Mikrokosmographia a description of the body of man. Together vvith the controuersies thereto belonging. Collected and translated out of all the best authors of anatomy, especially out of Gasper Bauhinus and Andreas Laurentius. By Helkiah Crooke Doctor of Physicke, physitian to His Maiestie, and his Highnesse professor in anatomy and chyrurgerie. Published by the Kings Maiesties especiall direction and warrant according to the first integrity, as it was originally written by the author.

CHAP. XX. Of the Arteries of the Foote in the large Acception.

WEe saide before that the great Artery about the lower spondels or rack-bones of the Loynes, or aboue the beginning of the Os sacrum or holy-bone is diui∣ded * 1.1 into two notable Iliacke branches. [Tab. 21, ^νν] Each of these is againe subdiuided on eyther side into two others, one exterior the other interior. [Tab. 21, ζ 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.]

The interior [ζ and Tab. 17, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉] shooteth out two scions, one externall [^o and tab. 17, ^ss] called Muscula inferior, the lower Muscle artery which runneth ouerthwart and is consu∣med into the muscles that couer the outside of the haunch-bones and the ioynt of the hip, The other internall, [〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 and tab. 17, ^uu] called Hypogastrica, which runneth directly down∣ward and sendeth his surcles to the parts of the Hypogastrium or Water-course, as the blad∣der, the wombe, &c. The remainder of this branch [Tab. 21. ζ] descending [vnder 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉] first admitteth the vmbilicall artery of his own side; after it assumeth a portion from the out∣ward branch of the first diuision [neere ••;] and so increased it passeth through the hole of the share bone into the leg, and is distributed into the muscles which occupy the share∣bone; thirdly in the end it ioyneth [tab. 21, ω] with another artery. [〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.] The vtter branch or the stocke it selfe running downeward accompanied with his veyne whilest it is yet in the belly [aboue ••] sendeth one branch vpward and outward through the cauity of the Abdomen called Epigastrica, [tab. 21, ••, tab. 17, char. 12,] vnto the muscles thereof, and a∣nother inward called Pudenda [tab. 21, ν tab. 17, char. 15,] which issueth from the Artery somtime within the Peritonaeum, sometimes without, and runneth along the share-bone, but of these we haue spoken before in the 15 chapter, and repeated them briefly heere to make better way vnto that which followeth.

The Iliacke trunke of the great artery when it hath passed through the Peritonaeum and the cauity of the belly into the thigh, is called Cruralis, [tab. 21, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 tab. 17, char. 16.] & from it branches on eyther side are propagated and disseminated into the whole foot, eight in number.

The first is called Muscula Cruralis exterior, the vtter crurall muscle Artery. [tab. 21, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉,] * 1.2 Itissueth out of the outside of the crural trunke, and running downeward is consumed in∣to the foure muscles that compasse the bone of the thigh.

The second is called Muscula cruralis interna, [tab. 21, ψ] because it riseth out of the in∣side * 1.3

[illustration]

Table 21 Sheweth the distribution of the great Arte∣ry into both the feete.

[illustration]

TABVLAXXI.

• λ, The lower mesentericall artery.
• μμ, Lumbares which run in knots or knees into the spondels of the loynes.
• νν, The diuision of the great Artery into Iliack bran∣ches aboue the holy-bone.
• ξ, the diuisiō of the right Iliack into an inner branch at ξ, and an vtter at φ.
• 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Muscula inferior, An vtter propagation of the inner branch going into the muscles couering the ioynt of the Coxendix.
• π, Hypogastrica, An inner propagation of the inner branch at ξ, going to the bladder, the yard, and the wombe, &c.
• ρσ the coniunction at ρ, of the vmbilicall veyne σ, with the branch, ξ.
• ττ, Epigastrica, which is sent vpward into the right muscles of the Abdomen.
• υ, Pudenda, which creepeth transuersly along the share-bone vnto the priuities.
• φ, the externall Iliack branch.
• χ, the outward crurall Muscle-Artery.
• ψ, the internall crurall Muscle-Artery, which is sent to the muscles of the thigh on the inside.
• ω, the coniunction of this Artery with a branch of the Epigastricke.
• Γ, Poplitaea, or the artery of the hamme.
• ΔΔ, Propagations of the surall Artery on eyther side going vnto the ioynt of the knee and three muscles of the foote.
• Θ, Suralis, the artery of the Calfe which descendeth with the inner veine, and is diuided into three branches, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
• Λ, Tibiaea exterior going vnto the muscles of the foot.
• Π Φ, the lower & backer Tibiaea hidden within the muscles attaineth vnder the transuerse ligament to the vpper part of the foot at Φ, and is consumed into the muscles of the toes.
• Ξ Ψ, the lower, the trunke of the crurall artery be∣twixt the heele and the inner artery, to which it offereth a branch marked with 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, which runneth to the vpper side of the foot.
• Ω, the remainder of the Crurall artery going to the toes themselues betwixt the tendons of their mus∣cles. a b; the diuision of the branch Ω, into an inner and vtter branch, a b. c the diuision of the interior branch into 5 to the great toe, fore-toe, and the middle toe. d the diuision of the exterior branch vnto the middle toe, the little toe, and the next vnto it.

side of the foresaide trunke sometime answering in opposition to the former, and is di∣stributed into the muscles which occupy the inside of the thigh, and falling downe vnto the knee, a smal branch thereof is mixed [ω] with the last branch of the Hypogastrick artery.

The third is called Poplitaea, [Tab. 21. ••] the crurall trunke creeping downeward vnder * 1.4 the hamme being accompanied with •• large veine maketh this propagation: some surcles thereof run out into the back-ward muscles of the thigh, the rest descendeth a good way to the ham-veyne.

The fourth is called Suralis; the trunke lurking in the hamme or a little vnder it, shoo∣teth * 1.5 out on each side a deepe propagation, [tab. 21, ΔΔ] which are consumed, partly in the ioynt of the knee, partly into three muscles of the foote which make the Calfe and take their originall there abouts. And these are the foure veynes which arise from the trunke in the region of the thigh, from hence it descendeth to the hamme [tab. 21, Θ] together with the interior veyne, partly to the leg, and partly to the foot; when it is drenched with∣in the muscles of the leg it is diuided into three notable branches. [tab. 21, Λ Σ Π.]

The fift which is the first of these three [Δ] is called Tibiaea exterior, the outward leg ar∣tery. It is a notable branch arising from the outside of the trunke beeing accompanied * 1.6 with the larger branch of the vtter veine, and so descendeth along the Fibula or Brace, & is consumed into the muscles which occupy the leg as far as they are fleshy.

The sixt Crurall Artery is the second of the forenamed branches [ta. 21. σ] and is cal∣led Tibiaea posterior elatior, the vpper and backer Leg artery. It yssueth a little below the * 1.7 former out of the backer and lower part of the trunk, and descendeth as far as to the com∣mixtion of the tendons of the muscles that make the Calfe, being accompanied with the hinder branch of the interior veine.

The seauenth which is the third and last of the aforesayde branches [Ta. 21. Π] is called * 1.8 Tibiaea posterior et humilior, the lower and backer Leg Artery. It ariseth out of the backe∣ward and exterior part of the trunke, and being accompanyed through the membranous Ligament (with the fore-branch of the inner veine) which ioyneth the Brace vnto the Leg, it is hidde within the muscles, and runneth forward and downward further then the other two till it passe the transuerse Ligament and attayne to the top of the foote, [Table. 21. ^q] from whence it is disseminated into the muscles that leade the Toes backeward, at which place Vessalius and Platerus say that the pulse may be easily felt.

The eight Artery of the Leg is nothing else but the remaynder of the Crurall trunke * 1.9 descending along the backeside of the Tibea or Leg, [tab. 21. the lower Ξ] betwixt the 2. and 3. muscles of the Toes, and so it passeth betwixt the heele & the inner ankle vnto the soale of the foot, but at the inner ankle it offers a branch to the foote, [ta. 21. ψ] which rea∣cheth to the muscle of the great Toe, and creepeth a good way vpon the top of the foot.

That which is left [Ta. 21. Ω] amongst the tendons of the muscles of the Toes, is deui∣ded into two branches [^ab] each of which departeth into 5. surcles: for the inner branch [^c] affordeth two to the great Toe, two to that next it, and one to the middle. The exterior [^b] offereth two to the little Toe, two to that next it, and one to the middle Toe [^d] and the lower side thereof.

And thus much concerning the distribution of the great Artery throughout the whole body. It remayneth that wee come vnto the third sort of vesselles which are the nerues, for whose prosecution we haue set aside the third part of this Booke.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The diuision of the Iliack Arteries.
• * 1.2

  Mus. Cru. exter.
• * 1.3

  Mus. Cru inter.
• * 1.4

  Poplitaea
• * 1.5

  Suralis
• * 1.6

  Tibiaea exterior
• * 1.7

  Tibiaea posterior elatior.
• * 1.8

  Tibiaea posterior & humilior.
• * 1.9

  What the eight artery is