St. Augustine, Of the citie of God vvith the learned comments of Io. Lod. Viues. Englished by I.H.

L. VIVES.

IAnus (a) his] Some say his wisdom & prouidence procured him this double fronted statue, as Homer saith of a valia nt fellow: 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, hee looked both before & behinde at once. Plutarch gaue two reasons for this statue. First because he was first a Grecian called Per•…•…bus (as is recorded) and then comming into Italy, changed both name, language, and conditions. Secondly because he taught the Italians both husbandry and pollicy, Problem. Others (as Ouid, which reason Augustine here toucheth) say hee signifieth the world, one face being the east, and another the west. Some say he had reference to the rising and sett•…•…ng of the sunne, & signified the sun. Nigidius he also saith that the Greekes worshipped Apollo Thyanues, and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉: the Porter, and the •…•…ourney-guider. But I thinke not in that shape that the Ro∣maines worshipped Ianus: for Ouid saith:

Quem tamen esse deum dic am te Iane biformis? Na•…•… tibi par nullum Gr•…•…cia numen habet.

In English th•…•…

What god (two-fronted Ianus) shouldst thou be? Of all the gods of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 is none like thee.

He was framed with foure faces also. C. Bass▪ de diis apud Macrob. Ianus hath two faces as the doore-keeper of heauen and hell: foure faces, because in his Maiestie hee compriseth all the earths climates. This is y^t Ianus who in their ceremonies they called double Ianus: the two faced one was called Ianus the simple: the others Temple was open in war and shut in peace (b) Pa∣late, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉] Arist. de part. Animal. And Pliny imitating him, vseth caelum for the palate (l. 11.) speaking of the brain: this (quoth he) is the most excellent of the spermatiue parts nearest to the [heauen of the head,] palate. (c) Whose similitude] or, from whose similitude Ianus hath his name. (d) Ianus is false] Some hold the rest, vnto [Or if the two fac'd picture] to bee •…•…oisted in. It is not very vnlikely by the subsequence. (e) Vnlesse Neptune] for in men it cannot bee found.