of Fraūce dyde moche sorowe to Nor¦mandy. Wherfore the kynge of Englon¦de was wonder wroth & in haste wente ouer the see with a grete power & same in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Normandy. for to defende that 〈◊〉〈◊〉. And the warre bytwene them lasted two yere / tyll at the last they two 〈◊〉〈◊〉 togyder. And the kynge of fraūce was dyscomfyted / & vnnethes escaped aware with moche payne / & the moost part••••e of his men were taken. And the kynge dyde with theym what hym best lyked And some of them he lete go freely and some he lete be put vnto the deth. But afterwarde those two kyng{is} were 〈◊〉〈◊〉. And whan kynge Henry had hooly all the londe of Normandye / & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his enmyes of Fraunce he torned a∣gayne in to Englonde with moche ho∣nour. And his two sones William & Ry¦charde wolde haue come after the fader & went to the see with a grete company of people. But are that they myght co∣me to londe / the shyppe came ayenst a roche & all were drowned that were the∣re in / saue ••o man that was in the same shyppe that escaped. And this was vpon saynt Katheryns daye / & these were the names of them that were drowned. Wil¦lyam and Rycharde the kynges son•• / a the erle of Chestre Octonell his brother

Geffroy Rydell. Walter 〈◊〉〈◊〉. Go∣defray Archedeken / the kynges dough∣ter / the countesse of Perches / the kynges¦nece the countesse of Chestre / & many o∣ther. ¶Whan kynge Henry & other lor∣des arryued in Englonde / & herde these tydynges / they made sorowe ynough / And all theyr myrth & Ioye was torned in to mornynge & sorowe.

¶How Maude y^• Empresse came ayen in Englonde / & how she was afterward wedded to Geffroy therle of Angoy.

ANd whan that two yere were a∣gone that the Erle had dwelled with the kynge / the erle wente from the kyng / & began to warre vpon hym & dy¦de moche harme in y^• londe of Norman¦dy / & toke there a stronge castell & there he dwelled all that yere. And tho came to hym tydynges that Henry the Empe¦rom of Almayne y^• had spowsed Mau∣de his doughter was deed / and that she dwelled noo lenger in Almayne / & that she wolde come ayen in to Normandy to her fader. And whan that she was come vnto hym / he toke her tho to hym & ca∣me ayen in to Englonde / & made the Englysshmen to do othe & fraute to the Empresse. And the fyrst man that made the othe / was William y^• Archebysshop of Caūterbury. And that other Dauyd kyng of Scotlonde / & after hym all the barons & erles of Englonde. ¶Also af∣ter that the noble man therle of Angoy that was a worthy knyght / sente vnto the kynge of Englonde / that he wolde graūte hym for to haue his doughter to spowse / that is to saye Maude the Em∣presse. And for by cause that her fader wyst that he was a noble man / the kyn∣ge hym graūted & consented therto. And tho toke he his doughter & ladde her in to Normandy / & came to y^• noble knygh¦te Geffroy / and there he spowsed the forsayd Maude with moche honour / & the Erle begate vppon her a sone / that was called Henry the Empresse sone / ¶ And after whan all this was done / kyng Henry dwelled all that yere in Nor¦mandy. And after that longe tyme a greuous sykenesse toke hym / where tho∣rugh he deyed. And this kynge Henry regned .xxxv. yere & foure monthes. And after he deyed as is before sayd in Nor∣mandy. And his herte was enteryd in y^• grete chirche of our lady in Rouen. And his body was brought w^t moche honour in to Englonde / & enteryd at Redynge in the abbaye / of the whiche abbaye he was begynner & founder.

HEnricus the fourth was Empe∣rour in Almayn after Harry the thyrde .xv. yere. This man put his owne fader in pryson / & there helde hym tyll he deyed. And t••ke pope Paschall with his Cardynalles / & presente them / as if is sayd afore. For the whiche cause as it is supposed / he lacked yssue. For he wed∣ded the kynges doughter of Englonde Maude. But afterward he came to gra¦ce / and all the lawes of the chirche free∣ly he resyned to Calixtus the pope. And besought hym to yeue hym in penounce that he sholde neuer come ayen to his Empyre / that he myght haue remyssy∣on of his trespass. And after the oppy∣nyon of many a man / he was wylfully exyled & deyed and his wyf both at Che∣stre in Englonde. ¶Gelasius was po∣pe after Paschall two yere. And 〈◊〉〈◊〉 from Henry the Emperour in to Bour∣goyne and there decessyd. This Empe∣rour chose Benedictus a Spanyarde to be pope / the whiche storme with Calixt{us}. ¶Calixtus was pope after hym two ye¦re & fyne monthes. This Calixtus was the sone of the duke of Bourgoyne and was chosen in the place of Gelasius / And whan he sholde come to Rome / he toke the forsayd Benedictus / and made hym to ryde afore hym shamefully. For

〈…〉〈…〉

¶Anno dm̄ .M.C.xxxiij.

Innocencius was pope after Ho∣norius .xiiij. yere and .vij. monthes This man was a very deuoute man / & with suche men he accompanyed hym / And he had stryf ayenst Peyrs of Lyon the whiche named hym Anocletus. And by strength he tooke the popchede. The whiche Innocencius sawe & with two Galeys he fledde in to Fraunce & was worshyfully receyued of saynt Ben••••••¦de / the whiche that tyme had all the kyn¦ges & prynces in his honde. And he pro∣uoked them for to ••rynge this pope In¦nocencius in to his dygnyte ayen. And att the laste all thynge was sessyd / & his enmyes were destroyed thrugh the Iuge∣ment of god. And he was pope ayen & lyued prouffytably and was buryed art Latranence.

¶How Stephen that was kynge Hen∣ryes systers sone / was made kynge of Englonde.

AFter this kynge Henry that was the fyrste / was made kynge his neuewes syster sone. Stephen erle of Bo¦loyne. For anone as he herde the tydyn¦ges of his vncles deth thenne he passed the see & came in to Englonde thorugh coūseyll & strength of many grete lordes in Englonde / ayenst the othe that they had made to Maude the Empresse toke the reame / & lete crowne Stephen kyng of the londe. ¶And the Archebysshopp Wyllyam of Caūterbury that fyrst ma¦de the othe of feaute to Maude the Em¦presse / sette the crowne vpon Stephens herd & hym anoynted. And bysshop Ro∣ger of Salysbury mayntened the kyng{us} parte in as moche as he myght. ¶The fyrst yere y^• kyng Stephen began to reg¦ne / he assembled a greate hoste & wente towarde Scotlonde for to haue ••arred vpon the kynge of Scotlonde. But he

came ayenst hym in yeas & in good ma¦nere / & to hȳ trustes. But he made to hȳ noue homage / for as moche as he had{is} made vnto thempresse Maude. ¶And in y^• fourth yere of his regne Maude the Empresse came in to Englonde. And tho began debate bytwene kynge Ste∣phen & Maude thempresse. This Man¦de went vnto y^• cyte of Nicholl / & the kȳ¦ge her besyged longe tyme & myght not spede / so well the cyte was kept & defen¦ded. And tho y^• were w^tin the cyte / mer∣uaylously scaped awaye w^tout ony ma∣ner of harme. And tho toke y^• kyng the cyte / & dwelled therin tyll Candelmasse And tho came the barons y^• helde with Empresse. That is for to saye / the erle Radulphe of Chestre / the erle Robert of Glocestre. Hugh Bygot. Robert of Mor ley / & these brought with them a stronge power & faught w^t the kynge / & yaue hȳ a grete bataylle. In the whiche bataylle kyng Stephen was taken / and sette in pryson in the castell of Brystowe.

¶How Maude the Empresse went fro Wynchestre to Orenforde / & after she escaped to Walynforde / & of the sorowe & dysease that she had.

NOw as the kynge was taken & brought in to warde in the castel of Brystowe this Maude the Empresse was made lady of all Englonde / & all men helde her for lady of the londe. But those of kent helde w^t kynge Stephens wyf / & also Wyllyam of Pree & his re∣tenewe halpe them & helde warte ayenst Maude thempresse. And anone after y^• kynge of Scotlonde came to them w^t a huge nombre of people. And tho wente they togyder to Wynchestre / there y^• the Empresse was / & wolde haue taken her But the erle of Glocestre came w^t his power & fought with them. And the Em¦presse in the meane whyle that the ba∣tayll 〈◊〉〈◊〉 scaped from them & wente 〈…〉〈…〉 pryson. And whan he was 〈…〉〈…〉 of pryson / he went 〈◊〉〈◊〉 vnto Oxenfor¦de & besyeged thempresse y^• was tho at Oxenforde. And the seyge endured fro Myghelmasse vnto sayne Andrewes ty∣de. ¶And the Empresse lete clothe her tho all in whyte lȳnen clothe / for byc••n¦se she wolde not be knowen. For in the same tyme there was moche snowe / & she escaped by the Tample from them awaye that were her enmyes. And from thens she went to Walyngforde & there helde her. And the kyng wolde haue be∣syeged her / but he had so moche to do w^t the erle Radulphe of Chestre & w^t Hugh Bygot that strongely warred vpon hȳ in euery place / that he not wyst whether for to torne. And the erle of Glocestre halpe hym with his power.

¶How Gaufride the erle of Angoy ya¦ue vnto Henry the Empressse some alle Normandye.

ANd after this the kynge wente vnto Wyston / & wolde haue ma¦de a castell there. But tho came to hym the erle of Glocestre w^t a stronge power & there almoost he had taken the kynge but yet the kynge escaped w^t moche pay¦ne. And William Martell there was to∣ken. And for whoos delyueraūce they ya¦ue vnto the erle of Glocestre y^• good ca∣stell of Shyrbom y^• he had taken. ¶And whan this was done / the erle Robert & all the kynges enmyes wente vnto F••∣ryngdon / & began there for to make a stronge castell / but the kynge came thy•• w^t a stronge power & droue hym thou / And in that same yere / the erle ••••••dulphe of Chestre was accorded 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y^• the kynge and came to his court at his

〈◊〉〈◊〉. And the erle 〈…〉〈…〉 to come. And the kynge anone lete take hym / & put hym in to pryson. And myght neuer for noo thynge come out tyll y^• he had yelded vp to the kyng the castell of Nicholl / the whiche he had taken from the kynge with his strength in the .xv. yere of his regne. ¶And Gau¦fride y^• erle of Angoy yaue vp vnto Hen¦ry his sone all Normandye. And in the yere that nexte ••••sewed / deyed the erle Gaufride. And Henry his sone do ano∣ne tamen ayen to Angoy / & there was made erle moche honour of all his men of the londe. And to hym dyde feau¦te & homage the moost party of the lon¦de. And tho was this Henry y^• Empresse sone erle of Angoy / & also duke of Nor∣mandy. ¶In the same yere was made a dynorce bytwene the kynge of Fraun∣ce / & the quene his wyfe that was ryght heyre of Gascoyne. For by cause that it was knowen and proued / that they were sybbe & nyghe of blood. And tho spow∣sed her Henry the Empresse sone erle of Angoy & the duke of Normandy / & du∣ke of Gascoyne. ¶In the .xvij. yere of this Stephen this Henry came in to En¦glonde with a stronge power / & began for to warre vpon this kynge Stephen. & toke the castell of Malmesbury / & dy∣de moche harme. And y^• kyng Stephen had{is} soe moche wente / that he wyste not whether for to go. But at the laste they were accorded thrugh the Archebysshop Theobaldus; / & thrugh other worthy lor¦des of Englonde / vpon this condycyon. that they sholde departe the Realme of Englonde bytwene theym two / soo that Henry the Empresse sone sholde hooly haue the half of all the londe of Eng∣londe. And thus they were accorded and pe••s was cryed thrughout all Englond ¶And whan the accorde was made by∣twene the two lordes / kynge Stephen became so sory / for by cause that he had{is} 〈◊〉〈◊〉 half Englonde / and felle in to su∣che a malady / and deyed in the .xix. yere and .••iij. wekes and .v. dayes of his reg∣ne / all in warre and in contake. And he lyeth in the abbaye of Feuersham / the whiche he lete make in the .xvi. yere of his regne.

CElestunus the seconde was pope after Innocencu••s .v. monethes. And lytell he dyde. ¶Lucius was after hym and lytell proffyted / for they deyed both in a pestylence. ¶Eugen••us the se∣conde was pope after hym .v. yere and foure monethes. This man fyrste was the dyscyple of saynt Bernarde & after the abbot of saynt Anastalius by Rome And came to the chirche of saynt Ce••a∣ry / and was chosen pope by the Card∣nalles / he no thynge knowynge ther•••• And for drede of the Senatours he was consecrated without the cyte this ma•••• was an holy nan & suffred t••ybula••yon And at the laste he decessyd / and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 at saynt Peters. And after anone de••••syd saynt Bernarde. ¶Petrus 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the bysshopp of Parys b••••ther to Granam / compyled the some bokes of the Sentence this tyme. ¶Petrus ••••mestor brother to Gracian & to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Lombardus made Hystonam 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / and other bokes. ¶Freder••••us p••∣mus after Contradus was Emprerour in Almayne & in Rome .xxxij. yere. This man after the deth of Adryan the pope the whiche crowned hym dyde on sydly with Alexander to hym grete pr••edyce For he dyde helpe foure that stoute a∣yenst the appostles sete. And he faught myghtely ayenst the kynge of Fraunce. thrugh power of the Danys & other na¦cyons. But Richarde the kynge of En∣glonde halpe for to expulse hym. And he destroyed medyolanum to the grounde / Of the whiche cyte / the walles were by∣gher than the walles of ony other cyte / This man at the last after that he had done many vexacyons to the pope / he

〈…〉〈…〉 the holy londe / and dyde many meruayl lo••s thynges th••••r / almoost as moche as euer dyde ••arolus magnus. And there he came by a towne that men calle Ar∣meniam & in a lytell water he was drow¦ned / & at Ty•••• he was buryed. ¶Ana∣slasius was p••pe after Eugenius foure yere and more. Thi••••an was abbot of Rufy / and thenne he was chose Cardy∣nall / & after pope.

¶Of kyng Henry the seconde that was the Empresse sone / in whose tyme saynt Thomas of Caunterbury was Chaun∣celler.

ANd after this kynge Stephen regned Henry the Empresse so∣ne / & was crowned of the Archebysshop The••baldus the .xvij. daye before Cryst masse. And in the same yere Thomas Be•••••• of London Archebysshop of Caū¦terbury was made the kyng{is} Chaūceler of Englonde. ¶The seconde yere that he was crowned / he lete caste downe all the newe castels that were longynge to the crowne / the whiche kynge Stephen had ••eue vnto dyuerse men / & them had made erles & barons / for to holde with hym & to helpe hym ayenst Henry them presse sone. ¶And the fourth yere of his regne he put under his owne lordshypp the kyng of Walys. And in the same ye 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the kyng of Scotlonde had in his ow¦ne 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / that is to saye / the cyte of Kar¦kyll / the castell of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 castell vpon Tyne / & the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉〈◊〉. ¶The same yere the kynge 〈◊〉〈◊〉 grete power 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in to Waly•• / & 〈…〉〈…〉 in the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 yere 〈…〉〈…〉 lorde. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y^• 〈…〉〈…〉 made 〈…〉〈…〉 in that yere he 〈…〉〈…〉 the .vi. yere of his reg•••• / he 〈…〉〈…〉 hoste to Tolouse & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 it. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y^• vij. yere of his regne dey•••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & the almoost all the cy••e of 〈…〉〈…〉 rugh myschyef was 〈◊〉〈◊〉. The .ix. yere of his regne Thomas 〈…〉〈…〉 his Chaūceller was chosen 〈…〉〈…〉 of Caunterbury. And vpon saynt Ber∣nardes daye he was sacred. And in that yere was borne the kyng{is} d••ught•••• Ele nore. ¶And in the .x. yere of his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 saynt Edwarde the kynge was transla∣ted with moche hono••r. ¶And the .xi. ye te of his regne / he helde his parlyament at Northampton / & fro thens 〈…〉〈…〉 Thomas Archebysshop of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for y^• grete debate that was betwixt the kynge & hym. For yf he had be founde on the morowe he had be slaybe / & ther¦fore he ••led•• thens with thre felowes on foot oonly / that no man wyste where he was / & wente ouer the ser to the pope of Rome. And this was the pryncypall cau¦se. For asmoche as the kynge 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ha∣ue put clerkes to de••h that were 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of felonye / without ony 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of ho∣ly chirche. ¶And the .xij. yere of his reg¦ne was Iohn his so••e ••ome. ¶And the .xii••j. yere of his regne deyed 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Empresse that was his m••der. ¶The .xiiij. yere of his regne y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 spowsed Ma••de his daughter. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he begate vpon her 〈…〉〈…〉 led 〈…〉〈…〉. ¶And in the .xv. yere of his regne 〈…〉〈…〉 of 〈…〉〈…〉 in the same yere 〈…〉〈…〉. ¶And the xvi. yere of his 〈…〉〈…〉

and ••••ge Archebyshopp 〈…〉〈…〉 of Yorke / in 〈…〉〈…〉 of Thomas Archebyshop of 〈◊〉〈◊〉. Wherfore this same Ro∣••es was accursyd of the pope.

¶How kynge Henry that was sone of kyng Henry the Empresse sone / •• of the debate that was bytwene hȳ & his fader whyle that he was in Normandye.

AFter the coronacyon of kynge Henry the sone of kynge Henry the Empresse sone. That same Henry thempresse sone wente ouer to Normady & there he lete marye Elenore his dough¦ter of the Dolphyn that was kynge of Al••ayne. And in the .vij. yere that y^• Ar¦chebysshop saynt Thomas had ben out lawed / the kynge of Fraunce made the kynge & saynt Thomas accorded. And then̄e came Thomas the Archebysshop to Caūterbury ayen to his owne chirche And this accorde was made in y^• begyn¦nynge of Aduente / & afterwarde he was slayne & martred y^e fyfth daye of Cryst∣masse chenne folowynge. ¶For kynge Henry thought vpon saynt Thomas y^• Archebysshop vpon Crystmasse daye as he sate at his mete / & these wordes sayd That yf he had ony good kynghtes w^t hym / he had be many a day passed auen¦ged vpon the Archebysshop Thomas / ¶And anone syr Willyam Breton / syr Hugh Moruile / syr Willyam Tracy / & syr Reygnolde Fitz vise / beers sone in Englysshe / pryuely wente vnto the see / & came in to Englonde vnto the chirche of Caūterbury / & there they hym mar∣•••••• 〈…〉〈…〉 in y^• moder 〈◊〉〈◊〉. ¶And that was in the yere of the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Cryst .M.C.lxxi••. yere. ¶And anone after Henry the new kyng began for to make 〈◊〉〈◊〉 vp on Henry his fader & vpon his 〈…〉〈…〉. ¶And so vppon a daye the kynge of Fra••••er & all the kyn¦ges 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & the kynge of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & all the grettest lordes of Englonde were rysen ayenst kyng Henry the fader. And at the last as god wolde he conquered al his enmyes. And the kynge of Fraūce & he were accorded. ¶And tho sente kyng Henry specyally vnto the kyng of Fraū¦ce te / & prayed hym herely for his loue that he wolde sende to hym the names by let¦ters of them that were the begynners of that warre ayenst hym. And the kyng of Fraunce sente ayen to hym by letters the names of them that began the war¦re ayenst hym. The fyrst was Iohn his sone / & Rycharde his brotheer & Henry the newe kynge his sone. Th•• was Hen¦ry the kyng wonder wroth / & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the tyme that euer he hym begate & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the warre dured. Henry his sone 〈◊〉〈◊〉 we kyng deyed sore repentynge his ••••••dedes & moost sorowe made of ony man for by cause of saynt Thomas dethe of Caūterbury. And prayed his fader was moche sorowe of herte mercy for his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 paas. And his fader fo••gaaf hym and had of hym grete pyte. And after he d••∣ed the .xxxvi. yere of his regne 〈…〉〈…〉 Redynge.

¶How the crysten men lost all the holy londe in the forsayd kynges tyme ••e a fals Crysten man y^• became a 〈◊〉〈◊〉.

ANd whyle this kyng regned the greate bataylle was in the holy londe bytwene the Crysten men and the Sacrasyns but Crysten men were there slayne thorugh grete ••reason of the erle Ty••pe / that wolde haue had to wyf the quene of Ierusalem that somtyme was Baldewynes wyf but ••••e forsoke hym and toke to her lorde a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 a worthy man that was called 〈…〉〈…〉 Wherfore the erle Ty••pe was wroth & wente anone ryght to the Soudan that was Soudan of Babylon / and became his man and forsoke his crystendome / and all crysten lawe. And y^• crysten men

〈…〉〈…〉 of his 〈…〉〈…〉 forsoke his owne nacyon. And for were the crysten men there slayne with y^• Sar¦rasyus. ¶And thus were y^• crysten men slayne & put to horryble deth / and the cy¦te of Ierusalem destroyed / and the holy crosse borne awaye. ¶The kynge of Fraunce and all the grete lordes of the londe lete them be crossyd for to go in to the holy londe. And amonges them wen Rycharde kynge Henryes sone fyrst af∣ter the kynge of Fraunce / that toke the crosse of the Archebysshop of Toures / But he toke not the vyage at that tyme for cause that he was lette by other ma∣ner wayes / and nedes to be done. ¶And whan kynge Henry his fader had{is} reg∣ned .xxxvi. yere and .v. monethes & four∣re dayes / he deyed and lyeth at founte∣ue••ad.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.C.lvi.

ADuan{us} the fourth was pope af¦ter Anastasius .v. yere. This po∣pe was an Englysshe man / & the voys of the comyn people sayth he was a boū¦de man to the abbot of saynt Albon in Englonde. And whan he desyred to be made a monke there he was expulsyd / & he wente ouer see & gaue hym to studye & to vertue And after was made bysshop of Albanacens / then he was made Lega¦te in to y^• londe of Wo••••acian / & he cō∣uerted it to the fayth. Then he was ma¦de pope / & for the woūdynge of a Cardy¦nall he 〈◊〉〈◊〉 all the cyte of R••me 〈…〉〈…〉 William the kyng of C••••yle•• and caused hym to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hym. This man the fyrst of all the popes of his 〈…〉〈…〉. dwelle•• in the olde cy∣te. ¶Alexander the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 was pope 〈…〉〈…〉 hym .xij. yere. This Alexander had{is} 〈…〉〈…〉 / & the kynge of Si••culo••. And this man 〈◊〉〈◊〉 saynt Thomas of Caunterbury in his exyle.

¶Nota. ¶Saynt Bernarde was canonysed by this Alexander / & his ab∣bot forh••de hym he sholde do no myra∣cles / for there was soo myghty concours of people. And he obeyed to hym whan he was deed & dyde no 〈◊〉〈◊〉. ¶Lucius the thyrde was pope after Alexand. .iiij. yere & two monethes. Of hym lytell 〈◊〉〈◊〉 wryten. In his dayes decessyd Henry the fyrste sone no Henry the seconde / & this is his Epytaphy. Omnis honoris ho¦nor. decor et decus vibis et orbis. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 splendor gloria sumen apex. Iulius inge¦nio vtutibus hector. Achillis viribus. au¦gustus mo••bus. ore paris. ¶Vehanus the thyrde was pope after Lucius two yere / this man decessyd for sorowe whan he herde tell that Ierusalem was taken with the Sarrasyns. ¶Gregorius the viij. was pope after hym foure monethes And he practysed myghtely how Ierusa¦lem myght be wonne ayen / but anone he decessyd. ¶Clemens the thyrde was pope after hym thre yere / and lytell he dyde.

¶Of kynge Rycharde that conquered ayen all the holy londe / that the crysten men had loste.

ANd after this kynge Henry reg∣ned Rycharde his sone a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 man and a str••nge & a worthy / and al∣so holde. And he was 〈…〉〈…〉 of the 〈…〉〈…〉 the thyrde daye of 〈…〉〈…〉. ¶And in the seconde yere of his 〈…〉〈…〉 Rycharde hymself and Baldewy••e the Archebysshop of Caunterbury / and 〈◊〉〈◊〉

bysshop of Salysbury / and Radulf 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Glocetre / and other many lordes of Englonde / went in to the holy londe And in that vyage deyed the Archebys∣shop of Caunterbury. And kynge Ry∣charde wente before in to the holy londe and rested not tyll that he came forth in his waye vnto Cypres / and toke it with grete force. And after that kyng Richar¦de went forth towarde the holy londe / & gate there as moche as the crysten men had there before lost. And conquered the londe ayen thorugh grete myghte / sauf oonly the holy crosse. And whan kynge Rycharde came to the cyte of Acres for to gete the cyte / there arose a grete deba¦te bytwene hym & the kynge of Fraūce / so that the kynge of Fraūce wente ayen in to Fraunce / and was wrothe towarde the kynge Rycharde. But yet for alle that / are kynge Rycharde wente ayen / he toke the cyte of Acres. And whan he had take it / he dwelled in the cyte a why¦le. But to hym came tydynges / that the erle Iohn of Oxerforde his brother wol¦de haue seased alle Englonde in to his honde / and Normandy also / and wolde lete crowne hym kynge of all the londe. ¶And whan kyng Rycharde herde tell of these tydynges he wente ayen towar¦de Englonde with all the spede that he myght. But the duke of Oshyche mette with hym / and toke hym and broughte hym vnto the Emperour of Almayner And the Emperour hym broughte vnto pryson. And afterwarde he was delyue∣red for an huge raunson / that is for to saye / an honored thousande poūde. And for the whiche raūson to be payed / eche other chalyce of Englonde was molten & made in to moneye. And all the mon∣k•••• of the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of 〈…〉〈…〉 alle 〈…〉〈…〉.

¶How kynge Rycharde came agayne from the holy londe and auenged hym of his enmyes

SO as this kynge Rycharde was in pryson the 〈…〉〈…〉 warred vpon hym 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in Norman¦dy / & Iohn his 〈…〉〈…〉 in Englonde. But the 〈…〉〈…〉 ••ons of Englonde 〈…〉〈…〉 all theyr power that 〈…〉〈…〉 toke the castell of 〈…〉〈…〉 stelles. And the forsa••d 〈…〉〈…〉 he had no myght ne 〈…〉〈…〉 ••ons of Englonde 〈…〉〈…〉 none went hȳ oue•• the 〈…〉〈…〉 of Fraunce. ¶And 〈…〉〈…〉 came out of person and 〈…〉〈…〉 and came in to 〈…〉〈…〉 Candelmast••in grete 〈…〉〈…〉 to Notyngham 〈…〉〈…〉 to 〈…〉〈…〉 comfyted he his brother 〈…〉〈…〉 that with hym helde 〈…〉〈…〉 vnto the ryte of 〈…〉〈…〉 he lete hym crowne 〈…〉〈…〉 And after he wente vnto 〈…〉〈…〉 to warre vpon the byng of 〈…〉〈…〉 the kynge of fraunce 〈…〉〈…〉 died knyght{is} towarde 〈…〉〈…〉 Rycharde mette 〈…〉〈…〉 haue reue hym batayll. But the 〈…〉〈…〉 of Fraunce fledde t••o and an hund••••d knyghtes of his were taken 〈…〉〈…〉 died stedes that were crapped 〈…〉〈…〉 ¶And anone after 〈…〉〈…〉 for to be••y••ge the castall 〈…〉〈…〉 And as he tode vppon a dare 〈…〉〈…〉 for to take 〈…〉〈…〉 vpon hym / that he 〈◊〉〈◊〉 that he 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for noo manne of thynge /

¶He 〈…〉〈…〉 sharpely all his men for to assaylle the castell. See that the castell was taken or he deyed. And so manly his men dyde that all the peo¦ple that were in the castell were taken / and the kynge dyde with them what he wolde. And commaunded his men that they sholde brynge before hym the man that hym s•••• hurte & so wounded. And whan he came before the kyng / the kyn¦ge axed hym what was his name. And he sayd my name is Bertram Gurdon Wherfore sayd the kynge hast thou me slayne / syth I dyde the neuer none har∣me. Syre sayd he. Though ye dyde me neuer none harme / ye your self w^t your owne honde slewe my fader & my brod{er}. and therfore I haue quyte now your tra¦uaylle. Tho sayd kynge Rycharde. He y^• deyed vpon the crosse / to brynge man∣nes soule fro payne of helle / foryeue the my deth / & I also foryeue it the. Tho cō¦maunded he that noo man sholde hym mysdo. But for all the kyng{is} defendyn∣ge some of the kyng{is} men hym folowed & pryuely hym slewe. And the .vi•• daye after the kynge dyde shryue hym / & sore repentaunce hauynge of his mysdedes / and was houseled and enoynted. ¶And this kynge regned but .ix. yere and .xxx. wekes / & deyed & lyeth besyde his fader at Fontenerad.

HEnricus the fyfthe was Empe∣rour .viij. yere. This Henric{us} was sone to Frederyk / & he wedded Constan¦ce the kyng{is} doughter of Cecyle / & tho∣rugh the occasyon of her / he subdued all the kyngdom of Apulye / & he droue all the people out y^• enhabyte y^• londe. ¶Ce¦lestinus the thyrde was pope after Cle∣mens almoost thre yere. This man was crowned vpon Eisterdaye / & the daye so lowynge he crowned Henry the Emperour. And he made a ••alays at saynt Pe¦ters / & decesyd. ¶〈◊〉〈◊〉 the thyr¦de was pope after hym .viij. yere and .v. monethes. This man was well 〈◊〉〈◊〉. And he made a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of y^• 〈…〉〈…〉 of 〈…〉〈…〉 Apeculū 〈…〉〈…〉 This man 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y^• 〈…〉〈…〉 Ioachim / y^• whiche he made 〈…〉〈…〉 ster Pey•••• Lombarde / the maker of the Sentence. This tyme decessyd the Em∣perour Henry. And y^• prynces of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 dyscorded / for s••me chose Otto / and some chose Phylyppe brother to Henry. Thenne Phylyppe was falsely slayne / & Otto was crowned of Innocenci{us} in Fraūce / the whiche anone faught with the Romayns / for they y••ue hym no de∣we honour. And for that cause / ayenst the popes wyll he toke the kyngdom of Apulye from Frederyk / wherfore the po¦pe cursyd hym. Thenne after the fourth yere of his regne / the prynces of Almay¦ne made Frederyk Emperour / and vyc∣toryously he subdued Otto. ¶Wyllyam of Parys this tyme began the ordre of the freres Austyn / the whiche ben called (fratres mendicantes) ¶Franciscus an Ytalyon a man of grete perfeccyon and an ensāmple to many a man / dyde ma∣ny a myracle this tyme. And he ordey∣ned the frere Minores. ¶And the .vi. ye∣re of pope Innocenci{us} the thyrde / the or∣dre of the frere Prechers beganne vnder Domynyk / but it myght not be confer∣med tyll the fyrst yere of Honorius.

¶Of kynge Iohn / that in the fyrst ye∣re of his regne lost all Normandye.

AS kynge Rycharde was deed / by cause that he had{is} none hey∣re / nother sone / ne doughter / thenne his brother Iohan was made kynge / and crowned at Westmester of Hubert that tho was Archebysshop of Counterbury. And whan he began for so regne / he be∣came so meruayllous a man / and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ouer in to Normandye / & warred vpon the the kyng of Fraunce. And so longe they

〈◊〉〈◊〉 togyder / tyll at the laste kynge Iohn lost all Normandy & Angoy / wher fast he was sore anoyed / and it was no meruaylle. ¶Tho lete he assemble befo¦re hym at London Archebysshops / bys∣shops / abbots & pryours / erles & barons & helde there a grete parlyament / and axed there of the Clergye / the tenthe of euery chirche of Englonde / for to con∣quere & gete ayen Normandy & Angoy that he had lost. They wolde not graile that thynge / wherfore he was wonder wrothe. ¶And in that same tyme deyed Hubert. The pryour and the couent of Caūterbury ••hose ayenst the kyng•• wyll to be Archebysshop Stephen of Lang∣ton a good clerke / that dwelled att the courte of Rome / & sent to the pope theyr eleccyon / & the pope confermed it and sacred hym at Viterbi. ¶Whan the kyn¦ge wyst these tydynges / he was wonder wroth / & droue the pryour & the couente fro Caūterbury / & exyled out of Englon¦de / & cōmaūded that no letter that come fro Rome / ne cōmaūdement / sholde be receyued ne pletyd in Englonde. Whan these tydynges came to the pope / he sen¦te kynge Iohn his letter / & prayed hym W^t good wyll & good herte / that he wol∣de receyue Stephen y^• Archebysshopp of caūterbury to his chirche / & suffre the pryoour and his monkes to come ayen to theyr owne dwellyngs. But the kynge wolde no•• graūte it for no thynge.

¶How kynge Iohn wolde noo thynge do for the popes cōmaūdement. Wherfo¦re alle Englonde was enterdyted & sus∣pended.

ANd at the last the pope sente by his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & enioyned to the bysshops of Englonde / that yf the kyn∣ge wolde not receyue the pryour of Coū¦terbury & his monkes / they sholde do generall enterdytynge thrugh out all Englonde. And full power to foure bysshops to pronounce the enterdy¦tynge / yf he if warned. The fyrste was bysshop Wyllyam of London & that o∣ther bysshop Eustace of 〈…〉〈…〉 was bysshop Walter of Wynche•••••• / & the fourth was bysshop 〈…〉〈…〉 forde. ¶And these 〈…〉〈…〉 the kyng knelynge 〈…〉〈…〉 sore wepynge that he 〈…〉〈…〉 cōmaūdement. And 〈…〉〈…〉 popes Bulles of the 〈…〉〈…〉 for noo prayer 〈…〉〈…〉 he wolde not consent 〈…〉〈…〉 the bysshops 〈…〉〈…〉 the kynge. And in the 〈…〉〈…〉 Annunciacion of 〈…〉〈…〉 the generall 〈…〉〈…〉 all Englonde so that 〈…〉〈…〉 were thytte with 〈…〉〈…〉 & with walles. And whan 〈…〉〈…〉 dytynge was prono••••••d 〈…〉〈…〉 began for to were al out of 〈…〉〈…〉 anone toke in to his bonde all the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 syons of the foure bysshops 〈…〉〈…〉 clergye thrughout all Englond 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he toke / & ordeyned men for 〈…〉〈…〉 it that the clerk{is} myght not haue 〈◊〉〈◊〉 lyuynge. Wherfore the bysshops 〈◊〉〈◊〉 all them that put or sholde medle 〈◊〉〈◊〉 holy chirche goodes / ayenst the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 theym that ought theym. ¶And 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the kynge wolde not of his maly•••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for no maner thynge. These foure bys¦shops afore sayd wente ouer the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and came to the bysshop of Caunterbury & tolde hym all th••••thyng••. And they Ar∣chebysshop to them sayd that they shulde go ayen to Caunterbury and he shol¦de come thyder to theym or elles be wol¦de sende vnto theym certayne parlours in his stede that sholde do as moche as of he hymself were there. And whan the bysshops herde this they 〈◊〉〈◊〉 agayne in to Englonde / and came vnto Caunterbury. The tydynges ••ame to the kyn¦ge / that the bysshops were come agayne to Caunterbury•• & hymselfe myght not

come thyder that tyme / he sente thyder bysshops ertes & abb••ts / for to treate w^t them / that the kyng sholde receyue ch••r∣chebysshop Stephen / & the pryour & all the monkes of Caūterbury / that he shol¦de neuer after y^• tyme no thynge take of holy chirche ayenst y^• wyll of them that oweth the goodes. And y^• the kynge shol¦de make full amendes to them / of who∣me he had ony goodes taken. And y^• ho∣ly chirche sholde haue all fraūchyse / as ferforth as they had in saynt Edward{is} tyme the holy Confessour.

¶How Stephen of Langton came ayen in to Englonde thrugh the popes com∣maūdement / & how he wente ayen.

SO whan the fourme of accorde∣ment thus was ordeyned. It was in a payre of endentures / and they put theyr seales to y^• one parte / & they that came in the kynges name put theyr sea¦les to that other parte of the endentures And foure bysshops about sayd toke y^• o∣ne parte of the endentures to them. And that other parte of the endentures / they bare with theym to shewe to the kynge / ¶Whan the kynge sawe the fourme & vnderstode he helde hȳ full well apayed of all maner thynges as they had ordey¦ned / sauynge as touchynge / restytucyon of the goodes for to make ayen. To that thynge he wolde not accorde / & so he sente ayen to the foure bysshops / that they sholde do out & put awaye that 〈◊〉〈◊〉 poynt of restytucyon. But they answe∣red / that they wolde not doo one worde out. ¶Tho sente the kynge to the Ar∣chebysshop by the foure bysshops that he sholde come to Caunterbury for to spe∣ke with hym there / and sente vnto hym 〈◊〉〈◊〉 vnder pledges. That is to sayet / his 〈…〉〈…〉 at his owne wyll And thus in this maner tharchebysshop Stephen came to Coūterbury. Whan y^• Archebysshop was come / the kyng came to Ch••haz. For he wolde no nyghe Caū¦terbury at that tyme. But he sent by his Tresorer bysshop of Wyncestre y^• he shol¦de do out of the endentures y^• clause of / restytucyon / for to make of the goodes / ¶And tharchebysshop made his othe y^• he wolde not neuer do out ••o worde ther∣of / ne yet it chaūge of that the bysshops had spoken & ordeyned. And tho the chebysshop yede ayen to R••me without ony more doynge. ¶Kynge Iohn was tho wrother than euer he was before / & lete make a comyn crye thorugh out all Englonde / that all tho y^• had holy chir¦che rentes / & went ouer the see / that they sholde come ayen in to Englonde at a certayne daye / or elles they sholde lese theyr rentes for euer more. And that he cōmaunded to euery Shyref thrugh out all Englonde / that they sholde enquyre yf ony bysshop / abbot or pryour / or ony other Prelate of holy chirche / fro that daye afterwarde / receyue ony cōmaūde∣ment y^• cometh fro the pope. That they sholde take the body / & brynge it before hym / and that they sholde take in to the kynges hondes all theyr londes of holy chirche / that were yeue to ony man / by y^• Archebysshop or by the pryour of Caun¦terbury / from the tyme of the eleccyon of the Archebysshop. And cōmaūded that all the woodes that were the Archebys∣shops sholde be caste done vnto the groū¦de / and all solde.

¶How kynge Iohn destroyed the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Cisteaux.

ANd in the same yere / the I••ysshe men began to warre vpon kyn∣ge Iohn / & the kyng ••••deyned hym for to go in to Irlonde / & lete ••••tre an huge taxe thrughout all Englond / that is for to saye .xxx. thousande marke. And thus

he sente thrugh out all Englonde vnto the monkes of y^• ordre of ••••steaux that they sholde helpe hym of .vi. thousande marke of syluer. ¶And they answered & sayd / that they durst no thynge do w^t∣out theyr cheyf abbot of Cisteaux. Wher¦fore kynge Iohan whan he came ayen from Irlonde / dyde them so moche soro∣we & care / that they wyst not wheder to abyde / for he toke so moche ••aūson of e∣uery hous / & the somme amoūted to .ix. thousande & .iij. hondred marke / so that they were clene loste & destroyed / & voy∣ded theyr houses & theyr londes thrugh∣out all Englonde. And y^• abbot of Wa∣uersaye dradde soo moche his menace / that he forsoke alle the abbaye & wente thens / & pryuely ordeyned hym ouer the see to the hous of Cisteaux. Whan the ty¦dynges came to the pope / that the kyng hat done so moche malyce / then he was towarde the kynge full wroth. And sen∣te two Legates vnto the kynge / that one was called Pandulf / & that other. Du∣raunt / that they sholde warne the kyng in the popes name / that he sholde cesse of his persecucyon that he dyde vnto ho¦ly chirche / & amende the wronge & the trespasse / that he had done to the Arche¦bysshop of Caūterbury / & to the pryour & vnto the monkes of Caunterbury / & to all the clergye of Englond. And that he sholde restore al the goodes ayen that he had taken of them ayenst theyr wyll & elles they sholde curse hym by name / And to do this thynge / and to conferme the pope toke them his letters in bulles patentes. ¶These two Legates came in to Englonde / & came to the kynge to Northampton / there that he helde his parlyament / & full curteysly they hym salewed & sayd. Syr we come fro the po¦pe of Rome / the peas of the holy chirche and the londe to amende. And we admo¦nest you fyrst in the popes half / that ye make full restytuc••n of the goodes that ye haue rauysshed & taken of holy chir∣che & of the londe. And that re recerue Stephen Archebysshop of Caunterbury in to his dygnytee / & the pryour of Caū¦terbury / & his monkes. And that ye yel∣de ayen vnto the Archebysshop all his londes & rentes / without ony withhol∣dynge. ¶And syt yet more ouer that 〈◊〉〈◊〉 shall make restytucyon / vnto all holy chirche / wherof they shall holde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 well a••a••ed. ¶Tho answer••d the kyn¦ge as touch••nge the 〈…〉〈…〉 of Caunterbury 〈…〉〈…〉 sayd I wyll do gladly 〈…〉〈…〉 ye wyll ordeyn••. But as 〈…〉〈…〉 Archebysshop. I shall 〈…〉〈…〉 as it lyeth. That the 〈…〉〈…〉 leue his Archebysshop 〈…〉〈…〉 pope thenne for hym 〈…〉〈…〉 thenne vppon 〈…〉〈…〉 some other bysshop•••••••••• to 〈…〉〈…〉 Englonde. And vpon 〈…〉〈…〉 wyll hym accepte 〈…〉〈…〉 theles as Archebysshop in 〈…〉〈…〉 he abyde / he shall neuer haue 〈…〉〈…〉 saufconduyte but that be 〈…〉〈…〉 ¶Tho sayd Pandulf vnto the 〈…〉〈…〉 Syre holy chu••che was wonte 〈…〉〈…〉 dyscharge an Archebysshoppe 〈…〉〈…〉 cause resonable. But eue•• it hath 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to chastyse prynces that to god 〈◊〉〈◊〉 chirche were ••nobedyene••. ¶〈◊〉〈◊〉 how now sayd the kyng menace 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Naye sayd Pandult but ye now 〈◊〉〈◊〉 haue tolde as it standeth in your 〈◊〉〈◊〉 And to ••ou we wyll tell what is the 〈…〉〈…〉 wyll. And thus it standeth that ••e hath you hooly enterdy••ed & 〈…〉〈…〉 for the wronges that ye haue done to ho¦ly chirche and to the clergye. And for as moche as ye dwelle and beth in wyll to abyde in malyce & in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and wyll not come out therof ne to amende ye shall vnderstande that this tyme af∣terwarde the senteence is vpon you 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and holdeth stede & strength and vpon all tho that with you hat co••••ned be∣fore this tyme••whether ther ben erles

〈◊〉〈◊〉 / ••s knyght{is} / or ony other what so euer y^• they be / we them assaylle / saufly vnto this daye. And fro this tyme after¦warde of what condycyon someuer that they ben we them accurse / that w^t you co¦myne ony worde / & do we sentence vpon them openly & specyally. And we assoyle clene / erles / barons / knyghtes / and all o∣ther men of theyr homages / seruyces & feaute••s / that they sholde vnto you do / And this tydynge to comferme / we ye∣ue playne power / to the bysshop of Wyn chestre / & to the bysshop of Norwyche. And the same power we yeu•• in to Scot¦londe to the bysshops of Rochestre & of Salysbury. And in Walys we yeue the same power to the bysshop of saynt Da¦uid and of Landaf & of saynt Asse. And more ouer we sente thrugh out all Cry∣stendom / that all the bysshops beyonde the see / that they do accurse all tho that helpe you / or ony coūseyll yeueth you in ony maner nede that ye haue to do in o∣ny parte of the worlde. And we assoylle them also all / by auctoryte of the pope / and cōmaunde them also with you for to fyght / as with hym that is enmye to all holy chirche. ¶Tho answered the kynge. What may ye doo more to me / ¶Tho answered Pandulf. We saye to you in the worde of god / that ye ne noo heyre that ye haue neuer after this daye may be crowned. ¶Tho sayd the kyn∣ge. By hym that is almyghty god / & I had wyst this are that ye came in to my londe / that ye had brought me suche ty∣dynges. I sholde haue made you ryde al one yere. ¶Tho answered Pandulf / Full well wende we at our fyrst comyn∣ge / that ye wolde haue be obedyent to god & holy chirche / & haue fulfylled the popes cōmaundement / & now we haue shewed vnto you / & pronounced the po∣pes wyll / as we were charged therwith And as now ye haue sayd / that yf ye had wyst the cause of our comynge / that ye wolde haue do vs to ryde all an hole yere. And as well ye myght haue sayd / that ye wolde haue taken 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hoole yere of 〈…〉〈…〉. ¶But for to suffre what deth ye 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ordeyne / we shall not spare for to telle you hooly all the popes message & his wyll / that we were charged with.

¶How Pandulf delyuered a clerke that had falsyd & coū••••••••••tyd the kyng{is} mo∣neye before the kynge hymself.

ANd anone the commaunded the kyng the Syrefs & Bayly••s of Northampton / that were in the kynges presence / that they sholde kynge forth all the prysoners / that they myght be do¦ne to deth before Pandulf / for by caus•• the kynge wened that they wolde haue gaynsayd theyr dedes / for cause of the deth all thynge that they had spoken a∣fore. ¶Whan the prysoners were come before the kynge / the kynge cōmaunded some to be hanged / & some to be drawen and some to drawe out theyr eyen out of theyr heed. And amonge all other / there was a clerke that had fullyd the kynges moneye. And the kynge cōmaūded that he sholde le hanged and drawed. And whan Pandulf herde this commaunde∣ment of the kynge / he sterte hȳ vp ryght quyckly / & anone axed a booke & a can∣delb / and wolde haue cursyd the kynge / & all theym that wolde sette vppon the clerke ony honde. And Pandulf hymself wente for to seke a crosse. And the kyng folowed hym / & delyuered hym the cler∣ke by the hotde that he sholde doo with hym what he wolde. And thus was the clerke delyuered & wente them. ¶And Pandulf and Duraunt his felowe wen¦te fro the kynge / & came agayne to the pope of Rome. And tolde hym that kyn¦ge Iohan wolde not amended be. But euer abode so accursyd. ¶And neuerthe∣les the pope graunted that yere 〈◊〉〈◊〉 out all Englonde / that 〈◊〉〈◊〉 myght

〈…〉〈…〉 chirches / and 〈…〉〈…〉 body / & gyue it to syke men whiche were lykly to passe out of this worlde. And also y^• men myght crysten childern ouer all y^• londe. ¶And whan the pope wyste and sawe that the kynge wolde not be vnder the rule of ho¦ly chirche for no maner thynge. The po¦pe thenne sente to the kynge of Fraunce in remyssyon of his synnes / that he shol¦de take with hym all the power that he myght / & go in to Englonde for to de∣stroye the kynge Iohn. ¶Whan these tydynges came to kynge Iohn / thenne was he sore anoyed / & sore dradde lest he sholde lese his reame / & hymself be done to the deth. ¶Thenne sent he to the po¦pe messengers & sayd. He wolde be Iusti∣fyed / and come to amendement in all thynges / & wolde make satysfaccyon to all maner of men after the popes ordy∣naunce. ¶Thenne sente the pope ayen in to Englonde Pandulf & other messen¦gers / and came to Caunterbury to the kynge & there abode. And the .viij. daye of May / the kynge made an othe for to stande to the popes ordynaunce / before Pandulf y^• Legate in all maner of thyn¦ges in whiche he was accursyd. And that he sholde make full restytucyon to all men of holy chirche & of relygyon / and of the goodes that he had taken of them ayenst theyr wyll. And all the grete lor∣des of Englonde swore vppon the boke & by theyr holydom / that yf the kynge wolde not holde his othe / they sayd that they wolde by strength make hym holde it. ¶Thenne put the kynge hym to the courte of Rome / and theme gaaf he vp the reame of Englonde and of Irlonde for hym and for his heyres for euer mo∣••e that sholde come after hym / 〈◊〉〈◊〉 that kynge Iohn and his ••eytes sholde take the two reames of the popes hondes / And sholde euery yere paye ferme vnto the courte of Rome a thousande marke of syluer. And tho toke the kynge the crowne of his heed and sette it vpon his 〈◊〉〈◊〉. And these wordes sayd he in he∣rynge of all the grete lordes of Englon¦de. Here I resygne vp the crowne and the realme of Englonde in to the pope In∣nocenci{us} hondes the thyrde / and put me hooly in his mercy & in his ordynaunce ¶Tho receyued Pandulf the crowne of kynge Iohn / and kepte it fyue dayes as fore seasynge / takynge of two real∣mes / of Englonde & of Irelonde. And cōfermed all maner thyng / by his real∣tre / that foloweth after.

¶Of the letter oblygatorye that 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Iohan made to y^• court of Rome wher∣fore the Peters pens ben gadred thrugh out all Englonde.

TO all crysten people 〈…〉〈…〉 all the worlde dwellynge. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 by the grace of god kynge of Englonde gretynge to your vnyuersyte. And 〈◊〉〈◊〉 knowen that for as mocke as we haue gr••••••d and offended god & out 〈◊〉〈◊〉 holy chirche of Rome. And 〈…〉〈…〉 as we haue nede vnto the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of our lorde Ihesu Cryst. And also we 〈◊〉〈◊〉 thynge so worthy offre / as competen•• sa¦tysfaccyon to make to god and to holy chirche / but yf that it were our owne bo¦dy / as with our reames of Englonde & of Irlonde. Thenne by the grace of god we desyre to meke vs for the loue of hȳ that meked hȳ to the deth of the crosse Thorugh couseylle of these noble erles and barons / we offre all freely / graunte to god and to the appostle saynt Peter and saynt Poule / and to our moder chir¦che of Rome / and to our holy fader po∣pe Innocenci{us} the thyrde and to all the popes that cometh after hym all the rea¦me and patronages of ch••rches of En∣glonde and of Irlonde with theyr ap∣pertenaunces for remyssyon of our syn∣nes / and for helpe & helth of our kyn••e soules / and of all crysten soules. So that

from this daye afterwarde we wyll re∣c••yue / & holde of our moder chirche of Rome / as fee f••rme / dooynge 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to our holy fader pope Innocenci{us} the thyr¦de / and soo to all the popes that cometh after hym / in the same manere aboue¦sayd. And in presence of the wyse man Pandulf the popes Subdcaken / we ma¦ke lyeges homage / as it were in the po∣pes presence / and before hym were. And shall do all manere thyng{is} aboue sayd / And therto we bynde vs / and all that co¦meth after vs / and our heyres for euer more without ony agaynsayenge to the pope / and che the warde of chirche va∣cauntz. And in token for this thynge for euer to laste / we wyll conferme and or∣deyne that our specyal rentes of the for 〈◊〉〈◊〉 sauynge saynt Peters pens 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to the moder chirche of Ro¦me payenge by yere a thousande mar∣ke of lyluer / and two termes of the yere for all manere customes that we sholde d••••fe: the forsayd reames / that is to say 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Myghclmas and at Eester. That is to saye .vii. hondred marke for Englon∣de and thre hondred marke for Irlonde Sauynge to vs & to our heytes our Iu∣styces and other fraunchyse / and other ryaltees. that perteyne vnto the crowne And these thynges that before ben sayd we wyll / that it be ferme & stable with / out ende. And to that oblygacyon / we & our successours & our heytes in this ma∣nere be bounde / that yf we / or ony of our heytee / thorugh any presumpcyon falle / in ony poynt / ayenst ony of these thyn∣ges aboue sayd / and he be warned / and wyll not ryght amende / he shall thenne lese y^• forsayd reame for euer more. And that this chartre of oblygacyon and our 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for euer more / be ferme and stable w^t out ony gaynsayenge. We shall from this daye afterwarde be true vnto god and to the moder of holy churche of Rome / and to the pope Iunocincius the thyrde / and to all that cometh after hȳ 〈…〉〈…〉

¶How the clerkes that were 〈◊〉〈◊〉 came agayne / and how kyng Iohn was assoylled.

SO when this chartre was made and ensealed / the kynge receyued agayne his crowne of Pandulfus hon∣de. And sente anone vnto the Archebys∣shop Stephen / and to all his after cler∣kes and lewde men / that he had exiled out of this londe / that they sholde come ayen in to Englonde / and haue agayn theyr londes and also theyr rentes. And that he wolde make reflytucyon of the goodes that he had taken of theyrs a∣yenst theyr wyll. ¶The kynge hymself tho and Pandulf / and erles and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 went vnto Wynchestre ayenst the Arche¦bysshop Stephen. ¶And whan he was come. the kynge wente ayenst hym and fell adowne to his feet / and thus to hym sayd. Fayre syre ye be welcome. And I crye you mercy by cause that I haue tres¦passed ayenst you. ¶The Archebysshop toke hym vp tho in his armes / and kys∣syd hym curteysly oftentymes / and after ledde hym to the doore of saynt Swy∣thunes chirche by the honde / and assoyl∣led hym of the sentence / and hym ••••••••∣syled to god & to holy chirche. And that was on Saynt Margaretes daye. And the Archebysshop anone went 〈…〉〈…〉

〈…〉〈…〉 she asked. The Legate wente thenne a∣gayn to the pope after Cryst••••••e. And the kynge sence ouer see to Iulyan that was kynge Rychardes wyf / for to haue a relace of that she axed of hym. ¶And so it befell / that Iulyan deyed anone af¦ter Eester. And in soo moche the kynge was quyte of that thynge that she ared ¶But thenne at the feest of saynt Iohn that came next after / thorugh the popes cōmaundement / the enterdytynge was fyrst releasyd thrughout all Englonde / the seuenth daye of Iulij. And vii. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 was the londe enterdyted. And on y^• mor¦nynge men ronge and sayd masse tho∣rugh out all London and soo after tho¦rugh out all Englonde. ¶And the next yere after there began a grete debate by∣twene kynge Iohan and the lordes of Englonde / for by cause that be wolde not graūe the lawes and holde the ••••che saynt Edwarde had ordeyned and had ben vsed and holden vnto that to me that he had them broken. For be ••••de holde noo lawe / but dyde alle thynge that hym lyked / and dyshertysed many men without consente of lordes and ••••••tys of y^• londe. And wolde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the good erle Rodulf of Ch••••h•• for by ••••••se that he vndertoke hȳ of his wycked¦nesse / and for cause that he dyde so mo∣che shame and vylany to god and to ho¦ly ch••rche. And also for he helde & haun¦ted his owne brothers wyf / and laye also by many other 〈◊〉〈◊〉 greate lord•••• doughters. For be spared noo woman that hym lyked for to haue. Wherfore all the lordes of the londe were wroche and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the cyte of London. To c••sse this debate the Archebtysshop and lo••des of the londe assembled before the feest of saynt Iohn Baptyst in a medowe bely¦de the towne of Stanys that is called 〈…〉〈…〉

〈…〉〈…〉 for the kyn¦ge hymselfe soone after dyde ayenst the poyntes of the same chartre that he had made. Wherfore the moost parte of the lordes of the londes assembled and began to warre vppon hym ayen / and ••••nned his towers / & robbed his folke / and dy∣de all the sorowe that they myght / & ma¦de them as stronge as they myght with all the power they had / and thought to dryue hym out of Englonde / and make Lowys the kyng{is} sone of Fraunce kyng of Englonde. ¶And kynge Iohn̄ sente tho ouer see / and ordeyned so moche peo¦ple of Normans / & of Pycardes / and of Flemynges / soo that the londe myght not susteyne them / but with moche soro∣we. ¶And amonge all this people / the∣re was a man of Normandye that was called Fawkis of Brent / and this Nor∣man & his company spared nother chu∣ches ne houses of relygyon / but they brente & robbed it / and bare awaye alle that they myght take so that the londe was all destroyed / what of ony syde and of other. ¶The barons and lordes of Englonde ordeyned amonge theym the beste spehers and wysest men / and sente them ouer the see to kynge Phylypp of Fraunce & prayed hym / that he wolde sende Lowys his sone in to Englonde to be kynge of Englonde / & to receyue the crowne.

¶How Lowys the kynges some of Fraū¦ce came in to Englonde with a stronge power of peple / to be kyng of Englonde

A None as kynge Philyp of Fraū¦ce herde these tydynges / he ma∣de ••etayne alyaunce bytwene theym by theyr comune eleccyon / that Lowys kyn¦ge Philyps sone of Fraunce sholde go•• with theym in to Englonde / and dry••se 〈◊〉〈◊〉 kynge Iohn of the londe. And alle that were in presence of Lowys / made vnto hym homage / and became his men 〈…〉〈…〉

〈…〉〈…〉 was sette before hym vppon the table / And the monke sayd / that the loof was worth but an half peny. O sayd the kyn¦ge tho. Here is grete chepe of brede. Now sayd he cho / and I may lyue ony whyle suche a loof shall be worth .xx. shelynges or half a yere be gone. And so whan he sayd this worde / moche he thought / and often he syghed / and toke and ete of the brede / and sayd by god / the worde that I haue spoken / it shall be soth. ¶The monke that stode before the kynge was for this worde full sory in his herte / and thought / rather be wolde hymselfe suf∣fre deth / and thought yf he myght ordey¦ne therfore some manere remedye. And anone the monke wente vnto his abbot and was shryuen of hym / and tolde the abbot all that the kynge had sayd. And prayed his abbot for to assoyle hym / for he wolde yeue the kynge such a drynke that all Englonde sholde be glady there of and Ioyfull. Tho yede the monke in to a gardeyne / and founde a greate tode therin / and toke her vp and put her in a cuppe / & prycked the tode thorugh wich a broche many tymes tyll that the ve∣nym came out of euery syde in the cuppe And tho toke the cuppe & fylled it with good ale / and brought it before the kyn¦ge knelynge sayenge. Syr sayd he Wash sayll / for neuer the dayes of all your lyf dronke ye of so good a cuppe. ¶Begyn monke sayd the kynge. And the monke dranke a grete draught / & toke the kyn∣ge the cuppe / and the kynge dranke al∣so a grete draught / and sette downe the cuppe. The monke anone ryght wente in to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and there deyed anone / on 〈◊〉〈◊〉 soule god haue mercy Amen. And fyne monk{is} synge for his soule spe¦cyally / and shall whyle that the abbay•• standeth. The kynge rose vp anone full euyll at ease and comaunded to remeue the table / & axed after the monke. And men tolde hym that he was deed for his wombe was broken in sondre. ¶Whan the kynge herde this / he comaunded for to trusse / but it was for nought / for his bely began to swelle for the drynke that he had dronke / and within two da•••••• he deyed on the morowe after saynt Luli•• daye / and had many fayre chidern of his body begoten / that is to saye. Henry his sone that was kynge after Iohn 〈◊〉〈◊〉 fader / and Rycharde that was Erle of Comewalle / and Ysabell that Em¦presse of Rome / and Elenore that was quene of Scotlonde. And this kyng Io¦han whan he had regned. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and fyue monethes and fyue da••es be 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in the castell of newerbe. And his body was buryed at Wynchestre.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.CC.

ERedericus the seconde was Em∣perour .xxx. yere. This man was crowned of Honori{us} y^• pope ayenst 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for by cause that be sholde frghte with hym / the whiche be dyde and ••••pullyd hym. And fyrste be nourysshed the ch••••∣che / and afterwarde he dylpoyled it as a stepmoder. Wherfore Honorius 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hym / and all tho that were contrary to his opynyon the pope assoylled. And the same sentence Girgori{us} the .ii. renewed And this same man put Henry his ow∣ne sone into pryson / and there murdred hym. Wherfore whan this Emperour an other season was syke by an other sone of his owne he was mindred in the tyme of Innocenicus the fourth. ¶Ho∣norius the thyrde was pope after Inno∣cencius. x. yere / & confermed the ordre of frere Prechers and Mynors. And made certayne Decretalles.

¶Of kyng Henry the thyrde that was crowned at Gloucetre.

ANd after this kynge Iohn reg∣ned his sone Henry / & was crow¦ned at Gloucetre whan he was .ix. yere olde / on seynt Symondes daye & Iude of Swalo the Legate of Rome thrugh coūseyll of all the grete lordes that helde with kynge Iohan his fader / that is to saye / the erle Radulf of Chestre. Willy∣am erle Marshall erle of Penbroke. Wil¦lyam the Brener erle of Feriers. Serle the manly baron. And all other grete lor¦des of Englonde helde with Lowys the kynges sone of Fraūce. And anone after whan kynge Henry was crowned. Swa¦lo the Legate helde his coūseyll at Bry∣stowe at saynt Martyns feest. And there were .xi. bysshops of Englonde & of Wa¦lys / & of other prelates of holy chirche a grete nombre / and erles & barons / & ma¦ny knyghtes of Englonde. And all tho that were at that coūseyll / swore feawte vnto Henry the kynge that was kynge Iohns sone. ¶And anone after the Le∣gate enterdyted Walys / for cause that they helde with the barons of Englon∣de. Also all tho that holpe / or yaue ony coūseyll to meue warre ayenst the newe kynge Henry he accursyd them. And at the begynnynge / he put in the sentence the kyng{is} sone of Fraunce Lowys. And neuertheles the same Lowys wolde not spare for all that. But wente & toke the castell of Barcamstede / and also the ca∣stell of Hertforde. And from that daye afterwarde / the barons dyde there somo che harme thrughout all Englonde. and pryncypalle the Frensshe men that were with kynge Lowys. Wherfore the grete lordes / and all the comyn people of En∣glonde / lete them dresse / for to dryue Lo∣wys & his company out of Englonde / but some of the barons & Frensshe men were gone to the cyte of Nicholl / & toke the towne & helde it to kyng Lowys pro∣fyte. But chyther came kynge Henryes men with a grete power / that is to saye the erle Radulf of Chestre / & Wyllyam erle Marshall / & Wyllyam the Brener erle of Feriers / & many other lordes w^t them / & yaue batayll vnto Lowys men. And there was slayne the erle of Per∣chees / and Lowys men were fowle dys∣comfyted. And there was taken Serle erle of Wynchestre / and Humfroy de Boune erle of Hertforde / & Robert the sone of Walter / & many other that be∣gan warre ayenst the kynge / there they were taken & ledde vnto kynge Henry / that was kynge Iohans sone. ¶And whan y^e tydynges came to Lowys of the dyscomfyture / y^• was the kynges sone of Fraūce. He remeued fro thens & wente vnto London / and lete shytte the yates fast of the cyte. And anone after the kyn¦ge sent to the Burgeys of London / that they sholde yelde them vnto hym / & the cyte also. And he wolde theym graunte all theyr fraunchyses that euer they we∣re wonte to haue before. And wolde con∣ferme them by his greate newe chartre vnder his brode seale. ¶And in the sa∣me tyme a greate lorde that wat called Eustace the monke came out of Fraun¦ce with a grete company of Lordes / and wolde haue come in to Englonde / for to haue holpen Lowys the kynges sone of Fraunce. But Hubert of Brugh / & the fyue portes with .viij. shyppes tho mette with them in the hyghe see / & assaylled theym egrely / and ouercame them with strength / & smote of Eustace the mon∣kes heed. And toke also .x. grete lordes of Fraunce & put theym in to pryson. And slewe almoost all the men that came w^t theym / and anone drowned the shyppes in the see.

¶How Lowys torned ayen in to Fraū∣ce / and of the confermacyon of kynge Iohans chartre.

SO whan Lowys herde these ty∣dynages / he dradde sore to be deed & lost. And let ordeyne / & speke bytwe∣ne y^• kynge & Lowys by the Legate Swa¦lo. And thorugh the Archebysshopp of Caūterbury / & thrugh other grete lordes that all the prysoners on that one halfe & that other sholde be delyuerd & go quy¦te. And Lowys hymself sholde haue for his costes a thousande pounde of syluer. & sholde go out of Englonde / and come neuer more therin agayne. And in this maner was the accorde made bytwene kynge Henry and Lowys. And tho was Lowys assoylled of y^• popes Legate / that was called Swalo of the sentence that he was in / & the Barons of Englonde also. And after this kyng Henry & Swa¦lo the Legate & Lowys went to Merton & there was y^• peas confermed / & bytwe¦ne them ordeyned And after Lowys wen¦te from thens vnto London & tooke his leue / & was brought with moche honour vnto the see with the Archebysshopp of Caunterbury / and with other bysshops / & also with erles & barons / and so wen∣te in to Fraunce. ¶And afterwarde the kynge & the Archebysshop / and also er∣les and barons assembled them / & came to the cyte of London atte Myghelmas that next came tho sewynge and helde there a grete parlyament atte London / And there were tho renewed all the fraū¦chyse that kynge Iohn had graunted / atte Romney mede / and kynge Henry tho confermed by his chartre / the whi∣che yet ben holden thrugh out all Eng∣londe. ¶And in that tyme the kynge to¦ke of euery plough londe .ij. shelynges / And Hubert of Brugh was made tho cheyf Iustyce of Englond. And this was in the fourth yere of kynge Henryes reg¦ne. ¶And in the same yere was Saynt Thomas of Caūterbury translated the .l. yere after his martyrdom. And after it was ordeyned by all the lordes of En¦glonde / that all Alyens sholde go out of Englonde / & come nomore therin. And kynge Henry toke tho all the castelles in to his honde / that kynge Iohan his fa∣der had yeue & take to Alyens for to ke∣pe that helde with hym. ¶But the prou¦de Fawkis of Brytayne rychely lete a∣raye his castell of Bedforde / which he had of kynge Iohns yefte / & helde that castell ayenst kynge Henryes wyll with myght and strength. And the kynge ca∣me thyder with a stronge power / and be syeged the castell. And the Archebysshop mayster Stephen of Langton / with a fayre company of knyghtes came to the kynge hym for to helpe. And from the Ascensyon of our lorde vnto y^• Assump∣cyon of our lady lasted the syege. And tho was the castell wonne and take. And the kynge lete hange all tho that wen∣te in to the castell with theyr good wyll. for to holde the castell. That is for to saye .lxxx. men. ¶And tho afterwarde Fawkis hymself was founde and had in a chirche att Couentree and there he forswore all Englonde with moche sha¦me / and wente agayne in to his owne countree. ¶And whyles that kyng Hen¦ry regned. Edmonde of Abyndon that was tresorer of Salysbury was conse∣crated Archchysshopp of Caunterburye. And this kyng Henry sente ouer the see vnto the Erle of prouynce / y^• he sholde sende hȳ his doughter in to Englonde / that was called Ellenore and be wolde spowse her. And sho she came in to En¦glonde after Crystmas. And on the mo∣rowe after saynt Hylaryes daye the Ar∣chebysshop Edmonde spowsed them to∣gyder at Westmestre with grete solemp¦nyte. And there was a swere syght by∣twene them. That is to saye. Edwarde that was nexte kynge after his fader / floure of curteysy & of largenesse / and Margarete y^• was after quene of Scot∣londe / & Beau••••••e that was after coun∣tesse of Brytayne / and Kachetyne that deyed mayde in relygyon.

¶Of the quinzeme of goodes that we∣te graunted for the newe chartre / and of the purueaunce of Oxforde.

ANd thus it befell that the lordes of Englonde wolde haue some addicyons moo in the chartre of fraūchy¦se that they had of the kynge / & spake thus bytwene them. And the kyng graū¦ted them all theyr axynge. And made to them two chartres / that one is called the grete chartre of fraūchyses / & that other is called y^• chartre of forest. And for the graunte of these two chartres / prelates / erles & barons / & all the comyns of En¦glonde / yaue to the kynge a thousande marke of syluer ¶Whan kynge Henry had be kynne .xliij. yere / the same yere he & his lordes erles & barons of the rea¦me wente to Oxforde / and ordeyned a lawe in amendement of the reame. And fyrst swore the kynge hymlself / & after∣warde alle the lordes of the londe / that they wolde holde that statute for euer∣more / and who that them brake sholde be deed. But the seconde yere after that that ordynaūce the kynge thrugh coun∣seyll of Edwarde his sone / & of Rychar¦de his brother / that was erle of Corne∣waylle / & also of other repented hym of that othe that he had made for to holde that lawe & ordynaūce. And sente to the courte of Rome to be assoylled of that othe. And in the yere next comynge af∣ter / was the grete darth of come in En∣glonde. For a qurter of whete was worth .xxiiij. shelynges. And the poore people ete netles and other wedes for hungre. And deyed many a thousande for defaw¦te of mete. ¶And in the .xlviij. yere of kynge Henryes regne began warre and debate bytwene hym and his lordes / for by cause that he had broken the coue∣nauntes that were made bytwone them at Oxforde. ¶And the same yere was y^• towne of Northampton taken / and fol∣ke slayne that were within / for by cause that they had ordeyned wylde fyre for to brenne the cyte of London. ¶And in the moneth of Maye that came next after / vpon saynt Pancras daye / was the ba∣tayll of Lewes / that is to saye / the We∣nesdaye before Saynt Dunstans daye. And there was taken kynge Henry hym self / & syr Edwarde his sone / & Rychar de his brod{er} erle of Corne wayll / & many other lordes. And in the same yere nexte sewynge syr Edwarde the kynges sone brake out of the warde of syr Symonde of Moūtforth / erle of Leycetre / at Hert / forde / & wente vnto the barons of the Marche / & they receyued hym with mo∣che honour. ¶And the same tyme Gil∣bert of Claraūce erle of Glocetre that was in the warde also of y^• forsayd Sy∣monde thorugh the cōmaundement of kynge Henry / that wente fro hym with a grete herte / for cause that he sayd / that the forsayd Gilbert was a foole / wher∣fore he ordeyned hym afterwarde so / & helde hym with kyng Henry. ¶And on the Saterdaye next after the myddes of August / syre Edwarde the kynges sone dyscomfyted syr Symonde de Mount∣forth at Kelyngworth / but the grete lor∣des that were there with hym were ta∣ken / that is to saye. Baldewyne Wake. & Willyam de Moūchensye / & many o∣ther grete lordes. And the Tewysdaye next after was y^• batayll done at Eushā And there was slayne syr Symonde de Moūtforth. Hugh the Spenser / & Moūt forth that was Rauf Bassettes fader of Draiton / and other many grete lordes / And whan this bataylle was done / alle the gentylmen that had ben with the er∣le Symonde were dysheryted / & ordey∣ned togyder & dyde moche harme to all the londe. For they destroyed theyr en∣myes in all that they myght.

¶Of the syege of Kenylworth / & how the gentylmen were dysheryted thorugh counseyll of the lordes of the reame of Englonde / and how they came agayne and had theyr londes.

ANd the nexte yere comynge in May / the fourth daye before the frest of saynt Dunstane / was the batay¦le & scomfyture at Chestrefelde / of them that were dysheryted / & there was many of theym slayne. ¶And Robert Erle of Feriers there was taken / & also Balde∣wyne Wake / & Iohn oclahay / w^t moche sorowe escaped thens. And on saynt Io¦hans cue the Baptyst tho sewynge / be∣gan y^• syege of the castell Kenilworth / & the syege lasted to saynt Thomas eue y^• apostle. in whiche daye syr Hugh Hastyn¦ge had the castel for to kepe / that yelded vp the castell vnto the kyng in this ma∣nere / that hymself & the other that were within the castell / sholde haue theyr ly∣ues & lȳme / & as moche thynge as they had therin / both hors & harneys / & four dayes of respyte / for to delyuer clenly y^e castell / of themself / & of all other maner thynge / as they had within the castell / & so they went fro the castell. And syr Sy¦monde Moūtforth the yonger / & the coū¦tesse his moder were gone ouer the see in to Fraunce / & there helde them as peo∣ple that were exyled out of Englonde for euer. ¶And soone after it was ordey¦ned by the Legate Octobone / & by other greate lordes / the wysest of Englonde / that all tho that had be ayenst the kyng and were dysheryted / sholde haue ayen theyt londes by greuous raūsons / after that it was ordeyned. And thus they we¦re accorded with the kyng / & peas cryed th••••ughout all Englonde / and thus the warre was ended. And whan it was do∣ne / the Legate toke his leue of the kyng & of the quene / & of the g••rate lordes of Englonde / & went tho to Rome the .lv. yere of kynge Henryes regne / and Ed∣warde kynge Iohns sone of Brytayne Iohan Vessi. Thomas of Clare. Roge¦re at Cly••••orde. Othes of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Robert le Bru••. Iohan of Verdon / and many other lordes of Englonde / & of be yonde the see tooke they waye towarde y^• hooly londe. And y^• kyng Henry deyed in the same tyme att Westmestre / what he had regned .lv. yere & .xix. wekes / on saynt Edmonds daye the Archebysshop of Caslterbury. And he was enteryd on saynt Edmondes daye the kyng in the yere of the Incarnacyon of our lorde Ie∣su Cryste .M.CC.lxxij.

¶Prophecye of Merlyn of the kynge Henry the fyrste erpowned / that was kynge Iohans sone.

ANd of this Henry prophecyed Merlyn and sayd that a lamb•• sholde come out of Wynchestre in y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 re of the Incarnacyon of our lorde Ihe∣su Cryste .M.CC. and .xvi. with true lyppes & holynesse wryten in his herte•• And he sayd so the / for y^• good Henry the kynge was borne in Wynchestre in the yere abouesayd / & he spake good wordes & swete / & was an holy man & of good conseyence. And Merlyn sayd / that this Henry sholde make the fayrest place of the worlde / that in his tyme sholde not be fully ended / & he sayd soth. For he ma¦de the newe werke of y^• abbaye of saynt Peters chirche att Westmestre / that is fayrer of syght than ony other place y^• ony man knoweth thorugh out all ••y∣stendom. But kynge Henry deyed are that werke were fully at an ende & that was grete harme. ¶And yet sayd Mer∣lyn / that this lambe sholde haue peas the moost parte of his regne. And he say¦de full soth / for he was neuer noyed tho¦rugh warre / neyther dyseased in no ma∣nere wyse / tyll a lytell afore his dethe / & Merlyn sayd in his prophecye more / & in the regne & ende of the fursayd la•••• be / a wulf of a straunge londe shall do•• hym moche har•••••• tho••••gh his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 And that he sholde at y^• laste be mayste••

thorugh helpe of a reed foxe / that sholde come forth of the Northwest & sholde hȳ ouercome. And that he sholde dryue hȳ out of the water / & y^• prophecye full well was knowen. For within a lytell tyme or the kynge deyed Symonde of Moūt∣forde erle of Leycetre / that was borne in Fraūce / began ayenst hym stronge war∣re / thrugh whiche doynge / many a good bacheler destroyed was & deyed / & dyshe ryted. ¶And whan kynge Henry had the byctory at Eusham / & Symond the erle was slayne thorugh helpe & myght of Gilbert of Clare erle of Glocetre / y^t was in kepynge & warde of the forsayd Symonde / thrugh ordynaunce of kyng Henry / that wente ayen vnto the kynge with moche power. Wherfor the forsayd Symonde was destroyed / and that was grete harme to the comyns of Englon∣de / that soo good a man was slayne for the trouth / & deyed in charyte / & for the comyn profyte of the same folke / & ther¦fore almyghty god for hym hath syns shewed many a fayre myracle to dyuers men & wȳmen of the spkenesse & dysea∣se that they haue had for the loue of hym ¶And Merlyn also sayd in his prophe¦cye / that after that tyme / the lambe shol¦de lyue no whyle / & thenne his seed shol¦de be in straunge londe without ony pa∣sture / and he sayd soth / for kynge Henry lyued no whyle after y^• Symonde Moūt forde was slayne / that kynge Henry ne deyed anone after hym. And in the mea¦ne tyme syr Edwarde his sone / that was the best kynge of the worlde of honour / was tho in the holy londe / & gate there Acres. And in that coūtree he begate the¦re vpon dame Elenore his wyf Iohan of Acres his doughter / that afterwarde was countesse of Glocetre / & made su∣che a vyage in the holy londe / that alle the worlde spake of his knyghthode / & euery man dradde hym / hye & lowe tho∣rugh out alle crystendome / as the s••orye of hym telleth / as after warde ye shall here more openly. ¶And from the tyme that kyng Henry deyed / tyll that syr Ed¦warde was crowned kyng / all the grete lordes of Englond were as faderles chil¦dern withoute ony socoure / that theym myght mayntene & gouerne / and defen∣de ayenst theyr deedly enmyes.

ORegorius the .ix. was pope after Honorius / this man canonysed many sayntes / & defended myghtely the chirche ayenst Frederyk / therfore he to∣ke many prelates & two Cardynalles / the whiche wente to coūseyll ayenst hym This pope was segyd in the cyte of Ro¦me by the Emperour / & he sawe the Ro¦mayns were corrupte by the moneye of the Emperour. Thenne he toke in his honde the heedes of the appostles Peter & Poule / & went with processyon fro the chirche of saynt Iohan Latranence / to saynt Peters chirche. ¶And so he gate the hert{is} of the Romayns / & the Empe¦rour went fayr awaye fro y^• cyte. This pope made frere Ianond to compyle the fyue bolres of Decretales / of many py∣stles & decrees. And after with many try¦bulacyons of this tyraunt & other / he de¦cessyd and wente to heuen. ¶Celestinus the fourth was pope after Gregori{us} al∣moost a moneth / & he was in his lyfe & in his connynge laudable. And he was an olde man & a feble & decessyd / & the∣re was no pope after hym almoost a .xij. month. ¶Innocenci{us} the fourth was po¦pe after hym almoost .xi. yere & .vi. mo∣nethes / this man canonysed many sayn¦tes / & Frederyk the Emperour he depo∣syd & cursyd as enmye vnto god in the thyrde yere that he was made pope / & he was holpe by the Ianuenc{is}. ¶Thenne was Henry the sixt chosen & Wyllyam / by the popes commaundement ayenst Frederyk that one after an other / but chey preuayled not to ouercome his tyrā¦ny / for he was ouermyghty / ne these we∣re not crowned / for they dece••••yd anone.

¶Thomas de Aquine an holy doctour Albertus magnus the bysshop of Ratis∣ponens. Eustacius. Bonauenture a de∣uoute doctour were this tyme / the whi∣che destroyed moche heresye enfected by the Emperour. ¶Alexander was pope after Innocencius .viij. yere / & lytell of hym is wryten. ¶Vrban{us} was after hȳ thre yere & thre monethes / this man dro ue awaye the hoste of the Sarrasyns by men marked with the crosse / the whiche Maufred had sente ayenst the chirche / And the pope toke the kyngdom of Ce∣cyle to the kynges brother of Fraunce / that he sholde fyght with Maufrede / & thenne he decessyd. And Maufrede after lost his lyf & his kyngdom by Karolus. ¶Alphonsus the kynge of Castell Ry∣chardes brother to the kynge of Englon¦de erle of Cornewayle / were chosen Em¦perours after the longe vacacyon of the Empyre / for y^e chesers of the Emperour were dyuyded in sondre / & there was gre¦te stryfe many yere. At the laste decessyd Rycharde / & Alphonsus came amye afo¦re Gregori{us} the .ix. by the sygne of peas / & vtterly renounced all his tytle of the Empyre / and he had ony / for he was a very wytty man / & a noble astronomer / and his tables ben very famous the whi¦che he made / for they be compendyous. ¶Clemens the fourth was pope after Vrban{us} .iij. yere & .ix. monethes / this Cle¦mens was an holy man / & sayd thrugh the spyryte of prophecy / that the enmyes of the chirche sholde perysshe as the smo¦ke. And it is to be byleued / y^• god sessyd the trybulacyons of the chirche thorugh his merytes. This man afore had a wyf and childern / and whan he was preest / & after bysshop / he was sente in to Eng¦lond Legate / and he no thynge knowyn¦ge was chosen pope / and after decessyd bledssydly for his vertuous lyuynge / ¶Gregori{us} the .x. was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 after hym foure yere / after he was made 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for the desyre that he had to the holy londe. the whiche he entended to vysyte perso∣nally / at Lodun̄ in Fraūce he made a so∣lempne counseyll / in the whiche the coū∣seyll of the Grekes & the Tartars were & there the Grek{is} promysed to be refout med by the vnyte of the chirche. And the Tartars were but a lytell afore bapty∣sed / & promysed the same. And there we¦re gadred .vi. C. bysshops & .M. prelates / & therfore a certayne man sayd Grego∣rius gadred togrder all kynde of people And there was decreed that all persans & vycaryes sholde be called preest. & no prelates / & that no man sholde assygne his tythes to what chirche he wolde as they dyde afore. But they sholde be pay¦de to his moder chirche. And he damp∣ned the pluralyte of benefyces & deyed a blessyd man. ¶Innocenci{us} the .v. was after hym .v. monethes / & lytell he dyde ¶Adrian{us} was after hym 00 moneth & dyde lesse. ¶Iohs the .xxi. was after hȳ viij. monethes / & he was in dyuers scyen¦ces a famous man / but in maners a fole & decessyd anone. ¶Nicholaus the thyr∣de was pope after Iohn 00 yere. This man was in his dayes in buyldyng a no¦ble man. & well gouerned the cyte all his dayes. & y^• seconde yere he decessyd. ¶Ra¦dulph{us} was Emperour .xviij. yere this man was erle of Hanebrugh a wyse mā in armes / noble & victoryous & was cho¦sen at Basyle. And he toke the crosse on hȳ for the holy londe. Thimperya•• bles¦synge he had not / but y^e pope alowed the eleceyon / for fauour of the holy londe.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.CC.lxxiiij.

MArtinus the .iiij. was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 after Nichola{us} iiij. yere. this man was a grete louer of relygyous men / & grete attendynge to vertuous werkes. This man cursyd the Emperour of Constancy nople / in so moche as he promysed for to torne to the fayth in the generall conn∣scyll / & dyde not / for y^• whiche he suffred

many passyons & all holy chirche. Also he cursyd the kyng of Aragon / for he ex¦pulsyd the kyng of Cecyle fro his kyng¦dome. And after he had done many ba∣taylles ayenst men of mysbyleue & ma∣ny trybulacōns suffred / he decessyd & dy∣de many myracles. ¶Nicholaus de lyra a noble doctour of dyuynyte was this ty¦me at Parys / this man was a Iewe of nacyon / & he was conuerted & myghtley profyted in the ordre of frere Mynours. & he wrote ouer all the Byble. Or elles he was in y^• yere of our lorde .M.CCC.xxx. & some man saye he was a Braban & y^• his fader & his moder were crystned but for pouerte he vysyted y^• scole of the Iewes / & so he lerned the Iewes langa∣ge / or elles this Nicholaus was informed of the Iewes in his yonge aege. & Hono¦rius the fourth was pope after Martinus two yere / & lytell of hym is wryten / but that he was a temperat man & a dyscre¦te. ¶Nicholaus the fourth was pope af∣ter hym foure yere / this man was a fre∣re Mynor / & alle though he was a good man in hȳself / yet many vnhappy thyn¦ges felle in his tyme to the chirche. For many a batayll was in the cyte thrugh his occasyon / for he drewe to moche to y^• one parte. And after hym there was no pope two yere & .vi. monethes.

¶Of kynge Edwarde that was kynge Henryes sone.

ANd after this kynge Henry reg¦ned Edwarde his sone the wor∣thyes knyght of the worlde in honour / for goddes grace was in hym / for he had the vyctorye of his enmyes / & as soone as his fader was deed / he came to Lon∣don with a noble company of prelates / exles & barons / and all men dyde hym moche honoure. For in euery place that syr Edwarde roode in London / the stre¦tes were couered ouer his heed with syl∣ke of tapyser / & other ryche couerynges And for Ioye of his comynge / the bur∣geys of the cyte caste out att theyr wyn∣dowes golde and syluer hondes full / in tokenynge of loue and worshyp / seruyce and reuerence. And out of the condyte of Chepe ranne whyte wyne and reed / as stremes doth of the water / & euery man dranke therof that wolde at theyr owne wyl. And this kyng Edwarde was crow¦ned and enoynted as ryght heyre of En¦glonde with moche honour. And after masse the kyng wente in to his place to holde a ryall feest amonge them that dy¦de hym honour. And whan he was sette to meete / the kynge Alexander of Scot∣londe came to do hym honour and reue¦rence / with a queyntesye / & an hondred knyghtes with hym well horsyd & aray∣de. And whan they were alyght of theyr stedes / they lete theym goo whether they wolde / & who that myght take them to∣ke at theyr owne wyll / without ony cha¦lenge. And after came syr Edmond kyn¦ge Edwardes brother a curteys knyght & a gentyll of renowne / and the erle of Cornewaylle / and the erle of Glocestre. and after thenne came the erle of Pen∣broke / & the erle of Garenne. And eche of them by themself ladde in theyr hon∣de an hondred knyghtes gayly dysguy∣sed in theyr armes. And whan they were alyghted of theyr horses / they lete them go whether that they wolde / & who that myght them catche / them to haue styll withoute ony chalenge. And whan alle this was done / kyng Edwarde dyde his dylygence and his myght for to amende and dresse the wronges in the beste ma∣nere that he myght to the honour of god and holy chirche / and to mayntene his honour / and to amende the noyaunce of the comyn people.

¶How Ydeyne that was Lewelyns doughter of Walys / prynce Aymer / that was the erles brother of Mounforde we¦re taken in the see.

THe fyrste yere after warde y^• kyn¦ge Edward was crowned Lewe¦lyn prynce of wales sente into Fraunce to the erle Mountforde / y^• thorough coū¦seyll of his frendes / the erle sholde wedde his doughter. And y^• erle tho auysed hȳ vpon this thynge / and sente vnto Lewe¦lny & sayd. that he wolde sende after hys doughter. and so he sent Aymer his bro¦der after the damoysell. & Lewelyn ara¦yed shyppes for his doughter & for Syr Aymer. and for her fayre company that sholde goo with her. And this Lewelyn dyd grete wronge. for it was couenaūted that he sholde yeue his doughter to noo manere man / without counsell and con¦sent of kynge Edwarde. And so it befel that a Burgeys of Brystow came in y^• see with wyne laden: and mette them / & toke them with myght and power. And anone the burgeys sente theym to the kȳ ge. And whan Lewelyn herde this tydȳ ges he was very wrothe / and also sorow full. and gan to warre vpon kynge Ed¦warde / and dyd moche harme vnto En¦glysshmen / and bete downe the kynges castels / and began for to dystroye kyng Edwardes londe: And whan tydynges came vnto the kynge of this thynge / he wente into walys and somoche he dydd thoroughe goddes grace and his greate power / that he drofe Lewelyn vnto gre∣te myscheyf / that he fledde all maner of strenth & came & yelded hym vnto kyn∣ge Edwarde. & yaue hym .l. marke of syl¦uer to haue peas. And toke the damoysel & all his herytage. & made an oblygaciō to kynge Edwarde to come to his parle¦mente two tymes of the yere. And in y^• seconde yere after that kynge Edwarde was crowned / he helde a generall parle¦ment at westmestre / & there he made the statutes for defaute of lawe by the comu¦ne assente of all his baronage / And atte Ester nexte sewenge / the kynge sente by his letter vnto Lewelyn prynce of wales that he sholde come too his parlemente for his londe / & for his holdynge in wa∣les / as the strenthe of his letter oblygato¦ry wytnessyd. Tho Lewelyn had scorne and dyspyte of the kynges commaunde¦ment / And for pure wrathe ayen began werre vpon kynge Edwarde. and dystro¦yed his londes. And tho whanne kynge Edward herd of thyse tydynges. he wex¦ed wonder wrothe vnto Lewelyn and in hast assembled his people / & wente hym toward wales / And warred so vpon Le¦welyn the prynce / tylle that he broughte hym in moche sorowe and dysease. And Lewelyn sawe that his defence myghte hym notte auaylle / and came ayen and yelded hym to the kynges grace 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hym mercye. and longe tyme kneled be∣fore the kynges fote. The kynge 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hym pyte / and commaunded hym for•••• aryse. And for his mekenes foryaue 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his wrathe / and to hym sayd that yf he trespassed to hym a nother tyme that he wold dystroye hym for euermore. ¶Da¦uyd that was Lewelyns broder that sa¦me tyme dwelled with kynge Edwarde and was a felle man and a subtyll and enuyous / and also ferre castynge & mo∣che treason thoughte. and euermore ma∣de good semblaunt and semed so true y^• no man myght perceyue his falines.

¶How Lewelyn thrugh eggynge of his brother Dauyd werryd agayn vpon ky¦ge. Edwarde.

IT was not longe after that tyme that kynge Edwarde yaf to Da¦uyd Lewelyus broder the lordshyppe of Frodesham. & made hym a knyght & so moche honour dyd he neuer after to mā of walys bycause of hym / Kynge Ed∣ward helde his parlement atte London whan he hadde do in walys y^• he wolde and chaunged his money / that was full yll kytte / wherfore the people playned so¦re. so that the kynge enquered of the tres passours. And iii. hūdred were atteynted

of suche maner falsnes / wherfore some were hanged and some drawe and after hangyd. And afterwarde the kynge or∣deyned / that the sterlynge halfpeny and ferthynge sholde go through out all his londe / And commaunded that no man fro that daye afterwarde yaue ne feoffed¦hous of relegyon with londe / tenement without specyall leue of y^• kynge. & he y^• dyde sholde be punysshed at the kynges wyll / and the yefte shall be for noughte And it was not longe after that Lewe∣lyn prynce of wales thrugh the tycemēt of Dauyd his brother / and bothe theyr consent they thought to dysheryte kyng Edward / in asmoche as they myghte / so that thorough them bothe the kynges peas was broken. And whan kynge Ed¦warde herde of this / anone he sent hys. barons into Northumberlonde and the Surreys also / that they sholde go & take theyr vyage vpon the traytours Lewe∣lyn and Dauyd. & wonder herd it was for to warte tho / For it is wynter in wa¦lys•• whan in other countres is Somer. And Lewelyn lete ordeyne and well ara¦ye and vytayll his good castell of Swā¦don. and was therin an huge nombre of people / and plente of vytaylles so y^• kyn¦ge Edward wyst not where for to entre And whan the kynges men it perceyued & also the strenthe of walys / they lete co¦me in the see bargees & botes. and grete plankys as many as they myght ordey¦ne and haue: for to go to the sayd castel of Swandon. with men on fote & alsoo on hors. But y^• walsshmen had so moch people / & were so stronge. y^• they draue y^• Englysshmen ayen / so y^• ther was somo¦che presse of people at y^• tornynge ayen y^• the charge & the burden of men made y^• barges & the botes to synke. & there was drowned many a good knyghte / y^• is to saye. syr Robert Clyfford / syr wyllyam of Lyndeseye. y^• was syr Iohn̄s sone fitz Robert. & syr Rycharde Tanny / and an huge nōbre of other / & all was thrughe ther owne foly. For yf they had had go∣de espyes / they had not be harmyd. whā kynge Edwarde herde tell y^• his people were so drowned. he made sorowe inou∣ghe. but tho came syr Iohn̄ of Vessy frō y^• kynge of Aragō. & brought with hym moche people of bachelers & of Gascoy¦nes / & were souldyours. and dwelled w^t the sayd Iohn̄ of Vessy / and receyued of hym wages and with hym were withol¦de. & noble men they were for to fyght & brente many townes / and slewe moche people of walsshmen. all y^• they myght take. And all tho with strenthe and my¦ght made assawte vnto y^• castell of Swā don and gate the castell / And whan da uyd the prynce brother herde of this ty∣dynges: he ordeyned hym to flyght and Lewelyn the prynce saw that his broder was fledde / then he was sore abasshedde for he hadde no power to his warte for to mayntene. And so Lewelyn gan for to flee / and wende welle for to haue sca∣pedde. But in a morowe syr Roger mor¦tymer mette with hym oonly w^t .x. kny∣ghtes. & sette hym rounde aboute. And to hym went / & smote of his heed / and pre¦sentyd y^• same heed vnto kynge Edwar¦de. And in this manere Lewelyn the prȳ¦ce of walys was taken / & his hede smy∣ten of / and also all his heyres dyshery∣ted for euermore thrugh ryghtfull dome of all the lordes of the reame.

¶How dauyd y^• was Lewelyns broder prynce of walys was putte to dethe.

DAuyd that was y^• prynces broder of walys / thrughe pryde wende too haue he prynce of walys / after hys / brothers dethe / and vppon this he sente after Walsshemen to his parlement at Dynbygh and folysshely made Walys too aryse ayenste kynge and began too meue werre ayenste kynge Edward and dyd all the sorowe and dysease that he myght by his power. Whanne kynge

Edwarde her••e of this thinge / he ordey¦ned men to pursewe vpon hym. and Da¦uyd fyersly hym defended / tylle that he came to the towne of saynt Morice / and there was Dauyd take as he fledde. and ladde to the kynge. And the kynge com¦maūded y^• he sholde be hangyd & draw / en / & smyte of his heed / & quarter hym / and send his hede to London & the four quarters sende to the four chyef townes of walys. for they sholde take ensample therof & beware. And afterwarde kyng Edwarde lete crye his peas thrugh oute all wales & seased all the londe into his honde / & all the grete lordes y^• were lefte alyue came / to do feautee & homage to y^• kynge Edwarde / as to theyr kynde lor∣de / And tho lete kynge Edwarde amen¦de the lawes of walys y^• were defectyue And he sent to all y^• lordes of Walys by letter patentes / y^• they sholde come al to parlemente. And whan they were come the kynge sayd to them full curteysly lor¦dynges ye be welcome / & me behouethe your coūseyll & your helpe for to go into Gascoyne for to amende y^• trespasse y^• to me was done whan I was there. & for to entreate of peas bytwene y^• kynge of A¦ragon & y^• prynce of Morrey / & all y^• kȳ¦ges lyege men erles & barons consented & graunted therto. And tho made hym kynge. Ed / warderedy & went into Gal¦coyne. & lete amende all the trespasses y^• hym was doon inGascoyne. And of y^• debate y^• was bytwene the kynge of Ara¦gon and the prynce of Morrey he sessed and made theym accorded. And whyle good kynge Edwarde and Elynore his wyfe were in Gascoyne. The gode erle of Cornewayll was made Wardeyn of Englonde tyll that kynge Edwarde ca¦me ayen. And tho enquered be of his trai¦tours that coniected falsnesse agaynste hym And eche of them all receyued ther¦dome after that they had deserued. But in the meane tyme that the good kynge Edwarde was beyonde the see / too doo / them for to make amendes that ayenste hym had trespassyd ther was a false the yf / a traytoure that was called Rysapp Merydok / begā for to make werre ayen¦ste kynge Edward. and y^• was for cause of syr Payne Tiptot. wrongfully gre∣ued and dyseased the forsayd Rysap me¦rydok. And whan kynge Edwarde her¦de all this matere & it well vnderstode a none he sente by his letter pryue seale to the forsayd Rebellyon Rysap Merydok y^• he sholde begynne in no manere wyse for to make & reyse werre but y^• he shol¦de be in peas for his loue / & whan he ca¦me ayen into Englonde he wolde vnder take the quarell & amende all that was mysdon. This forsayd Rysap Mer••dok dyspysed the kynges cōmaūdement and spared not to doo all the sorowe that he myght to the kynges men of Englonde But anone after he was take & ladde to Yorke / and there he was drawen & han¦gyd for his felonye.

¶Of dressynge y^• kynge Edward ma∣de of his Iusti••{is} and of his clerkes y^• they had doon for ther falsnes & how he dra¦ue the Iewes out of Englonde for ther vsury and myshyle••e.

AS kynge Edwarde hadde dwel¦led thre yere in Gascoyne a desi¦re came to hym for to goo into Englon¦de ayen. And whanne he was come ayē he founde so many playntes made to hȳ of his Iustyces and of his clerkes that hadde done so many wronges and fals∣nesse that wonder it was to here. and for whiche falsnesse syr Thomas waylond the kynges Iustice / forswore Englonde at the toure of London / for falsnesse that men put vpon hym / wherfore he was at¦teynt / and proued fals. And anone after whan y^• kynge had done his wyll of the Iustices tho lete he enquere & espye how the Iewes dysceyned & begyled his peo∣ple / thorough the synne of falsnesse and

of vsury. And lete ordeyne a preuy par∣lement amonge his lordes. And they or / deyned amonge theym / y^• all the Iewes. sholde voyde out of Englonde for theyr mysbyleue / & also for theyr fals vsurye that they dyd vnto crysten men. And for to spede. and make an ende of this thyn¦ge / all the comynalte of Englonde yaue vnto the kynge the .xv. peny of all theyr goodes meuable / & soo were the Iewes dryuen out of Englonde. And tho went y^• Iewes into Fraunce. & there they dwel¦lyd / thrugh leue of kynge Phylyp y^• tho. was kynge of Fraunce.

¶How kynge Edwarde was seased in all the londe of Scotlonde / thrugh con∣sente & graūt of all y^• lordes of scotlōde

IT was not longe after that alex andre / kynge of Scotlond was de¦de / and Dauyd the erle of Huntyngdon that was the kynges brother of Scotlō¦de axyd & claymed y^• kyngdom of Scot¦londe after that hys brother was deed / for cause that he was ryghtfulle heyre / But many grete lordes sayd nay. wher∣fore greate debate arose bytwene theym and ther frēdes / for asmoche as they wol¦de not consente to his coronacyon / & the meane tyme the forsayd Dauyd deyed / And so it befell that y^• sayd Dauyd had thre doughters / that worthyly were ma∣ryed / The fyrste doughter was maryed to Bailol / the seconde to Brus / and the thyrde to Hastynges. The forsayd Bay¦lol & Brus chalenged y^• londe of Scot∣londe / & grete debate & stryf arose bytwe¦ne hē. by cause eche of thē wolde haue be kynge. And whan the lordes of Scotlon¦de saw y^• debate bytwene thē / came to kȳ¦ge Edwarde of Englonde. & seased hȳ¦in all y^• lond of Scotlonde as chyef lord And whan the kynge was seased of the forsayd lordes / the forsayd Baylol Brus and Hastynges came to the kynges cour¦te / and axyd of the kynge whiche of thē sholde be kynge of Scotlonde And kyn¦ge Edwarde that was full gentyll and true / lete enquere by y^• Cronycles of scot¦londe / and of the grettest lordes of Scot¦londe / whiche of them was of the eldest blood. And it was founde that Baylol / was the eldest. and y^• the kynge of Scot¦londe sholde holde of the kynge of En¦glonde / and do hym feaute and homa / ge. And after this was done Bailol wē¦te into Scotlonde / & there was crowned kynge of Scotlonde. ¶And the same ti¦me was vpon the see grete warre bytwe ne the Englysshmen and the Normans But vpon a tyme. the Normans arry∣ued all at Douer. & there they martred an holy man that was called Thomas of Douer / And afterward were the Nor¦mans slayne. y^• there escaped not one of them. ¶And so afterwarde kynge Ed∣warde sholde lese the duchye of Gascoy¦ne thrugh kynge philyp of Fraūce thru¦ghe his fals castynge of the Dousepers of the londe / wherfore syr Edmonde y^• was kynge Edwardis brother yaue vp his homage vnto the kynge of Fraunce. ¶And in that tyme the clerkes of En∣glond graunted to kynge Edwarde hal¦fe deale of holy chirche goodes / in hel∣pynge too recouer his londe agayne in / Gascoyne. And the kynge sent thethere a noble company of his bachelers. And hymself wolde haue gone to Po••tesmon the / but he was let thrugh one Maddok of walys that hadde seased the castell of Swandon into his honde / and for that cause the kynge tomed to walys at Crist masse And bycause that the noble lord{is} of Englonde that were sent into Gas∣coyne hadde no comforth of ther lorde y^• kynge they were take of syr Charlys of Fraunce / that is to say / syr Iohn̄ of bry¦tayne / syr Roberte Tiptot / syr Rau••e Tanny / syr Hughe Bardolfe / and syr Adam of Cretynge / And yet at the As¦censyon was Maddok take in Walys / and a nother that was called Morgan.

and they were sent to the tour of Londō and there they were byheded.

¶How syr Iohn̄ Baylol kynge of scot¦londe with sayd his homage.

ANd whan syr Iohn̄ Baylol kȳ ge of Scotlond vnderstode that kynge Edwarde was werred in Gas∣coyne / to whome y^e reame of Scotlonde was delyuerd / Falsly tho ayenst his oth w^t sayd his homage thrugh procurynge of his folke & sent vnto y^e courte of Ro∣me thrugh a fals suggestyon to be asso¦ylled of y^e othe y^t he swore vnto y^e kynge of Englōde & so he was by letter enbul¦led. ¶Tho chose they of Scotlonde dou¦sepers / for to benȳme Edwarde of hys ryght. ¶And in y^t tyme came two Car¦dynalles from y^e courte of Rome. fro the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Celestine / to trete of acorde bytwe¦ne the kynge of Fraunce & the kynge of Englonde. And as tho cardynalles spa¦ke of acorde. Thomas turbeluyll was ta¦ken at Lyōs & made homage to y^• warde of Parys & putt his sones in hostage / & thought to go into Englonde to aspye y^e countre / and tell them whan he came to Englonde that he had broken the kyn∣ges pryson of Fraunce by nyght & sayd y^t he wolde do that all Englysshmen & walsshmen sholde abowte the kynge of Fraūce. And this thyng for to brynge to the ende he swore / & vpon this couenaūt dedes were made bytwene them / and y^t he sholde haue by yere a thousand poun¦des worth of londe. to brynge this thyn∣ge too an ende. This fals traytour toke his leue / & wente thens and came intoo Englonde vnto the kynge & sayd. y^t he was broke out of pryson & y^t he had put hym in suche peryll for his loue wherfor the kyng cowde hym moche thanke and full gladde was of his comynge. ¶And the fals traytoure fro that daye / aspyed all the doynge of the kynge and also his counselle / for the kynge loued hym full well and was with hym full preuy But a clerke of Englonde / y^t was in the kyn¦ges hous of Fraunce: herde of this trea∣son / and of the falsnesse / & wrote to ano¦ther clerke y^t tho was dwellynge w^t Ed¦ward kynge of Englonde. all how tho∣mas Turbeluyll had done his fals con¦iectynge / and all the counsell of Englō¦de was wryte for to haue sende vnto the kynge of Fraūce. And thrugh y^e forsayd letter y^t the clerke had sente fro Fraūce it was foūde vpon hym. wherfor he was led to London & hangyd & drawe there for his treason. And his two sones that he had put in Fraunce for hostage. were thenne beheeded.

¶Of the Conquest of Berwyke.

SO whan the twoo Cardynalles were gone agayne into Fraunce for to trete of the peas of Cambroy the kynge sent thether of his Erles and ba∣rons. That is to saye syr Edmonde his broder erle of Lancastre & of Lecetre syr Henry Lacy erle of Nicholl / & wyllya•• Vessy Baron / and of other baronettes. abowte .xiii. of the best and wysest of en¦glonde. ¶And in the same tyme the kȳ¦ge Edwarde toke his vyage to Scotlon¦de / for to were vpon Iohn̄ Baylol kyn¦ge of Scotlonde. ¶And syr Robert Ro¦os of Berewyk fledde fro the Englysh¦men. And wente to the Scottes. And kȳ¦ge Edwarde wente hym towarde Bar∣wyk / and besegyd the towne. And thoo that were within / manly them defended and sette a fyre and brente two of kyn∣ge Edwarde shyppes / and sayd in dys∣pyte and repreyf of hym (wenyth kynge Edwarde with his longe shankys too haue gete Berewyk all our vnthankes gas pykes hym / and whan he has doon gas dykes hym) whan kynge Edwarde herde this scorne / anone thrugh his my∣ghtynesse / be passed ouer the dyches and assaylled the towne / and came to the ya¦••es

and gate and conquered the towne / and thrughe his gratyous power slewe xxv. thousād & .vij. hondred scottes. & kȳ ge Edward lost no man of renoune sauf¦fyr Rychard of Cornewayle. & hym kyl¦led a Flemynge out of the redde halle w^t a quarell as the forsayde Rycharde dyd of his helme. and commaunded theym for to yelde them / & put them in the kȳ∣ges grace. and the Scottes wolde notte wherfore that halle was brent and caste downe. & all tho that were therin were brent and kynge Edwarde lost no moo men at that vyage of symple estate but .xxvii. englysshmen. And the wardeyn of the castell yaue vp the keyes of the castel wythout ony assawte. And there was ta¦ken syr wyllyam Douglas & Symond Frysell and the erle patryk yeldyd them to the peas. But Ingham of Humlres∣mylle & Robert the Brus y^t were wyth. kynge Edwarde forsoke kynge Edwar¦de & helde with the Scottes. And after¦warde they were taken & put into prysō And thoo lete kynge Edwarde close in Berewyk with walles & with dyches / & after Robert Rous went to Tyndale / & set wuyerbrydge a fyre & Exham / & La¦merstok and slew & robbyd y^e folke of y^• coūtre. And after y^t he went fro thens to Dunbatre. And the fyrst wenesdaye of Marche the kynge sent the erle of Ga∣renne. syr. Hugh Percy and syre Hughe Spenser with a fayre company for too besege the castell. But one that was cal¦led syr Rycharde Sywarde a traytoure and a fals man / ymagyned for to begy¦le the Englysshemen / And sente too the Englysshmen theym for to desceyue / & sayd / That he wolde yelde to theym the castell. yf they wolde graunte them .viii dayes of respyte / that he myght sende & telle too Syr Iohan Baylol that was kynge of Scotlonde / howe his men fa∣red that were within the castell / ¶And sende hym worde but / yf he wolde reme∣ne the sege of the Englysshe men / that they wolde yelde the castell vntoo the en¦glysshe men. ¶The messenger thoo ca¦me to syr Iohn̄ Baylol that thoo was kynge of Scotlonde where that he was with his hooste / and the messengre told hym alle the caas / And syre Iohn̄ toke his hoste and came on the morowe erly towarde the castell. and syr Rycharde sy¦warde sawe hym come that was mays∣ter of the counsell & keper of the castell & sayd vntoo the Englysshmen Osayd he. nowe Ise a fayre company & well ap¦pareylled I woll go ayenste theym / and with them too mete / and theym assaylle And syr Hugh Spenser sawe the fals∣nesse of hym and the treason. and sayde to hym O traytour take and proue your falsnesse shall not auaylle you. And hu∣ghe Spencer cōmaunded anone to byn¦de hym. and all in hast went ayenst ther enmyes / & slewe of y^• Scottes .xxii. thou sande. For the Scottes had y^• tyme noo man wyth them of honour sauf Patryk Graham that manly foughte / & longe and at the last he was slayne. And thoo sayd the Englysshmen in repreyf of the Scottes (Thyse scaterande Scottes hol¦de I for scottes of wrenches vnware. Er¦ly in a mornynge in an euyll tymynge / wente ye fro Dunbare. ¶As tho y^• wa∣re within the castell sawe y^• scomfyture they yelded vp the castell vnto y^• Englys¦shemen. and bounde theyr bodyes godes and castels to kynge Edwarde. And so there were take in that castell thre erles vii. barons. and .xxxviii. knyghtes & .xi. clerkes / and .vii. Pycardys & all were pre¦sentyd to kynge Edwarde. And he sent them to y^• towre of Londō to be kept.

¶Howe kynge Edwarde of his greate grace delyuerede ayen the Scottes oute of pryson that were cheyftayns of that londe / and they drew them to the Frens¦shemen thrugh couseyll of wyllyam wa¦leys.

AS kynge Edwarde had made tho an ende of the werre. & takē the cheyfteyns of Scotlonde. thoo came syr Iohn̄ Baylol & yelded hym vnto kȳ ge Edwarde / & put hym in his grace & he was ledde to London / & whan kynge Edwarde was come thether / they were brought before hym / And the kynge ax∣yd how they wolde make amendes / of y^• trespaas and losse y^• they hadde doon to hym / & they put heym in his mercy. Lor¦dynges sayd y^• kynge I wyll not of your londes ne your goodes / but I wyll y^• ye make to me an othe vpon goddys body to be true te me / & neuer after this tyme ayenst me bere armys. And all they con¦sentyd to the kynges wyll. & swore vpon goddys body. That is to saye syr Iohn̄ of Comyn. y^• erle of y^• Strathorn / y^• Er¦le of Carryk / & also four bysshops vn∣dertoke for all y^• clergye / & so y^• kynge de¦lyuerd them / & yaue them sauf conduyt to go into ther owne londe. And it was not longe afterward y^• they nearyse ayē kynge Edwarde / for cause y^• they wyste well y^• kynge Edwarde folke was take / in Gsacoyne / as before is sayd But syr Iohn̄ Baylol kynge of Scotlonde wyst well y^• his londe sholde haue sorow and shame / for theyr falsnesse. And in haste went hym ouer see to his owne londes & there he helde hym and came neuer ayē wherfore the Scottes chose vnto theyre kynge wyllyam waleys / a rybaude and an harlot comen vp of nought / and mo¦che harme dyd to the Englysshmen and kynge Edward thought how he myght haue delyueraunce of his people y^• were take in Gascoyne. And in hast went hȳ ouer these in Flaundres for to werre vp¦pon the kynge of Fraunce. And the erle of Flaundres receyued hym with moch honoure & graūtyd hym alle his londys at his owne wyll. And whan y^• kynge of Fraūce herde tell y^• the kynge of Englō¦de was aryued in Flaundres and came with a grete power hym for to dystroye. he prayed hym of trewto for two yere / so that the Englysshe marchauntes and also Frenche myghte saufly go & come in bothe sydes. The kyng Edward gea¦unted it. so that he muste haue his men out of pryson y^• were in Gascoyne & the kynge of Fraūce anone graūted and so they were delyuerd. ¶And in y^• same ty¦me y^• Scottes sent by the bysshop of sa¦ynt andrewes in to Fraunce to y^• kynge & to syr Charles his brother. y^• syr Char¦les sholde come with his power & they of Scotlonde wolde come with theyr pow¦er / & so they sholde go into Englonde / y^• londe to dystroye from Scotlonde vnto they came to Kent. And y^• Scottes trus¦tyd moche vpon y^• Frensshmen but of y^• thynge they had no manere graunte & netheles the Scottes began to robbe and kylle in Northūberlonde / & dydd moche harme.

¶How wyllyam waleys lete reyse the londe of Scotlonde as cheyf lorde. And syr Hughe of Cressynham / & of the ba∣taylle of Fonkyrke.

AS tydynges was come to kyng Edward y^• wylliam waleys had ordeyned suche a stronge power. and al∣so that all Scotlonde to hym was atten¦daunt and redy for to ••lee Englyssh••e and to dystoye the londe / he was sore a∣noyed / and sente anone by letter to ther¦le of Garienne / to syr Henry Perry & to wyllyam Latomer and too syer Hughe of Cressynham his cresorer y^• they shol¦de take power / & go into Northumber / londe. & so forth into Scotlonde. for too kepe y^• coūtrees and whan wyllyam wa¦leys herde of theyr comȳge. be began to flee & the Englysshmen hym folowed & drout hym tyll he came to S••ryu••lyn & there he helde hym in the castell. And y^• walsshmen euery daye them escryed & menacyd / and dyd all the dyspyer that they myght soo that the Englysshemen

vpon a tyme in a mornynge wente oute fro the castell / the moūtenaunce of .x. mi¦les / and passed ouer a brydge / and wyl∣lyam waleys came with a stronge pow¦er / and droue theym abak / for the En∣glysshmen had ayenst hym no power tho but fledde. and they that myght take the brydge scaped. but syr Hugh the kynges tresorer there was slayne / and many o∣ther also / wherfore was made moche so¦rowe. ¶Tho had kynge Edward sped all his maters in Flaundres / & was co∣me ayen into Englonde / & in hast toke his way into Scotlonde / & came theder¦at y^• Ascencyon tyde. & all y^• he foūde he sette a fyre & brent / But the poore peo∣ple of Scotlonde came too hym wonder thyck & prayed hym for goddys loue / y^• he wolde on them haue Mercy and pyte wherfore tho the kynge cōmaunded y^• no man sholde do them harme y^• were yol∣den to hym / ne to no man of ordrene to no hous of relygyon / ne no manere chir¦che. But lete espye all y^• he myght wher y^• he myght fynde ony of his enmyes tho came a spye vnto y^• kynge & tolde where y^• the Scottes were assembled too abyde bataylle. And on saynt Mary Mawde∣leyns daye / the kynge came to Fonkyrk and yaue bataylle to the Scottes and at that batayle were slayn .xxx. thousande Scottes / and of Englysshemen .xviii. & no mo. Of y^• whiche was a worthy kny¦ght slayn̄e y^• was a knyght hospytylere y^• was callyd Frery brian Iay. For whan wyllyam waleys fledde from y^• batayll y^• same Frery brian hym pursewed fiers ly / & as his hors ranne it stert in a myre of a marys vp to the bely. and wyllyam waleys torned tho agayne and there sle∣we the forsayd brian. and that was mo¦che harme. ¶And that whyle kynge Ed¦warde wente thorough Scotlonde / For to enquere yf he myght fynde ony of his enmyes. And in that londe he dwelled / as longe as hym lyked / And there was no enmye that durst hym abyde. ¶And soone after kynge Edwarde wente too Southampton for he wolde not abyde / in Scotlonde in wynter season / for ese∣ment of his people. And whan he came to London / he lete amende many mysde¦dys y^• were done ayenst his peas & law∣es he beynge in Flaūdres.

¶Of the laste maryage of kynge Ed∣warde / and how he wente the thyrde ty¦me into Scotlonde.

ANd after it was ordeyned thru∣ghe the court of Rome / y^• kynge Edwarde sholde wedde dame Marga∣rete / y^• was kynge Phylip syster of Fraū¦ce. And the archebysshop Robert of wȳ chelse spousyd them togyders / thrugh y^• whiche maryage there was made peas / bytwene kynge Edwarde of Englonde & kynge Philyp of Fraūce. ¶Kyng Ed¦warde went tho y^• thyrde tyme into scot¦lond & tho within y^• fyrst yfre he had en¦famyned y^• londe / so that he left not one that he ne came to his mercye. sauf such as were in the castell of Estreuelyn that well were vytaylled & stored for .vii yere

¶How the castell of Estreuelyn was be seged and wonne.

BYnge Edwarde came to the cas∣tell of Estreuelyn w^t a huge pow¦er and besegyd the castell / but it lytyll a¦uaylled. for he myght do y^• Scottes no∣ne harme / for y^• castell was so stronge & well kept. & kynge Edwarde sawe y^• & bethought hym vpon a queyntesy. & lett make anone two payr of hygh galowes before y^• tour of y^• castell. & made his o∣the that as many as were within y^• cas¦tell. Notwithstandynge were he Erle or Baron / and he were take with strength but yf he wolde the rather hym yelde / he sholde be hangyd vppon y^• same galow¦es. And whan tho that were within the castell herde this. they came & yelde them

all to the kynges grace and mercy / & the kynge foryaa•• them all his male talent and there were all y^• grete lordes of scot¦londe swore to kynge Edwarde / y^• they shold come to London to euery parlemēt and sholde stonde to his ordynaunce.

¶How Troylebastō was fyrst ordened

THe kynge Edwarde went thens to London / and wende to haue had reste and peas of his warre in whi¦che werre he was occupyed .xx. yere. that is to saye in Gascoyne in Walys and in Scotlonde / and thought how he myght recouer his tresour that he had spended abowte his werre / & lete enquere thrugh the reame of all the tyme that he hadde be out of his reame y^• men called Troil¦lebaston and ordeyned therto Iustices / and in this manere he recouered tresour without nombre: And his purpose was for to haue goon into the holy londe / to haue werred vppon goddes enmyes / by cause he was crossyd longe tyme before And netheles the law y^• he had ordeyned dyd moche good thrugh out all Englon¦de. to them y^• were myshode. For thoo y^• trespassed were well chastysed. and after more meke & better / & the poore comyns were in reste and peas. And the same ty¦me kynge Edwarde prysoned his owne sone Edwarde / by cause that walter of Lanton bysshop of Chestre / y^• was y^• kȳ ges tresorer had complayned on hym & sayd y^• forsayd Edwarde thrugh coūsell & entysynge of one Ganaston a squyre of Gascoyne had broke y^• park{is} of the forsayd bysshop. & this Pers coūselyd & lad y^• same Edwarde & for y^• cause y^• kȳ¦ge exyled his sone out of Englonde.

¶Of the dethe of wyllyam waleys the fals traytoure.

ANd whan this kynge Edward hadde his enemyes ouercome in Walys / Gascoyne and Scotlonde and dystroyed his traytours / all but only that rybaude wyllyam waleys / that neuer to the kynge wolde hym yelde / and att the towne of saynt Domynyk. in the yere of kynge Edward regne .xxxiii. y^• fals tray¦tour was take & presentyd to the kynge But the kynge wolde not see hym / but sent hym to London to receyue his Iuge¦ment: and vpon saynt Barthylme••s e¦ue was he hangyd and drawe / & his he¦desmyte of & his bowelles take oute of his body and brent / & his body quarteres and sent vnto foure of the best townes of Scotlonde / & his heed put vpon a spe¦re. and sette vpon London brydge. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 en¦sample that the Scottes sholde haue in mynde for to do a mysse ayenst ther lye¦ge lorde eftsones.

¶How the Scottes came to kynge Ed¦warde for too amende theyr 〈◊〉〈◊〉 they had done ayenst hym.

ANd at Mygkelmas tho next co∣mynge kynge Edwarde helde his parlemēt at westmester & thy•••••• ca¦me y^• scottes / y^• is to saye y^• bysshop of sa¦ynt andrewes: Robert y^• Brus erle of ca¦ryk. Symonde Frysell / Iohn̄ y^• erle of A¦thell & they were accorded w^t y^• kynge & boūde & by othe swore / y^• they afterwar∣de yf ony of them mysbare them ayenst kynge Edwarde y^• they sholde he dyshe¦ryted for euermore. And whan theyr pe¦as was thus made they toke theyr leue pryuely / & went horne into Scotlonde /

¶Howe Robert Brus chalenged Scot¦londe.

SO after this Roberte the Brus Erle of Caryk sente by hys let∣ters to the Erles and barons of Scot∣londe that they sholde come too hym to Scone in the morowe after the Concep¦cion of our lady for grete ••edis of y^• lōde

And the lordes came at the day assygned And the same day syr Robert the Brus sayd Fayre lordes full well ye knowe / y^ts in my persone dwellyd the ryght of the reame of Scotlonde / & as ye wote well I am ryghtfull heyre. syth y^• syr Iohn̄ ba¦ylol that was oure kynge vs hath forsa¦ke / & lefte his londe. and though it so be that kynge Edwarde of Englonde w^t wronfull power hath made me too hym assent ayenst my wyll / yf y^t ye wyl graū¦te y^• I may be kynge of Scotlōde I shal kepe you ayenst kynge Edwarde of en∣londe / & ayenste all manere men / & w^e that worde y^• abbot of Scon / arose vp / & before them all sayde / y^• it was reason for to helpe hȳ & y^e londe to kepe & defen¦de. And tho sayd in presence of them al y^• he wolde geue hym a thousand poūde for to mayntene y^e londe. & all the othere graūted y^• londe to hym / & w^t ther pow¦er hym for to helpe / & defyed kynge Ed¦warde of Englonde. & sayd that Robert Brus / sholde be kynge of Englonde.

¶How syr Iohn̄ of Comyn ayenst sayd the crownynge of syr Robert Brus.

LOrdynges sayd syr Iohn̄ of co∣myn. thynke on y^• truth & othe ye made to kynge Edwarde of Englonde & touchynge myselfe I wyll nott breke myn othe for no man / & so he wente frō y^• company at y^e tyme. wherfore Roberte y^• Brus & all tho y^• to hym consented we¦re wrothe / & menaced syr Iohn̄ of comȳ Tho ordened they another counsell att Dumfris too whiche came y^• forsayd syr Iohn̄ of Comyn / for he dwelled but two myle fro Dumfris. ther he was wont to soiourne and abyde.

¶How syr Iohn̄ was traytonrsly slayn

SO whan Robert the Brus wyst that all the greate lordes were co¦me of Scotlonde to Scone / saufe Syr Iohn̄ Comyn y^• soiourned thonygh scon he sent specyally after the sayd syr Iohn̄ to come and speke with hym / And vpō that he came & spake w^t hym at y^• gray freres in Dumfris & that was y^e thurs∣day after Candelmasse day. & syr Iohn̄ graunted to go with hym. And whanne he had herde masse / he toke a soppe and dranke & afterwarde he bestrode his pal¦froy & rode to Dumfris / whan Robert the Brus fawe hym come at a wyndow as he was in his chambre made Ioy in¦ough / & came ayenst hym / & collyd hym aboute the necke / & made with hym go¦de semblaūt. And whan all the erles & barons of Scotlonde were there present Robert the Brus sayd syrs ye wote wel the cause of this comynge & wherfore it is. yf ye wyll graunt y^• I be kynge of scot¦londe as ryght heyre of the londe. And all the lordes that were there sayd with on voys. that he sholde be crowned kȳg of Scotlond. & y^• they wolde hym helpe & mayntene ayenst all maner men on li¦ue / & for hym yf it were nede to deye / y^• gentyll knyght tho Iohn̄ of Comyn an¦swerd Certes neuer for me. ne for to ha¦ue of me asmoche helpe as the value of a boton. For that othe that I haue ma∣de vnto kynge Edwarde of Englonde I shall holde while my lyfe woll laste. And with that worde he went from y^• cō pany & wolde alyght vpon his palfroy. & Robert Brus pursewed hym with a drawen swerde / & bare hym thrugh y^• body & syr Iohn̄ Comyn fell downe vn¦to y^e erthe. But whan Roger y^• was syr Iohn̄ Comyns broder saw y^• falinesse. he stert to syr Robert the Brus & smote hym with a knyfe. but the fals traytour was armyd vnder. so that y^• stroke my∣ght do hym no harme. and somoche hel¦pe came about syr Robert y^• Br{us} so y^t to bert Comyn was ther slaȳ & all to heren in to peces. & Robert y^• Brus torned ayen there that syr Iohan Comyn the noble baron lay wounded. and pyued to¦warde

his dethe / besyde the hygh awter in the chyrche of the gray freres / and sa¦yd vnto syr Iohn̄ Comyn O traytoure thou shalt be dede / and neuer after lette myn auauncement / and shoke his swer¦de at the hygh awter. and smote hym on his heed / that the brayne felle downe vp¦pon the grounde / and the blood sterte on hygh vpon the walles / and yet vnto this daye is that blood seen there / that no wa¦ter may wasshe it awaye. And so deyed that noble knyght in holy chirche.

ANd whan this traytour Robert the Brus sawe. y^t no man wolde lette his coronacyon / he cōmaunded all them y^t were of power sholde come vnto his crownynge to saynt Iohans towne in Scotlonde. And so it befell vpon our lady daye the Annūctacōn. the bysshopp of Glaston & the bysshop of saynt An∣drewes crowned for ther kynge this Ro¦bert y^• Brus in saynt Iohans towne / & made hym kynge. And anone after he droue all thenglysshmen out of Scotlon¦de. And they fled. & came & compleyned them vnto kynge Edwarde / how y^• Ro¦bert the Brus had dryue them out of y^• londe / and dysheryted theym.

¶Howe that kynge Edwarde dubbyd at westmestre .xxiiij. score knyghtes.

ANd whan kynge Edwarde her¦de of this myscheyf / he swore y^• he sholde be auenged therof / and sayde / That all the traytours of Scotlonde sholde be hangyd and drawen / and that they sholde neuer be raunsonned. ¶And kynge Edward thought vpon / this fals¦nesse that the Scottes hadde to hym do¦ne. And sente after alle the bachelers of Englonde / that theye sholde come vnto London at wytsontyde / & he dubbyd at westmestre .xxiiij. score knyghtes ¶Thō ordened y^• noble kynge Edwarde for to go into scotlōde / to werre vpon Robert y^• Brus / And sent before hym into Scot∣londe syr Aymer the valaūce erle of Pen¦broge. & syr Henry Percy baron with a fayre company / y^• pursewed the Scottes & brente townes & castels. and afterwar¦de came the kynge hymself with erles / and barons a fayre company.

¶How Robert Brus was dyscōfyted / in bataylle / & howe Symonde Fryselle was slayne.

THe Fryday next before the Ass••s̄¦cyon of our lady kynge Edwar de mette Robert Brus besyde saynt Io¦hans towne in Scotlonde & with his cō pany / of the whiche company kyng Ed¦warde slewe .vij. thousande / whan Ro∣bert Brus sawe this myscheyf he begā to flee / & hydde hym y^t no man myghte hym fynde / But syr Symonde Frysell pursewed hym sore / so y^• he torned aren & aboode bataylle / for he was a worthy knyghte and a bolde of body. And then glysshmen pursewed euer sore in euerye syde & slewe the stede that syr Symonde rode vpon / & they toke hym / & lad hym vnto the hoste. And syr Symonde begā for to flatre & speke fayre / and sayd lor¦des I shall yeue you four thousand mar¦ke of syluer / myn hors / harneys and all myn armoure / & become a begger. Tho answerd Theobaude of Peuenes y^• was the kynges archere. Now so god me hel∣pe it is for noughte y^• thou spekeste. For all the golde in Englonde I wolde not lete y^• go w^t oute cōmaūdement of kyng Edwarde / & tho was he had vnto kynge Edward & the kynge wolde not se hym but cōmaūded to lede hym away / to ha¦ue his dome atte London. & on our ladi¦es eue Natiuite he was hanged & drawe & his heed smyte of. & hangyd ayen with chey••es of yren vpon the galowes. And his heede was set vpon London brydge vpon a sperr•• & ayenst Crystemasse the bodye was brente bycause that the men /

that kepte y^• body by nyght they saw so many deuyls rampynge with grete yrē hokes / rennȳge vpon y^• galowes & horri¦ble tormēted y^• body. & many y^• thē sawe anone after they deyed for drede / & some wexed mad / or sore syknes they had. and in that batayll was take the bysshop of Baston & the bysshop of saynt Andrew¦es / and the abbot of Sconne all armyd with yren as men of armes. as fals tray¦tours and fals prelates ayenste theyr o∣the. And they were brought to the kyng and the kynge sente them vnto the pope of Rome. that he sholde do with theym what his wyll were.

¶How Iohn̄ therle of Alethes was ta∣ken and put to dethe.

ANd at that bataylle fled syr Io¦han erle of Alethes / & wente to a chyrche / and there hydde hym for dre¦de / but he myght haue there noo refute for cause that the chirche was enterdy∣ted thrugh a generall sentence / and in y^• same chirche he was taken. And this sir Iohn̄ went well too haue scaped fro the dethe / for cause that he claymed kynred of kynge Edwarde. And the kynge wol¦de no lēger be bytrayed of his traytours but sent hym to london in haste. & there was hangyd and his heed smyt of / and his body brent all to asshes. But at the prayer of the quene Margarete / for cau¦se that he claymed of kynge Edwarde kynrede / his drawynge was foryeue hȳ.

¶How Iohn̄ that was wyllyam wale∣ys brother was put to dethe.

AS the gretteste maysters of scot¦londe were thus doon to euyll de¦the / and destroyed for theyr falsnesse. Io¦han. that was wyllyam waleys brother was take and doon vnto deth. as syr Io¦han erle of Alehes was.

¶How Robert the Brus fled from scot¦londe to Northway.

ANd at that same tyme was Ro¦bert y^• Brus moche hated amon¦ge the people of Scotlonde / soo that he wyste not what he was beste to do and for to hyde hym he went to Norway to the kynge that had spousyd his syster. & there helde hym socour for to haue. and Robert the Brus myght not be founde in Scotlonde. So kynge Edwarde tho lete crye his peas thrugh out all the lon∣de / and his lawes were vsyd / & his my∣nystrys serued thrugh out all the londe.

¶Howe kynge Edwarde deyed.

SO as kynge Edwarde had aba∣tyd his enemyes turned southwar¦de. and sykned at Burgh vpon sande in the marche of scotlonde. and callyd too hym Henry Lacy erle of Nichol. syrguy erle of warwyk. syr Aylmer erle of Pen¦broke / and syr Robert of Clyfforde ba∣ron and prayed theym vpon the fayth y^• they hym ought / that they sholde make Edwarde of Carnaruan kynge of En¦glonde assone as they myghte. And that they sholde not suffre Peers of Ganas¦ton come agayne into Englonde / for to make his sone to ryot / and they graun∣ted hym with good wyll. And the kynge toke his sacrament of holy chirche as a good Crysten man sholde. and deyed in repentaunce / and whan he had ben kyn¦ge .xxxv. yere he deyed: and was buryed at westmestre with moche solempnyte / Vpon whose soule god haue mercy.

¶Of Merlyns prophecyes that were de¦clared of kynge Edwarde. y^t was kyng Henryes sone.

OF this kynge Edwarde prophecy¦ed Merlyn / and called hym a dra¦gon the seconde of y^• .vi. kynges y^• sholde

regne in Englonde and sayde / that he sholde be medled with mercy / and also with strenth and sternesse. that sholde ke¦pe Englonde from colde and hete. And that he sholde opene his mouthe toward walys and that he sholde sette his foote in wyk & that he sholde close with wal∣wes / that sholde do moche harme to his sede. And he sayd sothe. for the good kȳ¦ge Edwarde was medled with mercye and with fyersnesse / with mercy ayenste his enmyes of walys / & after of Scotlō∣de w••th fyernesse / whan he put them to dethe for ther falsnesse / & traytoursly as they had deserued. And well keped he en¦glonde from colde & heet / syth he kept it from all maner of enmyes that ran vp¦pon hym to do hym ony wronge. ¶And well he opened his mouth towarde wa∣lys / & made it quake thrughe hydour of his mouthe / whan he conqueryd it thru¦ghe dynt of swerd. For the prynce Lewe¦lyn & Dauyd his brother. Ris and Mor¦gan. were put to deth thrugh theyr fals∣nesse and theyr foly / And he sette his fo¦te into wyk / & conquerd Berwyk at the whiche conquest were slayne .xxv. thou∣sande & .vii hondred / out take suche as were brent in the redde halle. ¶And the walles y^t he lete make shall be noyous / vnto his sede. as men shall here after in y^• lyf of syr Edward of Carnaruan his sone And yet sayd merlyn y^t he shold ma¦ke ryuers ren in blood & w^t brayne. & y^• semyd well in his werres ther as he had y^• maystry. And yet Merlyn sayd y^• ther sholde come a people out of y^• northwest durynge y^• regne of y^• forsayd dragon y^• shold be lad by an yll greyhoūde / y^t shold the dragon crowne kynge. y^t afterward shold fle ouer y^• se for drede of y^e dragō without comynge ayen. & y^• was proued by syr Iohn̄ Baylol y^t kynge Edwarde made to be kynge of Scotlōde. y^• falsly arose ayenst hym. & after he fled to his owne lond{is} of Fraūce / & neuer he came ayen in to Scotlonde for drede of kyng Edwarde: And yet sayd Merlyn: y^• peo∣ple that sholde lede the sayd greyhoūde sholde be faderles vnto a certayne tyme soth he sayd. For y^e people of Scotlonde gretly were dysesyd after syr Iohn̄ bayl¦lol was fled. And Merlyn sayd the sone sholde become in his tyme as redde as ony blood in tokenynge of grete morta lyte of people. And that was knowe wel whan y^e Scottes were slayne. And syth sayd Merlyn / y^• same dragon shold nou¦rysshe a Fox. y^t sholde meue grete w••re ayenste hym / y^t sholde not in his tyme be ended / & that semed well by Robert the Brus. that kynge Edwarde nourysshed in his chambre that sythen stale away & meued grete werre ayenst hym whiche werre was nott ended in his tyme And yet sayd Merlyn y^t the dragon shold dep in y^e marche of an other londe / & that his londe sholde be longe withoute a goo•••• keper. And y^• men sholde wepe for his de the from the yle of Shephey vnto y^• yle of Mercyll / wherfore alas shall be theyr songeamonge the comyn people fader / les in the lond wastyd. And that prophe¦cye was knowe ouer all full well. For y^• good kynge Edwarde deyed at Burgh vp sandys / that is vpon the Marche of Scotlonde where the Englysshmen we¦re dyscomforted and sorowed in Northū¦berlonde / For cause that kynge Edwar¦des sone set by the Scottes no force. for the ryot of Peers of Ganaston / wherfo¦re alas was the songe thrughe oute all Englonde for defawte of theyr goode wardeyne / from y^• yle of Shephey vnto the yle of Marcill the people mad mo / the sorowe for good kynge Edwardes / dethe. ¶For they wend that gode kyng Edwarde sholde haue gone into the ho¦ly londe / For y^• was hooly his purpoos / ¶Vpon whoos soule god for his hygh & Ingynyte grace haue mercy.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.C.C.lxxxii.ij.

CElestn{us} was pope after Nicho∣las fyue monthes / and nothynge noble of hym is writen / but that he was a vertuous man. ¶Bonefaci{us} y^• eyghte was pope after hym .viii. yere. This bo nifacius was a man in those thynges y^• whiche perteyneth to court / For he was very experte in suche materes / And by∣cause he had no pere / he put noo mesure to his prudence. And toke so grete pryde vpon hym / y^• he sayd / he was lord of al y^• worlde. & many thynges he dyd with his myght & power. y^• which fayled wret chydly in y^• ende / He yaue an ensample to all prelatys y^t they sholde not be hault ne proude. but vnder y^• fourme of a very shepeherde of god. they sholde more stu¦dy for to be louyd of ther subgectes: than dradde / This man is he / of whome it is sayd y^• he entred as a fox. he lyued as a lyon / & deyed as a dogge. ¶This tyme the yere of grace was ordeyned from an hūdred yere to an hoūdred yere. And the fyrst Iubyle was in the yere of our lorde Ihū 〈◊〉〈◊〉 a thousand thre hundred.

¶Benedictus the enleuenth was after Bonefacius enleuēth monthes. this mā was an holy man of the ordre of the fre re prechers / & lytyll whyle lyued / b••t dys¦sessyd anone.

ADulphus was Emperoure .vi. yeres / This man was y^• erle of Anorone / And this Adulphus was not crowned by the pope / for he was slayne in batayll. & Albertus was Emperoure after hym .x. yere. This man was the Duke of Astrye and fyrst was repreued of the pope / and after was confermed bi the same pope / for the malyces of the kȳ¦ke of Fraunce / the whiche was an enmy vnto the chirche. And to that Alberte the same pope yaue the kyngdome of Fraū¦ce / as he dyd other kyngdoms. but it prof¦fyted not / for at the laste he was slayne of his neuewe. ¶Clemens was pope af¦ter Benedictus almooste .ix. yere / and he was a grete buylder of castels and other thynges. And he dampnyd the ordre of Templaryes / & he ordeyned y^e .vii. boke of y^• Decretales / the whiche be callyd y^• questyons of Clementyns. And anone after in a counseyll the whiche he helde at Vyenna he reuokyd the same boke y^• whiche his successary Iohn̄ callyd ayen & in incorporyd it & publysshyd it. This Clement fyrste of all popes translatyd the popes sete fro Rome to Auinion / & whether it was doon by the mocion of god. or by the boldenes of man / dyuers men meruaylle. ¶Iohn̄ the .xxii. was po¦pe after hym .viii. yere. This man was all glorious / as for those thynges y^• we¦re to be vsyd thrughe y^• actyf lyfe. And he publyshid the Constitucions of y^• cle¦mentynes / & sent them to all y^• vnyersi tees. And many sayntes he canonysed & thyse fatte bysshopryches he deuydyd & he ordeyned many thynges ayenst y^• plu¦ralyte of benefyces / & many herytykes he dampned / but whether he was saued or not our lorde wolde not shewe to tho¦se he louyd very well. ¶Henry the .vii. was emperour after Albert .v. yere / this Henry was a noble man in werre. and he coueytyd too haue peas by londe and water. He was a glorious man in bata∣yll. And neuer ouercome with enmyes / And atte the laste he was poysened of a frere whan that he houselyd hym by re∣ceyuynge of the sacrament.

¶Of kynge Edwarde that was kynge Edwardes sone.

ANd after this kynge Edwarde regned Edwarde his sone / that was borne at Carnariuan / and this Ed¦warde wente hym into Fraunce and the¦re he spousyd Isabell the kynges dough¦ter of Fraunce. the .xxv. daye of Ianuari atte the chirche of oure Lady atte Bo∣loyne in y^• yere of oure lorde Ihū Cryste M.CCC.vii. And the .xx. daye of Feue¦rer

the next y••ere that came after / he was crownyd solemply at westmestre of the Archebysshop of Caunterbury. And the re was so grete presse of people. that syr Iohn̄ Bakwell was slayne & murdred And anone as the good kynge Edwar¦de was deed. syr Edwarde his sone kȳge of Englonde. sent after pers Ganas¦ton into Gascoyne / and somoche louyd hym / y^t he callyd hym brother. And ano¦ne after he yaue vnto hym y^• lordshyp of walyngforde. & it was not longe after y^• be ne yaue hym therldom of Cornewa∣yll ayenst all y^e lordes wyll of Englon∣de. ¶And tho brought syr walter of lā∣geton bysshop of Chestre into pryson & duraūce. in y^e toure of London. with two knaues alonely hym to serue. For y^• kyn¦ge was wrothe with hym / for bycause y^t syr water made complaynt on hym too his fader / wherfore he was put in pryiō in y^e tyme of Troylebaston & y^• forsayd Pers of Ganaston made so grete mays tryes. y^• he went into y^• kynges tresory in y^• abbay of westmestre / & toke y^• table of golde w^t y^• trestyls of y^• same / & many o¦ther ryche Iewels / y^• sōtyme were y^• no∣& gode kynge Arthurs / & toke them too a marchaūt y^• was callyd ameri of Fris cōhande / for he sholde bere them ouer y^• set into Gascoyne. and so he went thēs and they came neuer ayen after. wherfo¦re it was a grete losse to this londe. And whan this Peers was so rychely auaun syd / he became so proude and so stowte. wherfore all the greate lordes of the ••ea me haddthym in dyspyte for his grete berynge / wherfore syr Henry Lacy erle of Nicholl. & syr Guy erle of warwyk the whiche grete lordes / the good kynge Edwarde syr Edwardes fader kyng of Englonde / chargyd that Peers of Ga∣naston sholde not come into Englonde for to brynge his sone Edwarde intory of. And all the lordes of Englonde assē∣ble•• he in a certayn day at the free••pre chers at London / And there they spake / of the dyshonour that kynge Edwarde. dyd to his reame and to his crowne and so they assentyd all / bothe erles and ba∣rons / and all the comyne that the forsa yd Peers of Ganaston sholde be exyled oute of Englonde for euer more / and so it was doon / For he forswore Englond and went into Irlonde / and there the kȳ¦ge made hym cheyfteyne / and gouernou¦re of the londe by his commyscion. And there this Peers was cheyfteyne of alle the londe / And dyd there all that hym li¦kyd / and had power what he wolde and that tyme were the templers erylyd thru all cristiantee. for bycause that men put vpon theym / that they shold do thynges ayenst the fayth and good byleue. Kyng Edwarde louyd Peers of Ganaston so moche / that he myght not forbere his cō¦pany. And somoche the kynge yaue and behyghte too the people of Englonde y^• the exylynge of the forsayd Peers sholde be reuokyd at Stamforde / thrugh them that hym had exyled / wherfore Peers of Ganaston came ayen into Englonde / And whan he was come ayen into his lō¦de he dyspysed the grettest lordes of this londe / And callyd syr Robert Clare Et le of Glouce••re horesone. And the Erle of Nicholl syr Henry Lacy brustenbely / and syr Guy Erle of Warwyk the blac¦ke hounde of Arderne: And also he cal∣lyd the noble Erle Thomas of Lancas¦tre churle. and many other scornes and shamys them sayd / and many other gre¦te lordes of Englonde wherfore they we¦re towarde hym full angry and wrothe and ryghtsore anoyed. And in the same tyme deyed the Erle of Nychall. But he chargyd or that he was deed / Thomas of Lancastre Erle that was his sone in law that he sholde mayntene his quarel ayenste this same Peers of Ganaston / vpon his blessynge. ¶And soo it befell thoroughe helpe of the erle Thomas of Lancastre and also of the Erle of War¦wyk y^• the forsayd syr Peers was herdes

at gauersich beside warwyk in y^• xix. day of Iune. in the were of grace .M.CCC. and .xii. wherfore the kynge was sore a∣noyed / and prayed god that he myght se that day to be auenged / vpon the deth of of the forsayd Peers / ¶And so it befell afterwarde as ye shall here Alas the ty¦me. for the forsayd erle of Lancastre / & many other grete barons were putte to pyteuous deth. and martred for cause of y^e forsayd quarell. The kynge was tho at London. & helde a parlement & ordey¦ned y^• lawes of Symonde Moūforde / wherfore y^• erle of Lancastre / & the erles & all clergye of Englonde. made an oth thrugh coūseyle of Robert of wynchelse for to mayntene y^• ordynaūces for euer /

¶How Roberte Brus came ayen intoo Scotlonde & gadryd a grete power of / men for werre vpon kynge Edwarde.

ANd whan syr Robert the Brus that made hym kynge of Scot¦londe / that before was fledde into Nor∣way for drede of dethe of the good kyn∣ge Edwarde. And also he herde of y^• de¦bate that tho was in Englonde bytwe∣ne the kynge and his lordys. he ordeyned an hoste and came into Englonde in to Northumberlonde / and cleue dystroyed the countre. ¶And whan kynge Edwar¦de herde this tydynges he lete assemble his hoste & met y^• Scottes at Edstreue∣lyn in y^• day of y^• Natiuite of saynt Iohn̄ Baptist in y^• thirde yere of his regne / & in y^• yere of our lorde .M.CCC. & .xiiij. Alas y^• sorowe & losse y^t there was doon For there was slayne y^• noble erle Gyl∣bert of clare syr Robert Clyfforde barō & the kynge Edwarde was scomfytyd & Edmond of maule y^• kyng{is} Steward for drede went & drowned hymself in a fresshe ryuer y^• is callyd Bānokysborne wherfore they sayd in represys of kynge Edwarde for asmoche as he louyd to go by water / & also for he was dyscomfyted at Bānokysborne / therfore the maydēs made a songe therof in y^• coūtree of kȳ¦ge Edwarde. & in this manere they sōge Maydens of Englond sore may ye mor¦ne / for tyzt haue lost your lēmans at bā¦nokysborne / w^t heuelogh. what wenyth y^• kynge of Englond to haue gote Scot londe / with rombylogh)

AS kynge Edwarde was dyscoz fyted / wonder sore & fast he fled with his folke y^• were left alyue & went vnto Berwyk / & there helde hym. & af∣ter he toke hostages two chyldren of the rychesse of y^• towne. And y^• kynge went to London. & toke coūseyll of thynges y^• were nedefull to y^• reame of Englonde. ¶And in the same tyme it befell / y^• tho was in Englonde a rybande. y^• was cal∣lyd Iohn̄ Tanner. And he yede & sayd y^• he was y^• good kynge Edwardes sone & lete hym call Edward of Carnartuā And therfore he was take at Oxforde / And there he chalenged frere Carmes / chirche y^• kynge Edwarde had yeue thē whiche was y^• kynges halle. And after∣warde was this Iohn̄ lad to Northamp ton / & drawen & hangyd for his falsnesse & or y^• he was deed he cōfessyd & sayd be¦fore all tho y^t were there. y^• y^• deuyll behy¦ght hym y^t he sholde be kynge of Englō¦de & y^t he had serued y^• deuyll thre yere.

¶How y^• towne of Berewyk was take thrugh treason / & how two Cardynales were robbyd in Englonde.

ANd on myddyll lent sondaye. in the yere of our lorde .M.ccc.xvi. Berwyk was loste thrugh false treson of one Pers of Spaldynge. y^• whiche Pe ers y^• kynge had put there. for to kepe y^• same towne w^t many burgeyses of y^• sa¦me towne / wherfor y^• childrē y^• were put in hostage thrugh y^• burgeyses of Bere∣wyk folowed y^• kyng{is} marchalse mani dayes fettred in strōge yrens. And after

that tyme came two Cardynalles int•••• Englonde / as the pope had theym sente for to make peas bytwene Englonde & Scotlonde. And as they wente towarde Durhā / for to haue sacred mayster Low ys of Beamont bysshoppe of Durham they were take & robbyd vpon the moore of wynglesdom / Of whiche robbery syr Gylbert of mytton was atteynt & take and hangyd & drawen at London & his heed smytte of. & put vpon a spere / & set vpon newe gate / & the foure quarters sē¦te / to foure cytes of Englonde. & y^• same tyme befell many myscheues in Englō de / for the pore people deyed in Englon¦de for hungre / and somoche and so faste deyed / that vnethe men myght bury thē For a quarter of whese was at .xl. shelyn¦ges. and two yeres and an halfe a quar∣ter of whete was worth .x. mark. and oft¦tyme the poore people stole chyldren and ete them / and ete also the houndes that they myght take: and also hors & cattes And after there fell a greate murreyne a monge bestes in dyuers coūtres of En∣glonde. durynge kynge Edwarde lyues tyme.

¶How the Scottes robbyd Northum∣berlonde.

ANd in the same tyme came the Scottes ayen into Englonde & dystroyed Northumberlonde / and brent that londe / and robbyd it / and slew men wymmen and chyldren that laye in ther cradyls / and brent also holy chirche / and dystroyed cristendome / and toke and ba¦re Engl•••••• mēnys godes / as they had ben sara•••••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / or paynems. And of y^• wic¦kydne•••••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 they dydde / all the worlde spake 〈◊〉〈◊〉.

¶How the Scottes wolde not amende theyr trespasse. and therfore Scotlonde was enterdyted.

SO pope Iohn̄ y^• .xxii. after saynt Petyr herde of the grete sorowe and myscheyf that y^• Scottes wrought he was wonder sorye / that crystendome was so dystroyed thrugh the Scottes / & namely they dystroyed so holy chirches wherfore the pope sente a generall sen∣tence vnder his bulles of leed vnto y^• ar¦chebysshop of Caūterbury. & to tharche•• bysshopp of Yorke y^• yf Robert y^• Brus of Scotlonde wolde not be Iustifyed & make amēdes vnto y^• kynge of Englō∣de Edwarde theyr lorde / & make amen∣des of his losse / & of his harmes y^• they / had doon in Englonde. & also to restore y^• goodes y^• they had taken of holy ch•••• che / y^• the sentence sholde be pronouncyd through out all Englonde. And whan y^• Scottes herde this / they wolde not leue theyr malyce / for y^• popys cōmaūdemēt wherfore Robert y^• Beus. Iamys Dou¦glas & Thomas Radulf erle of Moref & all tho y^• with them comyned or them helpe in worde ordede / were accursyd in euery chirche thrugh oute all Englon∣de euery day at masse thre tymes. & noo masse shold be sōge in holy chirche thru∣ghe out all Scotlonde but yf the Scot∣tes wold make restitueyō of the harmes that they hadd made vnto holy chirche wherfore many agoode preste and holy men therfore were slayne thrugh the rea¦me of Scotlōde / bycause they wolde not synge masse ayenst the po••ys commaū∣dement and ayenste his wyll / & to do & fulfyll the tyrauntes wyll.

¶How syre Hughe Spensers sone was made the kynges chamberlayne. and of the batayle of Mitone.

ANd it was not longe afterwar∣de / that the kynge ne ordeyned a parlement at Borke / And there was sy¦re / Spensers sone made Chambrelay∣ne. And the meane tyme while the wer∣re lasted / the kyng went ayen into Scot¦londe

that it was wonder for to wytte & besegyd y^e towne of Berwyk / but y^• scot¦tes wente ouer y^• water at Sole wath. y^• was thre myle from y^• kynges hoste and pryuely they stele away by nyght / & ca∣me into Englōde / & robbyd & dystroyed all y^• they myghte / & spared no manere thynge tyll y^• they came vnto Yorke / & whan y^• Englysshmen that were left at home / herde thyse tydynges / all tho that myght traueyll / as well monk{is} / preestes freres / chanons / & seculers came & mett with the Scottes at Myton vp swale y^• xii. day of Octobre. Alas for sorowe / for the Englysshe husbonde men y^t coude no¦thynge of the werre y^• there were kyllyd & drowned in an arme of y^• see. And y^• cheyfteynes syr wyllyam of Melton Ar¦chebysshop of Yorbe & the abbot of sel∣by with ther stedes fledde / & came to yor¦ke / and that was their owne foly / y^t they had that myschaunce. For they passed y^• water of Swale. & the Scottes sette a fi¦re the stackes of hey / & the smoke therof was so huge / y^• the Englysshmen myght not se the Scottes / And whann the En∣glysshmen were goon ouer y^• water tho came the Scottes with theyr wynge in maner of a shelde / and came towarde y^• Englysshmen in araye. And the Englis¦shemen fled. for vneth they had ony mē of armys. For y^• kynge had them almo¦ost lost at the syege of Berwyk / and the Scottes hobylers wente bytwene y^• brid¦ge and thenglyssmen / And whan y^• gre¦te host them mette / the Englysshe men fled bytwene the hobilers and the grete host. And the Englysshmen almoost we¦re there slayne / and he that myght go o¦uer the water were saued / but many we¦re drowned. Alas for there were slayne / many men of relygyon / seculers preestes and clerkes / with moche sorowe tharche bysshop escaped. and therfore the Scot∣tes callyd that batayll the white batayl

¶How kynge Edwarde dyd all mane¦re thynge y^t syr Hughe Spenser wolde.

NOwe as kynge Edwarde herde this tydynges he remeued his se¦ge trom Berwyk & came agayn into en¦glonde. But syr Hugh Spenser y^• was the kynges Chamberlayne. kepte so the kynges chamber. y^• no man myzte speke with y^• kynge. But he had made w^t hȳ a fret for to do all his nedet & y^t ouer me sure. And this Hugh bare hym so stewte y^t all men had of hym scorne & dyspyte. & the kynge hymselfe wolde not be gouer¦ned / ne rulyd by no manere of man but oonly by his fader & by hym. And if on•• knyghte of Englonde had wodes ma∣neyrs or londes y^• they wolde coueyte ano ne y^• kynge must yeue it them. or elles y^• man y^• ought it. sholde be falsly endyted of forfeyt or felony / And thrughe suche doynge they dysheryted many a bache∣lere / and somoche londe he gate that it was grete wonder / And whā the lordes of Englonde sawe the greate couetyse & falsnesse of syr Hugh Spenser the fader and of syr Hugh the sone / they came to the gentyll Erle of Lancastre / and axyd hym of counseyll of the dysese. that was in the reame / though syr Hugh Spenser & his sone. & in hast by one assente they made a pryne assemble. at Shirburne in Elmede & they made there an othe / for to brebe & dystrouble y^• daynge bytwene the kynge & syr Hugh Spenser & his so¦ne vpon theyr power. And they wente in to the marche of walys. & dystroyed the londe of the forsayd syr Hughes.

¶Howe syr Hugh Spenser and his fa¦der were exyled out of Englonde.

SO whan kynge Edwarde sawe the grete harme & distruction y^• y^• barons of Englond dyd vnto syr Hugh Spensers londe. & too his sone in euery place y^t they came vpon y^• kyng tho thru¦gh his counseyll exyled syre Monbraye.

syr Roger Clyfforde / and syr Gosselyn Dauyll. & many other lordes y^• were to theym consente / wherfore y^• barons dyd tho more harme than they dyde before & whan y^• kynge saw y^• the barons wolde not sesse of theyr cruelte / y^• kynge was so re adradde lest they wolde dystroye hym & his reame for his mayntenaūce / but if he assented to them. And so he sente for them by his letters y^• they shold come to London to his parlement at a certayne daye as in his letters were conteyned / & they came with thre bataylles / well ar∣myd at all poyntes. & euery batayll had cotarmours of grene clothe. & therof the ryghte quarter was yelowe. with whyte bendes / wherfore y^• parlement was cal∣lyd y^• parlemente of the whyte bende. & in y^• company was syre Humfrey de bo houne erle of Herford & syr Roger Clif¦torde. syr Iohn̄ Monbray. syr Gosselyn Dauyll. syr Roger Mortmer vn••••e of syr Roger Mortemer of wygmore. syre Henry of Trays syr Iohn̄ Gyffarde & syr Barthilmew of Badelest emore that was y^• kynges steward. y^• the kynge had sente to Shirborne in Elmede to y^• erle of Lancastre / & to all y^• with hym were for to trete of accorde / y^• hym alyed to y^• barons / & came with y^• company & syre Roger Dammory & syr Hugh Dandale y^• had spousyd the kynges neres lyster. & syr Gylbert of clare erle of Gloucetre y^• was slayne in Scotlonde / as before is sayd: And tho two lordes hadde tho two partyes of y^• erldom of Gloucetre. & syr Hugh Spenser had y^• thyrde party in his wyues halfe / the tyyrde syster and thoo two lordes wente to the barons with al theyr power ayenst syr Hugh theyr bro∣there in lawe. And soo there came with them syr Robert Clyfforde syr Iohn̄ mō¦bray. syr Goselyn Da••yll. syre Rogere Mortymer of werk. syr Rogere Morty∣mer of wykmore his neuewe. syr Henry Trals syr Iohn̄ Gyffarde. syr Barthil mewe of Bardesmore. with all theyr cō¦pany. and many other / that to them we¦re consente. all y^• grete lordes came vnto westmestre to y^• kynges parlement. And so they spake & dyde. y^• bothe syr Hughe Spenser y^• fader & also y^• sone / were out lawed of Englonde for euermore. And so syr Hugh y^• fader went vnto Douere & made moche sorowe / & fell downe vp¦pon the grounde by y^• see banke. a crosse with his armes / and sore w••pynge sayd Now fayr Englonde & good Englond to almyghty god I the betake. And ther•• es kyssed y^• ground & venyd neuer to ha∣ue come ayen. & wepynge cursyd y^• tyme y^• euer he begate syr Hugh his sone. and sayd for hym he had lost all Englonde And tho in presence of them all •• were abowte hym yaue hym his curse / & went ouer see to his londes. But Hugh y^• sone wolde not go out of Englonde but hel de hym in y^• ••ee. & he & his company rob¦byd two drome dores besyde Sand 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & toke & bare away all y^• godes y^• was in them to the value of .lx.M.li.

¶How y^• kynge exyled erle Thomas of Lancastre & all y^• helde with hym & how the Mortimer came & yelded hym to the kynge / and of all the lordes.

IT was not longe after y^• the kȳ¦ge ne made syr Hugh Spenser the fader / & syr Hugh y^• sone come ••yen in to Englonde ayenst y^• lordes wy••l of the reame. And sone after the kynge with a stronge power came and beseged the cas∣tell of Ledis. and in the castell was y^• la¦dy of Bladelesmore / for cause y^e she wol¦de notte graunte that castell to the que∣ne Isabell kynge Edwardes wyfe but the pryncypall cause was / for syrr Ber¦thylme we was ayenste y^• kynge / and hel¦de with y^• lordes of Englond. & neuerthe¦les the kynge by helpe & s••coure of men of London / and also of helpe of southe¦ren men gate the castell maugre of thez

all that were within / and toke with thē all that they myght fynde. And whan y^• barons of Englonde herde thyse tydyn∣ges / syr Roger Mortimer & many other lordes toke the towne of Burggeworth with strenth. wherfore y^• kynge was wō¦der wrothe / and lete outlawe Thomas of Lancastre / & Vmfroy de Bohoun••er¦le of Herford & all tho y^t were assentȳge to y^e same quarell. And y^• kynge assem∣bled an huge hoste / & came ayenst y^e lor∣des of Englonde / wherfor y^• Mortmers put them in the kynges grace. And ano¦ne they were sente to y^• toure of London & there kept in pryson. And whan y^• ba∣rons herde this thyng / they came to poūt¦fret there y^t the erle Thomas soiourned & tolde hym how y^• Mortimers both had yelde them to y^• kynge. & put them in his grace.

¶Of the syege of Tykhyll.

SO whan Thomas erle of Lan¦castre herde this / he was wonder wrothe & all that were of ther company & greatly they were dyscomfyted / and or¦deyned ther power togyder. & besyegyd y^t castell of Tykhyll / but tho y^t were with¦in manly defended them / y^t the barons myghte not gete the castell. & whan the kynge herd y^t his castell was besegyd he swore by god & by his names. y^t the sege shold be remeued. & assembled an huge power of people / & went thederward to rescowe the castell. & his power encresyd fro day to day. whan the erle of Lancas¦tre & the Erle of Herforde & the barons of ther cōpany herd of this thynge they assēbled all theyr power & went thē too Burtō vpon trent & kepte the brydge y^t the kynge sholde not passe ouer. but it be¦fell so on the tenthe daye of Marche in the yere of grace .M.CCC.xxi. the kȳg and the Spen••er••. syr Aymer Valaunce erle of Penbroke / & Iohn̄ erle of Arun / dell & theyr power / went ouer the water and dyscomfyted therle Thomas and his company. And they fled to the castel of Tetbury / & from thens they went to Pountfret. and in that vyage deyed sire Roger Daumore in thabbay of Tetbu¦ry. And in y^• same tyme the erle thomas had a traytour w^t hym that was callyd Robert Holonde a knyght. y^t the erle had brought vp of nought / & had nourysshed hym in his butrye. & had yeue hȳ athou¦sand marke of londe by yere. And somo¦che the erle louyd hym that he myghte do in the erles courte all that hym lyked bothe amonge them hyghe and lowe / & so craftly the theyf bare hym ayenst his lorde / y^t he trustyd more vpon hym than ony man on lyue. and the erle had ordey¦ned by his letters for to go into the erle¦dome of Lancastre / to make men aryse to helpe hym in that vyage / That is to saye .v. hundred men of arm ys. But the fals traytour came not there: noo mane¦re men for to warne ne for to make ary¦se to helpe his lorde. And whan that the fals traytour herde tell y^t hys lorde was dyscomfyted at Burton vppon Trent. as a fals traytour theyf. stele away / and robbyd in Rauensdele his lordes men y^• came fro the scōfyture. And toke of thez¦hors and harneys / and all that they had and slewe of them all that they myght take / and came and yeldyd hym to the kynge. ¶whan the good erle Thomas wyst that he was so bytrayed. he was so abasshed / & sayd to hymself / O almygh¦ty god how myght robert Holonde fȳde in his hert me to betray / syth y^• I louyd hym so moche O god well maye now a man se by hym y^t no man may dysceyue a nother / rather thā he y^t he trustyth mo¦ost vpō. he hath full euyll yeldyd me mi goodnes & the worshyp y^• I haue to hym done. & thrugh my kyndnesse haue hym auauncyd and made hym hyghe where that he was low. And he makyth me go

from hyghe vnto lowe / but yett shall he deye an euyll dethe.

¶Of the scomfyture of Brurbrygge.

THe good erle Thomas of Lan∣castre. Hūfroy de Bohoune erle of Herford / & the barons y^t with theym were toke coūsell bytwene thē at y^• frere prechers in Poūtfret. tho thought Tho¦mas vpon y^• traytour Robert Holonde. & sayd in repreyf / Alas Robert Holond hathe me betrayed / aye is y^• red of some euyll shred. And by y^• comyn assent they sholde all go to y^• castell of Dunstanbru¦ghe / y^• whiche perteyned to therldo•••• of Lancastre / & y^t they shold abyde ther tyl y^t the kynge had foryeue them his male talent. ¶But whan y^• good erle Tho∣mas this herde / he answerd in this ma∣nere & sayd. Lordes sayd he / yf we go to∣warde y^• North / y^• Northen men woll sa¦ye y^t we go towarde y^e Scottes / & so we shall be holden traytours / for cause of dystaūce that is bytwene kyng Edwar¦de and Robert the Brus that made him kynge of Scotlonde. And therfore I say as touchynge myselfe / that I wylle not go no ferder into the North / than to mȳ owne castell at Poūtfret / ¶And whan / syr Roger Clyfford herde this he arose vp anone in wrathe. & drewe his swerde on hygh / & swore by god almyghty and by his holy names / but yf y^t he wolde go with them / he sholde hym slee there. the noble & gentyll erle Thomas of Lācas∣tre was sore aferde & sayd. Fayr syres I wyll goo with you whether some euere. ye me bydde. Tho went they togyder in to the north / and with them they hadde vii.C. mē of armys / & came to Burbrig And whan syr Andrew of Herkela that was in the north coūtree / thrugh ordy∣naūce of y^• kynge. for to kepe y^• countree of Scotlonde / herde tell. howe that Tho¦mas of Lancastre was scōfyted and his company at Burton vpon trent / be or∣dened hym a stronge power / and sy•• sy¦monde warde also / that was tho the shy¦ref of Yorke / and met the barons at bur¦brugge. & anone they brake the brydge that was made of tree. ¶And whan syr Thomas of Lancastre. herde y^• syr An¦drewe of Herkela had broughte w^t hym suche a power he was sore adrad. & sent for syr Andrewe of Herkela / & with hȳ spake. & sayd to hym in this manere syr Andrewe sayd he. ye may well vnderstō¦de y^t our lorde y^t kynge. is ladde & mys∣gouerned by moche fals coūsell. thrugh syr Hugh Spenser y^• fad{er} & syr Hugh his sone: syr Iohn̄ erle of Arūdell / & thrugh mayster Roberte Baldok a fals pyllyd clerke. y^t now is in y^• kynges come dwel¦lynge / wherfore I praye you y^t ye wylle come with vs with all your power that ye haue ordeyned and helpe to dystroye the venym of Englond. & the traytours that ben therin / & we wyll yeue vnto you all the best parte of fyue Erldoms y^t we haue & holde. & we wyll make vnto you an othe. that we wyll neuer do thynge w^t out your counsell / & so ye shall be eft as well w^t vs as euer was Robert Holonde Tho answerd syr Andrew of Herkela & sayd syr Thomas y^t wolde not I do ne consent therto for no manere thynge w^t out the wyll & cōmaūdemēt of our lorde y^• kynge / for thē shold I be holden a tra¦tour for euer more. And whan y^t y^• noble erle Thomas of Lācastre saw y^• he wol¦de not consent to hȳ for no maner thȳg syr Andrew he sayd wyll ye not cōsente to dystroye the venymme of the reame as we be consente atte one worde Syr Andrewe I tell the that are this yere be¦goon / that ye shall be take and holde for a traytour. & more than ony of you hol∣de vs nowe / and in worse dethe ye shall deye than e••er dyd ony knyghte of En¦glonde. And vnderstonde welle / that ye dyde neuer thynge / That sorer ye shall you repente. And now go and doo what

you good lykyth / and I wyll put me in∣to the mercy of god. And so went y^• fals traytour tyraūt as a fals forsworn man For thrugh the noble Erle Thomas of Lancastre / he receyued y^• armys of chy∣ualrye / & thrughe hym he was made a knyghte. Tho myghte men see archers draw them in y^• one syde & in that other & knyghtes also. and fought tho togyder wonder sore. And also amonge al other Humfroy de Boughon erle of Herforde a worthy knyght of renoune thrugh out all cristendome / stode & fought with his enmyes vppon y^• brydge. and as y^e noble lorde stode & fought vpon the brydge a theyf rybaude sculkyd vnder y^• brydge / and fyersly with a spere. smote the noble knyght into y^• ••ūdement / so y^t his bow∣ellys came out aboute his fete ther. Alas for sorow & pyte. For there was slayne the floure of solace & of comforth / & al∣so of curteysye / ¶And syr Roger Clyf∣forde a noble & a worthy knyghte stode euer & fought / & well and worthyly hym defended as a noble baron. But atte the laste he was sore woundyd in his heed / And syr wyllyam of Sullayande. & syr Roger of Benefelde were slayne at that batayll. whan syr Andrewe of Herkela saw y^t syr Thomas men of Lancastre / lassed and slakyd. anone he and his com¦pany came vnto the gentyll knyght syr Thomas & layd vnto hym in an hygh voyce Yelde the traytour yelde the. The gentyll erle Thomas of Lancastre an∣swerd thenne and sayd. Nay lordes trai¦tours we ben none. and to you we wyll neuer vs yelde whyle that our lyues last But leuer we hadde to be slayne in our truth / than yelde vs vnto you. And syre Andrewe ayen gardyd vppon syr Tho¦mas and his company / yellynge and cri¦enge lyke a wode wulf. yelde you tray∣tours taken yelde you / and sayd with an hyghe voys Beware syres that none of you be so hardy vppon lyfe and lymme tomysdo Thomas body of Lancastre / And with that worde the good erle tho¦mas yede into the castell / and sayd kne¦lynge vpon his knees and torned his vy¦sage towarde the crosse & sayd almygh¦ty god to the I yelde / & holy I putte me vnto thy mercy. and with that the vylai¦nes and rybaudes lept abowte hym on euery syde as tyraūtes and wood tormē¦tours / & dyspoyled hym of his armoure and clothed hym in a robe of ray / y^t was of his squyres lyueray / and forthe ladde hym vnto Yorke by water. Tho myght men see moche sorowe and care For the gentyll knyghtes fledde on euery syde & the rybaudes and the vyllayns egerlye. th•••• dyscryed / & cryed on hygh yeld you traytours yelde you. & whan they were yelden they were robbyd and boūden as theuys. Alas y^e shame and dyspyte that the gentyll ordre of knyghthode had the¦re at that batayll. And the lōde was tho without lawe / For holy chirche had tho nomore ereuerence than it had be a bur¦dell hous / And in that batayll was the fader ayenst the sone•• and y^e vncle ayēst the neuewe. For somoche vnkyndnesse / was neuer seen before in Englonde / as was that tyme amonge folkes of one na¦cyon. For one kynred had no more pyte of that other. than an hungry wulf hath of a shepe / And it was no wonder. For the greate lordes of Englonde were not all of one nacyon / but were medlyd with othere nacyons / That is for to saye so¦me / Brytons / some Saxons / some Da¦nys / some Pehypes / some Frensshemen some / Normans / some: Spanyerdes / so¦me / Romayns / some / Henaude / soom Flemynges and othere dyuers nacyons the whyche nacyons accordyd notte too the kynde bloodeof Englonde. And yf so greate lordes had be ••only weddyd to Englysshe people. Thenne sholde peas haue ben and reste amonge theym with¦out ony enuye. And at y^t batayll was ro¦ger Clyfforde take. syr Iohn̄ Monbrey syr wyllyam Tuc•• it. syr wyllyam fitz

wyllyam / and many other worthy kny¦ghtes there were take at that batayll & syr Hugh Dandell nexte daye after was taken and put into pryson / & sholde ha¦ue be doon to dethe yf he had not spou∣syd y^e kynges nece / y^t was erle Gylbertes systre of Gloucestre / & anone after was syr Berthylmewe of Badelesmore takē at Stow parke / a maneyr of y^• bysshop of Lyncoln / y^t was his neuewe / & many other barons & baronettes. wherfor was made noche sorowe.

¶How Thomas of Lancastre was hee dyd at Pountfret / & .v. barons hangyd / and drawen there.

ANd now I shall telle you of the noble erle Thomas of Lancas∣tre. whan he was take & brought to yor¦ke / many of y^• cyte were full gladde and vpon hym cryed with an hygh voys O syre traytoure / ye be welcome. blessyd be god for now ye shall haue y^• rewarde / y^• longe ye haue deserued. And cast vpon hym many snowe balles / & many other repreues they dyd hym. But the gentyll erle al suffred / & sayd nother o word nor other ¶And at the same tyme y^e kynge herde of this scomfyture / & was ful glad & Ioyous / & in grete haste came to Poūt¦fret. & syr Hughe Spenser. & syr Hughe his sone / and syr Iohn̄ erle of Arundell and syr Edmonde of wodestoke the kȳ¦ges brother erle of Kent. & syr Aymer of Valaunce erle of Penbroke and mayster Robert Baldoke. a fals pyllyd clerke / y^t was pryue / and dwelled in the kynges court / & all came theder with the kynge And the kynge entryd into the castell / & syr andrew of Herkela a fals tyraunte thrugh the kynges cōmaundement toke with hym the gentyll erle. Thomas too Pountfret and ther he was prysoned in his owne castell that he had newe made that stode ayenst the abbaye of kynge ed¦warde. ¶And syr Hugh Spenser y^• fad{er} and the sone caste and thought howe & in what manere the good erle Thomas of Lancastre sholde be deed / without Iu gement of his perys. wherfore it was or¦deyned thrugh the kynges Iusticys that the kynge sholde put vpon hym poyntes of treason. And so it befell that he was ledde to barre before the kynges Iustices bareheed as a theyf / in a fayre halle in his owne castell y^t he hadd made therin many a fayre feste. bothe to ryche & too poore: ¶And these were his Iustices syr Hughe Spenser the fader. & Aymer of Valaunce erle of Penbroke syr Edmon¦de of wodstok erle of Kent / syr Iohn̄ of Brytayne erle of Rychemonde & syr ••o¦bert Malemethrop Iustyce & syr Robert hym acouspyd in this manere. ¶Tho••mas court excludeth you of all manere answer. Thomas our lorde the kynge / puttyth vpon you. y^t ye haue in his lond ryden with baner dysplayed ayenst hys peas. as a traytour. ¶And with y^• word the gentyll erle Thomas with an hygh voyce sayd / Nay lordes forsoth & by ••a∣ynt Thomas / I was neuer traytoure / ¶The Iustice sayd ayen tho. Thomas our lorde the kynge puttythe vpon you that ye haue robbyd his folke and mur¦dred his people as a theyf. Thomas al¦so the kynge puttythe vpon you that he dyscomfyted you and your people with his folke / in his owne reame•• wherfore. ye went and fledde to the woode as an¦nutlaw. and Thomas as a traytoure ye shall be hangyd by reason. but the kyn∣ge hath foryeuen you y^• Iugemente•• for loue of quene Isabell. And Thomas re¦son wolde y^t ye sholde be hangyd / but y^• kynge hath foryeue you y^• Iugemēt for by cause and loue of your lygnage. But for asmoche. Thomas as ye were taken fleenge / and as an outlawe. the kynge: woll that your heed shall be smyten of / Anone haue hym out of pre••s & brynge

hym to hys Iugement. ¶whan thelgen tyll knyght Thomas had herde all thy¦se wordes / with an hygh voyce he cryed sore wepynge and sayd alas saynt Tho¦mas fayr fader. alas shall I be deed th{us} Graunte me nowe blessydfull god an∣swere. But all auayled hym no thynge For y^• cursyd Gascoyns put hym hyther & thyther / & on hym cryed w^t an hyghe / voys. O kynge Arthur moost terryble & dredefull / well knowen & shewed nowe is thyne open traytour. And an euyll de¦the shalt thou ryghte anone deye▪ Haste thou not ryghte well deserued it. ¶And thenne thyse cruell folke sette vpon y^e go¦de knyght Thomas for very scorne an olde chaplet that was all to rent / y^t was not worth an halfe peny: And after that they sette hym vpon a white palfroy ful vnsemely / and also all bara / with an ol¦de brydell / And with an horryble noyse they draue hym out of the castell towar¦de his dethe / and they caste vppon hym many balles of snow in dyspyte. and as the traytours lad hym out of the castell tho sayd he these pyteous wordes. & hys hondes helde vp on hygh towarde heuē Now the kynge of heuen yeue vs merci for the erthly kynge hath vs forsaken & a frere precher went with hym out of y^• castell tyll he came to the place that he en¦ded his lyfe. vnto whome he shroue hym all his lyfe. And the gentyll erle helde y^• frere wonder faste by the clothes & sayd to hym Fayr fader abyde with vs tyll y^t I be deed. for my flesshe quakyth for dre¦de of dethe. ¶And the sothe for to saye / The gentyll erle set hym vpon his kne¦es / and torned hym towarde the eest: but a rybaude y^t was called Hygone of mos¦toon sette honde vpon the gentyll Erle & sayd in dyspyte of hym Syr traytour torne the towarde the Scottes / thy fow¦le dethe to receyue / & torned towarde the North. The noble erle Thomas answe¦red tho with a mylde voys / & sayd nowe fayr lordes I shall do your wyll. & with that worde the frere went from hym so¦re wepynge. And anone a rybaude went to hym / & smote of his heed / the .xi. Ka¦lendas of Auerell. in y^e yere of grace .M.CCC.xxi. ¶Alas that euer suche a gen¦tyll blood sholde be don to deth withou¦ten cause and reason. And traytoursly y^e kynge was coūseylled / whan he thrugh the fals counseylle of the Spensers suf¦fred syr Thomas his vncles sone to be put to suche a dethe / and so be beheeded ayenst all manere of reason / And greate pyte it was also / that suche a noble kyn¦ge sholde be dysceyued and mysgouer∣ned thrugh counseyll of the fals Spen¦sers / the whiche tho he mayntened thru¦ghe loselry ayenst his honour and alsoo his proffyte. For afterwarde ther fell gre¦te vengaunce in Englonde. for bycause of the forsayd Thomas deth. ¶Whane the gentyll erle of his lyfe was passyd. y^• pryour and the monkys of Pounfret ga¦te the body of syr Thomas of the kyng & buryed it before the hyghe awter on y^• ryght syde. ¶That same day that thys gentyll knyght was dede / were hangyd & drawen / for the same quarell at Poūt¦fret syr wyllyam Tuchet. syr wyllyam. Fitz wyllam. syr werreyn of Isell. Syr Henry Bradborn / & syr wyllyam Chey¦ne barons all / & Iohn̄ page esquyer. and sone after at Yorke were drawen & han¦gyd syr Roger Clyfforde / syre Iohn̄ of Mambray barons. & syr Goseline De∣uyll knyght. ¶And at Brystowe were drawen and hangyd / syr Henry of we∣myngton / & syr Henry Mountforde ba∣rons. ¶And at Gloucetre were draw∣en and hangyd. syr Iohn̄ Gaffarde and syr wyllyam of Elmebrugge barons / & at London were gangyd & drawen Syr Henry Tyes baron. ¶And at wynchel se sye Thomas Clepepyr knyght. And ferthermore to tell of this cruell occyon at wyndsore was drawe & hangyd Syr Frauncys waldenham baron / & at Caū¦terbury was drawen and hangyd Syre

〈◊〉〈◊〉 Badeles more and syr bar¦thyl••ew of Asshe 〈◊〉〈◊〉 barons & at Cardyf in walys syr wyllyam Flem¦mynge baron▪

¶How kynge Edwarde went into scot¦londe with an hundred thousande men of armys / & myght not spede.

SO•• whanne kynge Edwarde of Englonde had brought the flou¦re of cheualry vnto theyr dethe. thrughe sounsell & consent of syr Hugh Spenser the fader / & syr Hugh y^• sone / he became as woode •• as ony lyon. and what soo euer y^• Spensers wolde haue it was do∣ne. so well y^• kynge louyd theym / y^• they myght do with hym all thynge y^t them lyked / wherfore the kynge gaaf vnto sir Hugh Spenser y^e fader y^• erldom of wȳ¦chestre & vnto syr Andrewe of Herkela theerldom of Cardoill•• in preiudyce and in harmynge of his crowne. And kynge Edwarde tho thrugh coūsell of y^• Spē¦sers dysheryted all them y^t had be ayenst hym in ony quarell w^t Thomas of Lā¦castre. And many other were dysheryted also / bycause that the Spensers couey∣ted for to haue theyr lōdes. And so they had all that they wolde desyre with wrō¦ge / & ayenste all reason. Tho made the kȳg Robert Baldok a false pylled cler¦ke Chaunceler of Englond. thrugh coū¦sell of the forsayd Spensers. ¶And he was a false rybaude / And a coueytouse And so they counseylled the kynge mo∣che / that the kyng lete take to his owne warde all the goodes of the lordes that were put wronfully to the dethe into his owne honde. And aswell they toke y^e go∣des that were within holy chirche / as y^• godes y^t were without / & lete theym be put into his tresoury in London / & lete / them calle his forfeytes: And by ther coū¦sell y^• kynge wroughte / for euer more he dys heryted them y^• the godes oughte & thrugh ther counsell lete ••••er a t••legge of all the goodes of Englonde / wherfo¦re he was the rychest kynge y^• euer was in Englonde. after wyllyam Bastarde y^t cuonquered Englonde. And yet thru∣ghe coūsell of them hym semyd that he had notte ynough. But made yet euery toune of Englonde for to fynde a man of armys vpon theyr owne costes / for to go & werre vpon y^• Scottes y^t were hys enmyes / wherfore the kynge wente into Scotlonde with an h••ūdred thousande men of armys at wytsontyde in the ye∣re of oure lorde Ihesu Criste .M.CCC.xxii. But the Scottes wente / & hyd them in moūteyns and in wodes and taryed the Englysshmen fro day to day / that y^• kynge myght for no manere thynge fȳ¦de them in playne felde / wherfore ma•••• Englysshmen that had lytyll vytaylles deyed there for hungre wonder faste and sodenly in goynge and comynge and na¦mely tho that had ben ayenst Thomas of Lancastre & robbyd his men vpon 〈◊〉〈◊〉 londes. whan kynge Edwarde saw that vytaylles fayled hym / he was wonder so¦re dyscomfited. bycause also y^t his men deyed. & for he myght not ••pede of his en¦myes. So at the laste he came ayen into Englonde / & anone after came Iames Douglas and also Thomas Rudulph with an huge hooste into Englonde in to Northumberlonde / & with them the Englysshmen that were dryuen oute of Englonde / and came and robbyd y^• coū¦tree / and slewe the people / and also bree•• the towne y^t was callyd Northallerton & many other townes to Yorke. And wha•• the kynge herde this tydynges be lete so mone all manere men that myght tra∣ueyller. And so y^• Englysshmen mette y^• Scottes at the abbay of Beyg••elande the .xv. daye after Myghelmas. in the sa¦me yere aboue sayd / and the Englysshe men were there dyscomfyted. And atte that scomfyture 〈◊〉〈◊〉 take Syr Iohan of Brytayne Erle of Rychmonde that helde the countre and the erldom of Lan¦castre

and after he payed an huge raun∣some and was lete god. And after that he wente into Fraunce & came neuer af¦ter agayne.

¶How syr Andrew of Herkelay was ta¦ke & put to deth••y^t was erle of Cardoil

THen at y^• tyme was syr Andrew of Herkela / y^t new was made er∣le of Cardoil / for cause y^t he had taken y^• good Erle Thomas of Lancastre. ¶He had ordeyned thrugh y^• kynges cōmaū∣dement of Englonde. for to brynge hȳ all the power that he myght. for to helpe ayenst y^• Scottes at y^• abbaye of Beygh¦lande. And whan the fals traytour had gadred all the people that he myght and sholde haue come to the kynge vnto the abbaye of Beyghelande / the fals tray∣tour ladde them by a nother coūtre thru¦ghe Copelonde. & thrughe therldome of Lancastre / & wente thrugh ••he countre & robbyd & slew the folke all y^t he myghte And ferthermore the fals traytour had take a grete so••••••e of golde & sylue•• of syr Iamys Douglas for to be ayenste y^• kynge of Englonde. & to be helpynge & holdynge with the Scottes / thrugh who¦se treason the kynge of Englonde was scomfyted at Beyghlande or y^• he came f••yder. wherfore the kynge was toward hym wonder wrothe. & lete pryuely en∣quere by y^• coūtre abowte how y^t it was And some men enquered & aspyed / so at the laste y^• trough was foūde & soughte And he atteynte & take as a fals tray∣tour / as y^• gode erle Thomas of lancas¦tre hym tolde or y^t he was put vnto deth at his takynge at Burbrugge. & to him sayd. Or y^• yere were doon he sholde be take & holde a traytour. And so it was as the holy man sayd. ¶wherfore y^• kȳ∣ge sente pryuely too syr Anthoyn of Lu¦cy / a knyghte of the countre of Cardoil y^t he shold take syr Andrewe of Herkela & put hym vnto the dethe. And to brȳge this thynge vnto the ende. the kynge sen¦te his Commyssyon so y^t this same An∣drewe was take at Cordoil & ladde vnto the barre in y^• manere of an erle worthy¦ly arayed / & with a swerde gyrde about hym / & hosyd and sporyd. ¶Tho spake syr Authoyn in this maner syr Andrew sayd he the kynge puttyth vpon the for asmoche as thou hast be orpyd in thy de dys / he dyd to the moche honoure / & ma¦de the erle of Cardoil•• & thou as a tray∣tour to thy lorde. laddest the peple of his countre that sholde haue holpe hym att the bataylle of Beyghelande / and thou laddest them away by the countre of co¦pelonde / and thrugh the erldom of Lan¦castre wherfor our lorde the kynge was discomfy••d there of the Scottes thrugh thy treason & falsnesse and yf y^• haddest come bi tymes he had had the batayll & treason thou didest for the gre•• sōme of gold & syluer that thou receyued of Ia∣mys Douglas a Scot the kyng{is} enmye And out lorde the kynge wyll / that y^• or¦dre of knyghthode. by y^• whiche than re¦ceyued all thyne honoure and ••••••shyp vpon thy body be all brought to nought and thyn estate vndoyne. that other kny¦ghtes of lower degree mowe after be wa¦re / whiche lorde hath the auaunted huge¦ly in dyuerse countres of Englonde and that all maye take ensample by ther lor¦de afterwarde. truly for to serue. ¶Tho commaunded he anone a knaue / to hew of his spores on his helys / and after he lete breke the swerde ouer his heed. y^• whi¦che the kynge yaue hym for too kepe & defende his londe therwith whanne he / made hym Erle of Cardoyll. And after he lete hym be vnclothed of his furred taberd and of his hode / and of his fur∣ryd cotes / and of his gyrdyll / And whā ne this was done / syr Anthony sayd thē ne vnto hym. Andrewe sayd he Nowe art thou no knyght but a knaue / & for thy treason y^• kynge wyll that thou shal be hangyd and drawen & thy heed 〈◊〉〈◊〉

of / and thy bowels take out of thy body & brent before the / & thy body quartryd & thy heed sente to Londō / & there it shal stonde vpon London brydge / & the foure quarters shall be sent to foure townes of Englonde / y^t all other may beware and chastised by the / And as Anthony sayd / so it was done all manere of thynge in y^e laste daye of Octobre. in y^• yere of grace M.iij.C.xxii. yere And y^• sonne torned in to blood as y^• people it sawe / & y^• dured from y^• morne tyll .xi. of y^• clocke.

¶Of the miracles y^t god wroughte for saynt Thomas of Lancastre / wherfore the kynge lete closein y^e chirche dores of the pryory of Pountfret / y^t no man shold come therin for to offre.

ANd sone after that the good er∣le Thomas of Lancastre was martryd there was a preest y^• longe tyme had be blynde / dremed in his slepe / y^t he sholde go to the hyll there the good erle Thomas of Lancastre was doon vnto dethe / & he sholde haue his syght ayen & so he dremed thre nyghtes sewynge. and the preest lete lede hym to the same hyll and whan he came to that place that he was martryd on / full deuowtly he ma∣de there his prayers / And prayed god & saynt Thomas / that he myght haue his syghte ayen / And as he was in his pra∣yers he layed his ryght honde vpon the same place that the gode man was mar¦tryd on / and a drope of drye blood and smale sonde cleuyd on his honde / & ther¦with stryked his eyen. And anone thru∣ghe the myght of god and saynt Tho∣mas of Lancastre / he hadde his syghte. ayen. And thankyd tho almyghtye god and saynt Thomas And whanne this miracle was knowen amonge men / the people came thyther on euery syde / and knelyd and made theyr prayers atte hys tombe that is in the pryory of Poūtfret and prayed that holy martyr of socour & of helpe / and god herde ther prayer ¶Also there was a yonge chylde drow∣ned in a well in the towne of Pountfret and was deed thre dayes and thre nygh¦tes. And men came and layed the deed chylde vpon sayd Thomas tombe y^• ho¦ly martyr / and the chylde arose from de¦the to lyfe. as many a man it sawe.

¶And also moche people were oute of ther mynde / & god sent them theyr myn¦de ayen. thorough vertue of y^• holy man ¶And god hath yeue there also to cry••••pyls theyr goynge / & to crokyd thyr hon¦des and ther fete / & to blynde also they•• syght. & to manyseke folke ther helth of dyuers maladyes for the loue of this go¦de martyr.

¶Also there was a ryche man in Coū••dom in Gascoyne and suche a malady he had / that all his ryghte syde rotyd & fell awaye from hym that men myghte see his lyuer & his herte•• and so he stan∣ke / that vnneth they myght come n••gh•• hym. wherfore his frendes were for him wonder sory. But at the last as god wol¦de. they prayed to saynt Thomas of ••a castre / that he wold pray almyghty god for that prysoner / and be••yght for to go to Pountfret for to do theyr pylgryma∣ge / he thoughte that the Martyr saynt Thomas came to hym / and anoynted all hys syke body / and therwith the go∣de man awoke and was all hoole and his flesshe was restored ayen that before was rotyd and fallen away. For whiche myracle the good man and his frendes louyd god and saynt Thomas euermo¦re after. And this good man came into Englonde. And toke with hym foure fe¦lowe•••• & came to Poūtfret to y^• holy mar¦tyr. & dyd theyr pylgrymage. & the gode man that was syke came thyther all na¦kyd / sauf his preuye clothes. And whan they had done. they torned home ayen in to theyr owne countre. and tolde of the miracle wheresoeuer y^• they came.

¶And also two men haue been heelyd

there of the mormale thrugh helpe of y^• holy martyr / though y^t euyll be holde in curable. And whan the Spensers herde y^• god dyd suche Miracles for this holy man / they nolde byleue it in no manere wyse / but sayd openly / y^t it was gret he resye / suche vertue of hym to byleue. and whan syr Hugh Spenser y^• sone sawe al this doynge / anone he sent his messager from Poūtfret there y^t he dwelled to kȳ Edwarde y^t tho was at Grauen at scyp¦ton / for cause y^t the kynge sholde vndo y^• pylgrymage / And as the rybaude y^• mes¦sager went towarde the kynge for to do his message / he came by the hylle there y^• good martyr was doon to dethe. & in the same place he made his ordure / & whan he had done. he rode towarde y^e kynge & a stronge flyxe came vpon hym or that he came to Yorke / & tho he shed all hys bowelles at his fūdment. And whan sir Hugh Spenser herde this tydynges / sō∣dele he was adradde / & thoughte for too vndo this pylgrymage yf he•• myghte by ony manere a waye / & anone he went to the kynge / & sayd y^t they shold be in gre¦te sklaūdre thrugh out all crystendome / for y^• deth of Thomas of Lancastre if y^t he suffred y^• people to do ther pylgryma∣ge at Poūtfret & so he coūseled y^• kynge y^t he cōmaūded to shyt y^• chirche dores of Poūtfret / in y^• which chirche y^• holy mar¦tyr was enterid. & thus they dyd ayenste all fraūchyses of holy chirche so y^• foure yere after myght no pylgryme come to y^• holy bodye. & bycause y^• monkes suffred men to come & honoure y^t holy bodye of saynt Thomas y^e martyr. thrugh coū∣sell of syr Hugh Spenser y^• sone / & thru¦ghe coūsell of mayster Robert Baldok y^• fals pylled clerke. y^t was y^• kyng{is} chaū¦celer. y^t kynge consented y^t they shold be sette to theyr wages / & lete make warde yn•• ouer ther owne good longe tyme / & thorough commaundement of the for∣sayd syr Hughe Spenser .xiiii. Gascoy∣nes well armyd kept the hylle ther that the good man saynt Thomas was don vnto his deth so that no pylgrym myght come by that way / Full well went he to haue take cristis myght and hys power and the grete boos of miracles / that he shewed for his martyr saynt Thomas thrugh al crystendom. And y^• same tyme y^• kȳge made Robert of Baldok y^• fal∣se pylled clerke. thrughe prayere of syre Hugh Spenser sone. was made Chaūse¦ler of Englonde. And in that same ty∣me was the castell of walyngforde hol∣den ayenste the kynge thrugh prysoners that weren within the castell for saynt Thomas loue of Lancastre / wherfore the people of the coūtre came & toke the castell of the prysoners / wherfore syr Io¦han of Goldyngton knyght and syr Ed¦monde of Becche prysoners were taken and sent vnto the kynge to Pountfret. & there they were done in pryson. and y^t for sayd Roger was sent vnto Yorke / & the¦re he was drawen & hangyd. And anone after syr Roger Mortymer of wygmo•• brake oute of y^• toure of London in this manere. The forsayd Roger he••de that he sholde be drawe and hangyd atte Lō¦don in y^• morow after saynt Laurēce dai & on the daye before he helde a fayre fes¦te in y^• toure of London & there was syr Stephen Segraue conestable of y^• tour & many grete men w^t them. & whan ther sholde soupe / y^• forsayd Stephen sēte for all y^• officers of y^• tour. & they came & sou¦ped w^t hym / And whan they sholde ta∣ke ther leue of hȳ. a squyre y^t was callyd Stephē. y^t was full preuy with y^• forsaid Rogere thrugh his coūsell. yaue them al suche a drynke y^t the leest of thē all slepe two dayes & two nyghtes. & in y^• meane tyme he escaped awaye by water / by the tamys / & went ouer the see & helde hym in Fraunce. wherfore the kynge was so∣re anoyed / & put the same Stephen out of his Constabelery.

¶How the quene Isabell wente in to Fraunce / for to treate of peas bytwe∣ne her lorde the kynge of Englonde and the kynge of Fraunce her broder.

THe kynge wente tho vnto Londō and there thrugh counsell of syr Hugh Spenser the fader. & of his sone / & of mayster Robert Baldok a fals pyl¦led clerke his Chaunceler. lete sease thoo all y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 londes into his hondes. and also all y^• londes y^t were syr Edwardes his sone. & were so put to theyr wagys / ayenst all maner of reson. & y^t was thru¦ghe the falsnesse of y^• Spensers. ¶And whan y^• kynge of Fraunce y^t was quene Isabelles brother herde of this falsnesse he was sore anoyed ayenst y^• kynge of en¦glonde & his fals counsellers. wherfore he sent a letter to kynge Edwarde vn∣der his seale. y^t he sholde come at a certai¦ne daye to do his homage / & therto he so ••oned hym. & els he shold lese all Gas¦coyne. And so it was ordeyned in Englō¦de thrugh the kynge & his coūsell / y^• que¦ne Isabell sholde goo into Fraunce / for to treate of peas bytwene her lorde and her broder. & y^• Olyuer of Yngham shol¦de go into Gascoyne / & haue with hym vij .M. men of armys & moo / to be Se∣neschall & wardeyne of Gascoyne. and so it was ordeyned y^t quene Isabell / ca∣me into Fraūce & with her wente syr ay¦mer of Valaunce erle of Penbroke. that was there murdred sodenly in a preuyse¦ge / but y^t was thrugh goddes vengaūce for he was one of the Iusticys y^+consen∣ted to saynt Thomas deth of Lancastre & wolde neuer after repent hym of that wyckyd dede. & at y^• tyme syr Olyuer of Yngham went ouer into Gascoyne / & dyd moche harme to the kyng of Fraūce & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he gate ayen y^• kynge Edwarde had lost. & moche more therto.

¶How kyng Edwarde sent syr Edwar¦de his sone the eldest into Fraunce.

THe quene Isabell had but a quar¦ter of a yere dwelled in Fraunce whan syr Edwarde her eldest sone axyd leue tho for to go into Fraūce / for to spe¦ke with his moder / Isabell the quene / & his fader y^• kynge graūtyd hym with a good wyll / & sayd to hym go my fayre so¦ne in goddys blessynge & myn / & thynke for to come ayen as hastely as y^• maye / And he wente ouer the see into Fraūce & y^• kynge of Fraūce his vncle receyued hym with moche honoure / & sayd vnto hym / Fayr sone ye be welcome / & for by cause y^t your fader come not to do his ho¦mage. for y^• duchye of Guyon / as his aū¦cetourrs were wont for to do. I yeue you y^t lordshyp to holde it of me in her••tage as all maner aūcetours dyde before 〈◊〉〈◊〉 wherfore he was callyd duke of Guyon

¶Howe the kynge exyled his quene Ysa¦bell & Edwarde her eldest sone.

AS kynge Edwarde of Englon¦de herd tell how y^• kyng of fraū¦ce / had yeue y^• d••chye of Guyon vnto sir Edwarde his sone•• without consent and wyll of hym & y^t his sone had receyued the duchye he became wonder wrothe•• & sent to his sone by letter / that they shold come ayen into Englonde in all y^• haste that they myghte / And the quene Isabel and syr Edward her sone were wonder sore adradde of y^• kynges menaced. & of his wrathe / & pryncypally for y^• falsnesse of y^• Spensers / both of y^• fader / & also. the sone. & at his cōmaūdement they wol¦de not come. wherfore kynge Edwarde was full sore anoyed / & lete make a crye at Londō / y^t yf quene Isabell & Edwar¦de his eldest sone / came not in Englond that they sholde be holde as oure enmy∣es / bothe to the reame / and also too the crowne of Englonde / & for y^t they nol∣de come into Englonde / but bothe were

exyled the moder and her some. ¶whan the quene herde thyse tydynges▪ she was sore adradde to be dystroyed / thrugh the fals coniectynge of y^• Spensers / & went with the knyghtes y^• were exyled out of Englonde / for saynt Thomas cause of Lancastre / his to saye / syr Roger of wig more. syr•• wellyam Trussell / syr Hohn̄ of Cromwell / & many other good knygh∣trs. wherfore they toke theyr coūsell and ordeyned amonge them / for to make a mariage bytwene y^• duke of Guyhenne the hynges sone of Englonde / & y^• erles doughter of henaude / that was a noble knyght of name & a doughty in his ty∣me•••• yf y^• thynge myghte be broughte a bowte / then stode they trowynge with y^• helpe of god & with his helpe to recouer theyr herytage in Englonde, wherfore they were put out thrugh y^• fals coniec∣tynge of the Spensers.

¶How kynge Edwarde thrugh wūsell of the Spensers sent to y^• Douzepers of Fraunce▪ that they sholde helpe that the quene Isabell & her sone syre Edwarde were exyled out of Fraunce.

AS hynge Edwarde & the Spen¦sers herde how y^• quene Isabell & syr Edwarde her sone / had alyed thez to y^• erle of Henaude / & too them y^• were exyled out of Englonde for cause of tho¦mas of Lancastre they were so sory that they wyst not what for to do▪ wherfor sir Hugh Spenser y^e sone sayd to syr hughe y^• fader in this manere wyse. Fader cur∣syd be y^• tyme & y^• counsell y^• euer ye con¦sented y^• the quene Isabell sholde go in¦to fraunce / for to treate of accorde betwe¦ne y^• kynge of Englond & her broder the hynge of Fraunce for y^• was youre cost∣sell, for at y^t tyme forsoth your wyt fay∣led / for I order me sore / leest thrugh her & her sone / we shall be dystroyed. but yt we take the better counseylle.

¶Nowfayte syres vnderstonde / howe merueylo•••• felony and falsho••••e y^• Spen¦sers ymagyned & castr. for pryuely they lete fyll fyue b••••••lles fercours with syl∣uer / y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 me amoūtyd .v.M. pounde. and they sent those barelles ouer see pryuely by an alyaunte / that was callyd Arnold of Spayne / y^• was a broker of London That he sholde go to the Douzeper•• of Fraunce / that they shalde procure / and speke to the kynge of Fraunce / that que¦ne Isabell & her sone Edwarde were dri¦uen & exyled oute of Fraunce. And amōge all othere thynges. y^t they were brou∣ght to the deth as pryuely as they myght but almyghty god wold not so / for whā this Arnolde was in the hyghse / he was take with Sclanders that mette hym in the hyghe see / and toke hym and ladde hym to the erle of Henaude theyre lorde & moche Ioy was made for that taky••••∣ge. And at the laste this Arnold pryuely stele away from thens. & came to Lond••̄ And of this takynge & of other thynges the erle of Henaude sayd to y^• quene Isa¦bell. Dame make you mery & be of go∣de there / for ye be rycher than ye ••ene•• for to be / & take thyse fyue barelles full of syluer. that were sent to the douzepers of Fraunce for to slee you and your sone Edwarde▪ and thynke you hastely for to goo into Englonde / and take with you syre Iohn̄ of Henaude my brother / and v. houndred men of armys. For mani of them of Fraūce in whome ye haue had greate truste done you for to scorne. and almyghty god graunte you that grace / your enmyes to ouercome. ¶The quene Isabell sente tho thrugh Henaude and Flaundres for her souldyours / and orde¦ned her euery daye for to go into Englō∣de ayen / And so the had in her company syr Edmonde of wodstok. that was erle of Kent. that was syr Edwardes broder of Englonde.

¶How kynge Edwarde lete kepe y^• cos¦tes by y^• see. & lete trye all y^• pryce men of armys & fote men thrugh Englonde.

AS kynge Edwarde herde telle y^• quene Isabell & Edwarde her so¦ne. wolde come into Englonde / with a grete power of alyaūtes. & with them y^• were outlawed out of Englond for ther¦reb ellyousnesse. he was sore adradde to be put downe / & for to lese his kyngdom wherfore he ordeyned to kepe his castels in walys as well as in Englonde / wyth ••ytaylles and theyre appareylles / and lete kepe his ryuers / & also the see. And at the feste of Decolation of saynt Io∣han Baptyst th•• Cytezyns of London sent to y^• kyng to Porchester an .C. men of armys. And also he cōmaunded by his letters ordeyned / y^• euery hundred & we∣pentake of Englonde / too trye as well men of armys as men on foote. & y^• they sholde be put in .xx. sōme. and in an hun¦dred sōme / And commaūded y^• alle tho men were redy whan ony shoute or crye were made / for to purpose & take y^• aly¦aun••s y^t came to Englonde for to benō me hym y^• londe for to put hym out of his kyngdom / And moreouer he lete cry thorough his patent in euery fayre & in euery market of Englonde / y^• the quene Isabell & syr Edwarde his cloest sone. & the erle of Kent. that they were take. & saufly kept wythout ••ny manere harme vnto them doynge. / & all other manere people that come w^t them. anone smyte of ther hedys. withoute ony maner raun¦som takynge of them. And what man myght brynge syr Roger••s Mortymer heed of wygmore. shold haue an hildred pounde of money for his trauayl. ¶And ferthermore he ordeyned by his patent / & ••dmaūded to make / a fyre vpon eue∣ry hyll / besyde y^• ryuers and u•• lowe coū¦trees / for too make hyghe bechenesse of tymbre. That yf it so were that the aly∣auntes came vnto londe by nyght tyme y^• then the Inhabytaūtys there abow••e sholde endeuoyr them self in goodly ha¦ste / to lyght & fyre y^• bek••nes / y^• the coū∣tre maye be warned and come and me∣te ther ennemyes. And in the tyme ••eyed¦lyt Roger Mortymer his vn••e in y^• tou¦re of London.

¶How the quene Isabell 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Edwar∣de duke of Guyhenne her sone came in¦to London at her wich / & how they dyde.

AS quene Isabell & syr Edwar∣de her sone duke of Guyhenne syr Edwarde of wodstok erle of ••••nte / & syr Iohn̄ the erles brother of Hena•• de & ther company. dradde no•••••••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of y^• kynge / ne of his traytours fo: 〈◊〉〈◊〉 trusted all in godd is grace / and came to Herewich in Southfolke y^•. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 d••y of Septībre / & in y^• yere of grace. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 xrv••. And the quene & syt Edwarde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 sone sente letters to the Mayre & co••••s nalte of London / requytynge them that they sholde be helpynge•• y^• qua•••••• and cause that they had that is so say to dy∣stroye the traytours of the ••••ame▪ But none answeres were sent aye•••• Wherfo∣re the quene and sy•• Edwarde her to ••e seute another patent letter vnder th•• sc¦ales the tenour of whiche letter here for¦lowyth in this maner. ¶Isabell by the grace of god quene of Englond la••y of Irlonde / & countesse of Pountif / and we Edwarde the eldest sone of the bynge of Englōd. duke of guyon / ••le of Chestre of Paūtyf / & of moush••••ll. to y^• Ma••re and to all the comynal•••••• of the ryts of London lendyed gretynge for asmoch•• as we haue before the sy••ue / ••ent to po•••• by our letters / how we become into this londe in good arraye and in good ma∣nere / for the honour and profyte of holy thir••he and of our dere lorde the hyng & all the ••eame with all oure myght and power / to kepe / and inayutrne•• as we / 〈◊〉〈◊〉

all y^• gode folk of the forsayd reame are holden to doo / And vpon y^• we pray you that ye w••ll be helpynge to vs in as mo¦che as ye maye in this quarell y^e is for y^• comune profyte of the forsayd reame / & we haue had to this tyme no•••• answere of y^• forsayd letters / ne knowe not your mynde in y^• party. wherfore we sende to you ayen & praye & charge you / y^• ye bes te you so ayenst vs / y^• we haue no cause to greue you / but y^• ye ben vnto vs help y^• ge by all the wayes y^• ye maye / or maye knowe / For wytte ye well in certen / that we & all y^• be come with vs into this rea¦me / thynke not to doo ony thynge. but y^• thynge that shall be for the comyn profi¦te of all the reame / but ••only to dystroye Hugh Spenser our enmye / & enmye too all y^• reame / as ye it well knowe / wher∣fore ye praye you / & charge you in y^• faith that ye owe vnto our lyege lorde y^• kyng & to vs / & vpon all y^t ye shall mowe for fayte ayen vs. y^• yf y^• sayd Spenser oure enmye come within your power / y^• ye do hym hastely to be take / and saufly kepte vntyll ye haue ordeyned of hym our wil and y^• ye leue it notte in no manere wyse as ye desyre honoure & profyte of vs all and of al the reame. Vnderstondynge ye ryght well that yf ye do this our prayer and streyghte cōmaundement / we thyn∣ke vs somoche y^• more beholdynge vnto you. And also ye shall gete you worshyp & also profyte. yf ye sende vs hastely an∣swer of all youre wyll ayen at Baldok the syxte daye of Octobre. whiche letter in the dawnynge of y^• daye of saynt De¦nys / was tachyd vpon the newe crosse in Chepe / and many copyes of y^• same let∣ter were tackyd vpon wyndowes & dores and vpon other places in she cyte of lon¦don / that all men passynge by the waye myght them rede and se / And in the sa∣me tyme kynge Edwarde was at Lon∣don in the toure at his mete / And a mes¦sager came into the hall and sayde / that the quene Isabell was come to loude at Here wiche. and hath broughte in her cō¦pany syr Iohn̄ of 〈◊〉〈◊〉. & with him men of armes without nombre. And w^t that worde syr Hugh Spenser the fader spake / & thus vnto the kynge sayd. My moost worshypfull lorde & kynger of En¦glonde now make good chere / for certen¦ly they been all oures. The kynge sawe this worde comfortable. yet he was full sorowfull & pensyf in his herte. And the kynge had not fully eten / but there came into the halle a nother messager / & sayd that the quene Isabell was arryued atte Herewich besyde ypswytche in South∣folke / syr Hugh Spenser y^• fader spake to the messager & sayd / Tell soche in go¦de fayth my fayr frende: is she come w^t a grete strenth. Now certes y^• soche for too saye syr sayd the messagere. she ne hathe in her companye but .vii. houndred men of armys. And with y^• wordesyt Hughe Spenser the fader cryed with an hyghe voyce & sayd / Alas alas we ben all be∣trayed. for certes with soo lytyll powere she had neuer come to loude / but yf fol∣ke of this londe were vnto her consce••te. & therfor after ther mete they to be coun¦sell. & went towarde wallys / for to arere the walsshmen ayenst the quene Isabell & Edwarde her sone / all for to fyghte & so they were in purpose euerychone.

¶How mayster water Stapylton bys∣shop of Excetre y^• was the kynges tres••ter / was heedyd at London.

ANd in y^• same tyme kynge Ed∣warde was sore adredde / leest y^• men of London wolde yelde theym vn∣to the quene Isabell / And too her sone Edwarde / wherfore he set mayster 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ter Stapylton his cresorer / for to be 〈◊〉〈◊〉 deyne / and keper of the Cytre of Lon∣don / with the Mayrt / And so came too the Gylde halle of London:and axyd y^• keyes of the yates of the Cyte•• / thr••ghe

〈◊〉〈◊〉 and strenth of his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & wolde haue had the kepynge of the cyte And the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 answerd: & sayd that they wolde kepe the cyte to the honoure of kynge Edwarde & of Isabell the que¦ne / & of the duke the kynges sone wyth¦oute ony more. The bysshop tho was so as 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & swore othe•• / y^• they all shold abye it anone as the kynge Edward we¦re come oute of walys. ¶And the comu¦ners all anone of y^• cyte toke the bysshop & lad hym anone amyddes of y^• Chepe / & there they smote of his heed & sethys heed in his ryghte honde. & forth with y^• same comyns of the cytee of London by hedyd two of his squyres y^t helde with y^• bysshop / & one of them was called wyl¦lyam of wayle / y^• was y^• bysshops neuew And y^• other was callyd Iohn̄ of Pady••∣ton. And also they toke a burgeys of Lō¦don y^• was callyd Iohn̄ Mershall. y^• was syr Hugh Spenser espye y^• fader / & sino¦te of his heed also / And in y^• same tyme y^• bysshop had in London a fayt tour in makynge in his close / vpon y^• tyuer Te¦se y^• was without temple barte / and he fayled stone to make therof an ende and he cōmaunded his men to go to y^• frere Carmes / & ther they toke stone to make therwith y^• toure / & moche sonde & mor∣ter & olde robous y^• was lefte. And for y^• dyspyte y^• the bysshop had done vnto ho¦ly chirch / he & his two squyres were bu¦ryed in that sonde. as thoughe they had ben houndes / & there they laye .xi. wekes tyll that the quene Isabell sente her let∣ters to the comuners / & prayed them that they wolde suffre & graunt. that the bys¦shop myght be take out of that place / & be buryed at Excetre at his owne chirch And so he was / & his two squyres were buryed at saynt Clementes chirche with¦oute temple barre. And it was no won∣der though that bysshop deyed an euyll deth••. For he was a courytous man and had with hym no mercye / & euyll coun∣seyled y^• kynge. And sone after was Ar¦nold of Spayne take. that assemyd too lede y^• .v.M.li. of syluer in fyue batelles fetyers vnto the douzepers of Fraunce / for to helpe & hast y^• quene Isabell to her dethe. & Edwarde her sone also. & thys Arnold was put to dethe w^t out y^• cytr.

¶How kynge Edwarde and syr Hughe Spenser and the erle of Arundell were taken.

AS kynge Edwarde hadde sent mayster walter Stapylton / his tresorer into London / for to kepe the cy¦te vnto hym ayenst the quene Isabell •••• wyf / & ayenst Edwarde his sone / anone hymself toke with hym syr Hugh Spen¦ler the sone. & syr Iohn̄ of Arundell and mayster Robert Baldok his Chaunce¦ler a fals pylled clerke & toke the•• waye towarde Brystow / And there the kyng abode a lytyll tyme / and made syr Hugh Spenser y^• fader as Conestable & keper of the castell. And the kynge and that o¦ther Spenser went to shyppe / and sayl∣led towarde walys / and toke no leue of the kynges Stewarde / ne of none of the kyngys housholde / and went ouer into walys for to ar••re the walsshmen apen¦ste dame Isabell the quene and the duke her sone / And the erle of Kent / and syre Iohn̄ of Henaude / And they wente and pursued after them / And ther power en¦creacyd euery daye / Soo at the laste the kynge was taken vppon an bylle in wa¦lys / and Syr Hughe Spenser the sone in that othere syde of the same hylle & the false pylled clerke mayster Roberte Baldok there faste besyde theym / And were bronghte ayen in to Englonde / as almyghty god wolde / And the kynge hȳ¦selfe was put in sauf kepynge in y^• castel of Kenylworth / & hym kept syr Henry y^• was saynt Thom••s brother of ••ancas tre / and syr Nugh the fader came & put hym in the quenes grace and Edwarde her sone duke of Gupon / But syr Hugh

Spenser after the tyme that he was ta∣ke•• wolde neuer ete no manere meete ••e drynke no manere drynke / for he wyste to haue no mercye / sauf only too be deed ¶And the quene & her coūsell had ordey¦ned / that he sholde haue be doon to deth at London. But he was so feble for his moche fastynge y^t he was nyghe deed / & therfore it was ordeyned. y^t he sholde ha¦ue his Iugement at Herforde. & at a pla¦ce of the toure his heed was take frome his body. & alsoo fro Roberte Baldok y^t was a fals pylled clerk & y^• kynges chaū¦celer. And men sette vpon theyr heedys chaplettys of sharpe nettles / & two squy¦res blewe in therecrys / with two greate bugle hornes / vpon the two prysoners. y^t me•• myght here ther. blowen oute with homes more than a myrle. & one Symōd of Rydynge y^• kyng{is} Marshall bare be fore them vpon a spere ther armys reuer¦syd / in token y^• they sholde be vndon for¦euermore. And vpon y^• morowe was syr Hugh Spēser y^• sone dampned to dethe & was drawen hangyd & heedyd. & hys bowels taken out of his body. & brent. & after that he was quartred / & his foure quarters were sente to the foure townes of Englonde / & his heed sente to Lon∣don brydge / And this Symond for cau¦se y^• he dyspysed quene Ysabell / he was drawen and hangyd in a stage made. a myddes y^• forsayd syr Hughes galowes And y^• same daye a lytyll frō thens was syr Iohn̄ of Arundell behcedyd / bycause he was one of syr Hugh Spensers coū∣selers. And anone after was syr Hughe Spenser fader hangyd and drawen / & hedyd at Brystow / & after hangyd aye¦by the armys with two stronge ropes. & the fourth daye after he was hewen all to pecys / & houndes ete hym. And bycau¦se y^• the kynge had yeuen hym y^• erldom of wynchestre his heed was sent thether & put vpon a spere / And y^• fals Baldok was sente to London & ther he deyed in pryson amonge theues / for men dyd hȳ 〈…〉〈…〉 / than they wolde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 vnto an hounde. And so deyed the tray¦tours of Englonde blessyd be almyghti god. And it was no wonder. for thrughe ther coūsell y^• good erle Thomas of La¦castre was doon vnto dethe & all y^• held with Thomas of Lancastre thrugh the tratours were vndone & all theyr heyres dysheryted.

¶Howe kynge Edwarde was put dow¦ne / & his dygnyte take from hym.

ANd andne after as all this was doon. the quene Ysabell and Ed¦warde her sone & all the grete lordes of Englonde at one assente / sent to kynge Edwarde to the castell of Kenylworthe / there as he was in kepynge vnder y^• war¦de of syr Iohn̄ Hachin. that was the bys¦shop of Ely. and of syr Iohn̄ of Pereye a baron / for bycause that he sholde ordei¦ne his parlement at a certayne place in Englonde / for to redresse and amende y^• state of the reame. And kynge Edwar∣de them answerde and sayd Lordes said he ye se full well how it is. Loo here my seale / and I gyue to you all my power for to calle & ordeyne a parlement where that ye wylle. ¶And thenne they tooke theyr leue of hym and came ayen to the barons of Englonde / And whanne thei hadde the kynges Patent of this thyn∣ge / they shewed it to the lordes. And the was ordeyned / that the parlement shold be at westmestre. at y^• Vtas of saynt Hy¦lari / And all the grete lordes of Englon¦de lete ordeyned theym there ayenst that tyme that the parlement sholde. be. And atte whiche daye she parlement was the kynge wolde not come there for no m••¦nere of thynge / as he had set hymself & assygned. And netheles the barons se•••• vnto hymoo tyme & other. And he ••we¦re by goddyss oute. y^• he wolde not come ther do fote. wherfor it was ordey••ed by all the greate lordes of Englonde / that

he sholde no lenger be kyng / but be dep•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 And sayd / y^• they wolde crowne Ed¦warde his sone / y^• elder / y^• was the duke of Guyhenne. And sente tydynges v•• to the kynge there y^• he wa in warde vn¦der syr Iohn̄ erle of Garen. & syr Iohn̄ of B••thu••. y^• was bysshop of Ely / and syr henry Percy a baron / & syr wyllyam Trussell a knyghte / y^• was with y^• Erle syr Thomas of Lancastre / for too yelde vp ther homages vnto hym for all thez of Englonde. ¶And syr wyllyā Trus¦sell sayd thyte wordes. ¶Syr Edward for cause y^• ye haue trayed youre people of Englonde / & haue vndone many gre¦te lordes of Englonde withoute ony cau¦se / ye shall be deposyd / & now ye be with¦stand thankyd be god / And also for cau¦se y^• ye wold not come to the parlement asye ordeyned at westmestre / as in your letter patent ••••is conteyned / for to treate with youre owne lyege men as a kynge sholde And therfor thrughall the comȳs ass••••••e / & all the lordes of Englonde / I tell vnto you these wordes. Ye shall vn∣derstande syr / y^• the barons of Englond at one assente / wylle that ye be no more kynge oh Englond but vtterly haue put you o ute of your cryalte foreuer more And the bysshop of Ely sayd tho to the kyng Syr Edwade Iyelde vp feaute & homage for all y^• archebysshops & bys∣shops of Englōd & for all y^• clergy Tho sayd syr Iohn̄ erle of Garenne•• Syr Edwarde Iyelde vp here vnto you feau¦te & homage for me and for all the erles of Englonde. ¶And syre Henry Percy yaue vp also his homage for hym & for all y^• barons of Englond. And tho sayd syr wyllyam Trussell / Iyelde vp nowe vnto you myn homage for me & also for all the knyghtes of Englonde / & for all them that holde by seryauntre. or by on•• other thynge of you / so y^• from this day after ye shall not be clamyd kynge no∣ther for hynge be holde / but from this ty¦me afterwarde ye shall be holde for a sȳ guler man of all the people. ¶And soo they wente ••••ens too London ther•• that the lordes of Englonde them abode / & syr Edwarde abode in pryson in goode kepynge / And this was on the daye of y^• Conuers••an of saynt Poule. in the .xx. ye¦re of his regne.

¶Of the prophecye of Merlyndedare •• uf kynge Edwarde the sone of kynge / Edwarde the fyrste.

OF this kynge Edwarde prophecy ed Merlyn•• & sayd / y^• there sholde come a gote out of Carre. y^• sholde haue hornes of syluer / & a berde as where as snowe. And a drope sholde come out of his nosethrylles / that shold betoken mo the harme Hungre / and dethe of people & grete losse of his londe / And 〈…〉〈…〉 gynnynge of his regne sholde be haū••••d moche lechery. And he sayd sothe. alas y^• tyme For kynge Edwarde y^• was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Edwardes sone was boine at Ca••nary¦uaun in walys / forsothe he had homes of syluer. and a berde as wh••••e as ••n / we Whan he was made prynce of walys to moche he yaue hym to tyot. and too toly And sothe sayd Merlyn in his prophery y^t there sholde come out of his ••ose a deo¦pe. For in his tyme was grete hunger a∣monge the poo••e people / & strongr dethe amonge the ryche / y^• deyed in strannge londe with moche sorow / & in werre in Scotlonde. And after he lost Scotlond and Gascoyne / & whyle that hymselfe was kynge there was moche lechery 〈◊〉〈◊〉 tyd. ¶And also Merlyn tolde and sayd that this gore sholde seke the floure of lyt & of deth & he sayd sothe. For he spou¦syd Isabell the kyng{is} syster of Fraunce And in his tyme Merlyn sayd that the¦re sholde be made brydge•• of folke vp∣pon dyches of the see / and that was wel seen att Bannockes home in Scotlonde whan be wa•••• dys cōfyted thereof y^• scor∣tes / And Merlyn tolde also / that stones

sholde fall from castels. and many tou∣ne•• sholde be made playne. And he sayd sothe / For whan kynge Edwarde was dyscomfyted in Slotlonde & came thoe south warde / the Scottes besegyd tho cas¦tels / & dyd them moche barme & brente townes into the herd erthe. ¶And after warde Merlin tolde that an Egle shold come out of Cornewayle / that shold ha¦ue feders of golde / y^• of pryde shold haue no pere and he sholde dispyse lordes of blood & after he sholde dey thrugh a beer at Gauersich & that prophecy was full wel knowe & funde soth for by the egle vnderstonde syr Pers of Ganaston that tho was erle of Cornewayle that was a wonder proude man that dyspysed the baronage of Englonde. but afterwarde he was heeded at Gauersych thrugh the erle of Lancastre & thrugh therle of war wyh. y^• And Merlyn tolde / that in his ty¦me it sholde seme that the beer shold brē ne and that bataylle sholde be vpon an arme of the s••e in a felde / arayed lyke a sheld. where sholde deye many white he des. And he sayd sothe. For by the bryu∣nynge of the beer it betokenyd grete dre¦de thrughe hyttynge of swerdes at y^• ba∣taple of Miton / for there came the Scot¦tes in manere of a slelde / in manere of a wynge and slewe men of relegyon pr••∣st••s and seculers / wherfore the Scottes callyd that batayll in dyspyte of the En¦glysshmen / the white batayll. And after Merlyn sayd the forsayd beer sholde do the gote moche harme. & y^• sholde be vp∣pon the southweste. & also vpon his blo¦de / And sayd also / that the gote sholde le¦se moche deale of his londe. tyll the tyme that shame sholde hym ouercome / & thē he sholde clothe hym in a lyons skynne and sholde wynne ayen that he had lost and more thrughe people that sholde co¦me out of the Northwest / that sholde ma¦ke hym to be a ferde. & hym auenge vp∣pon his enmyes thrugh counsell of two ••••les / that fyrst sholde be in paryll too be vndon. And that tho two o••••kes shel¦de go 〈◊〉〈◊〉 see 〈◊〉〈◊〉 stranngs londe•• and there they sholde dwell vnto a certayne tyme. and then they sholde come unto en¦glonde ayen / And tho two owles sholde do moche harme vnto many one. & that they sholde coūsell the gote to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••er¦re aycust the forsayd beer. And the gote and che owles / sholde come to as arme of the set at Burton vpon tre••••t / y^• shol¦de goouer / & that for drede the beer shol¦de flee with a swanne in his companye to Bury towarde the North. thrugh an vnkynde outpulter / & that the swanne thenne shall be slayne with sorowe / and the beer sholde be slayne full nyghe hys owne nest. that sholde stonde vpon poūt¦ftet / vpon whome the sonne shall shede his beemes: And many folke hym shall seke for vertue. And he sayd sothe. For y^• good Erle Thomas of Lancastre was borne in the Northwest. and cosyn to the kynge. & his vncles sone. And by law he made the kynge lese moche londe / y^• whi¦che he had pu•• chacyd wylfully. tyll at y^• last the kynge toke therof shame / & him¦selfe slew with ••••uelte. And after he ga te ayen that he had lost / and moche mo¦re thrugh folke that he lete assemble out of the north west / that made hym too be adradde. And auengyd hym on his ba∣rons / thrugh counsell ofsyt Hugh spen¦ser the fader / and of syt Hughe the sone that before were outlawed for they•• wye kydnesse. But afterwarde they came a yen into Englonde / syr Hugh Spenser the fader cameout of Fraūce / & somoche counseled the hynge / that he sholde wer¦re vpon Thomas of Lancastre. So that the kynge and the Spensers and the er¦le of Arundell and theyr power mette w^t Thomas of Lancastre a•• Burton vpō trente / and hym there dyscomfyted and lyr Vmtroy erle of Herforde was in his company. And after fledde the forsayd Thomas and Humf••oy with theye ••••∣pany to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 metynge with 〈◊〉〈◊〉

Andrew of Herkela / that is callyd y^• vn¦kynde outpulter / & also syre Symonde warde erle of Yorke came & mette with Thomas of Lancastre w^t an huge pow¦er / & them dyscomfyted / & in y^• scomfy∣ture the erle of Herforde was slayne vp¦pon the brydge cowardly with a spere ī the fūdement. & the erle Thomas was take & lad vnto Poūtfiet. & tho was he dyd besyde his owne castell. But after¦warde many hym sought for miracles y^• god dyd for hym. ¶And in y^• tyme mer¦lyn sayd. for sorow & harme sholde deye a people of his londe / wherfore many lō¦des sholde be vpon hym y^• more bolder / & he sayd sothe for bycause of his barōs y^• were doon to dethe for saynt thomas quarell of Lancastre. people of many lō∣des became y^• bolder for to meue werre vpon y^• kynge / for their blood was tor∣ned to many nacyons. ¶And afterwar¦de Merlyn tolde & sayd y^• y^• forsaydow¦les sholde do moche harme vnto y^• flour of lyf & deth / & they sholde brynge her to moche / dysese. so y^• she sholde go ouer see in to Fraūce for to make peas to y^• flou¦re delyce. & there sholde abyde tyll a ty∣me her sede sholde come & fetche her / & tho they sholde abyde bothe tyll y^• tyme / y^• they sholde clothe them with grace / & tho two owles she sholde seke. & put thē to pyteuous dethe. & y^• prophecy was ful well know. & was full sothe / for syr hu∣ghe Spenser y^• fader. & syr Hughe the so¦ne / dyde moche sorow & persecucōn vn∣to y^• quene Isabell thrugh theyr procure¦ment to her lorde y^• kynge / so they ordei¦ned amonge them. y^• she was put vntoo her wagys. That is to saye .xx: shelyng{is} in y^e daye. wherfore y^• kynge of Fraunce her brother was sore anoyed. & sent in en¦glonde by his letters vnto kyng Edwar¦de to come vnto his parlement to Parys in Fraunce. But kynge Edwarde was sore adrad to come there / for he wend to haue be arestyd tyll that he had made a¦mendes for y^• trespase y^• syr Hugh Spen¦ser the fader and the sone had done and for the harme that they had done vnto quene Isabell his syster / wherfore thru∣ghe his ordynaunce and consent of the. Spensers. the quene Isabell went ouer see into Fraunce for to make accorde be twene kynge Edwarde and the kynge of Fraunce her brother▪ And there dwel∣lyd she in Fraunce / tyll Edwarde her el¦dest sone came her for too seke / and so they dwellyd there both tyll that alyaū••¦ce was made bytwene them and the gē¦tyll erle of Henaude / that yf they wyth ther vertue myght dystroye and ouerco∣me the venym and the falsnesse of the•• Spensers / that spr Edward shold spow¦sedame Phylip the worshypfull lad•••• the erles doughter of Henauds / wherfore the quene Isabell and Edwarde her so¦ne / and syr Edward of wodstok the ••••¦ges brother of Englonde / and syre Io han of Henaude / and syre Rog••••e: Mo∣tymer of wygmore / and syre Thomas Rocelyn / and syre Iohn̄ of C••omwelle and syr wyllyam Trussell / and man•••• other of the alyaunce of the gentyll erle Thomas of Lancastre / that were e••yled out of Englonde for his quarell and we¦re dyshertted of theyr londes orderned them a grete power / and arryued at H••∣rewich in Sonthfolke / And sone aft•••• they pursewed y^• Spensers tyll y^• then we¦re taken & put to piteous deth as before is sayd. & ther cōpany also / for y^• grrate falsnes y^• they dyd to kynge Edward. & to his peple. And Merly sayd also more y^• the gote shold be put in grete dystresse & in grete anguyssh & in grete sorow he sholde lede his lyfe / And he sayd sothe / For after the tyme that kynge Edwar∣de was take he was put into warde tyll y^• the Spensers were put to dethe and al¦so bycause that he wolde not come vnto his parlemente at. London as he hadde ordeyned and assygned hymself vnto his baronage / and also wold not gouer•••• / •••• rule his people••ne his trame as a kyn∣ge

sholde doo. wherfore some of the ba∣rons of Englonde came & yelde vp ther homages vnto hym / for theym & all the other of y^• reame. in the daye of y^• conuer¦syon of saynt Poule / in y^• yere of his reg¦ne .xx. And they put hym out of his ryal¦tee for euermore / And euer lyued after∣warde in moche sorowe & anguysshe.

LOdowicus was emperour after Henry foure yere. this Lodewye was duke of Banare / & he dyspysed the corouacōn of the pope / wherfor the pope deposyd hym / and moche labour & ma∣ny perylles he had after And he trowbled gretly the vnyte of holy chirche. And thē was chosyn ayenst hym Frederyk the du¦ke of Ostryche. & he ouercame the duke and abode arebelyon to his ende. and in grete peryll to his soule / And at the last Rarolus was chosen ayenst hym / y^• whi¦che preuaylled / and sodenly Lodewic fel do¦wne of his hors and dyscessyd.

¶Iohn̄ Mandeuyll a douctour of phy¦syh & a knyght borne was in Englon∣de abowte this tyme. And he made a merueylous pylg••ymage. for he went al¦moost abowte all the world. & he wrote his dedys in thre langages. & decessyd. & was buried at saynt Albons.

¶Benedictus the .xxii. was pope after Iohn̄ .vii. yeres & more / this man wos a monke / & in all his yongthe he was of good cōuersacyon / & a doctour of diuini¦te. And whan he was made pope / he re∣fourmed thordre of saynt Benet in that thynge y^• was nescessary / & he was a har¦de man to graunte benifyces / lest he had graūtyd it to an vncunnynge man / he made a deretall / y^• whiche began (Be∣nedictus de{us} in donis suis) And he was very cruell in his fayth / & for that of sō¦men lytyll louyd / He was so stoute a mā that almoost he wolde not know his ow¦ne cosyns.

¶Anno dn̄t .M.CCC.xxii.

¶Of kynge Edwarde the chyrde after the Conqueste.

ANd after this kynge Edwarde Carnariuan regned syr Edwar¦de of wyndsore his sone / y^• whiche was crowned kynge / & anoynted at westmes¦tre / thrugh coūsell & consent of all y^• gre¦te lordes of y^• reame. y^• Sondaye in Can¦delmasse eue. in y^• yere of grace .M.CC¦C.xxvi. y^• was of aege at that tyme but xv. yere And for cause y^• his fader was in warde in y^• castell of Kenilworth and also was put downe of his ryaltee / the reame of Englonde was without kyng from y^• feest of saynt Katheryn frome y^• yere aboue sayd to the feest of Candel∣masse. And tho were all maner ple•••• of the kynges bynche astente. And tho was cōmaunded to all y^• Shy••efs of Englō∣de thrughe wrytte / to warne the partyes to defendaūtys / thrugh somnynge ayen And also ferthermore / that al prysoners that were in the kynges gayolles / that were attachid thrughe Shyrefs / sholde be lete goo quyte. ¶The kynge Edwar¦de after his coronacōn / at the prayer / & besechynge of his lyege of the reame. gra¦untyd them a chartre of stedfast peas to all them that wolde it axe / And syr Io∣han of Henaude. and his company toke his leue of the kynge and of the lordes of the reame. and tor••yd home to theyre owne coūtre ayen: And eche of them had full ryche yeftes. euery man as he was of value & estate. ¶And tho was Englon¦de in rest & peas / & grete loue bytwene y^• kynge and his lordes. And comyuly Eu¦glysshmen sayd amonges them that the deuyll was dede / ••ut the innumerable / iresoure of the kynge his fader / and the tresour of the Spensers / bothe of the ••a∣der and of the sone / and of the erle of A¦rundell / & of mayster Robert Baldok y^• was y^• kyng{is} chaūceler was departyd af¦ter y^• quene Isabelles ordynaūce & sir Ro¦gere Mortymers of wygmore / soo that

the kynge had no thynge there of. but at her wyll and her delyueraūce / 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of their londes / as after warde ye shall here.

¶How kynge Edwarde went vnto stā¦thop for to mete the Scottes.

ANd yet in the same tyme was y^• kynge in y^• castell of kenylworth vnder the kepynge of syr Henri / y^t was erle Thomas of Lancasters broder. that tho was erle of Lcycetre. And the kynge graūtyd hym y^• erldome of Lancastre / y^t y^e kyng his fader had seasyd into his hō de & put out Thomas of Lancastres bro¦der. & soo was he erle of Lancastre & of Lcycetre / & also Stywarde of Englōde as his broder was in his tyme. But syr Edwarde y^t was kynge Edwardes fad{er} made sorowe withoute ende / bycause he myght not speke with his wyf. ne wyth his sone / wherfore he was in moche mis¦cheyf / For though it was so y^• he was led de and rulyd by fals coūsell / yet he was kynge Edwards sone callyd Edwarde with y^• longe shankys / & came out of y^e worthyest blood of the worlde. & they to whome he was wonte to yeue grete yef∣tys & large. were moost preuy with y^• kȳ¦ge his owne sone / And they wre his en¦myes bothe by nyght & by daye / & procu¦red to make debate & contake bytwene hym and his sone / and Isabell his wyf But the frere prechers were to hym go∣de frendes euer more / & cast both by ny∣ght and by day. how they myght brynge hym oute of pryson. And amonge theyr company y^t the freres had prpurly brou∣ght / there was a frere that was callyd / Dunhened and he had ordeyned & ga∣dryd a grete cōpany of folke to kepe at y^• nebe / but y^e frere was taken & put in the castell of pountfret / & there be deyed in pryson / & syr henry erle of Lancastre / y^• had y^• kynges fader in kepynge / thrugh cōmandement of the kynge. delyuerd Ed¦warde the kynges fader by endenture to syr Thomas of Berkelay. And soo syr Iohn̄ Matreuas & they lad hym frō the castell of kenylworth to y^• castell of Ber kelay / & kept hym there saufly. ¶And at Ester next after his coronacōn: y^• kyn∣ordeyned a grete huge hoste / for to fyght ayenst y^• Scottes / And syr Iohn̄ y^• erles brother of Henaude came from beyonde the see / for to helpe kynge Edwarde & brought w^t hym .vij.C. men of armys & arryued at Douer & they had leue for to go forth tyll they came to Yorke. they y^• kynge them abode / & y^• scottes came the der to y^• kyng / for to make peas & accor¦de / but y^• accordement lasted not bytwe¦ne thē but a lytyll tyme And at y^t tyme the Englysshmen were clothed all 〈◊〉〈◊〉 co¦tes & hodes paynted with letters & with floures full semely w^t longe berdes and therfor y^• scottes made a byll, y^• was fast¦nyd vpon y^• chirche dores of laynt Pen••to warde stangate, & thus sayd y^• sarp•••• re in dyspyte of Englysshemen Longe berdes hertles / payntyd hodes wrotles g••••ye cotes graceles makyth Englōd thrif¦telees)

SO in y^• Triny•••• daye nerte after began y^• contak in y^• cyte of Yo∣ke bytwene y^• Englysshmen & y^• Henan¦des: & in y^• debate were slayne of y^• erldō of Nicholl & murdred .lxxx. men. & after they were buryed in saynt clemētis chir∣che in Fosgate. & for cause y^• y^• Henaudes came to helpe y^• kynge. ther peas was cri¦ed vpon payne of lyf & lȳme. & in y^• other half it was foūde by an enquest of y^• e••te y^• the Englysshmen began y^• debate.

¶Howe the Englysshmen stoppyd the Scottes in the parke of Stanope & how they torned ayen into Scotlonde.

THis tyme the Scottes hadde as∣sembled all theyr power & came into Englonde / and slewe & robbyd all that they myght take / and also brente &

dystroyed all the north countre thrughe oute / tyll y^• they came vnto the the parke of Stanhope in weridale / & there y^• Scot¦tes helde theym in a busshment / but whā the kynge had herde thrugh spyes whe∣re y^• scottes were / anone ryght w^t his hos¦te besegyd them within y^• forsayd parke so y^• the scottes wist not where to go oute but oonly vnto ther harmes. And they a¦bode in the parke: xv. dayes / & vytaylles faylled them in euery syde. so y^• they we¦re greatly peyred of bodyes / & syth that Brute came fyste into Brytayne vnto this tyme / there was neuer seen so fayre an host / what of Englysshmen / & of aly¦ūtes & of men of fote / y^• whiche ordeined theym for to fyght with y^• Scottes / thru¦ghe eggynge of syr Henry of Lancastre & of syr Iohn̄ Henaude / y^• wold haue go¦ne ouer y^• water of wyth for to haue fou ght with y^• scottes. But syr Roger Mor¦tuner consentyd not therto / for he hadd p••yuely taken mede of y^• scottes them to helpe / y^• they myght go awaye into their owne coūtre••••. ¶And this same Morty¦mer coūseylled somoch Thomas of bro¦therton y^• erle Marshall ••hat was kynge Edwardes vncle. y^• y^• forsayd Thomas sholde not assemble at that tyme vnto y^• Scottes. And he assentyd. but he wyste not the doynge bytwene y^• Scottes & the forsayd Mort••mer / And bycause that he was Marshall of Englonde / as to hyz¦perteyned euer y^• vaūtwarde. he sent has¦tely to y^• erle of Lancastre / & to syr Iohn̄ of Henaude / y^• they sholde not fyght w^t the Scottes / in preiudyce & harmyng of hym & his fee / & yf they dyd y^• thei shold stonde to theyr owne paryll. And the for¦sayd erle Marschall was all arayed w^t his batayll / at y^• reredoos of the erle of Lancastre / for to haue fought with him & with his folke yf he had go to fyghte w^t the scottes / & in this manere he was dysceyued & wist no thynge of y^• treason And thus was y^• kynge pryncypally dis¦ceyued. And whan it was nyght Morty¦mer / y^• had the watche for to hepe of the host / y^• nyght dystrobled y^• watche y^• noo thynge myght be doon. And in y^• meane while y^• Scottes stele by nyght towarde theyr owne coūtre as fast as they myght ¶And so was the kyng falsly betrayed y^• wenyd y^• all the traytours of his londe had ben broughte to an ende as it was sayd before. ¶Now here you lordes how traytoursly kynge Edwarde was dyscei¦ued. & howe meruayllously & boldly the Scottes dyd of werre / For Iamys dou∣glas with two hundred men of armys rode thrugh out all y^• host of kynge Ed¦warde / y^• same nyght y^• Scottes escaped towarde theyr owne coūtree as is aboue sayd / tyll y^• they came to y^• kyngis paui¦lyon / & slewe there many men in theyre beddes / and cryed Naward naward / & a nother tyme a Douglas a Douglas / wherfore y^• kynge y^• was in his pauylyō & moche other folke / were wonder sore a¦frayed / But blyssyd be almyghty god y^• kynge was not taken / and in greate pe¦ryll was tho the reame of Englonde. & that nyght the moone shone full clere / and bryght. And for all the kynges men the Scottes scapyd harmeles. ¶And on the morowe whan the kynge wyste that the Scottes were escapyd into theyr ow¦ne countrey he was wonder sory / & fulle hertely wepte with his yonge eyen / and yet wyst he notte who hadde hym done that treason. But that fals treason was full welle I knowen a good while after as the storye makyth mencyon / ¶Tho kynge Edward came ayen vnto Yorke full sorowfull / And his host departyd / & euery man went into his owne countre with full heuy chere and mornynge sem¦blaunt / And the Henaundes toke theyr leue and went into theyr owne countree And the kynge for theyr trauaylle / huge¦ly rewarded thē / ¶And for bycause of y^• vyage / y^• kynge had dyspended moche

of his tresoure and wastyd. And in that tyme were seen two moones in y^• fyrma¦ment / y^• one was clere / & that other was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / as men myght see thrugh y^• worl¦de. ¶And a grete debate was y^• same ty¦me agaynst pope Iohn̄ y^• .xxii. after saȳe petyr. & y^• emperour of Almayn tho ma¦de hym emperoure ayenst y^• popys wyll y^• tho helde his see at Auinion. wherfore the ••mperoure made his crye at Rome & ordeyned another pope / y^• hyght Nicho¦las / y^• was a frere Minor / & that was a yenste y^• ryght of holy chirche. wherfore he was cursyd. & the power of y^• othere pope soon layed. And for cause that such merueylles were seen / men sayd that the worlde was nygh at an ende.

¶Of the dethe of kynge Edwarde of Carnariuan.

ANd now go we ayen / to syr Ed∣warde of Carnariuan that was kynge Edwards fader / somtyme kynge of Englonde. & put downe of his dygny¦te. Alas for his trybulacōn & sorow that hym befell thrugh fals coūsell. y^• he louid & trustyd vpon tomoche. y^• afterward we¦re dystroyed thrugh ther falsnesse as god wolde. ¶And this Edwarde of Carna¦riuan / was in y^• castell of Berkelay vn¦der y^• warde & kepynge of syr Moryce of ••erkelay / & also of syr Iohn̄ Matreues and to them he made his complaynte of his sorowe and of his disese. And ofte•• ty¦mes axyd of his wardeyns. what he had trespassed ayenst dame Isabell his wyfe and syr Edwarde his sone. that was ma¦de newe kynge / that they wolde not visi¦te hym. ¶And tho answerde one of his ••••rdeyns & sayd. My worthy lorde dys∣pleyse you not that I shall telle you the cause is. for it is do••n them to vnderstō∣de / that yf my lady your wyfe came ony thynge nyghe you. that ye wold her strā gle and slee / and also that ye wolde do•• to my lorde your sone in the same wyse ¶Tho answerde he with symple there Alas alas am not I in pryson / & all 〈◊〉〈◊〉 youre owne wyll / now god it wote I thou¦ght it neuer / and nowe I wolde that I were dede / ••o wolde god that I were. for thenne were all my sorowe passyd / ¶It was not longe after. that the kynge thru¦ghe coūsell of Roger Mortimer / graun∣tyd y^• warde & kepynge of syr Edwarde his fader vnto syr Thomas To••oursy & to y^• forsayd syr Iohn̄ Matreuers thru¦ghe y^• kynges letter / & put out hooly the forsayd syr Moryce of y^• warde of y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ge. And they toke and ladde the kynge vnto the castell of ••o••f. y^• whiche castell the kynge hatyd as ony dethe / And they kept hym there tyll it came vnto saynt / Mathewes daye in Septembre in the ye¦re of grace .M.CCC:xx••u. that the for sayd syr Roger Mortymer sent the ma∣nere of y^• dethe / how & in what wyse he sholde be done to dethe / And anone as y^• forsayd Thomas & Iohn̄ had see the ••et ter / & cōmaūdemente / they made kyng Edwarde Carnari••an good cher••: and good solace / as they myght at that sou••tpere / & nothynge y^• kynge wyst of y^• tray¦tory. And whan tyme was for to go too bed the kynge went to his bedde & laye & slept fast. And as the kynge laye & slept the traytours fals forsworn ayenst ther homage & f••uate / came pryuely into the kynges chambre / & theyr company with them / & layed an huge table vppon his wombe / & with men p••ēssyd & helde fast downe the foure corners of the table on his body / wherwith the good man awo¦ke / and was wonder sore adradde to be deed and there slayne / and torned his bo¦dy vp tho so downe. Tho toke the fals traytours / & tyraūtes an horne. & put it into his fundement as depe as they my∣ght / & toke a spyt of cop••e brennynge / & putte it thrugh the horne into his bodye & of•• tymes therwith thy••led his bowels & so they slewe ther lorde / that no thyn∣ge

was perceyued / And after he was en∣teryd at Glouce••••e.

¶How kynge Edwarde spowsyd Phy¦lyp y^• erles doughter of Henaude at yorke

ANd after Cristmasse tho nexte sewynge / syt Iohn̄ of Henaude broughte with hym Philyp his brothers doughter / y^• was erle of Henaude his ne¦ce into Englonde / & the kynge spowsyd her at Yorke. with moche honoure. And syr Iohn̄ of Bothum bysshop of Ely / & syr wyllyam of Melton Archebysshopp of Yorke / sange y^• masse y^• Sondaye on the euen of y^• Conuersyon of saynt Pou¦le / In the yere of grace .M.CCC.xxvii. But bycause y^• the kyng was but yonge & tendre of aege whan he was crowned full many wronges were doon whyle y^• his fader lyued / by cause y^• he trowed / y^• coūseyllers y^• were fals a abowte hym / y^• coūseylled hym to do otherwyse than rea¦son wolde / wherfore greate harme was done to y^• reame and to the kynge / & all men dyrected i•• the kynges dede / and it was not so / almyghty god it wote / wher¦fore it was ordeyned at the kynges crow¦nynge▪ y^• the kynge for his tendre aege / sholde be gouerned by .xii. of the grettest lordes of Englonde / without whome no¦thynge sholde be doon. That is to saye thar••h••bysshop of Caūterbury / tharche bysshop of Yorke / y^• bysshop of wynches tre / & the bysshop of Herforde / the erle of Lancastre / ther••e Marschall / & the Erle of Kent / y^• were the kynges vndes and the erle of Garen••e / syr Thomas wa∣ke. syr Henry Percy. syr Olyuer yngham and Iohn̄ Rous barons / all thyse were sworn truely for to counseyll the kynge. and they shold answer euery yere in par¦lement / of that that sholde be done in y^• tyme of theyr gouernall / but that ordy∣naunce was sone vndoon / and that was moche harme to all Englonde / For the kynge & all the lordes y^• sholde gouerne hym were gouerned & 〈…〉〈…〉 y^• que¦ne his moder dame Isabell. & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 sye Ro¦ger Mortimer: & as they wolde all thyn ge was done / both amonge hygh & lowe And they toke vnto theym castels tow∣nes londe{is} / & tent•• in greate harme. and losse to y^• crowne. & of the kynges estate oute of all mesure.

¶How the peas was made bytwene the Englysshmen & the Scottes and alsoo of Iustifyenge of Troylles••aston.

Kynge Edwarde at wytsontyde in the seconde yere of his regne thru¦ghe the counseyll of his moder / & sir Ro¦ger Mortimer / ordeyned a parlement at Northampton. And at y^• parlement the kyng thrugh his coūsell / & none other of y^• londe / w^t in aege graūtyd to be accor∣dyd w^t the scottes in this manere. y^• al y^• feautees & homages. y^• the scottes sholde doo to y^• crowne of Englonde / foryaue theym for euer more / by his chartre ense¦aled. And ferdermore an endenture was made of y^• Scottes vnto kynge Edwar¦de / y^• was kynge Henryes sone / whiche endenture they calle it ragman. in y^• whi¦che were conteyned all y^• homages & fe∣aute••s / Fyrste of y^• kynge of Scotlonde & of y^• prelates / erles barons of y^• reame of Scotloyde / w^t theyr seales set thero•• & other chartres & remēbrauncys y^• kyn¦ge Edwarde & his barons had of theyr ryght in y^• forsayd reame of scotlonde / it was foryeue ayen holy chirche / And al¦so with y^• blacke crosse of Scotlonde the whiche y^• good kynge Edwarde conque¦red in Scotlonde & brought it out of the abbaye of Scone / y^• is a full precyous re¦lyque / And also ferthermore / he releacy•• & fully forgaue all the londes y^• y^• noble barons had before y^• tyme in y^• reame of scotlonde / by olde conquest. And ferther more y^• this peas for to be holden & conti¦nuelly laste y^• Scottes were bounde vnto the kynge in .xxx. thousande poūde of sil¦uer

to be pay•••• within th••e yere / that is euery yere .x. thousande pounde by euen porcy••••••. ¶And ferther•••••••• aboue all this / they spake bytwene the partyes abo¦ue sayd. that Dauid Dri••••••autier that was kynge Robert B••us sone / the fals tyraunt / & fals forsworn ayenst his othe that arose ayenst his lyege lorde / the no¦ble and good kynge Edwarde. and fals¦ly made hym kynge of Scotlonde / that was of aege .v. yere. And so this cursyd counseyll Dauyd spoused at B••rewyk dame Iohn̄ of the Toure / that was kin¦ge Edwardes syster / as the gestes tellith vpon Mary Mawdeleyns daye. in y^• ye¦re of grace .M.CCC.xxviii. too greate harme and ••mpayrynge of all y^• kynges blode / wherof y^• gentyll lady came. alas the tyme / For wonder moche that fayre damoysell dysperagyd / syth y^• she was maryed ayenst all the comyns wyll & as¦sent of Englonde. And frome the tyme that Brute had conquered Albyon / and named the londe after his owne name. Brytayne: that now is callyd Englond after the name of Engist. And so the re¦ame of Scotlond was holde of y^• reame of Englonde / & of the crowne by feaute and homage. For Brute conquered that hande / & yaue it to Albana•• / y^• was hys seconde sone / And he callyd that londe Albayn / after his owne name / so y^• hys hey••es y^• came after hym. sholde holde of Brute & of his heyres / y^• is to saye of the kynges of Brytayn / by feaute & homa¦ge: And from y^• tyme vnto this tyme of kynge Edwarde / y^• reame of Scotlonde was holde of the reame of Englonde by ••eaute & seruyse / as about is sayd in the Cronycles of Englonde & of Scotlond & be•• ythe wytnesse more prenarely. And accursyd be y^• tyme that this parlement was holden at Northampton. For there by fals coūseyll. y^• kynge was there fals¦ly dysheryted & yet he was within aege. ¶And yet whan that kynge Edwarde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 put oute of his ryaltee of Englond yet men put not hym out of the f••autes and seruyse of Sco••londe. ne of the ••ra∣••nchyses dysher••ted hym for euer more ¶And neuertheles the greate lordes of Englonde were ayenst to conferme the ••eas and the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 aboue sayd / sauf on¦ly quene Isabell / that tho was the kyn∣ges moder Edwarde / and the bysshopp of Ely / and the lord Mortimer. But rea son and lawe wolde not that a fynalle peas sholde be made bytwene th•• w^t out the comyn assent of Englonde.

¶Of the debate that was bytwene qu••¦ne Isabell and syr Henry erle of Lancas tre and of Leycetre / and of the rydynge of Bedforde.

Then as the forsayd Dauyd had spowsyd dame Iohan̄e of y^• tour in the towne of Berwy•• as before is sa¦yd / The Scottes in dyspyte of the En∣glysshemen callyd dame Iohanne y^• ••••ā¦tesse make peas / for the cowardly peas y^• tho was ordeyned. But the kynges per∣sone bare all y^• w••te & blame w^t wronge of the makynge of the accorde / And all was done thrughe the quene & Rogere Mortymer. And it was not longe after that the quene Isabell ne toke intoo her hond{is} all y^• lordshyp of Poū••••rer almos¦te all the londes that were of ony value that apperteyned to the crowne of En∣glonde / Soo the kynge had not to dys∣pende / but of his vses and of his essche∣ker / For the quene Isabell and the Mor¦tymer had greate mayne of the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y^• folowed the kynges court euer mo•••• & went and toke the kynges pry••••s for her peny worthes ••tte good ••hepe / Wherfo re the coun••••••e that they came in were / fulle sore adradde / and almooste dystroyed of theym. ¶Tho began y^• comy••••l te of Englonde for to haue 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 bell the quene. y^• somoche louyd her be∣fore

whann she came ayen for to pursue the fals traytours / y^• Spensers fro Fra∣unce. And in y^• same tyme the fals tray¦tour Robert of Holonde / y^• bytrayed hys lorde syr Thomas of Lācastre. was tho delyuerde out of pryson / & was wonder preuy with y^e quene Isabell / & also with Roger Mortymer. but y^• auaylled hym but lytyll. For he was taken at Myghel masse y^• tho came next after / as he rode to¦warde quene Isabell to London / and sir Thomas whither smote of his heed be¦sydes the towne of saynt Albons. And this syr Thomas dwelled with syr Hen¦ry erle of Lancastre / & he put hym asyde for drede of the quene / For the quene lo∣ued hym wondermoche. And prayed vn¦to y^• kyng for hym y^• the same Thomas myght be exyled out of Englonde. And y^• noble erle syr Henry of Lancastre had often tymes herde the comyn claymoure of the Englysshmen / of y^• dysease y^t we re doon in Englonde / & also for dyuers wronges y^• were doon to the comyn peo¦ple. of y^• whiche the kynge bare y^• blame with wronge / for he was but full yonge & tender of aege. And thought as a gode man for to do awaye / & slake the s••laū¦der of the kynges persone / yf y^• he might in ony manere a wyse / so as y^• kȳge was therof nothynge gylty / wherfore he was in peryll of lyf & lȳme: ¶And so he assē¦bled all his retenewe & went & spake w^t them of the kynges honoure / and alsoo for to amende his astate. And syr Tho∣mas Brotherton erle of Marchall / and syr Edmonde wodstok / that were the kȳ¦gys vncles / and alsoo men of Londone made theyr othe hym for to mayntene in that same quarell. And theyr cause was this / that the kynge sholde holde his hou¦se and his meyne / as a kynge ought for to do / and haue all his ryaltce. And that the quene Isabell sholde delyuer onte of her hondes in too the kynges honde alle manere of lordshyps rentys / townes and castels that apperteyneth vnto the crow¦ne of Englonde as othere quenes haue done here before / and medle with none other thynge. ¶And alsoo that syre Ro¦gere Mortimer sholde abyde and dwelle vppon his owne londes / For the whyche londes he hadde holpe too dysheryt•• mot¦che people / ••n soo moche that the co∣myn people were dystroyed and gretlye domaged / thoroughe suche wrongfulle takynge. ¶And alsoo too enquere how and by whome that the kynge was by∣trayed and falsly dysceyued at Stanho¦pe / and thrugh whose counseyll that the Scottes went awaye by nyght from the kynge / And also how and thrugh who∣os counseylle the ordynaunce that were made atte the kynges coronacyon / was putte downe. That is to saye / that y^• kȳ¦ge for amendement and helpynge of his reame / and in honoure of hym shold be gouerned and rulyd by .xii. of the grettest and wysest lordes of the reame / & with¦out them. sholde nothynge be grauntyd ne done / as before is sayd / whiche coue∣naūtes were malycyously put downe fro the kynge / where many harmes. shamis and repreues haue falle to the kynge & his reame / and that is too vnderstonde for asmoche as Edwarde kynge of En¦glonde / somtyme / was ordeyned by assēt in playne parlemēt / for to be vnder war¦de & gouernaunce of Henry erle of Lan¦castre his cosyn / for saluacōn of his bodi he was take out of y^• castel of Kenilwor¦th / there y^t he was in warde. & thrugh co¦lour of quene Isabell / & of y^• Mortimer w^t out cōsent of ony parlement thei toke & ladd hym there that neuer after none of his kynred / myght with hym speke ne see. and after traytoursly toke and mor¦dred hym / for whose dethe arose a skla¦ūdre thrugh all cristēdom / whan it was done. And also y^• tresore y^• syr Edwarde of Kerna•• iuan lefte in manye places in Englonde and in walys and wastyd & borne awaye / without y^• wyll of kynged warde his sone / in dystruccyon of hym

and of all his folke. ¶Also thrugh who se conseyll / that the kynge yaue vp the kyngdom of Scotlonde / for the whiche reame / y^• kyngys aūcetours had full sore traueyled / & so dyd many a noble man for theyr ryght / & was delyuerd vnto da¦uyd y^• was Robert Brus sone all y^• ry∣ght / y^• no ryght had to y^• reame. as all y^• worlde it wyst. And also by whome the chartres & remebaunces y^t they had of y^• ryght of Scotlonde were take oute of y^• tresory / & taken to y^• Scottes y^• kyngys enmyes / to dysherytynge of hym & of his successours / & to grete harme of his lye∣ges / & grete repreef to all Englysshmen for euer more. ¶Also wherfore dame Io¦han of y^e toure y^e kynges syster Edwar∣de / was dysperagid & maried vnto Da¦uyd y^• was Robert Brus sone. y^• was a traytour & enmye vnto Englonde. and thrugh whoos coūseyll she was take in to oure enmyes hondes out of Englon∣de. ¶And in this meane while. y^• goode e••le Henry of Lancastre & his companye toke coūseyll how those poyntes aboue∣sayd / myght be amended to y^e worshipp of y^e kynge & to his profyte & to y^• profy¦te of his lyegs / And y^• quene Isabel thru¦ghe coniectynge & also of y^• Mortimers lete ordeyne a parlement at Salisburye And at y^• same parlement / y^• Mortimer was made erle of March ayenste all the barons wyll of Englonde in preiudice of the kynge & of his crowne. And syr Iohn̄ of Eltham the kynges brother / was gir¦de with a swerde of Cornewaylle. And tho was callyd erle of Cornewayle. and euer more quene Isabell procurydso mo¦che ayenst her sone the kynge / y^• she had the warde of the forsayd syr Edwarde and of his londes. And atte that parle∣ment the erle of Lancastre wolde not co¦me / But ordeyned all his power ayenst quene Isabelle and the Mortimer / And men of London ordeyned them with ty¦ue houndred men of armys / ¶wharme quene Isabell wyste of the doynge / ••hē swore by god and by his names / full an¦gerly / that in an euyll tyme he thoughte vpō tho poyntes / Tho sent y^• quene Isa¦bell & y^• Mortimer after theyr retene we & after the kyngys retene we / soo y^• they had ordeyned amonge thē an huge hoste And they coūseylled y^• kynge so that vp¦pon a nyght / they rode .xxiii. myles too Bedford / there y^• erle of Lancastre was wyth his company / and thought to haue hym dystroyed / and that nyght she rode besyde the kynge her sone as a kryghte for drede of dethe. And it was done the kynge to vnderstonde that the erle Hen¦ry of Lancastre and his company wold haue dystroyed the kynge and his coun∣seyll for euer more / wherfore the kynge was somdele towardes hym heuy & ano¦yed. ¶whan therle Marschall and ther¦le of Kente the kyngys brother herde of this tydynges / they rode soo in message bytwene them / that the kynge grauntyd hym his peas to therle Henry of Lancas¦tre / for a certayn raunsōme of a .xi thou¦sand poūde / But that was neuer payed afterwarde. And thyse were the lordes y^• helde with syr Henry of Lancastre. syre Beaumōt / syr Fouk fytzwar••n. syr tho∣mas Rocelyn / syr wyllyam T••ussel 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Thomas whyther / and abowce an hū∣dred knyghtes moo that were too hym consented / & all those were ••ryled thru∣ghe counseyll of quene Isabell & of Mor¦tymer. For the Mortimer wayted to ha¦ue theyr londes / yf that he myght thru / ghe ony maner coniectynge / For he was to coueytous and had to moche his wyll and that was grete pyte.

¶How kynge Edwarde wente ouer the see for too doo his homage vnto the kynge of Fraunce / for y^• duchye of Guy henne.

IT was notte longe after that the kynge of Fraunce / thrughe coun∣seyll of his douzepers / sent to kynge Ed¦warde

of Englonde that he sholde co∣me to Parys & doo his homage / as rea¦son it wolde / for y^• duchye of Guyon / & so thrugh counsell of y^• lordes of Englō¦de kynge Edwarde went ouer see. And at y^• Ascencyon tyde / he came vnto Pa∣rys / y^• thyrde yere of his regne / for to do his homage vnto y^• kynge of Fraūce. & y^• kynge receyued his homage / & made of hym moche Ioy & worshyp / But whan kynge Edwarde had done his homage hastyly he was sent for into Englonde thrughe y^• quene Isabell his moder and anone hastyly he came ayen into Englō¦de / vpon wytsonday without ony takyn¦ge leue of y^• kynge of Fraunce. wherfore he was wonder wothe.

¶How syr Roger Mortymer bare him proudely and so hygh.

ANd now shall ye here of syr Ro¦ger Mortymer of wygmore that desyred and coueted to be at an hygh as¦tate / so that the kynge graūtyd hym to be callyd erle of Marche / thrugh oute al his lordshyp. And he became so proude & hauteyn / y^• he wold lese & forsake the name y^• his elds had euer before / & for y^• cause he let hym cal erle of marche. And none of y^e comyns of Englonde durste calle hym by othere name / for he was callyd so by y^• kyngys crye. that men sholde calle hym erle of Marche. & Mor¦tymer bare hym so hauteyne & so proude that wonder it was for to wyte. & alsoo dysguysed hym with wonder ryche clo∣thes oute of all manere of reason / both of shapynge & of werynge. wherof the Englysshmen had grete wonder / howe and in what manere he myght contriue or fynde suche manere pryde. And they sayd amonge them comynly / y^• his pry∣de sholde nott longe endure. ¶And the same tyme syr Geffray Mortymer the yonge / That was Mortymers sone. lete calle hym kynge of foly / and so it befell afterwarde in dede / for he was so fulle of pryde and of wretchydnesse / that he helde a rounde table in walys / to all mē that theder came / & counterfeted the do¦ynge and the manere of kynge Arthurs table / but openly he fayled / for the noble kynge Arthur was the moost noble lor∣de of renomme / that was in all y^• world in his tyme & yet came neuer none suche after / For al y^• noble knyghtes in all cris¦tēdom of dedys of armys assayed / dwel¦lyd with kynge Arthur / and helde hym for ther lorde and souerayne / And that was well seen / for he oconquerde in a ba∣tayll a Romayn that was callyd Froll. and gate of hym the reame of Fraunce / and slewe hym with his owne houndes / and also he faught with a gyaunte that was callyd Dynabus / & slewe hym that had rauysshyd fayr Elayne y^t was kyn¦ge Howels nece / kyng of lytyl Brytain & after he slew in bataylle y^e emperoure of Rome / y^t was callyd Lucie / y^• had as¦sembled ayenst Arthur / for to fyght with hym so moche people of Romayns and Pehites & sarrasyns / y^• noo man cowde nombre them / & he dyscomfyted them al as the story tellyth. ¶And in that same tyme comyn voyce spronge in Englōde thrugh coniectynge & ordynaūce of the frere prechers / y^• syr Edward of Carna¦riuan / y^t was kynge Edwardes fader of whome the geste tellyth / sayd y^• he was alyue in y^• castell of Corf / wherof all the comyns of Englonde almoste werein so¦rowe & drede / whether y^• it were so or not For they wyst not how traytoursly mor¦tymer had hym done murthred.

¶Howe Edmonde of wodstok that was erle of kente and y^• kynges brother Edwarde of Carnaryuan / was heedyd atte wynchestre.

ANd vppon a tyme it befell soo / that syr Edmonde of w••••••tok Erle of Kente / spake vnto pope Iohn̄

the .xxii. at Auimon / and sayd y^• almygh¦ty god had oft tymes done for Thomas loue of Lancastre many greate miracles to many men & wȳmen / that were thru¦ghe dyuers maladyes vndoon. as vnto y^• worlde / & thrughe his prayere they were brought vnto ther helth. & so syr Edmō¦de prayed y^• pope hertely y^• he wolde gra¦unte hym grace / y^• forsayd Thomas mi¦ght be traūslatyd. But y^e pope sayd nai that he sholde not be traunslatyd / vnto y^• tyme that he were better certifyed of y^e clergye of Englonde & seen by ther obe∣dyence what thynge god had doon for the loue of saynt Thomas of Lancastre after the suggestion y^• the forsayd erle of Kent had vnto hym made. And whan this Edmond saw y^• he myght not spede of his purpos: as towchynge y^e traunsla cōn. he prayed hym of coūsell. as touchȳ¦ge syr Edwarde of Carnariuan his bro¦ther / & sayd. y^• not longe agon he was kȳ¦ge of Englonde / what thynge myghte best be doon as touchynge his delyueraū¦ce / sythe y^t a comune fame was thrughe Englōd y^t he is alyue. hole & sauf whan y^• pope herd hym tell y^• syr Edward was alyue. he cōmaūded y^• erle vpon his blis¦synge. y^t he sholde helpe w^t all y^• power y^• he myght / that he were delyuerde out of pryson / & saue his body in all manere y^• he myght. And to brynge this thynge to a•• ende he assoyled hym & his company a pena & culpa•• & all that halpe to his de¦lyueraunce. Tho toke Edmond of wod¦stok his leue of the pope / & came ayen in¦to Englond / & whan syr Edmond was come / some of the frere prechers came & sayd that syr Edwarde his broder yette was alyue in y^• castell of Corf / vnder the kepynge of syr Thomas Gurnay / tho sped hym y^• forsayd Edmond as fast as he myghte / tyll he came to the castell of Corf / & acquaȳted hym & spake so fair to Iohn̄ Daueryll / y^• was conestable of the same castell / & yaue hym ryche yef{is} for to haue acqueyntaūce of hym and to knowe of his counsell. And thus it befel that the forsayd Edmonde prayed speci¦ally to tell hym pryuely of his lorde hys brother syr Edwarde / yf y^• he lyued or we¦re deed / & yf he were alyue he prayed hȳ ones to haue a syght of hȳ. And this syr Iohn̄ Daueryll was a hyghe herted mā & full of courage / & answerde shortly to syr Enmond & sayd / y^• syr Edward 〈◊〉〈◊〉 brother was in helthe. & vnder his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ge. & durst not shewe hym vnto no man syth it was defended hym in y^• kyng ••••••¦fe Edwarde / y^• was Edwardes sone of Carna••••an / & also by the cō naū•••• ••••••¦te of quene Isabell y^• kynges moder 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of syr roger Mortymer y^• he sholde shew his body to no man of y^• worlde saufon¦ly to them vponlyf & lȳme / & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 tynge of his heyres for euer mor••. But the fals traytour falsly lyed. for he was not in his warde but was take thens•• lad to y^• castell of Berkley by 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Tho¦ma•• of Gurney / by the cōm••••nde••••te of Mortymer / tyll he was dede as 〈◊〉〈◊〉 is sayd / But syr Edmonde of wodsto•• wyst no thynge y^• syr Edwarde his bro∣ther was deed / wherupon he toke a let∣ter vnto kynge Edwarde his brother as to his worthy lorde•• & receyued y^• letter of hym & behyght hym ryght faythfull to do his message without fayll. And with that syr Edmonde toke leue of y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Ihon̄ / and yede into his owne countre & lordshyp in Kent that he had there. Ano∣ne as this same Iohn̄ wyst. that syr Ed¦monde was gone into Kent his owne lo•• deshyp / anone he went in all the ••aste y^• he myghte / fro the Castell of Corf and came vnto syre Rogere Mortymer and toke hym the letter that syre Edmonde of wodstok erle of Kent had taken hym closed and e••sealed with his owne seale And whan syre Roger Mortymer hadd receyued the letter / ••e vncloysed it / and sawe y^• was ••••reyned the•••••• / & began it to rede. wherof the beg••••nynge was thy•• ¶Worshyppes and reuerence with bro¦ther

alyegaunce & subiec••yon / syr knyz•• worshypfull and dere broder / yf it youe please I praye you hertely that ye be in gode comforth / for I shall so ordeyn for you / that ye shall come out of pryson & be delyuerd of that dysese that ye been in / And vnderstondyth of your grete lorde shyp / that I haue to myn assentynge al¦moost all the grete lordes of Englonde / with all theyr appareyll / that is to saye with armoure / with tresour without nō¦bre / for to mayntene your quarell so fer forth / that ye shall be kynge agayn as ye were before / and that they haue swor¦ne to me vpon a boke / and as well prela¦tes as erles and barons. ¶whanne syre Roger Mortymer saw and vnderstode / the myghte and the strenth of the letter anone his herte for wrathe began to boll and euyll herte bare toward syr Edmō¦de of wodstok / that was erle of Kent / & with all the hast that he myght / he wen¦te vnto dame Isabell y^• quene / that was the kynges moder / and shewed her syre Edmonds letter / his wyll and his pur∣pose / and how that he hadde coniected & ordeyned to put downe kynge Edwar¦de of wyndsore her sone / of his ryalte & of his kyngdom / Now certes syr Roger sayd she / hath syr Edmōd done so nowe by my faders soule sayd she / I wyll be therof auenged / yf that god graūt mely¦fe / and that in a short tyme. And wyth that quene Isabell went vnto kyng Ed¦warde her sone there he was at the par¦lement at wynchestre / too haue amende the wrongys and the trespasses that we¦re done amonge the people of his reame And thoo she toke and shewed hym the letter that syr Edmond of wodstok had made / and ensealed with his owne seale and had hym vpon her blessynge. that he sholde be auengyd vpon syr Edmonde as vpon his dedely enmye. Tho was the quene sore wrothe towarde syr Edmon¦de erle of Kent. and sessyd neuer to praye vntyll her sone / tyll that he had sente in all the hast after hym. And vpon that y^• kyng sent by his letters after syr Edmō¦de of wodstok / that he sholde come and speke with hym at wynchestre all mane¦re thynge left. And whan syr Edmond saw that the kynge sent after hym with his letters ensealed / he hasted hym in al that he myght tyll that he came to wyn∣chestre. ¶But whan the quene wyst that syr Edmonde was come to wynchestre tho anone she prayed / and so fast wende vnto kynge Edwarde her sone / that the good erle was arested anone / and ladde vnto the barre before Robert of Hamō∣de / that was Coroner of y^• kynges hous holde. And he associed vnto hym syr Ro¦ger Mortimer. And tho spake y^• forsaid Roger and sayd / syre Edmonde erle of Kente / ye shall vnderstonde that it is do¦ne vs to wyte / and pryncypally vnto our lyege lorde the kynge Edwarde of En∣glonde almyghty god hym saue and ke¦pe / y^t ye be his deedly enmye / and a tray toure / and also a comune enmye too the reame / and that ye haue ben aboute ma¦ny a day. for to make pryue delyueraūce of syr Edwarde somtyme kynge of En¦glonde your broder / the which somtyme was put downe of his ryalte by the co∣myn assent of the lordes of Englonde / in peasynge of our lorde the kynges esta¦te / & also of his reame. ¶Tho ansuerd the good man and sayd / Forsoth syr vn¦derstonde well that I was neuer tray∣tour•• to my kynge / ne to the reame / and that I doo me on god / and on all y^• worl¦de / & therfore by my kynges leue. I shal it preue & defende as a man ought▪ for to do. ¶Tho sayd Mortymer. syr Edmon¦de. it is so ferforth knowe / that it maye not be well gaynsayd / and that in prys••¦••e of all y^• here been. it shall be well pro∣ued. Now had this fals Moltimer thesa¦me letter that syr Edmond had take to syr Iohn̄ Daueryll in the castell of Cors for to take to kyng Edward his brother y^• syr Edmonde wyst not of ne supposed

no thynge that syr Iohn̄ Daueryll had be so fals to delyuer his letter in such wi¦se vnto Mortimer. & thought no mane∣•••• of thynge of y^• letter. Then Mortimer sayd to syr Edmonde / & shewed a letter sealed. & axid hym yf y^• he knewe y^• let•• and the seale. This syr Edmond lokyd theron / & auysed hym longe tyme on the prynte of y^• seale / for he myght not see y^• letter within. and wyst well y^• it was his seale / & thoughte y^• it had be sōme letter that had bore no greate charge / & thou∣ght no thynge of y^• other letter. And sa¦yd openly in herynge of them all / ye for¦sothe this is my seale. & I wyll it not for¦sake. ¶Lo sayd the Mortymer / syres ye here all what he hath sayd / & y^• he know legyth hym y^• this is his letter & his sea¦le. And now ye shall here what is contei¦ned therin / And then this Mortimer ope¦nyd the letter y^• he had folde tofore togy¦der. & redde it openly worde by worde in¦herynge of theym all / & whan the letter was redde / he sayd / Loo syres / ye haue herde all y^• herin is wryten / & y^t he hath knowlegyd y^• this is hys letter & his sea∣le. & he maye not go therfro / And thenn they cryed & yaue dome / y^• he sholde be hangyd & drawen / & his heed smyten of i•• a manere of a traytour & he & his hey¦res dysheryted foreuer more / & so he was ladde forth and put into pryson. & whan this was done / & the quene wyst that he was dampned by way of lawe / bothe of lyf and of lȳme / & his heyres dysherited¦ted for euermore. thrugh open knowle∣gynge in playn court / where them thou¦ght y^t it were good / that the forsayd syr Edmond were hast••ly slayne / wythoute wyttynge of y^• kynge / or elles the kynge ••olde lyghtly foryeue hym his dethe / & then it sholde forme theym to moche so¦rowe / so as he was emp••chis / And ano¦ne the quene thrugh counseyll of y^• Mor¦timer / and without ony other counseyll sent in hast to the Baylyf of wynche••re that they shold smyte of syr Edmonds heed ••rle of Kent without ony manere a¦bydynge or respyte vpo•• payne of lyf & lymme•• And that he he sholde haue no / ne other execusyon / by cause of tatyeng notwithstondynge the Iugement. Tho toke the baylyfs syr Edmond out of p••i¦son / and sadde hym besyde the castell of wynchestre / and there they made a gon∣fermer smyte of his heed / for none other durst it do / and soo he deyed there / alas the while. That is to say the tenthe day of Octobre / the thyrde yere of kyng Ed¦wards regne. ¶And whan y^• kyng wist therof / he was wonder sory / and lete en¦tyere hym at the frere Mynors at wyn∣chestre.

¶Of the dethe of syr Roger Mort••mer erle of Marche.

ANd so it befell at that tyme that syr Roger Mortimer erle of the Marche / was so prowde and so haute•••• that he helde noo lorde of the reame his pere. And tho became he so coueytous y^• he folowed dame Isabell y^e quenes court that was kynge Edwardes mode•• and beset his peny worth with the offycers of the quenes householde / ••n the same ma∣nere that the kynges offycers dyd. And so he made his takynge / as touchynge of vytayle and also of caryages and all he dyd for bycause of expencys and too gadre tresoure / And so he dyd without nombre in all that he myght. ¶T••••oo hadde he made hym wonder preuy with the quene ••sabell / And so moche lorde shyppe and ••etenewe had / y^• all the grea¦te lordes of Englond of hȳ were adrad wherfore the kynge and his counseylle / towarde hym were agreued / and ordey∣ned amonge them to vndo hym thorou∣ghe pure reason & lawe for cause y^• king Edwarde y^• was the kynges fader tray tourly thrugh hym was murdred in the castell of Corf / as before is sayd moore playnly in some parte of this booke / of

his dethe. ¶And some that were of the kynges counseyll louyd Mortymer / and tolde hym in preuyte / how y^• the kyng & his counseylle / were abowte frome daye to daye / hym for to dystroye and vndoo wherfore mortymer was sore anoyed & angry as the deuyll ayenst them of the kynges counseyll / & sayd he wolde of thē be auenged / how so euer he toke on. ¶It was not longe afterwarde / y^• kynge Ed¦warde & dame Phylyp his wyf / & dame Isabell y^• kynges moder. & syre Rogere Mortimer / ne went vnto Notyngham there for to sotourne / And so it befell / y^• quene Isabell thrughe coūseyll of Mor∣tymer toke to her y^• keyes of y^• yates of the castell of Notyngham. so y^• no man myghte come nother in ne out / but thru¦ghe cōmaūdement of Mortimer / ne the kynge••ne none of his coūseyll. ¶And y^t tyme it fell / y^t the Mortimer as a deuyll for wrath bolled / & also for wrathe that he had ayenst y^• kynges men Edwarde / & pryncypally ayenst theym y^t had hym accusyd to y^• kynge / of y^• dethe of sir Ed¦warde his fader. ¶And pryuely a coun¦seyll was take bytwene quene Isabell & the Mortymer / & the bysshop of Lyncoln & syr Symonde of Bedford / & syr Hy∣ghe of. Trompyngton / & other preuy of theyr counseyll / for to vndoo theym al y^• the Mortimer hadde accusyd vnto y^• kȳ¦ge of his faders dethe / of treason and off felonye. ¶wherfore all tho that were of the kynges counseyll / whan they wist of the Mortimers castynge: pryuely came to kynge Edwarde & sayd / that Morty¦mer wolde theym dystroye / bycause that they hadde hym accusyd of kynge Ed∣wardes dethe. his fader / And prayed hȳ that he woldmayntene them in theyr ry¦ght / ¶And thyse were the lordes that pursued this quarell / Syr wyllyam of Mountagu / syr wyllyam de Bohum / syr wullyam his broder / syr Rauf Staf¦forde. syre Robert of Herforde / syr wyl∣lyam of Clynton / syr Iohn̄ Neuell of Hornbyand many other of theyr consent And all thyse swore vpon a book to ma¦yntene y^• quarelle / in as moche as they myght. And if befell so after. y^• syr wyl∣lyam Moūtagu / ne none of y^e kyng{is} frē¦des muste not be herberowed in y^• castell for y^• Mortimer / but went & toke theyre herberowe in dyuerfe place of y^• towne of Notyngham. And tho were they sore a¦ferde / leest y^• Mortimer sholde theym dys¦troye. And in hast they came vnto kyng Edwarde syr wyllyam of Moūtagu / & other y^t were in y^• castell. And pryuely hȳ¦tolde / y^t he ne none of his company. shol¦de not take y^• Mortymer. without coun¦seyll & helpe of wyllyam of Elande. cō∣stable of y^• same castell. ¶Now truelye sayd y^e kynge I loue you well. & therfore I coūseyll you y^• ye go to the forsayd co¦nestable / and commaunde hym in my name / that he be your frende and youre helpe / for to take the Mortimer / all thyn¦ge yleft / vpon peryll of lyf and lymme ¶Tho sayd Mountagu Syremy lorde graunt mercy. ¶Tho went forth y^• for sayd Mountagu / and came to the Con∣stable of the castell / & tolde hym y^• kyng{is} wyll. ¶And he answerde & sayd. the kȳ¦ges wyll sholde be done in as moche as he myghte. and that he wolde notte spa¦re for no manere of dethe / And that he swore and made his othe ¶Tho sayde syr wyllyam of Mountagu to the Con∣stable / in herynge of them all. that were helpynge to the same quarell. Now cer∣tes dere frende / vs behouyth to werke & doby your aduys for to take the Morty¦mer / syth that ye be keper of the castell. & hath the keyes in your warde. ¶Syre sayd the Conestable / wyll ye vnderston¦de / that the castell yates ben lockyd w^t y^• keyes that dame Isabell sente hyther. & by nyght she hath the keyes therof: and layeth them vnder y^• luesell of the bedde vnto y^• morowe. & so ye maye not come into the castell by the yates / by no mane¦re of wyse / But I knowe an aleye that

stretchyth out of the warde vnder the •••• the into the forsayd castell / that gothe in¦to the west. whiche aleye dame Isabell the quene / ne none of her men ne y^• mor¦timer / ne none of his company knowith it not And so I shall lede you thrugh y^• aley / & so ye shall come into y^• castell w^t out aspyenge of ony man y^• are your en¦myes. ¶And y^• same nyght syr wyllyaz Mountagu / & all the lordes of his qua∣rell / & the same Conestable also wente theym to hors / & made semblaunt as it were for to go oute of Mortimers syght But anone as Mortimer herd thys ty¦dynges / he wende y^• they wolde haue go ue ouer see for fere of hym. ¶And ano¦ne ryght he & his company toke a coun¦seyll amonge theym for to lete theyr pas¦sage / & sent letters anone to the porters soo y^• none of the greate lordes shold go home to theyr owne coūtrees / but yf thei were arested & take. And amonge other thynges wyllyam Eland Conestable of the forsayd castell. pryuely ladde syr wil lyam of Moūtagu & his company by y^• forsayd waye vnder the trthe / tylle they came into the castell & went vp into the toure there y^• Mortimer was in. But sir Hugh of Trompynton theym ascryed hydously: & sayd a traytours it is all for nought. y^• ye ben comyn into this castell ye shall deye yet an euyll dethe euericho¦ne. And anone one of theym that was in Mountagues companye vp with a ma¦re / and smote the same Hughe vpon the heed / that the brayne braste out and fel on the grounde / and soo was he deed of an euyll dethe. ¶Tho toke they Morty¦mer as he armyd hym at the toures do¦re / whan he herde the noyse of theym for drede. ¶And whanne the quene Isabel sa••e that the Mortimer was taken she made moche sorowe in herte / and thyse wordes vnto theym she sayd / Nowe fay¦re 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / I praye you that ye do no har∣me 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his body a worthy knyghte oure 〈◊〉〈◊〉 f••••de and oure 〈◊〉〈◊〉 cosyn ¶Tho went they thens / and came and brought Mortimer & presentyd hym vn¦to kynge Edwarde / & he cōmaunded to brynge hym in sauewarde. ¶But ano∣ne as they y^• were consentynge vnto mor¦timers doynge / herde tell y^• he was takē they went & hydde theym / & pryuely by nyghte went out of y^• towne ethe one his way / with heuy herte & morninge chere & liued vpon theyr londes as well as thei myghte / ¶And y^• same yere that Mo••••¦mer was take. he hadde ir. score 〈◊〉〈◊〉¦tes without squyers & sergaun••es of ar¦mys / & fote men / And thenne was Mo¦timer ladde to London / & syr Edmonde of Bedforde was ladde with hym and was taken to the conestable of y^• four to kepe / ¶But after warde was y^• Morty¦mers lyf examined at westmestre before the kynge / & before all the greate lordes of Englonde / for peryll that myght fal to the reame / And to enquere also which were consentynge to sir Edwardes dethe the kynges fader. / and also thrugh who me the Scottes escaped fro Stanhope in Scotlonde / without leue of kyng Ed¦warde. ¶And also how y^• chartre of ••••••¦man was delyuered vntoo the Scottes therin the homages and feauters of the lordes of Scotlonde were conteyned y^• the Scottes sholde do euer more too the Engysshe kynge for the reame of Scot¦lond / wherfore he was Iugyd to be dra¦wen and hangyd for his treason And this myscheyf came vnto hym on saynt Andrewes euen. In the yere of the Incar¦cyon of our lorde Ihesu crist .M.CCC.xxx.

¶How kynge Edwarde gate ayen vnto hym gracyously the homages and frautres of Scotlonde wherof he was putte oute thrughe false counseylle of y^• quene Ysabell his moder / and syre Ro∣ger Mortymer. that was newely made erle of Marche.

NOw haue ye herde how Iohane Bayllol in the tyme of peas was chosen to be kynge of Scotlonde for cau¦se that he came of the eldest doughter of the Erle Dauyd of Huntyngton / that was kynge Alysanders broder of Scot¦londe / that deyed without heyre of hys body begoten / And how this Iohn̄ made his feauete & homage to kynge Edwar¦de / Henryes sone y^• thyrde. for his londes of Scotlonde / And how he afterwarde withsayd his homage / thrughe coūseyll of the Scottes / in the yere of oure lorde M.CC.lxxiiii. & sent vnto y^• pope thru∣ghe. a fals suggestyon y^• he made his oth vnto y^• forsayd kynge Edward ouer his astate & his wyll / of y^• whiche othe y^• po¦pe hym assoyled thrugh his bullys to hȳ¦ysent. ¶And anone as kynge Edward wyst therof / he ordeyne anone his barōs & came vnto Berewyk / & conquered the towne / at the whiche conquest there we∣reslayne .xxv. thosand. & .vii. hundred. & Bayllol that was kynge of Scotlond came and yeldyd hym to gode kynge Ed¦warde / & the kynge delyuerd hym out of the tour of London. and all y^• grete lor∣des with hym y^• tho were taken at Bar∣wyk & yaue theym saufconduyte / to go into Scotlonde. And the Scottes sythe thrugh theyr falsnesse / werred vpon the good kynge Edwarde. And whan syre Iohn̄ Bayllol kynge of Scotland saw all this / he went ouer see vnto Dimp••er & lyued there vpon his londes as well as he myght. tyll that the Scottes wolde a¦mende theym of theyr mysdedys & tres∣paas / and ladde with hym syr Edward his sone. wherfore the Scottes in dyspy¦te of hym callyd hym syr Iohn̄ Turn∣labard / for bycause that he wolde notte offende ne trespaas ayenste the good kȳ¦ge Edwarde of Englond. And so he for¦soke his reame of Scotlonde / and sette therof but lytyll pryce. And this syr Io¦hanne dwelled longe tyme in Fraunce / tyll y^• he deyed there & syr Edwarde his fo•••• receyued his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 rytage / and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 mage to y^• kynge of Fraūce / for his lon∣des of Dunpie•• / And so it befell after∣warde / y^• Edwarde y^• was Iohn̄ Bayl∣lols sone / had•• of hym a squyre of En¦glond y^• was borne in Yorke shyre / that was callyd Iohn̄ of Barnaby / & this ed¦warde Bayllol louyd hym moche / and was nyghe hȳ / & full preuy. And so this Iohn̄ of Barnaby was in debate with a Frenche man in y^e towne of Dūpier / & so he slewe hym & went his way in all the haste y^• he myght into the castell. for too haue socoure & helpe of his lorde / And a none came the offycers of the towne. to take Iohn̄ of Barnaby as a felon. and syr Edwarde his lorde holpe hym / and rescowed hym / & by nyght made hym go out of the castell / & so he went his waye and came into Englonde withoute ony harme. ¶And whan y^• kynge of Fraūce sawe y^• syr Edwarde had rescowed hys felon. he became wonder wrothe ayenste¦tyr Edwarde. & anone lete hym arestyd & toke into his hondes all his londes / Tho dwellyd syr Edwarde in pryson / vnto y^• tyme y^• syr Henry of Beaumont came into Fraūce / y^• whiche Henry som¦tyme waserle of Anguysshe in Scotlon de and was put out therof whan thacor∣dement was bytwene Englonde & scot∣londe thrugh y^• quene Isabell & syr Ro∣ger Mortimer & their cōpany for y^• ma∣riage y^• she made bytwene Dauyd / that was Roberte Brussone & dame Iohan of Tour kynge Edwards syster of En∣glonde / & well vnderstode this / that at y^• ende he sholde come to his ryght / butyf it were syr Edwarde Bayllol / that was ryghte htyre of the reame of Scotlonde ¶And the kynge of Fraunce Lowysls¦uyd moche this syr Henry / And he was with hy•• full preuy / and thought for to make a delyuer a••mie of syre Edwarde Bayllof / yf he myght in ony manere of wyse / ¶Tho prayed he the kynge that he wolde of his grac•• graunte hym sy••••

Edwarde Bayllols body / vnto the next parlement. y^• he myght lyue with his ow¦ne rentes in y^• meane tyme / & y^• he myght stonde to be Iugyd with his perys at the parlement / And y^• kynge graūtyd hym his prayer / & made y^• forsayd Edwarde to be delyuered out of pryson / in y^• mane¦re aboue sayd. & anone as he was out of pryson syr Henry toke hym forth with hym & ladde hym into Englonde / & ma¦de hym dwelle pryuely at the maneer of Sandhall vpon Ouse in yorke shyre. w^t the lady Vescy. And so he ordeyned hun there an huge retenew of Englysshmen and also of alyauntes / for too conquere ayen his herytage / and so he yaue moche syluer vnto y^• souldyours and alyauntes for to helpe hym / And they behyght for to helpe hym in y^• they myghte / but they faylled hym at his moost nede. ¶And at y^• tyme Dauyd erle of Moryf herde telle how that syr Edwarde Bayllol was pri¦uely come in to Englonde. And came to hym / and made with hym greate Ioy of his comynge & sayd vnto hym & behy∣ght hym / that all y^• greate lordes of En¦glonde / sholde be to hym entendaūte / & shold hym holde for kynge as ryght hey¦re of Scotlonde / and dyd to hym feau∣te. ¶Tho came syr Henry of Beaumō¦te to kynge Edward of Englonde. and prayed hym in y^• way of charytee / that he wolde graūt of his grace vnto syred warde Bayllol y^• he myghte saufly goo by londe from Sandhall / vnto•• Scotlō¦de / to conquere his ryght & herytannce in scotlonde. ¶The kynge answerde and sayd / yf that I suffre Bayllol. go thru∣ghe my londe into Scotlonde. then the people wolde saye / y^• I sholde be assentȳ¦ge vnto y^• company. ¶Now syr I praie you y^• ye wolde yeue hym leue to take w^t hym souldyours of Englysshmen that they myght saufly lede hym thrugh your londe to Scotlonde / And syr vpon thys couenaunt y^• yf it so befall / as god it for∣bydde that he be dyscomfyted in batayll thrugh the Scottes / that I and also all the lordes that holde with Bayllol / ben for euer more out of our rentes y^• we ha∣ue in Englonde. And there the kynge vp¦pon this couenaunt / grauntyd theyr bo¦ne / as towchynge hym / & tho that were of the same quarell / the whiche claymed for to haue londes and rentes in the rea¦me of Englonde / And thyse were y^• na∣mes of those lordes that pursued this for¦sayd matere and quarell. ¶That is to saye / Syre Edwarde Bayllol / the whi∣che chalengyd the reame of Scotlonde▪ syr Henry Beaumont erle of Ang••••••∣she / syr Dauyd of Stroboly erle of athe¦les / syr Geffray of Mombraye walter Comyn / and many other that were put out of theyr herytage in scotlonde whan the peas was made bytwene Englonde and Scotlonde, as before is sayd And ye shall vnderstonde that thyse sordes to¦ke with theym fyue hundred men of ar¦mes. and two thousande artbers and of fote men. and tho went into shyppe atte Raue••spore / & sayled by the see tyl that they came vnto Scotlond. & came to lō¦de at Kynkehorne .xii. myle fro saynt Io¦bannes towne / And anone sent out the••¦shyppes agayne / for that they sholde not be hurte / ne empeyred / neyther that noo man sholde go in to the shyppes agayn though that they had nede / but abyde al¦perylles / & not flee but stonde / & rather suffre dethe than flee for too mayntene theyr true quarell. whan y^• erle of Fysse. a fyers man & a sterne / herde y^• Bayllol was come / for to take y^• londe of scotlō∣de / he came in hast to Kynkeborne / with xii. thousande Scottes / for to dyshoye hym / that he sholde not come to londe / But syr Edwarde Bayllol and his cō¦pany there hym dyscomfyted at the whi¦che dyscomfyture syr Alysander Scton was there slayne / and many other. The erle of Fyffe / was tho sore and full ruyl ashamyd / that so lytyll a company bad hym dyscomfyted / and shamefully putt

hym & all his company that were alyue for too flee. ¶Tho came syr Edwarde Bailloll / & toke the countree all aboute hym. tyll he came vnto the abbay of Dū¦fermlin. & there he founde vitaylles for hym and for his folke / and amonge all other thyng he fonde in a chambre abou¦te fyue hūdred of grete staues of fyue oke with longe pryckes of yren. and of stele And he toke them and delyuerd them to y^• moste strongest men of his companye. And anone after he yede fro thens. and lodged hym in a felde .ii. myles from sa¦ynt Iohannes towne. And whan the bur¦geys of the towne herde how the erle of Fyffe was dyscomfyted thrughe Bayl∣loll. brake the brydges that they had ma¦de ouer the water of Erne. so that Bail¦loll myght not go ouer / wherfore he lod¦ged hym there all that nyght / but lytyll¦hede he toke of reste. and sayde vnto his people / Nowe dere lordes ye knowe full well. y^• we ben now lodged bytwene our enmyes / and they may vs hampre / there is no bote but deth. wherfore yf we aby¦de styll all this nyght. I wene it shal tor¦ne vs to moche harme. For the power of Scotlonde may euery wexe and encre••e and we may not so do. And we ben but lytyll people as ayenst theym. Wherfore I pray you for the loue of almyghty god make we vs bolde and hardy / and that we may myghtely take the Scottes this nyghte / and boldly werre vppon theym. and lete vs pursue theyme this nyghte. And yf they be traueylled thorughe vs. and see our hardynesse. other Scottes y^• se them so traueylled and wery: the sorer woll they be adradde with vs too fyghte and fyersly thenne shall we fyght wyth them. and on them pursue. so that thru∣ghe the grace of god / all the worlde shal speke of the doughtynes of our chyual∣ry. ¶And syres vnderstondeth well that alle the companye that came wyth syre Robert Bailloll / graunted well vnto y^• counsell / & were therof ryght glad. and anone pursued vppon the Scottes. that they became wonder wery. And Baillol & his company sore folowed them / & dy¦de them moche harme & sorowe / thrugh the r••assente. so that they myght not for feblynesse them helpe / and for lytyl peo∣ple. ¶But tho sayd the Scottes amon∣ge them / what is now befall that so ly∣tyll a people as Bailloll hath in wyng dooth vs so moche traueyll and sorowe / Now certes it semyth vs that he werketh by grace / for he is wonder gracyous in his quarell and we certes shall be dede or that we may come to him. vs for too yelde. syth that his fader set of vs no pri¦ce. ¶And among al other thynges Bail¦loll and his people passed the water of Erne so that Robert Swynerton the so¦ne was fyers and angrye / & went forth and they sawe people of armes full wel arayed. and forth they went vnto them and with them faught. and slewe & toke as many as wolde abyde: And netheles at that assawte they wende it had be the grete hoste of Scotlonde. And whan it came to the morow. they gadred theym togyder / & restyd theym a whyle / ¶And whyle y^• Englysshmen rested th•• / y^• no∣ble baron. Thomas Vescy / & y^• noble ba¦ron / Stafforde / pryckyd their hors vp & downe by y^e hylles / for to kepe y^• estrees of y^• coūtre / And as they piyckyd vp & doune. thei saw a grete hoste of gode ara¦ye ordeyned in rheyr wynges / w^t helmes & sheldes shynynge / comynge vpon thē And thenne came tho two barons ayen vnto Bayllols folk / & sayd. Nowe for y^• loue of god almyghty be of gode cōforth for ye shall haue batayll anone ryghte / ¶ And tho spake syre Fouk the sone of Garenne. a baron of greate renowne & of dedys of armys / Syres vndersto••de what I wyll saye / I haue seen many dy¦uers wynges / as well amonge sarrasins and Iewes / as amonge the Scottes / & yet saw I neuer she fourthe parte of the wynge fyght. & therfore yt ye wyl abyde

our enmyes / we ben ynough for thē. But yf we be not of gode herte and of gode rourage we ben but lost. And therfor for the loue of god. take to vs gode herte / & lete vs be bolde / & thynke we neuer of our wyues ne of our chyldren / but onli to conquere our enmyes in batayll. & thru¦ghe y^• helpe of our lorde we shall thē ouer come. And with y^• came y^• host of y^e scot¦tes towarde theym full serely / & ayenste syr Edwarde Bayllol in thre batayles well arayed in armoure / ¶And wonder fyersly they came towarde the Bayllos company / But whan syr Donald Erle of Marcell that was with the Scottes / sawe all this / he sayd vnto Robert Br{us} the sone of Robert the Brus thyse wor∣des / Syre Roberte sayd he / fulle sore me forthynkyth atte my herte / that thyse pe¦ple that Bayllol hathe broughte wyth hym sholde deye with dynt of Scottes swerdes / syth that they ben crysten men as we ben / And therfore me thynkyth y^• it were greate charyte / for to sende vn∣to theym / for to yelde theym / vnto oure mercy / and raunsomme theym vnto gre¦uous raunsomme / for as moche as they haue taken our londes & done yll' Now certes sayd syr Robert y^• Brus / I haue well perceyued / that thou arte an enmye and a traytour vnto Scotlonde / sythe y^• thon wylte consent to saue our dedelt en¦myes / y^• haue done vs moche sorow & sha¦me / & now it semyth well y^• ye be of ther assent. Nowe certes Robert sayd syr do¦nald / falsly ye lye. I am not of theyr cō¦pany ne of theyr consent / & y^• hastyli ye shall se / for I wyll fyzte w^t them rather than ony of this cōpany / and certes syre Robert sayd he I shal in maugre of thy hede assayll theym or y^•. And with y^• thei pryckyd theyr stedys fyersly vpon Gas¦kemore: and their wynge theym folowed on a renge. And tho came they & mette with Bayllol and his company atte an hangynge bough of the moore in a strai¦te passage and so faste they hastyd thē vnto the Englysshmen that thousand{is} felle onto the grounde echone ouer vpon other into an hepe bothe hors and man Bayllol and his men myghtylye stode ayenste theym / and faste slewe the Scot¦tes too the grounde / and many they sore wounded / so longe / tylle that they stode vppon theym / and foyned theym wyth theyr swerdes and speres thrughe theyr bodyes / and full sore they were trauayl∣led vppon theym / tylle that they became wonder wery / nnd wyste notte what for to doo / And the Scottes that were lefte alyue / fledde awaye / for to saue theym∣selfe in the best manere that they myght And thoo pursued theym syr Edwarde Bayllol and his men / & slewe of theym¦••yll it was nyghte. And froo thens they wente too saynt Iohannes towne / and toke it: & helde thē there / & v••••aylled thē¦self at ther owne wyll / for the•• foūde ye•• ough where w^t to make mery. Tho ma¦de Bayllol his men y^• were woūded go to ship / to sayll into englōde to he••e ther woūdes. & in y^• tyme there was a flēm••••¦ge in y^• see. a stronge theyf. & a ••obber y^• was callyd crab. & this flēmȳge was dri¦uen out of Flaūdres for his wickidnesse & therfore he came into scotlōde. to holde w^t y^• scottes / and dyd as moche harme to the Englysshe men as he myghte doo•• And this Crabbe mette Bayllols men in y^• see y^• were woūded before in batayl y^• were sent ayen into Englōde. for to be¦le their woūdes. and this crabbe yaaf to theym a grete assawee. & wold haue sla¦yne theym euerycho••e. But the Englys••∣shmen defended them well & manli and discomfyted Crabbe and his companys & tho gan he fle into Scotlonde. ¶And as he came towarde saynt Iohānes tow¦ne / he founde a grete company of Scot∣tes / y^• were come ayen togyder after the dysc••••yture at Gaskemore. y^• whiche by seyged Bayllol and his men in y^• sa•••••• towne of saynt Iohn̄. And anone tol∣de the Scottes how that he was discom¦fyted

of the Englysshmen / y^• were woū¦dyd at Gaskemore / that went towarde Englonde / for to heele theyr woundes / And sayd to the Scottes / y^• they sholde haue nother power ne myghte ne grace ayenst Edwarde Bayllol / by cause that he scomfyted / & empeyred all y^• chyualri of Scotlonde with a handfull of men as to compte ayenste y^• Scottes y^• were slay¦ne. wherfore he coūseylled to remeue the sege from saynt Iohannes towne / and kepe theym in y^• best manere that they myght. ¶The Scottes vnderstode that Crab sayd sothe / forsoke the sege & wēt thens by nyght. ¶whan this thyng was knowe thrugh Scotlonde how that the lordes & knyghtes were dyscomfyted at Gaskemore of Scotlonde thrugh syre Edwarde Bayllol / ye shall vnderstonde y^• the lordes & ladyes / & y^• gentyls of scot¦londe came wonder faste to saynt Iohā¦nes towne / & yeldyd theym vnto Bayl∣lol. & to hym dyd homage & feautee for theyr londes & yelde theym to his peas & he theym receyued frely / And fro thēs he went to the abbaye of Scone. & there he was crowned kynge of Scotlonde / & after he lete crye his peas thrughe oute / all the londe. ¶And at that same tyme it befell that kynge Edwarde helde his parlemente amonge his lyeges atte the newe castell vpon Tyne / for to amende the trespaces and the wronges / that had ben done in his londe. And syr Edwar / de Bayllol kynge of Scotlonde came to hym thyther / and dyd to hym homa∣ge and feautee / for the reame of Scot∣londe. And in this manere kyng Edwar¦de of Englonde gadred ayen his homa¦ges and feautees of Scotlonde / where∣of he was put out / thrugh counseyll and assent of dame Isabell his moder / and of syr Roge Mortimer erle of Marche / Tho toke Bayllol kynge of Scotlond his leue of kynge Edwarde of Englon¦de / & went thens into his owne londe of Scotlonde & sette but lytyll by suche as had counseylled hym / and holpen hym in his quarell / wherfore they went from hym / & went & lyued by theyr owne lon¦des and rentes in scotlonde. ¶And sote befell afterwarde not longe / y^• the kynge of Scotlonde neremeued & came to the toure of Anande & there toke his dwel∣lynge / and thyder came to hym a compa¦ny of knyghtes. stronge men & worthy / & yelded them vnto the kynge. And bare theym so fayre in dede and in coūtenaū¦ce / so that he trustyd moche vpon theym And anone as the traytours sawe that he trustyd moche vpon theym / they or∣deyned amonge theym fyfty in a com∣pany / and wolde haue slayne theyr lord the kynge / But thragh the grace of al∣myghty god / he brake thrugh a wall an hole in his chambre / & as god wolde sca¦pyd theyr trechery / & all his men were slayne / & he escaped with moche drede vnto the towne of Cardoyll / And there he helde hym sore anoyed. And this be∣fell vpon our ladyes euen the concepcyō ¶Tho sent kynge Edwarde Bayllol to kynge Edwarde of Englonde / howe falsly & traytoursly he was in lytyll ty∣me / put to shame and sorowe thrugh his lyege men / vpon whome he trustyd won¦der moche. & prayed hym for the loue of god y^• he wolde mayntene hȳ & helpe hȳ ayenst his enmies. The kynge of Englō had of hym grete pyte / & behyght to hel¦pe hym & socour hym. And sent hȳ wor¦de / y^• he sholde holde hym in peas styl in y^• forsayd cyte of Cardoyll / tyll y^• he had gadred his powere. ¶Thoo ordeyned kynge Edwarde of Englonde a coun∣seyll at London / and lete gadre his men in dyuers shyres of Englonde. & whan he was all redy / he went toward y^• tow of Berwyk vppon Twede / and theder came to hym kynge Edwarde Bayllol of Scotlonde with his powee / & beseged y^• towne / And made without the towne a fayre towne of pauylyons / and diche•• theym all abowee / so that they had noo

〈…〉〈…〉 / and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 manye 〈…〉〈…〉 and with other 〈…〉〈…〉 wherwith they 〈…〉〈…〉 houses / & chirches al 〈…〉〈…〉 to y^• erthe w^t grete 〈…〉〈…〉 / out of gonnes 〈…〉〈…〉 And netheles y^• scottes 〈…〉〈…〉 y^• towne / y^• tho two kin¦ges myght not come therin longe tyme 〈…〉〈…〉 y^• kynges abode there soo 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / tyll tho y^• were within y^• towne fai¦led vytaylles & also they were so wery of wakynge. y^• they wyste not what for to doo. ¶And ye shall vnderstonde y^• tho Scottes that were within the towne of Berwyk / thrughe comyn counseyll and theyr assent / lete crye vpon the walles of the towne / that they myghte haue peas of the Englysshmen & therof they pra∣yed the kynge of his grace & mercy / And prayed hym of trewes for viii. dayes. vp¦pon this couenaunt / y^• yf they were nott¦rescowed in that sayd of y^• towne towar¦de Scotlonde of y^• Scottes within: viii dayes / that they wolde yelde theym vnto the kynge / & the towne also / And to hol¦de this couenaūt / they prouffred too the kynge .xii. hostages out of the towne of Berwyk. ¶whan y^• hostages were dely¦uerde vnto y^• kynge / anone tho of y^• tow¦ne sent vnto y^• Scottes / & tolde theym of theyr sorow and myscheyf / And y^• Scot¦tes tho came pryuery ouer the water of Twede to y^• bought of y^• abbaye. & syre wyllyam Dyket y^• was tho Stewarde of Scotlonde. and many other that ca∣me with hym / put theym there in greate peryll of themself at that tyme & of ther lyfe / For they came ouer a brydge y^• was to brokeand the stonys awaye / & many of theyr company were there drowned / But the forsayd wyllyam went 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & other of his company / and came by the shyppes of Englonde / & slewe in a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Hull .xvi. men. and after they 〈◊〉〈◊〉 into the towne of Berwyk by the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 syde / wherfore the Scottes helde 〈…〉〈…〉 towne rescowed / and askyd theyr 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ayen of the kynge of Englonde / 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the kynge sente theym worde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 that they axyd theyr hostages with 〈◊〉〈◊〉 syth y^• they came into y^• towne of En∣glonde syde / For couenaūt was bytwene theym / y^• the towne shold be rescowed by y^• halfe of Scotlonde / & anone tho com∣mauūded kynge Edwarde to yelde the towne / or he wolde haue y^• hostages and the Scottes sayd y^• towne was rescowed well ynoughe & therto the wolde theym holde / whan kynge Edwarde sawe the Scottes breke theyre couenaūtes y^• they made / he was wonder wrothe / and an∣ne lete syr Thomas. Fytzwyllyam and syr Alysander of Feton warden of Ber¦wyk the whiche Thomas was persone of Dunbarre. / & lete them be take fyrste afore that otheyr hostages for cause y^• syr Alysanders fader was keper of the towne. ¶And tho commaunded euerye daye two hostages of the towne / tylle y^• they were all doo to deth. but yf they yel¦ded the towne / & so he sholde teche them for to breks theyr couenauntes. And whā they of y^• towne herde thise tidyng{is} they became wonder sory & sent to y^• kȳge y^• he wold graūt thē other viii. dayes of res¦pite. so y^• bytwene two hūdre men of ar¦mys & .xx. mē of armes. myght by ••••••the go bytwene 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to y^• towne of Berwyk theym for to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y^• towne 〈◊〉〈◊〉 be holde for 〈◊〉〈◊〉. And yf so were y^• 〈…〉〈…〉 more were slayne of thoo two hūdred before sayd. y^• y^• towne shol¦de not be holde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 rescowed. And this 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of 〈…〉〈…〉 they sent to hym other xii. of the forsayd 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in hostage the kynge of Englonde grauntyd theym theyr 〈…〉〈…〉 the hostages: on sa¦ynt 〈…〉〈…〉 of grace .M CCC.xxxii. the 〈…〉〈…〉

power / and came faste and sharply ayenst euensonge tyme / And the same ty¦me was flood at Berwyk in the water of Twede / y^• no man myght go ouer on his hors / nor on fote / & the water was bi¦twene tho two kynges and the reame of Englonde. And y^• tyme abode the scott{is} in y^• other syde for cause y^• the Englys∣shmen shold haue be drowned.

¶This was the araye of the Scottes / how that they came in batayll ayenst y^• two kynges of Englonde and of Scot∣londe. In the vaunt warde of Scotlon∣de were thyse lordes.

THerle of Moryf / Iamys Frysell Symond Frysell / walter Stew¦arde. Reynolde Cheyn. Patryk of Gre¦ham. Iohn̄ le graūt. Iamys of Cordoll Patryk Parkeys. Robert Caldecottes Philyp of Melledrū / Thom̄s Gylbert Rauf wyseman. Adam gurdon / Iamis Gramat. Robert Bo••d. Hugh Park. w^t xl. knyghts new dubbyd. & vi. Cmē of at¦mes. & .iii.M. of comyns / In y^• fyrst par¦te of ••halfe batayll were thyse lordes / y^• Steward of Scotlonde / y^• erle of Mory Iamys his vncle / wyllyā Douglas Da¦uyd of Lyndesey. Marcolyn Flemynge / wyllyam of Keth. Dn̄ken Canbok with xxx. bachelers newe dubbyd. ¶In the se¦conde parte of y^• batayll were thyse lor¦des. Iamis Stewarde of Corden. Alem Stewarde / wyllyam Abbrehin / wyllyā Morys: Iamys Fytzwyllyam. Adam le¦mose. walter Fytz. Gylbert. Iohn̄ of cer¦leton. Robert wallam. w^t .vii.C men of armes / & .xvii.M. comyns. ¶In y^• third parte of y^• batayll of Scotlonde were thi¦se lordes. The erle of Moref. the erle of Ruf / therle of Strahern. y^• erle of Soth erlond. wyllyam of Kyrkkelay. Iohn̄ cā¦•••••• / Gylbert of Hey / Wyllyam ram∣sey / wyllyam Prendrgest. Kyrston Har∣de / Wyllyam Gurde / Arnolde Garde Thomas Dolphyn / with .xl. knyghtes newe bubbyd .ix.C. men of armys. & .xvM. of comyns. ¶In the fourth warde of y^• batayll of Scotlonde were thyse lord{is} Archbalde Douglas / y^• erle of Leneuax Alysander le Brus. y^• erle of Fyff. Iohn̄ Canbell erle of Atheles. Roberte Lawe∣ther / wyllyam of Vypount / wyllyam of Constō. Iohn̄ de Labels / Groos de She renlaw Ihon̄ de Lyndesey Alysander de Gray. Ingram de Vmfteuille. Patryk••de Pole••worthe / Dauyd de wymes. My¦chell Scot. wyllyam Landy / Thomas de Boys. Roger Mortimer / w^t .xx. bach¦lers newe dubbyd .ix.C men of armys / xviii.M. & iiii.C. of comyns. The Erle of Dunbar keper of y^• castell of Bere∣wyk. halpe the Scottes with .l. men of armys. ¶And syr Alysander of Ceton keper of y^• forsayd towne of Berewyk with an .C. men of armys. And also the comyns of the towne with .iiii.C / men of armys / and with .viii.C of fote men ¶The sōme of therles & lordes aboue sayd / amounteth .lxvi. ¶The sōme of bachlers newe dubbyd amounteth to an C.lx. ¶The sōme of men of armys a¦mounteth .iii.M.C. ¶The sōme of the comyns amounteth liii.M. & .iii.C The sōme totalle of the people abouesayd a mounteth .lxv.M.vii.C.xlv. And thyse lx. & .vi. greate lordes / ladde all the other greate lordes abouesayd. in foure batayl¦les / as it is tolde beforen all on fore. and kynge Edwarde of Englonde / and Ed¦warde Baylloll kynge of Scotlonde / hadde well appareylled theyre folke in foure bataylles / for too fyght on fote a¦yenst the Scottes theyr enmyes. ¶And the Englysshe mystrels blewe theyr trū¦pets and theyr claryons / and hydously ascryed the Scottes. And tho had euery Englysshe batayll two wynges of price archers. The which at that batayll shot arowes so fast & so sore: that y^• Scottes myght not helpe themself. And the•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Scottes thousandes vnto he groū¦de. And they began for to flee fro the en¦glysshmen

for too saue theyr lyues. And whane the Scottes knaues saw y^• scom¦fyture & the Scottes fall faste to y^• groū¦de / they pryckyd fast theyr maysters hor¦se with y^• sporys for to kepe theym from peryll / & sette theyr maysters at no force And whan thenglysshmen sawe y^• they lept on theyr horses / & faste pursued the scottes / & all that abode they slewe dow¦ne ryghte. ¶There men myghte see the doughtynesse of y^• noble kynge Edwar¦de & of his men / how manly they pursew¦ed y^• Scottes / y^• flow for drede. And the remen myght see many a Scottysshmā caste downe vnto y^• groūde / & the baners dysplayed hackyd into peces / & many a¦gode haberyoyne of stele in y^• blode bath And many a tyme y^• Scottes were ga∣dred into companyes / but euer more thei were dyscomfyted. ¶And so it befell as god almyghty wolde. that the Scottes had that daye nomore foyson ne myght ayenst the Englysshmen than .xx. shepe amonge .v. vulues. And so were y^• scot∣tes dyscōfyted / & yet the scottes was wel v. men ayenst one Englysshman: And y^• batayll was done on Halidoune hyll be syde y^• towne of Berwyk. atte y^• whiche batayll were slayne of the Scottes .xxxv tousande & .vii. hundred and .xii. And of y^• Englysshmen. but only .xiii. And thys vyctory befell too the Englysshmen on saynt Margaretes euen y^• holy vyrgyn & martyr in the yere of oure lorde Ihe••n Crist .M.CCC.xxxii. ¶And while this doynge lastyd the Englyssh pages toke the pylfre of the Scottes that were slay∣ne / euery man that he myght take: with¦out ony chalengynge of ony man. And so after this gracyous vyctory. the kyng tornyd hym agayne vnto the same sye∣ge of Berewyk / ¶And whanne they be syeged sawe and herde howe kynge Ed¦warde hadde spedde / they yelded to him the towne with the castell / on y^• morow after saynt Margaretes daye. ¶And thenne the kynge dydde ordeyne syr Ed¦warde Bayllol / with othere noble and worshypfull men / too be kepets and go¦uernoures of all Scotlonde in his ab∣sence. And hymselfe torned ayen and ca¦me into Englonde after this vyctorye / with moche Ioy and also worshyp and in the nexte yere folowynge after / that is for to saye in the yere of the Inca••acy∣on of oure lorde Ihesu Cryst .M.CCC xxxiii. And of kynge Edward .vii he wen¦te ayen into Scotlonde / in wynter tyme Atte the whiche vyage the castell of kyl¦brygge in Scotlonde: for hym and for hys men that were with hym he recoue∣red and hadde ayenste the Scottes. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 atte his owne luste. ¶And in that same yere / syre Edwarde Baylloll kynge of Scotlonde helde his parlement in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 londe with many noble lordes of En∣glonde that were atte that same parle∣ment / bycause of theyr londes and also lordshyps that they had in the reame of Scotlonde. / And helde alle of the same Bayllol / ¶And in the .viii. yere of hys¦regne / abowte the feest of saynt Iohan Baptist syr Edwarde Bayllol the ver〈◊〉〈◊〉 and true kynge of Scotlonde as by he∣rytage & ryghte lyne / made his homage & feaute vnto kynge Edwarde of En∣glonde for y^• reame of Scotlond at new castell vpon Tyne. in y^• presence of ma∣ny a worthy man and alsoo of comyns bothe of the reame of Englonde and al¦so of Scotlonde. ¶And anone after in the same yere kynge Edwarde of En∣glonde receyued of the duke of Brytay¦ne his homage for the erldom and lord¦shyp of Rychmonde. And so folowynge in the .ix. yere of his regne after Myghel¦mas rode into Scotlond / and there was faste by saynt Iohannes towne almo∣ste all the wynter tyme / And soo be hel∣de hys Crysteman atte the castell of Ro¦kesbourgh. ¶And in the same yere thru¦ghe out all Englond abowte saynt Cle¦mentys tyde in wynter / ¶There arose

suche a spryngynge and wellynge vp of waters / and also flodes / bothe of the see & alsoo of the fresshe ryuers and spryn∣ges / that the see bankes / walles and cos¦tes / brake vp / that mennnys bestes and housys in many places and namely in lowe countrees / vyolently and sodaynly were drowned / & fruytes dryuen awaye of the erthe / thrugh contynuaunce and abundaūce of waters of the see / euer mo¦re afterwarde were torned into more salt¦nesse and sourenesse ot sauoure. ¶The x. yere of kynge Edwardes regne. kyng Edwarde entred the Scottes see after Mydsomer. And to many of the Scot∣tes he yaue batayll / and ouercame them and many he treatyd and bowed vntoo his peas / thrughe his doughtynesse and hardynesse. ¶And after the feest of sa∣ynt Myghell▪ then next folowynge was the erle of Moryf had & taken at Eden∣burgh and brought into Englonde and put into pryson. ¶And in the monethes of Iune and Iulii than next folowynge in the .xi. yere of his regne was seen and appyered in y^• fyrmament a bemed ster¦re the whiche clerkes calle stella Cometa and that sterre was seen in dyuers par∣tes of y^• fyrmament ¶where after ano¦ne there folowed in Englonde gode che¦pe and wonder greate plente of all chaf¦fare vytaylles and marchaundyse / and there ayenst honger scarsyte myscheyf & nede of money. ¶In soo moche that a quartre of whete atte London was solde for two shellynge / and a good fatte oxe at a noble / and fyue gode douues byrdes for a peny / In whiche yere deyed sir Io¦hn̄ of Eltham erle of Cornewayle that was kynge Edwardes brother and lye∣the atte westmestre.

¶How kynge Edwarde made a duchie of the erldom of Cornewayle and also•• of syxe othere erles that were newe ma∣de / and of the fyrste chalenge of the kyn¦gedome of Fraunce.

IN the yere of our lorde a thousan¦de. CCC.xxxvii. and of kynge to¦warde .xii. in the moneth of Marche du∣rynge the parlement at westmestre in lē te tyme kynge Edwarde made of the er¦ledome of Cornewayle a duchye & lete it calle the duchye of Cornewayle / y^• whi¦che duchye he gaf vnto Edward his hir¦ste sone with the erldome of Chestre. and also kynge Edwarde made at that sa∣me tyme syxe other erles / that is for too saye syr Henry the erle of Lancastres so∣ne / erle of Leycetre / wyllyam of Boghū erle of Northampton / wyllyam of Mo∣untagu / erle of Salysbury / Hugh of A••¦dell erle of Gloucestre / Robert of Vffor¦de erle of Southfolke / And wyllyam of Clyton er••e of Huntyngeton. ¶And in that same yere it was ordeyned in the sa¦me parlement that no man sholde were no clothe that was wrought out of En∣glonde / as clothe of goldene of sylke or veluet or damaske or satyn baudkynne none suche other ne none wylde ware ne¦furres of beyonde the see. But suche as myght spende an hondred pounde of rē¦te by yere. But this ordynaūce and statu¦te was but of lytyll effect / for it was no thynge holden. ¶In the xiii. yere of his regne kynge Edwarde went ouer see in to Braban with quene Philyp his wyf there berynge a chylde at And werpe the¦re he dwellyd more than a yere for to tre¦ate with the duke of Braban and other alyed vnto hym of the chalengynge of the kyngdome of Fraunce. to kynge Ed¦warde of Englonde by ryght and by he¦rytage after the dethe of Karoll the gre¦te kynge of Fraunce brother Germayne of quene Isal•••• kynge Edwardes mo¦der / the whiche was holden and occupied vnryghtfull by Phylyp of Valoys the e¦mes sone of kynge Karoll / y^• whiche du¦ke and all his in the forsayd thynges & all otherlongynge there to with all his men and goodes kynge Edwarde to••∣de redy vnto hym and made & behyght

hym suerte by good fayth & truste / and after y^• the kynge hasted hym ayen into Englonde & left there the quene styll be hynde hym in Braban. Than in y^• .xiiii yere of his regne whan all y^• lordes of his reame and other that oughten to be at his parlemēt were called & assembled togyder in y^• same parlement holden at London after y^• feest of saynt Hylarye / The kynges nedes were put forth & pro¦mothed as touchyng y^• kyngdō of Fraū¦ce. For whiche nedes to be spedde y^• kyn¦ge axed y^• fyfte parte of all the meuable goodes of Englonde & y^• mulles & y^• .ix. sheep of euery corne / And all y^• lordes of euery towne where suche thynges shold be taxyd & gadryd sholde answer too the kynge therof / & had it and held it at his owne lust & wyll. wherfore yf I sholde knowleche the very trouthe / the ynner lo¦ue of y^• people was torned in too hate / & the comyn prayers into cursynge / for cau¦se that the comune people were so stron¦gely greued. ¶Also the forsayd Phylyp Valoys of Frauce had gadred vnto him a greate hoste & destroyed in his parties & kyngdom / many of the kynges fren∣des of Englonde with townes & castels many other of theyr lordshyppes & ma¦ny harmes shamys & dystytes dyd vnto the quene / wherfore kyng Edward whā he herde this tydynges strongly meued therwith and an angred. & sente dyuers letters ouer see to the quene & to other y^• were his frendes. gladynge them certefi¦enge them that he wolde be there hym∣self in all the hast y^• he myghte. ¶And anone after Ester whan he had sped of all thynges y^• hym neded to haue / he wēt ouer set ayen. Of whose comynge y^• que¦ne & all his frendes were wonder gladd and made moche Ioy And all that were his enmyes and helde ayenst hym made as moche sorowe. ¶In the same tyme the kynge thrugh counseyll of his trewe¦lyeges and counseyll of his lordes that there were present w^t hym write the kyn¦ge of Fraunces name / & toke & medled the kynges armes of Fraunce quartred with tharmes of Englonde / & cōmaun¦ded forth w^t his coyen of gold vnder dis¦crypcyon & writynge of y^• name of En∣glonde & of Fraūce to be made beste that myghte bee / & y^• is too saye y^• floreyne y^• was callyd y^• nobell pryce of .vi. shellȳge vii. pens sterlynge / & y^• halfe nobell y^• va¦luc .iii. shellynge & iiii. pens / & y^• farth••••¦ges the value of .xx. pens.

¶How kynge Edwarde come vnto the scluys and dyscomfyted all the powere of Fraunce in the hauen.

ANd in the next yere after••that is to saye the .xv. yere of his regne he commaūded & lete wryte in his char∣tres wryttes and other letters the date of the regne of Fraunce the fyrst. And w••y¦le that he was thus doynge and trauayl¦lynge in Fraunce thrughe his counseyll he wrote to all the prelates dukes erles & barons and the noble lordes of the cou••¦tre / and also too dyuerse of the comune people dyuers lettres and maūdementes berynge date at Gandaut the .viii. daye of February. And anone after within a lytyll tyme he came ayen into Englond with the quene & her chyldren. ¶And in the same yere on mydsomer euen he be∣gan to saylle towarde Fraunce ayen & manly & fyersly he fell vpon Philyp of Valoys the whiche longe tyme laye and had gadryd to hȳ a full lōge & boystous meny of dyuers nacyons in y^• hauen. of Scluys / and there they foughten togy∣der y^• kyng of Fraūce & he w^t their hos¦tes fro myddaye to thre of y^• clocke in the morne / in the which batayll were slayne xxx. thousande men of the kynges compa¦ny of Fraunce / and many shyppes and cogges were taken. And so thrugh god∣des helpe he had there y^• uyctorye. & bere thens a gloryous chyualrye ¶And in the same yere abowte saynt Iames ty∣de

without the yates of saynt Omers ro¦bert of Arthoys with men of Englonde & Flaundres faught ayenst the duke of Burgon & the Frensshmen / at whiche batayll were slayne & take of y^• Frenssh¦men. xv barons & .lxxx. knyghts / & shyp∣pes & barges were take vnto y^• nombre of .CC. & .xxx. ¶The ••ame yere y^• kyn∣ge makynge & abydynge vpon the sege of tornay y^• erle of Henaude w^t Englys¦she archers made assaute vnto y^• towne of saynt Amande where they slewe. ••kni¦ghtes & many other & also destroyed the towne. ¶And in y^• .xvi yere of his regne folowynge in y^• wynter tyme the kynge dwelled stylle vpon the forsayd seyge & sent oftyme into Englonde vnto his tre sorer & other purueyours for golde and moneye y^• sholde be sente vnto hym the∣re in his nede / but his proctours & mes∣syngers cursedly & full clously serued hȳ at his nede & deceyued hym / on whoos defaute & latches the kynge toke trewes bytwene hym & the kynge of Fraunce / And then kynge Edwarde full of sha∣me and sorowe in his hert withdrew hȳ fro the sege & come into Brytayne & the¦re was so grete stryue of vatayll y^• he los¦te many of his people. And whā he had done there that he come for he dressyd hȳ ouer see into Englonde warde. ¶And as he saylled towarde Englonde in the hygh see the moost myshappes stormes and tempestes thondre and lyghtnynge felle to hym in the see / the whiche was sayd that it was done and araysyd thru¦ghe euyll spyrytees made by sorcery and nygromancye of thē of Fraūce / wherfo¦re the kynges herte was full of sorowe / & anguisshe wellȳge & syghynge & sayd vnto our lady in this wyse. ¶Oblessyd lady saynt Mary what is y^• cause y^• euer more goynge into Fraūce all thynges & wethers fallen to me Ioyfull & lykynge & as I wolde haue them / but alway tor¦nynge into Englonde warde all thyg{is} fallen vnprofytable and very harmfull neuersheles he scapyd all perylles of the see as god wolde / & came to the tour of London by nyght. ¶And the same yere the kynge helde his Crystmas at Mene¦res & sent worde to the Scottes by hys messyngers y^• he was redy and wolde do fyghte with theym: but the Scottes wol¦de not abyde y^• but fledde ouer the Scot¦tes se & hyd them as well as they might ¶And in y^•: xvii. yere of his regne about the feest of the Cōuersyon of saynt poul kynge Edwarde whan he hadde ben in Scotlonde & sawe y^• the Scottes were fledde tho he come ayen into Englonde ¶And a lytell before lent was the turne¦ment at Dunstable / to the whiche turne¦ment come all the yonge bachelary and chyualry of Englonde with many other erles and lordes. Atte the whiche turne¦ment kynge Edwarde hymself was the re present. ¶And the next yere folowyn¦ge in the .xviii. yere of his regne atte his parlement holden at westmynster the a¦uyzeme of Paske kynge Edward y^• thir¦de made Edwarde his fyrste sone pryn¦ce of walys. ¶And in the .xix. yere of his regne anone after in Ianyuer before lēte the same kynge Edwarde let make full noblle Iustes & grete feestes in the place of his byrthe at wyndesore y^• there was neuer none suche seen therafore. At whi¦che feest & ryaltee were two kynges and two quenes y^• prynce of walys / the duke of Cornewayle .x. Erles .ix. Countesses barons and many burgeys the whyche myght not lyghtly be nombred / and of dyuerse londes beyonde the see werē ma¦ny straungers. And atte the same tyme whan y^• Iustes were done. kyng Edwar¦de made a grete souper in y^• whiche he or¦dened & began his roūde, table & ordened & stedfasted the daye of the rounde ta∣ble to be holden there at wyndesore in y^• Wytsone weke euer more yerely. And in this tyme Englysshmen so moche haun¦ted and cleuyd to the woodnes & foly of she straungers / y^• frome tyme of comyn¦ge

of Henaudees .xviii. yere passed they ordeyned & chaunged theym euery yere dyuerse shappes & dysguysynge of clo∣thynge of longe large and wyde clothes destitute & dyserte frome all olde honest & gode vsage. And an other tyme shorte clothes & strayt wastyd dagged & kyt & on euery syde slatered & botomed with sleues & tapytis of surcotes & hodes ouer longe & ouermoche hangynge / y^• yf I the sothe shall saye they were more lyke too tormentours & deuyls in theyr clothyng & shoynge & other araye than to men & the wymen more nycely yet passed y^• mē in araye and curyouslyer / for they were soo strayt clothed y^• they lete hange fore¦tayles sewed byneth within ther clothes for to fele and hyde theyr arses / the why¦che dysguysynges & pryde parauenture / afterwarde brought forth & caused ma∣ny mysshappes & myscheyf in y^• reame of Englond. ¶The .xx. yere of kynge Edwarde he went ouer into Brytayne & Galcoyne. in whos cōpany wente the erle of warwyk / y^• erle of Suffolke. the erle of Huntyngton & the erle of Arun∣dell / & many other lordes & comune peo∣ple in a greate multytude with a greate Nauye of .CC. & .xl. shyppes / anone af∣ter mydsomer for to auenge hym of ma¦ny wronges & harmes too hym done by Philyp of Valoys kynge of Fraūce ayen¦ste the trewes before honde graūtyd / the whiche trewes he falsly & vntrewely by cauelacōns losed & disquatte.

¶Howe kynge Edwarde saylled intoo Normandye and arryued at Hogges w^t a greate hoste.

IN y^• .xxi. yere of his regne kȳg ed¦ward thrugh coūseyll of all y^• gre¦te lordes of Englonde callyd & gadryd togider in his parlemēt at westmestre be¦fore Ester ordeyned hym for too passe ouer y^• see agayne for to disease & distro¦ble the rebelles of Fraunce. & whan hys Nauye was come togyder & made redy¦he went with a greate host y^• xii. day of Iulii. & saylled into Normandye and ar¦ryued at hogges. ¶And whan he hadde rested hym there / vi. dayes for by cause or trauaylynge of the see and for to haue out all his men with all theyr necessary¦es out of theyr shyppes he went toward Cadomun brennynge wastynge and des¦troyenge all the townes that he founde in his waye. ¶And the .xxvi. dayes of Iu¦ly at the brydge of Cadony manly and nobly strengthed and defended 〈◊〉〈◊〉 nor¦mans he had there a stronge 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & a longe durynge / thrugh whiche a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 multytude of peoble were slay••e And there were taken of prysoners the erle of Ewe / the lorde of Tankeruyll and a••. hundred of other knyghtes and men of armes and .vi. hondred of footmen 〈◊〉〈◊〉 bred and the towne and the subbarbes / vnto the bart walle / and of all thynges that they myght bere & caryen out was robbyd & dyspoyled. After y^• kynge pas••sed forth by y^• coūtre about y^• brede of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 myle he wastyd all manere thynge that he founde. whan Philyp of valors per / ceyued this / all though he were faste by hym with a stronge host•• yet he wold not come nygh hym but breke all the b••••dg beyonde y^• water of Seyn fro Ro••n too Parys & hymself fledde vnto y^• same •••• te of Parys withall y^• hast y^• he myght. ¶Forsothe the noble kynge Edwarde whan he come to Parys brydge & found it broken / within two dayes be lete ma∣ke it agayne And in the morowe after y^• Assumpcyon of our lady kynge Edwar¦de passed ouer the water of Seyn goy••¦ge towarde Cresey and dystroyed by the waye townes with the people dwellyn¦ge therin / And in the feestr of Saynt Bartholomewe he passed ouer the wa∣ter of sōme vn hurt w^t all his host there as neuer before honde ony manere way¦ne passage. where two thou••d were slay¦ne of them y^• letted theyre passage ouer

¶Therfore the .xxvi. daye of Auguste / kynge Edwarde in felde fast by Cresey hauynge thre batayl•• of Englysshmen encoūtred & mette w^t Philyp of Valoys hauynge w^t hym .iiii. batayls of whiche y^• leest passed gretly y^• nombre of Englis¦she people. And whan these two hostes mette togyder / there fell vpon hym the kynge of Beme / y^• duke of Loreyn. & er¦les also of Flaūdres / Dalaūson / Bloys Harecourt / Aumarle & Neuors / & mani other er••es barons lordes & knyght{is} and men of armes y^• nōbre of a .M.b.C.xlii. w^t out footmen & other men armed that were not thynge rekened. And for all this y^• vngloryous Philyp withdrewe hym w^t the resydue of his people. wherfore it was sayd in cōmune amonge his owne people. Nerēbeall soy retreyt. y^• is to saye oure fayre withdraweth hym. ¶Than kynge Edward & our Englysshmen thā¦ked almyghty god for suche a vyctory af¦ter theyr greate labour taken to theym all thynge nedefull to theyr sustynaūce / & sauynge of theyr lyues / & for drede of theyr enmyes rested them there. And ful erly in y^• mornynge after y^• Frensshmen w^t a grete passynge hoste come ayen for to gyue batayll & fyght w^t y^• Englysshe me•• / with whome mette & encoūtred the erle of warwyk Northampton & North folke with theyr company & slewe two thousande & toke many prysoners of the gentyls of thē. And y^• remenaūt of y^• sa¦me host fled thre myle thens. And y^• thir¦de daye after y^• batayll y^• kynge went to Calays ward destroyenge all y^• townes as he rode thyder / whan y^• he was comē y^• is to saye y^• thyrd daye of Septēbre he began to besege y^• towne w^t y^• castell & cō tynued his sege fro y^• forsayd thyrde day of Septēbre to the thyrd daye of August y^• next yere after. And in y^• same yere du¦rynge y^• syege of Calays y^• kyng of scot¦londe with a greate multytude of scott{is} came into Englonde to Neuyles crosse / aboute saynt Lucas daye y^• Euangelyst hopynge and trustynge for to haue fo••••d all y^• londe voyde of people for as mo∣che as the kynge of Englond was beyō¦de the see / sauf oonly prestes and men of holy chyrche and women & chyldren / & plowmen & suche other labourers / & the¦re they come & robbyd & dyd moche pre∣uy sorowe. But yet founde they ynough that theym withstode by the grace of al¦myghty god / And so a daye of bataylle was assygned bytwene theym & certayn lordes & men of holy chyrche y^• were of that countre with other comune people faste by the cyte of Duresme. atte which daye thrugh the grace and helpe of god almyghty the scottes were ouercomen & yet were there thre tymes so many of thē as of Englysshmen. And there was slay¦ne all the chyualrye knyghthode of the reame of Scotlonde. And ther was taken as they wolde haue fledde thens Dauyd the kynge of Scotlonde hymself & the erle of mentyf syr wyllyam Dou∣glas and many other greate men of scot¦londe. ¶And after that our Englysshe men whan they had rested theym a few dayes and hadde ordeyned theyr kepers of the north coūtree. they came to Londō and brougt with them syre Dauyd y^• kynge of Scotlonde and all the other lordes that were taken prysoners vnto y^• toure of London with all the haste that they myghte. and left them there in saut kepynge vnto the kynges comynge and went home ayen into theyr owne coūtre And afterwarde was the kynges raun¦son of Scotlonde taxed too an hondred thousande marke of syluer too be payed within .x. yere / that is to saye euery yere .x. thousande marke.

¶How kynge Edwarde besyeged Ca∣lays and how it was wonne and yolden vnto hym.

IN the .xxii. yere of kynge Edwar¦des regne he wente ouer the see in

the wynter tyme and laye all the wynter at the syege of Calays / the whiche yere while the syege lasted & endured Philyp the kynge of Fraūce caste & purpoysed traytourously & with fraude to put a wa ye the syege & came y^• .xxvii. daye of Iuyl •• y^• same yere with a greate hoost and a stronge power & neyghed to y^• sege of Ca¦lays. The whiche Phylip y^• last daye of Iulii. sent to y^• kynge Edwarde worde y^• he wolde gyue hym playne batayll the thyrde daye after y^• about euensonge ty∣me yf he durste come fro the syege & abi¦de. And whan kynge Edwarde herde y^• withoute ony longe taryenge or longe a¦uysement accept gladly y^• daye & houre of batayll y^• Philyp had assygned. And whan y^• kynge of Fraunce herde y^• / the next nyght after he set his tentys a fyre & remeued & wente his waye thens cow¦ardely. Then they y^• were in y^• towne & in the castell besyeged sawe all this that they had none other helpe ne socour of y^• kynge of Fraūce ne of his men. And al∣so y^• theyr vytayls within thē were spen¦ded & wastyd & for faute of vytayls & of tefresshynge they eten horses hoūdes cat¦tes and myse for to kepe theyr trouth as longe as they myghte. And whan they sawe and was founde amonge them at the last that they had no thynge among them for to ete ne lyue by ne no socoure ne rescowe of the Frensshmen / of y^• other syde they wyst well y^• they muste nedes deye for defaute or els yelde y^• towne / & anone they went & toke downe y^• baners & the armes of Fraunce on euery syde y^• were hangen out & went on the walles of y^• forsayd towne on dyuerse places as naked as euer they were borne sauf on∣ly theyr shertes & theyr preuy clothes / & helde theyr swerdes naked & the poynte do••••warde in theyr hondes / & putten ro∣pes & halters about ther neckes & yelded vp the keyes of y^• towne & of the castell to kynge Edwarde of Englonde wyth greate fere & drede of theyr lyues & god{is} and drede of herte / And whan kyng Ed¦warde sawe all this as a mercyable kȳ¦ge and lorde receyued them to grace / & a fewe of y^• grettest prysoners of estate & of gouernaūce of y^• towne he sent intoo Englonde there for to abyde theyr raū¦son and the kynges grace. And all the commynalte of the towne the kyng lete goo wheder they wolde in peas and with¦out ony harme / and lete them bere with them all theyr thynges that they myght bere and carye awaye / kepynge the tow¦ne and the castell to hymselfe. Thenne thrugh meditacyon of Cardynales that were sent frome the pope / trewes was ••••¦ke there bytwene Fraunce and Englon¦de for .ix. monethes than next folowyng And about Myghelmas kynge Edwar¦de come ayen into Englonde with a glo¦ryous vyctory. ¶And in the .xxiii. yere of his regne. in the E••st partyes of y^• ••worl¦de there arose and began a pestylence •• dethe of Sarasyns and Paynyms that so greate a dethe was neuer herde of a fore / and that wasted awaye the people so that vnneth the tenthe persone was lefte alyue. ¶And the same yere abowte the southe countrees and also in the west countrees there fell so moche rayne and so grete waters y^• from Crystmas to mid somer there was vnnethes nos daye ••e¦nyght but y^• it rayned somwhat thrugh whiche waters y^• pestylence was so enf¦ted & so habūdante in all countre•• & na¦mely acout y^• court of Rome. & other pla¦ces & see costes y^• vnneth there were left lyuynge folke for to bury theym y^• were dede honestly. But made greate dyches & pytt•• y^• were wonder brode & depe and therin buryed thē / & made a re••ge of de¦de bodyes & caste a lytell erthe to fele thē aboue / & than caste in a nother renge of bede bodyes / and an other renge aboue theym / and thus were they buryed & no¦ne otherwys•• / but yf it were so that they were men of greate estate soo that they were buryed as honestly as they myght.

¶And after all this in the .xxiiii. yereof kynge Edwardes regne it was done hȳ to wete & vnderstande of a treason that was begon at Calays & ordeyned for to sell y^• towne for a greate somme of Flo¦rens vnto kynge Phylip of Fraūce thru¦ghe y^• flasnesse & ordynaūce of a knight that was called syr Geffrey of Cherney was wonder preuy with kynge Phylyp of Fraūce. And whan kynge Edwarde herde this he toke w^t hym y^• noblest & gē¦tyllest lord{is} & many other worthy mē of armes y^• were there presente w^t hym for the solempnyte of y^• hygh fest. And well & wisely in all y^• hast y^• he myght / & as pryuely as he myght he went ouer se to∣warde Calays. And y^• same yere y^• gode kynge Edwarde helde his Ceystmas at Hauerynge. & y^• morne after newe yeres daye y^• kynge was in y^• castell of Calais with his men of armes that none of the alyens wist therof. And that fals conspi¦ratour & traytoure Geffrey of Cherney syth that he myght not openly haue his purpose of the castell pryuely and stelȳ gely he come in & held y^• towen w^t a gre¦te hast. And whan he w^t his men were co¦men in / he payed y^• forsayd sōme of flo∣reyns as couenaūt was to a Geneweye in the towne that was keper of y^• castell and consentynge to the same Geffreye in all his falsnesse and trechorye & boū den the Englyssh mynstrels and seruaū¦••es that were in the castell y^• they myght not helpe themselfe ne lette thē of theyr purpos. And than wenynge y^• they had ben sure ynough / thenne they spaken all theyr wyckydnesse and falsnesse openly on hygh that all men myght here. And now shall ye here how they were decey∣ued / for they came in by a pr••uy poster∣ne ouer a lytyll brydge of tree / & whan they were comen in subtyly & pryuely y^• brydge was drawen vp and kept that no¦ne of thē that came in myght go out ne¦no mo myght come to thē / & anone oure Englysshmen went out at preuy holes & wyndowes & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y^• walles of the towne & of the castell & wente & taught manly with y^• Frensshmen y^• were w^t out & had che better of thē / y^• whiche whan they we¦re occupyed by thēself on theyr syde / the kynge y^• was w^t in y^• towne hauyng scar¦sely but .xxx. men of armes drew out his swerde & with a loude voys he cryed on hygh. O saynt Edwarde. A saynt G••∣orge. And whan y^• people herde y^• / they co¦me rennynge to hym & gaaf there to the¦yr enmyes so greate assawte y^• there were mo than two hondred men of armes & many mo other slayne and many fledde away. And so by y^• grace of god alimigh¦ty the vyctory fell vnto the Englysshe∣men. Thenne the kynge toke with him this Geffray y^• was fynder of this tre∣chory / and also many other Frenssh pry¦soners / and thenne within a whyle af∣ter he come agayne into Englonde. and in this same yere and in the yere afore and alsoo in the yere nexte folowynge was so greate a pestylence of men frome the ••••st in to the weste and namely tho∣rughe botches / that thoo that sykened / as on this daye deyed on the thyrde da∣ye after / to the which men that so deyed in this pestylence hadde but lytell respy¦te of lyggynge. ¶The pope Clemente of his goodnesse and grace gaaf they us fulle remyssyon and forgyuenesse of all theyr synnes that they were shiyuen of / and this pestylence lasted in London fro Myghelmas vnto August. next folowyn¦ge almoost an hole yere. ¶And these da¦yes was dethe withoute sorowe / weddȳ∣ges without frendshyp / wylfull penaū∣ce / and derth without scharsyte. & fleȳge without refute or socour. for many fled¦de frome place to place bycause of y^• pes¦tylence / but they were enfected & myght not escape the deth / after that the prophe¦te Isay sayth who that fleeth fro thefa¦ce of drede he shall falle into the dyche And he that wyndethe hym oute of the dyche he shall be holde and tyed 〈◊〉〈◊〉 a

〈…〉〈…〉 this pestylence was 〈…〉〈…〉 vnnethes the tenth 〈…〉〈…〉 people was left on lyue. And 〈…〉〈…〉 a wonder thynge 〈…〉〈…〉 after y^• pestylē 〈…〉〈…〉 in theyr heed lasse 〈…〉〈…〉 hadde afore.

¶How kynge Edwarde hadde a greate batayll with Spanyardes in these fast by ••ynchelsee.

ANd in the .xxx. yere of his regne about saynt Iohn̄s daye in har¦uest in y^• see fast by wynchelse kynge Ed¦warde had a greate bataylle with men of Spayne where y^• theyr shyppes and nauye laye chayne togyder / y^• other they muste fyght or be drenched. & soo whan all our worthy men of armes & of y^• se cos¦tes fast by wynchelse & romeny were ga¦dred togyder / & our nauye & shypp{is} al redy to y^• warre / y^• Englysshmen mette manly & strongly with theyr enmyes co∣mynge fyersly ayenst them. ¶And whā the Spayn•• vessels & nauye were closed all about / there men myghte see stronge batayll on both sydes & longe duryng in y^• whiche batayll was but fewe y^• faught but they were pytously hurte. And after y^• batayll there were .xxiii shyppes taken & so y^• Englysshmen had y^• better. And in y^• next yere folowynge of his regne. y^• is to saye y^• .xxvi. yere y^• kynge thrugh his coūseyll let ordeyne & make his new mo¦ney y^• is to saye y^• pe••y y^• grote value of iiii. pens & the half grote of .ii. pens. but it was of lesse weyght than y^• olde 〈…〉〈…〉 be .v. shellynge in y^• pounde / ¶ And in y^• .xxvii. yere of his regne was the greate derth of vytayls y^• which was called y^• 〈…〉〈…〉. And the .xxviii. yere of his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in y^• parlement holden atte 〈◊〉〈◊〉 after 〈◊〉〈◊〉. syr Henry erle of Lancastre was made duke of Lancastre & in this yere 〈◊〉〈◊〉 so greate a drought y^• frome the 〈…〉〈…〉 to y^• Mo¦nethe of Iuyll there fell no rayn o•••• ther the / wherfore all fruytes sedes & herbes / for the moost parte were loste in defaut wherfore come so greate dysease of men & beestes & derthe of vytayls in Englon¦de y^• this londe y^• euer afore had ben plē¦teuous had nede y^• tyme to fe••e vytayls and refresshynge at other out 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & coū¦tres. And the .xxix. yere of kynge Edwar¦de it was accorded graūted and sworne bytwene y^• kynge of Fraūce & kyng Ed¦warde of Englonde y^• he sholde haue a yen all his lond•• & lordshyppes y^• longed to y^• duchye of Guyhen of olde tyme y^• whiche had ben w^t drawen & wrongful¦ly occupyed by dyuerse kyng{is} of Fraūce before honde to haue & to holde to kyng Edwarde & to his heyres & successours for euer more. frely peasybly & in goode quyete vpon this couenaūt y^• the kyng of Englonde sholde leue of & releasen all his ryght & clayme that he had claymed of y^• kyngdom of Fraūce & of y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he toke therof / vpon whiche 〈◊〉〈◊〉 couenaūtes it was sent to y^• 〈…〉〈…〉 Ro¦me on bothe sydes of y^• kynges 〈…〉〈…〉 forsayd couenaūt shold be 〈…〉〈…〉 god ordeyned better for the kynges ••••••shyp of Englōde. for what thrugh fra••¦de & dysceyte of the Frensshmen? what thrughe lettynge of the pope and of the courte of Rome the forsayd couenauntes were dysquate and left of. ¶And in the same yere the kynge reuoked by his w•• se and dyscrete counseylle / the staple of wulles out of Flaundres into Englond wyth all the lybertees fraunches and fre customes that longed therto and ••dey∣ned it in Englonde in dyuerse places / y^• is for to saye at westmystre / Caunterbu¦ry. Chychestre. Brystowe. Lyncoln. and Hulle with all the forsayd thynges that longen therto. And y^• ••hys thynge that sholde thus be done the kynge swo•••• hȳ¦self therto / & prynce Edwarde his sone with other many grete wyenesses y^• ther•• were presente. ¶And the .xxx. yere of

his regne anone after wytsontyde in the parleamente ordeyned at westmenstre it was tolde & certefyed to y^• kynge y^• Phy¦lyg y^• helde y^• kyngdome of Fraūce was deed. and y^• Ioh••̄ his sone was crowned kynge. and y^• this Iohn̄ had gyuen Ka∣roll his sone y^• duchye of Guyhen. of y^• whiche thynge kynge Edward whan he wyst therof / he had greate Indygnacōn vnto hym & was wonder wrothe & strōg ly meued. And therfore afore all y^• wor∣thy lordes y^• there were assembled at that parlement / callyd Edwarde his sone vn¦to hym / to whome y^• duchye of Guyhen by ryght herytage sholde longe to / & gat it hym there / byddynge and strenthyng hym / y^• he sholde ordeyne hym for to de∣fende hym & auenge hȳ vpon his enemy¦es & saue & mayntene his ryght. And af¦terwarde kynge Edwarde hymselfe / & his eldest sone Edwarde went to dyuers places & sayntes in Englonde on pilgri¦mage for too haue y^• more helpe & grace of god and of his sayntes. And .ii. kal of Iuyll: whan all thynge was redy to that vyage & batayll & all his retenue & pow¦er assembled & his nauye also redy he to¦ke with hym y^• erle of warwyk y^• erle of Suffolk y^• erle of Salesbury & the erle of Oxford & a thousande men of armes & as many archers / and in the Natyuy¦te of our lady / toke theyr shyppes at plū¦mouthe & began to sayll. And whan he come & was arryued in Guyon / he was there worshypfully aken & receyued of y^• moost noblest men & lordes of that coun¦tree. ¶And anone afer kynge Edwar¦de toke with hym his two sones. that is to saye. syr Lyonell erle of Vlton and sir Iohn̄ his brother erle of Rychemonde & syr Henry duke of Lancastre with ma∣ny erles and lordes and men of armes & two thousande archers & saylled towar¦de Fraū••e & rested hym a whyle at Ca∣lays & after y^• kynge went with his host aforsayd & with other souldyours of be yonde y^• see y^• there abode y^• kyng{is} comȳ¦ge the seconde daye of Nofuembre & toke his Iourney toward kynge Iohn̄ of fra¦unce there as he trowed too haue founde hym fast by Odoma{rum} as his letters and couenaūt made mencyon y^• he wolde a byde hym there with his host. And whā kynge Iohn̄ Fraūce herde telle of the kynges comynge of Englonde / he went awaye with his men & caryage coward¦ly & shamfully fleynge & wastynge all vytayls y^• Englysshmen sholde not haue therof. ¶And whan kynge Edwarde / herde telle y^• he fledde he pursued hym w^t all his hoste tyll Henede / & than he behol¦dynge y^• scarsyte and wantynge of vy∣tayls & also y^• cowardyse of y^• kynge of Fraūce he torned ayen wastynge all the coūtree. ¶And whyle all thyse thynges were a doynge / y^• Scott{is} pryuely and by¦nyghte. toke y^• towne of Berwyksleyng theym y^• withstode theym & no manels. but blessyd be god y^• castell was saued & kept by Englysshmen that were therin whan the kynge perceyued all this / he torned ayen into Englonde as wroche as he myghte be / wherfore in the parlea¦ment at westmynster was grauntyd to the kynge of euery sacke of wulle .l. shil¦lyng•• durynge the terme of .vi. yere that he myghte myghtlyer fyght and defend the reame ayenst the Scottes and other mysdoers. And so whan all thynges we¦re redy the kynge hasted hym towarde the syege.

¶How kynge Edwarde was crowned kynge of Scotlonde / and howe prynce Edwarde toke the kynge of Fraunce & syr Philyp his yonger sone at y^• batayll of Peyters.

ANd in the .xxxi. yere of his reg∣ne the .xiii. daye of Iany••••re the kynge beynge in the castell of Ber∣wyke with a fewe men / but he hauy••ge. there faste by a grete hoost. The towne was yolden vnto hym without ony ma∣ner

defence or dyffyculte. Than the kin¦ge of Scotlonde that is for to saye sir Io¦hanne Bayloll considerynge how that god dyd many meruaylles & gracyous thynges for kynge Edwarde at his ow¦ne wyll fro daye to daye / he toke & gaaf vp y^• reame of Scotlonde & y^• crowne of Scotlonde at Rokesburgh in y^• kynges hondes of Englōde vnder his patent let¦ter there made. ¶And anone after kyn¦ge Edwarde in presence of all y^• prelat•• & other worthy men & lordes y^• were the¦re lette hym crowne kynge of Scotlond And whan all thynges were done & or∣deyned in y^• coūtrees at his wyll / he tor∣ned ayen into Englonde w^t a grete wor¦shyp. ¶And whyle this vyage was in do¦ynge in scotlonde / syr Edwarde prynce of wales as a man enspyred in god was in Guyhen in y^• cyte of Burdeux treatȳ ge & spekynge of the chalenge & of the kynges ryght of Englonde y^• he had to the reame of Fraūce / & y^• he wolde be a¦uenged with stronge honde / & the prela¦tes peres & myghty men of y^• coūtree con¦sented well to hym. Than syr Edward the prynce with a greate hoste gadred to hym the .vi. daye of Iuyll wente frome Burdeux goynge & ••raueylynge bi ma∣ny dyuerse coūtrees / & he toke many pry¦soners mo than .vi. thousand men of ar¦mes by the countre as he went & toke y^• towne of Remorantyn in Saloygne & besyeged the castell .vi. dayes. And at the vi. dayes ende they yolde the castell vnto hym / & there was taken y^• lorde of crow¦ne & sir Bursygaud & many other kny¦ghe{is} and men of armes moo than .lxxx. And fro thens by Toren & Peten faste by Chyneney his noble men y^• were with hȳ had a stronge batayll with Frensshe¦men / & an hūdred of theyr mē of armes wereslayne. & y^• erle of Daūce & the stew¦arde of Fraūce were taken with an ho••••dred men of armes. In y^• whiche yere y^• xix. daye of Septēbre fast by Pey•••••• the same prynce with a thousande & .ix. hon¦dred men of armes and archers ordeined a batayll to kynge Iohn̄ of Fraūce co∣mynge to the prȳce warde with .vii. M. chosen men of armes & moche other peo¦ple a greate nombre / of the whiche were slayne the duke of Barbon & the duke of Athenes & many other noble mē & of y^• prynces men of armes a. M▪ & of other the trewe accompte & rekenynge .viii.C And there the kynge of Fraūce was ••a¦ken & syr Philyp his yonger son•• & ma¦ny dukes & noble men & worthy 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & men of armes aboute two 〈◊〉〈◊〉 so the vyctory fell there to the pry•••••• & to the people of Englonde by the gra•••• of god. And many ••••at were taken pry¦soners were sette at theyr taunson and vpon theyr troush and knyghode were charged and hadde leue too go. But the prynce toke with hym the kynge of Fra¦unce and Philyp his sone with all the re¦uerence that he myghte and went ayen to Burdeux with a gloryous vyc••ory y^• somme of the men that there were take prysoners and of theym that were 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the daye of batayll .iiii.M.iiii C.xl. and in the .xxxii. yere of kynge Edwarde the v. daye of May prynce Edwarde wyth kynge Iohn̄ of Fraūce and Philyp h•••• sone and many other worthy prysoners aryued gracyously in y^• haue of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the / & the .xxiiii. daye of y^• same mo••••th aboute thre after none they came to Lō¦don by London brydge & so went forthe to the kynges pal••••s at westmynstre & there came 〈◊〉〈◊〉 a multycude and presse of people abowee theym to behold and see that wonder and tyall syghte y^• vnneth 〈◊〉〈◊〉 fro mydday syll nyght myght they ••ot come to westmyster. And y^• kyn¦ge ••••raunson of Fraunce was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & set to thre myllyons of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / of whom two sholde be worth a nobell. And ye shal vn¦derstande that a myllyon is a thousan∣de thousande and after some men his raunson was set at thre thousande thou∣sande floreyns and all is one effect. and

this same yere were made Iust{is} solemp¦ne in Smytfelde beynge present the kin¦ge of Englonde / y^• kynge of Fraunce / & the kynge of Scotlonde / & many other worthy & noble lordes / ¶The .xxxiii. ye¦re of his regne y^• same kynge Edwarde at wyndesore as well for loue of knyght hode as for his owne worshyp & at reue¦rence of y^• kynge of Fraunce & of other lordes y^t were there at y^• tyme / he helde a wonder ryall & costly feest of saynt Ge∣orge passyng ony y^t euer was holden afo¦re. wherfore y^• kynge of Fraūce in scor∣nynge sayd y^• he sawe neuer ne herde su¦che a solempne festes ne ryaltes holden ne done with taylles withoute payenge of golde or syluer. ¶And in y^• .xxxiiii. ye¦re of his regne the .xiiii. kal of Iulii syre Iohn̄ erle of Rychmond kynge Edwar¦des sone wedded dame Blaunche duke Henryes doughter of Lancastre cosyn to the same Iohn̄ by dyspencyon of y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 And ut the meane tyme were ordeyned Iustes at London thre dayes of rogaty¦ons / y^• is for to saye. y^• Mayer of Londō with his .xxiii. aldermen ayenst all that wolde come in whos name & stede the kynge pryuely with his foure sones Ed¦warde / Lyonell / Iohn̄ & Edmonde and other .xix. greate lordes helden the felde. with worshyp. ¶And this same yere as it was tolde and sayd of theym that saw it there come blood oute of the tombe of Thomas somtyme erle of Lancastre as freshe as that daye that he was done to dethe. ¶And in the same yere kyng Ed¦warde chose his sepulture and his lyg∣gynge at westmestre fast by y^• shryne of saynt Edwarde: And anone after y^• .xxvi daye of Octobre. he went ouer see to Ca¦lays makynge protestacōn y^• he wolde ne¦uer come ayen into Englōde tyll he had full ended the warre bytwene Fraūce & hym. ¶And so in y^• .xxvi. yere of his reg¦ne in the wynter tyme kynge Edwarde was and trauaylled in the Ryne costes And abowte saynt Hyllarye tyde he de∣parted his hoste and wente to Bourgon warde / with whome than met peasybly the duke of Bourgon behyghtynge him lxx. thousande floreyns that he shold spa¦re his men & his people / & y^• kynge graū¦tyd at his requeste. & dwelled there vnto the .xvii. daye of Marche / the which ty¦me come to kynges Edwardes cere that stronge theues were on the see vnder che erle of saynt Poule the .xv daye of Mar∣che lyggynge a wayte vpon y^• townes of Hastynge Rye and other places & vyl∣lages on the see cost hadden entred as en¦myes into the towne of wynchelse / and slewe all that euer withstode them and with sayd theyr comynge. wherfore the kynge was gretly meued and wratthed and he torned ayen toward Parys: and cōmaunded his hoste to dystroye & sle all with strenth of swerde that he had befo¦re honde spared. And y^• .xii. daye of april the kynge come to Parys & there depar∣ted his host in dyuers batayls with .iiii. C. knyghtes newe dubbyb on y^• one syde of hȳ. And syr Henry duke of Lancastre vnder peas y^• trewes went vnto y^• yates of y^• cyte proferynge to thē y^• wolde aby¦de batayll in y^• felde vnder suche cōdy¦cion y^• yf y^• kynge of Englōd were ouer comen there / as god forbed it shold / y^• thā he sholde neuer chalenge y^• kyngdom of Fraūce. And there he had of theym but short & scornfull answere & came & tolde it to y^• kynge & his lordes what he hadde herde & what they sayd / And then went forth y^• new kynghtes w^t many othere makynge assawte to y^• cyte & they dystro¦yed y^• subbarbes of y^• cyte. And while al these thȳges were doȳge y^• Englysshmē made thē redy for to be auenged vppon the shame and dyspyte that was done y^• yere at wynchelle and ordeyned a nauye of .lxxx. shyppes of men of London and of other marchauntes and .xiii thousan¦de men of armes and archers and went and serched and skūmed y^• see & manly token and helde the yle of Caux. wher∣fore

the Frensshmen that is for to saye the abbot of Cluyn the erle of Tanker uyll y^• Bursygaude y^• tho was stewarde of Fraūce with many other men of the same coūtre by y^• cōmune assent of y^• lor¦de Charles y^• two was regent of Fraūce they hastyd thē & went to y^• kynge of En¦glonde askynge & besechynge hym sted faste peas & euerlastynge vpon certayne conditiōns y^• there were shewed wryten / The whiche whan y^• kynge & his coun¦seyll had seen it / it pleased hym neuer a deale. but syth it wolde be none other wy¦se y^• tyme of better accorde & delyberacy on / y^• Frensshmen besely & with greate instaūce asked trewes for y^• see costes. & y^• kynge graūty thē. ¶And in y^• morow after y^• vtas of Pasche the kynge torned hym w^t his hoste towarde Orlyaūce oes troyenge & wastynge all y^• coūtre by the way. And as they went thederward ther felle vpon theym suche a storme & tēpest that none of our nacyon neuer herde ne sawe none suche. thrugh y^• whiche thou∣sandes of our mē & theyr horses in their Iourney as if were thrugh vengeaun••r sodeynly were slayne & perysshed. y^• why¦che tempest{is} were full grete yet fered not y^• kynge ne moche of his people but thei went forth in theyr vyage y^• they had be gōne / wherfore aboute y^• fest of Philyp and Iacob in May fast by in Carnocū the forsayd lordes of Fraunce metynge there with the kynge of Englonde a pe¦syble accorde & a fynall vpon certayne condicōs & graūtes artycularly gadred & wryten togyder euermore for too laste dyscretly made & to both y^• kynges prof fytable & to both theyr reames of one as sent of Charles y^• regent & gouernoure of Fraūce & of Parys of y^• same reame wryten & made vnder date of carnocum the .xv. daye of May. they offred & prof fred to y^• kynge of Englonde requyryn¦ge his grace in all thynges wryten that he wolde benyngly admit thē & hold thē ferme & stable to thē & to ther heyres for euermore thens forth / the whiche thyng{is} and articles whan kynge Edward had seen thē he graūtyd them so y^• both par∣tyes sholde be sworne on goddes body / & on y^• Euangelyst y^• theforsayd couena∣unte sholde be stablysshe & so they accor ded gracyously Therfor were ordeyned & dressed on euery syde two barons two baronet••{is} / & two knyghtes to admitte & receyue y^• othes of y^• lorde Chatles rege•• of Fraūce & of syr Edwarde y^• fyrste so¦ne & heyre of kynges Edwarde of En∣glond. And y^• .x. daye of May there was longen a solemyne masse at Parys. and after y^• thyrd Agn{us} der sayd to dun•••• bis pacem / in presen••e of y^• forsayd mē that were ordeyned to Admit••e and ••••∣ceyue the othes and of all other y^• there myght be. So Charles layd his ryghte. honde on the patent with goddes bodye and his left honde on the myssa. •• & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 we. N. sweren on goddes bodye & y^• holy gospels y^• we shal trewly & stedfastly hol¦de towarde vs y^• peas & y^• accorde made bytwene y^• two kynges / & in no maner to do y^• contrary. & there ameng all his lor¦des for more loue & strenthe of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he dealed & departed y^• relyques of y^• cro¦wne of Cryst to y^• knyghtes of Englon¦de / & they token c••tously theyr leue: y^• fryday next y^• same othe in presene of y^• forsayd knyght{is} & of other wo••••vi mē prynce Edwarde made at Louers. After¦warde both kynges & theyr sones & the moost noble men of bothe ••eames. w^t in the same yere made the same other & for to strength all these thyng{is} afore sayd y^• kynge of Englōde axyd y^• grettest men of Fraūce. & had his askȳge y^• is to saye vi. dukes .viii. erles & .xii. ordes all noble barona & good kuyghts. And whan the place and tyme was allygned in whiche both kȳges w^t theyr coūseyll shold com togyder. all y^• forsayd thynges bytwene theym spoken for to ret••ye & make fer¦me and stable the kynge of Englond a none were towarde the see and at Hou••

flet began to saylle leuynge to his hostes that were lefte behynde hym by cause of his absence made moche heuynes and after the .xix. daye of Maye he came into Englonde and wente to his palays atte Westmynster of saynt Dunstans daye and the thyrde daye after he vysyted Io¦han kynge of Fraunce that was in the coure of London and delyuerde hym fre¦ly frome all maner of pryson sauf fyrst they were accorded of thre myllyons of floreyns for his raunsōme / and the kyn∣ge comfortyd hym & cheryd hym in all places with all solace and myrthes that longen to a kynge in his goynge home∣warde. ¶And the .ix. daye of Inlii in the same yere this same Iohn̄ kynge of Fra¦unce that afore laye here in hostage wen¦te home ayen / into his owne londe too treate of tho thynges and: other that lon¦ged & fallen to the gouernaunce of hys reame. ¶And afterwarde mette & came togyder at Calays bothe two kynges w^t bothe theyr counseyll abowte all Halow en tyde. and there were shewed y^• condy∣cyons & the poyntes of y^• peas & of the accorde of bothe lydes wrytten / & there without ony with sayenge of bothe sydes gracyously they were accorded. And the¦re was done & songen a solempne masse and after the thyrd Agn{us} dei / vpon god¦des body and also vpon the masse boke both the kynges and theyr sones and the gretteste lordes of both reames and of theyr counseyll that there were presente and had nott sworne before the forsayd other that they had made and tytled by∣twene theym they behyghten to kepe / & all other couenaūtes y^• were bytwene thē ordeyned. ¶And in this same yere men beestes trees & houses with sodayne tem peste and stronge lyghtnynge were pe∣rysshed / and the deuyll apperyd bodely in mānes lyknes to moche people as thei went in dyuers places in the countrees / and spake to theym in that lyknes.

¶How the greate company arose in Fraūce / & the white cōpany in Lombar∣dye / and of other meruaylles.

BYnge Edwarde in the .xxxvi. pere of his regen anone after crysten∣masse in the feste of the conuersyon of saynt Poule helde his parlemente atte westmestre / in y^• which parlement was put forth and shewed the accorde and y^• treates that was stablysshed and made bytwene the two kynges whiche accorde pleased to moche people. and therfore vi the kynges cōmaūdement / there were ga¦dred and come togyder in westmynster chirche the fyrste sondaye of lent. that is to saye y^• .ii. kal of Frebruary. the forsaid Englysshmen & Frensshmen where was songe a solempne masse of the Trynyte of the Archbysshop of Caūterbury mais¦ter Symonde Islepe. And whan Agn{us} dei was done the kynge beynge there w^t his soues / and also the kynges sones of Fraunce. and other noble and grete lor∣des / with candell lyght & crosses brought forthe / all that were callyd therto / that were not sworne afore swore that same othe that was wryten vpon goddes bo∣dy and on the masse booke in this wyse / we. N. and N: sweren vpon goddes body and on the holy gospels stedfastly for to holde and kepe towarde vs the peas & the accorde made bytwene the two kyn∣kes and neuer for to do the contrary / & whan they hadde thus sworne they toke theyr scrowes that theyr othes were cō∣prehended into the notaryes. And this same yere in the Ascencyons euen abou¦te myddaye / was seen the clypses of the sonne / And there folowed suche a drou∣ght / that for defaute of rayne there was greate brennynge of corne fruyte & hey / ¶ And in the same monethe the .vi. kal of Iune there fell a sanguyne rayne al moste lyke blode at Burgon. & a sangui¦ne crosse from morne vnto pryme apcrid and was seen at Boloyn in the heyre y^•

whiche many men sawe / & after it me∣ued and felle in the myddes of the see. ¶And in thesame tyme in Fraunce and Englonde & many other londes as they that were in playne countrees and deser¦te / baren witnesse sodeynly there appe∣ryd two castels / of the whiche went oute two hoostes of armed men. And that o¦ne hooste was closed in whyte and that other in blacke. and whan batayll bytwe¦ne theym was begonne / y^• whyte ouerca¦me the blacke / y^• anone after the blacke toke herte to theym & ouer come y^• white & after y^• they went ayen in to theyr cas¦tels: & than the castels & all y^• hoost va∣nysshed awaye. ¶And in this same ye∣re was a greate & an huge pestylence of people & namely of men / whos wyues as women out of gouernaūce toke husbon¦des as well straungers as other lewde & symple people. y^• whiche forgetynge ther honoure & worshyp coupled and maryed theym with them that were of lowe de∣gre and lytell reputacyon. ¶In this sa¦me yere deyed Henry duke of Lancastre ¶And also in this same yere Edwarde prynce of walys wedded the countesse of Kente that was syre Thomas wyfe of Holonde the whiche was departed somti¦me and deuorced fro the erle of Salysbu¦ry for cause of the same knyght ¶And about this tyme began & rose a grete cō¦pany of dyuerse nasyons gadred togider of whome theyr leders & gouernours we¦re Englysshe people / & they were called a people without ony hede the whyche dyd moche harme in the partye of Fraū¦ce. ¶And not alonge after there arose another company of dyuerse nacyons y^• was called y^• white cōpany / the which in y^• partyes & countrees of Lombardy did moche sorowe. ¶This same yere syre Iohn̄ of Gaunt the sone of kynge Ed∣warde the thyrde was made duke of Lā¦castre by reason and cause of his wyfe y^• was the doughter & the heyre of Henry somtyme duke of Lancastre.

¶Of the grete wynde / and how prynce Edwarde toke the lordshyp of Guyhen of his fader and went theder.

ANd in the xxxvii. yere of kynge Edwarde the .xv. daye of Iany¦uer / that is to saye on saynt Maryes da¦ye about euensonge tyme there arose & come suche a wynde out of the southe w^t suche a fyersnes and strenth that it bras¦ted and blewe downe to the grounde hy¦ghe houses and stronge buyldynges tou¦res chirches & steples and other stronge places / and all other strong werkes that stoden styll were shaken therwith y^t they ben yet and shall euermore be the febler and weyker whyle they stande. And this wynde lasted without ony cessynge .vii. dayes contynually. And anone after the¦re folowed suche waters in the hey tyme and in y^• haruest tyme that all felde wer¦kes were strongly lette and lefte vndoȳ ¶And in the same yere prynce Edwar¦de toke y^• lordshyp of Guyhen & dyd to kynge Edwarde his fader homage and feaute therof / & went ouer see into Gal coyne w^t his wyf & chyldren. ¶And ano¦ne after kynge Edwarde made his sone Lyonell duke of Clarence. & lyr Edmon¦de his other sone / erle of Cambrydge & in the .xxxviii. yere of his regne it was or¦deyned in y^• parleament y^• men of lawe bothe of y^• chirche & temporell lawe shol¦de fro y^• tyme forth plete in theyr moder tonge. ¶And in the same yere come in to Englonde thre kynges y^• is to say the kynge of Fraūce y^• kynge of Cypres & y^• kynge of scotlonde / bycause to bysy•••• & for to speke with the kynge of Englon¦de. And after y^• they had be here lōge ty me two of thē went home into theyr ow¦ne coūtres y^• kyngdoms / but y^• kynge of Fraūce thrugh grete sekenesse & malady y^• he had abode styll in Englonde. And in the .xxxix. yere of his regne. was a stronge and a grete frost & y^• lasted longe that is to saye fro saynt Andrewes ty••

de to the .xiii. kal of Apryll / y^• the tylche & sowynge of the erthe & other suche feld werkes & honde werkes were moche let¦te & left vndoyne for colde & hardnes of the erthe. And at orray in Brytayn was ordeyned a greate dedely batayll bytwe∣ne syr Iohn̄ of Moūtforde duke of Bry¦tayne & syr charles of Bloys but vycto¦ry fell to y^• forsayd iyr Iohn̄ thruh helpe & socour of thenglysshmen. And ther we¦re taken many knyghtes & squyres and other men y^• were vnnombred / in y^• whi¦che batayll was slayne Charles hymsel¦fe w^t all y^• stode about hym & of thenglys¦shmē were slayne but seuen. And in this yere deyed at sauoy Iohn̄ y^e kyng of Fra¦unce / whos seruyce & exequyes kyng Ed¦warde lete ordeyne and dydde in dyuers plac{is} worshypfully to be done / & at Do¦uer of worshypful men ordeyned hȳ wor¦thely to be ledde with his owne costes & erepences / & fro thens was broughte too Fraūce & buryed at saynt Denys. ¶In the .xl. yere of kynge Edwarde y^• .vii. kal of Februer was borne Edwarde prynce Edwardes sone y^• whiche whan he was .vii. of aege he deyed. And in y^• same ye¦re it was ordeyned y^• saynt Peters pens fro y^• tyme forth sholde not be payed the which kynge yuo somtyme kyng of En¦glonde of y^• coūtre of westsaxon y^t began to regne y^• yere of oure lorde god .vi. hon¦dred. lxxix. fyrste graūted to Rome for y^• scole of Englonde therto be contynued. ¶And in this same yere ther fell so gre¦te a rayne in hey tyme that it wasted & destroyed both corn & hey. And there was suche a debate & fyghtynge of sparowes by dyuerse places in these dayes that mē founde ••nnumerabled dede in the feldes as they went. And there fell also suche a pestylence y^t neuer was seen suche in no mannes dayes y^t than lyued / for men y^• went to bedde hole and in good poynt so deynly they deyed. ¶Also y^• tyme a seke nes y^• men calle y^• pockes slewe both mē and women thrughe theyr enfectynge. ¶And in the .xli. yere of kynge Edwar¦de was borne at Burdeux Rycharde the seconde sone of prynce Edwarde of En¦glonde / the whiche Rycharde kynge Ry charde of Amory can heueden at y^• tount stone after whome he was called Ry∣charde. And this same Rycharde whan his fader was deed and kynge Edward also / he was crowned kynge of Englon de the .xi. yere of his aege thrughe ryghte lyne and herytage and also by the comu∣ne assent and desyre of the comynalte of the reame. ¶About this tyme at kynge Edwardes cōmaundement of Englon¦de whan all the castels and townes were yolden too hym y^• longe were holden in Fraūce by a greate cōpany assembled to gyder syre Bartram Claykyn a nobled knyght and a good warryour went and purposed hym to put out Pers kynge of Spayne out of his kyngdom with helpe of the moost partye of the forsayd grete company trnstynge also vpon helpe & fa¦uour of y^• pope for as moche as it come to his ceres y^• the same Pers sholde lede & vse a synfull lyfe / y^• whiche Pers smy∣ten with drede of this tydynge fled into Gascoyne to prȳce Edward for to haue socoure of hym. And whan he was fled out of Spayne Henry his broder y^• was a bastarde by assent of y^• moost party of Spayne & thrugh help of y^t ferefull cō¦pany y^• I spake of fyrst was crowned kȳ¦ge of spayne: & y^• nōbre of y^t same cōpani was rekened & set at the nōbre of .xl. M. fyghtynge men. ¶This same yere in y^• moneth of Iune there come a grete cōpa¦ny & a nauye of y^• Danes gadred them togyder in the North see purposyng thē to come into Englonde to reue and too robbe and also to sle with whome they coūtred & mette in the se. maryners and other gode fyghtynge men of y^• countre & dysperpled theym. And they ashamyd went home ayen in too theyr owne coū∣tree / But amonge the other there was a boystous vessell and a stronge of their

nauye that was ouer saylled by the En¦glysshmen & was perysshed & drenched In the whiche y^• Stewarde & other wor¦thy & greate men of Denmarke were ta taken prysoners / & the kynge of Englō¦de & his coūseyll prysoned them. y^• whi∣che lordes y^• Danes afterwarde sought them all about for to haue had thē ayen with theyr goodes y^• they had loste / and they not well apayed ne pleased of the answer y^• they had / & they torned home∣wardes ayen leuȳge behynde thē in ther Innes pryuely wryten in scrowes & on walles. yet shall Danes wast the wanes Thenne happed there an Englyssh wri¦ter & wrote ayenst y^• Dane in this mane¦re (here shall Danes fette theyr banys) ¶And in this tyme Pers the kynge of Spayne with other kynges that is too saye. the kynge of Nauerne and the kyn¦ge of Malogre beynge meanes wenten bytwene and prayed coūseyll and helpe of syr Edwarde the prynce whos coun∣seyll whan he had vnderstandynge ther artycles and desyre that he was requy∣red of of tho kynges / loth he was & asha¦med to saye nay & contrary to thē / But netheles he was agast lest it sholde be oni preiudice ayenst y^• pope & longe tyme ta¦ryed thē or y^t he wolde graūt or consente therto tyll he had better coūseyll & auyse¦ment w^t good delyberatyon of kyng Ed¦warde his fader. But whan they were with hym euery daye & contynually be sechynge of many noble men requyred & spoken to / & with many prayers sente & made bytwene thē. than prynce Edwar¦de sent to his fader both vy cōplaynyng letters & also by confortable conteynȳge all theyr suggestyous & causes w^t all y^• other kyng{is} epystles & letters for to ha∣ue conforte & helpe of y^• wronges not on¦ly done to y^• kynge of Spayn / but also for suche thyng{is} as myght fall to other kyng{is}. Also yf it were not y^• soner holpē & amended thrughe y^• dome & helpe of knyghthode to them y^• it asked & desired ¶The whiche letter whan the kynge & his wyse coūseyll had seen suche a kyng spoylynge & robbynge with moche mer¦ueyll. And sent ayen comfortable letters to prynce Edwarde his sone & to y^• other kyng{is} & warned them for to arme them & ordeyne theym ayenst that mysdoer? to withstande them by y^• helpe of god y^• were suche enmyes to kynges whan this noble prynce had receyued this letters / hymself with that other kynges before sayd all theyr coūseyll called 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he wolde vndertake the quard he boūd & knytte sore y^• kynge y^• was deposed 〈◊〉〈◊〉 a greate othe / that is to saye y^• besholde euer after mayntene y^• 〈…〉〈…〉 and fayth of holy chirche / and also with all theyr mynystreo ryghtes & 〈…〉〈…〉 defende frome all theyr cum 〈…〉〈…〉. And all y^• were ther•• ayenst ••••••¦ly to punysshe & destroble 〈…〉〈…〉 lybertees preuyleges of holy 〈…〉〈…〉 creace & mayntene & 〈…〉〈…〉 y^• were wrongfully taken w^t 〈◊〉〈◊〉 boren a waye by hym or by ou•• other by cause of hym / hastely to 〈…〉〈…〉 dryue and put out saras•• 〈…〉〈…〉 mysbyleued people our o•• his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 with all his strēgth and his po••er and suffre ne admitte none suche for no ma¦nere thynge ne cause too dwelle 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / And that whan he had taken a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 woman he sholde neuer come in to non•• other womans bedde ne none other m••¦nes wyfe too defoyle / ¶All thyse fo•• sayd thynges trewely for to•• kepe con tynue & fulfyll as all his lyfe c••me be was boūdē by other afore notar••••s in pre¦sence & wytnesse of tho kynges w^t other prynces / ¶And thanne that gra••••ous prynces Edwarde vndertoke the cause & the quarell of the kynge that was depo∣sed and behyght hym with the grace of almyghty god to restoe hȳ ayen to bys kyngdom / & lete ordeyne & gadre ••••gyd forthwith in all haste his many with mē of armes for to warre and fyght in hys

forsayd cause. ¶And in this same yere vpon the sande of y^• Scottes see y^• many a man sawe it thre dayes togyder there were seen two Egles of y^• which y^• one come out of y^• southe & y^• other out of the north / & cruelly & strongly they foughte togyder & wrastled togyder / & y^• southe Egle fyrst ouercome y^• north egle & all to rente hym w^t his bylle & his clawes y^t he sholde not reste ne take no brethe and after y^• south egle fleyth home to his ow¦ne costes. ¶And anone after there folow¦ed & was leen in y^• morne after y^• son ry¦synge & after in y^• last daye of Octobre sauynge one many sterres gadred togy∣der on an hepe felle downe to y^• erthe le / uynge behynde thē fyre bemes in maner of lyghtnynge / whos flāmes brent & cō sumed mens clothes & mens heer walkȳ¦ge on y^• erth as it was sene y^• knowen of many a man. ¶And yet y^• northern wȳ¦de y^• is euer redy & destyrnate to all ylle fro saynt Katherynes eue thre dayes after lost greate good withoute nombre ¶And in this same dayes there felle & come also such lyghtnyng thondre snow & ••••yll y^• if wasted & destroyed men bes∣tes houses & trees.

¶Of the batayll of Spayne besyde the water of Nazers y^t was bytwene prynce Edward & syr Henry bastard of Spaȳ.

IN y^• yere of our lord a .M.CCC lxvii. and of kynge Edwarde .xlii the thyrde daye of Aprylle there was a stronge batayll and a greate in a large felde called Pryazers fast by the water of Nazers in spayne bytwene syre Ed∣warde the prynce & syr Henry y^• bastarde of Spayne but the vyctory fell to pryn¦ce Edwarde by the grace of god. ¶And this same prynce Edwarde had w^t hym syr Iohn̄ duke of Lancastre his broder & other worthy men of armes about y^• nō bre of .xxx. thousande. ¶And the kynge of Spayne had on his syde men of dy∣nero nacyons to the nombre of an hon∣dred thousande & mo / wherfore y^• shar / penesse and fyersnesse, of his aduersary with his full boystous & greate strenthe made and dryue the ryghtfulle partye a backe a greate waye / but thrugh the gra¦ce of almyghty god passynge ony man∣nes strenthe that greate hooste was dys∣parpled myghtfully by the noble duke of Lancastre and his hoost / or that pryn¦ce Edward came nyghe hym. And whā Henry bastarde sawe that / he torned w^t his men in so greate hast and strenthe for to flee / that a greate company of thē in the forsayd floode and of the brydge therof fellen downe and perysshed. And also there were taken the erle of Dene & syr Bartram Cleykyn y^• was cheyf ma¦ker & causer of the warre & also cheyftay¦ne of the vaūtwarde of y^• batayll w^t ma¦ny other greate lordes and kuyghtes to the nombre of two thousande / of whom two hondred were of Fraūce & many al so of scotlonde / and there were felled in the felde on our enmyes syde of lordes & knyghtes with other meyn people to the nombre of .vi. thousande and moo / and of Englysshmen but a fewe. And after this the noble prynce Edwarde restored the same Peers to his kyngdom ayen / y^• whiche Peers afterwarde thrugh treche¦ry and falsenes of the forsayd basterd of Spayne as he satte at his mete he was strangled and deyed. But after this vyc¦torye many noble men of Englonde / & also hardy in Spayne thrughe the flyx and dyuers other sekenesses toke theyr dethe. ¶And also in the same yere in y^• Marche was seen stella Cometa bytwe∣ne the north costes & y^• west whos bemes stretched towarde Fraūce. ¶And in the next yere folowynge of kynge Edward{is} regne .xliii. in Apryll syre Lyonell kynge Edwardes sone that was duke of Cla rence wente towarde Melayne wyth a chosen meyne of the gentyls of Englon¦de for to wedde Galoys doughter & haue

hyr to his wyf / by whome he sholde haue halfe y^• lordshyp of Melayne but after y^• they were solēply wedded & about y^• Na¦tyuyte of our lady y^• same duke of Melai ne deyed. And in y^• same yere y^• Frensshe men brake y^• peas & y^• trewes rydyng on y^• kyng{is} groūde & lordshyp of Englōde in y^• shyre & coūtre of Poūtyfe / & tokē & helde castell & townes / & bere y^• Englyssh men on honde falsly & subtyll y^• they we¦re cause of brekȳge of trewes. and in this same yere deyed y^• duches of Lancastre & is buryed worshypfully in saynt Poules chirche. ¶The .xliiii. yere of kynge Ed¦wardes regne was y^• grettest pestylēce of men & of grete bestes & by y^• grete fallyn¦ge of waters y^t felle at y^t tyme / there fell grete hyndrynge & destroyenge of corne in so moche y^t y^e next yere after a busshell of whete was solde for .xl. pens. And in this same yere about y^• last ende of May¦kyng Edwarde helde tho his parlement at westmyster / in which parlement was treated & spoken of y^• othe & trewes that was borken bytwene hym & the kyng of Fraūce & how he myght best be auenged vpon his wronge. ¶In this same yere in y^• Assūpcyon of our lady deyed quene Philyp of Englonde a full noble & go∣de lady / & at westmyster full worshypful¦ly is buryed & entered. And about myd∣somer y^• duke of Lancastre & the erle of Herforde with a grete cōpany of knygh¦tes went into Fraūce where as they gate them but lytell worshyp & name / for the¦re was a greate hooste of y^• Frensshmen vpon Calkhull brydge / & an other hoste of Englysshmen fast by y^• same brydge y^• longe tyme had lyued there. And mani¦worthy & greate men of Englond ordei ned & yaf coūseyll for to fyght & yaf ba¦tayll to y^• Frensshmen but y^• forsayd lor∣des wolde not consent therto for no ma¦ner thynge. ¶And anone after it happe ned y^• the erle of warwyk come thyder∣warde for to warre / & whan y^• Frensshe men herde of his comynge or y^• he came fully to londe they left theyr senses & pa¦uylyons w^t all theyr vytayls & sled & wēt awaye pryuely. And whan y^• erle was co¦men to londe w^t his men he went in all hast towarde Normandye & deshored y^• yle of Caur w^t strenth of swerde & thru∣ghe fyre. But alas in his reformynge to Englonde warde home ayen at Calays he was taken w^t sykenes of pestylence & deyed not leuynge behynde hȳ after hys dayes so noble a knyght of armes. ¶In which tyme regned & warted y^• noble knyght syr Iohn̄ ••••••wkewod y^• was an Englysshman borne / hauynge 〈…〉〈…〉 at his gouernaūce y^• whyte cōpany 〈…〉〈…〉 forsayd. y^• whiche o tyme ayenst 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••••che & an other tyme ayenst lord 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & ordeyned grete batayls & there in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 me coūtree he dydde many merueylleu•• thynges. ¶And about y^• 〈…〉〈…〉 of saynt Poule y^• kyng whan he had ended & done y^• entrynge & crequyes with ••••••¦te costes & ryaltees aboute y^• scpule••••e & buryenge of quence Phylip his wife 〈◊〉〈◊〉 helde a parlement at westmyster 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••••che parlem̄t was ared of y^• clergre 〈◊〉〈◊〉 yeres dyme that is for to saye a greedy me to be payed thre yere durynge And the clargye put it of and wolde not 〈◊〉〈◊〉 it vnto Ester next comynge & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 they graunted well that in thre 〈…〉〈…〉 certayne termes y^• dyme sholde be 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & also of the lay fee was a thre yere 〈◊〉〈◊〉 graunted to the kynge.

¶How sir Robert Knolles w^t other cer∣tayne lordes of y^• teame went ouer sent to Fraūce & of theyr gouernaūce.

ANd in the .xlv. yere of kynge Ed¦warde in y^• begyunynge kynge Edwarde with vnwyse coūseyll and vn¦dyscrete borowed a greate sōme of golde of y^• prelaces marchaūtes & other tyche men of his reame saynge y^• it sholde be spended in defendynge of holy chirche & of his reame. Netheles it profyted nothȳ¦ge

/ wherfore aboute mydsomer after he made a grete host of y^• worthyest men of his reame. Amonges whome weresome lord{is} y^t is for to say y^• lorde Fytzwater & y^• lorde graūson & other worthy knight{is} of which knygh{is} y^• kygne ordeyned syr Robert Knolles a proued knyzt & a well assayd in dedes of armes for to be gouer¦nour / & y^• thrugh his coūseyl & gouerna¦unce all thȳge sholde be gouerned & dres¦sed. And whan they come into Fraūce as longe as they dwelled & helde them hole togyder y^• Frensshmen durst not fall vp¦pon thē. And at the laste about the begȳ nynge of wynter for enuye & couetyse y^• was amonge them / & also dyscorde they sondred & parted thē into dyuerse cōpa∣nyes vnwysely & folely. But syr Robert Knolles & his men went & keped theym sauf within a castell in Brytayne. And whan y^• Frensshmen sawe y^t ouer men & felaushyp were deuyded into dyuerse cō∣panyes & places not holdynge ne streng¦thynge theym togyders as they out for to do they fell fyersly on our men / & for y^• moost partye toke thē or slewe them. and tho y^• they myght take ledde with them prysoners. ¶And in the same yere pope Vibane come fro Rome to Auynyon for this cause y^• he sholde accorde & make pe¦as bytwene y^• kynge of Fraūce & the kin¦ge of Englonde for euermore. But alas or he began his treates he deyed w^t seke¦nesse y^• .xxi. daye of Decembre / & was bu¦ryed as for y^• tyme in the cathedrall chir che of Auynyon fast by y^• hygh awter. & the next yere after whan he had lyen soo his bones were taken out of the erthe & buryed newe in the abbaye of saynt vyc∣torye fast by Marcyle / of y^• whiche abba¦ye he was somtyme abbot hymself. And in bothe places y^• he was buryed in / there be many grete miracles done & wrought thrugh the grace of almyghty god to ma¦ny a mannes helpe & to the worshyp of god almyghty. ¶And after whome fo∣lowed next and was made pope Grego¦rye Cardynalle Deken that before was called Pyers Roger. ¶In this same ye re the cyte of Lymoge rebelled and fau∣ght ayenste the prynce as other cytes dyd in Guyhen for greate taxes costages & raunsons that they were put and sette to by prynce Edwarde / whiche charges were importable & to chargeable / wher∣fore they torned fro hym and fellen to y^• kynge of Fraūce. And whan prynce Ed¦warde sawe this he was sore chafed and agreued / and in his tornynge homewar¦de ayen into Englonde with sore scar∣musshes and fyghtynge and greate as∣sautes fought with theym and toke the forsayd cyte and destroyed it almoost to the grounde and slewe all that he found in the cyte. And than for to saye the soth for dyuerse sekenes & maladyes that he had and also for defaute of money that he myght not withstande ne tary on his enmyes he hyed hym ayen into Englon¦de with his wyfe and menye leuynge be hynde in Gascoyne the duke of Lancas¦tre and syr Edmonde erle of Cambryd¦ge with other worthy and noble men of armes. ¶In the .xlvi. yere of kynge Ed¦warde at the ordynaunce and sendynge of kynge Edwarde / the kynge of Nauer¦ne come to hym to Claryngdon to treate with hym of certayne thynges touchyng his warre in Normandye where kynge / Edwarde had left certayn syeges in his stede tyll he come ayen. But kynge Ed∣warde myght not spede of that that he asked hym. And so the kynge of Nauer¦ne with greate worshyp y^• greate gyftes toke his leue & went home ayen. ¶And about begȳnynge of Marche whā y^• par¦lement at westmyster was begon y^• kyn∣ge asked of y^• clergye a subsydye of .l.M poūde y^• whiche by a good auysement & by a generall cōuocacōn of y^• clergye it was graūted & ordeyned y^• it sholde be payed & reysed of y^• lay fee. And in thys parlement at y^• request & askynge of the lordes in hatred of men of holy chirche.

the Chaunceler and the tresourer y^t were bysshops & the clerke of the pryue sale. were remeued & put out of offyce and in theyr stede were seculer men put in. And whyle this parlement lasted there come solempne embassatours fro y^• pope to tre¦te w^t the kynge of peas & sayd y^t the po¦pe desyred to fulfyl his predecessours will but for all theyr comynge they sped not.

¶Of the besyegynge of Rochell & how the erle of Penbroke & his company was taken in that hauen with Spanyerdes and all his shyppes brente.

THe .ix. daye of Iune kynge Ed∣warde in y^• .xlvii. yere of his reg¦ne helde his parlement at wynchestre & it lested but .vii. dayes / to y^• whiche parle∣ment were sompned by wryte of men of holy chirche .iiii. bysshoppes & .iiii. abbot¦tes without ony moo. This parlemente was holdē for marchaūtes of Londō of Norwyche & of other dyuerse plac{is} in dy¦uerse thynges & poynt{is} of treason y^• they were defamed of / y^• is to say y^• they were rebell & wolde aryse ayenst y^• kynge this same yere y^• duke of Lancastre & the erle of Lambrydge his brother come out of Gascoyne into Englonde & toke & wed ded to theyr wyues Peters doughters sō tyme kynge of Spayne Of whiche two doughters y^• duke had y^• elder y^• the erle the yonger. And y^t same tyme there were sent two Cardynals fro y^• pope / y^t is to saye an Englysshe Cardynall & a Car∣dynall of Parys to treate of peas bytwe¦ne these two reames / y^• which whā they had ben both longe eche in his prouynce & coūtrees fast by treatyng of y^• forsayd peas / at the laste they toke with theym y^• lettes of procuracye y^• went ayen to Ro¦me without ony effect of theyr purpose. ¶In this yere was there a shronge ba∣tayll in y^• se bytwene Englysshmen and Flemynges & the Englysshmen had the vyctory & toke .xxv. shypps w^t salt & sle∣ynge and drenchynge all y^• men y^• were therin vnwetynge theym they were of y^• countre. And moche harme sholde haue fallen therof had not peas & accorde so¦ne be made bytwene thē. ¶And in thys same yere the Frensshmen besyeged the towne of Rochell wherfore y^• erle of Pē¦broke was sent into G••scoyn w^t a gre∣te company of men of armes for to dys troye y^• syege / whiche passed y^• se & came sauf to y^• hauen of Rochell y^• whan they were there at y^• hauen mouthe or y^• they myght entre / sodaynly come vpon them a stronge nauye of Spanyerdes 〈◊〉〈◊〉 why∣che ouercome y^• Englysshmen in moche blemysshynge hurtynge & sleynge of ma¦ny people for as moche as the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 men were than notredy for to 〈…〉〈…〉 were ware of theym. And as the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 yerdes came vpon them all the Englys¦shmen other they were taken o•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and .x. of theym were sore wounded t•••• the dethe and all theyr shyppes 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and there they toke the erle with a greate tresour of the reame of Englonde and many other noble men also on 〈◊〉〈◊〉 somer eueu y^• whiche is saynt Edeld•••• daye & ledde them with them into Sp∣ne. And of this myscheyf was no greate wonder for this erle was a fulle ylle l••¦uer as an open lechoure. And also in a certayne parlement he stode and was a yenst the ryghtes and fraūchyle of holy chirche. And also he counseylled the kȳ∣ge and counseylle that be sholde are mo of men of holy chirche thanne other per¦sones of the laye men. And for the kyn∣ge and other men of his counteyll accep¦ted and toke rather ylle opy••••ons and causes ayenste men of holy churche than he dyde for too defende & mayneene the ryght of holy chirche it was after seen many tymes for lacke of fortun•• and gra¦ce they had not ne bare alwaye so grete vyctory ne power ayenste theyr enemyes as they dyd before. ¶This same yere y^• kynge with a greate hooste entred these

to remeue the syege of Rochelle / but the wynde was euer contrarye vnto hym & suffred hym not a longe tyme to go fer fro y^• londe / wherfore he abode a certay¦ne tyme vpon y^• see costes abydynge after a good wynde for them & yet come it not So at y^• last he come thens with his mē to lond warde ayen & anone as he was a londe y^• wynde began for to torne & was in an other cost than he was afore.

¶How y^• duke of Lancastre with a gre¦te hoost went into Flaūdres & passed by Parys thrugh Burgon & thrugh all fra¦unce tyll he come vnto Burdeux.

SOane after in the .xlviii. yere of the regne of kynge Edwarde the duke of Lancastre with a greate power went into Flaūdres & passed by Parys thrugh Burgon & thrugh all Fraūce til he come vnto Burdeux without ony ma¦ner withstandynge of y^• Frensshmen / & he dyd them but lytell harme sauf he to¦ke & ra••••oned many places & townes & many men & lette theym go after frely. The same yere y^• kynge set certayne am¦bassatours to y^• pope prayenge hym y^• he sholde leue of & medle not in his court of the kepynge & reseruacyons of benefyc{is} in Englonde. & that tho y^• were thosē to bysshopp{is} sees & dygnetees frely & w^t ful myght Ioy & haue & be confermed to y^• same of theyr metropolytans & Archbys¦shops as they were wonte to be of olde ty¦me. Of these poyntes & of other touchȳ¦ge the kynge and his reame / whan they had theyr answer of y^• pope / the pope en¦ioyned them y^• they sholde certefy hym a yen by theyr letter of the kynges wyll & of his reame or they determyned oughte of the forsayd artycles. ¶In this same yere deyed Iohn̄ the Archebysshop of yor¦ke / Iohn̄ bysshop of Ely / wyllyam bys∣shop of worcestre. In whos stedes folow¦ed & were made bysshops by auctoryte of y^• pope. mayster Alexander Neuyll to y^• Archbysshopryche of yorke / Thomas of Arūdell to the bysshopryche of Ely. and syr Henry wakfelde to the bysshopriche of worcestre. In the whiche tyme it was ordeyned in the parlement y^• all Cathe∣drall chirches sholde Ioy & haue theyr e¦leccōns hole & y^t the kynge fro y^• tyme af¦terwarde sholde not wrytte ayenst them y^• were chosen / but rather helpe them by his letters to theyr confirmacōn / & thys statute dyd moche profyte ¶And in this parlemēt was graūted to the kyng a dy¦me of the clergye & a .xv. of lay fee. ¶In the .xlix. of y^• regue of kynge Edwarde deyed mayster wyllyam wytlesey Arche¦bysshop of Caūterbury / & the monkes of the same chirche asked & desyred a Car¦dynall of Englōde to be Archbysshop. & therfore y^• kynge was agreued & ment & purposed to haue exyled y^• monkes of y^• same. And they spended moche good or they myghte haue the kynges grace ayen and his loue but yet wolde y^• kynge not consente ne graunte to theyr eleccyon of the Cardynalle ne of the pope alsoo ne hys Cardynales. ¶And atte the begyn∣nynge of Auguste it was treated and spo¦ken atte Bruges of certayne poyntes / and artycles hangynge bytwene the po¦pe and the kynge of Englonde / and this treates lasted almooste tho yere. And at the laste it was accorded bytwene theym that the pope fro that tyme forth sholde not vse ne dele w^t the reseruacōns of be∣nefyces in Englonde / and that the kyn¦ge sholde not graūe ne lette no benefyt{is} by his wrytte that is called (Quare im∣pedit) But as touchynge the eleccyon a∣boue sayd / there was no thynge touched ne done. And that was wyted and putte vpon certayne clerkes the whiche rather supposed and hoped to be auaūced and promoted to bysshopryches whiche they desyred and coueyted by the court of Ro¦me rather than by ony other eleccyons / ¶ This same yere about Candelmasse there mette togyde atte Bruges many

noble & worthy men of bothe sydes and reames to trete of peas bytwene tho two kynges. And this tret{is} lasted two yere w^t grete tostes & large expenses of both par¦tyes. And at the last they went & depar∣ted thens without ony accorde or effecte The next yere after y^• .l. yere of kyng ed¦ward y^• .iiii. Non̄ of May beyng yet voy¦de & vacaūt y^t Archbysshopryche of Caū¦terbury mayster Symonde sudbery bys∣shop of Londō was made Archbysshop & mayster wyllyam courteney y^• was bys¦shop of Herford was thā made bysshop of London / & y^• bysshop of Bangor was made bysshop of Herforde. ¶And thys same tyme in a certayne treates & spekȳ¦ge of peas trewes was takē bytwene thē of Fraūce & Englonde fro mydsomer to mydsomer come ayen an hole yere / & a¦bout y^• begȳnynge of Apryll y^• duke of Brytayne with many erles barons and worthy lordes & men of Englond went ouer see into Brytayne where he hathe had all his luste desyre & puropse ne had the forsayd trewes bt so sone taken the whiche letted thē. ¶This same tyme y^• yle of Constantyne where y^• the castel of saynt Saueour is in. y^• longe tyme was foughten at & besyeged of y^• Frensshmē than yelde to y^• Frensshmen w^t all the ap¦portenaūces into grete harme & hyndrȳ¦ge of y^• reame of Englonde. And this sa¦me yere there were so grete & so passynge hetes & therwith all a greate pestylence in Englonde & in other dyuerse partyes of y^• worlde y^• it destroyed & slewe vyolen¦tly & strongly both men & wymen with¦out nōbre. This same yere deyed sir Ed¦warde y^• lorde spencer a worthy knyght & abolde & in y^• mynster of Teukesbu∣ry worshipfully is buryed. And lastynge this pestilence y^• pope at y^• instaūce and prayer of an Englysshe Cardynale gra¦unted to all people y^• deyed in Englond y^• weresory & repentaūte for theyr syn∣nes and also shryuen full remyssyon by two bulles vnder lede .vi. monethes than next to laste. ¶In this same yere the er∣le of Penbroke was taken and cas••••oned by Bartram Claykyn bytwene Patys & Calays as he come towarde Englōde vpon saynt Atheldredes daye y^• whiche saynt as it was sayd y^• erle oftentymes had offended & within a lytyll while af¦ter he deyed / ¶And in Nouembre nexte after there mette at Bruges the duke of Lancastre and the duke of Angoy with many other lordes and prelates of bothe reames for to treate of peas.

¶Of the dethe of prynce Edward and of the lorde Latymer and dame ••••••••¦peres thrugh whome and hyr maynte / ners the reame many a daye was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 gouerned.

'NOt longe after the .li. yere of ••••••¦ge Edward regne he 〈…〉〈…〉 ne & holde at westmyster y^• greetest ••••••¦ment y^• was seen many 〈…〉〈…〉 y^• whiche parlement he asked of ••••••••¦naite of y^• reame as he had done 〈◊〉〈◊〉 fendynge of hym & of his reame 〈◊〉〈◊〉 comunes answerd y^• they were so oft 〈◊〉〈◊〉 by daye greued & charged with so many talages & subsydyes y^• they myght no••••¦ger suffre no suche bu••chons charges & that they knewe and wyst wel ynough y^• the kynge had ynoughe for sauynge of hym and of his reame of the reame we∣re well and truely gouerned but that it had be so longe euyll gouerned by ylle of fycers that the reame myght nother he plenteuous of chaffre & marchaūdyse ne also with rychesse. And in these thynges they profred themself yf the kynge wol¦de certaynly to preue it and stande by. & yf it were founden and preued afterwar¦de that the kynge had nede they wolde gladlye euery man after his power and state hym helpe and leue. And after this were publysshed and shewed in the par¦leament many playntes and defautes of

dyuers offycers of the reame and name∣ly of the lorde Latymer y^• kynges cham∣brelayne bothe to the kynge & eke to the reame. ¶And also at the laste there was spoken & treated of dame Alyce pers for the grete wronges & euyll gouernaūce y^• was done by hyr coūseyll in the reame. the whiche dame Alyce pers y^• the kynge had holden longe tyme to his lemman wherfore it was the lasse wonder though thrugh y^• trealtee of the womans excytȳ¦ge and hyr sterynge he consented to hyr lewdenesse & euyll cūoseyll y^• whiche da∣me Alyce & also y^• lorde Latymer & other suche that meued the kynge to euyll go∣uernaūce ayenste his profyte and the re¦me also / all the comynalte asked and de¦syred that they sholde be remeued & put awaye and in theyr stedes wyse men and worthy that were trewe and well assayd and proued and of good gouernaunce. sholde be put in theyr stedes. So amon¦ge all other there was one amonge the comunes that was a wyse knyght and a trewe / and an eloquent man whoos na¦me was Pers delamare. And this same Pe••s was chosen to be speker for the co¦munes in the parlement. And for this sa¦me Pers tolde and publysshed the trou¦the and rehersed the wronges ayenst the forsayd dame Alyce and other certayne persones of the kynges counseyll as he was bydden by y^• comyns. And also trus¦tynge moche to be supported and mayn¦tened in this mater by helpe and fauour of y^• prȳce anone as y^• prȳce was dede at y^• instaūce & requeste of y^• foresayd dame alyce / this pers de amare was Iugyd to perpetuall prysō in y^• castell of Notȳghā ¶And in y^• .vi. kal. of Iule lastynge y^• sa¦me parlemēt deyed prȳce Edward kȳge Edwardes fyrst sone / y^• is to saye in try¦nyte sondaye in worshyp of whiche feste he was wonte euery yere where y^• euer he were in the worlde to holde and made y^• moost solempnyte y^• he myght. whos na¦me and fortune of knyghthode but yf it had he of an other Ectour all men both crysten & hethen while y^• he lyued & was in good poynt wondred moche & dradd hym wonder sore / whos body is worship¦fully buryed in Crychirche at Caūterbu¦ry. And in this same yere y^• men & y^• er∣les tenaūtes of warwyk arose malycy∣ously ayenst y^• abbot & couent of Eueshā & theyr tenaūtes / & destroyed thabbaye. & the towne & woūded & bete theyr men and slee many of theym / and wente too theyr maners & places & dyd moche har¦me / & brake downe ther parkes & closes & slewe theyr wylde bestes & chaced them brekynge theyr fysshe pondes & hedes & lete the water of theyr pondes stewes & ryuers renne out & toke y^• fysshe & bare it with them. and dyd theym all the so∣rowe that they myght. in so ferforth that forsoth they had destroyed perpetuall y^t abbay with all theyr membres & appor¦tenanūces but yf the kynge the soner had not holpen it & taken hede therto. & the••¦fore y^• kynge sent his letters to y^• erle of warwyk chargynge hym & cōmaūdȳge hym y^• he sholde stynt redresse & amende tho euyll doers & brekers of his peas. and so by meanes of lord{is} & other frendes y^• peas was made bytwene thē. & for this hurlynge as it is sayd y^• kynge wold not be gouerned at y^t tyme by his lordes that there were in y^• parlement. but he toke & made his sone y^• duke of Lancastre hys gouernour of y^• reame / y^• whiche stode so styll as gouernoure tyll y^• tyme y^t he deied ¶The same yere after Candelmasse or y^• parleament was done / y^• kynge asked a subsydye of the clargy & of the lay fee & it was graunted him / that is to say y^t he sholde haue of euery persone of y^• lay fee bothe man and woman that passed four¦tene yere of aege four pens out taken po¦re beggers that were knowen openly for nede poore beggers. ¶And that he shol∣de haue of euery man of the holy chyrche that was benefyced or promoted twelue pens / and all other that were not promo¦med

.iiii. pens out taken the .iiii. ordres of y^• frete beggers. ¶This same yere after Myghelmasse Rycharde prynce Edwar¦des son was made prȳce of wales to who¦me y^• kynge gaaf y^• duchye of corneway le w^t y^• erldom of chestre. And about this tyme y^• Cardynale of Englōde y^• .iiii da¦ye before Mary Mawdalenes daye after dyner sodaynly was smyte with the pal¦sye and lost his speche / & on mary Maw¦dalenes daye deyed.

¶Of the dethe of kynge Edwarde and how syr Iohn̄ Monsterwarth knyghte. was drawen & hanged for his falsnesse.

'Byght anone after in the .lii. yere of kynge Edwarde in the begynnȳ¦ge of Octobre pope Gregorye y^• .ix. brou¦ghte and remeued his courte with hym frome Auynyon to Rome. ¶And y^• .xii daye of Apryll. Iohn̄ Monsterwarthe. knyght at London was drawen & han∣gyd & than quartred & sent to four cheif townes of Englond & his heed smyten of & sette vpon London brydge / for this same Iohn̄ was full vntrewe to y^• kyng & to the reame & coueytous & vnstable / for he toke oftymes greate sōmes of mo¦ney of y^• kynge & his coūseyll formen of armes wages that he sholde haue payed thē & toke it to his owne vse / & he dradd that at the last he shold be shent & accu¦sed for the same cause and fledde pryue ly to the kynge of Fraunce & was swor¦ne to hym and become his man & behy¦ght hym a greate nauye out of Spayn into confucyon and destroynge of En∣glonde / But y^• ryghtfull god to whome no preuyte is vnknowen suffred hȳ fyrs¦te to be shente & spylt or that he so tray∣toursly & falsly betrayed his lyege lorde y^• kynge of Englonde & his people in his reame / in y^• which groūde this same Io¦han was born. & wickydly thrugh bata¦yll destroyed or he brought about his cur¦sed purpose. In the feest of saynt Geor¦ge thoe next kynge Edwarde gaaf to Ry¦charde of Burdeux his heyr y^• was prȳ∣ce Edwardes sone at wyndsore thordre of knyghthode & made hym knyght the whiche kyng Edwarde whan he had reg¦ned .li. yere. the .xi. kal of Iune he deyed at Shene & is buryed worshypfully at west¦myster on whos soule god haue mercye. ¶This kynge Edwarde was forsothe of a passynge godenes & full gracyous a¦monge all y^• worthy men of y^• world fo•• he passed & shone by vertue of grace gy∣uen to hym from god about all his pre¦decessours y^• were noble men & 〈…〉〈…〉 he was a well herted man & an hard•••• for he drad neuer no myshappes ne har¦mes ne euyll fortune y^• myght talle a no¦ble warryour & a fortunate forboth on londe & se & in all batayls & assebl••s w^t a passynge glory & Ioy he had y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he was meke & benygne homely 〈◊〉〈◊〉 soft to all men as well to straūgers as 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his owne subgettes & to other were vn∣der his gouernaūce. He was deud oute∣••••••ly both to god & holy chirche for he wor∣shypped holpe & mayntened holy 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & theyr mynystres w^t all maner 〈…〉〈…〉 / he was treatable & well auyled ••••••porall & worldly nedes wyse in coūse••ll & dyscrete and meke to speke with 〈◊〉〈◊〉 dedes and maners gentyll and wel ••••••••ght / hauynge pyte of them that were in dysease / plenteuous in geuynge 〈◊〉〈◊〉 bene∣faytes & almoses besy & curyous in burl¦dynge / & lyghtly he bare & suffred w••en¦ges and harmes and whan be was gruō to ony occupacyon he lefte all other thȳ¦ge for the tyme and tended therto / seme∣ly of bodye and a meyne stature hauyn ge alwaye to hyghe and to lowe a goode chere. And there sprōge & shone so moch grace of hȳ y^• what man had behold his face or had dremed of hȳ he hoped y^• day y^• all thynge sholde hap to hym Ioyfull and lykynge. And he gouerned his kȳge¦dome gloryously vnto his aege / he was large in geuyng and wyse in spences / he

was fulfylled with all honeste of goode maners and vertues / vnder whome to lyue it was as for to regne. wherfore his fader and his loos spronge so ferre that it came into hethenes & Barbary shew¦ynge and tellynge his worthynes & mā hode in all londes / and that no londe vn¦der heuen had brought forth soo noble a kynge so gentyll & so blessyd or myghte reyse suche an other whan he was dede. Neuertheles lechery and meuynge of his flesshe hauntyd hym in his aege / wher∣fore the rather as it is to suppose for vn∣mesurable fulfyllynge of his luste his ly¦fe shorted the soner. ¶And here of take good hede lyke as his dedys bereth wyt∣nesse for as in his begynnynge all thyn¦ges were Ioyfull & lykynge to hym / & to all people. And in his myddell aege he passed all people in hygh Ioy worshyp and blessydnes. Ryght so whan he drew into age drawynge donwarde thrugh le chery and other synnes lytell and lytell all tho Ioyfull and blessyd thynges and prosperyte decreased & mysshapped and vnfortunate thynges and vnprofytable harmes with many euyls began for to sprynge and the more harme is it conty¦nued longe tyme after.

CLemens y^t .vi. was pope after Be¦nedict .x. yere / this man in name and dede was vertuous / and many thȳ¦ges that Benedict was rygous in / he ma¦de easy / and certayn that he depryued he restored and y^• rygousenes of the fayth of Benedict was laudable / But moche more laudable was y^• mekenesse of Cle∣ment. This man was a noble prechour and many sermons he gadred / and lete no man passe frome hym but he gaaf hȳ good coūseyll / & dessessyd a blessyd man ¶Karolus the .iiii. was Emperour af∣ter / Lodewyk .xxxi. yere. This man was kynge of Beme a wyse man and a my¦ghty. And this man was chosen Empe¦rour by the commaundement of Clemēs Lodewyk beynge a lyue in his contema¦cy / and bycause he asked mekely the po¦pes blessyng and to be crowned of hym as other goode kynges dyde. therfore he was protected of god and preueyled ouer all his enmyes. And many fauourable lawes he made to spyrytuall men / y^• whi¦che yet are called Karolma / at the last he decessed a ryche man in vertu & goodes. ¶Innocenti{us} the .vi. was pope after cle¦ment .x. yere / and he was a grete louer of relygyous men and he founded a mones¦tery in Fraunce of the ordre of Cartusy¦ens. and was a greate canonyst. ¶Vrba¦nus the .v. was pope after Innocent. this man was abbot of Myssolens of the or¦dre of saynt Benet a doctour and is ta¦ken for a saynt. he made the crosse to be preched ayenst the Turkes / and he ma¦de a passage to the Turkes / And to hȳ saynt Brygyt was sent frome Crist for the confyrmacyon of theyr rule & than̄e he was poysened and decessyd ¶Grego¦ry the .ix. was pope after hym .viii. yere. This Gregory dyd lytell. And after hȳ folowed the trybulacyon the which our lorde shewed to saynt Brygyt for y^• sin¦ne of the clargye. ¶Venselaus sone too Kacolus aforsayd was Emperour .xiiii yere. And he was a chylde and was cho¦sen whan his fader was on lyue / but he toke no kepe of thempyre / and whan he was warned many tymes for to take he¦de vnto it and wolde not. he was depo∣sed / For he gaaf all his delyte and luste to lechery / and his ende was without ho¦noure for he went gretely frome the ma¦ners and the vertues of his noble fader. And he was crowned with themperyall dyademe. and the wysdome of his fader passed into Sygysmonde his brother as after it shall appyrel. ¶Vrbanus was pope after Gregorye .vi. yere / this Vrba ne was chosen in the cyte of Rome by y^• strenth of the Romayns but the Cardy¦nals dyd that for drede and not wyllȳg¦ly / wherfore they fledde vnto the Cyte of

F••ndo••••. And they sayd that he was not pope / and chose in his place syre Robert of Gebennys the same yere the whiche was called Clement y^• .vii. ¶Nota. And here began the .xii. stryfe in the chirche. And it was more worse than euer was o¦ny other before / for it was so subtyll / y^• the wysest men that were and the best of conscyence coude not deserne with who me it was best to saye and to holde. And this stryfe dured .xl. yere with a greate sclaūdre vnto all the clergye / and greate peryll vnto mennys soules for heresyes and other euyll thynges y^• whiche were brought in than. In so moch y^• ther was no doctryne in y^• chirche for mysdoynge And therfore frome this Vrbant the .vi vnto Martyne I knowe not whoo was pope. ¶The fest of y^• vysytacyon of our lady was ordeyned by Vrbane y^• .vi. aft the fourme of y^• sacramente of y^• awter for a peas & an vnyte to be had amonge them thrugh the merytees of our blessyd lady ¶Bonefactus the .ix. was pope af¦ter Vrbane .xv. yere. ¶This Boneface was chosen at Rome in y^• stede of Vrba¦ne / & the stryfe contynued / For Benedic¦tus was chosen in Auynyon in the place of Clement & was called Petrus de luna & he dured to the coūseyll of Constanty¦nus / & then he wolde not obaye but euer abode obstynate. And at y^• last he deces∣sed in y^• kyngdome of Aragon. And he cōmaūded his Cardynals to chese an o¦ther pope y^• whiche they dyd anone. And they sette vp an ydoll & named hym Cle¦ment / but they profyted not.

¶Circa annū dm̄ .M.CCClxxx.

¶And after kynge Edwarde the thyrd that was borne in Wyndesore regned Rycharde of Burdeux that was pryme Edwardes some of wales / y^• whiche part & Edwarde was kynge Edwarde sone

ANd after the gode kynge Edwar¦de the thyrde that was borne at wyndesore regned Rycharde the seconde that was the good syr Edwardes sone / prynce of wales. the whiche kynge Ry∣charde was borne in y^• cyte of Burdeux in Gascoyne / and was crowned at west¦mynster in the .xi. yere of his aege. And in the seconde yere of his regne / for the debate that was bytwene the lorde Laty¦mer and syr Rauf Feryers knyghte that was ayenst Hawell and Shakell squy∣res for y^• prysoner that was take in spay¦ne / by these two squyres / & the whiche prysoner the lord Latymer and syr Ra••¦fe Feryers wolde haue hadde / the why∣che prysoner was the Erle of Dene that they toke in y^• batayll of Spayne wher¦fore these two lordes come into the chir∣che at westmyster and they founde this one squyre too herynge his masse besyde saynt Edwardes shryne and there they slew hym the whiche was called Hawell ¶And Skakell was arested & put in to the Towre of London And there he was longe tyme for he wolde not del••••uer the Erle of Dene his prysoner vnto these two lordes / by syr Aleyn Burbyll conestable of the Tower and by Synt Raufe Feryers one of his aduersaryes / tylle the kynge had graunted hym grace ¶In the thyrde yere of kynge Rychar∣de came the Galays of Fraūce into En¦glonde vnto dyuerse portes and brente and robbed and slewe moche people of Englonde that is to saye atte wynchel∣see / Rye / and Hastynge / Portysmouthe. and. Hampton / Stormore and Granes ende / and they dydde moche harme and wente home ayen. ¶And in this same / yere was a parleamente holden at west∣mynster / And atte that same parlea∣ment was ordeyned y^• euery man womā & chylde that were at y^• aege of .xiiii. yere and aboue thrughe out all the reame po¦re folke and other sholde paye to the ta∣lage / foure pens / wherfore came and be

felle afterwarde greate myscheyf & mo¦che dysease to all the comynalte of there me. ¶And in the .iiii. yere of kynge Ry∣chardes regne the comynes arose vp in dyuerse partyes of the reame and dyden moche harme / the whiche tyme they cal∣led y^• hurlynge tyme. ¶And they of Ken¦te and of Estsex made them two cheyf tayns for to rule and for to gouerne the company of Kente and of Estsex. That one was called Iacke strawe / and that o¦ther Watte Tyler / and they come and assembled theym vppon blacke heth in Kent. And on Corp{us} christi daye after. they camen downe into Southwerke / and braken vp the pryson hous / that is to saye the kynges bynche and the mar∣chelsee and delyuerde out all the pryso∣ners And so the same daye they came in to London and there they robbed the pe¦ple and slewe all the alyens that they myght fynde in the cyte and about the cy¦te and dyspoyled all theyr godes and ma¦de auowe. And on the frydaye nexte fo∣lowenge after that was on the morowe and than they came to the Toure of Lō¦don and the kynge beynge therin / they fette out of the Toure the Archebysshop of Caunterbury. syr Symonde Sudbe∣ry / and ser Robert halys hospyteler pry∣oure and mayster of syant Iohans hou¦se•••• a whyte frere that was confessoure vnto kynge Rycharde and brought the{is} vnto the Towre hylle and there they smote of theyr heedes and came agayne into London and slewe moche people of the Cyte. ¶And thenne they wente vn∣too the dukes place of Lancastre beyon∣de saynt Mary of the stronde that was called the Sauoy / and there they deuou¦red and destroyed all the goodes that they therin myght fynde & bare them awaye and than they brente vp the place. And than afterward they went to saynt Iohn̄ w^t out smythfelde & destroyed the godes there and brent vp that hous to the har¦de grounde / and wente too westmynster and saynt Martyns the graunte & ma∣de theym go out of the senewary all that were within for ony manere of gylthe / And than come vnto the Temple and to all other Innes of men of lawe and dys¦poyle them and robbe theym of theyr go¦des and also toke theyr bokes of lawe & thenne they came to London and brake vp the pryson of Newgate & drofe oute all the prysoners felons and other / and of bothe countrees and all the people y^• were within theym and destroyed all the bokes of the counters. And thus they cō¦tynued both saterdaye and sondaye vnto the mondaye next after in all theyr ma¦lyce and wyckydnes. ¶And than on mō¦daye kynge Rycharde with his lordes y^t were with hym that tyme and with the mayer of London wyllyam walworth y^• that was that tyme come with the alder¦men and the comunes of the cyte / & they come into Southwerke too here and too knowe the entencyon of these rebelles & mysgouerned people. And this Iacke strawe made thanne a crye in the felde that all the people of accorde tholde co∣me nerer and here his claymours & his crye and his wyl. And the lordes and the mayer and the aldermen with the comy¦naltee hauynge in dygnacōn of his coue¦tyse & falsnes & his foule presumpcyon / Anone wyllyam walworth y^t tyme beȳ¦ge mayer drewe out his knyfe & slew iac¦ke straw / & anone ryght smote of his he¦de & set it vpon a spere & so it was borne thrugh Lendon & set vpon Londō bryd¦ge. Anone these rysers & mysgouerned pe¦were vanysshed as it had not be they / & then y^• kynge of his grete godenesse & by prayer of his lordes made there .vi kny∣ght{is} of good & worthy men of y^• cyte of London / y^t is to saye wyllyam walwor∣the y^t at tyme mayer & slew iacke straw and the seconde was Nycholas ••rem∣bre / and the thyrde Iohn̄ Phylip••t / & the fourth Nycholas twyforde / and y^• fifte Roberte laundes / and the syxte Roberte

〈…〉〈…〉 y^• kynge with his 〈…〉〈…〉 aye•• too the 〈…〉〈…〉 there be tested by 〈…〉〈…〉 and set •• 〈…〉〈…〉. And ••han by process of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 as they myght to be 〈◊〉〈◊〉 these rebelles & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 they 〈◊〉〈◊〉 vpon the next 〈◊〉〈◊〉 throgh out euery lord shyn in y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Englōde by .xi. by xxx by .x. ••. by xii. euer as they myght be go∣•••••• & taken in any partes. ¶And in the v. yere of kynge Rychardes regne was y^• grete erthe make & was generall thru¦ghe oute the worlde the wenesdaye after wy••••ondaye in the yere of oure lorde .M.CCC.lxxxxi. wherfore all maner pe¦ple were sore agast and aferde longe ty¦me for drede of vengraunge that our lor¦de shewed and dyd. ¶And in the .vi. ye∣re of kynge Rycharde / thenn syr Henrye spenser bysshop of Norwiche went with a greate company ouer se into Flaūdres and there they gete the towne of Graue¦uynge & the towne of burbrughe Dun∣berk & Newport and there they laded & fraughted .li. shyppes with pelage for to haue comen in to Englonde with these shyppes and goodes. And the bysshop of Norwyche and his counseyll lete brenne these shyppes with all the pelage in the same hauen all into harde asshes / and at Dunkerk was done a greate batayl bytwene the Flemyng{is} & the Englyssh¦men. And at y^• batayll were slayne a gre¦te and tyt••ge of the Flemynges & a grea¦te nombre. And than wente the bysshop with his reteme to y••ers & besyeged it a longe tyme 〈◊〉〈◊〉 it myght not be gotten. & so left that syege and come ayen into En¦glonde / too our Englysshmen were sou∣ly destroyed & many deyed on y^• flyr. and in the yere come euerie Anne into Englō¦de 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to be spoused to kynge Rycharde & hir ••••der was Emperour of Almaynt & kynge of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / & with hir 〈…〉〈…〉 be of 〈…〉〈…〉 and many other worthy 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & knyghtes of hys 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Beme and of other duche tonges to do hyr reuerence & worshyp. And syr Sy¦monde veuerle a worthy knyght of y^• gar¦ter and other knyghtes and squyres that were the kynges embassatoure•• brought hyr in to Englonde and so forth to Lon¦don. And the people of y^• cyte / that is to saye the mayer & the aldermen and all comynes roden ayenste hyr to welcome hyr / and euery man in goode araye and euery craft with his mynstralsye in the best maner wyse and mette with hyr on the blacke hethe in Kent and so brought hyr vnto London thrugh the cyte and so forth vnto westmynster vnto the kynges palays. And there she was spoused vnto kynge Rycharde well and worthely in the abbaye of westmynster and there she was crowned quene of Englonde. And all hyr frendes that came with hyr had den grete gyftes & were well cherysshed & refresshed as longe tyme as they abode there. ¶And in this same yere ther was a batayll done in the kynges palays at westmynster for certayn poyntes of trea¦son bytwene syr Iohn̄ Ansley knyght de¦fendaunt / and Carton squyre the appel¦launt. But this syr Iohn̄ of Ansley ouer came this Carton and made hym to yel¦de hym within y^• lystes. And anone was this Carton dyspoyled of his harneys & drawen out of the lystes and so forth vn¦to Tyburne and there he was hanged for his falsnesse. ¶And in the .viii. yere / of the regne of kynge Rycharde the se∣conde / syre Edmonde of Langley the. Erle of Cambrydge kynge Rychardes vncler wente in too. Portyngale wyth a fayr companye of men of armes and ar¦chers in strengthynge and helpynge the kynge of Portyngale ayenst y^• kynge of spayne & his power / and there the kyn∣ge of Portyngale had the vyctory of his enemyes thrughe helpe and comforthe of oure Englysshmen. And. whan that Iourney was done y^• erle of Cambryd∣ge come home ayen with his people into

Englande in hast blessed be god and his blessyd gyftes. Amen. ¶And this same yere kyng Rychard helde his Crystmas in the maner of Eltham. ¶And the sa¦me yere and tyme the kynge of Armony fledde out of his owne londe and come in to Englonde for to haue helpe and so coure of oure kynge ayenst his enmyes that hadde dryuen hym out of his owne reame. And so he was brought vnto the kynge to Elcham there as the kynge hel¦de his ryall feest of Crystmasse. ¶And there our kynge welcomed hym and did hym moche reuerence & worshyp & com¦maunded all his lordes to make hym al the chere that euer they coude. And than he besought the kynge of his grace and of helpe & of his comforth in his nede / & y^• he myght be brought ayen to his king¦dome and londe. For the Turkes hadde deuoured and bestroyed the moost parte of his londe / & how he fledde for drede / and come hyder for socout & helpe. And thenne the kynge hauynge on hym pyte and compassyon of his greate myscheif and greuous dysease anone he toke hys coūseyll and asked what was beste to do And they answered and sayd yf it lyked hym to gyue hym ony good it were wel¦done. And as touchynge his people for to trauell so ferre into out londes it were a greate Ieoperdye / And soo the kynge gaaf hym golde and syluer and many ryche gyftes and Iewels and betaughte hym to god / and so he passed ayen oute of Englonde. ¶And in this same yere kynge Rycharde with a ryall power wē te into Scotlonde for to warre vpon the Scottes for the falsnes and destruccyon that the Scottes had done vnto Englys¦shmen in the Marches. And thanne the Scottes come downe too the kynge for to treate with hym and with his lordes for trewes as for certayne yeres. And so our kynge & his coūseyll graūted theym trewes for certayne yeres / and our kyng torned hym ayen into Englonde. And whan he was comen vnto yorke there he abode and rested hy•••• there. And there syr Iohn̄ Holonde the erle of Kentes bro¦der slewe the erles sone of Scafforde & his heyre with a dagger in y^• cyte of yor∣ke / wherfore the kynge was sore anoyed & greued & remeued thens & came to Lō¦don / And the mayer with y^• aldermen & the comyns with all the solempnyte that myght be done ryden ayenste y^• kynge & brought hym ryally thrugh the cyte and soo forth vnto westmynster to his owne palays. ¶And in the .ix. yere of kynge Rychardes regne he helde a parlement at westmynster & there he made two du∣kes & a marqueys & fyue erles. The fyrst that was made duke was the kynges vn¦cle syr Edmonde of Langle erle of Cam¦brydge & hym he made duke of yorke / & his other vncle syr Thomas of wodstok that was erle of Bukyngham hym he made duke of Gloucestre. And syr Lyon¦uer y^• was erle of Oxforde hym he made marqueys of Deuelyne. And Hernry of Balyngbrok the dukes sone of Lancas¦tre hym he made erle of Derby. And sir Edwarde y^• dukes sone of yorke hym he made erle of Ruttelonde / And syre Io∣han Holonde that was the Erle of Ken¦tes broder and hym he dyd make erle of Huntyngdon / ¶And Syre Thomas Mombraye / hym he made Erle of No∣tyngham / and the Erle Marshalle of Englōde. And sir Mychelde lapole kny¦ght hȳ he made erle of South folk and Chaūceler of Englōde. And y^• erle of y^• Marche at y^• same parlelemēt holden at westmynster in playne parlemēt amon¦ges all the lordes & comyns was procla¦med erle of the Marche and heyre Pa∣rente to the crowne of Englonde aftere kynge Rycharde / the whiche erle of the Marche wente ouer see in to Irlonde / vnto his lordshyppes and londes / for the erle of Marche is erle of Vlster in Irlon¦de and by ryght lyue and herytage. And there atte the castell of hys he laye that

tyme / and there came vpon hym a grete multytude in busshmētes of wylde Irys¦shmen for to take hym and destroye hȳ And he come out fyersly of his castell w^t his people and manly faught with thē and there he was taken & hewen all too pyeces and so he deyed vpon whos soule god haue mercy. ¶And in the .x. yere of kynge Rychardes regne the erle of Arū¦dell went to the see with a greate nauye of shyppes & armed with men of armes & good archers / And whan they come in the brode see they mette with the hole fle¦te y^t come with wyne lade from Rochell the whiche wyne were enemyes goodes And there our nauye sette vpon theym & toke theym all and brought theym vnto dyuerse portes and hauens of Englonde & some to London / and there ye myghte haue had a tonne of Rochell wyne of y^• heste for: xx. shellynge sterlynge / and soo we had greate chepe of wyne in Englon¦de y^• tyme thanked be god almyghty.

¶How the fyue lordes arosen at Rat∣tecote brydge.

ANd in the regne of kyng Richar¦de the .xi. yere thenne fyue lordes arosen at Rattecote brydge in y^• destruc∣cyon of the rebelles y^• were that tyme in all the reame. ¶The fyrste of these fy∣ue lordes was syr Thomas of wodstok the kynges vncle & duke of Gloucestre / and the seconde was syr Rycharde erle of Arundell / and the thyrde was syr Ry¦charde erle of warwyk / the fourth was syr Henry Balynbrok erle of Derby / y^• fyfte was syr Thomas Mombray erle of Notyngham. And these .v. lordes saw the myschyef & mysgouernaūce and the falsnes of y^• kynges counseyll / wherfore they y^• were that tyme cheyf of y^• kynges counseyll fledde out of this londe ouer se that is to saye syr Alysander Neuell the Archebysshop of yorke / and syr Roberte Lewe marqueyes of Deuelyne and erle. of Oxforde / and syr Mychell de la pole / erle of South folk & Chaūceler of En¦glonde. And these thre lordes went ouer see and came neuer ayen for there they de¦yed. ¶And than these fyue lordes aboue sayd made a parlemente at westmynster and there they toke syr Robert Tresaly am the Iustyce and syr Nicholl Brem∣bre knyght and cytezeyn of London and syr Iohn̄ Salesbury a knyghte of y^• kȳ¦ges housholde & vske sergeaūt of armes and many moo of other people were ta¦ken and Iuged vnto the dethe by y^• coun¦seyll of these .v. lordes in that parlement at westmynster for y^• treason y^• they putt vpon theym to be drawen frome y^• toure of London thrugh out the cyte & so forth vnto Tyburne & there they sholde be ha¦ged and theyr throtes to be cutte & thus they were serued & deyed. And after that in this same parlement at westmynster was syr Symond Beuerle y^• was a kny¦ght of the garter and syre Iohn̄ Beau¦champ knyght that was stewarde of y^• kynges housholde / & syr Iamys Ber∣ners were for Iuged vnto the dethe and than they were ledde on fote to the toure hylle & there were theyr hedes smyten of and many other moo by these .v. lordes ¶In this same parlement and in y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 yere of kynge Rychard{is} regne he lete 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & ordeyne a generall Iustes y^• is called a turnement of lordes and knyghtes. And this Iustes & turnement were holden at London in smythfelde of all manere of straūgers of what londe or coūtre y^• euer they were & thyder they were ryght wel∣come & to thē & to all other was holden open housholde & grete festes & also gre¦te gyftes were gyuen too all manere of straungers. And of the kynges syde we∣re all of one sute their cotes ther armure sheldes hors trappure and all was white hertes with crownes about theyr neckes and chaynes of golde hangynge ther vp¦pon and the crowne hangyng lowe befo¦re the hertes body / the whiche herte was

the kynges leueraye that he gaaf to lor∣des and ladyes knyghtes and squyres for to knowe his housholde frome other pe¦ple. And in this feest camen to y^• Iustes xxiiii. ladyes and ledde .xxiiii. lordes of y^• garter with chaynes of golde and all y^• same sutes of hertes as it is before sayd frome the toure on horsbacke thrughe y^e cyte of London in to smyth felde there y^• the Iustes sholde be holden. And this fe¦est and Iustes was holden generalle for all tho that wolde come theder of what londe & nacyon y^• euer they were. And this was holden durynge .xxiiii. dayes of the kynges costes / and these .xxiiii. lordes to answere all manere people that wold come thyder. And theder came the erle of saynt Poule of Fraūce and many other worthy knyghtes with hym of dyuerse partyes full worthely arayed. And out of Holande & Henaude came the lorde / Ostreuaūt y^• was the dukes sone of Ho∣land and many other worthy knyghtes with hym of Holland & full well arayed And whan this feest & Iustynge was en¦ded y^• kynge thanked this straūgers and gaaf them many ryche gyftes. And soo they token theyr leue of y^• kynge and of other lordes & ladyes & wente home ayē into theyr owne coūtrees with grete loue & moche thanke. ¶And in y^• .xiii. yere of kynge Rychardes regne there was a ba¦tayll done in the kynges palays at west¦mynster kytwene a squyer of Nauerne y^• was with kynge Rycharde / & an othere squyre y^• was called Iohn̄ walssh for poȳ¦tes of treason y^• this Nauerne put vpon this walssheman. but this Nauerne was ouercomen & yelde hym recreaunt to his aduersary. And anone he was dyspoyled of his armure & drawen ont of the pala¦ys to Tyburne & there was hanged for his falsnes. ¶And the .xiiii. yere of kyn¦ge Rychardes regne syr Iohn̄ of Gaūt duke of Lancastre wente ouer see in too Spayne for to chalenge his ryght that he had by his wyfes tytle vnto the crow¦ne of Spayne with a greate host of pe∣ple and men of armes and archers. and he had with hym the duchesse his wyfe & his thre doughters ouer see into Spay¦ne / & there they were a greate whyle / & at the laste the kynge of Spayne began to treate with y^• duke of Lancastre & they were accorded togyder thrugh theyr both coūseyll in this manere / y^• the kynge of Spayne sholde wedde y^• dukes doughter of Lancastre that was the ryght heyre of Spayne / and he sholde gyue vnto y^• du∣ke of Lancastre golde and syluer y^• were cast into greate wegges and many other Iewels as moche as .viii. charyetes my∣ght carye. And euery yere after durynge the dukes lyfe of Lancastre and of y^• du∣ches his wyf .x. thousāde marke of gold Of whyche golde the auenture & charg{is} sholde be to theym of Spayne & yerely brynge vnto Bayon to the dukes assyg¦nes by surete made. And also y^• duke ma¦ryed an other of his doughters vnto the kynge of Portyngale the same tyme / & whan he had done so he come home a∣yen in to Englonde and his goode lady his wyfe also / but many worthy men de∣yed vpon the flyx. ¶In the .xv. yere of kynge Rychard{is} regne he helde his cryst masse in the maner of wodstok and the¦re the erle of Penbroke ayong lorde and tendre of aege wolde lerne to Iuste with a knyght that was called syre Iohn̄ of saynt Iohn̄ / and roden togyder in y^• par¦ke of wodstoke / and there this worthy erle of Penbroke was slayne with that other knyghtes spere as he cast it frome hym whan y^• they had coupled / and thus the good erle made there his ende / and therfore y^• kynge & the quene made mo∣che sorowe for his dethe. ¶And in y^e .xvi yere of kynge Rychardes regne Iohn̄ hē¦de beynge that tyme mayer of London and Iohn̄ walworth & Henry vanner be¦ynge shreues of London / that same ty∣me a bakers man bare a basket of hors brede in too Fletstrete towarde an hostre

and there came a yonge man of the bys¦shop of Salysbury that was called Ro¦mayn and he toke a hors lofe out of the basket of y^• bakers / & he asked hym why he dyd so / and this Romayn torned ayē and brake the bakers heed / And neygh∣bours came out and wolde haue arested this Romayn & he brake frome them & fledde to his lordes place and the Con∣stale wolde haue had hym oute / but the bysshops men shette fast the yates and kept y^• place y^• no man myght entre and than moche more people gadred thyder and sayd that they wolde haue hym out or els they woldr brenne vp y^• place and all that were within / And than came y^e mayer and shreues with moche other pe¦ple & cessyd y^• malyce of the comyns and made euery man to go home to ther hou¦ses & kepe peas. And this Romayns lor¦de the bysshop of Salesbury mayster Io¦han waltham y^• at y^• tyme was tresou∣rer of Englonde went to syr Thomas Arūdell Archebysshop of yorke & Chaū¦celer of Englonde / & there y^• bysshop ma¦de his complaynt vnto y^• Chaūceler on the peple of the cyte of London. And thā these two bysshops of greate malyce & vengeaūce come vnto the kynge at wyn¦desore & made a greate cōplaynt vpon y^• mayer & shreues. And anone all the cyte afterwarde came before the kynge and his coūseyll / & they caste vnto the cyte a greuous herte & a wonder grete malyce And anone sodeynly the kyng sent after the mayer of London & for the two shre¦ues / & they came to hym vnto the castell of wyndsore. And the kynge rebuked the mayer and shreues full foule for the of¦fence that they had done ayenst hym & his offycers in his chambre at London Wherfore he deposed and putte oute the mayer and both shreues / and this was done the .xiiii. dayes afore the feeste of saynt Iohan Baptyst. And thanne the kynge called to hym a knyght that was called syr Edwarde dalyngrygge & ma∣de hym wardeyne & gouernoure of the cyte and chambre of London & ouer all his people therin. And so he kepte that offyce but foure wekes bycause that he was so gentyll & tendre too y^• cytezeyns of London / wherfore the kynge deposed hym & made syr Baudewyne radyng••o knyght y^• was Courtrouller of y^• kynges houshold wardeyne & gouernour of his chambre and of his people theryn / and chose to hym two worthy men of the cy∣te to be shreues with hym too gouerne & kepe y^• kynges lawes in y^• cyte that one was called Gylbert mawefelde & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 other Thomas newenton shreues. And than the mayer & the two shreues and al the aldermen with all y^• worthy 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of London went on foot vnto the to••re of London / & there came out the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 table of the towre & gaaf y^• mayer and the shreues theyr othe and charge as 〈◊〉〈◊〉 sholde haue taken in y^• Escheker of ••••••••¦mynster in y^e kynges court of his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & Barons of y^• Escheker & thanne went they home ayen. And than the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & his counseyll for y^• greate malyce & despyte y^• they had to y^• cyte of London remeued all his courtes frome westm••••¦ster vnto the cyte of yorke y^• is to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y^• Chauncelar y^• Escheker y^• kynges byn¦che and the comune place & there they helde all these courtes of lawe fro my•• somer / that is to saye the feest of saynt Iohan Bastyst vnto the feest of Cryste masse next comynge. And thanne y^• k••n¦ge & his coūseyll sawe it not so proffyta¦ble there. as it was at London than anone he remeued it ayen to London & so to westmynster for grete ease of his officers & a vauntage to y^• kynge & all y^• comu¦nes of the reame. ¶And whanne the pe¦ple of London sawe and knewe that the¦se courtes were comen ayen and y^• kyn∣ge & his people also than y^• mayer & the aldermen wyth the chyef Comunes of the cyte lete gadre a grete somme of gol¦de of all the Comunes of the Cyte and

ordeyned & made greate ryaltees ayens his comynge to London for to haue his grace & good lordshyp & also theyr lyber¦tees and fraūchyses graūted vnto them ayen as they were wonte too haue afore tyme. And thrugh greate instaūce & pra¦yer of the quene & of other lordes & lady¦es the kynge graūted theym grace / And this was done at Shene in Sutherey / ¶ And than the kynge within two da∣yes after came to London / & the mayer of y^• cyte with the shreues aldermen & al the worthy men of y^• cyte afterwarde ro¦de ayenst hym in good araye vnto y^• he the on this syde of Shene y^• mayer sub¦myttynge theym homely & mekely with all maner obeyssaūce vnto hym as they oughten to doo. And thus they broughte the kyng & y^• quene to London. and whā the kynge came to y^• yate of Londō bryd¦ge there they presented hym with a myl¦ke whyte stede sadled and brydled and trapped with clothe of golde and reed partyed togyder / and y^• quene a palfrey all whyte ut the same araye trappyd w^t whyte & reed and all the conduytes of London ranne with wyne both whytel & ••eed / for all maner peple to drynke who wolde. And bytwene saynt Poules and the crosse in thepe there was made a sta¦ge a ryall standyng vpon hygh and ther¦in were many angelles with dyuers me lodyes and songes. And than an angelle came downe frome the stage on hygh by a vyce and let a crowne of golde pyght with ryche perles & precyous stones vp∣pon the kynges heed and an other vpon the quenes heed. And soo the cytezeyns / brought the kynge and the quene to west¦mynster in to theyr palays. And than on the morne after the mayer & the shreues and the aldermen of London camen vn¦to the kynge to his palays at westmyn∣ster & presente hym with two basyns of syluer and ouergylted full of coyned gol¦de the somme of .xx. hondred poūde pra¦yenge hym of his hyghe mercye & grace and lordshypp and specyally grace that they myght haue his good loue with the lybertees and Fraūchyses lyke wyse as they were wonte for too haue before ty∣mes and by his letters patentes and his chartre confermed. And the quene and o¦ther worthy lordes & ladyes fell on ther knees & besought the kynge of grace to conferme this. Than the kynge toke vp the quene and grauted hir all hir askyn¦ge. And than they thanked the kynge & the quene & wente home ayen. ¶And in xvi yere of kynge Rychardes regne cer∣tayne lordes of Scotlond came into En¦glonde for to gete worshyp as by feet of armes / this were the persones / The erle of Marre & he chalenged the erle Mar∣shall of Englond to Iuste with hym cer¦tayne poyntes on horsbak with sharpe speres / & they rode togyder as two wor∣thy knyghtes & lordes certayne courses / but not the full chalenge y^• the Scottes erle made / for he was cast both hors and man & two of his rybbes broken with y^• falle & so he was borne thens out of smy¦thfelde home to his Inne. And within a lytell tyme after he was caryed home in a hors lytter and at yorke he deyed. And syre wyllyam Darell knyghte and the kynges banerer of Scotlonde than ma∣de an other chalenge with syr Pers cour¦tayne knyght and the kynges banerer of Englond of certayn courses yet on hors¦backe in the same felde / and whanne he hadde ryden certayne courses & assayed he myght not haue the better he gaaf it ouer and wolde nomore of his chalenge w^t syr Pers courtayne knyght & y^• kyng{is} banerere of Englonde and torned his hors and rode home vnto his owne Inn And one Cockeborne a squyre of Scot∣londe chalenged syr Nycholl Hawberke a knyghte of certayne courses yet wyth sharpe speres and roden fyue courses to¦gyder and at euery course the Scot was caste downe bothe hors and man / and thus oure Englysshe lordes thanked be

god had the felde. ¶And in the .xvii. ye¦r•• of kynge Rycha•••••• regne deyed the good 〈…〉〈…〉 to kynge Rycharde in the manere of Shene in the shyre of Surrey vpon wit¦sondaye / and than was she broughte to London and so to westmynster and the¦re was she buryed and worthely entered besyde saynt Edwardes shiyne / on who¦se soule almyghty god haue pyte and in his mercy. Amen.

¶How kynge Rycharde spoused dame Isabell the kynges doughter of Fraun¦ce in the towne of Calays and brought hir into Englonde and lette hir be crow¦ned quene in the abbaye of saynt Peters of westmynstre.

IN the .xx. yere of kynge Rychard{is} regne he wente hymselfe ouer see vnto Calays with dukes erles lordes & barons and many other worthy squyres with greate araye and comune people of the reame in good araye / as longed to su¦che a kynge and prynce of his nobley & of his owne persone to do hym reueren∣ce & obseruaūce as ought to be done too theyr lyege lorde & so myghty a kynge & Emperoure in his owne to abyde & recey¦ue ther y^• worthy & gracyous lady y^• shol¦de be his wyfe a yonge creature of .xix. yere of aege dame Isabell the kynges doughter of Fraūce & other worthy lor∣des of greate name both barons & kny∣ghtes with moche other people y^• camen to the towne of Grauenynge & two du¦kes of Fraunce y^• one was the duke of Burgoyn and y^• other the duke of Bar¦re that wolde no further lesse than they had pledges. And than kynge Rychard delyuerd two pledges for them for to go sauf & come sauf his two worthy 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the duke of Gloucestre & y^• duke of york & these two went ouer y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of graue ny••ge & abode there as for pledg{is} to the tyme y^• the maryage was done / and that these two dukes of Fraunce were come ayen vnto Grauenynge water. And thā these two worthy dukes came ouer y^• wa¦ter at Grauenynge & so to Calays with this worshypfull lady dame Isabell y^• was the kynges doughter of Fraunce & with hir came many a worthy lorde and eke lady & knyghtes & squyres in y^• best araye y^• myght be & so brought hyr into the towne of Calays. And there she was receyued with all the solempnyte & wor¦shyp that myghte be done vnto suche a lady. And than they broughte hyr vnto the kynge. and the kynge toke hir & wel∣comed hir and all hir fayre company & made there all the solempnyte y^• myght be done. ¶And than the kynge & his coū¦seyll asked of the Frensshe lordes wh••∣ther all the couenaūtes & forwardes w^t the composycyon that were ordeyned & made on bothe partyes sholde be truely kepte and holde bytwene theym. And they sayd ye / and there they swore and toke theyr charge vpon a boke and ma¦de theyr othe well and truly it to hold in all maner of poynts and cou••nauntes withoute contradyccyon or delay in ony maner wyse. And than was she brought to saynt Nicholas chirche in Calays and there she was worthely wedded with the moost solempnyte y^• ony kynge or quene myght be / w^t Archebysshops & bysshops & all the mynystres of holy chirche. and than they were brought to y^• castell & ••ete to mete. And were serued with all delyca¦sye of ryall metes & drynkes plenteuous¦ly to all maner of straūgers & all other & no creature warned y^• feest / but al were welcome / for there were greate halles & tentes set vpon the grene without y^• cas∣tell to receyue all manere of people. and euery offyce redy for to serue theym all. And thus this worthy maryage was so¦lemply done & ended with all ••yalte. and thanne these two worthy dukes of Fra∣unce with theyr people token theyr leue of the kynge and of the quene and went

ayen vnto Grauenynge water. And the¦re the Frensshe lordes / that is to say the two dukes and all theyr menys 〈◊〉〈◊〉 co¦men ouer the water to Gra••••nynge & they mette with our two dukes / and eue¦rychone toke leue at other and so they de¦parted / and our lordes camen ayen vnto Calays / and the Frensshe lordes wenten ouer the water and so home into Fraun¦ce ayen. ¶And anone after the kynge made hym redy with the quene and all his lordes and ladyes and all theyr peo∣ple with theym and came ouer the se in to Englonde and so vnto London. And the mayer and the shreues with all the aldermen and worthy comunes roden a¦yenst them vnto the blacke hethe in too Kente / and there they mette with y^• kin¦ge and the quene and welcomed theym and that in good araye and euery man in the clothynge of his craft and theyre mynstrels before them. And so they brou¦ght theym vnto saynt Georges barre in Southwarke & there they token theyr leue. And the kynge and the quene roden to Kenyngton and than y^• people of Lō¦don torned home ayen / And in tornyng ayen to London brydge there was soo greate presse of people both on hors & on foote that there were deed on y^• brydge / xi. persones of men & women & children on whos soules almyghty god haue mer¦cy & pyte amen. ¶And than afterwarde the quene was brought to the towre of London / & there she was all nyght & on the morne she was brought thrugh the cy¦te of London and so forth vnto westmin¦ster and there she was crowned quene of Englonde / and than she was broughte ayen vnto the kynges palays and there was holden open / and a ryall feest at hir coronacyon of all maner people that the der come / & this was done the sondaye nexte after the feest of saynt Clemente. in the .xx. yere of kynge Rychardes reg∣ne. And than the .xxv. daye of Auguste / next after by euyll excytacyon and fals coūseyll & for grete 〈…〉〈…〉 kynge had of 〈…〉〈…〉 good duke of Glouerstre and to the erle n•• Arūdell and too the erle of warwyk. Anone the kyng by his euyll excytacyon and his euyll coūseyll & malyce late in y^• euenynge on the same daye aboue sayd made hym redy with his strēgthe & rode into Estsex vnto the towne of Chelmes¦forde and so come to Plasshe sodenly the re syr Thomas of wodstok the good du¦ke of Gloucestre laye / and the good du∣ke came to welcome the kynge anone. & the kynge arested the good duke hymsel¦fe with his owne body / & so he was ladde downe to the water and anone put into a shyp and anone had to Calays & brou¦ght into the Capytayns warde to be kep¦te in holde by the kynges commaunde∣ment of Englonde. Ad that tyme ther¦le Marchall was Capytayne of Calays And anone after by commaundemente of the kynge and by hys fals counseyll commaūded the capytayne to put hym to the dethe. Add anone certayne yomen that had the good duke in kepynge toke theyr coūseyll how that they sholde put hym vnto dethe / And this was theyr ap¦poyntement that they sholde come vpon hym whanne he were in his bedde and a slepe on a fetheren bedde / and anone they bounde hym honde and fote & char¦ged hym to lye styll And whan that they hadde done thus they token two smale towelles and made on theym two rydȳ¦ge knottes and caste the towelles about his necke / & than they toke y^• 〈…〉〈…〉 y^• laye vnder hym & cast it aboue hym & than they drewe theyr to welles eche ••••yes and some laye vpon the fetheren 〈◊〉〈◊〉 vpon hym vnto the tyme that he 〈◊〉〈◊〉 bycause that he sholde make no 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and thus they strangled thys worthy du¦ke vnto the dethe / vpon whosoule 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for hys hyghe pyte haue mercy / Amen ¶And whan the kynge had rested thus this worthy duke and his vnde & sente

hym to Calays he came ayen to London in all the hast with a wonder greate peo¦ple / And as sone as he was comen he sē∣te for the erle of Arundell / and for the go¦de erle of warwyk / And anone as they came he arested theym hymselfe. and syr Iohan Cobham and syr Iohn̄ Cheyne knyghtes he arested theym in the same. maner tyll he made his parlemente. and anone they were putte into holde / but y^• erle of Arundell wente at large vnto the parlemente tyme / for he foūde suffycient surete / to a abyde the lawe & to answere to all manere poyntes that the kynge & his counseyll wolde putte vppon hym / ¶ And the .xxi. yere of kynge Rychardes regne he ordeyned hym a parlement at westmynster the whiche was called the greate parleamente / And thys parlea∣ment was made for to Iuge thys three worthy lordes and other moo as they lyst at that tyme / And for that Iugemente / the kynge lete make in all the haste a lō¦ge hous and a large of tymbre the why∣che was called an halle & couered w^t tiles ouer & it was open all about on both sy¦des & at y^• endes that all maner of men myght se thrugh oute / and there the do∣me was holden vpon these forsayd lord{is} and Iugement gyuen at this forsayd par¦lement. And for to come vnto this parle¦ment the kynge sente his wryttes to eue¦ry lorde baron knyghte & euery squyre. in euery shyre thrugh out Englond y^• eue¦ry lorde shold gadre & brynge his retenue with hym in as shorte & in the best araye that they myght gete in mayntenynge & in the strengthynge of the kynge ayenste theym that were his enemyes / and that this were done in all the haste and come to hym in payne of dethe. And the kyng¦ge hȳself sent into Chestreshyre to cheyf¦••ayns of y^• coūtree / and they gadred and brought a greate & an huge company of people both of knyghtes & squyres and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of yomen of Chestreshyre y^• whiche yomen and archers the kynge to¦ke to his owne court and gaf them bow¦ge of court and good wages to be kepers of his owne body both by nyght and by daye aboue all other persones and moste loued and beste truste / the whiche sone af¦terwarde torned the kynge to grete losse and shame hyndrynge and his vtterlye vndoynge & destruccyon as ye shall here afterwarde. And that tyme came sir Hē¦ry of Derby with a greate menye of mē of armes and archers / and the Erle of Rutlonde come with a stronge power of peple bothe of men of armes and archers And the erle of Kente brought a greate power of men of armes and archers. the erle Marchall came in the same manere And the lorde Spenser in this same ma¦nere / The erle of Northumberlonde and syr Henry Percy his sone and syr Tho¦mas Percy the erles broder. And all the¦se worthy lordes brought a fayr meny & a stronge power & eche man in his beste araye. And the duke of Lancastre & the duke of yorke came in y^• same maner w^t men of armes and archers folowynge y^• kynge. And syr William shop 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Englonde came in the same manere And thus in this araye came all 〈◊〉〈◊〉 thy men of this londe vnto ou•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 all these people came to London 〈◊〉〈◊〉 daye / in soo moche that euery there and lane in London and in the subarbes we¦re full of theym lodged and. 〈…〉〈…〉 my¦le abowte London on euery waye: And these people brought the kynge to west∣mynster & went borne ayen to theyr lod∣gynge both hors and man and than on the mondaye the .xii. daye of Septembre the parlement began at westmynster the whiche was called the grete parlement ¶And on the frydaye nexte afte the Er¦le of Arundell was broughte in too the parleament amonge all the lordes / and y^• was on saynt Mathewes daye the ap∣postle & euangelyst / there he was for Iu¦ged vnto y^• dethe in this balle y^• was ma¦de in the palays atte westmynster And

this was his Iugement / he sholde go on foot with his hondes boūde behynde hȳ frome the place that he was Iuged in. & so forth thrugh the cyte of London vnto the Towre hylle and his heed to be smi¦ten of and soo it was done in dede in the same place. And .vi. of the grettest lordes that sate on his Iugemente roden with hym vnto the place there he was done to the dethe and so to se that the execucyon were done after the dome. And by y^• kin¦ges cōmaundement / with them went on foot men of armes and archers a greate multytude of Chestreshyre men in stren¦gethynge of the lordes that brought this erle to his dethe for they dredde leest the erle sholde be rescowed and taken from theym whanne they come into London. Thus he passed forth thrugh the cyte vn¦to his dethe. and there he toke it full pa¦cyently on whos soule god haue mercye Amen. And than come the frere Austins and toke vp the body and the heede of this good erle and bare it home to theyr place and buryed hym in theyr quyre. & in the morne after was syr Rycharde er¦le of warwyk brought into the parlemē¦te there as the erle of Arundell was for / Iuged / and they gaaf the erle of warwik the same Iugemente that the forsayd er¦le had but the lordes had compassyon of hym bycause he was of more gretter ae¦ge and released hym into perpetuall pry¦son / & put hym into the ylonde of Man And thenne on the mondaye nexte after / the lorde Iohanne Cobham of Kente / & syr Iohan Cheyn knyghtes were alsoo brought into the same parlement in the same halle / and there they were for Iu∣ged for too be hanged and drawen / but thrugh the prayers and greate Instaun∣ce of all the lordes that Iugement was foryeuen to them and released into per∣petuall pryson. ¶And in this same yere was Rycharde Wyttyngdon mayer of London / and Iohn̄ wedecoke & wyllyā Askam shreues of London. ¶And they ordeyned at euery yate of London durȳ∣ge this same parlement stronge watche of men of armes and archers and thru∣ghe out euery warde also. And the kyng made .v. dukes and one markeys & four erles / and the fyrste of them was the erle of Derby & he was made duke of Her∣forde / And the seconde also was the erle of Rutlonde and he was made duke of Awemarle. And the thyrde was the erle of Kent and he was made duke of Sur¦re. And the fourth was the erle of Hun∣tyngdon and he was made duke of Ex∣cestre: And the fyfte was the erle of No∣tyngham a he was made duke of North¦folke. And the erle of Somersete he was made markeys of Dorset. And the lord Spenser was made Erle of Goucestre / And the lorde Neuyll of raby was made erle of westmerlonde / And syr Thomas percy was made erle of worcestre. And syr wyllyam scrope that was tresourere of Englonde was made erle of wylte∣shyre. And syr Iohn̄ mōtagu erle of Sa¦lesbury. And whan the kynge had thus done he helde the parlemente and ryalle fest vnto all his lordes and to all maner people that thyder wolde come. ¶And this same yere deyed syr Iohn̄ of Gaūt the kynges vncle and duke of Lancastre in y^• bysshops inne in Holdorne. and was brought fro thens to saynt Poule & the∣re the kynge made and helde this entere∣ment well and worthely with all his lor∣des in the chirche of saynt Poule in Lon¦don / and there he was buryed besyde da¦me Blaūce his wyfe y^• was doughter & heyre vnto the good Henry that was du¦ke of Lancastre. In the same yere there fell a dyscencyon bytwere y^• duke of Her¦forde and the duke of Norfolk / in so mo¦che y^• they waged batayll and ••asten dow¦ne theyr gloues & than they were taken vp & ensealed & y^• batyyll Ioyne•• & the day set & y^• place assygned 〈…〉〈…〉 and this sholde be at Cou••tre. ¶And thyder come the kynge wyth all hys 〈◊〉〈◊〉

at that daye and was set in the felde and than these two worthy lordes came into y^• felde well and clene armed & wel arayed with all theyr wepen & redy too done theyr batayll & were redy in y^e pla∣ce for to fyght at vtteraūce. But y^• kyng had them cesse & toke y^• quarell into his honde. And forth with ryght there presē¦te exyled y^• duke of Herforde forterme of x. yere. & the duke of Norfolke for euere more. And syr Thomas of Arūdell Archebysshop of Caūterbury was exyled y^• same tyme for euer & deposed out of his see for malyce of the kynge. & anone the¦se thre worthy lordes were cōmaūded & defēded y^• kyng{is} reame. And anone they gate theym shyppes at dyuerse hauens and went ouer see into dyuerse londes e¦che his waye. And the duke of Norfolke wente too Venece and there he deyed on whos soule god haue mercy. Amen. and than kynge Rycharde made a clerke of his syr Roger walden Archebysshop of Caunterbury / ¶And in the .xxii. yere of kynge Rychardes regne by fals coūseyll ymagynacyon of coueytous men y^• were about hym were made & ordeyned blan¦ke chertres and made theym to be ense¦led of all maner ryche men thrugh oute the reame / In so moche that they com∣pelled dyuerle people to sette theyr seales therto / And this was done for greate co¦uetyse wherfore all gode hertes of the rea¦me were clene torned awaye fro the kin¦ge for euer after. And that was vtterly his dystruccyon and ende to hym y^• was soo hyghe and soo excellente prynce and kynge and thrugh couetous & fals coun¦seyll falsly betrayed. Alas for pyte that suche a kynge myght not se: ¶And thā kynge Rycharde sette his kyngdome & hys ryall londe of Englonde too ferme vnto four persones / the whiche were the se / Syr wyllyam strop erle of wyleshyre and tresourer of Englonde / and syr Io¦han Busshe / and Henry grene / and syr Iohan Bagot knyghtes that whyche / torned theym too myscheyf and dethe w^t in a lytell tyme as ye shall fynde here af¦terwarde wryten. ¶And than kyng Ry¦charde made greate ordynaūce & ••nte hymself ouer see in to I••londe & many grete lordes with hym 〈◊〉〈◊〉 a grete hoste for to strenth theyr kynge with men of armes archers and moche greate stuff & ryghte good ordynaūce as longed vnto warre And or he passed ouer see he ordey¦ned & made syr Edmonde of Langley his vncle y^• duke of yorke his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Englonde in his absence with she gouernaūce & coūseyll of the••e 〈…〉〈…〉 that had taken Englonde to ••••••me of the kynge. And than he 〈…〉〈…〉 see and came into Irlonde and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 was well & worthely receyued. And 〈◊〉〈◊〉 rebelles that ben called wolde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 came downe to the kynge & yolde them to hym both body & goodes all at his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 wyll / and swore vnto hym to be 〈◊〉〈◊〉 lyege men / and there dyd to hym 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and feaute and good seruyse / & thus he conquered the moost parte of Irlonde in a lytell tyme. ¶And whyse that kyng Rycharde was thus in Irlonde syr Hen¦ry of Bolyngbroke erle of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the kynge had made before duke of ••••••forde / the whiche duke the kynge had ••••led out of this lond was comen 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to Englende for to chalenge the duke•••• me of Lancastre as for his ryght & new herytage / & he came downe out of Fraū¦ce by londe vnto Calays. And t••ere ••e•• hym syr Thomas of Arūdell y^• was Ar¦chebysshop of Caūterbury y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 e••yled out of Englonde / & with hym came the erle of Arūdell his sone & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y^• which was in kepȳg of syr Iohn̄ shelley knight sōtyme w^t the erle of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & with the duke of E••ces•••• y^• which was tho in y^• castell of Reygate in southsex & there he stale hym awaye & came too Calays and there he was keped well & worthely tyll these other two lordes were comen / to Calays. ¶And than this worthy du∣ke

and syr Thomas of Arundell Arche¦bysshop of Caūterbury shypped in y^• ha¦uen of Calays & drewe theyr cours nor warde and aryued in yorke shyre at Ra¦uensporne faste by wydelyngton / & there he came & entred fyrste the londe & two lordes with hym and theyr nauye. And soo thanne moche people of the reame / that whan they herde of his comynge & knewen where that he was and anone / they drewen vnto hym and welcomed these lordes and soo gaaf theym coura∣ge in all manere thynge and soo passed forth into the londe and gadred moche people to them. ¶And whan kynge Ry¦charde herde and wyste that these twoo lordes were comen ayen in to Englonde and also were londed / Than the kynge lefte his ordynaunce in Irlonde and co¦me in to Englonde warde in all the has¦••e that he myghte and come to the cas∣tell of Flynte and there he abode to take his counseyll and what myght he done / but too hym come none. And thanne syr Thomas Percy erle of worcestre y^• was the kynges stewarde wyst and knewe all this / anone he came into the hall amon¦ges althe people / & he brake y^• yerde of y^• ryall kynges housholde / and anone eue¦ry man was dysparpled and wente hys waye & forsoke theyr mayster and soue∣rayne lorde & left hym allone. And thus was kynge Rycharde brought downe & destroyed and stode hymself allone with out comforth or socoure or of ony goode coun••eylle of ony man / alas for pyte of this ryall kynge. And anone came wor∣de that syr Henry of Bolyngbroke was vp with a stronge power of people and that all the squyres of Englonde reysen vp the shyres in strengthynge of hym a yenste kynge Rycharde. ¶And thus so∣ne he was come oute of the North coun¦tre to Brystowe and the re he met wyth sir wyllyam Scrope erle of wyltshyre & tresourer of Englonde & with sir Iohn̄ Busshe and syr Henry greue and Iohn̄ Bagot but he escaped frome theym and went ouer see into Irlonde / & these thre knyghtes were taken & theyr hedes smy¦ten of & thus they deyed for theyr fals co¦uetyse. ¶And than was kynge Rychar¦de taken & brought vnto the duke / and a none the duke put hym in faste warde & stronge holde vnto his comynge to Lon¦don. And than was there a rumore in Lō¦don & a stronge noyse that kynge Ry∣charde came to westmynster / & the peo∣ple of London ranne thyder and wolde haue done moche harme & hurte in ther woodnesse had notte the mayer and al∣dermen and othere worthy men cessed theym with fayre wordes and tornede theym home agayne vnto London And ther was syr Iohn̄ Slake dene of y^• kin¦ges chapell of westmynster taken & brou¦ght to London / & put in pryson in Lud∣gate. And Iohan Bagot was taken in Irlonde and so brought to London and put in pryson in Newgate there to be kep¦te & abyde his answere. ¶And soon af∣ter the duke brought kynge Rychard pry¦uely vnto London & put hym in the tour vnder sure kepynge as a prysoner. And than came the lordes of the ream•• wyth all theyr coūseyll vnto the Tour to kyn¦ge Rycharde & sayd to hym of hys mys∣gouernaūce & extorcyon y^• he hadde done made & ordeyned to oppresse all the comy¦ne people & also to all y^• reame. Wherfo¦re all the comyne people of y^• reame wol¦de hym haue deposed of his kyngdome. And so he was deposed at y^• tyme in the Toure of London by all his lordes coū∣sayll & comune assent of all the reame∣And than he was put frome the Tour vnto the castell of Ledes in Kent & the∣re he was kept a whyle. And thā he was had frome thens vnto the castell of Poū¦fret in the North coūtre to be kept in pri¦son / and ryght sone after there he made his ende. ¶And than whan kynge Ry¦charde was deposed and had resygned his crowne & his kyngdome & was kept

fast in holde / than all the lordes of the reame with the comyns assente & by ac∣corde chosen this worthy lorde syr Hen∣ry of Bolyngbroke erle of Derby duke of Herford & duke of Lancastre by ryght lyne and herytage and for his ryghtfull manhode that the people founde in hym before all other they chose hym and ma¦de hym kynge of Englonde amonges / theym.

INnocencyus the .vii. was chosen at Rome and lyued but two yere and than Gregory .xii. was after hym. xii. yere & euer was debate. Than was Alexander chosen in y^• coūseyll of Pysā & he was called fyrste Petrus de Candy∣da & so was put stryf to stryf euerychone of those thre sayd he was pope. than was there a coūseyll at Pysan where they be∣gan to make a concorde & there they de¦posed y^• two & the thyrde stode & so was worse deuysyon made than before. for y^• they ordeyned preuayled not. ¶Roberte was Emperour after wenselaus .ix. yere this man was duke of Bauary & erle of Palatyn a Iust man and a good / & was crowned of Boneface the .ix. This man entred ytaly with a greate hoost of Al∣mayns ayenst Iohn̄ the duke of Galy∣as / but with an heuy hoost he torned ayē & was had worthy to suffre for his ryght wysnes. ¶Iohan the .xxiii. succeded A¦lexander .iiii. yere & fyrste he began well for an vnyte / and he was in the coūseyll at Constantis & offred hym to resygne the popehode. & after secretly & vntruly he fledde awaye but it profyted him not for he was taken & constreyned to peas and was made a Cardynall and buryed at Florens. ¶Sygysmundus was Em¦peroure after Robert .xxvii. yere / and he was sone to Karolus and kynge of Vn¦garye and moost crysten prynce. and he was so deuoute to god that he deserued too be canonysed. This man holpe the chirche thrugh his merueylous prudence and wytte / for he spared no labour ne no thynge y^• he had tyll he had made a full peas amonge the clergye. And he had .ix batayls ayenst y^• Turke. & euer he had y^• vyctorye / & what more all thynge y^• euer was wryten in louynge to Constantyne Theodosio Karolo Otto may truly be wryten of him. And he was crowned in Vngary & decessed a blessed man.

¶Circa Annū dm̄ .M.CCCC.vii.

¶Of syr Henry of Bolyngbroke Erle of Derby that regned after kynge Rycharde / whiche was the fourth Henry af¦ter the Conquest.

ANd after kynge Rycharde the se¦conde was deposed and oute of his kyngdome the lordes and the com••∣nes all with one assent & all other wo•• thy of the reame chosen Henry of Bolȳ¦gebroke erle of Derby sone and hey•• of Iohn̄ the duke of Lancastre for his wor thy manhode that oft tyme had be fo••••de in hym and in dedes preued. vpon 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Edwardes daye y^• cofessour he was crowned kynge of Englond at westm••••ster by assent of all the reame next af•••• y^• deposynge of kynge Rycharde. Than he made Henry his eldest sone pryn•••• of wales & duke of Cornewayle & Erle of Chestre. And he made syr Thomas of Arūdell Archebysshop of Caunterbury•• ayen as he was before. And syr Rogere walden that kynge Rycharde had ma∣de Archebysshop of caūterbury he made bysshopp of London for y^• tyme it stode voyde. And he made the Erles sone of Arundell that came with hym ouer the¦se frome Calays into Englonde. he ma¦de hym erle of Arūdell as his fader had ben & put hym in possessyon of all his lō¦des. And he made homage & f••aute vn∣to his lyege lorde the kynge as all other lordes hadde done. ¶And than anon••

dyed kynge Rycharde in y^e castell of Poū¦fret in the North coūtre / for there he was enfamed vnto deth by his keper / For he was kept there .iiii. o•• .v. dayes frome me¦te or drynke / and soo he made his ende in this worlde / yet mothe people in En¦glonde and in other londes sayd he was alyue many a yere after his dethe. But whether he was alyue or dede the people helde theyr fals opynyon and byleue y^t many had & moche people cam to grete myscheyf & foule dethe as ye shall here afterwarde. ¶And whan kynge Henry wyst and knewe verely that he was de / de he lete sere hym in the best manere & closed it in a fayr chest with dyuerse spy¦ces & bawmes and closed hym in a lyn¦nyn clothe all sauf his vysage and that was left open that all men myght se his persone frome all other men. And so he was brought to London w^t torche lyght brennynge to saynt Poules chirche & the¦re he had his masse & dyrynge with moch reuerence & solempnyte of seruyce. And whanne all this was done than he was brought frome saynt Poule in to the ab¦bare of westmynster & there he had hys hole seruyce ayen. And fro westmynster he was brought to Langley and there he was buryed / vpon whos soule god haue mercy Amen. ¶And in the fyrst yere of kynge Henryes regne he helde his Crist¦masse in the castel of wyndesore. And on the .xii euen came the duke of Awemar∣le vnto the kynge & tolde hym that he & the duke of Surrey & the duke of Exce∣stre and the erle of Salesbury & the er∣le of Gloucestre and other moo of theyr¦aff ynyte were accorded to make a mom¦mynge vnto the kynge on .xii. daye atte nyght / & there they purposed to sle y^• kin¦ge in the reuelynge. & thus he y^• duke of Awemarle warned y^• kynge. And than the kynge came the same nyght to Lon¦don pryuely in all y^• hast that he myght to gete hym helpe socoure and comforth & counseyll / And anone these other that wolde haue put the kynge too dethe fled in all the hast that they myght / for they knewe well that theyr coūseyll was be∣wrayed. And than fled the duke of Sur¦rey & the erle of Salesbury with al ther menye vnto the towne of Cycestre. And there the people of the towne wolde haue arested them / and they wolde not stande to theyr arestynge / but stode at defence & faught manly. But at y^e laste they were ouercomen and taken. And there they smote of the dukes heed of Surrey and the erles heed of Salesbury and many other moo and there they put theyr quar¦ters in to sackes & theyr hedes on pooles borne on hyghe & so they were brought thrugh the cyte of London too London brydge and there these hedes were sette vpon hyghe / & theyr quarters were sent vnto other good townes and Cytees of Englonde and sette vp there. ¶At Ox∣forde was taken Blounte knyghte and Benet Cely knyght / and Thomas wȳ¦tersell squyre and there byheded & quar∣tred & the knyghtes hedes were set vpon pooles and brought to London and sett vpon London brydge / and the quarters sent forth to other good townes. ¶And in y^e same yere at Pryttelwell in a mylle in Estsex there syr Iohn̄ Holande y^• du¦ke of Excestre was taken with the comy¦nes of the coūtre / & they brought hym fro¦me y^• mylle to y^• Plasshe & to y^• same pla¦ce y^t kynge Rycharde had rested sir Tho¦mas of wodstok y^• duke of Gloucestre & ryght there in y^• same place they smote of the dukes heed of Excestre and brou¦ght it vnto London vpon a poole and it was sette vpon London brydge. ¶And in the same yere at Brystowe was ta∣ken the lorde Spenser y^t kynge Rychar¦de had made erle of Gloucestre / & y^• co¦myns of y^• towne of Brystowe, toke hȳ and brought hym into the market place of the towne and there they smote of his heed and sent it vnto London / and there it was set vpon London brydge. ¶And

in this same yere was syr Bernarde bro¦key•• knyght taken and arested and put in the Toure of London & syr Iohn̄ shel¦ly knyght and syre Iohan Mawdelyn and syre wyllyam Ferybe persones of kynge Rychardes and they were arested and putte in to the Toure of London / And thyder came the kynges Iustices & l••tte vpon theym in the Toure of Lon∣don and there they were dampned all foure vnto the dethe. and the dome was gyuen vnto syr Bernard Brokeys that he sholde goo on foote frome the Toure thrugh the cyte of London vnto Tybur 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and there to be hanged and after his heed smyten of / & syr Iohan Shelly kny¦ght & syr Iohn̄ Mawdelyn and syr wyl∣lyam Ferybe persones were drawen thru¦ghe oute the cyte of London to Tyburne & there they were hanged & theyr hedes smyten of & seton London brydge. & in this same yere kynge Henry sente quene Isabell home ayen into Fraūce y^• why¦che was kynge Rychardes wyfe & gaaf hir golde & syluer & many other Iewels and soo she was dyscharged of all hyr power and sent oute of Englonde. And in y^• seconde yere of kynge Henry y^• four¦the was syr Roger Claryngton knyght and two of his men and the pryoure of Launde and .viii. freres mynors and so¦me maysters of dyuynyte and other for treason that they wrought ayenst y^• kyn¦ge were drawen & hanged at Tyburne all .xii. persones. And there began a grea¦te dyscencyon and debate in the countre of wales bytwene the lorde Grey rythen & Owen of Glendere squyre of wales & this Owen arered a grete nombre of walsshmen & kept all that coūtre abowt ryghte strongly & dyd moche harme and destroyed the kynges to w••••es and lorde∣shyppes thrughe oute all wales and rob¦bed and slewe the kynges people bothe / Englysshe & walesshe / and thus he endu¦red a .xii. yere largely. And he toke y^• lor¦de Grey tythen prysoner and kepte him fast in holde tyll he was raunsomed of prysoners of the marche and kepte hym longe tyme in holde. And at the laste he made hym wedde one of his doughters and kepte hym there styll with his wyfe & sone after he deyed. ¶And than kynge Henry knowynge this myschyef destruc¦cyon & treason y^t this Owen had wrou∣ght. & anone he ordeyned a stronge pow¦er of men of armes & archers & moche o¦ther stuff y^• longed to warre for to abate & destroye y^t malyce of this fals walsshe man. And than y^t kynge came in to wa¦les w^t his power for to destroy this Ow¦en & other rebelles fals walshmen, and anone they fledde in to y^• montayns and there myght the kynge do the no harme in no maner wyse for y^• montayns & so the kynge came ayen in to Englonde for lesynge of moche of his peple / & thus he spedde not there. ¶In this same yere was grete scarsyte of whete in Englōde for a quarter of whete was at .xvi. shel••••¦ge. & there was marchaundyse of Englō de sente in to Pruce for whete & anone they hadde lade & fraught shyppes ••••ou¦ghe & came home in saufte thanked be god of all his gyftes. ¶And in y^• 〈…〉〈…〉 of kynge Henryes regne there was a sterre seen in the fyrmamente y^• shewed hȳself thrugh all y^• world for dyuerse to¦kens y^• shold befall sone after the why¦che sterre was named by clergye. S••tella¦cometa & on saynt Mary Mawde••••ne•• daye nexte folowynge in the same yere / was the batayll of Shrowesbury / And thyder came syr Henry Perry the Erles sone of Northumberlonde with a grete multytude of men of armes and archers and gaaf a batayll to kynge Henry the fourth thrughe the fals and wicked coū¦seyll of syre Thomas Percy hys 〈◊〉〈◊〉 erle of worcestre / and there was syr hen¦ry Percy slayne & y^• moste parte of his pe¦ple in y^• felde / and syre Thomas Percy taken and kept fast in holde two dayes tyll the kynge hadde sette in rest his peo∣ple

on both sydes / And thā syr Thomas Percy was Iuged to y^• dethe to be draw¦en & hanged and his heed smyten of for his fals treason at Shrowesbury & hys heed brought to London and set on Lō∣don brydge. And the other people y^t there was slayne on bothe partyes the kynge leete bury. And there was slayne on the kynges syde in y^t batayll y^e erle of Staf¦forde & syr walter Blunte in the kynges cote armure vnder the kyng{is} baner and many mo worthy men vpon whos soule god haue mercy Amen. ¶And in y^• four¦th yere of kynge Henryes regne came y^e Emperoure of Constantynople w^t ma¦ny greate solaes and knyghtes and mo¦che other people of his countre into En¦glonde to kynge Henry with hym to spe¦ke & to dyspoite and to se y^• good gouer¦naūce & condycyons of our people & too knowe y^• cōmodytees of Englonde. and our kynge with all his lordes goodly & worshypfully receyued & welcomed him & all his menye y^t came with hym & dyd hym all the worshyp that they coude & myght. And anone y^e kynge ••mmaūded all maner offycers that he sholde be ser¦ued as worthely and ryally as it longed to suche a worthy lorde. & Emperour on his owne cost as longe as the Emperour was in Englonde and all his men that came with hym. ¶And in this same ye¦re came dame Iane the duches of Bry¦t ayne into Englonde and londed at fal¦lemouthe in Cornewayle & frome thens she was brought to y^• cyte of wynchestre & there she was wedded vnto kynge Hē¦ry the fourth in the abbaye of sayntswy¦thynes of wynchestre w^t all the solempni¦te y^t myght be done & made. And sone af¦terwarde she was brought frome thens to London. And the mayer & the alder∣men w^t the comunes of the cyte of Lon¦don rode ayenst hyr & welcomed hir & brought hir thrugh y^• cyte of London to westmȳster & there she was crowned que¦ne of Englonde & there y^e kynge made a ryall and solempne feest for hyr & for all maner of men that thyder wold com ¶And in this same yere dame Blaūch the eldest daughter of kynge Henry the fourth was sent ouer see with the erle of Somerset hir vncle & with mayster Ry¦charde Clyfforde than bysshop of worce¦stre & with many other lordes knyghtes ladyes & worthy squyres as longed to su¦che a kynges doughter and came in too Colayne. And thyder came the dukes so¦ne of Barre with a fayr menye & recey¦ued this worthy lady / and y^• bysshop of worcestre wedded & sacred theym togy∣der as holy chyrche it wolde. And there was made a ryall feest & a grete Iustin ge in the reuerence and worshyp of them & all people y^t thyder came And whanne this maryage & fest was done the erle & the bysshop & all theyr menye toke theyr leue of the lorde & the lady & came home ayen into Englonde in saufte thanked be god. ¶And in the .v. yere of kyng Hē¦ryes regne the lorde Thomas his sone went ouer see & y^• erle of Kent and ma∣ny other lordes and kuyghtes with men of armes & archers a greate nombre to chastyse the rebelles that afore had done moche harme to our Englysshmen and marchauntes / & to many townes & por¦tes in Englonde on y^• see costes. And the lorde Thomas the kynges sone came in to Flaūdres before a towne y^t is called / Scluse amonge all y^• shyppes of dyuers nacyons y^t were there / & after there they roden with theyr shyppes amonge them & went on londe & sported thē there two dayes & came ayen to theyr shyppes & toke y^e brode see & there they mette with thre Carackes of Iene y^t were ladē with dyuerse marchaūdyse & well manned. & they foughte togyder longe tyme but the Englysshmen had the vyctory & brou∣ght the Carackes into the Cambre befo¦re wynchelse and there they canted these goodes / and one of these Carackes was sodaynly brent there. And the lordes and

theyr people torned theym home. ayen & wente noo further at that tyme. ¶And the same tyme Serle yoman of kyng Ry¦chardes robbes came in too Englonde out of Scotlonde and tolde too dyuerse people that kynge Rycharde was on ly¦ue in Scotlonde & so moche people byle¦ued in his wordes / wherfore a grete par¦te of the people of the reame were in gre¦te errour & grutchynge ayenst the kynge thrugh informacyon of lyes & fals les ȳ∣ges that this Serle had made. For mo∣che people trusted & byleued in his sayē¦ge. But at the last he was taken in the North coūtre & therby lawe Iuged to be drawen thrugh euery cyte & good burgh townes in Englonde & so he was serued & at the last he was brought to London vnto y^• gylde halle before y^• Iustyce and there he was Iuged for to be brought to the Tour of London & there to be layd on an hurdell & than to be drawen thru¦ghe y^• cyte of London to Tyburne and there to be hanged & than quartred and his heed smyten of & seton London brid¦ge & his quarters to be sent to foure go¦de townes of Englonde & there sette vp & thus ended he for his fals treason and decessed. ¶And in the .vi. yere of kynge Henryes regne y^• fourth. the erle of Mar¦re of Scotlonde by saufe conduyt come into Englonde to chalenge syr Edmon¦de erle of Kente too certayne courses of warre on horsback. And soo this chalen¦ge was accepted & graūted & the place ta¦ken in smythfelde at London. & this erle of Marre y^• Scott came proudly in to y^• felde as his chalenge asked. And anone came the erle of Kent & rode vnto y^• scot & manly rode togyder w^t sharpe speres dyuerse courses / but y^• erle of Kente had the felde and gate hym moche worshyp and thanke of all manere men for hys manfull dedes. ¶And in the .vii. yere of kynge Henryes regne the fourth syr Ry¦charde. Scrop Archebysshop of yorke & the erle Marchall of Englonde gadred vnto theym a stronge power ayenst kin¦ge Henry. And the kynge herynge therof in all the haste that he myght came w^t his power Northwarde and mette with them at yorke / and there were these two lordes taken and brought to the kynge / And anone the Iuges were sette & these two lordes brought forth and there they were dampned vnto dethe & bothe their heedes smyten of & there they made an ende on whos soules god for his pyte ha¦ue mercy Amen. ¶And whan this was done the kynge came too London ayen and there rested hym. Anone god of his g••eate goodnesse wroughte and shewed many greate myracles for this worthy clerke Archebysshop of yorke that thus was done to dethe. ¶And in the .vii. ye∣re of kynge Henryes regne dame Lu••e the dukes syster of Melayne came in to Englonde & so too London & there was wedded to syr Edmonde erle of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in the pryory of saynt Marye oueres in southwarke with moche solempnyte & greate worshyp / The kynge was there. hymselfe & gaf hir at y^• chirche do••e and whan y^t they were wedded & masse was done y^• kynge his owne persone brought & ladde this worthy lady into y^• bysshoops place of wynchestre & there was a won∣der greate feest holden to all mane••e of people y^t wolde come. And the same yere sir Robert Knolles knyzt a worth•• war¦ryour deyed at his maner in Northfolk & frome thens he was brought to Londō on a hors bere with moche torche lyghte & so he was brought vnto the white fre¦res in Fletstrete & there was do & made for hym a solempne feest & a ryall ente¦rement for tho that thyder wolde come•• both ryche & pore & there lyeth buryed by dame Constance his wyfe in the mydde of the body of the chirche on whos sou∣le god for his pyte haue mercy / Amen / ¶ And thus in this same yere syr Tho¦mas Rampston knyght & Constable of the Toure of London was drenched at

London brydge as he came fro westmȳ¦ster Inwardes to the Toure in a barge and all thrugh lewdenesse. And in the same yere dame Phylip the yonger dou¦ghter of kynge Henry was ladde ouer se with syr Rycharde the dukes brother of yorke and syr Edmonde Courteney bys shop of Norwiche & many other lordes knyghtes & squyres ladyes & gentylwo¦men that apperteyned to suche a kynges doughter & came in to Denmarke / and the kynge receyued this worthy lady for his wyfe / & welcomed these worthy lord{is} and dyd vnto theym moche worshyp / & they were brought vnto a towne y^• was called London in Denmarke and there was thys lady wedded and sacred to the kynge of Denmarke Norway and Swi¦then & there was crowned quene of Dē∣marke with moche solempnyte and the¦re was made a ryall fest. And whan this feest and maryage was done and ended these lordes and ladyes toke theyr leue of the kynge and the quene and came a∣yen in to Englonde ins aufte thanked be god. ¶And in the .viii yere of kyng Hen¦ryes regne there was a man that was cal¦led y^r walsshe clerke / & he apelyd a kny¦ghte y^t was called syr Percyuale Snow∣done of treason / & there they were Ioy∣ned to fyght vnto the vtteraūce within / Lystes / & the daye and place & tyme as∣sygned and lymytted to be done & ended in smythfelde / atte the whiche daye tho two persones camen into the felde and foughten sore & myghtely togyder / but at the laste the knyght ouercome y^• cler¦ke & made hym yelde hym as recreaūt of his fals enpechement y^• he had sayd on hȳ / & thā was he dyspoyled of his armu¦re & drawen out of y^• felde to Tyburne & there he was hanged & y^• knyght taken to grace & was a goode man. ¶And in y^• same yere the erle of Northumberlond and the Lorde Bardolfe camen out•• of Scotlonde in preiudyce and destruccyon of kynge Henry / wherfore they of y^• Nor¦the countree arosen vpon theym & fough¦ren with them & scomfyted them and to¦ke theym and smoten of they•• hedes & quartred theyr bodyes and sent the hede of the erle & a quarter of the lorde Bar¦dolf to London and there they were set vpon London brydge for fals treason y^t they hadde purposed ayenst the kynge / ¶ And in the .ix. yere of kynge Henryes regne was syr Edmonde Holonde Erle of Kent made Amerall of Englonde for to kepe the see / and he wente too the see with many ryall shyppes that were full welle arayed and enparelled and enar∣med with many a goode man of armes and archers and of good defence of war¦re in the kynges name of Englonde / & so he londed at the last in y^• coste of Bry¦tayne in y^• yle of Bryak with all his fol¦ke / & he besyeged y^• castell & assauted it & they withstode hym with grete defence & thengthe. And anone he layd his ordi¦naunce / & in the lyenge of a gonne there come a quarell & smote the good erle Ed¦monde in the heed & there he caught his deed wounde / but yet they lefte not tyll that they hadde goten the castell and al that were therin. And there this goode lorde deyed on whos sonle god haue mer¦cy Amen. And than this menye came ho¦me ayen in to Englonde with the erles body & was buryed amonges his aūcest res ryght worthely. ¶And in y^• same ye re was a greate frost in Englonde y^• du∣••ed. xv. wekes longe•• ¶And in y^• .x. yere of kynge Henryes regne the fourthe ca∣me y^• Seneschall of Henaude with other menye in Englonde too seke auentures and to gete hym worshyp in dedes of ar¦mes bothe on horsback and on foote a•• all maner poyntes of warre. And the se¦neschall chalenged the erle of Somerset & the erle delyuered hym fulle manfully of all his chalenges and put his aduer∣sary vnto the worst in all poyntes & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ne hym there grete worshyp and y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of the felde. And on the next daye after

came in to the felde an other man of ar∣mes of y^• Seneschals partye. And ayenst hym came syre Rycharde of Arundell / knyghte / and the Henaude had the bet∣ter of hym on foot in one poynte for he brought hym on his knee. And on y^• thyr¦de daye come in an other man of armes in too the felde / and ayenste hym there came syr Iohn̄ Cornewayll knyght and manly and knyghtly he quyte hym in all maner poyntes ayenste his aduersary & had y^• better in the felde. And on y^• four¦the daye come a nother man of armes of Henaude in too the felde / and ayenste hym came syr Iohn̄ Chaynes sone and manly quyte hym ayenst his aduersary For he caste hors and man into the fel∣de / and the kynge for his manhode atte that tyme dubbed hym knyghte. And on the fyfte daye there came an other mau¦of armes of the Henaudes partye in too the felde / and to hym came in syr Io∣han stewarde knyght / and manfully he quyte hym in all maner poyntes & had the better. And on the syxthe daye after came an other Henaude / and to hym ca¦me wyllyam porter squyre & manfullye he quyte hym and hadde the better in y^• felde / and the kynge dubbed hym kny∣ghte that same tyme / And on the seuen the daye after came an other man of ar¦mes of Henaude in too y^• felde / and too hym came Iohan standysshe squyre and manfully he quyte hym on his aduersa¦rye and had y^e better of hym in the felde and there the kynge dubbed hym kuyght that same daye / And on the same daye came an other man of armes of Henau de / and to hym came a squyre of Gas∣coyne / and proudely and manly he quy∣te hym of his aduersary and had the bet¦ter of hym in y^• felde / & anone y^• kynge dubbed hym knyght / And on y^• .viii. day came in to the felde two other men of armes of Henaude / and with them met¦te two souldyours of Calays the which were two bretheren y^• were called Bur∣ghes / & they well and manly quyte them selfe vppon theyr aduersaryes and had∣den the better of theym in y^• felde / and thus ended these chalenges with many greate worshyppes / And thenne y^• kyn¦ge at the reuerence of these worthy straū¦gers made a greate feeste and gaaf vn∣to theym many greate and ryche gyftes and thenne they token theyr leue and wente home ayen into theyr owne coun∣trer. ¶And in the .xi. yere of kynge Hen¦ryes regne the fourthe / there was a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 batayll doo in smythfelde bytwene two squyres / that one was called Gloucest••e that was the appellaunte, and A••thur was the defendaunte and well and ••••••ly they foughten togyder longe tyme and the kynge for theyr manfulnesse •• of his grace toke theyr quarellinto 〈◊〉〈◊〉 honde and made theym too goo oute of the felde atte ones and soo they were d∣uyded of the batayll and the kynge gaf them grace. ¶And in the .xii. yere of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Henryes regne y^• fourth. Rysd••e a squi¦re of wales y^t was a rybelle a ryse•• •• sup¦porter to Owen of Glendre y^• dyd mo∣che destruccōn to y^• people of wales was taken & brought to Londō & there he ca¦me afore y^• Iustic•• & was dampned for his treson / & than he was layd on an hur¦dell & so drawen to Tyburne thrughe y^• cyte & there he was hanged & lete downe ayen & his heed smyten of & y^• body quar¦tred & sent vnto four townes & his bede set on Londō brydge. ¶And in y^• .xiii. ye¦re of kinge Henryes regne t••o deyed syr Iohan Beauforde erle of Somersette. that was Captaynt of Calays & was buryed atte y^• abbaye of y^• Tour byll on whos soule god haue mercy amen. And in the same yere the lorde Thomas kin¦ge Henry••s sone wedded the Countesse / of Somerset. ¶And in this same yere ca¦me the enbassat••urs of Fraūce into En¦glonde frome the duke of Burgoyne vn¦too the prynce of Englonde kynge Hen¦ryes sone and heyre for to haue helpe &

socour of men of armes and archers a¦yenste the duke of Orlyaunce. And tho went oner see y^• erle of Arūdell. si•• Gyl¦berte Vmfreuyll erle of Keme / & the lor¦de Cobham syr Iohn̄ Oldecastell & ma¦ny other good knyghtes & worthy squy¦res & men of armes & good archers into Fraūce and came to Parys to y^• duke of Burgoyn. And there he receyued & wel∣comed these Englysshmen the lordes & all other meny. And thann it was done hym to mete that the duke of Orlyaūce was comen into Semtclowe faste by Pa¦rys with a greate nombre of armes and arbalastres / & thyder went our Englys∣shmen and fought with them & gate y^• brydge of Semtclowe & there they slew moche people of Frensshmen & arbalas¦tres & the remenaūt fledde & wolde not lenger abyde. And than oure Englysshe men came ayen to Parys & there they to¦ke theyr leue of y^e duke & came ayen in to Englonde in saufte & the duke gaaf theym grete gyftes / & anone folowynge the duke of Orlyaūce sent enbassatours in Englonde to kynge Henry the fourth besechynge hym of his helpe & socoure / ayenst his dedely enemye y^• duke of Bur¦goyn. And than the kynge made Tho¦mas his sone duke of Clarence. and his other sone Iohn̄ duke of Bedforde / and his other sone Humfrey duke of Glou∣cestre & syr Thomas Beauford erle of Dorset & the duke of Awemarle he ma¦de duke of yorke. And than the kyng or deyned his sone syr Thomas the duke of Clarence Thomas Beauford erle of Dorset & syr Iohn̄ Cornwyll with ma∣ny other lordes knyghtes & squyres and men of armes archers for to go ouer se in to Fraunce in helpynge and strenge∣thynge of the duke of Orlyaunce. And these worthy lordes with theyre retenue shypped at Hampton and saylled ouere the see in to Normandye and londed at Hogges. And there mette with theym y^• sorde Hamble at theyr lōdynge with .vii thousande men of armes of Frensshmen & thre Sergeauntes of armes with thē and all were put to flyght and taken of theym .vii. hondred men of armes and iiii. hondred horses with out tho that we¦re slayne in the felde: And soo they rode forth thrugh out all Fraunce and token castels and townes and slewe moche pe∣ple of Frensshmen that withstode them and toke many prysoners as they roden And so they passed forth tylle they come to Burdeux & there they rested theym a whyle & set the coūtre in peas & rested tyl the wynde was redy for to sayll. ¶And than y^• duke w^t his menye come home in to Englonde in saufte thanked be god / And in the same yere was y^• byng{is} coyn chaunged thrugh oute Englonde by the kynge & his coūseyll / y^t is to saye the no¦ble half noble and ferthynge of golde / ¶ And the .xiiii. yere of kynge Henryes regne the fourthe he lete make Galays of warre for he had hoped to haue passed the greate see & so forth to Iherusalem / & there to haue ended his lyfe / but god vi¦syted hym so sone after w^t Infyrmitees & grete sekenesse y^t he myght not well en¦dure no while so feruently he was takē & brought in bedde at westmynster in a fayr chambre. And as he laye in his bed he asked his chamberlayn what they cal¦led y^t chambre y^t he laye in and he answe¦red & sayd Iherusalem. And than he sa¦yd y^t y^e prophecye sayd y^t he sholde make an ende & deye in Iherusalem. And thā he made hym redy vnto god & dysposed all his wyll. And soon after he deyed & was caryed by water frome westmynster in a barge vnto Feuersham / and frome thens he was caryed to Caūterbury by londe with moche torche lyght brennȳge in too the abbaye of Crychyrche and there he was entered and buryed besyde saynt Thomas of Caūterburyes shry∣ne & thus ended y^• worthy kynge Henry aboute mydlenten sondaye in the yere of oure lorde a .M.CCCC. and .xxi. vpon

whos soule god haue mercy. Amen.

MArtyn the .v. was pope after Io¦han. xiii. yere / this man was cho¦sen by the coūseyll of Constantynoble & the other was deposed that stroff. and so came peas in the chirche the whiche lon¦ge tyme afore was desyred & necessarye for y^• defence of the fayth. This was the myghtyest pope y^t euer was of rychesse / & a greate Iuge. he edefyed townes wal¦les stretes & he destroyed heresyes / & he dyd moche good thrugh the noble pryn¦ce Sygysmonde. And he gadred moche moneye for to geten y^• holy londe ayen / but dethe came vpon hym & letted hym & he made a coūseyll afore his dethe for y^t mater & there he decessyd. ¶Eugeni¦us was pope after Martyn .xvii. yere / this Eugenius was chosen peasyble aft the dethe of Martyn / & no man doubted but he was pope / but soon after he was expulsed frome Rome / for it was soo y^t he fled naked also he was cyted to y^• coū¦seyll of Basylyens & deposed / but he dys¦charged hym not / & for y^t began y^e stryffe ayen y^• whiche stood to his dethe. & those y^t fauoured hym sayd he was worth mo¦che louynge / & the contrary sayd those y^t were ayenste hym but what someuer he was after he had taken y^e dygnyte vpon hym afore he was of grete obstynaūce & of gode fame. & what he dyd after y^t Ile¦ue to the Iugement of god.

¶Circa Annū dm̄. .M.CCCC.xxi.

¶Of kynge Henry the fyfte that was kynge Henryes sone.

ANd after the deth of kynge Hen¦ry the fourth regned kynge Hen¦ry his sone that was borne at Monmou¦the in wales that was a worthy kynge & a gracyous man and a grete conquerour ¶And in the fyrste yere of his regne for grete loue & goodnesse he sent to the fre∣res of Langley there as his fader had do burye kynge Rycharde the seconde & lete take his body out of the erthe ayen and dyd brynge it to westmynster in a ryall chare couered w^t blacke veluet & baners of dyuerse armes abowte & all the hors drawyng the chare were trapped in blac¦ke & beten with dyuerse armes / & many a torche brennȳge by all the waye 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he came to westmynster / & there he lett ma¦ke for hym a ryall & solempne enteremē¦te and buryed hym by quene Anne hys wyfe as his owne desyre was on ••••••ther syde of saynt Edwardes 〈…〉〈…〉 the abbaye of saynt Peters in westmin∣ster on whos soule god haue mer•••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ¶And in this same yere were 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of lollers taken and fals heretykes that had purposed thrughe fals ••••eason 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to haue slayne oure kynge and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 destroyed all the clergye of the reame and they myght haue had ther•• fals pur∣pose. But our lorde god wold not 〈◊〉〈◊〉 / for in hast oure kynge had warnynge therof & of all their fals ordynaū 〈◊〉〈◊〉 wer¦kynge & came sodeynly with his power to saynt Iohn̄s w^t out smythfelde & and ne they toke a certayn of y^t lollers •• fals herytykes & brought the too the kynges presence / & there they tolde all the•• fals purpose and ordynaūce how they wolde haue do and wrought y•• they myght na¦ue regned and had theyr wyll and there they tolde whiche were theyr capytayns & gouernours & than the kynge cōmaū¦ded theym to the tour of London & th•• toke mo too theym both within y^• cyte & w^t out & sent them to Newgate & to bo∣the coūters & than they were brought in examycō•• before the clergye & the king{is} Iustices & there they were conuyeted for theyr fals heresye & dampned before the Iustice for theyr fals treason. And thys was theyr iugemē•• y^t they shold be draw¦en frome y^• tour of London to saynt Gy¦lys

felde and there to be hanged & brente on y^• galowes. Also there was taken syr Roger Acton knyght for heresye and el•••• for treason ayenst the kynge and the rea¦me / & he came afore y^• clergye & was cō¦uycte for his heresye & dampned before y^• Iustyce to be drawen frome the toure of London thrugh the cyte to laynt Gylys and to be hanged & brent. ¶And in the seconde yere of kynge Henryes regne the fyft he helde a counseyll of all the lord{is} of the reame at westmyster and there he put hym this demaūde and prayed and besought them of theyr goodnesse and of theyr gode coūseyll & gode wyll to shew hym as touchynge the tytle of the ryght that he had to Normandye Gascoyne & Guyhen the whiche the kynge of Fraū¦ce withelde wrongfully & vnryghtfully / the whiche his aūcestres before hym had by trewe tytle of conquest & ryght hery∣tage / the whiche Normandye Gascoyn & Guyhen the good kynge Edwarde of wyndesore & his aūcestres before hȳ had holden all theyr lyues tyme. And his lor¦des gaaf hym coūseyll to sende enbassa¦tours vnto the kynge of Fraunce & hys counseyll that he sholde gyue vp vnto hȳ his ryght herytage y^t is to saye Normā dye Gascoyne & Guyhen the which his predecessours had holden afore hym or els he wolde it wynne with strengthe of swerde in shorte tyme with the helpe of almyghty god. ¶And than y^• Dolphyn of Fraūce answered to our enbassatours and sayd in this maner that the kynge was ouer yonge & too tendre of aege for to make ony warre as ayenste hym and was not lyke yet to be a good warryour to do and make suche a conqueste there vpon hym. And somwhat in scorne and despyte he sente too hym a toune full of tenes balles bycause he wolde haue som¦what for to playe with all for hym and for his lordes / for y^t wolde become hym better than for to mayntene ony warre ¶And than anone oure lordes that we∣re enbassatours toke theyr leue and ca∣me in to Englonde ayen & tolde the kin¦ge & his counseyll of y^• vngoodly answe¦re that they had of the Dolphyn / and of the present y^• whiche he had sent too oure kynge. ¶And whan the kynge had her¦de theyr wordes and the answere of the Dolphyn he was wonder sore agreued & ryght euyll apayed towarde the Frenssh¦men & towarde the kynge and the Dol∣phyn / & thought to auenge hym on them as sone as god wolde sende hym gace & myght / and anone lete make tenes ••al∣les for the Dolphyn in all the hast that myght be / and they were greate gon sto¦nes for the Dolphyn to playe with all / And than anone the kynge sent for all his lordes and helde a greate counseyll at westmynster and tolde vnto them the an swere y^• they had of y^• Dosphyn and of his worthy present y^t he sent to hym and to his lordes to playe with all. And ther the kynge and his lordes were accorded that they shold be redy in armes w^t ther power in y^• best araye y^t myght be done / and gete men of armes & archers y^t my∣ght be goten & all other stuff that longed to warre and to be redy w^t all theyr rete¦nue to mete at Southampon by Lam∣masse next folowyng without ony delay. wherfore the kynge ordeyned his nauye of shyppes with all maner stuffe & vyta¦yll that longed to suche a wartyoure of all maner ordeynaunce in the hauen of Southampton in to the nombre of. CC C. and .xx. saylles. And than felle ther a greate dysease and a foule mychef / for there were thre lordes whiche y^• the kyng trusted moche on / & thrugh fals couetyse they had purposed and ymagyned y^• kȳ¦ges dethe & thought to haue slayne him & all his bretherne or he had taken y^• see the whiche thre lordes were named th••••s¦lir Rychard erle of Cambrydg b••det to y^• duke of yorke / y^e seconde was the lorde Scrop tresourer of Englonde / the thyr¦de was syr Thomas Gray knyghte of

the North countree. And these thre lor∣des afore sayd for lucre of money hadde made a promesse vnto the Frensshe men for to haue slayne kynge Henry the fyft & all his brethern by a fals trayne soda¦ynly or they hadde be ware. But god al¦myghty helde his holy honde ouer them and saued them frome these peryllous menye. And for too haue done this they receyued of the Frensshmen a Myllyon of golde / and y^t was there openly know¦en / and for theyr fals treason they were all thre Iuged vnto the dethe / and this was the Iugement y^• they sholde be lad¦de thrugh Hampton & withoute North gate there to be heded / & thus they ended theyr lyues for theyr false couetyse and treason / And anone as this was done y^• kynge and all his menye made them re¦dy and went to shyppes & saylled forthe with .xv. hondred shxppes and aryued w^t in Seyn at Kydecause vpon our ladyes euen the Assumpcyon in Normandye w^t all his ordynaunce. And soo wente hym forth to Harflet & he besyeged the towne all abowte by londe and elre by water & sent to the Capytayne of the towne and charged hym to delyuer the towne. And the Capytayne sayd that he wolde dely¦uer hym none / ne none he wold hym yel∣de / but badde hym do his best. And than our kynge layd his ordynaunce vnto y^• towne / that is for to saye Gonnes En∣gynnes & trypgettes & shotten & caste at the walles & eke vnto the towne / & caste downe bothe towres and towne and layd theym vnto the erthe / and there he played at the tentes with his harde gon∣stones. ¶And they that were within the towne whan they sholde playe theyr son¦ge was well awaye & alas y^t euer suche tenes balles were made / & cursyd all tho y^• warre began & y^• tyme y^t euer they we¦re borne. ¶And on the morne the kynge dyd crye at euery gate of the towne that euery man sholde be redy on the morne¦erly to make assaute vnto y^• towne. And Wyllyam Boucher & Iohn Graunte with .xii. other burgeys worthy men ca∣me to the kynge & be sought hym of his ryall pryncehode & power to with draw his malyce & destruccyon y^t he dyd to thē & besought hym of .viii. dayes of respyte & trewes yf ony rescowe myght come to theym / & els to yelde vp y^• towne vnto hȳ with all theyr goodes / & shan the kyng senf forth y^• Capytayne & kept y^• reme∣naūt styll w^t hym & the lorde Gauco••••e y^t was Capytayne or y^• towne went forth to Royn in all y^e haste vnto the Dolphȳ for helpe & socour but there was none n•• no man of rescowe / for y^• Dolphyn wol¦de not abyde. And thus this Cap••tayne come ayen vnto the kynge and yelded vp the towne and delyuered hrm the keyes and hadde hym go & putte out all y^• fren¦sshmen both men women and chyldren & stuff his towne of Harflet with En∣glysshe people. And than the kynge sent into Englonde and dyd crye in euery go de towne of Englonde that what 〈◊〉〈◊〉 man wolde come thyder and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hym there in that towne he sholde haue house and housholde to hym and to hys heyres for euer more. And so th••de•••••• many dyuerse marchauntes and ••••••••men and enhabyte theym there to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the towne and were welcome. ¶And whan the kynge sawe y^• this towne was well stuffed bothe of vytayls & of men this worthy prynce toke his leue & went to Lalays warde by londe / & the frenssh men herde of his comynge they thought for to haue stopped hym his were that he sholde not passe that waye and in all the hast that they myghte b••al••en all the brydges where that as ony passage was for hors and man in soo moche that the remyghte noo man passe ouere the Ry¦uers nothere on horse ne foote but yf he sholde haue be drenchyd / And therfore oure kynge w^t all his people wente and sough this way fer vp to parys warde & there was all the ryall power of Fraū¦ce

assembled and redy to gyue hym ba∣tayll and for to dystroye all his people / But almyghty god was his guyde and saued hym and all his menye & defen∣ded hym of his enmyes power & purpo¦se thanked be god y^• saued soo his owne knyghte & kynge in his ryghtfull tytle / ¶ And than our kynge beholdynge and seynge the grete multytude & nombre of his enmyes to withstande his waye & gy¦ue hym batayll / than the kynge with a meke herte & a good spyryte lyfte vp his hondes to almyghty god and besoughte hym of his helpe and socoure and that daye to saue his trewe seruauntes And than our kynge gadred all his lordes & other people aboute & bad them all to be of gode chere / for they sholde haue a fay¦re daye & a gracyous vyctorye & the bet∣ter of all theyr enemyes / & prayed them all to make thē redy vnto y^• batayll. for he wolde rather be deed y^t daye in y^• felde. than to be takē of his enmyes for he wol¦de neuer put the reame of Englonde to raūsome for his persone. ¶And the duke of yorke fell on his knes & besought the kynge of a bone that he wolde graunte hym that daye y^• auaūtwarde in his ba¦tayll / & the kynge graūted hym his as∣kynge & sayd / gramercy cosyn of yorke & prayed hym too make hym redy. And than he bad euery man to ordeyne hym a stake of tree & sharpe both endes y^• the stake myght be pyght in y^e erthe a slope that theyr enemyes sholde not ouercome theym on horsbacke for y^t was ther fals purpose & arayed them for too ouer ryde our menye sodaynly at the fyrst comyn¦ge on of them at y^• fyrst brunte. And all the nyght before y^• batayll. the Frensshe men made many greate fyers & moche reuell with howtyng & showtynge & pla¦yd our kynge & his lordes at y^• dyse / and an archer alwaye for a blanke of theyre moneye / for they wende that all had ben theyrs / the morne arose the daye ganne sprynge / And the kynge by goode auyse lete araye his batayll and his wynges & charged euery man to kepe them hole to gyder & prayed them all to be of goode chere. And whan they were redy he asked what tyme of the day it was & they sayd pryme. Than sayd our kynge nowe it is good tyme for all Englonde prayed for vs / & therfore be of good chere & lete vs go to out Iourney. And thanne he sayd with••an hygh voys in the name of almy¦ghty god & saynt George auaūte Ba∣ner & saynt George this daye thyn hel∣pe. ¶And than this Frensshemen came pryckynge downe as they wolde haue o¦uer ryden all onre menye / but god & our archers made them ryght sone too stom∣ble / for our archers shote neuer arowe a∣mysse but it perysshed & brought vnto y^• grounde bothe hors & man / for they sho¦te that daye for a wager / And our stakes made theym toppe ouer terue eche one o¦uer other that they laye on hepes twoo speres lenthe of hyghte / And oure kyn∣ge with his menye and with his men of armes and archers that sthacked on thē soo thycke with arowes & layd on with staues and oure kynge with his hondes foughte manly that daye. And thus god almyghty & saynt George brought our enmyes to groūde & gaf vs that day the vyctory. There were slayne of Frenssh¦men y^• daye in the felde of Agyngcourt mo than .xi. thousande w^t out prysoners y^• were taken / & there were nombred y^• daye of Frensshmen in y^e felde mo than syx score thousāde. but god y^• day faught for vs / And after came there tydynges to oure kynge that there was a newe ba¦taylle of Frensshmen ordeyned redy for to stele on hym on came towardes hym ¶And anone oure kynge lette crye that euery man sholde doo sle his prysoners that he hadde taken / and anone to ma∣ke theym ayen redy for to fyghte wyth the Frensshe men / And whan thei sawe that oure men kylled downe theyr pry∣soneres thanne they dyde wythdrawe /

them and brake theyr batayll & all their araye. And thus our kynge as a worthy conquerour had that daye the vyctory in the felde of Agyngcourte in Pycardye / And than our kynge reforned ayen ther that the batayll was for to see what peo¦ple were slayne of Englysshmen / and if ony were hurte that they myghte be hol¦pen. And there were dede in the felde the duke of Barrye y^• duke of Alaūsome y^• duke of Braban y^•erle of Nauerne chy ef Censtable of Fraūce / & .viii. erles & y^e Archebysshop of Saūce / & of gode barōs an hondred and moo / & of worthy kny∣tes of greate alyaūce of cote armures a thousande & .v. hondred. And so of En∣glysshmen was deed that daye the good duke of yorke and the erle of Southfol¦ke / and of all other Englysshmen there were not deed passȳge .xxvi. bodyes thā¦ked be god. And this batayll was on a frydaye whiche was saynt Cryspyne & Cryspynyanes daye in the monethe of Octobre / and anone the kynge commaū¦ded to bury them and the duke of yorke to be caryed forth with hym and the erle of Southfolke. And there were prysone¦res the duke of Orlyaūce y^• duke of Bur¦bon the erle of Vendome the erle of ewe the erle of Rychemonde & syre Bursy∣gaūt Marchall of Fraūce & many other worthy lordes were taken there in thys batayll of Agyngcourt & were brought vnto the towne of Calays & so ouer the see with y^e kynge into Englonde & lan∣ded at Douer in Kent with all his pry∣soners in saufte thanked be god almy∣ghty / and so came to Caunterbury and offred at saynt Thomas shryne & so he rode forth thrugh y^• countre of Kent the next waye vnto Eltham & there he rest¦ted tyll that he wolde come to London. And than y^• mayer of London & the al¦dermen shreues / with all the worthy co∣muners and craftes came to the blacke hethe well and worthely arayed / for too welcome our kynge with dyuerse melo∣dyes / & thanked almyghty god of hys gracyous vyctory y^• he shewed for hym / And so the kynge & his prysoners passed forth by theym tyll he came to saynt tho¦mas waterynge / & there met with hym all relygyous men with processyon and welcomed hym & so y^• kynge came rydin¦ge w^t his prysoners thrugh y^• cyte of Lō¦don where y^• them was shewed many a fayre fyght at all y^• conduytes & at the crosse in chepe as in heuenly araye of an¦gelles ar chaūgelles patrya••kes prophe¦tes & virgynes w^t dyuerse melodyes sen∣synge & syngynge to welcome y^• kyng & all y^e conduytes rennynge w^t wyne & the kynge passed forth to saynt Poules and there met w^t hym .xiiii. bysshops all ••e∣uessed & mytred with sensers to welcome the kyng / & there they songe for his gra¦cyous vyctory Te deum laudamus. And there the kynge offred & toke his hors & rode to westmynster & than the mayer to¦ke his leue of the kynge and rode home ayen. ¶And in the thyrde yere of kynge Henryes regne y^• fyfth come the Empe∣roure of Almayne kynge of Rome and of Hungrye in to Englonde & so to the cyte of London. And the mayer & the al¦dermen with y^• shreues & worthy craftes of London by the kynges cōmaudement met with hym on the blacke heth in the best araye that they coude on 〈◊〉〈◊〉. And there they welcomed hym and brou¦ght hym vnto London with moche ho∣noure & greate reuerence. And at saynt. Thomas waterynge there met w^t hym the kynge with all his lordes in gode a∣raye. And there was a worthy metynge bytwene the Emperoure and kynge Hē¦ry the fyfth & there they kyssed togyder. & enb••aced eche other / and than y^• kyng toke the Emperoure by the honde & soo they came rydyng thrugh y^• cyte of Lō¦dō vnto saynt Poules & ther they alygh¦ted and offred and alle the bysshoppes stode reuesshed with sensers in theyr ••on¦des sensynge to theym. And than they

toke theyr horses and rode vnto westmȳ¦ster. And y^• kynge lodged the Emperour in his owne palays and there he rested hym a greate whiche & all at the kyng{is} coste. ¶And soone after came y^• duke of Hollonde in to Englonde to come and se there the Emperoure and to speke with hym and with our kynge Henry of En¦glonde. and he was worthyly receyued & lodged in the bysshops Inne of Ely & all at the kynges coste. ¶And whan y^• Em¦perour hadde well rested hym and seen the londe in dyuerse partyes and knewe the commodytees than by processe of ty∣me he toke his leue of the kynge / but or he yode he was made knyght of the gar¦ter and receyued and wered the lyueray And than he thanked the kynge and all his lordes. And than the kynge & he wen¦te ouer the see vnto Calays and aboden there longe tyme to haue an answere of the Frensshe kynge / and at the laste it ca¦me and pleased hym ryghte noughte / & so the Emperoure toke his leue of y^• kin¦ge and passed forth in goodes name. and our kynge came ouer ayen in to Englō¦de in all the hast that he myghte and y^• was on saynt Lucas euen y^• he came to Lambythe / and on y^• mondaye nexte he came in to the parleament at westmyn∣ster. ¶And in this same yere was a gre¦te derth of corn in Englonde / but than∣ked be god it lasted not longe.

ANd in the fourth•• yere of kynge Henryes regne the fyfth he held his parlemente at westmynster in y^• be∣gȳnynge of Octobre & last to y^• puryfy∣cacyon of our lady than nexe after. And there was graūted vnto hym to maynte¦ne his warres both of spyrytualtee & of tēporalte an hole taxe & a dyeme. & than anone y^• kynge prayed all his lordes too make them redy to strength hym in hys ryght. And anone he lete make a newe retenue and charged all his men to be re¦dy at Hampton in wytson weke thanne next after with out ony delaye. And the¦re the kynge made the duke of Bedford protectoure and defender of his reame of Englonde in his absence & charged hȳ to kepe his lawes and mayntene bothe spyrytuall and temporall. And whan y^• kynge had thus do & sette all thynge in his kynde. On saynt Markes daye he to¦ke his hors at westmynster & came rydȳ¦ge to Poules & there he offred & toke his leue / and so rode forthe thrugh the cyte takynge his leue of all maner of people as well pore as ryche praynge theym all in generall to praye for hym. And so he rode forth too saynt Georges & there of fred & toke his leue of y^• mayer chargin¦ge hym to kepe well his chambre. And so he rode forth to Hampton and ther abo¦de tyll his retenue were redy & comen for there was all his nauye & shyppes with his ordynaunce gadred togyder and well stuffed as longed to suche a ryall kyuge with all manere of vytayls for suche a ryall people as well for hors as for man as longed for suche a warryoure / y^t is to saye gōnes trypgytes engynes sowes bas¦tyles brydges of lether scalynge laddres malles & spades shoueles pyckes paueys bowes & arowes bowe strynges & ton∣nes chestes & pypes full of arowes as ne¦ded for suche a worthy warryour that no thynge was to seche whan tyme come / thyder came to hym shyppes laden with gōnes & gōpoudre. And whan this was redy & his retenue come the kynge & all his lordes with all his ryall hoost wente to shyp & toke y^• see & sayled in to Nor∣mandye & londed at Touke vpon Lam¦masse daye than next after / & there he ma¦de .xlviii. knyghtes at his londynge. and thanne the kynge herynge of many ene¦myes vppon the see / that is for to saye. ix. greate Carackes hulkes Galays & shyppes y^• were comynge to dystroye his nauye. And anone he commaunded the / erle of Marche to be chyef chyeftayne & many other worthy lordes with hym &

with men of armes & archers to go to y^• se that none enmyes defouled his nauye¦ne entred his londe in no partye for to dy¦stroble his vyagene his Iourney. And anone the erle toke his menye & went to shyp & scommed the see & kept the see cos¦tes y^• no manere of enmyes durste rowte vpon the see / and anone the kynge sente his heraudes vnto y^• Capytayn of Tou¦ke and charged hym for to delyuer him his castell and his towne and els he wol¦de neyther leue man ne chylde alyue. & anone the Capytuyne and foure othere burgeses of the towne broughte the ke∣yes to the kynge and besoughte hym of grace / And y^• kynge delyuerd the keyes to syr Iohn̄ Kykelay and made hym ca¦pytayne & cōmaūded hym for to put out all Frensshmen both of y^e castell and of y^• towne / And there besyde was y^• castell of Louers and thyder the kynge sente y^• erle Marchall with a fayre menye and assauted the towne / and anone it was yolden to the erle and broughte hym the keyes / and he broughte them to the kyn¦ge and the kynge toke them to hym ayē and made hym Capytayne of the castell of Louers & of all y^• longed therto / and charged hym to delyuer out all the Fren¦sshmen. And thanne the kynge helde for the his waye too Cane y^• was a stronge towne & a fayre & a ryall castell therin / & anone he sent his Heraudes to the Ca¦pytayne & charged hym to delyuer y^• tow¦ne & his castell or els he wolde gete thē with strength of honde. And they answe¦red & sayd y^t he toke them none too kepe ne none they wolde delyuere vnto hym / And so anone he layde his syege vnto y^• towne and layd gonnes on euery syde / and betetowne bothe walles and toures and slewe moche people in theyr houses and also in stretes. And the good duke of Clarence layde downe the walles on his syde vnto the bare grounde / And so with in a whyle the kynge by his counseylle assauted the towne all about. And ano∣ne the duke of Clarence was entred into the towne and slewe downe ryght tyll he come too the kynge and spared nothere man ne chylde / and euere they cryed a Clarence a Clarence and saynt George And there was deed on the walles on y^• kynges syde a worthy man y^• was called Sprynges y^• whiche the kynge cōmaun¦ded to be buryed in the abbaye of Cane¦fast by wyllyam conqueroure / on whos soule god haue mercy Amen. And than the kynge came into the towne with his broder y^• duke of Clarēce & many ot••er worthy lordes with moche solemp•••••••••• myrthe. And thanne the kynge com••••••••••∣ded the Capytayne for to delyuere 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his castell / and he besought the kynge to gyue hym .xiiii daye of respytey•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 cowe wolde come / & yf none wolde come to delyuer hym the keyes and the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 at his cōmaundemente. And vn••er this composycyon was the towne and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 castell of Bayous with other towne•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 tresses and vyllages in to the nomb•••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 xiiii. vpon the hylle before the castell 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Cane our kynge pyght all his tentes 〈◊〉〈◊〉 semed a towne as moche as the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 by that tyme came tydynges that non•• rescowe wolde come there. And so 〈◊〉〈◊〉 xiiii. dayes ende the Capytayne of y^• ca∣stell came out and delyuered the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the castell to oure kynge / & Bayous and the other .xiiii. townes were delyuered vn¦to hym also / & anone the kynge delyue∣red the keyes to the duke of Clarence & made hym Capytayne bothe of the tow¦ne and also of y^e castell / and made hym Capytayne of Bayours & of all the o∣ther townes also / And soo he entred the towne & y^• castell & there he helde saynt Georges feeste / and there he made .xv. knyght{is} of y^• bathe ther was syr Lowys Robert Salyn Chaynye Mougomerye & many other worthy men and y^• kynge commaūded them for to put out all the Frensshmen and women / and no man so hardy to defoule no woman ne take

no maner of good awaye frame theym but lette them passe in peas on payne of dethe. And there passed out of the towne in one daye mo than .xv. hondred womē And than the kynge lete stuffe the tow∣ne and castell with Englysshe men and ordeyned there two Capytayns that one for the towne and an other for y^e castell and charged them vpon theyr lyues too kepe well the towne and the castell. And or that oure kynge wente thens he gate Valeys Newelyn and layde a syege too Chyrburgh / and y^• seyge layde y^• duke of Gloucestre with a stronge power and a myghty / and by processe of tyme & ma∣de the a Capytayne of the same towne / ¶ And this same tyme the good erle of Warwyk layde a syege vnto Dounfrō¦te and gate if and put therin a Captay¦ne. And for to speke more of the erle of Marche that the kynge ordeyned tho for to scomme the se•• & to kepe the costes of Englonde for all maner of enemyes / y^e wynde arose vppon them that they wen¦de all to haue ben loste / but thrughe the grace of almyghty god & goode gouer∣naūce they rodden afore the yle of wyght all that storme. And there was loste two Carackes & two Balyngers with mar∣chaūdyse & other grete goodes & all y^e pe¦ple y^t were within theym / and an othere Caracke droke vp before Hampton and threwe his maste ouer the walles of the towne / and this was on saynt Bartho∣lomeus daye. And whan all this storme was cessed this worthy erle of Marche toke his shyppes with his menye & went to the see and londed in Normandye at Hogges and soo roden forth towardes y^• kynge / and euer as he came the Frenssh men fledde / And there came to them an¦thony pygge and folowed the hoost all the waye tyll they came to a grete water and there they dradde to haue be dren∣ched for the water closed them so y^• they myghte no where gete out. But atte the laste god almyghty & this pygge brou∣ght theym all sante onte / and there they caughte them a gyde y^• knewe all y^• coū¦tre about & he broughte them thrughe a quyckesande and so into an yle / & they toke many prysoners by the waye to war¦de the kynge in theyr Iourney / & so they camen vnto Cane. And there the kynge welcomed hym & toke his Iourney atte Argentun & anone tho it was yolden to the kynge and they had theyr lyues and wente theyr waye. And than our kynge remeued vnto a stronge towne that tho was called Cese / and there was alfayre mynster & they yelde it vp anone vnto y^• kynge. And than the kynge wente from thens to alaunsome & wan the towne & the brydge / and the kynge sente y^• erle of Warwyk to a towne that was called Be¦lesme with a grete & stronge power and anone they yelde it & put them all to the kynges grace & in his mercy / & soo dyde mauy stronge townes & castels that were in tho parties. And from thens they wen¦te to Veruyll in Perche. & anone it was yolden vnto the kynge bothe the towne and the castell and bodyes and goodes to the kynges good grace. and soo the kyn¦ge gate & conquered all the townes & ca¦stelles pyles strengthes and abbays vnto the cyte of rone. ¶And in y^• fyfth yere of kynge Henryes regne y^• fyfth / syr Iohn̄ Oldcastell y^• was the lorde cobham was arested for heresye and broughte vnto y^• Toure of london / & anone after he bra¦ke the Tour and went in to wales and there he kepte hym longe tyme. And at the laste the lorde powys toke hym / but he stode at grete defence longe tyme and was sore woūded or he wolde be takē & so the lorde Powys men broughte hym oute of Wales vnto London agayne in a whyrlcole and so he was broughte to Westmynster and ther••was examy∣ned of certayne poyntes that were put vpon hym / & he sayde not naye & soo he was conuycte of the clargye for his here¦sye / and dampned before the Iustyces vn¦too

the dethe for treaosn. And tha•••• he was ladde to the Toure ayen / and there he was layde on an hurdell and drawen thrugh the cyte too saynt Gyles felde & there was made a newe payre of galo∣••es and a stronge chayne and a coler of yren for hym and there he was hanged and brente on the galowes and all for his lewdenesse and his fals opynyons. /

ANd in the .vi. yere of kynge Hen¦ryes y^• fyfth. he sent his vncle sir Thomas Beauforde duke of Excester with a fayre menye of men of armes & archers beforethe cyte of Rone and the∣re dyspleyed his baner & sent herodes vn¦to the towne and badde them yelde that cyte vnto our kynge theyr lyege lorde•• & they sayde he toke them none to kepe ne none he sholde haue there but yf it were dere boughte & meued with theyr hondes for other answere wolde they none giue but gonnes. And there the duke toke go¦de auysemente of the grounde all about And anone there yssued out of the cyte a grette menye of men of armes bothe on horsback and on fote and anone our me¦nye met with them & ouerthrewe a grete hepe of them & there were taken & slay∣ne. xxx. persones of full ryght good men¦nes bodyes & the remenaunt fledde ayen in too the towne / & the duke wente vnto Pountlarge vntoo the kynge. and tolde hym all howe that he hadde spedde and howe that he lyked the grounde / ¶And anone as the duke was gone they cate downe all the subarbes aboute the Cy∣tee vntoo the harde grounde. for by cau∣se the kynge sholde there noo refresshyn¦ge haue at his comynge. And vpon the frydaye before lammasdaye than nexte folowynge / o••re kynge with his hooste came before Roone / and anone he sette his syege rounde aboute that Cyte / and anone he lete laye his ordynaunce vnto the towne. And the kynge w^t his lordes were lodged within t••e Chartre house and grete strengthe al oute theym and y^• was in the Eest party of the Cyte and than the duke of Cla••ence lodged hym with al his strengthe and power atte the Weste ende in a waste ••bba••e before the po••te Chanx. And the ••uke of E••cester with his menye in the Northe syde befo¦re the porte Beauuesy••. And bytwen•• y^• duke of Clarence and t••e duke of Er••e¦stre was the Erle Mar••hal lodged with moche people and a strange power befo¦re the castell gate. And thanne the erle of Ormonde with the ••nde Haryngton and alsoo the Lorde T••lb••t with the••re Retenue and compa••tye ne••te hym / And thanne syr Iohan Cornewayle w^t many other noble kyng••tes and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of name with all theyr ••tenue laye with the noble duke of Clare••ce. And than•••• frome the duke of Erce••••••r towardes y^• kynge were lodged the lorde Roos and the lorde Wylleby with the Lorde Phe∣hewe and syr Wyllyam ••orter knyghte w^t ther reter••••e before the porte of saynt Hyllary. And than was ••he erle of Mo∣tayne with his reter••••e lo••ged in the ••••baye of saynt Katherynes And the erle of Salesbury with his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 saye o•• that other syde of saynt Katherynes & syr Iohan Gray knyghte was lodged atte the abbaye that is called mounte du saynt Mychell. And ••yre Phylip Leche. knyghte the kynges tresou••er was lod∣ged bytwene the water of Sern and the abbaye and kepte the warde vnder the hylle / And the baron of Caro•••• was lodged vnder the water syde for too ke∣pe the passage / And Ieny•••• the squyre laye nexte hym on the water syde / and these two squyres kepte manly the wa∣ter of Seyn and fought with ther enmy¦es oft tymes. And on y^• other syde of▪ Se¦yn laye the erle of Hontyngdon & may∣ster Neuyll the erles sone of westmer••on¦de / and syre Gylbert Vmfreuyll erle of

Keme / and syr Rycharde erle of Arun∣dell & the lorde Feryers with theyr rete∣nue before porte du Poūte / & eche of the¦se lordes had stronge ordynaūce / and y^• kynge dyd make at Poūtlarge ouer the water of Seyn a stronge and a myghty chayn of Iron & put it thrugh grete pyl{is} fast pyght in the grounde & y^t went ouer y^• Ryuer of Seyn that no vessell myght passe that in no kynde. And about that chayn y^• kynge lete make a brydge ouer the water of Seyn that man & hors and all other caryage myght go too and fro at all tymes whan nede were. And than came the erle of warwyk and had goten Doūfronte vnto kynge Henry of En∣glonde. And anone the kynge sente the erle of warwyk to Cawdebeke for to be seyge it And whan he came before the towne he sent his heraudes vnto the Ca¦pytayne and hadde hym yelde vp y^• tow¦ne vpon payne of dethe and anone he la¦yde his seyge. and y^• Capytayn besought the erle that he myght come vnto his pre¦sence and it pleased hym and speke with hym and so the good erle graūted hym for to come. And than he came out and four other burgeys came with hym and entreated so with this erle that this sa∣me towne was vnder composycyon too be done as the Cyte of Rone dyd / and y^• erle graunted and consented therto vp∣pon this condycyon that the kynges na∣nye of Englonde with his ordynaunce / myght passe vp by the theym in saufte with out ony maner of lette or dysturbaunce. and to his composycyon they set to theyr seales. And the shyppes passed vp by thē in saufte and came before the Cyte of Rone in to an hondred shyppes & there they caste theyr ankers / and thanne this Cyte was besyeged bothe by londe and by water. And whan all this was done and the shyppes comen vp thanne came the erle of warwyk ayen to the kynge & lodged hym bytwene y^• abbaye of saynt Katherynes and the kynge tyll that the abbaye entreated and so was yolden vn¦to the kynge. And thanne he remeued hym thens and lodgyd hym before the porte Martenuylie / and tho was the erle of Salesbury commaunded by the kyn∣ge for to make hym redy for to ryde but there came hasty tydynges & made hym to abyde / And soo he reformed ayen & lodged hym besyde the goode Erle of Huntyngdon tyll that the syege was en¦ded. ¶And thenne came the good duke of Gloucestre the kynges brother from the syege of Chyrbourghe the whyche he hadde wonne and goten and stuffed it agayne vnto the kynges behoue and profyte vnto the crowne of Englonde / And whan he was comen to the kyng be¦fore Rone he lodged with grete ordynaū¦ce before y^• porte saynt Hyllary more ne∣rer y^• towne & his enmyes than ony other laye by .xl. roddes of lenth w^t in shot of quarell. & with hym laye y^• erle of South¦folke & y^e lorde of Bergeyency w^t all his retenue & stronge ordynaūce & manly & proudly faughte euery daye with theyr enemyes euer whan they yssued out of y^e cyte. ¶And thanne came the pryoure of Kylmayne of Irlonde ouer y^• see too the kynge with a fayre meny of men of ar¦mes of theyr owne coūtre gyse y^• somme of .xvi hondred goode mennys bodyes / & the kynge welcomed them & made them good chere. ¶And than came tydynges vnto the kynge that the kynge of Fraū¦••e and y^• Dolphyn with y^e duke of Bur¦goyne wolde come downe & rescowe the cyte of Rone w^t a stronge power of all manere of nacyons and breke the syege And casteth hym to entre on the northe syde of the hoste by cause that ther was the beste entrynge and mooste playne & thrrfore y^• kynge assygned y^• pryour of Kylmayne w^t his power & lodged hym on the north syde of the hoost for to stop¦pe theyr passage / & was by the foreste of Lyons / & of this ordynaunce they wer••¦full

gladde and so they went forth in all hast & kept y^• grounde and y^• place that the kynge & his coūseyll had assygned / & they quyte theym as good warryours vnto theyr kynge. ¶Nowe wyll I telle you whiche were y^• chyef Capatayns & gouernours of y^• cyte of Rone. Mon syr Guy Botyler was chyef Capytayn bo¦the of y^e cyte and of the castell. And Mon syre Termygan he was Capytayne of porte Canx. Mon syre de la Roche he was Capytayne of the Dysners. Mon Syre Anthony he was Lyuetenaunt to Mon syr Guy Botylere / Henry Chant fyen he was the Capytayne of the porte de la Pounte. Iohan Mantreuas was Capytayne of the porte de la Castelle / Mon syr de Preanx he was Capytayne of the porte of saynt Hyllary / The bas¦tarde of Tyne he was Capytayne of the porte Martenyulle / And graunt Iakes a worthy warryoure he was Capytay∣ne of all men of warre and he was go∣uernoure outwarde bothe on horsbacke and on foot of all men of armes / whan they yssued oute of the cyte of all y^• por∣tes thanne he arayed them as they shold encountre with our menye. And eche of the Capytayns ladde fyue thousande / men of armes & some moo. And at the fyrste comynge of our kynge there were nombred by Heroudes in to thre hondred thousande of men & women & chyldren what yonge & olde / & amonge all these was many a manfull man of his hon∣des and so they preued them whan they yssued out of the cyte both on horsback & on foot / for they came neuer at one ga¦te allone / but at thre or foure gates & at euery gate two or thre thousand of gode mennys bodyes armed & manfully en∣coūtred w^t our Englysshmen & moch pe¦ple slayne dyuerse tymes with gonnes quarelles and other ordynaūce. And this syege dured .xx. wekes / and euer they of the towne trusted too haue be rescowed but there came none / so at the laste they kept the towne so longe that there deyed many a thousandes w^t in the towne for defaute of mete of men & chyldren / for they hadde eten theyr horses dogges and cattes that were in the towne / And oftē tymes the men of armes drofe out y^• po¦re people out at the gates of y^• towne for spendynge of ••ytaylles / and anone our Englysshmen drofe theym in to y^• tow∣ne ayen. Soo at the laste y^• Capytayne of the towne sawe the myschyef and y^• they were notte rescowed and also the scarsyte of vytayll and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 y^• people deyed so for defaute of mete euery daye many thousandes & also sawe yonge 〈◊〉〈◊〉 lye and souke theyr moders pap•••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 were deed. Than anone they sent 〈◊〉〈◊〉 kynge besechynge hym of his 〈…〉〈…〉 mercye and broughte the keyes 〈…〉〈…〉 ne vnto the kynge and delyu•••••• y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 en to hym and all the soudyours 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the towne with ther horses and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and the comunes of the towne for 〈◊〉〈◊〉 de and dwelle styll in the towne ye 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to paye to hym & to his success•••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 all manere customes and 〈…〉〈…〉 katerenmes. And than the kyn•••• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in to the towne and rested hy•• in y^• ca∣stell tyll the towne was sette ••n rule and in gouernaunce.

¶How the kynge of Englonde was ma¦de enheyrytour and reg••nte of Frace & how he wedded quene K••••heryne.

ANd anone after that Rone wa•• goten. Depe and many other townes in y^• basse Nor••••••ndye gaaf thē ouer w^t out stroke or syeg whan they vn¦derstode y^• y^• kynge had goten Rone. Al¦so this yere had be a pe•••• made & sworn bytwene y^• duke of Bur••oyne & y^• Dol¦phyn whiche were sworne on goddes bo¦dy that they shold lone & assyste eche o∣ther ayenste theyr enemy••s. And after this contrary to this othe y^• duke Iohan of Burgoyne was slayne and pyteously

murdred in the presence of the Dolph•• wherfore y^• Frensshmen were gretly de¦uyded / & of very necessyte laboured to ha¦ue a treatye with the kynge of Englon¦de. For the kynge of Englonde wanne dayly of them townes castels & fortres∣ses. ¶Also this same yere was quene Ia¦ne arested & brought in too the castell of Ledes in Kent. And one frere Radulf a doctour of dyuynyte hir confessour whi¦che afterwarde was slayne by the perso¦ne of the Tour fallynge at wordes and debate / And afterwarde quene Iane was delyuered. ¶And in the .vii. yere bo¦th the kynge of Fraunce and of Englō¦de were accorded and kynge Henry was made heyre and regent of Fraunce and wedded dame Katheryne the doughter of Fraunce at Troyes in Champayne. on Trinite sondaye. And this was ma∣de by the meane of Philyp newe made duke of Burgoyne whiche was sworne to kynge Henry to••auenge his faders de¦the and was become Englysshe. ¶And than the kynge with his newe wyfe wen¦te to Parys where as he was ryally re / ceyued And frome thens he went with his lordes and the duke of Burgoyne & many other lordes of Fraunce and layd syege to dyuerse towes & castels y^• helde of the Dolphyns partye & wanne them but the towne of Mylon helde longe ty¦me for therin were good defenders. In the .viii. yere the kynge & the quene cam ouer see and londed on Candelmasse da¦ye in the morne at Douer. And the .xiiii daye of Feuerer the kynge came to Lon¦don. And the .xxi. daye of the same mon¦the y^• quene came. And the .xxiiii. of the same she was crowned at westmynster. ¶Also that same yere anone after Ester the kynge helde a parlement at westmȳ¦ster / atte whiche parlement it was ordey¦ned that that golde in Englysshe coyn sholde be weyed and none receyued but by weyghte. And anone after wytsonty¦de the kynge saylled to Calays and passed forth so in to Fraunce. And in y^• .xxii daye of Marche before the kynge came ouer the duke of Clarence was slayn in Fraūce & dyuerse other lordes taken pry¦soners as the erle of Huntyngdon y^• erle of Somerset with dyuerse other / and al was bycause they wolde nott take none archers with theym but thought to haue ouercome the Frensshmen themselfe w^t out archers. And yet whan he was slay¦ne the archers came & rescowed the body of the duke whiche they wolde haue ca∣ryed with them / god haue mercye on his soule he was a valyaunt man. And the same yere bytwene Crystmasse and can delmasse the towne of Mylon was yol∣den vnto the kynge. ¶In the .ix. yere on saynt Nycholas daye in Decembre was borne Henry the kynges fyrste begoten sone at wyndesore / whos godfaders att¦the font stone was syr Henry bysshop of wynchestre and Iohn̄ duke of Bedford and the duchesse of Holonde was godmo¦der / and Henry chychelay Archebysshop of Caūterbury was godfader at confer∣mynge: ¶And in the .x. yere the Cyte of Mews in Bry was goten whiche hadde ben longe beseyged. And this same yere the quene shypped at Hampton & sayled ouer to the kynge in Fraunce where she was worshypfully receyued of the kyn∣ge / & also of the kynge of Fraūce hir fa¦der and of hir moder. And thus kynge Henry wanne fast Fraūce & helde grete astate & sate at a greate feest in Parys crowned & the quene also whiche hadde not been seen before / & all people resor∣ted vnto his court / but as to the kyng of Fraunce he helde none astatene rule but was lefte almoost alone. ¶Also this ye¦re the wedercoke was set vppon Poules steple at London. And this yere in y^• mo¦neth of August the kynge waxed seke at Boys de vyncēt / & whan he saw he shol¦de deye he made his testamēt & ordeyned many noble thynges for his soule and deuoutelye receyued all the ryghtes of

holy chirche / in so ferre forth that whan he was anoynted he sayd the seruyfe w^t the preest / and at the verse of y^• psalme of Miserere mei deus / y^• was Benigne facdn̄e in bona voluntate tua syon / vt edif••centur mury Iherusalem / he ••adde tarye there and sayd thus / O good lorde thou knowed y^• myn entent hath ben & yet is yf I myghte lyue too reedyfye the walles of Iherusalem. And thanne the preest proceded forth and made an ende. And anone after this moost noble pryn∣ce and vyctoryous kynge floure in his ty¦me of crysten chyualrye. whome all the worlde doubted gaf his soule in to y^• han¦des of god and deyed and made an ende of his naturall lyfe at y^• forsayd Boys / de vyncent besyde Parys the .xxxvi. yere of his aege / vphon whos soule god haue mery Amen. ¶Than was the body en¦bamed and ceryd & layd in a ryall chare and an ymage lyke too hym was layd vpon the corps open w^t dyuerse baners & horses couered rychely with y^• armes of Englonde & Fraunce / and also y^• ol∣de armes of saynt Edwarde saynt Ed∣monde and other with grete multytude of torches / with whome went y^e kyng of Scotlonde and many other lordes why¦che accompanyed y^• body tyll it came vn¦to westmynster by London in Englond & in euery towne by y^• waye he had solēp¦nely his dyryge on y^• euen and masse on the morne & moche almes was gyuen to poore people by y^• waye. & the .vii. day of Nouembre after y^• corps was broughte / thrugh London w^t grete reuerence & so∣lempnyte to westmyster where as he now lyeth / it was worshypfully buryed / & af¦ter was layd on his tombe a ryall yma∣ge lyke hymself of syluer & gylde which was made at y^• coste of quene Katheryne And thus ended & is entered and buryed the noble kynge Henry the fyfth / vpon whos soule and all crysten soules god ha¦ue mercy Amen.

¶Of the lawe of kynge Henry y^• fyfth and what he ordeyned for kyng Rychar¦de and for hymselfe after his dethe.

HEere is to be noted that this kyn¦ge Henry y^• fyfth was a noble ••tȳ¦ce after he was kynge and crowned how it before in his yongth he had ben wylde recheles & spared no thynge of his luste ne desyres but accōplysshed thē after his lykynge / but as sone as he was crowned enoynted & sacred anone soda••ly he was chaunged in to a newe man and set all his entent to lyue vertuously in maynte nynge of holy chirche destroynge of he∣retykes / kepynge Iustyce & defend••nge of his reame & subgectes. ¶And for as moche as his fader had deposed by his ••a¦bour the good kynge Rycharde & pre••••∣ously made hym to deye & for y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 done to hym ayenst his legeaūce he had sente to Rome for to be assoyled therof For whiche offence oure holy fader ••••e pope enioyned hym to make hym to be prayed for perpetually & lyke as he had done too be taken frome hym his natu¦rall lyfe therfore he sholde do foūde four tapers to b••ēne perpetually about his bo¦dy y^• for y^• ertynccōn of his bodely lyf his soule may euer be remēbred & lyf in heuē in spyrytuall lyfe And also y^• he sholde euery weke on y^• daye as it come aboute of his dethe haue a solempne masse of re¦quyem & on y^• euen afore a dy••yge with ix. lessons & a doole to poore people alwa¦ye on y^• daye of a .xi. shellynges and .vii pens to be deled peny mele and ones in the yere at his annyuersarye his termen¦te to be holden in the moost honeste wy∣se / and to be deled y^• daye .xx. pounde in pens to poore people. And to euery mon¦ke .xx. shellynge whiche all these thyn∣ges performed this noble kynge for his fader for kynge Henry the fourth his fa¦der performed it notte durynge his lyfe of wome as it is sayd that god dyd tou¦che hym and was lep••e o•• that he deyed

¶And alsoo this noble prynce lete doo calle all the abbottes and pryours of sa¦ynt B••nets order in Englonde and had all them in to the chapytre hous of west mynstre for the reformacyon of theyr or¦der wherin he had comunycacyon / and alsoo with bysshops and men of the spy¦rytualtee / in so ferre forth that they doub¦ted sore as that he wolde haue hadde the pemporaltees out of theyr hondes / wher¦fore by the aduyse labours & procurynge of the spyrytualte encouraged the king for to chalenge Normandye & his ryght in Fraūce to y^• entent to set hym awerke there that he sholde not seke none occa∣syons for too entre in to suche maters. & than all his lyfe tyme afterwarde he la∣boured and was besy in the warre and in conquerynge a greate parte of the rea¦me of Fraunce and so afterwarde that by the grement of the kynge Charles he hadde the gouernaunce & the rule of the reame of Fraunce / and he was procla∣med regent and heyre of Fraunce. And so notwithstandynge for all this greate warre that he hadde / neuertheles yet he remembred his soule and also thoughte that he was mortall and nedes muste de ye / for whiche cause he ordeyned by hys lyfe tyme the place of his sepulture whe¦re as he is buryed / and hathe euery day thre masses perpetually songen in a cha¦pell ouer his sepulture of the whiche the myddyll masse and the fyrste and y^• last masse shall be as it is assygned by hym as it apperyth by these verses folow∣ynge.

• Henrici misse quinti sūt hic tabulate.
• Que successiue sūt p monachos celebrate

¶Die dm̄ca.

• Prima sit assūpte de festo virginis alme
• Poscit postremā xp̄s de morte resurgens

¶Feria seconda.

• Prima salutate de festo virginis extat.
• Nūciat angelic{is} laud•• postrema choreis

¶Feria tercia.

• Esse deū natū de virgine prima fatetur.
• Cōmemorat natā sic vl••••a misse mariā

¶Feria quarta.

• Prima celebret ad honorē neupmat{is} al∣mi
• Vltima preptā denunciat eē mariā

¶Feria quinta.

• Semper prima colidebet de corpere xp̄i
• Vltima lit facta de virgine purificata.

¶Feria sexta.

• Concedet vt prima celebret de cruce seā
• At{que} salutate fiet postrema maria.

¶Sabbato.

• Dēs ad scōs est prima colenda supernos
• Vltima de requie p defūctis petit esse.
• Semper erit media de {pro}prietate diei.

¶And yet the noble kynge Henry y^• fift founded two houses of relygyon one is called Syon besyde Braynforde of the ordre of saynt Brygytte both of men & women / and on y^• other syde of the Ry∣uer of Tamyse an hous of monkes of Chartrehous / in whiche two places he is contynually prayd for nyghte & daye. for euer whan they of Syon resten than they of y^• Chartre hous do theyr seruyce and in lyke wyse whan they of y^• Char∣tre hous resten the other gooth to / and by ryngynge of the belles of eyther place e¦che knoweth whā they haue ended theyr seruyse whiche he nobly endowed / & do dayly there grete almes dedes / as in char¦tre hous certayn chyldren be founden to scole / and at Syon certayn almes gyuē dayly. And yet besyde all this he had foū¦ded a recluse the whiche shall be alway a preest to praye for hym by the sayd char¦tre hous whiche preest is suffycyently en¦dowed for hym and a seruaunt. Lo here maye all prynces take ensample by this noble prynce that regned so lytyll tyme not fully .x. yere and dyd so many noble actes as well for his soule to be perpetu¦ally remembred and prayed for / as in his conquestes & he beynge in his moste lusty aege dysposed & eschewed synne & was a grete Iusticer / in so moche y^• all y^• prȳc{is} of crystendome dradde hym and also of

alsoo of hethenes / and he had determy∣ned in hymselfe yf god wolde haue spa∣red hym to haue warred on y^• Sarasyns and for to knowe the ayde of other pryn¦ces & all the passages in y^• Iourneye he sent a knyght of Henaude named Hugh de lanoye vnto Iherusalem / but or he retorned he deyed at Boys de vyncente in the .xxxvi. yere of his aege. on whoos soule god haue mercy Amen.

EElyx the .v. was pope whan Eu∣genius was deposed .ix. yere. this Felyx was duke of Sauoye a deuoute prynce & an olde man. & he sawe his chil¦des childe. This man whan he lyued a holy lyfe was chosen pope of y^• counseyll of Basyle / & Eugeny was deposed. and there was stryfe longe tyme / & he hadde no grete obedyence for y^• deposycyon of Eugenye. And at y^• laste Eugenye deces¦sed / & than Felyx resygned to Nicholas for fauour of peas to be hadde & he was made Legate of Fraūce & Cardynall of Sabianus. This was y^• xxiii. stryfe by∣twyxt Eugedy & Felyx & it dured .xvi & yere & this was a newe cause & neuer se¦en before. for y^• coūseyll of Basyle depo∣sed Eugeny the vere pope & there was no mo for he obeyed not the decrees of y^• coūseyll of Constantynople as they said ne he charged not to obeye y^• coūseyll of Basyle. but he sayd rather the contrary shold be done than as they decreed. wher¦fore there arose a greate alteracōn in y^t mater / for some sayd one waye & some an other and coude notte accorde to this daye / for that one partye sayd y^t the coū∣seyll was aboue y^• pope. & an other par∣tye sayd the contrary that y^• pope was a¦boue the coūseyll. but they lefte it vnde∣termyned. and therfore god muste dyspo¦se for y^• best. ¶Albert was Emperoure after Sygysmonde one yere. this Albert was the duke of Austre and neuewe too Sygysmond & therfore he was kynge of Beme and of Vngary for his doughter for other heyre he left none. This man was chosen Emperour of Almayne but anone he was poysened and deyed / and he was in all thynge a vertuous man y^• all men sayd he was a presydent too all kynges ¶Fredericus y^• thyrde was Em¦peroure after hym. this Frederyk was y^• duke of Osteryk & chosen Emperour of Almayne but it was longe or he was crowned of the pope for deuysyon. And at the laste there was made an vnyte 〈◊〉〈◊〉 he was crowned with a grete honour ••t the pope in the cyte and was a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 man & a quyete & of a synguler pyte & he hated not the clergy he wedded y^• ••••••¦ges doughter of Portyngale and in his tyme whiles y^• he regned he made a gre∣te conuocacyon of prynces in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for the Incours of the Turkes 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••••••¦ed vnto them that nowe 〈…〉〈…〉 yere. crystendom was made 〈…〉〈…〉 hondred myle. and he warned 〈…〉〈…〉 they sholde be redy to resyst hym. ¶And the imperyall Cyte of Constantynople was taken atte that same tyme of the mysbyleuynge Turkes and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 by a Ianu••s whome for his lab••••¦re the Turke made a kynge as he ••••¦mysed hym. and the fourth daye he cal¦led hym to hym and dyd hange hym 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his dysceyte too his mayster. And ch•••• was grete sorowe and wepynge amonge the crysten peple for the losse of that no¦ble Cyte / for many a crysten man was slayne & innumerable were solde and y^• Emperoure was slayne & forenuye the Turke caused his heed to be smyten of whan he was deed. And al moost all the fayth in the londe of Greke fayled.

¶Nicholaus the .v. a Ianuens was po∣pe after Felyx .viii. yere. This Nicholas was chosen at Rome in the place of Eu¦genye / and yet the stryf henge styll. and a lytyll & a lytyll they obeyed hym & all men merueyled y^• a man of so pore a na¦cyon shold obteyne ayenst y^• duke of Sa¦uoy the whyche was cosyn and alyed al

moost to all the prynces of crystendome and euerychone left hym. Than in y^• ye∣re after there was a peas made / & Felix resygned for it pleased our lorde his na∣me to be glorifyed by an obiect of y^• worl¦de as that Ianuens was in comparysō of the duke the pope. This Nicholas / was a mayster in dyuynyte and an acti¦ue man & a ryche man in conseytes / & many thynges that were fallen he buyl¦dyd ayen / & all the walles of Rome he renewed for drede of the Turke. And there was a verse made of this vnyte & publysshed in the cyte. ¶Lux fulsie mū∣do: cessit felix Nicholao. And y^t in the ye∣re of our lorde .M.CCCC.xlix. The ye¦re of grace with a greate deuocyon was confermed and Innumerable people wē¦te to the appostles setes.

¶How kynge Henry the syxte regned be¦ynge a chylde not one yere of aege / and of the batayll of Vernayll in Perche.

AFter kynge Henry the fyfth reg¦ned Henry his sone but a chylde & not fully one yere of age. whos regne began y^• fyrste daye of Septembre in the yere of our lord .M.CCCC.xxii. This kynge beynge in his cradell was moche doubted & dradde bycause of the greate conquest of his fader and also y^• wysdo¦me & guydynge of his vncles y^• duke of Bedforde and the duke of Gloucestre / ¶ This yere the .xxi. daye of Octobre de¦yed Charles the kynge of Fraūce & lyeth buryed at saynt Denys. And than y^• du¦ke of Bedford was made regent of Fra¦unce / & the duke of Gloucestre was ma¦de protectour & defendour of Englonde ¶And the fyrste daye of Marche after was syr wyllyam Taylour preest degra¦ded of his preesthode / & on the morne af¦ter he was bryute in smythfelde for here syr. ¶This yere syr Iames Stewarde kynge of Scottes maryed dame Iane the duchesse doughter of Clarence y^• whi¦che she had by hir fyrste husbonde y^• er∣le of Somerset at saynt Mary ouerys / ¶ Also this yere the .xvii. day of August was the batayll of Vernayll in Perche. bytwene the duke of Bedforde regente of Fraunce & the duke of Alaūsome whi¦che was a full grete batayll. The duke of Bedford had on his syde y^• erle of Sa¦lesbury Moūtagu & the lorde Talbot & all the power that they coude make in Normandye & the garysons kept / and al¦so many Copycayns with moche peple of the duke of Burgoyns And on that other syde was the duke of Alaunsome. the duke of Turon that was the erle of Douglas and the erle Boughan wyth many lordes of Fraūce & a greate com∣pany of Scottes and Armynakys. And than y^• erle Douglas called the duke of Bedforde in scorne Iohn̄ with the leden swerde. And he sent hym worde ayen y^• he sholde fynde that daye that his swer∣de was of stele. And the batayll Ioyned on bothe sydes and faught longe tyme. that there wyst no man who sholde haue the better a greate whyle / but atte y^• last as god wolde the vyctory felle vnto the Englysshe partye. for there were slayne the erle Douglas whiche a lytell before was made duke of Turon the erle Bou¦ghan the erle Almarre y^• erle of Tonu∣ar y^e erle of Vaūtedor & the vyscoūte of Nerbon whiche was one of them y^• slew the duke Iohan of Burgoyn knelynge before the Dolphyn and many mo vn∣to the nombre of .x. thousand & mo. And there was taken prysoners the duke of Alaunsome and many nther lordes and gentylles of Fraunce. but Scottes that daye were slayne downe ryghte the snb∣staunce of them all. ¶And the thyrde ye¦re of kynge Henry the syxth the duke of Gloucestre maryed the duchesse of Hol∣lande & went ouer see with hir in to He∣naude for to take possessyon of his wy∣ues enherytaunce where he was honors by receyued and taken for lorde of that

londe 〈◊〉〈◊〉 sone after he was 〈…〉〈…〉 torne home ayen to Englonde and lete his wyfe & all his tresoure that he 〈◊〉〈◊〉 broughte with hym in a towne y^• is cal∣led Mounse in Henaude / whiche promy¦sed hym to be trew to hym. Notwithstā¦dynge they delyuered the lady to the du¦ke of Burgoyne whiche sent hir to Ga¦unte. And frome thens she escaped in a mannes clothynge and came into zelan de to a towne of hir owne called Syrixe And frome thens she went to a towne in Hollonde called the Gowde aud there she was stronge ynoughe and withstode the forsayd duke of Burgoyne. ¶And sone after the duke of Gloucestre sente ouer see in to zelonde the lorde Fytzwa∣ter with certayne men of armes and ar¦chers for to helpe and socoure y^• forsayd duchesse of Hollande / whiche londed at a place in zelande called Brewers hauen where the lordes of the coūtee came dow¦ne and faughte with hym / and in con∣clusyon he was feyne to withdraw hym and his menye to the see ayen. But yet he slewe and kylde & hurte dyuerse lor∣des and moche people of that same coū¦tre / & so retorned home ayen into Englō¦de with his menye & preuayled no thyn¦ge. ¶And also this same yere the erle of Salesbury / the erle of Suffolk / the lor¦de wylleby & y^• lorde Scales with theyr retenue layd syege to y^• cyte of Manus y^• whiche cyte was yolden to theym wyth many other stronge townes and castels to y^• nombre of .xxxvi. ¶This tyme all Normandye and a greate parte of Fraū¦ce vnto Orlyaunce was vnder the obeys¦saūce of the kynge of Englonde / and al the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Fraunce was in grete 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and myschyef.

¶How there was lyke to haue ben a gre¦te fraye bytwene the Cardynall and the duke of Gloucestre. And of the corona∣cyon of kynge Henry the syxte bothe in Englonde & in Fraunce.

IN 〈…〉〈…〉 greate w••••che in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for a fraye y^• was bytwene the bysshop of wynchestre. & the duke of Gloucestre protectour &c. For the mayer with the people of the cy¦te wolde abyde by y^• duke of Gloucestre as protectour & defendour of the reame but by laboure of lordes that went bitwe¦ne / and in especyall by the labour of the prynce of Portyngale / there was a poyn¦temente taken that there was no harme done. ¶And after y^• batayll of Vernayl in Perche the duke of Bedforde came o¦uer into Englonde. And on wytsonday this same yere atte Leycestre he dubbed kynge Henry knyghte. And forth wyth the sayd kynge Henry dubbed all these knyghtes w••os names folowen / that is to wyte syr Rycharde duke of yorke al∣so the sone and heyre of the Duke of North folke / the erle of Orforde the er¦le of westmerlonde / the sone and heyre of the erle of Northumberlonde the so∣ne & heyre of the erle of Vrmonde y^• lord Roos / syr Iamys bottelat / y^• lord Mar¦trauas / sir Henry gray of Tankeruyle syr wyllyam Neuyll / lorde Fawconbred¦ge / syr George Neuyll lorde Latymer y^• lorde wellys / y^• lorde Barkle / the sone & heyre too the lorde Talbot / syre Raufe gray of werke / syre Robert veer syr Ry¦charde gray / syr Edmonde hongerforde syr Iohan bottelar / syr Raynolde Cob∣ham syr Iohan passheley syr Thomas ••••stall. Iohn̄ Chydyok / sir Rauflange. ford. sir william drury. syr willyam tho∣mas / Rycharde Carbonell / sir Rychard wydewyle / sir Iohn̄ shrydelowe. sir wyl¦lyam Chayn / sir william Bauyngton. syr Iohn̄ Iune / and sir Gylbert Beau∣champe. ¶Item in the fyfthe yere the duke of Bedford with the duchesse hys wyfe wente ouer see to Calays / & a ly∣tell before went ouer see Henry bysshop of wynchestre. And on our ladyes day••

〈…〉〈…〉 chirche atte Calays the bysshop of wynchester as he had songen masse was made Cardynal and he knelynge before the hyghe awter the duke of Bedforde set the hat vpon his heed / and there were his bullys redde as well of his charge as of the reioysyn¦ge of his benefyces spyrytuall and tem¦porall. ¶And this same yere was grete habundaunce of rayne / that the substaū¦ce of heye and also of corne was dystro∣yed / for it rayned almost euery other da¦ye. ¶And this same yere the good Erle of Salesbury syr Thomas of Mounta¦gu layde syege vnto Orlyaunce atte the whiche syege he was slayne with a gon¦ne that come out of the towne on whoos soule god haue mercy amen. For sythe y^t he was slayne Englysshmen neuer ga∣te ne preuayled in Fraunce / but euer af¦ter beganne to lese lytyll & lytyll tyll all was loste. ¶Also this same yere a Bry∣ton murthred a good wedowe in her bed withoute Algate whiche wedowe found hym for almesse / and he bare awaye all that she hadde. And after this he toke y^• gyrthe of holy chirche at saynt George in Southwarke / & there he toke y^• crosse and forswore this lond. And as he went it happened y^• he came by the place whe¦re he dyd this cursyd dede in the subar∣bes of London. And the women of the same parysshe came oute with staues / & canell doūge and slewe & made an ende of hym there. Notwithstandynge y^• con∣stables & many other men beyng present for to kepe hym for there were so many women & had no pyte. ¶Also this same yere the duke of Northfolk with many gentylmen and yomen toke hys barge / the .viii. daye of Nouembre atte saynt Marye oueres for too haue gone thrugh London brydge. and thrughe mysgydyn¦ge of the barge it ouerthrewe on y^• pyles and many men drowned / but the duke hymselfe with two or thre leped vpon py¦les and so were saued with helpe of men that 〈…〉〈…〉 the brydge with cas••yn¦ge downe ropes / by y^• whiche ropes they saued themselfe. ¶This same yere on saynt Leonardes daye kynge Henry be∣ynge .vii. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of aege was crowned atte westmynster / at whos caronacyon were made .xxxvi. knyghtes. ¶This yere on saynt Georges daye he passed ouer set•• Calays towarde Fraunce. ¶About this tyme and afore the reame beynge in gre¦te mysery and trybulacyon. y^• Dolphyn with his partye began to made warre & gate certayne places & made dystresses vpon the Englysshmen by the meane of his Capytayns. that is to saye la heer & poton desayntraylles / and in especyall. a mayde the whiche they named la pu∣relle de dicu. This mayde rode lyke a man and was a valyaunt Capytayne. amonge them and toke vpon hir many grete enterpryses in so moche y^• they had a byleue for to haue recoueryd all theyre losses by hir. Notwithstandynge atte the laste after many grete feates / by the hel∣pe & prudence of syr Iohn̄ Luxemburgh the whiche was a noble Capytayne of the duke of Burgon & many Englyssh men Pycardes and Burgoynons which were of our partye before the towne of Compyne the .xxiii. daye of Maye the forsayd pucelle was taken in the felde ar¦med lyke a man & many other Captay¦nes with hir & were all brought to Rone & there she was put in to pryson. And the¦re she was Iuged by y^• lawe to be brent And thanne she sayd that she was with chyld / wherby she was a whyle respyted But in conclusyon it was founden that she was not with chylde / and thanne she was brent in Rone / and the other Ca∣pytayns were put to raūsome & entreted as men of warre ben acustomed. ¶And this same yere about Candelmasse Ry¦charde hunder a wulle packer was dam¦ned for an herytyke and brent at Tour¦hylle. ¶And about mydlenten syr Tho¦mas Baggrly preest and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of y^•

Mauen in Estsex besyde waldē was dys graded and dampned for an heretyke & brent in smyth felde / ¶And also in this same yere whyles the kyng was in Fraū¦ce there were many heret••••••s and solar¦des that hadde purposed to make a ry∣synge and caste bylles in dyuerte places but blessed be almyghty god the Capy∣tayne of theym was taken whos name was wyllyam Maundeuyll a weuer of Abendon and balyf of the same towne. whiche named hymself Iacke Sharpe of Wygmoreslonde in wales. And after warde he was beheded atte the forsayd Abendon in the wytson weke on y^• tewes daye. ¶This same yere the .vi. daye of Decembre kynge Henry the syxth was crowned kynge of Fraunce at Parys in the chirche of our lady with grete solemp¦nyte / there beynge presente the Cardy∣nall of Englonde the duke of Bedfor∣de and many other lordes of Fraunce / and of Englonde. And after this coro∣nacyon and greate feest holden at Parys the kynge retorned frome thens to Rone and so towarde Calays / and the .ix. day of Feuerer londed at Douer / whome all the comunes of Kent mette at Beram∣don bytwene Caunterbury and Douer all in reed hodes. and so come forth tyll he came to y^• blacke hethe where he was mette with y^• mayer Iohn̄ wellys with all the craftes of London clothed all in whyte / and soo they broughte hym vn∣to London the .xxi. daye of the same mo∣the. ¶And this same yere was a restra∣ynte of the wulles of Calays made by the soudyours bycause they were not pa¦yed of theyr wages. wherfore y^• duke of Bedforde regent of Fraūce beynge than Capytayne came to Calays the tewes∣daye in the esterweke. And than on the morne after many soudyours of the tow¦ne were arested and put in warde. And in the same weke he rode to Terewyn / and by the meane of the bysshop of Ter¦wyn he wedded the Erles doughter of saynt Poule & came ayen to Calays / & than the .xi. daye of Iune on saynt Ber¦nabeys daye there were four soudyours of Calays that were the chyef causers / of the restraynt of the wulles byhe••ded that is to wyte Iohan Maddelcy / Iohn̄ Launday / Thomas Palmer / and Tho¦mas Talbot / & an hondred & .x. bannys¦shed oute of the towne that same tyme and before were banysshed an hondred and .xx. soudyours. And on mydsome•• enen after came the lorde regente & hys wyf too London.

ANd than about this tyme deyed 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Martyn. And after hym Eugeny the fourth was 〈◊〉〈◊〉. This ma was peasably chosen in the court of Ro¦me by the Cardynales and was very 〈◊〉〈◊〉 indubytate pope. But within a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••¦me after he was putte and erpul••ed out of Rome in suche a maner that he was fayne for to flee naked. ¶In this same tyme was the counseyll of Ba••yle to y^• whiche counseyll Eugenye the pope was cyted to come. And bycause that he ••ame not they deposed hym but he rought not¦ne set not therby but gate y^• cyte of Ro••me & abode styll pope .xii. yere. ¶Thys tym about wytsōtyde y^• heretyk{is} of Pra¦ghe were dystroyed. for atte two Io••••¦neys were dystroyed of theym mo than xxii. thousande with theyr Capytaynes that is to were Procapius Sapl••o & Lu¦pus prespyter ¶Also there was taken on lyue mayster Peers clerke an Englysshe man and an heretyke. ¶And also thys same yere was a strōge frost & a long du¦rynge the whiche lasted xi. wekes for it beganne vppon saynt Katherynes euen and lasted vnto saynt Scolastycus day in Feuer yere / in the whyche tyme the vyntage that came frome Burdeur co∣me ouer shotres hylle. ¶This yere was y^• coūseyll of aras & a grete neate by••we¦ne the kynge of Englonde and y^• kynge

of Fraūce where were assēbled many gre¦te lordes of bothe partyes. at whiche coū¦seyll was offred to the kynge of Englon¦de greate thynges by the meane of a Le¦gate that came fro Rome y^• whiche was Cardynall of saynt Crosse / whiche of∣fres were refused by the Cardynalle of Englonde & other lordes y^• ther were for the kynge. wherfore the duke of Burgo¦yn y^• whiche hadde ben longe Englysshe sworne forsoke oure partye & retorned Frensshe by the meane of y^• forsayd Le∣gate. & made a peas with the Frensshe / kynge receyuynge of y^• kynge for recom¦pensynge of his faders dethe y^• coūte of Pontui / y^• lordshyp of Macon with mo∣che other as is specyfyed in y^• sayd treaty And soo oure embassatours came home ayen in worse caas than they went oute For they loste there the duke of Burgoy¦ne whiche hadde ben with his Burgoy∣nons & Pycardes a synguler helpe in all the conqueste of Normandye & of Fraūce This same yere was a greate batayll on the see bytwene the Ienewes & the kyn∣ge of Aragon of whiche bataylle y^• Ie∣newes had the vyctory / for they toke the kynge of Aragon y^• kynge of Nauerne & y^• grete mayster of saynt Iames in Ga¦lyce w^t thre hondred knyghtes & squyr{is} & moche other people / & this was on sa¦ynt Dominic•• daye. And this same yere were seen thre sones at ones / & anone fo¦lowed the thre folde gouernaunce in the chirche that is to wete of Eugeny of the coūseyll and of neutralyte. ¶Also thys same yere a .M.CCCC.xxxiiii. was a passynge grete wynde by whiche steples houses & trees were ouerthrowen. About this tyme was an holy mayde in Hol∣londe called Lyd with whiche lyued only by miracle not etynge ony mete. Thys yere the duke of Burgoyne beganne his ordre atte Lyle of the golden Fleys and ordeyned certayne knyghtes of the same ordre and made statutes and ordynaun¦ces moche accordynge vnto the ordre of the garter. ¶Also this same yere y^• Frē¦sshmen had enterprysed too haue stolen Calays in the fysshyng tyme / for many botes of Fraūce had safeconduytes to co¦me to Cal•••••• for to take herynge. And the sondyours of the towne had a custu¦me to come to the chirche. & leue theyr sta¦nes standynge at the chirche dore / which staues the Frensshe men that were ara∣yed lyke fysshers hadde purposed for to haue stolen theyr staues and wepen for to haue wonne so the towne. but one of them laye with a comune woman y^• ny∣ghte before / and he tolde to hyr ther coū¦seyll / and she on the morne tolde it to y^• Lyuetenaunte whiche forthwith all cō¦maunded that euery man sholde kepe his wepen in his honde sakerynge tyme & other. And whan the Frensshmen per∣ceyued this that they were myspoynted they saylled streyghte to Depe & stale & toke y^• towne. And on New yeres daye / after they toke Harflete. And thus y^• En¦glysshmen began to lese a lytyll and ly∣tyll in Normandye.

¶How Calays & Guynes were besye∣ged by the duke of Burgoyn & how they were rescowed by y^• duke of Gloucestre.

THis yere was a greate noyse all Englonde thrugh howe y^• duke of Burgoyne wold come & besyege Ca¦lays / wherfore the erle of Mortayne w^t his armye that he had to haue go w^t hȳ into Fraūce was cōmaūded & charged y^• he sholde go to Calays / whiche was atte y^• tyme well vytayled & manned / for syr Iohn̄ Ratclyfe was Lyuetenaunte of y^• towne for y^• kynge. & the baron of Dud lay Lyuetenaunt of y^• castell. ¶And the ix. daye of Iulii the duke of Burgoyne. with all the power of Flaundres and mo¦che other people came before Calays & sette his syege about the towne / and eue∣ry towne of Flaundres hadde theyr ten¦tes by themself. And this syege endured

thre were. In the meant whyle the duke of Gloucestre beynge protectour of En∣glonde toke y^• moost parte of all the lor¦des of Englonde & went ouer the see to Calays for too rescowe the towne or for to fyghte with the duke and his hoost yf they wolde haue byden. This tyme Lō∣don and euery good towne of Englon∣de sente ouer these to this rescow certay¦ne people well arayed of the best & chosē men for y^• warre. ¶And the second day of August the forsayd duke of Glouces¦tre aryued at Calays with all his army & .v. hondred shyppes and moo. ¶And the duke of Burgoyne & all his hoost y^• laye in the syege / as sone as they aspyed the sayles in y^• see / before they approched Calays hauen sodaynly in a mornynge departed frome the syege / leuynge behȳ¦de hym moche stuff and bytayle & fledde in to Flaūdres and Pycardye. & in lyke wyse dyd the syege y^• laye befor Guynes where as they of Gwenes toke the gre∣gonne of brasse called Dygeon & many othere greate gonnes & serpentes. And than whan the duke of Gloucestre was aryued with his hoost / he went into Fla¦undres and there he was .xii. dayes and dyd but lytell harme excepte y^• he brente two fayre vyllages Poperynge & Belle & other houses whiche were of no stron∣ge buyldynge / & so he retorned home avē ¶And this same yere the kynge of scot∣londe besyeged Rokesburgh with moch people. But syr Raufgray departed fro¦me the castell & ordeyned for a rescowe But as sone as the kynge of Scotlond vnderstode his departynge sodaynly he brake his syege and wente his waye and lefte moche ordynaunce behynde hym / where he gate hym no worshyppe. This same yere the seconde daye of Ianyue¦re quene Katheryne the whiche was the kynges moder and wyfe too kynge Hen¦ry the fyfte deyed & departed out of this worlde and was brought ryally thrugh London & so too westmynster and there she lyeth worshypfully buryed in oure la dyes chapell. ¶And also this same yere the fourth daye of Ianyuer felle dow∣ne the gate with y^• to••re on it on Londō brydge towarde Southwerke w^t two ar¦ches & all y^• stode theron. ¶This same yere was a greate treate holden bytwene Grauenynge & Calays bythene the k••n¦ge & the duke of Burgoyne where was in the kynges name the Cardynalle of Englonde the duke of Norfolk & many other lordes / & for the duke of Burgoyn was the duchesse hauynge full power of hyr lorde as regent and lady of hys lon¦des where was taken by thaduyse of ••o the partyes an abstynence of watre for a certayne tyme in y^• name of y^• duchesse and not of the duke bycause he had gone frome his othe and legeaunce that he hadde made to kynge Henry the fyfthe therfore the kynge neuer wolde weytene appoynt ne haue to do w^t hym after but all in the duchesse name. ¶Also this sa¦me yere quene Iane deyed y^• second day of Iule whiche had ben wyf to kyng Hē¦ry y^• fourth & was caryed frome be••••ōd sey to Caūterbury where she lyeth bury¦ed by kynge Henry hir husbonde. Thys same yere dyed all the Lyons in y^• toure of London. the whiche had not ben seen many yeres before.

¶How Owen a squyre of wales that hadde wedded quene Katheryne was arested / and of the seysme bytwene Eu∣genye and Felix.

IN the .xv. yere of kynge Henry the syxth. deyed Sygysmond{us} Empe¦roure of Almayne and knyghte of the garter / whos termente the kynge kepte atsaynt Poules in London ryally / whe¦re was made a ryall heerse / & the kynge in his astate clad in blew was at euen at dyryge & on the morne at masse ••c. And after hym was clecte and chosen Albert duke of Osteryk whiche hadde wedded

Sygysmondus doughter for to be Em¦peroure. This man was taken & recey∣ued to be kynge of Beme & Vngary by¦cause of his wyfe that was Sygysmon¦dus doughter whiche left none other hey¦re after hym. This Albert was Empe¦rour but one yere / for he was poysoned & so deyed some sayth y^• he deyed of flix but he was a vertuous man & pytefulle so moche y^• all the people y^• knewe hym sayd that the worlde was not worthy to haue his presence ¶This same yere one Owen a squyre of wales a man of lowe byrth. whiche hadde many a daye befo¦re secretely w••dded quene Katheryne / & hadde by hir thre sones and one dough∣te•• & he was taken and cōmaunded too Newgate to pryson by my lord of Glou¦cestre protectour of y^• reame. And this ye¦re he brake the pryson by the meane of a priest y^• was his chapelayn / & after was taken ayen by my lorde Bemonde and brought ayen to Newgate / and after war¦de delyuerd at large. And one of his so∣nes afterwarde was made erle of Ryche¦monde and an other erle of Penbroke. and the thyrde a monke of westmynster whiche monke deyed sone after. ¶This same yere also on Newe yeres daye atte Bernardes castell fell downe a stake of wood sodaynly at after none and slewe thre men myscheyfly & foule hurt other ¶Also at Bedforde on a shyresday we re .xviii. men murdred without stroke by fallynge downe a stayr as they come out of theyr comune halle and many foule / hurte. ¶In the .xviii. yere syr Rycharde Beauchamp the good erle of warwyke deyed atte Rone he beynge that tyme ly¦uetenaunte of the kynge in Normandye and frome thens his body was brought to warwyk where he lyeth worshypfully in a newe chapell on the south syde of y^• quere. ¶Also this yere was a grete derth of corne thrugh out all Englonde for a busshell of whete was worth .xl. pens in many places of Englonde and yet they myght not haue ynoughe wherfore Ste¦uen browne that tyme mayer of Londō sente in to Pruce and broughte to Lon∣don certayn shyppes laden with rye whi¦che dyd moche good to the poore people. for corne was so scarse in Englonde y^• in someplaces of Englonde poore people made them brede of fern rotes. ¶Thys yere the generall coūseyll of Basyly de / posed Eugeny & they chose Felix which was duke of Sauoy / & than began the scysme whiche endured vnto the yere of oure lorde .M CCCC.xlviii. ¶Thys Felyx was a deuoute prynce & sawe hys sones sone / and after lyued an holy lyfe & was chosen pope of the coūseyll of Ba¦syle & Eugeny deposed. And so the scys¦me was longe tyme & this Felix had but lytell obedyence by cause of the nautra∣lyte / for the moost parte & well nyghe all crystendome obeyed & reputed Eugeny for very pope of them bothe / for both oc¦cupyed duryng y^• lyfe of Eugeny. This same yere syr Rycharde whiche was by carye of Hermettesworth was degraded of his preesthode at Poules & brent atte Toure hylle as for an heretyke on saȳe Botulphus daye / how well at his dethe he deyed a good crysten man / wherfore / after his dethe moche people come to y^• place where he was brent & offred & ma¦de an hepe of stones & set vp a crosse of tree & helde hym for a saynt tyll y^• mayer & shreues by y^• kynges cōmaūdement & of bysshoppes dystroyed it & made there a doūge hylle. Also this same yere y^• shre¦ues of Londō fet out of saynt Martyns the graunte of the sentwary fyue perso∣nes whiche afterward were restored ayē too the sentwary by the kynges Iustices ¶And after Alberte the thyrd. Frede∣ryk was chosen Emperoure. This Fre∣deryk duke of Osteryk was longe Em∣perour & dyfferred to be crowned at Ro∣me bycause of the scysme / but after that vnyte was had he was crowned w^t the Imperyall dyademe w^t grete glorye and

tryumphe of pope Nicholas y^• .iiii. This was a p••••yble man. quyete and of syn¦guler pacyence not hatynge the chirche / he wedded the kynges doughter of Por∣tyngale.

¶How the duchesse of Gloucestre was arested for treason & cōmytted to perpe¦tuall pryson in y^• yle Man / & of the de∣the of mayster Roger Bolyngbrok.

IN this same yere Elynoure Cob¦ham duchesse of Gloucestre was arested for certayne poyntes of treason layde ayen hyr / wherupon she was exa∣myned in saȳt Stephens chapell at west mynster afore the Archebysshop of Can̄¦terbury. And there she was enioyned to open penaūce to go thrugh chepe beryn¦ge a taper in hir honde & after to perpe∣tuall pryson in y^• yle of Man vnder y^• ke¦pynge of sir Thomas stanley. Also that same tyme was arested mayster Tho∣mas south well a chanon of westmynster mayster Iohn̄ hane a chapelayne of the sayd lady / mayster Robert Bolynbroke a clerke vsynge Nygromancy / and one Margery iourdemayn called the wyche of Eye besyde westmynster / there were / arested as for beynge of coūseyll w^t the sayd duchesse of Gloucestre. & for may∣ster Thomas suth well deyed in y^• Tour the nyghts before he sholde haue be rey∣ned on y^• morne. for he hymself sayd that he sholde deye in his bedde & not by Iu¦styces. ¶And in y^• .xx. yere mayster Iohn̄ hume and mayster Roger Bolyngbrok were brought to the gylde hall in Lon∣don / and there before y^• Mayer the lord{is} and chyef Iustyces of Englonde were reyned and dampned bothe to be draw¦en and hanged & quartred. but mayster Iohn̄ hume had his chartrel & was par∣doned by the kynge. but mayster Roger was drawen to Tyburne where he con¦fessed that he deyed gyltles of this ma∣ter & neuer had trespaced in y^• he deyed fore. Notwithstandynge he was hanged heeded and quartred / on whos soule god haue mercy. Amen. And Margere ••••rde mayn was brent in smythfelde. ¶Also this yere was a greate fraye in London in flete strete by nyghte tyme bytwene men of court & men of London / and dy¦uerse men slayne and some hurte. and o¦ne Herbotell was the chyef causer of the mysgouernaūce & affray. ¶Also this ye¦re at y^• chesynge of the mayer of Londō the comyus named Robert Clopton & Raulyn Holande talyour / and the alder¦men toke Robert Clopton & broughte hym at the ryghte hande of the mayer / as custome is. And thā certayn talyours and other hande craftes men ••yed nay nay not this man but Raulyn Holande wherfore the mayer that was Padyslye sente theym that so cryed too Newgate where they abode a grete whyle and we¦re punysshed. ¶In this same yere were dyuerse enbassatours sente into Guyon for a maryage for the kynge for the ••••••les doughter of Armynake that whiche was concluded / but by the meane of the erle of Suffolke it was lette and put a parte. ¶And after this the sayd erle of Suffolk went hymself ouer se in Fraū¦ce & there he treated the maryage bytwe¦ne the kynge of Englonde & the kynges doughter of Cycyle and of Iherusalem And the nexte yere it was concluded ful¦ly that maryage by whiche maryage y^• kynge sholde delyuer to hir fader the du¦chye of Angeo and the erldome of Ma∣yn whiche was the keye of Normandye Than departed y^• erle of Suffolke with his wyfe and dyuerse lordes & knyghtes in the moost ryall astate that myght be oute of Englonde with newe chares & palfreys whiche went thrugh the chepe and so wente ouer the see and receyued•• hir and than after in the Lenten brough¦te hir vnto Hampton where she landed and there was ryally receyued. ¶And vpon Can••••masse euen before by a gr••

tempeste of th••ndre and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to at after none / Poules steple was sett on fyre on the myddes of the shaft in y^• tym ••re / whiche was quenchyd by force of la¦bour / & specyally by the morowe masse preest of the Bowe in chepe whiche was thought impossyble sauf only the grace of god. ¶This yere was y^• erle of Staf forde made and create duke of Bukyng ham / therle of wer wyk duke of war wyk the erle of Dorset markys of Dorset / & the erle of Suffolke was made markis of Suffolk.

¶How kynge Henry wedded quene Margarete / and of hyr coronacyon.

THis yere kynge Henry maryed at Such wyk quene Margarete / & she came too London the .xxviii. daye of May. And by y^e waye all y^e lordes of En¦glonde receyued hir worshypfully in dy∣uerse places And in especyall the duke of Gloucestre / & on the black hethe y^e ma∣yer w^t all the aldermen / & all the craftes in blewe gownes broudred with the de∣uyse of his crafte / that they myght be be knowen / met with hir with redde hodes & brought hir to London. where were dy¦uerse pagentys & coūtenaunce of dyuer∣se hystoryes shewed in dyuerse places of y^e cyte ryally & costely. ¶And y^• .xxx. daye of May. y^• forsayd quene was crowned at westmynster. And there was Iustes thre dayes durynge within the Sayn∣twary before the abbaye. ¶This yere y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 your of Kylmayn apeled therle of Vr¦monde of treason. whiche hadde a daye to theym assygned for to fyght in Smy¦thfelde. And the lystes were made. and the felde dressyd. But whan it came too poynt / the kynge cōmaūded y^• they shold not fyghte: but toke the quarell into his h••nde. And this was done at the In∣staunce and labours of certayne prechers & doctours of London / as mayster 〈…〉〈…〉 persone of 〈…〉〈…〉 in Holborn / and other. ¶Also this yere came a greate 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in to Englonde out of Fraūce. for to haue cō¦cluded a parpetuall peas / but in conclu∣syon it torned vnto a trewes for a yere. ¶About this tyme dyed sayne Barnar dyne a gray frere whiche began y^• new reformacōn of y^• ordre in many places / in so moche / that they / that were refor∣med / ben called Obseruauntes / whyche obseruaūtes ben gretly encreased in yea ly and in Almayne. This Barnardyn was canonysed by pope Nicholas the .v. in the yere of oure lorde .M.CCCC.l. ¶Iohannes de Capistrano was his dis¦cyple / whiche profyted moche to y^e refor¦macōn of y^• ordre for god hathe shewed many a fayre miracle. ¶Also here is to be noted / y^t frome this tyme forwarde / kynge Henry neuer proffyted ne went for warde / but fortune began to torne frome hym on all sydes. as well in Fraūce Nor mandye / Guyon. as in Englonde. some men holde oppinyon / y^• kynge Henry ya af commyssyon preuarly to syr Edwar¦de Hull: sir Robert Roos / Deane of sa∣ynt Senerynes and other. to conclude a maryage for hym / with y^e erle of Army nakes syster / whiche was promysed as it was sayd and concluded / & after bro∣ken / and he wedded quene Margarete / as afore is sayd / & a full dere maryage for y^• reme of Englōde. for it was know verily / y^• for to haue hir delyuerde was y^• duchy of Angeo & the erldom of Mayn whiche was y^• keye of Normandye for y^• Frensshmen to entre. ¶And about thys the sayd Markys of Suffolke axyd in playne parlement / a fyftene and an hal¦fe / for to fetche hyr out of Fraunce. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 what a maryage was this as to the com¦paryson of that other maryage. For the re sholde haue be delyuerde. so many ca¦stels & townes in Guyon / & soo muche gold sholde haue be yeuen with hir / y^• all Englonde sholde haue be therby eury∣rhed

/ but contrary wyse fell. wherfore e∣uery grete prynce oughte to kepe his pro¦myse / For bycause of brekynge of thys promyse: & for maryage of quene Marga¦rete / what losse hathe the reame of En∣glonde had / by lesynge of Normandye / & Guyon / by dyuysyon in the reame / y^• rebellynge of comyns ayenst ther prynce & lordes / what dyuysyon amonge y^• lor∣des. what murdre & sleynge of theym / what feldes foughte and made / in con∣clusyon so many y^• many a man hathe loste his lyfe. & in conclusyon the kynge deposyd / & the quene with hyr sone fay∣ne to fle into Scotlonde / & frome thens into Fraūce. & so to Loreyne / the place y^• she came fyrst fro. Many men deme that the brekynge of y^• kynges promyse to y^• syster of the erle of Armynak / was cause of his greate losse and aduersyte.

¶How the duke of Gloucestre the kyn¦ges vncle was arested at the parlemente of Bury / and of his dethe / and how An¦geo in Mayn was delyuered.

IN the .xxvi. yere of kynge Henry was a parlement at Bury. called faynt Edmondes bury. abowte whyche was cōmaūded all the comyns of y^• coū¦tre to be there / in theyr moost beste defen¦syable araye / for to wayte vpon y^• kyn∣ge. To whiche parlement came the du∣ke of Gloucestre. Vmfrey y^• kynges vn¦cle. whiche hadde be protectoure of En∣glonde all y^• noncage of the kynge. And anone after as he was in his lodgynge. he was arested by y^• Vycoūte Beaumont the Conestale of Englonde / whome ac¦companyed the duke of Bukyngham / & many other lordes. And forth with all his seruaūtes were cōmaūded to departe frome hym. And .xxxxii. of the chyef of them were arested. and sente to dyuerse prysons And anone after this sayd arest y^• sayd duke was on the morow deed. on whos soule god haue mercy. but how he dyed & in what maner the certente is not knowe. Some sayd he dyed for sorowe / some sayd he was murdred bytwene two federbedd{is}. some sayd y^• a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 was put in his fūdmente. But how he deyed god knoweth. to whome no thynge is hydde & then whan he was deed. he was layed open y^• all men myght hym see. And soo bothe lordes & knyghtes of y^• shyre. with burgeys. came & sawe hym lye dede. but woūde ne token coude they not perceyve how he dyed. here may men mark 〈◊〉〈◊〉 this worlde is. ¶This duke was a no∣ble man & a grete clerk. 〈…〉〈…〉 fully y^• reame to y^• kynges behoue. & nu∣uer cowde be foūde fawte to hym. But enuye of them y^• were gouernours & had promysed the duchy of Angeo & the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 dome of Mayn. causyd y^• 〈…〉〈…〉 this noble man. For they dradde 〈◊〉〈◊〉 wolde haue empeshyd y^• 〈…〉〈…〉 And after they sente his body to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Albons with certayne lyghtes. for 〈◊〉〈◊〉 buryed. And so syr Geruays of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 had then y^• charge for to conuey y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 And so it was buryed at sayne 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in the abbaye. And fyue persones at his housholde were sente too London and there were they reyned. and Iug••d to be drawen / & hanged / & also quartred. Of whome y^• names were / syr Roger ••ham brelayne a knyghte. & one 〈…〉〈…〉 squyre. Arthur a squyre. and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Nedbam. whiche .v. persones were draw fro the Toure of London thrugh Chepe to Tyborn / & there lete downe 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & thenne stryped too haue ben heeded and quartred / and thenne the Marquay•• of Suffolke shewed there for theym y^• kyn¦ges perdon vnder his grete seale. And so they were pardonned of the remenaunce of all that other 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & had theyr lyued / and so they were broughte ayen∣too London / and after freely delyuered Thus began trowble in this reame of Englonde / for the dethe of thys noble duke of Gloucestre / & all the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of

the reame began for to murmure for it and were not content.

¶After that pope Eugeny was deede / Nicholas the fyfth was elect pope. this Nicholas was chose for Eugeny yet han¦gynge y^• scysme. not withstandyng he ga¦te the obedyence of all crysten reames / for after he was elect and sacred pope / certayne lordes of Fraunce and of En∣glonde / were sent in to Sauoy too pope Felyx. for to entreate hym to scasse of the papacy. And by the specyall laboure of the bysshop of Norwiche and the lord of saynt Iohannes. he sessed the seconde yere after y^• pope Nicholas was sacred / And y^• sayd Felyx was made Legate of Fraunce and Cardynall of Sauoy. and he resygned y^• hole papacy to Nicholas. And after lyued an holy lyfe. and deyed an holy man. And as it is sayd almygh∣ty god shewyth myracles for hȳ. Thys was the .xxiii. scysme bytwene Eugeni and Felyx. and dured .xvi. yere. The cau¦se was this / the generall coūseyll of Ba¦syle deposed Eugeny / whiche was oonly pope and Indubytate. for as moche as he obserued not and kepte the decrees & statutes of the coū••eyll of Constance. as it is sayd before. Nother he rought notte to yeue obedyence to the generall coūseyl in no maner wyse. wherfore arose a gre¦te alteracōn among wryters of this ma¦tere pro et contra•• whiche can not accor¦de vnto this daye / one partye sayth / that the counseyll is aboue the pope. and that other partye sayth nay. but the pope is a¦boue y^• counseyll. God blessed aboue all thynge. yeue and graunte his peas in ho¦ly chirche spouse of cryste Amen. Thys Nicholas was of Iene comen of lowe de¦gre / a doctoure of dyuynyte. an actyf mā he reedyfyed many places that were bro¦ken / & ruynous. and dyd make a walle abowte the palays. and made the walle newe abowte Rome for drede of y^• Tur¦kys. ¶And the people wondred & grete ly merueyllyd of y^• ceasynge & resynȳge of pope Felyx to pope Nicholas / consyde rynge that Nicholas was a man of soo homely a byrth. And that other was of affynyte to all the moost party of crysten prynces / wherfore there was a verse pub¦lysshed. as afore sayd.

¶How syr Fraunsoys Aragonoys toke Fogiers in Normandye. and of the losse of Constantynople by the Turke

IN the yere of kynge Henry .xxvii. beynge trewes bytwene Fraunce and Englonde / a knyghte of y^• Englys∣she partye named syr Fraūces Aragony toke a towne in Normandye. named Fo¦gyers / ayenste the trewes / of whiche ta∣kynge began moche sorowe and losse. for this was the occasyon / by the whiche the Frensshmen gate all Normandye.

¶Abowte this tyme y^• Cyte of Constan¦tynople / whiche was the imperyall cyte in all Grece / was taken by the Turkes Infydels. whiche was bytrayde as some holde oppinyon / and them peroure takē and slayne. and y^• ryall chirche of saynt Sophia robbed and dyspoylled / and the relyques and ymages and the rode draw enge about the stretes / whiche was done in spyte of Crysten fayth and sone after all crysten fayth in Grece perysshed and cessyd. There were many Crysten men slayne. and innumerable solde and put in captyuyte. By y^• takynge of this tow¦ne the Turke gretly was enhauncyd in pryde. & a grete losse to all crystendome. ¶In the .xxviii: yere was a parlement: holden at westmynster) and frome thens adiourned to the blacke freres at Lon∣don / & after crystmas to westmynster a∣yen. ¶And this same yere Robert of ca¦ne a man of the westcoūtre / with a fewe shyppes toke a grete flete of shyppes co∣mynge out of y^• bay. lade with salt. why¦che shyppes were of Pruce / Flaundres Holande and zelonde / and brought thez to Hampton. wherfore the marchaun∣tes

of Englonde beynge in Flaundres / were arested. in Brydges. Ipre & othere places. and myghte not be delyuered / ne theyr dettes dyscharged / tyll they hadde made apoyntment for to paye the hurt{is} of those shyppes / whiche was payde by the marchauntes of the staple euery pe∣ny. And in lyke wyse the marchauntes & goodes beynge in Dansk / were also are sted. and made grete amendes. ¶This same yere y^• Frensshmen in a mornyng toke by a trayne the towne of Poūte all Arche. & therin the lord Fawconbrydge was taken prysoner. And after that in Decembre Rone was taken and lost. be¦ynge therin syr Edmonde duke of So∣merset / and the erle of Shrewesbury / y^e whiche by a poyntment left pledges and lost all Normandye / and come home in to Englonde. And durynge the sayd par¦lement / the duke of Suffolke was ares¦ted / & sent in to the toure & there he was a moneth. & after the kynge dyd do fet∣che hym oute. for whiche cause all the co¦munes were in a greate rumoure / what for the delyueraunce of Angeo & Mayn and after lesynge of all Normandye and in especyall for the dethe of the good du¦ke of Gloucestre / in soo moche in some places men gadred and made them Ca¦pytayns / as Blewherde & other / whiche were take & putte to dethe. And then the sayd parlement adiouned was to Leyce¦tre. And theder the kynge brought with hym the duke of Suffolk. And whan y^• comyns vnderstode that he was oute of the Toure and comen thyder / they desy¦red for to haue execucyon on them that were cause of the delyueraūce of Normā dye / and hadde be cause of the dethe of the duke of Gloucestre: and hadde solde Gascoyn & Guyan / of the whiche they named to be gylty / the duke of Suffolk as chyef / the lorde Saye. the bysshop of Salysbury / Danyell / & many mo. And for to pease y^• comyns. the duke of Suf∣folke was exyled out of Englonde for .v yere. ¶And so durynge the parlemente he wente in to Norfolke. and there he to¦ke hys shyppynge / for to goo oute of the reame of Englonde in to Fraunce. And this yere as he saylled on the see a shypp of werre called Nicholas of y^• tour mett with hys shyp and founde hym therm / whome they toke out / and brought hym in to theyr shyppe to the mayster and y^• capytayne / and there he was eramyned and atte the laste Iuged too dethe. And soo they putte hym in a caban and hys chapelayne wyth hym for to shryne him And that done they brought hym in too Douer rode / and set hym in to the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and smote there of his heede. And brou∣ghte the body a londe vpon the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and sette the heede therby. ¶And thys was done the fyrst daye of May. ¶〈◊〉〈◊〉 what auayled hym nowe all his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 raūce of Normandye. And here 〈◊〉〈◊〉 se how he was rewarded for the deth of y^• duke of Gloucestre thus began sorow vpon sorowe & dethe for dethe.

¶How this yere was Insurreccōn 〈◊〉〈◊〉 te of the comyns / of whome Iack 〈◊〉〈◊〉 an Irysshe man was Capytayne.

THis yere of our lorde .M.CC•••• was the greate grace of the Iu¦byle at Rome / where was grete 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in so moche y^• frome all places in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 dome / greate multytude of people 〈◊〉〈◊〉 tyd thyder. And in this same yere was a greate assemble and gaderynge togy••der of the comunes of Kente in to grece nombre. And made an Insurreccyon & rebelled ayenste the kynge and his law¦es / And ordeyned theym a Capytayne. called Iohan Cade an Irysshman whi¦che named hymself Mortymer / cosyn to the duke of yorke. And this Capytayne helde theym togyder / & made ordynaun∣ces amonge theym / and brought theym to the black hethe / where he made a byll of petycyons to the kynge & his coūseyll

and shewed what Iniuryes and oppres¦syons y^• poore comyns suffred. & vnder colour. for to come to his aboue / & he had a grete multytude of people. ¶And the xxvii. daye of Iune. the kynge & many lordes Capytayns. & men of werre went towarde hym to y^• black heth. And whā the Capytayne of Kent vnderstode y^• co¦mynge of the kynge with so greate puy¦ssaūce. he withdrewe hym & his peple to senok / a lytell vyllage. ¶And the .xxviii day of Iune he brynge withdrawen and gone y^• kyng came with his armye set in ordre & enbataylled to y^• black heth. and by aduys of his coūsell. sent syr Vmfrey Stafforde knyght / & wyllyam Staffor¦de 〈◊〉〈◊〉 two valyaunt Capytayns / w^t certayne people for to fyght with the ca¦pytayne & to take & brynge hym & his ac¦cessaryes to the kynge / whiche went too Senol: And the Capytayne with hys felyshyp and mette with them. & fought ayenste theym and in conclusyon slewe theym bothe and as many as abode & wolde not yelde theym / were slayne.

¶Durynge this skyrmysshe. felle a gre¦tr varyaunce amonge y^• lordes men and comyn people beynge on black heth ayē¦ste them lordes & capytayns / saynge pla¦ynly y^• they wolde go vnto the capytayne of Kent. to assyst & helpe hym / but yf they myght haue / execucōn on the tray∣tours beynge about the kynge. wherto y^• kynge sayd nay. And they sayd playnly that the lorde Saye tresourer of Englō¦de / and the bysshop of Salysbury / and y^• baron of Dubby / the abbot of Glouces¦tre / Danyell / & Treuilyon / & many mo were traytours / and worthy to be dede. wherfore for to please the lordes meny & also some of the kynges hous / y^• lorde Saye was arested and sent to the toure of London. And then the kynge herynge tydynges of the dethe and ouerthrowen¦ge of the Staffordes he withdrewe hym to London / and frome thens to Kelyng worth / For the kynge ne the lordes durst not truste theyr owne housholde men.: / ¶Then after that the Capytayne had had this vyctory. vppon the Staffordes anone he toke syre Vmfreys salette. and his Brygantynes smyten full of gylte. naylles / and also hys gylte sporys and arayed hym lyke a lorde & a ••apytayne and resorted with all his menye / & also mo than he had before. to the black heth ayen. To whome came y^• Archebysshop of Caunterbury / and the duke of Bo∣kyngham to the blacke hethe. and spa∣ke with hym / And as it was sayd / they founde hym wytty in his talkynge and his requeste / & so they departyd. ¶And the thyrde day of Iuly he came & entred into London with all his people And the re dyde make cryes in the kynges name and in his name / that noo man sholde robbe / ne take no manere goodes / but yf he payed for it. And came rydynge thru¦ghe the cyte in greate pryde / and smote. his swerde vppon London stone in Can wyk strete. ¶And he beynge in y^• cyte sē¦te to the toure for to haue the lorde Say And so they fette hym / & brought him to the yelde halle before y^e mayre & th alder men / where y^• he was examyned. And he sayd / he wolde and oughte to be Iugyd by his perys. And the comyns of Kente toke hym by force frome the Mayer & offycers that kept hym / and toke hym to a prest / to shryue hym. And or he myght be halfe shryuen / they broughte hym to the standarde in the Chepe syde / & there smote of his hede / on whos soule god ha¦ue mercy. Amen. And thus deyed the lor¦de Saye tresourer of Englonde. After this they sette his heede vpon a spere. & bare it all aboute the cyte. And the same daye abowte Myle ende / Cromere was beheeded / And the daye before atte after noone / the Capytayne with certayne of his men / wente to Phylyp Malpas hou¦se / and robbyd hym / and toke awaye moche good / And frome thens he went to saynt Margaretes patens to one Ger¦tys

hous / and robbed hym. & toke away fro hym moche good also. At whiche rob bynge dyuerse men of London / of theyr neyghbours were at and toke part with theym. ¶For this robbynge the peoples hertes felle frome hym / and euery thryf¦ty man was a ferde / for to be serued in ly¦ke wyse. For there was many a man in London / that awayted and wolde fayn ha••e seen a comyn robbery / whiche almi¦ghty god forbyd. For it is to suppose yf he hadde not robbed: he myght haue go∣ne ferre / or he had be withstonde. for the kynge / and all the lordes of the reame of Englonde / were departed except the lorde Scalys / that kept the toure of Lon¦don. ¶And the fyfte daye of Iuyll. he dyd do smyte of a mannes hede in south werke. And the nyghte after the Mayer of London with y^e aldermen & the comy¦nes of the cyte / concluded to dryue away the Capytayne and his hoost. And sente to the lorde Scalys to the toure and too Mathe gough a Capytayn of Norman dye / that they wolde that nyght assayll the Capytayne with them of Kent. And so they dyd come too London brydge / in Such werke / or the Capytayne had ony knowlege therof / and they fought with them that kept the brydge. And the Kē¦tysshmen wente to harnes / and came to the brydge / & shot and foughte with thē and gate the brydge / and made theym of London too flee and slewe many of them. & this endured all the nyght to & fro / tylle one of the clocke of the morow And at the laste they brente the drawe brydge. where many of theym of Londō were drowned. In the whiche nyght sut¦t••n an Alderman of London was slayn Roger Heysaunte / Mathe Gough / and many other. And after this the chaunce¦ler of Englonde sent to the Capytayne a pardon generalle for hym & an other for his menye. And then they departed fro Suth werke / euery man to his owne hous. ¶And whan they were all depar¦tyd and goon / there was proclamacyons made in Kent / Southsex and other pla¦ces / y^• what man coude take the capytay¦ne quycke or deed / sholde haue a thousā∣de pounde. ¶And after this one Alexan¦der yden a squyre of Kent toke hym in a garden in Southsex / and in taken Iohn̄ Cade capytayne was slayne / & beheded and his heede set vpon London brydg•••• And anone after / the kynge came in to Kente / and dyde his Iustyces sytte atte Caunterbury / & enquered who was cau¦sers and cheyf cause of this Insurreccōn And there were .viii. men Iugyd to the dethe in one daye. and in other places mo And frome thens the kynge went in to Southsex / and in to the weste countree / where a lytell before was slayne the bys∣shop of Salysbury. And this same yere there were so many Iugyd to dethe that thre heedes stode vppon London brydge atte ones.

¶Of the felde y^• the duke of yorke toke at Brentheth in Kent / & of the byrth of prynce Edwarde / and of the fyrste bata¦ylle atte saynt Albons. where the duke of Somerset was slayne.

IN the .xxx. yere of y^• kynge the du¦ke of yorke came out of the Mar che of walys / with therle of Deueush•••••• & the lorde Cobham & grete 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for reformacyon of certayne 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & wronges and also to haue Iustyce vpon certayne lordes beynge about y^• kynge / & toke a felde at Brentheth besyde •••••• ford in Kent. whiche was a strong felde for whiche cause the kynge with all his lordes went vnto the blacke hethe. with a greate and a stronge multytude of pe∣ple armyd / and ordeyned for y^• werre in the beste wyse. And whanne they hadde mustred on y^• hethe / certayne lordes we∣re tho sente vnto hym. for to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 & ma¦ke apoyntment with hym. whiche were the bysshop of Ely. the bysshop of wyn∣chestre

/ therles of Salysbury and of war wyk / And they concluded that the duke of Somerset sholde be hadde to warde. and to answere to suche artycles as the duke of Yorke sholde put on hym. And then the duke of yorke sholde breke hys felde / & come to the kynge. whiche was all promysed by the kynge. And soo the kynge cōmaunded. that the duke of So∣merset sholde be hadde in to warde. and thenne the duke of Yorke brake vp his felde and came to the kynge. And whan he was come contrary to the promyse a fore made the duke of Somerset was presente in the felde / awaytynge and che¦yf abowte the kynge / And made the du¦ke of Yorke ryde before as a prysonere thrugh London. And after they wold ha¦ue put hym in holde. But anoyse arose that therle of Marche his sone. was co∣mynge with .x. thousande men to Londō warde wherfore the kynge and hys coū∣seyll feryd / And theme they concluded / that the duke of yorke sholde departe at his owne wyll. ¶Abowte this tyme be∣ganne greate deuysyon in Spruce bytwe¦ne the greate mayster and the knyghtes of the duchye ordre / whiche were lordes of that countree. For the comyns & tow¦nes rebelled ayenst the lordes and made so greate werre that at the laste they cal¦led the kynge of Pole to be theyr lorde / the whiche kynge came & was worshyp fully receyued / And besyeged the castell / of Mariengburgh / whiche was the che∣yf castell of strength of all the londe. and wanne it & droue out y^• mayster of Das¦ke / & all othere places of that londe and so they that hadde ben lordes many ye∣res. lost all theyr seygnou••ye & possessy¦ons in tho londes ¶And in the yere of y^• Incarnacōn of our lorde .M.cccc.liii. on saynt Edwardes daye. quene Marga¦rete was delyuerde of a fayr prynce whi¦che named was Edwarde. That same day Iohn̄ Norman was chosen for too be mayer of London. And the daye that he sholde take his othe at westmynster / he went thyder by water with all y^• craf¦tes / where afore tyme y^• mayer / aldermē & the craftes rode on horsbacke y^• which was neuer vsyd after. For syn that tym they haue euer goon by water in botes & barges.

¶Ye haue well vnderstond before how y^• contrary to the promyse of the kynge & also the conclusyons take bytwene the kynge & the duke of yorke at Brentheth the duke of Semerset went not to ward but abode about the kynge / & hadde gre¦te rule / And anone after he was made Capytayne of Calays. & ruled the kyng & his reame as he wolde / wherfore the grete lordes of y^• reme / & also y^e comyns were not pleased: For whiche cause the duke of Yorke / the erle of warwyk / the erle of Salysbury with many knyghtes and squyres / and moche other people ca¦me to remeue the sayd duke of Somerset and other fro the kynge / And the kyng herynge of theyr comynge / thoughte by his coūseyll for to haue gone westwarde &. not for to haue mette with them. And had w^t hym the duke of Somerset y^• du¦ke of Bokyngham / y^• erle of Stafforde the erle of Northūberlond / y^e lorde Clyf¦forde / & many other. ¶And what tyme that the duke of yorke and his felyshypp vnderstode / that the kynge was depar∣ted with the lordes frome London / ano¦ne he chaūged his way / & costed y^• coūtre and came to saynt Albons the .xxiii. day of May. and there mette with the kynge to whome the kynge sence certayne lor∣des and desyred theym to kepe the peas / & depart: But in conclusyon whyle they treated on y^• one syde / the erle of wer wyk with the Marche men and other / entred in to the towne on that other syde / and fought ayenst the kynge & his partye / & so began the batayll and fyghtynge whi¦che endured a greate whyle / But in con¦clusyon the duke of yorke obteyned. and hadde the vyctory of that Iourneye / In

whiche was slayne the duke of Somer∣set / the erle of Northumberlonde. the lor¦de Clyfforde. & many knyghtes & squy¦res / & many moo hurte / And on the mor¦ne after they broughte y^• kynge in grete astate to London / whiche was lodged in y^• bysshops palays of London. And ano¦ne after was a grete parlement at Lon¦don / in whiche parlemente the duke of yorke. was made protectour of Englon∣de / & the erle of werwyk Capytayne of Calays / the erle of Salysbury Chaunce¦ler of Englonde. And all suche persones as had the rule before aboute the kynge were set a part / & myght not rule as they dyd before. ¶And this same yere deyed pope Nicholas the fyfte. and after hym was Calixt y^• thyrde. This Calixt was a Catalane / & the actes of hym shall be shewed here after folowynge.

¶In this same yere fell a grete affraye in London ayenste the Lumbardes. the cause began / bycauce a yonge man to∣ke a dager frome a Lumbarde & brake it. wherfore the yonge man on the mor∣ne was sente fore to come before y^• Ma∣yer & the aldermen and there for the of∣fence. he was commytted to warde. and thenne the mayer departed fro the yelde halle / for to go home to hys dyner / But in the Chepe the yonge men of the mer∣cerye for the moost partye prentyses. hel∣de the Mayre & Shyrefs styll in Chepe. and wolde not suffre theym too departe / vnto the tyme that theyr felowe / whiche was commytted to warde / were delyue red: and so by force they rescowed theyr felowe frome pryson. And that done the Mayre departed and the Shyrefs also / & the prysoner delyuerd. which yf he had be put to pryson. he had be in Ieoperdye of hys lyfe. And theme beganne a ru∣moure in the cyte ayenst the Lumbardes And the same euenynge the hondcrafty men of the towne arose / and ranne to y^• Lumbardes houses and dyspoyled and robbed dyuers of them. wherfore y^• May •••• and the Aldermen came with the ho¦nest people of the cyte. and droue them thens / and sent some of theym that had stollen to Newgate. ¶And y^• yong man that was rescowed by his felowes / sawe this greate rumoure. affraye & robbery / ensewed / of his fyrste meuynge to y^• Lom¦barde / departyd & went to westmynster to sayntwary. Or elles it had coste him his lyfe. for anone after came downe an Oyer determyne. for to do Iustyce on al theym that so rebelled in the cyte ayenst the Lumbardes / On whiche sate with y^• Mayre that tyme wyllyam Marowe / y^• duke of Bokyngham. & many other lort des / to se execucyon done / But the comy¦nes of the cyte secretly made them redy and dyd arme them in theyr houses and were in purpoos to haue rongen the co∣myne belle / whiche is callyd bowe belle. but they were lette by sadde men which came to the knowlege of the duke of ••••¦kyngham & other lordes. And in conty∣nent they arose / for they durst no lenger abyde / for they dowtyd that the hole 〈◊〉〈◊〉 te sholde haue rysen ayenst theym. But yet neuertheles two or thre of the cyte we re Iugyd to dethe for this robbery / and were hangyd and Tyberne. ¶Anone af∣ter the kynge and the quene / & other lor∣des rode to Couētre & withdrewe theym fro London. for this cause. And a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 be¦fore y^• duke of yorke was sent for to g••••••newych. & there was dyschargyd of the protectourshypp. & therle of Salysbury of his Chauncelershyp. And after thys they were sent fore by preuy scale for too come to Couentre / where they were al∣moost dysceyued / & the erle of wer wyke also & sholde haue ben dystroyed yf they had not seen well to.

¶Howe the lorde Egremonde was take by the erle of Salysbury sones / and of y^• robbynge of Sandwytche.

THis yere were taken foure grete fysshes bytwene Ereth & Londō That one was called Mors Maryne / y^• seconde was a swerde fysshe & the other ••••eyne were whalys. ¶In this same yere / for certayne affrayes done in y^• nor the countre bytwene lorde Egremond & the erle of Salysbury sones. the sayd lor¦de Egremond whome they had condēp¦ned in a greate somme of moneye to the sayd Erle of Salysbury / and therfor he was commytted into pryson in Newega¦te in London / where whan he had be a certayne space he brake the pryson / and thre prysoners with hym / & escaped and went his waye: & Also this yere y^• erle of warwyk & his wyfe went to Calays w^t a fayr felysshyp & toke possessyon of his offyce / ¶Abowte this tyme was a grete reformacyon of many monesteryes of relygyon in dyuerse partyes of the worl de / whiche were refourmed after y^• fyrste Instytucyon / & contynued in many pla∣ces. ¶This same yere was a greate ba¦tayll in the Marches bytwene the londe of Hungry and Turkey / at a place cal¦led Septedrad / where Innumerable tur¦kys were slayne / more by miracle thann by mannes honde / for oonly the hond of god smote theym / Saynt Iohn̄ of Ca∣pystrane was there present. & prouokyd the crysten people beynge theme aferde for co pursue after the Turkys / where an Infynyte multytude were slayne and dystroyed & the Turkys sayd / that a gre¦te nombre of armyd men folowed them that they were aferde to turne ayen and they were holy angelles. ¶This same yere the prysoners of Newgate in Lon∣don brake theyr pryson / and went vpon the ledes and fought ayenst theym of y^• cyte / and kepte the gate a longe whyle / But atte the laste the towne gate y^• pry¦son on theym. And thenne they were put in fettres and yrens / & were sore punys¦shed in ensample of other. ¶In this ye¦re also. there was a greate erthquake in Naples / in so moche that there perysshyd xl. thousande people. that sanke therein to the erthe. ¶Also in the .xxxvi. yere sa¦ynt Osmonde somtyme bysshop of Sa¦lysbury was canonysed at Rome by po¦pe Calist. & y^• .x. day of Iuly he was trās¦latyd at Salysbury by the bysshopp of Caūterbury & many other bysshoppes. ¶And in August after syr Pers de bra¦say seneschall of Normandye / with the Capytayne of Depe & many other Ca¦pytaynes / & men of werre went to the se with a greate Nauy. & came into y^• dow¦nes by nyghte. And on the morne erly be¦fore daye they londed and came to Sand wytche / bothe by londe & water / & toke the towne / and ryfled and dyspoyled it / And toke many prysoners / and left the towne all bare / whiche was a ryche pla¦ce and moche goode therin / And ladde with theym many ryche prysoners / In this same yere in many places of Fraū¦ce Almayne / Flaundres Holonde and ze¦londe / chyldren gadred theym togyders by greate companyes / for to goo on pyl∣grymage to saynt Myghels mounte in Normandye / whiche came fro ferre coū¦trees / wherof the people merueyled. And many supposyd y^• some wyckyd spyryte meued thē to do so. but it dured not long by cause of the longe way & also for lac / of vytaylle as they wente. ¶In this ye∣re Reynolde Pecok bysshop of Chestre / was foūde an heretyke / and the thyrde daye of Decembre was adiured at Lam¦beth in presence of the Archebysshop of Caunterbury & many other bysshoppes doctours & lordes temporall / and his bo¦kes brent at Poules crosse.

¶And ye haue herde before howe cer∣tayne lordes were slayne atte saynt Al∣bons / wherfore was alwaye a grutchyn¦ge / and wrathe hadde by y^• heyres of thē that so were slayne / ayenste the duke of yorke / the erles of werwyk and of Salys¦bury / wherfore the kynge by the aduys of hys counseyll sente for theym vnto Lon∣don

to whiche place the duke of Yorke came the .xxvi. daye of Ianueri w^t four hundred men and lodged hym at Bay∣nerdes castell in his owne place. ¶And the .xv. daye of Ianuer came the erle of Salysbury with .v. hundred men & was lodged in therber his owne place. ¶And then came the duke of Excetre & of So¦merset w^t .viii.C. men / & laye withoute / temple barre / ¶And the erle of Northū¦berlonde / and the lorde Egremonde / the lorde Clyfforde with .xv. hundred men / & lodged without the towne. ¶And the Mayre that tyme Geffraye Boloyne / kepte greate watche with the comyns of the cyte / and rode abowte the cytce by Holborne and Fletestrete / with a .v. thou sande men well arayed and armyd. for to kepe the peas / ¶And the .xiii. day of Feuerer y^• erle of warwyk came to Lon∣don. fro Calays well beseen & worshyp∣fully with .v. hundred men in redde Ia¦kectes broudred with a ragged staff be∣hynde and before. and was lodged at y^• gray freres / ¶And the .xv. daye of Mar¦che the kynge came to London & the que¦ne. And there was accorde & peas made among y^• lordes / & they were set in peas And on our lady daye y^• .xv. day of Mar¦che. in y^• yere of our lorde .M.cccc.lviii. y^e kynge & the quene & all y^• lordes went on processyon at Poules in London. & ano∣ne after y^• kynge & the lordes departed. & in this yere was a grete fraye in Flete strete bytwene men of courte & men of y^• same strete. In whiche fraye the quenes Attourney was slayne.

¶How the kynges housholde made a fraye ayenst the erle of werwyk / & of the Iourneye at bloreheth.

ALso this same yere as the erle of werwyk was at coūseyll at west mynster all the kynges housholde meny gadred them togyder / for to haue slayne the sayd erle. But by the helpe of god & his frendes he recouerde his barge / and escapyd theyr euyll enterpryse / how well the cokes came rennynge out with spyt∣tes and pestels ayenst hym. And the sa∣me daye he rode towardes warwyk and sone after he gate hym a commyssyon / and went ouer the see towarde Calays ¶Sone after this therle of Salysbury comynge to London / was encoūtred att Bloreheth with the lorde Audley. & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 other people ordeyned to dystroy 〈◊〉〈◊〉 But he hauynge knowlege y^• he sholde be mette with / was accompanyed with his two sones syr Thomas and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Io¦han Neuell / & a grete felyshyp 〈…〉〈…〉 men. And so they faught togeter 〈◊〉〈◊〉 theerle of Salysbury 〈…〉〈…〉 And the lorde Audley was 〈…〉〈…〉 many gentylmen of 〈…〉〈…〉 people hurte. & the erles two 〈…〉〈…〉 hurte. & goynge homewarde 〈…〉〈…〉 they were taken / & had to 〈…〉〈…〉 quenes menye.

¶After Calixt Pius was pope 〈◊〉〈◊〉 chose this yere .M.cccc. 〈…〉〈…〉 was callyd before Eneas an 〈…〉〈…〉 man / and a poete 〈…〉〈…〉 em¦bassatour of y^• Emperour before 〈◊〉〈◊〉 And he wrote in the 〈…〉〈…〉 a noble treatyse for 〈…〉〈…〉 me / Also he canoursed 〈…〉〈…〉 of Senys / This pope ordeyned 〈…〉〈…〉 dulgence and pard•••••• 〈…〉〈…〉 de go & werre ayenst the 〈…〉〈…〉 te a pystle to y^• greate Turke 〈…〉〈…〉 hym to become crysten. And in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ordeyned a passage ayenstre y^• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Ankon / to whiche mo••ke people drewe out of all partyes of 〈…〉〈…〉 whiche people he sence many home 〈◊〉〈◊〉 by cause they suff•••••• not & anone after he dyed at y^• sayd Ankon y^• yere of oure lorde .M.cccc.lxiii. the .xiiii. daye of August.

¶How Andrewe Trollop and the soul dyours of Calays forsoke the duke of yorke & theyr mayster therle of warwyk in the weste countre.

THe duke of yorke / y^• erles of war¦wyk and of Salysbury / sawe y^e gouernaunce of the reame stode mooste by the quene and hir counseyll / and how the greate prynces of the londe were not callyd to coūseyll but sett a parte / & not oonly so but it was sayd thrugh the rea¦me / y^• tho sayd lordes shold be dystroyed as it openly was shewed at Blorehethe by them y^• wolde haue slayne the erle of Salysbury. Then for sauacōn of theyr lyues & also for y^• comyn wele of y^• rea¦me thought for to remedy thyse thyng{is} assembled them togyder with moche pe¦ple and toke a felde in the west countre to whiche therle of warwyk came fro ca¦lars w^t many of the olde souldyours as Andrewe Trollop and other / in whose wysdome as for the werre he trustyd mo¦che vpon And / whan they were thus as¦sembled & made theyr felde. y^• kyng sent out his cōmyssyons & preuy seales vnto all y^• lordes of his reame / to come & way¦te on hym in theyr moost beste defensa∣ble araye And so euery man came in su¦che wyse. y^• the kynge was stronger / and had more people than the duke of yorke & therles of werwyk & of Salisbury. for it is here to be notyd y^e euery lorde in En¦glonde at this tyme / durst not dysobeye the quene / so she rulyd peasybly all that was done abowt the kynge whiche was a good and a well dyspoysed man. And then whan the kynge was come too the place where they were the duke of yorke & his felyshyp made theyr feld in y^• stron¦gest wyse / & purposyd veryly to abyde & haue fouzte. But in the nyght Andrwe Trollop & all the olde souldyours of Ca¦lays with a greate felyshyppe / sodeynly departyd out of the dukes hoost / & wen¦te strayte vnto the kynges felde / where they were receyued Ioyously. for they kn¦ewe thentent of thother lord{is} / & also the maner of theyr felde / And then the duke of yorke with y^• other lordes. seynge thez dysceyued / toke a counseyll shortly in y^e same nyght. and departed frome the fel¦de / leuynge behynde them the moste par¦tye of theyr people to kepe the felde tylle on the morowe / Then the duke of york with his seconde sone departyd thrughe walys towarde Irlonde / leuynge his el∣dest sone therle of Marche with the erles of werwyk & of Salysbury. whiche ro∣de togyder w^t thre or four persones stray¦ght in to Deuenshyre / & there by helpe & ayde of one Denham / gate a shyp why¦che coste a .xi. score nobles / & with the sa¦me shyp sayled fro thens in to Gernescy & there refresshed theym / & frome thens sayled to Calays. where they were recey ued in to y^• castell by the postern̄. or they of the towne wyst of it / And the duke of yorke toke shyppynge in walys. and say¦led ouere in too Irlonde / where he was well receyued.

¶How the erles of Marche / werwik and Salysbury entred in too Calays & how the erle of werwyke wente in to Ir¦londe.

THen kynge Henry with his host in the felde / notte knowynge of this sodeyne departynge / on the morow foūde none in y^e felde of the sayd lordes. sent out in all y^e hast men for to folowe & pursue after to take them / but they met not with them as god wolde / And then the kynge went to Ludlowe / & dyspoyled the castell & the towne / And sent the du¦chesse of yorke & her chyldren to the du∣chesse of Bokyngham her syster / where / she was kept longe tyme after / And for¦th with the kynge ordeyed the duke of Somerset / to be Capytayne of Calays and thyse other lordes so departed / as a∣fore is sayd / were proclamyd rebels and greate traytours. Then the duke of So¦merset toke to hym all the souldyours y^•

departyd fro the felde / and made hym re¦dy in all the hast / for to go too Calays / and take possessyon of his offyce / And whanne he came he fonde therle of wer¦wyk therin as Capytayne / & the erles of Marche & of Salysbury also / & then he londed by Scalys & went to Gynes & there he was receyued / And it fortuned that some of thoo shyppes y^• came ouer with hym. came in to Calays hauen by ther fre wyll / for y^• shypmen ought more fauour to therle of werwyk than to y^• du¦ke of Somerset / in whiche shyppes were take dyuerse men / as Ienyn Fynkyl Io¦han felowe. Kaylles and Purser: whiche were beheded sone after in Calays. and after this came men dayly ouer these to thyse lordes too Calays / and began for to wexe stronger and stronger. and they borowed moche goode of the Staple / & on that other syde y^e duke of Somerset beynge in Gynes / gate people too hym whiche came out and scarmysshed wyth theym of Calays / and they of Calays with them whiche endured many dayes Durynge this skermysshynge. moche pe¦ple came ouer dayly vnto thyse lordes / ¶Then on a tyme by thaduys & coun∣seyll of the lordes at Calays sente ouer mayster Denham with a grete felyshyp to Sandwytche / whiche toke the towne & therin y^e lorde Ryuers & the lorde Sca¦lys his sone / & toke many shyppes in the hauen / & brought them all to Calays w^t whiche shyppes many maryners of ther fre wyll / came to Calays / to serue therle of werwyk / And after this the Erle of werwyk by the aduys of the lordes. toke all his shyppes and manned theym wel and sayled hymself in too Irlonde. for too speke with the duke of yorke / and to ke hys aduys how they sholde entre into Englond. And whan that he had be the¦re and done his erandes / he retorned ayē towardes Calays / and broughte with hym his moder the countesse of Salys∣bury / And comynge in the weste countre on the see./y^• duke of Excetre Admirall of Englonde beynge in y^• grace of du••c cōpanyed w^t many shypp{is} of werre. met with the erle of werwyk & his flete. but they faught not / for y^• substaūce of y^• pe¦ple beynge w^t the duke of Excetre. ought better wyll & fauoure to the erle of wer∣wyk than to hym / & they departed & ca¦me too Calays in sauftee ¶Then the the kynges coūseyll seynge y^• thyse lord{is} had goten those shyppes fro Sandwhtche. & taken the lorde Ryuers & his s••ue ordeyned a garyson at Sandwytche 〈◊〉〈◊〉 abyde & kepe y^• towne & made one 〈◊〉〈◊〉 forde capytayne of y^• towne & y^e ••••••¦vytaylle ne marchaust. y^• shold ge to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 unders / sholde go to calays Thithes of Calays seynge this made D••••ham & many other to go to Sandwytche & as sayled y^• towne by londe & by water 〈◊〉〈◊〉 it. & brought y^• capytayne ouer se and smote of his heed & yet dayly men came ouer to theym fro all partyes.

¶How therle of Marche and of W••••¦wyk and of Salysbur•• catred in to E••tglonde / & of y^• felde of Northapton w••e¦re dyuerse lordes were llayne.

ANd after this y^• forsayd erles of Marche warwyk & Salysbur•• came ouer to Douer with moche people & there londed / to whome all y^• count••e drewe / & came to London all armyd & for to lete the lordes of y^• kynges coūsell knowe theyr truth & also they entente•• assembled theym. and tolde theym that they entended no harme to y^• kyng{is} per¦sone / sauf y^• they wolde put frome hym suche persones as were about hym. And so departed frome London wyth a gre∣te puyssaunce towarde Northampton / where the kynge was accompanyed w^t many lordes / and made a stronge felde withoute the towne And there both par¦tyes met. & was fought a greate batayll In whyche batayll were llayne the du∣ke

of Bokyngham and therle of Shrew¦esbury / the vycount Beamonde / y^• lorde Egremonde / and many other knyghtes and squyres / and other also / and the kȳ¦ge hymself was taken in the felde / and afterwarde brought to London / And a none after was a parlement at westmȳ¦ster /durynge whiche parlement the duke of Yorke came out of Irlonde / with y^e erle of Rutlonde / rydynge with a greate felyshyp into the palays atte westmyn∣ster / and toke the kynges palays & came in to the parlement chambre / & there to¦ke the kynges place / & claymyd y^e crow∣ne as his propre enherytauūce & ryghte. & caste forth in wrytynge his tytle / & al¦so how he was ryghtfull heyre / wherfor was moche to doo / but in conclusyon it was appoynted & cōcluded / y^e kyng Hen¦ry sholde regne & be kynge / durynge his naturall lyfe for as moche as he hadde be kynge so longe / & was possessyd / & af∣ter his dethe the duke of Yorke shold be kynge & his heyres kynges after hym / & forth w^t sholde be proclamyd heyre ap¦paraūt & shold also be protectour & re∣gete of Englonde durynge y^• kyng{is} lyf w^t many other thyng{is} ordened in y^e same parlement / & yf kynge Henry durynge his lyf / went frome this apoyntmente or ony artycle cōcludyd in y^• sayd parlemēt he sholde be deposyd / & the duke sholde take the crowne & be kynge. all whyche thynges were enacted by thauctoryte of y^• same / at whiche parlement y^e comyns of the reame beynge assembled in the co¦myn hous / comynyng and treatyng vp¦pon the tytle of the for sayd duke of yor¦ke / sodeynly fell downe the crowne / whi¦che henge thenne in the myddes of the sa¦yd hous whiche is the frayter of the ab∣baye of westmynster / whiche was taken for a prodyce or token / y^• the regne of kȳ¦ge Henry was endyd. & also the crowne whiche stode on the hyghest toure of the stleple in the castell of Douer / fell dow∣ne this same yere.

¶How the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Yorke was slayne. and of the felde of wakefelde / and of y^e seconde Iourneye at saynt Albons by y^e quene and the prynce.

BIcause the quene with the prynce her sone / was in the northe. and absent her fro the kynge. and obeyed not suche thynges cōcluded in the parlemen¦te. was ordeyned y^• the duke of yorke as protector. sholde go northwarde. to bryn in y^• quene / & subdue suche as wolde not obey / with whome went the erle of Sa∣lysbury / syr Thomas Neuyll his sone / with moche people And at wakefelde in Cristmas weke / they were ouerthrowe and slayne by lordes of the quenes parti that is to wyte. the duke of yorke. was slayne. the erle of Rotlonde. Syr Tho∣mas Neuyl & many mo / & the erle of sa¦lysbury was take & other / as Iohan Ha∣rowe of London capytayne & ruler of y^e fotemen & haūson of hull. whiche were brought to poūfret / & there beheeded. & ther hedes sent to yorke. & set vpon y^e ya¦tes / & thus was y^e noble prynce slayne: the duke of yorke / on whos soule god ha ue mercy. And this tyme therle of Mar:+che beynge in Shrowesbury. herynge y^e deth of his fader: desyred ayde of y^• tow¦ne to auenge his faders dethe. & fro thēs went to walys / & at Candelmasse after he had a batayll at Mortimers crosse: a∣yenst therle of Penbroke & of wyleshtyre where the erle of Marche had y^e vyctori Then the quene with those lordes of the north after y^t they had dystressyd & slayn the duke of yorke and his felysshyp / ca∣me south warde with a greate multytude of people / for to come to the kynge and defete suche conclusyons as had be take before by the parlement / ayenst whoos comynge y^• duke of Northfolke. the erle of werwyk / with moche peple & ordyna¦unce. went to sayne Albons / and lad kin¦ge Henry with them / & there encountred to vyder in suche wyse / and faught: so y^•

the duke of Northfolke & therle of wer∣wyk / with many other of ther party fled and lost that Iourneye. where that kyn¦ge Henry was taken with the quene and prynce Edwarde his sone / whiche two had goten that felde. Then the quene & hir partye beynge at hir aboue / s••nt ano¦ne to London / whiche was on an Asshe∣wenesdaye the fyrst daye of Lente for vi tayll / for whiche the Mayre ordeyned by thaduys of y^e Aldermen. y^• certen cartes lade w^t vytayll sholde be sente to saynt Albons to them. & whan tho cartes cam¦to Crepyll gate / the comyns of the Cyte that kepte that gate / toke the vytaylles fro the cartes and wolde not suffre it to passe. Thenne were there certayn Alder men & comyns apoynted to go vnto ber¦net / to speke with the quenes counseylle to entreate that the northern men shold be sente home ayen. in to theyr coūtre. for the cyte of London drad to be dyspoyled yf they hadde come. ¶And duryng this treatyse / tydynges came. that the erle of warwyk had met with the erle of Mar∣che on Cottes wolde comynge out of wa¦lys with a greate menye of walsshmen / and that they bothe were comynge vnto London warde / Anone as thyse tydyn∣ges were knowe. the treatyse was broke for the kygne. quene / prynce / & all the o∣ther lordes y^• were with the departed fro saynt Albons north warde with all ther people. yet or they departyd thens they be heeded y^• lorde Bonuyll & sir Thomas Kryell. whiche were taken in y^e Iourney done on Shrouetewesdaye. ¶Then the duchesse of yorke keynge at London / he rynge of the losse of the felde of saynt Al¦bon••/ sente ouer see hir two yonge sones George & Rycharde / whiche wente too Vtrech. & Philyp Malpas a ryche mar∣chaunte of London. Thomas Vaghan squyre / mayster wyllyam Ha••clyf & ma¦ny other / ferynge of the comynge of the quene to London. toke a shyp at And wer¦pe to haue gone in to zelande. & on that other coste / were taken of one Colomy∣ne a Frensshman / a shyp of werre. And he toke theym prysoners / & brought thē in to Fraunce. where they payed greate good for theyr raunson. & there was gre¦te gode & rychesse in y^• shyppe.

¶Of the deposynge of kynge Henry y^• vi. and how kynge Edwarde y^e fourthe toke possessyon. & of y^• batayll on Palm¦sondaye / & how he was crowned.

THen whan the erle of Marche. & the erle of warwyk had mette to gyder on Cottyswold / incontynent they concludyd to go to London / & sent word anone to the Mayre & too the cyte that they wolde come / and anone y^• cyte was gladde of theyr comynge hopynge to be releuyd by theym. and soo they came too London. And whan they were come and hadde spoke with the lordes and estates beynge there / concluded for as moche as kynge Henry was gone with them north¦warde / that he had forfeyted his crowne and ought to be deposyd accordynge vn¦to the actes made and passyd in the last parlement. And so by the aduys of y^• lor¦des spyrytuall and temporall. thenne be ynge at London / the erle of March Ed¦warde by the grace of god Eldest sone of the duke Rycharde of Yorke as ryght fulle heyre / and nexte enherytour to hys fader / the fourth daye of Marche the ye¦re of our lorde god .M.CCCC.lix. toke possessyon of the reame. at westmynster in the chirche of the abbaye. & offred as kynge w^t the ceptreryall. To whome all y^e lord{is} spyrytuall & tēporall dyde hama¦ge / as to theyr souerayne lorde & kynge. And forthwith if was proclamid thrugh the cyte kynge Edwarde the fourth by / name / And anone after the kynge rode in his ryalle estate northwarde with all his lordes to subdue his subge••t{is} y^• tyme beynge in y^• north. and for to auenge his faders dethe. And on Palmsondaye af∣ter

he had a greate batayll in the northe coūtre at a place called Towton / not fer from yorke. where with the helpe of god he gate the felde and hadde the vyctory where were slayne of his aduersaryes / xxx. thousande men & mo. as it was sayd by them that were there. In whiche ba∣tayll was slayne the erle of Northumber londe / the lorde Clyfforde syr Iohn̄ Ne∣uyll the erle of westmerlondes brother / Andrewe Trollop / & many knyghtes & squyres. ¶Thenne kynge Henry that had be kynge / beynge with the quene & the prynce at yorke / herynge the losse of that felde: & somoche peole slayne and ouerthrowe / anone forth with departed all thre with the duke of Somerset / the lorde Roos / & other / towarde Scotlonde And the next daye after kynge Edward with all his armye entred into yorke / & was there proclamyd kynge & obeyed as be ought to be. And y^• mayre & comyns swore to be his lyegemen / & whan they had taryed a whyle in y^e north & that all the north coūtre hadde torned to hym he retorned southwarde / leuynge behynde. hym the erle of werwyk in tho partyes. to gouerne & rule that coūtre. And about Mydsomer after / the yere of our lorde / M.cccc.lx. & the fyrste yere of his regne / he was crowned at westmynster / & ano∣ynted kynge of Englonde / hauynge pos¦sessyon of all the reame.

CAlixtus the thyrde was pope af∣ter Nicholas thre yere & .v. mone thes / this Calixt was an olde man whā he was chose pope. & was contynuelly se¦ke / ne he myghte not fulfyll his desyre / whiche he entended to do ayenste y^• Tur¦kes / For dethe came vpon hym. And he was chose in y^• yere of our lorde .M.cccc. lv. & he deyed the .vi. daye in the whiche he made the fyguracyon / and also he cha¦nonysed saynt Vyncent / a frere precher and there was a greate reformacyon of many monasteryes in dyuerse partyes / of the worlde / and these reformacyons / were made many tymes / but almost no¦ne abode / but they retorned ayen as they were afore / by successyon of tyme / after the dethe of the worshypfull faders. the feest of y^e Transfyguracyon was ordey¦ned of Calixt / for y^e yefte of grace of the meruelous vycotory done ayenst y^e Tur∣ke in Hūgary on saynt Sirt{us} day .M.cc¦cc.lvii. For there was a merueylous vye¦tory yeue to the crysten men in Hūgary ayenst the grete Turke / & there he loste. many a man & fled shamfully fordrede of enmyes / & no man folowed hym / but alone the honde of god feryd y^e Turke & his hoost on saynt Calixt day. Saynt Iohn̄ de Capystrano was there seen pre∣sent / & he prouokyd the people that were aferde to folowe y^e mysbyleuynge Tur¦kes. & there fell a grete vengeaūce on thē for y^• Turkes sayd / y^• there was so grete a nombre of knyghtes y^• folowed them / y^• vnnethe they durste loke bakwarde / & therfore they fled / & left all ther tresour behynde them / & they were angelles that causyd them to flee. Nota.

PRrynters of bookes were mygh¦tely multyplyed in Maguncye / & thrugh out the worlde. and there began fyrste / and there helde theyr craftes. and this tyme many men began to be more subtyll in craftes and swyfter than euer they were afore.

PIus the seconde was pope after Calixt .vi. yere. this Pi{us} was cho¦se in y^• yere of oure lorde .M.cccc.lviii. & he was callyd Ene as an eloquent man a grete oratour a laureate poete. & in the coūseyll of Basyle he wrote a noble tre∣tyse for thactoryte of y^• same / This mā desyred to haue a passage to the Turke & moche people of dyuerse coūtres came to Rome / & he yaue theym his blessynge and sent theym home ayen / for they we¦re not suffycyent for the Turkys hoste & anone after he decessyd.

PAulus a Venician was pope af¦ter Pius .vii. yere. this Paul was chose in y^• yere of our lorde .M.CCCC. lxiiii. And anone he halowed the fest of the presentacōn of our lady. as Pius dyd This man was a tough man in ryghte wysnes / and he sayd it was better to ma¦ke fewe thynges. & kepe them stedfastly than for to make many / & soone renoke them. And he made a grete palays at sa¦ynt Markys. & he decessed or he had en∣ded it in y^• yere of our lorde .M.cccc.lxxi. ¶Leodin̄. the londe of Luke was oppres¦syd with many trybulacyons / & after in the yere of our lorde .M.cccc.lxviii. vtter¦ly it was dystroyed by Carolū y^e duke of Burgoyn / y^• whiche wedded dame Mar¦garete syster to kynge Edwarde y^• four the of Englonde. Also the same Karolū entred in the londe of Geldyr / & cōque∣red it hooly. The yere of grace also was chaunged by pope Paule for fauoure of mānys soule frome .xxv. yere. to .xxv. ye∣re. And bycause y^• cursydnesse abounded so sore / grace aboūded also sore.

SIxtus the fourth a Ianuens. & a frere mynor was pope after Pau¦le /This man was generall in the ordre of the frere Mynoris or he was Cardy∣nall. And he was chosen in y^• yere of our lorde .M.cccc.lxxi. And was called Fraū¦cyscus de Sanona. of good fame & ver¦tuous. He was chosen Cardynall with oute his knowlege tyll he was made / & the same yere y^• he was chosen pope. the Turke had takē frome crysten men two Empyres / & four kyngdoms .xx. pronyn¦ces / & two hondred cytees / & had destro∣yed men & wȳmen without nombre. and y^• meued y^• pope / y^• he sholde dyspose him to goo to withstonde hym. And for an ar¦mye to be made ayenste the Turke. the pope gaue grete Indulgences of pardon of y^• tresory of the chirche vnto all crystē reames / y^• he myght ordeyne some treso¦re /to withstande y^• mysbyleued Turke. And in the londe of Englonde / Iohan abbot of abyngdon was the popes Lega¦te /to dyspose this goodly tresoure: of the chirche too euery faythfull man / y^• was dysposyd / and that wolde able hym too receyue it.