Mikrokosmographia a description of the body of man. Together vvith the controuersies thereto belonging. Collected and translated out of all the best authors of anatomy, especially out of Gasper Bauhinus and Andreas Laurentius. By Helkiah Crooke Doctor of Physicke, physitian to His Maiestie, and his Highnesse professor in anatomy and chyrurgerie. Published by the Kings Maiesties especiall direction and warrant according to the first integrity, as it was originally written by the author.

CHAP. XXVIII. Of the Hip, Hanch and Share bones.

THe third part of the Trunke was saide to be the Bone without a name, so cal∣led first by Oribatius, some from the greater part called it the Hanch-bone: Ku∣fus 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, os Coxae. [t. 20. f. 12, 13, & 14] It appeareth to be one on each side, be∣cause the gristles are dryed vp, but in children till the seauenth yeare of theyr age it is found to be made of three Bones diuided by gristles, and therefore they are saide commonly to be on each side three bones.

The vpper and broader parts which are ioyned with the Holy-bone [tab. 20. fig. 13, ^{A B CC DD} are called ossa 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, in Latine Illium, in English the Hanch-bone [ta. 16. fig. 1 ^mm ta. 20. fi. 13 aboue ^T to ^f] * 1.1 Their semicircular circumference is called the Spine of the hanch∣bone, [ta. 16. fig. 1 & 2. ⁱⁱ ta. 20. fig. 13 ^HLMN] which is vnequall, that some muscles might take their original therfrom, to wit, the oblique ascendent of the Abdomen, the fift of the chest, the first bender of the Leg, and the first extender called Membranosus. The inner part of the circumference is called Costa or the rib: the vtter part of the whole bone [Ta. 20. f. 14 at X] is called Dorsum Illij the backe of the Haunch-bone, wherein there are vnequal in∣scriptions or lines for the three muscles of the Thigh which make the Buttockes.

The interiour part is hollow and broad to affoord a fit and conuenient position to the internall Iliacke Muscles: [ta. 20. fig. 13, KK] aboue also it extuberateth for the Square muscle of the backe that is the first, and below for the tenth of the thigh.

The lower and vtter parts of this bone are called ossa Coxendicis, [ta. 16. fig. 1 ⁿⁿ. Tab. 20. fig. 13, below ^T & ^f as farre as to ^RP] in which there is a great sinus which they cal Aceta∣bulum and Pixidem [ta. 20. fig. 12 and 14 ^abc] the Cup, and properly in our English Tongue the Hip, to which the head of the thigh is articulated exceeding strongly. This cup or Hip hath a gristly processe, [ta. 20. fig. 12 and 14 ^e] called Supercilium or the brow, in vvhose circumference there are obserued three bosomes, two protuberations, [ta. 20. figu. 12 and and 13, T, V] an acute processe, [ta. 20. fig. 13 & 14, ^g] and finally an Appendix [ta. 20. fi. 13 and 14 ⁱ] that is very thicke: all these were ordained for the production partly of Liga∣ments, partly of muscles.

Finally, the foure parts of this vnnamed Bone are called ossa 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Pubis, in English the Share-bones, [ta. 16. fig. 1 and 2, ^pp. Ta. 20. fig. 13 and 14, that which is below R and Φ] * 1.2

• ...

• From T to f in Fig. 13, & 14, A part of the Coxendix called Os Illium the haunch∣bone, that which is below as far as to R & •• is called by the name of Coxēdix the Hip the remainder is the sharebone.
• A B CC DD 13, the foreside of the hanch bone where it is ioyned to the Holy-bone distinguished by a protuberation CC into two sinus A B DD.
• E F G 13 the backside of the hanchbone which gapeth from the Holy bone, & is filled vp by a gristle,
• H 13, 14, a part of the backside reaching out beyonde the processe of the Holy∣bone.
• K 13, An impression in the inside of the hanch-bone made for the originall of of the fift muscle of the back.
• L 12, 13. the inside of the appendix of the banch bone.
• M 12, the anterior end of the appendix.
• N 13, 14, his posterior end.
• O 12, 14, the outside of this appendix.
• P Q R 13. A swelling from whence the tenth muscle of the thigh issueth.
• * 13, this place affoordeth an originall to the 7. muscle of the thigh
• S 12, 13, 14, the vpper sinus of the Coxen∣dix aboue which do run the sixt muscle of the thigh, & the 7. with a Nerue,
• T 12, 13, 14, A higher protuberation a∣boue this sinus or cauity.
• V 12, 13, 14, another lower protuberati∣on.
• X Y Y 14, a darke line in the backe of the haunch bone X, another in the same place YY.
• Y 12, 13, the vpper sinus of the sharebone a b 12, 13, The Cup of the Coxendix which admitteth the head of the Thigh, the deepe hollownesse of it is marked with c. d 14, the sinus or bosome wherein the Cup is grauen. e 12, 14, the brow of the Cup. f 13, 14, a cauity of the Coxendix made for trans∣mission of the fourth nerue of the Leg. g 13, 14, the acute processe of the Coxendix. h 12, 13, 14, a sinus to which the tenth muscle of the thigh is reflected. i 12, 14 the Appendix of the Coxendix, k l m n 14, diuers impressions in this appendix. o 14, the posterior end of this Appendix. p 12, P 14, the roughnesse of the share-bone to which the gristle groweth. q 12, 13, 14, the hole of the share-bone. s 12, 13, 14, abosom aboue the hole of the sharebone. t 12, 13, 24, the lower processe of the sharebone.

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Figure 12. sheweth the forepart of the Coxendix which is ioyned to the right side of the Holy-bone.

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Fig. 13. the inside of the Coxendix. Fig. 14. his outside.

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Fig. 15. the gristle that goeth betwixt the share-bone in a man

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Fig. 16. the gristle that goeth betwixt them in a woman.

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TABVLA XX.

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FIG. VI.

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VII.

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X

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XI

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XIII

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IIX

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IX

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XIV

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XII

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XV. XVI.

because in the middle of the share they are ioyned together by a gristle. [t. 20. fig. 15. at 6] Before and aboue they haue a sinus or bosom, [ta. 20. fig. 12. ^Y] made for the descent of the crurall vessell: they are also rough for the originall of the right and pyramidall muscles of the Abdomen, and of the second bender of the Leg. But otherwise they are but thinne bones and perforated with the greatest hole that is in the whole body [ta. 16. fig. 1, and 2, ^qq tab. 20, fig, 12, 13, and 14, ^q] This hole was made for lightnesse, and the empty place is stopped vp on the outside with the external obturator or compassing muscle of the thigh and on the inside with the internall, vnder the hole it hath a processe [ta, 20, fig, 13, 14, ^•] from whence the bodies of the yard and some muscles take their originall.

These Bones ioyned with the Holy-bone doe make that cauity which they call the Bason [tab, 16. fig, 1, sheweth it] which contayneth a part of the Guts, the Bladder and the * 1.3 Wombe: and to conclude, these three bones put together make the basis or foundation of the body, which it selfe is immouable whilest all the body moueth vpon it. And thus much of the Trunke.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The Hanch∣bone,
• * 1.2

  The share∣bones.
• * 1.3

  Their vse.