Mikrokosmographia a description of the body of man. Together vvith the controuersies thereto belonging. Collected and translated out of all the best authors of anatomy, especially out of Gasper Bauhinus and Andreas Laurentius. By Helkiah Crooke Doctor of Physicke, physitian to His Maiestie, and his Highnesse professor in anatomy and chyrurgerie. Published by the Kings Maiesties especiall direction and warrant according to the first integrity, as it was originally written by the author.

CHAP. IIII. A briefe diuision and Ennumeration of all the Bones in the body.

THE whole Set or Pack of Bones called Sceletos we deuide into three parts; * 1.1 the Head, the Trunke, and the Ioyntes. The Scull which is called Cranium or Calua consisteth of eight bones, sixe proper and two common. The pro∣per bones are the Fore-head bone, the Nowle bone, the two bones of the * 1.2 Synciput, and the two Temple bones, wherein are contained the three small bones of the Eare, the Mallet or Hammer, the Stithy or Anuell, and the Stirrup. The two common bones are the Wedge bone and the Spongy or Syue bone.

The Face contaynes both the Iawes, both the vpper and the lower. The vpper Iaw * 1.3 consisteth of eleauen bones. The lower Iaw of two onely, vnto both these are 16. Teeth articulated by way of mortize or by Gomphosis, of which foure are called Incisores the She∣rers, two are called Canini the Dog-teeth, and ten Molares or the Grinders.

The Trunke is deuided into the Spine, the Ribs and the Bone without a name. The * 1.4 Spine hath foure parts: the Necke, the Backe, the Loynes and the Holy-bone. The Neck hath seauen rackebones which are called vertebrae. The Backe twelue, the Loynes fiue, * 1.5 and the Holy bone 4. or 6, whose extremitie is called Coccyx or the Rumpe. The ribs are twelue on either side, seauen true Ribs and fiue bastard Ribs, to which are articulated on the foreside the Breast-bone, aboue the Coller bones and on the backesides the shoul∣der blades. The bone without a name (and I thinke it better so to leaue it then to giue it an vnfit name) hath three parts; the Hip, the Hanches and the Sharebones.

The third part of the Sceleton is called the Ioyntes, and there are two of them the Hand and the Foote. The Hand is deuided into the Arme, the Cubite and the Hand * 1.6 properly so called. The Arme hath one bone the Cubit 2, called the Ell and the Wand. The Hand properly so called is deuided into the VVrest, the Afterwrest and the Fingers. The VVrest hath eight bones, the Afterwrest foure, the fingers fifteen, to which you may adde the Seede bones called Scsamoidea.

The Foote is deuided into the Thigh, the Leg and the Foote properly so called. The * 1.7 Thigh hath one bone: the Legge two, one retayneth the name of the whole and is called the Leg-bone, the other we call the Brace-bone, in Latin Fibula. The Foote properly so called hath three parts as had the Hand, the VVrest, the Afterwrest and the Toes. The VVrest which is called Pedium hath seuen bones: the Afterwrest Metapedium fiue bones:

The Toes foureteene. To all these wee may adde the bone of the Tongue called Hyois which hath no articulation with any other bone; and this is the briefe summe of all the bones in the body. Now we proceed vnto their particular History.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The diuision of the sceletos. The scull 8.
• * 1.2

  3. of hearing
• * 1.3

  The iawes 13 Teeth 32.
• * 1.4

  The spine 28.
• * 1.5

  The rumpe. Ribs 24 Breast bone 3 Coller bone 2 Shoulder. blades.
• * 1.6

  Arme 1. Cubit 2. The hands 54 The seed bones.
• * 1.7

  The thigh 1. Leg 2. Feete 52.