St. Augustine, Of the citie of God vvith the learned comments of Io. Lod. Viues. Englished by I.H.

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St. Augustine, Of the citie of God vvith the learned comments of Io. Lod. Viues. Englished by I.H.
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Augustine, Saint, Bishop of Hippo.
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London :: Printed by George Eld,
1610.
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Christianity and other religions -- Early works to 1800.
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"St. Augustine, Of the citie of God vvith the learned comments of Io. Lod. Viues. Englished by I.H." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A22641.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed June 16, 2024.

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Of the euident prophecy of Sybilla Erithraea con∣cerning Christ. CHAP. 23.

IN those daies Sybilla Erythrea (some say) prophecied: there were many (a) Sybilis (saith Varro) more then one. But this (b) Sybille of Erithraea wrote some appa∣rant prophecies of Christ, which wee haue read in rough latine verses, not cor∣respondent to the greeke, the interpretor wel learned afterward, being none of the best poets. For Flaccianus, a learned and eloquent man (one that had beene Consulls deputie) beeing in a conference with vs concerning Christ, shewed vs a greeke booke, saying they were this Sybills verses, wherein in one place, he shew∣ed vs a sort of verses so composed, that (c) the first letter of euery verse beeing taken, they all made these words 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. Iesus Christus, Dei Filius, Saluator, IESVS CHRIST, SON OF GOD THE SAVIOVR. Now (d) these verses, as some haue translated into latine, are thus. The English of them you shall haue in the Comment following, in an acrostike out of the Greeke.

(e) Iudicii signo tellus sudore madescet. Ec•…•…lo rex adueniet per s•…•…cla futurus: (f) Scilicet in carne presens vt iudicet orhem. Unde Deum cernent incredulus at{que} fidelis Celsum cum sanctis, •…•…ui iam termino in ipso. (g) Sic anim•…•… cum carne aderunt, quas iudicet ipse. Cum iacet incultus densis in vepribus orbis. Reiicient simulachra viri, cunctam quoque Gazam. (h) Exuret terras ignis, pontumque, polumque Inquirens, tetri portas effringet Auerni. (i) Sanctorum sed enim cunctae lux libera carni Tradetur, sontes aeternum flamma cremabit. (k) Occultos actus retegens, tunc quisque loquetur

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Secreta, atque Deus reserabit pectora luci. Tunc erit et luctus, stridebunt dentibus omnes: Eripitur solis Iubar, et chorus interit astris. Soluetur caelum lunaris splendor obibit. Deiiciet colles, valles extollet ab imo. Non erit in rebus hominum sublime, vel altum. Iam equantur campis montes, et caerula ponti. Omnia cessabunt, tellus confracta peribit. Sic pariter fontes torrentur. fluminaque igni. Sed tuba tunc sonitum tristem dimittet ab alto Orbe, gemens facinus miserum, variosque labores: Tartareumque Chaos monstrabit terra de•…•…iscens. Et coram hic domino reges sistentur ad vnum. Decidet è caelis ignisque et sulphuris amnis.

Now this translator could not make his verses ends meete in the same sence that the Greeke meete in: as for example, the Greeke letter v, is in the head of one verse, but the Latines haue no word beginning with v, that could fitte the sence. And this is in three verses, the fifth, the eighteenth and the nineteenth. Againe wee doe not take these letters from the verses heads in their iust number, but ex∣presse them 5. wordes, Iesus Christus, Dei Filius, saluator. The verses are in all, 27. which make a trine, fully (m) quadrate, and solid. For 3. times 3. is 9. and 3. times 9. is 27. Now take the 5. first letters from the 5. first wordes of the Greeke sentence included in the verses heads, and they make 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 a fish, a misti∣call name of Christ, who could be in this mortall world, as in a deepe Sea, with∣out all sinne. Now this Sibilla Erythraea, or (as some rather thinke) Cumana, hath not one word in all her verses (whereof these are a parcell) tending to Ido∣latry, but all against the false gods and their worshippers, so that she seemes to me to haue beene a cittizen of the Citty of God. (f) Lactantius also hath prophe∣cies of Christ out of some Sibille, but he saith not from which. But that which he dilateth in parcels, do I thinke good to lay together, and make one large prophe∣cy of his many little ones. This it is. Afterwards he shall be taken by the vngodly, •…•…d they shall strike God with wicked hands, and spitte their venemous spirits in his face. Hee shall yeeld his holy backe to their strokes, and take their blowes with silence, least they should know that he is the word, or whence he came to speake to mortals. They shall crowne him with thorne, they gaue him gall in stead of vineger to eate, this table of hospitallity they shall afford him. Thou foolish nation that knewst not thy God, •…•…t crowned him with thorne, and feasted him with bitternesse. The vayle of the Temple shall rend in two, and it shall bee darke three houres at noone day. Then shall he 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and sleepe three dayes, and then shall hee arise againe from death and shewe the first fruites of the resurrection to them that are called. All this hath Lactantius vsed in seuerall places▪ as hee needed, from the the Sybill: We haue laid it together, dis∣tinguishing it onely by the heads of the chapters, if the transcriber haue the care to obserue and follow vs. Some say Sybilla Erythraea liued in the Troyan •…•…rre long before Romulus.

L. VIVES.

MAny (a) Sybils] Prophetesses. Diod. lib. 5. Seru. in 4. Aeneid. Lactant. Diu. inst. * 1.1 say that Sybilla commeth of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 God, (in the Aeolike Dialect) and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 counsel, Suidas 〈◊〉〈◊〉 that it is a Romane word and signifieth a Prophetesse. How many of the Sibils ther were

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and when they liued, is vncertaine: wee will heare the best authors hereof▪ Martianus 〈◊〉〈◊〉 there were but two Sybills, one called Erophila, daughter to Marmasus the Troyan (and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hee saith was that of Phrygia and Cumae) the other Symmachia, daughter to an Hippone•…•…, borne at Erythra, and prophecying at Cumae also. There were three statues of three Sybils, in the pleading court at Rome. Plin. the first erected by Pacuuius Taurus Aedile, and the rest by M. Messala. These (saith Solinus) were the Cumane, the Delphike, and the Erithr•…•…∣an Eriphila. Aelian (hist. vari.) names foure: Erythraea, Samia, Egyptia, Sardiana. O∣thers adde two more Iudaea, and Cumaea. Varro makes them vp ten. De re diu•…•…▪ ad C•…•…s. The Greekes thought to doe with them as they did with the Ioues and Hercules, making a many all into one, and writ much of one Sybilla: some make her daughter to Apollo and 〈◊〉〈◊〉: sonne to Aristocrates and Hydole: some to Crimagoras, or to Theodorus. Some make her borne at Erythra, some in Sicily, some in Sardinia, Gergethia, Rhodes, Lybia, or Leucania, and all these concerne the Erythrean Sibyll, who liued before the sack of Troy, say they. But now to Uarro's ten Sybills, as Lactantius reckens them, adding the fitte assertions of Greekes, or Latines by the way. The first was a Persian, mentioned by Nicander, the Chronicler of Alexanders actes. This some say was a Chaldean, and some a Iew, her name being Samb•…•…tha, borne in Noe, a citty neare the read sea, of one Berossus and his wife Tymantha, who had foure and twenty children betweene them. Shee prophecyed aboundantly of Ch•…•…ist, and his comming, with whome the other Sybills doe fully accorde. The second was a Lybian. Eur•…•…▪ Prolog. in Lamiam. The third a Delphian, (Chrysip. de Diuinat.) borne at Delphos, called Themis, liuing before the siege of Troy. Homer inserted many of her verses into his Rapso•…•…ie. This saith Diodorus was Daphne, Tyresias daughter, whom the Argiues conquering Thebes, sent to Delphos, where growing cunning in Apollo's mysteries, shee expounded the Oracles, to them that sought to them, and therefore was called Sibylla. There was another Daphne, daughter to Ladom the Arcadian, Apollo loued her, and shee is feigned to bee turned into a Lawrell in flying from him. The fourth a Cumaean in Italy. Naeu. de bello Punic. Piso in •…•…n∣nal. Some say shee was borne in Cymerium a towne in Italy neere Cumae. The fifth an Ery∣thraean: Apollodorus saith hee and shee were borne both in a towne. Shee prophecied to the Greekes, going to Troye, that they should conquer, and that Homer should write lyes. But the common opinion is, shee liued before the siege of Troy: yet Eusebius drawes him to Ro∣mulus his time. Indeede Strabo maketh more then one Erythream Sibyll: saying there was one ancient one, and another later called Athenais, liuing in Alexanders time. Lactantius saith Sibylla Erythraea was borne at Babilon, and chose to bee called Erythraea. The sixt was a Samian, Eratosth. saith hee found mention of her in the Samian Annales: shee was called Phito the seauenth, a Cumane, called Amalthea, and by other Herophile, or Demophile. Sui∣das * 1.2 calleth her Hierophile, and saith shee brought nine bookes to King Tarquinius Priscus, and asked him three hundred angels for them, which hee denying and laughing at her, shee burnt three of them before his face, and asked him the whole summe for the rest. Hee thinking shee was madde or drunke indeed, scoffed at her againe: shee burned other three, and asked still the whole summe for the three remaining: then the King was mooued in minde, and gaue it her. This is recorded by Pliny, Dionys. Solin. Gellius, and Seruius, concerning Tarquin the proud, not the other. Pliny saith shee had but three bookes, burning two, and sauing the third. Suidas saith she had nine bookes of priuate oracles, and burnt but two of them: her tombe (saith Solinus) may be seene yet in Sicilia. But he calleth her not Eriphile, for that hee giues to the Erythraean Sybill, who was more ancient then the Cumane. Eusebius thinks that Hierophile was neither the Erythrean, nor Cumane, but the Samian, that she liued in Numa's time, L•…•…o∣crates being Archon of Athens. The wife of Amphiaraus was called Eriphile also. The eight was of Hellespont, borne at Marmissum neare Troy, liuing in the time of Solon and Cyrus. He∣racl. Pontic. The ninth was a Phrygian, and prophecied at Aucyra. The tenth a Tyburtine, called Albumea, worshipped at Tybur, as a goddesse on the banke of the riuer Anienes, in whose chan∣nell her Image was found, with a booke in the hand of it. These are Varro's Sybills. There are others named also, as Lampusia, Calchas his daughter, of Colophon, whose prophecies were whilom extant in verse: and Sybilla Elyssas also with them. Cassandra also, Priams daughter, who prophecied her countries ruine, was counted for a Sybill: there was also Sybill of Epirus, and Mant•…•… Tyresias daughter: and lastly Carmentis Euanders mother, and Fatua, Faunus his wife, all called Sybills. Didi•…•…s Grammaticus is in doubt whether Sapho were a Sybill or no.

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S•…•…. de stud. liberal. Yet some in this place read Publica for Sybilla. But which Sybill it was that wrote the verses conteyning the Romanes fate, Varro him-selfe they s•…•…y could not tell. Some sayd it was Sybilla Cumana, as Virgill doth, calling her Deiphobe daughter to Glaucus, who was a Prophet, and taught Apollo the art: vnlesse you had rather read it 〈◊〉〈◊〉, for she (as some say) brought the bookes to Tarquin Priscus who hid them in the Capitol: She li∣ued in Rome (sayth Solinus) in the fifteenth Olympiad. If that be so, it was Tarqum Priscus, & not the Proud, that bought her bookes: For Priscus dyed, and Seruius Tullus began his raigne the fourth yeare of the fifteenth Olympiade, Epitelides of La•…•…aedemon beeing victor in the Games, and Archestratides beeing Archon of Athens. That therefore is likelier that U•…•…rro and Suidas affirme of Priscus, then that which others sayd of Superbus, if Solinus his Account bee true. Her Chappell was to bee seene at Cumae, but Varro thinketh it vnlikely that the Sybill that Aeneas talked with, should liue vnto the fist King of Romes time: and therefore hee thinketh it was Erythraea that sung the Romaines destinies. Yet Dionys. sayth it was to her that Aeneas went. lib. 4. Varro hath this further ground, that when Apolloes Tem∣ple at Erythraea was burnt, those very verses were found there. Euen this is shee whome Uirgill calleth Cumaea, for shee prophecyed at Cumae in Italy, sayth Capella, and so thinke I; There is Cumae in Ionia, by Erythrea, but Aristotle sayth directly, there is a Caue in Cumae a Citty of Italy, in which Sybilla dwelt. Shee whome others called Erythraea, the Cumaeans for glory of their country call Cumaea: Otherwise they meane some other. For it was not Virgils Sybill that Cumane Sybilla, that sold Tarquin the bookes. Nor sayth Uirgill, nor thinke wee that there were no verses in those bookes, but of One Sybils. This Tacitus shew∣eth saying of Augustus, that, whereas there were many fables spred vnder the Sybils names, hee sent into Samos, Erythrea, Ilium, Africke, and to all the Italian Colonyes, to bee at Rome with their verses at a day appoynted, where a iudgement was past by the Quindecimuers, and a censure vppon all that should haue of these verses in priuate: Antiquity hauing decreed against it before. And the Capitoll beeing repayred (sayth Lactantius out of Varro) they came thether from all places (and cheefly from Erythraea) with Sybills verses. This also Fe•…•…es∣tella (a dilligent Author) recordeth, and that P. Gabinius, M. Octacilius, and Luc. Valeriu•…•… went to Erythraea purposely about it, and brought about a thousand verses to Rome, which priuate men had copyed forth. Thus farre Lactantius. Stilico Honorius his step-father, de∣•…•…ring to mooue the people against his sonne in law, made away all the Sybills bookes: Of which fact, Claudian writeth thus:

Nec tantum Geticis grassatus proditor armis Ante Sybillinae fata cremauit opis.
Nor onely rag'd the Traytor in Gothes armes, But burnt the fates of Sybils helpe from harmes.
And thus much of the Sybills. (b) Sybill of Erythraea] Lactantius citeth some of those verses from another Sybill: it is no matter indeed which Sybills they are. One Sybils they are sure to be, and because shee was the most famous, to her they assigne them. (c) The first letter▪ That the Sybils put misteries in their verses heads, Tully can testifie. Their Poems sayth he▪ proo∣•…•…h them not mad, for there is more cunning then turbulency in them: beeing all conueyed into Acrosticks, as Ennius also had done in some, Shewing a minde rather 〈◊〉〈◊〉 then 〈◊〉〈◊〉. De diuinat. lib. 2. Virgill also Aegl. 4.
Ultima Cumaei venit iam carminis aetas: The Sybils prophecies draw to an end.
N•…•…ly the time that shee included in her propheticall Acrosticks. (d) Those verses] The Greeke verses in Eusebius are these.
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉

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〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
In signe of Dommes-day, the whole earth shall sweate: Euer to reigne, a King, in heau'nly seate, Shall come to iudge all flesh. The faithfull, and Vnfaithfull too, before this God shall stand, Seeing him high with Saints, in Times last end. Corporeall shall hee sit; and, thence, extend His doome on soules. The earth shall quite lie wast, Ruin'd, ore-growne with thornes, and men shall cast Idolls away, and treasure. Searching fire Shall burne the ground, and thence it shall inquire, Through seas, and skie, and breake Hells blackest gates: So shall free light salute the blessed states Of Saints; the guilty lasting flames shall burne. No act so hid, but then to light shall turne; Nor brest so close, but GOD shall open wide. Each where shall cries be heard, and noyse beside Of gnashing teeth. The Sunne shall from the skie Flie forth; and starres no more mooue orderly. Great Heauen shall be dissolu'd, the Moone depriu'd Of all her light; places at height arriu'd Deprest; and valleys raised to their seate: There shall be nought to mortalls, high or great. Hills shall lye leuell with the plaines; the sea Endure no burthen; and the earth, as they, Shall perish cleft with lightning: euery spring And riuer burne. The fatall Trumpe shall ring Vnto the world, from heauen, a dismall blast Including plagues to come for ill deedes past. Old Chaos, through the cleft masse, shall bee seene, Vnto this Barre shall all earths Kings conueene: Riuers of fire and Brimstone flowing from heau'n.
(e) Iudicii signo] Act. 1. 11. This Iesus who is taken vp to heauen, shall so come as you haue seene him goe vp into heauen. (f) Scilicet] This verse is not in the Greeke, nor is it added here, for there must be twenty seauen. (g) Sicanimae] The Greeke is, then shall all flesh come into free heauen, and the fire shall take away the holy and the wicked for euer, but because the sence is harsh, I had rather read it 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, and so make it agree with the Latine inter∣pretation.

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(h) Exuret.] The bookes of consciences shall bee opened, as it is in the Reue∣lation: Of those here-after (i) Sanctorum] Isay. 40. 4. Euery valley shall bee exalted, and euery mountaine and hill shall bee layde lowe: the crooked shall bee streight, and the rough places plaine.

(k) Occultos] High and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 shall then bee all one, and neither offensiue; pompe▪ height and glorye shall no more domineere in particular: but as the Apostle saith. Then shall all principalities and powers bee annihilated, that GOD may bee all in all. For there is no greater plague then to bee vnder him that is blowne bigge with the false conceite of greatnesse: hee groweth rich and consequently proud: hee thinkes hee may domineere, his father •…•…as, I marry was hee: his pedigree is alway in his mouth, and (very likely) a theefe, a Butcher or a Swin-heard in the front of this his noble descent.

Another Tarre-lubber bragges that hee is a souldiour, an ayde vnto the state in affaires military, therefore will hee reare and teare, downe goe whole Citties before him (if any leaue their owne seates and come into his way, or to take the wall of him, not else): * 1.3 (l) No word] For the Greeke 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, beginning a word, is alwayes aspirate: now if we bring it into Latine, aspirate wee must put H. before it, and this deceiues the ignorant. (m) Qua∣drate and solid] A plaine quadrate is a number multiplyed once by it selfe, as three times three, then multiply the product by the first, and you haue a solid: as three times three is nine. Heere is your quadrate plaine, three times nine is twenty seauen, that is the quadrate * 1.4 solide. (n) Lactantius] Lactantius following his Maister Arnobius, hath written seauen most excellent and acute volumes against the Pagans, nor haue wee any Christian that is a better Ciceronian then hee.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
To th'faithlesse vniust hands then shall hee come, Whose impure hands shall giue him blowes, and some Shall from their foule mouthes poysoned spittle send, Hee to their whips his holy back shall bend.
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉
Thus beate hee shall stand mute, that none may ken Who was, or whence, the worde, to speake to men▪ And hee shall beare a thornie crowne—
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
They gaue him for drinke Vineger, and Gall for meate, This table of in-hospitalitie they set.

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This is likewise in another verse of Sybills: the Greeke is:

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
Thy God (thy good) thou brainlesse sencelesse didst not know, Who past and plaid in mortall words and works below: A crowne of thornes, and fearfull gall thou didst bestow.

In the next Chapter following: the words are these.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 * 1.5 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
The Temples veile shall rend in twaine, and at mid-day Prodigious darkned night for three full houres shall stay.

In the same Chapter.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
Death shall shut vp his date with sleeping for three daies Then rising from the dead, he turnes to the Sunne rayes: The resurrections first-fruites to th'elect displayes,

(o) Of the resurrection] Making away for the chosen, by his resurrection, so the Greeke im∣plyeth, Christ as the Apostle saith, being the first borne of many brethren, and the first fruites of those that sleepe.

Notes

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