Mikrokosmographia a description of the body of man. Together vvith the controuersies thereto belonging. Collected and translated out of all the best authors of anatomy, especially out of Gasper Bauhinus and Andreas Laurentius. By Helkiah Crooke Doctor of Physicke, physitian to His Maiestie, and his Highnesse professor in anatomy and chyrurgerie. Published by the Kings Maiesties especiall direction and warrant according to the first integrity, as it was originally written by the author.

CHAP. VIII. Of the yard or virile member.

THE Yard is called in Latine penis a pendēdo of hanging, and Virga; in Greek 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, and by an excellency 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, that is, virile membrum, the virile mem∣ber, * 1.1 because of the foecundity thereof. Many other names it hath both in Greeke and Latine, a Catalogue whereof Laurentius hath put downe vnne∣cessary for our turne, wherefore we haue spared our owne labour and your eares. The scituation is well knowne to be at the bottome of the lower venter on the out∣side [Tab. 4. fig. 1, 2] as neere the fundament as it well might, and not be troublesom by fal∣ling * 1.2 vpon it in the time of seidge: Not aboue the groine, or in the Hypogastrium or water∣course, because there is no bone to establish his originall. It was therefore necessarie it should arise at the very roots of the share bones, as wel for the establishment thereof in the act of generation, as also that it might be more fit to meete with the womans lap, and yet no hinderance to the actions of other parts. And because it was not necessary there should * 1.3 be more of them then one, it is placed alone in the midst. Long it is, [tab. 4. fig. 1, 2] round, but not exactly, for the vpper side of it, which they call the back, is somewhat broader, and endeth in a dudgen or blunt point. The length and thicknesse of it is diuerse, as well in re∣spect of the kinde or species, as of the particular creature or indiuiduum. In respect of the * 1.4 kinde, it is of such a length and magnitude as the necessity of the kinde requireth for pro∣creation: but in men shorter then in many other creatures, because men doe vse aduersam non auer sam venerem. Of the indiuiduum or particular, because it is formed commonlie according to the proportion of the members, vet sometimes it is large in a little man, be∣cause * 1.5 of the aboundance of the portion of the fathers seede of which it is framed, for the seede falleth from euery part of a mans bodye, and carrieth in it power of generating that part from whence it fell. Although Galen in his sixt Booke de locis affectis towards the end, writeth, that continence makes it to encrease, at least in thicknes. It is thought also it wil be * 1.6 longer if the Nauill-strings [Table 4. fig. 7. ^{V Y X}] bee not close knit by the Midwife when the childe is new borne; and that because of a Ligament which commeth to the Nauill from the bottome [Tab. 4 fig. 7, ^X] of the bladder which they call Vrachos, for the straighter that is tyed vnto the Nauell, the more the bladder and the partes adioyning are drawne vp∣ward.

That part of the yard which hangeth out of the Abdomen, is couered with a cuticle and a skin not very thicke (which is laxe or loose when it hangs, but in erection is stretched) e∣quall * 1.7 to his length, and knit vnto it at the lower part of the glans or nut, it is also couered with a fleshy membrane which heere becommeth neruous. There is no fat betweene the coates, least the member should grow by that meanes to great, and so his action be hinde∣red, or to soft which would hinder erection.

It hath two parts, the one next to the belly which is the more principal, and hangeth not out, and it is called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, which is below the commissure or ioyning of the share bones, * 1.8 to the middest of which it is fast knit in the Perinaeum, (that is, the space betweene the cods and the fundament) with strong Ligaments and Muscles, and rising vpward vnder the testi∣cles, appeareth round aboue the scrotum or cod.

The other part of the yard is called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, and hangeth downe without the body from the vpper part of the share-bone if it be flaccid, or if it grow strong and rigid, it is raised vpward and so stands commonly so farre from the body, as the necke of the wombe is in length in∣ward,

that so it may yeeld seede vnto the very orifice of the wombe for the propagation of mankinde.

The structure of this member is such as is fittest for his vse and the necessity of Nature. * 1.9 It is not bony, as in a Dogge, a Woolfe and a Fox; for so it would not be a pleasure but a great troble to the other sexe; besides, being alwayes rigid or stiffe it woulde haue beene both vncomely and haue hindered many actions and postures or positions of the body.

It is not gristly or Cartilaginous, for then it could neither haue beene distended (for a * 1.10 Cartilage hath no cauitie) neither could it haue beene soft and pliable.

It is not of the Nature of a veine, for then it could not so soone haue beene filled and * 1.11 emptyed againe; as also for that the simple coate of a veine would not haue endured any strong streatching.

It is not of the nature of an Arterie although that haue a thicke and hard coate, because * 1.12 of the continuall pulsation, vpon which a man cannot lay a law when he pleaseth.

It is not neruous, because Nerues haue no manifest cauitie, neither are they naturally * 1.13 dilated; beside that, the softnes would haue hindered the tension or erection.

It is not a Ligament, although that would haue been fit for tension or erection, because * 1.14 then it should haue had no cauity; and being beside without sence, it would not haue been capable of pleasure.

It is not a Tendon, because they haue no cauity, and are beside softer then Ligaments, * 1.15 and so not so fit for erection.

Much lesse could it well be made of flesh, or glandules, or muscles, or membranes.

It was therefore requisite that some other peculiar substance should be found out, such as was not elsewhere in the whole bodie, that should be hard and hollow, that without diffi∣cultie or inconuenience, might successiuely at conuenient times according to the presence or absence of the spirits bee raysed vp, or againe sinke or settle downe; and of so exquisite sence beside to breede that pleasure, whereby man is prouoked to rush into so obscoene a peece of buisinesse.

Of such sort and structure therefore there are two bodies [table 1, figure. 2. ⁱⁱ, table 4. figure 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 7. 9. ^{A B}] * 1.16 which together with the Cannell or passage doe make the yarde. They are hard, neruous and like ligaments, on either side one, arising from the lower part of the share-bone [table 4. figure 2. 3. C C] where it is thicke and round, & the vpper part of the Coxendixe or hanch, as well that hauing a substance partaking somewhat of a bone, * 1.17 the yarde might bee better disposed to rigiditie, as also hauing his originall for a stable bo∣dy, it might bee kept stable and straight in the performance of his action to which it is by nature designed.

These bodies are on the outside round, on the inside plaine, and below at their original are diuided [table 4. figure 4. and 5. ^{• E} the two bodies, and ^o the canale or pipe] that they may yeeld way vnto the passage which commeth from the Bladder; by and by they are car∣ried vpward, and about the middle of the share-bone they are ioyned together [tab. 4, fig. 4. 5. ^F] yet so as they seeme to bee distinguished by a white Line running in the middest of them if the yarde bee out ouerthwart. [table 4. figure 4.] From thence they are returned downward to the Nut [table 4. figure 4. 7. 9. ^D] and doe inwardly end in an acute angle, and together with the canale or pipe doe fashion out the length of the yarde. Ouer those ends groweth the substance of the glans or nut, and so the whole figure doth in some sort repre∣sent the greeke ζ, which therefore ought to be obserued because of the vse of the Catheter * 1.18 in the suppression of the vrine. For if the Catheter be not insinuated or gently put in with a kind of dexterity, it either hurteth the pipe or the necke of the bladder so that bloud will follow, or else it will not passe into the cauity of the bladder.

The substance of these bodies is excauated or hollowed like a pipe (from whence they are called the hollow nerues) but of a fungous or spongy matter [tab. 4. figure 4. 5. ^{• E}] and filled with blacke bloud: so that naturally it is blackish. A remarkeable obseruation for * 1.19 Chyrurgians, that in the section of a putride yarde, they doe not take that for rotten which indeede is but Naturall; the want of which knowledge I am perswaded hath cost many a man a good ioynt, which otherwise might well haue beene saued. It is also wouen like a * 1.20 Net made of innumerable braunches [Table 1. figure 1 x x, table 4. fig. 5. ^b] of veines and arteries diuersly intangled together which are very notable vessels, and ariue here from the region of the great or holy-bone [tab. 8, lib. 3. ^{t t}.]

These bodies are also rare and porous, that they might suddenly bee filled with spirites

and with venall and arteriall bloud when the yeoman is irritated or incensed; and his vio∣lence * 1.21 being appeased, the same spirts and blood being partly dissipated and partly returned into the vessels, settle and shorten again. For if the member were alwayes strong and stiffe it would be a great hinderance to men in many labours of this life, especially such as are vi∣olent, and beside it selfe would bee alwayes subiect to mischiefes, euen as the arme or hand would be if it were continually streatched forth. On the other side, if it were alwayes flac∣cid or loose, it would be vnprofitable for that imploiment for which God and Nature haue ordained it. Wherefore onely in the time of coition it ought to bee swolne and rigged or erected: swolne and extended to a iust magnitude that it might fill the neck of the ma∣trix, quo vtriusque pudenda incalescant. For it is mutuall heate which calleth and prouoketh the seed out of the inner parts: Rigid and straight not onely ad commodiorē coitum, but also that the passage being open and direct, the seede might more freely and directly bee eiacu∣lated or shot foorth from the very Prostatae wherein it is contained. For if it were either oblique or crooked, (as it is in those which are called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 in whome the passage is retorted by reason of a bridle at the end of the yarde, who therefore cannot procreate vn∣lesse that bridle be cut) or did in any place not stand open but fall together, then would the seed stay or make stop in the passage.

But againe, least the spirits which flow vnto it, and by which it is distended, should bee * 1.22 too soone dissipated or scatrered through the fungous or spongy substance, it is couered and strengthned with membranous coates thight and very strong (which some men ima∣gine doe arise from the commixtion of those vesselles which passe vnto the yarde,) which are therefore called the neruous bodies of the yarde, and they are also thicke and substanti∣all, that they might more easily be distended.

For when as in venerious appetites, the bloud & the spirits do in great quantity assem∣ble themselues out of the veines and arteries, that member is as it were a gutte filled with winde, presently swelling and growing hard, which no question commeth to passe when as the sphincter muscle (which encompasseth the necke of the bladder, the roots of the bo∣dies of which the yarde is made, and the ends of the guttes) is contracted and presseth out * 1.23 the spirits abounding in those parts, vnto the yarde; for so wee see the iugular or veines of the throate to be distended, when in laughter the chest is compressed and straightned. So also the veines of the arme by reason of the constriction of a Ligature or tye are distended and growe hard and full: so then it appeareth that voluntary motion is not onely requisite for erection, but also for induration.

The Pipe or Canale of the yarde [Table 4. figure 1. 4. 5. 7. ^G] which in greeke they call * 1.24 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, the vrinall pipe, or as Galen in his 15. Booke of the vse of parts and the 3. Chapter, the spermaticke pore, commeth from the bladder [table 1. fig. 1. Λ from the bladder ^c table 4. figure 6.] whose necke is long. This Pipe scituated vnder the bodies of the yarde [table 4. figure 4. and 5. ^G vnder ^EE] is reflected together with them (in which reflection or retur∣ning * 1.25 if putride or rotten seede in a Gonorrhaea or running of the reynes, doe subsist or make stay, it there vlcerateth the passage) and becomming in the middle betweene them, it pas∣seth along the length of the yarde vnto the outside of the Nutte, where it is embraced by those bodies ioyning together [table 4. figure 4. 5. ^F] in narrow angles, and so maketh the whole yarde perforated as was necessary for the emission of seede.

This Canale or Pipe hath two membranes (of which none almost of the Anatomistes make any menton, saue Bauhine onely, and Archangelus of the inner) one inward and thinne * 1.26 wherewith also the nut or glans is couered, bred out of the thin meninx or pia mater of the braine, which inuesteth the nerues of the yarde, in which certaine circles are to be seene; & beside there is in it an exquisite sence to make it capable of the pleasure which the seed in his passage through it stirreth vp, and againe it circumscribeth or limiteth the circumfe∣rence of the Canale or pipe.

The other Membrane is outward and fleshy, compounded of transuerse fibres for the better expulsion of the seed and vrine.

The middle substance of this pipe is lax [table 4. fig. 6] fungous or spongy and blackish so that it readily distendeth it selfe togither with the neruous bodies in the effusion of seed, and againe as readily faleth in the euacuation of vrine.

This passage is common to the Seede, the oylie humor issuing from the smal bladders * 1.27 before spoken off and the vrine; and in the forepart of the Nut it hath a yawning out-let, by which these substances are auoyded. It is narrow in young folk, in others so much broa∣der

[illustration]

Tab. 4. demonstrateth the muscles of the yard of the fundament and of the bladder, and the three bodies of the yard.

[illustration]

The first and second figures shew the yard excoriated, cleauing yet to the bottome of the share bone.

[illustration]

The third sheweth the same separated with his vessels.

[illustration]

The 4. and 5. the yard cut away, and Dissected ouerthwart.

[illustration]

The 6. the canel or pipe of the yard, diuided at the entrance into the bladder.

[illustration]

The 7. the forepart of the bladder and the yard, together vvith the vmbilical vessels.

[illustration]

The 8. the bladder of a woman, with the vmbilical vessels, and a part of the Vreters.

[illustration]

The 9. sheweth the backe parts of the body of the yard.

[illustration]

TABVLA IIII.

[illustration]

FIG I

[illustration]

II

[illustration]

III.

[illustration]

IV

[illustration]

V

[illustration]

VI

[illustration]

VII

[illustration]

IIX

[illustration]

IX.

• A. B, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9. the 2. bodies which make the yard.
• CC 2, 3. the place where these two bodies do first arise.
• D 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9. The nut of the yard called glans penis.
• EE 4, 5. the fungous and redde substance of the bodies of the yard.
• F 4, 5. the mutuall connexion of the bodyes of the yard, and the neruous outward sub∣stance of the same, compassing rounde a∣bout the former fungous substance.
• G 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9. The passage of the vrine, or common pipe running vnder the yarde, all along his length.
• H, I, 1, 2. the first paire of Muscles of the yard which in the first figure do yet grow to it, but in the second they hang from their o∣riginall.
• K, L, 1, 2. The second paire of Muscles of the yard, in the first figure growing, in the se∣cond hanging from their insertion.
• M 1, 2. the sphincter of the right gut.
• N 3, 7, 8, 9. the round sphincter Muscle of the bladder.
• OO A Membrane which is ouer the holes of the share bone.
• P 2. A rounde Ligament from the meeting of the share bones vnto the heade of the thigh.
• Q. 3, 7, 8. The body of the bladder.
• R, 3, 7. the Prostatae into which the seede when it is perfectly laboured, is led.
• SS, 3, 8. Portions of the vreters.
• TT 3, Portions of the vesselles which leade downe the seede.
• VV, 7, 8, the vmbilicall arteries.
• X, 7, 8. the ligament of the bladder cald Vra∣chus
• Y, 7, 8. the nauel or vmbilicus.
• Z, 7, 8. the vmbilicall veine.
• a, a 7, the veine and artery of the yard.
• b 5. the artery distributed through the bodye of the yard.

as the skin is more or lesse retracted or drawne backe from it. Vesalius maketh mention * 1.28 of a student in the Law at Forum Iulij, who had two distinct passages, one for vrine ano∣ther for seede, but that is indeede very rare. For, because the bladder was scituated so neere, it was not necessary that another passage should bee made for the auoyding of vrine, but Nature contented her selfe to vse that already prouided for the effusion of seede. Where∣fore the necke of the bladder is carried vpwarde from the Fundament, vnto the beginning of the yard.

But because these officies are perfourmed by voluntary motion, it was requisite that it * 1.29 should also haue Muscles. It hath therefore diuers Muscles, of which no doubt Galen wrote precisely in his Books de Anat. administrationibus, but we haue lost fiue Books and a halfe of * 1.30 that worthy labour, beside other peeces of excellent vse, as wee may gather by those that remaine. In the fifteenth Booke de vsu partium, he reckoneth but two Muscles of the yard, which saith Vesalius I could neuer finde. Laurentius describeth foure, so will we also accor∣ding to Bauhine. Two Collaterall on each side one, which do arise neruous from the ap∣pendix of the hips, [Tab. 4. fig. 1, 2 ^KL, in the first figure they cleaue to their originall, in the second they hang downe to their insertion] below the originall of the bodies whereof the

yarde is made; afterward they become fleshy, short and thicker then those that follow; and being obliquely carried vpward, they are inserted into the bodies of the yarde not far from their originall [table 4. figure 2. ^{C C}] and being together contracted in the act of generati∣on, doe bend the yarde and sustayne it whilest the worke be performed; as for the erection it selfe, we haue sayed before it is made by a voluntary constriction of the sphincter muscle of the fundament, driuing the blood and spirits vnto it. Columbus also saith that these mus∣cles * 1.31 haue some vse in our making water.

The other two muscles of the yarde are called inferiores, because they are scituate vnder the pipe, [table 4. figure 1. 2. ^{H I} in the first figure they appeare yet cleauing vnto it, but in 2 1.32 the second they hang downe from their originals] on each side one, arising fleshy from the sphincter of the fundament. [table 4. figure 1. ^H] They are somewhat long and are on their insides vnited and so carried along directly vnder the Canale, and implanted at the sides [table 4. figure 1 ^G] of the same, (and being diuided one from another, doe a little embrace the bodies of the yarde) that they may dilate the lower part of the Canale on both sides drawne downeward, the yarde remayning erected, and so make it shorter least in the reple∣tion of the neruous bodies, especially in the oblique reflexion of the yarde, that passage should be stifled and so the issue of the Seede hindered, which comes indeed leaping forth, * 1.33 and yet is continued one part of it with another as a company of Antickes holding hand in hand, do vault vpon a stage.

Moreouer these muscles do compresse the Prostate glandules [table 4. figure 3. and 7. ^••] * 1.34 and straine the Seed that filleth them in the time of eiaculation through their membranes by graines as wee sayed before, into the Canale where they are all mingled and issue toge∣ther.

In miction also or making of water these muscles haue their vse; for some say they di∣stend the passage as Vesalus, others as Falopius and Archangelus, that in the end of miction they expresse or driue out the reliques of the vrine which remained in the end of the necke of the bladder. But if they worke all foure together, they draw the root of the yarde, which as well as the body thereof hath a power or faculty of erection.

Betweene these muscles in the Perinaeum [table 4. figure 1. between ^H and ^H] or distance * 1.35 betweene the Cod and the Fundament are the stones of the Bladder taken foorth. They call the place also inter-faeminium, and in it Fistules and other vlcers are very ordinary. I saw a Knight of Lincolnshire of good place suddenly perish within few dayes of a gangreene new risen in this place, and it was credibly told me that his Father a Knight likewise, about * 1.36 the same age of his life was in the same place taken sodainely after the same manner and so * 1.37 perished. Wherfore this place is diligently to be considered of before a Chyrurgion work vpon it.

The vessels that come to this virile Member are of 2. sorts, some outward others inward. * 1.38 The outward veines and arteries [table 8. lib. 3. ^{t t}] arise from the veine and arterie called Pudendae, and are distributed through the skin. They are many and sometimes blackish like vnto bodden, bursten or variccus vessels.

The internall veines are double, and spring from the veine called Hypogastrica [Table 8. lib. 3. ^{u u}.] These when they come vnto the middle bifurcation at the Crotch, doe almost alwayes vnite into one, which is carried along the body of the member in the middest a∣mong the arteries. From this veine a notable braunch atteyneth into the capacity or ca∣uitie of the Abdomen, and is disseminated through a Ligament which tyeth the bladder to the share-bones.

In like manner two internall Arteries and those very notable are inserted into the bo∣dies of the yarde, from the Artery called Hypogastrica [Table 8. lib. ••. ^{u u}] at the byfurcated * 1.39 originall of the same. The invention of these arteries Vesalius attributeth vnto himselfe, as also the demonstration of their vse, whome Columbus taxeth; but Archangelus auouch∣eth * 1.40 that all the three sortes of vesselles in the yarde are so conspicuous that hee that is halfe blinde may see them; for being nourished sayeth hee, why should it not haue veines as wel as other parts; liuing why should it not haue Arteries, and mouing why should it not haue Nerues. Bauhine is of another minde, to wit, that the arteries are the vehicles of his nou∣rishment which is thicke bloud, and that the same arteries doe also deriue vnto it the mo∣uing * 1.41 faculty, but of that more hereafter. We will return. Between the forenamed arteries in the middest passeth a veine through the backe of the yarde euen to the Nutte or glans, where it is implicated or foulded together with a nerue (which haply make the substance

of the Nut fungous) all which conuey bloud and spirites into the spongy substance of the yarde when it is prouoked or chafed.

It hath also Nerues so notable sayth Falopius that he that hath but halfe an eye may see them; Galen also in his 14. Booke de vsu partium and the 13. Chapter taketh knowledge of * 1.42 them. They proceede from the marrow of the great or holy bone, of which some that are cutaneous doe passe into the skinne of the yarde and the Testicles, to make them sensible of outward iniuries, others are inward on each side one and that very notable, which ascen∣deth vnder the share-bone through the middle bifurcation to the coate of the yarde, and from thence runneth diuersly dispersed to his muscles and to his whole body, togither with the arteries through his back, as farre as to the Nut or glans, to giue it a more exact sence, especially the Nut where it is of most vse to stirre vp pleasure in the act of generation. In * 1.43 these Nerues hapneth that tumor which we call 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, that is a knotty tumor of a sinew resisting the finger that presseth it, yet not dolorous; which ganglia here are the cause that when the yarde is erected stiffe like a Rams horne a Falopius speaketh, it is not distended beyond his ordinary magnitude, but onely groweth full and turgid.

Finally, the vpper part of the yarde is carnous or fleshy [table 4. figure 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 7. 9. ^D] * 1.44 and looketh alwaies as if it were swollen; and indeede it hath a greater compasse then any part of the whole trunke as Archangelus calleth it, of his body, that like the bottome of a glasse Still or cupping glasse, it might gather more heate vnto it selfe then any other part. It is equall, smooth, and turbinated, that is, broad at the basis or bottom, and growing smal∣ler, * 1.45 yet keeping his roundnes euen to the top, much like a Turkes cap or turbant, and it is called glans or the Nut of the yarde, and it is girt with a circle like a crowne. It is very soft that it might not offend the wombe, somewhat acuminated or sharpned also at the top the better to fit it for the orifice of the matrixe; of exquisite sence it is, that in the attrition and * 1.46 motion, together with the intention of the imagination (which is most powerfull in both sexes in the matter of procreation) the seede might be more plentifully eiaculated.

It is couered with a fine membrane, produced from that membrane which wee sayed be∣fore * 1.47 did encompasse the pipe or Canale; and it groweth not vnlike to a mushrum vppon the heads of the two bodies of the yarde. It is as we sayed of a spongy substance, which yet is not hollow within, but somewhat more solid and firme then other ordinary spongy bo∣dies.

But that it might be kept smooth, soft and glib, it hath a couering which ariseth from * 1.48 the skinne of the yarde brought forward, and againe reflected or returned, which the Gre∣cians call 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Galen in his 15. Booke of the vse of Parts calleth it Cutis epiphysin, in Latin praeputium, we cal it the fore-skin, that part which hangeth ouer the end is called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, because in coition it is mooued vp and downe, that in this attrition it might gather more heate and increase the pleasure of the other sexe. Some say it was ordained for ornament also, and not without good reason, because vpon the more dishonest part, God & Nature, or rather the God of Nature, hath put the more honour, that is the more couering.

This fore-skinne in the end of it is sometimes so contracted or drawne together, that it cannot be drawne backe, nor the Nut discouered without the helpe of a Chyrurgion. But when the Nutte is vncouered, that it may recouer his couer againe, this prepuce is tyed in the lower part with a membranous band or tie, which the greekes call 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 some 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, vinculum caninum, the Latines frenum, in English the bridle. Archangelus cal∣leth it a Ligament, others will haue it to be made of the extremities or ends of the sinewes, and this is it which bridleth or reyneth vp the fore-skinne on the lower side to the toppe of the Nut. It also furthereth the prosusion of seede, communicating by the Canale motion and heate to the prostate glandules which conteine the seede ready for eiaculation. For oftentimes in lustfull disports or imaginations, if this bridle be but lightly moued, the seede will incontinently issue foorth; euen as after a full meale, if a man but touch the end of his throate with his finger, the stomacke by reason of the continuity of the parts, contracteth it selfe and returneth the crapula or vndigested gobbets into the lap by vomit.

In the middest of this Nut is a passage or hole through which both the seede and the v∣rine is powred foorth, for it compasseth the common Canale at which place it is larger, but presently is contracted againe, that the seede hauing there a kinde of momentanie stay or stop, might procure more pleasure in this part. Wherefore those that labour of the gonor∣rhaea caused by the acrimony of rotten seed heaped vp in this large place, are here tortured with vlcers.

* 1.49 The vse of the Yard is as hath beene saide in the particular parts thereof; onely wee will add, that the auoiding of vrine was not the cause of the making of this member. (For we see women make water without it) but for procreation. Euen as Nature hath ordayned the nose for smelling, yet shee vseth it secondarily for purging the mucous excrements of the braine. So vpon a second intention this member serueth to deriue away the vrine where∣with otherwise we should lightly defile our selues.

And thus much shall suffice for the parts of Generation in men, wherein I haue bin indeed as particular as the Anatomicall History did require, but yet withall hope I shall finde par∣don, because the Reader may perceiue (at least if he haue any knowledge) that I haue pre∣termitted many secrets of Nature, which I could and would heere haue somewhat insisted vpon, if I had imagined that all into whose hands this worke should come had bin compe∣tent and fit Auditors for such kinde of Philosophy.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The names.
• * 1.2

  The reason of the scitua∣tion.
• * 1.3

  The Figure.
• * 1.4

  The dimensi∣ons.
• * 1.5

  The cause of the largenes of the yard. Galen
• * 1.6

  How to make it long.
• * 1.7

  The coats.
• * 1.8

  The parts of it
• * 1.9

  The structure Why not a bone.
• * 1.10

  Gristle.
• * 1.11

  Veine.
• * 1.12

  Artery.
• * 1.13

  Nerue.
• * 1.14

  Ligament.
• * 1.15

  Tendon.
• * 1.16

  How the yard is construed.
• * 1.17

  The 2. bodies.
• * 1.18

  The Catheter
• * 1.19

  A good note for Chirurgi∣ons.
• * 1.20

  The vessels of the yarde.
• * 1.21

  The vse of the structure of his bodies.
• * 1.22

  The coates of the yarde.
• * 1.23

  Comparison.
• * 1.24

  The Pipe of the yarde. Galen.
• * 1.25

  How the seed putrifieth in a Gonorrhaea.
• * 1.26

  The mem∣branes of the pipe.
• * 1.27

  A common passage.
• * 1.28

  A straunge thing obser∣ued by Vesali∣us.
• * 1.29

  The Muscles of the yarde.
• * 1.30

  Some of Ga∣lens workes lost. Vesalius. Laurentius. Bauhine. Two collate¦rall.
• * 1.31

  Columbus.
• 2 1.32

  2. Inferior
• * 1.33

  Comparison.
• * 1.34

  The vses of the muscles.
• * 1.35

  Where they cut for the stone.
• * 1.36

  A story.
• * 1.37

  A caueat for Chirurgions.
• * 1.38

  The vessels of the yarde. Veines.
• * 1.39

  Arteries.
• * 1.40

  Vesalius. Columbus. Archangelus.
• * 1.41

  Bauhines con∣ceite.
• * 1.42

  His nerues. Falopius. Galen
• * 1.43

  Ganglia what they are.
• * 1.44

  The glans or nu of the yarde.
• * 1.45

  His figure.
• * 1.46

  Substance.
• * 1.47

  His mēbrane.
• * 1.48

  The prepuce or fore-skin.
• * 1.49

  The vse of it.