Mikrokosmographia a description of the body of man. Together vvith the controuersies thereto belonging. Collected and translated out of all the best authors of anatomy, especially out of Gasper Bauhinus and Andreas Laurentius. By Helkiah Crooke Doctor of Physicke, physitian to His Maiestie, and his Highnesse professor in anatomy and chyrurgerie. Published by the Kings Maiesties especiall direction and warrant according to the first integrity, as it was originally written by the author.

CHAP. XIII. Of the Tunnel, the Flegmaticke Glandule, the won∣derfull Net, and the vse of the Braine.

AT the first or forward hole of the third Ventricle, or at the sides of that hole or orifice [Tab. 11, fig. 7, and 8 l] we meet with a deepe cauity ioy∣ned aboue to the Braine and made (as saith Galen in his ninth booke of * 1.1 the Vse of parts and the third chapter) of the pia mater compassing the basis of the Braine. For of this pia mater lengthned out is made a round processe or production, [Tab. 15. fig. 20.^CC] whose beginning is large and ample, [Tab. 12, fig. 11, ^E fig. 12, ^B] but after is straightned into a pipe till it end in a long Fistule or quill (wouen with small but many veines) which through a proper hole [Tab. 12. fig. 11,^F] made for it in the Dura mater descendeth and determineth into the Pine-Glandule. This passage by Galen in his ninth Books of the Vse of parts and of Ana∣tomicall Administrations and the third Chapters, as also by many that haue followed him, is called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 peluis the Bason. He calleth it also in the place before named 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 In∣fundibulum the Tunnell, because in the top it serueth as a Tunnels top to admit the Hu∣mor, * 1.2 and in the bottome like the pipe to let it out; for by this the thicker excrements of the Braine stored vp in the ventricles are receiued and transmitted to the Flegmaticke Glandule of which we shall speake by and by. Vesalius maketh the vpper part to be cal∣led 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, and compareth it to a Bathing tub such as they vse in Hot houses. The neather part 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, which cannot be better compared then to the pipe of a Tunnell such as they * 1.3 run Beere with.

Concerning the vse all Anatomists do agree; but Laurentius me-thinkes for the fashi∣on and the vse compareth it best to such a bagge as wee call Manica Hippocratis in Eng∣lish commonly an Hippoccas bagge, because through it they run; Hippoccas which is called Hip. wine. Next to the bason followeth the flegmatick Glandule. Galen in his 9. book de vsu

partium and the third Chapter calleth it simply 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, that is, a Glandule. The seate of it * 1.4 is vnder and without the Meninges at the end of the Tunnell in the saddle of the wedge∣bone. For this saddle or bosome of the bone was purposely made to receiue this Glan∣dule: and therefore the forme of them both differeth little; for it is flat hollow aboue, gib∣bous below and almost foure square. The substance is Glandulous, but yet more compact * 1.5 and harder then other glandules. Thicke it is and compassed about with the Pia mater hap∣ly with that part thereof which maketh the Tunnell, and by this Membrane it is tyed to the bone and leaneth to two branches of the soporary Arteries called Carotides which creepe vp by the sides thereof. [Table 12, fig. 12. ^CDEF] This Glandule receiueth the excrements in * 1.6 manner of a sponge as they fall from the braine, which excrement it not onely emptieth into the palate, but also some fals downe by his sides through those holes which are bored in the Basis of the Scul. Neyther was Hippoc. ignorant hereof, who in his books de Glandulis & de locis in omine saith, that Humors fal out of the head through the eares, the eies, the nose; o∣thers * 1.7 by the Pallat into the throat & the gullet, some also through the veins into the spinal mar∣row and into the bloud: that is 7. wayes. For at the sides of this Glandule there are bored two holes in the bōe which descēd, one forward ending in that hole where through the 2. payre of sinewes is led, the other descendeth more backward and passeth by the sharp Cleft at the sides of that hole through which that notable branch of the soporary Artery ascendeth in∣to the Scull, of which outlets we shall speake more at large in the History of the bones.

And these are the wayes by which the phelgme is euacuated out of the braine. For the braine being great and large stood in need of much aliment, and because it is very moist & not very hot out of that much aliment many excrements do arise & are gathered therein; which excrements being of two kindes thinne and thicke, the thin do vapour out through the Sutures, the thicke are euacuated partly by the Nostrils as we haue saide already, part∣ly by the Palate. For those that arise aboue the Ventricles and are stabled in the diuision of the braine are purged by the foreward hole and the Nose, and is called Mucus; we giue it a homely name but proper to it, and call it Snot.

But those that are gathered in the ventricles do most what descend to the Tunnell and are auoided by the Palate, eyther by simple spitting which we call Rheume, or else by er∣creation or hawking which we cal phelgme. And thus much of the Glandule & vse therof.

The Rete mirabile or wonderfull Net which Galen (in the 9. booke of the Vse of parts & * 1.8 the third chapter) calleth, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, [Tab. 13, fig. 14,] that is, the Net like complica∣tion, hath his name from the artificiall figure; for it is made of the soporary arteries, [tab. 13, fig. 14. ^{A B}] which arising vpward from the heart through the Chest climbe vnto the head * 1.9 and at the Basis of the Brayne neere the originall of the opticke Nerues, do make this web or Net. This net compasseth the glandule [Tab. 13, fig. 14, ^•] at the sides of the saddle of the wedge-bone, and is not like a simple Net, but as if you should lay many fishers Nets * 1.10 one aboue another; wherein this is admirable, that the replications of one are tyed to the replications of another so that you cannot separate the Nets asunder, but they are all of them so wrought into one another as if it were a bodye of Net meshed together not into breadth onely, but euen into thicknesse also. In these according to Galen, the Animall spirits make long stay; which haue for this proper and immediate matter the vitall spirits raised vp in the arteries and heere wrought into Animall, from whence they are conuey∣ed into the ventricles of the braine. For saith Galen (in his 9. booke of the Vse of parts and the fourth chapter) where Nature intendeth exactly to forme any thing she prouideth that it shall remaine some good space in the instruments of concoction. Some are of opinion that the vitall spirits are prepared in these small arteries, and some (Archangelus for instāce) that the Animall spirits are inchoated heere and perfected in the Plexus Choroides, that ha∣uing receiued their power and efficacy from the Braine & the marrow thereof, they might yssue into the ventricles and there be stored vp for vse.

Vesalius affirmeth that this wonderfull Net is onely found in the heads of beasts, but we, saith Bauhine, haue beene able to make demonstration of it in all the mens heads we * 1.11 haue hitherto cut vp, although we confesse that in Calues and Oxen it is much greater & more conspicuous. Now these three particles, the Tunnell, the Glandule and the Net cannot be demonstrated before the substance of the After-braine be taken away; and the 2. * 1.12 latter not before the Dura meninx be dissected. Finally, before you make demonstrati∣on of these three, you must shew the spectators the Mamillary processes and the payres or coniugations of the sinewes, which otherwise in the search for these will be defaced.

[illustration]

Table. 13. Figure 13. exhibiteth the vesselles of the Braine and their distribution, especially through the right side, whither they proceede from the internall Iugular veine, or from the sleepie Arterie, or from the sinus of the Dura Meninx.

[illustration]

Figure, 14. sheweth the wonderful Net as Galen describeth it.

[illustration]

Figure 15. sheweth the pituitary Glandule with the Bason and the sleepy Arteries.

[illustration]

Figure 16. sheweth the Rete-mirabile or wonderfull Net, to∣gether with the glandule as it is found in the heads of Calues and Oxen.

[illustration]

TABVLA XIII.

[illustration]

FIG. XIII.

[illustration]

XIV.

[illustration]

XV

[illustration]

XVI.

• A. The internall Iugular veine.
• B. The sleepy or Iugular artery,
• C. the first veine.
• D. the 2 veine which is led vnto the Sinus.
• E, the 3, creeping through the dura meninx
• F, the fourth running into the Sinus.
• G H, the 5 and 6 going to the dura meninx.
• I, the first Artery.
• Φ. A braunch of the same Artery running through the Muscles of the necke.
• K, the second artery reching into the sinus
• L, the third without a companion.
• r A small branch of the third Artery.
• M, N, the 1 & 2 sinus of the Dura Meninx.
• O, the congresse or meeting of both those sinus. PP, the 3 sinus of the Dura Meninx
• Q, The end thereof.
• R, the fourth sinus of the Dura meninx.
• SS, Branches of the first Sinus deriued into the Membranes neere at hand.
• TTTT, Branches of the third Sinus disper∣sed into the Pia Meninx.
• VV, the lower smal branches of the 3. sinus
• XX, the vpper, distributed through the Du∣ra meninx.
• Y Y, certain surcles of the 4 Sinus sent vp∣ward. aa, Others sent downward.
• b, the vpper passage of the fourth Sinus running by the Syth.
• cc, Surcles runing vpward from this passage
• d e, the right & left vpper branches of the fourth Sinus. f, The lower branch going to the Pia mater.
• g, A branch of the same pas••going forward
• h, The same bending backewarde to the Choroides reflected to the Cerebellum.
• i, A notable vessell into the which the 4. Sinus doth determine.
• K the vpper. The by-partition of this vessel in the braine.
• l, m, Two branches of this by-partition.
• n. A surcle reching to the organ of hearing
• ooo, the distribution of the 3 vein & artery,
• ppp, Surcles proceeding from the Brāches marked with o derined into the pia mater
• φ, The diuision of the third artery where it entreth into the scull. s. A braunch reaching to the hollownes of the nostrils
• t, the end of this in the extreamity of the, vessel. uu, 2 branches entring into the scul
• x. A branch deriued vnto the eie from the coition or meeting of the branches uu,
• e, A branch attaining to the pia mater.

A, A brāch attaining to the right ventricle ♌ The complication of vessels called Plexus Choroides formed on either side of the branch marked with A. Fig. 14, A, B, Arteries climbing. the scull, and making this wonderful net. CD, Branches into which the surcles of that net are ioynedin to E, the pituitaryglandule or kernel of flegm Fig: 15. A, the Glandule receiuing the bason. B, the bason it selfe, or if you wil, the Tunnel called Peluis or infundibulum. CC, the sleepy Arteries. D, A branch of the artery going to the side of the Dura Meninx. E, Another branch of the same artery going to the nostrils. FF, An artery in one side diuided into 2 bran∣ches, but in the other side meeting togither againe. G, A partition of the artery creeping through the du∣rameninx, H, Another branch which getteth out of the scull and reacheth to the eies. Figure 16, A The petuitary Glandule. B, C. The sleepye arteries going into the scull. D, D. The wonderfull * 1.13 For the vse of the Braine. Aristotle (in his second booke de partibus Animalium and the 7. chapter) writeth, that the braine was made as a commō good for the behoofe of the whole Creature, to temper the feruour and heate of the heart; which opinion because it is suffici∣ently refuted by Galen in his 3. booke of the Vse of parts and the second chapter wee wil not

insist long vpon it, only these two things we open. First, that the heart is sufficiently refri∣gerated by our perpetuall inspiration and expiration. Secondly, that if Nature had in∣tended the brayne to coole the heart, she would not haue set them so farre distant, but pla∣ced it eyther about the heart or at least in the Chest: as well therefore might he haue saide that the Heele was made for the vse of the heart as the Braine.

Wherefore we determine the vse of the braine to be, first for a habitation for the soule whereby she performeth her Animall functions, as well those that are principall as also * 1.14 those of sense and motion. Secondly, that in the substance thereof the Animall spirits might bee laboured, therein conueyed and from thence deriued into the body. For so saith Galen (in his 8. booke of the Vse of parts and the 13. chapter, and the 9. booke and the * 1.15 4. chapter.) In the whole substance of the body of the Braine is the Animal spirit wrought and reserued, not onely in the ventricles: and in his 12. booke of Method the 5. chapter & the third de locis affect is and the 7. speaking of the falling sicknesse he saith, It is caused in the braine, the humor hindering the Animall spirits which are contained in the ventricles that they cannot yssue out. Thirdly, that the Nerues and spinall marrow might proceede from the marrow thereof, which is so manifest as we neede not cite the places of Galen to proue it. For the Nerues receiue from the braine as from a principle, as we say á quo and of dispensation, the Animal vertue and sensatiue soule which do reside in his substance and do distribute the faculties of sense and motion into the Organs or Instruments of sense & motion as it were through Channels hauing in thē the Animall spirits to conuey the same faculties.

This Animall spirit although it performe many seruices, is one and the same; leading * 1.16 all the faculties of the sensatiue soule through the Nerues into all the parts of the body: but the Instruments into which out of the braine it is powred into the Nerues are manifolde. Wherefore if they runne into the eyes which are the Organs of the sight they make Visi∣on; if into the eares Hearing, &c. This Aristotle (in his second booke de generatione Ani∣malium * 1.17 and the last text) elegantely declareth by the example of a Smiths hammer, for as the hammer is but one instrument yet doth many seruices according to the variety of the subiect vpon which it worketh; so is the spirit in the worke of Natures administrations; & as the beames of the Sunne are one and the same yet appeare diuers if they light vpon di∣uers coulers, so is it with the Animall spirits.

The substance of the Braine although it be deuoide of Animall motion and sense (for * 1.18 it is not deuoide of Naturall) yet is it the originall of sense and voluntary motion which we may better perceiue if we consider that disease which we cal the Apoplexie. For those that are Apoplecticall although all their Instruments of the senses are perfect, yet because the Animal spirits are intercepted they haue no sense at all. For the originall of the spinall mar∣row being totally stopped, all the parts vnder it doe loose doth sense and motion: so also if the Nerue which is conueyed to any part be obstructed, that part is depriued of sense & * 1.19 motion. Hence it followeth that the braine is the seate and residence of the sensatiue soule, and the fountaine of sense and motion. Of sense, because it receiueth the impressi∣ons of all sensible things. Of motion because it dispenseth the knowledge of auoiding that which is hurtfull, and desire to follow after that which is profitable and behoouefull.

As for Natural sense and motion there is a great question whether the braine haue them * 1.20 or no: and first for sense. Hippocrates (in his booke de vulneribus capitis) saith, that the braine hath present and exquisite sense about the Sinciput or sides of the head, because in this place the bone is the thinnest and most of the braine is there contained; beside, the skin of the head is there thinnest also. Moreouer saith he, the diseases of the braine are the most acute and dangerous, yea for the most part mortall and hard to be iudged of by those that are not very well experienced.

Galen (in his first booke of the cause of Symptoms and the 8. chapter) saith, that the braine was not made by Nature an instrument with sense, but so that it is able to comprehend or * 1.21 perceiue all those things by which it suffereth, as if he should haue saide, The braine is not made to be a particular instrument of sence, so as it can perceiue or apprehend colours onely as the eyes, sauours onely as the tongue, &c: But it is a common instrument of sen∣sation discerning colours, sauours, smels, sounds and tactile qualities; and in a word all sensible obiects.

Wherefore the braine feeleth vniuersally whatsoeuer is offered vnto it, not with choice as the eye which receiueth not the sound but onely his owne obiect and so in the rest. It

remayneth therefore that the Naturall sence of the braine is none at all or at least so weak and dull as it is hardly perceiued, for in his substance there is rather a faculty of Touching then an instrument of Touch.

Fernelius thinketh that all motion is from the marrow of the braine, and all sence from * 1.22 his membranes; because the body of the braine is perpetually moued but hath no feeling at all: on the other side, his membranes are of themselues immouable especially the Dura mater, but feele very exactly. So in the Lethargy or Phrensie which are diseases of the substance of the braine there is no paine at all, but if a sharp vapour or humour be raised vp vnto the Meninges, then grieuous paine followeth. Moreouer the spinall marrow and all the nerues haue their marrow from the braine & that couered with the Meninges, al which haue the same and no other power or faculty then what they receiued from their original. wherefore the forepart of the braine is the beginning of Sence, the hinder part of Motion, but of Touching the Meninges or Membranes are the originall. Those nerues which are full of marrow are the instruments of Motion; of Touching, those whose greater parts are produced by the Meninges. And this is Fernelius his Philosophy concerning this poynt, but how consonant to reason we shall see afterward.

Concerning the motion of the braine great difference there is among Authors. Galen in his 8. booke of the Vse of Parts and the second Chapter, sayth it hath perpetuall motion. * 1.23 Vesalius denies it, answeres his arguments & addeth that he could neuer perceiue any such * 1.24 motion either in great woundes of the head, or which is more in his dissections of liuing Creatures. Fallopius halteth in this poynt, he sayes it but hee dares not auouch it.

Platerus thinks that those that say it moues, mistake the motion of the braine for the mo∣tion of the third Sinus, which beateth like an artery. Columbus, Archangelus and Laurenti∣us, doe all consent that it moueth continually; and instance in woundes of the head. Lau∣rentius * 1.25 is so confident that he sayth he is a mad man and wants his sences that will deny it. To resolue vpon somewhat among so many opinions, we think; that the braine is not mo∣ued by any Animall or voluntary motion, but by a Naturall and that double: one proper of his owne, another from the arteries, albeit this last Archangelus doth deny, because those * 1.26 arteries that runne aboue are too small, but those that are in the bottom of the brain much lesse, yet it giueth the power of voluntary motion to other parts.

This motion is proper and peculiar to the braine, for the generation, nourishment and expurgation of the Animall spirit, for it is dilated and againe constringed as may be seene * 1.27 in wounds of the head where a notable part of the Scull is taken away, as also of the mem∣branes sayth Bauhine. And in children new borne in the mould, the braine is so manifestly * 1.28 seene to beate and pant, that euen the bones which at that time are very soft are mooued therewith. When it is dilated it draweth out of the Sinus of the dura mater (some say out of the wonderful net or web of the soporarte arteries) vitall spirits and ayre by the nosthrils, for the restauration and preseruation of the Animall spirites, & when it contracteth it selfe it driueth out the Animall spirits laboured in his substance through the nerues, as through * 1.29 pipes and canals into the organs of sence and motion, or as Archangelus hath it out of the foreward ventricles being contracted into the third and fourth, and so into the organs a∣foresaide: which spirites when they ariue in the particular parts they nourish the Animall spirits bred and fixed in those partes. For the Animall spirit floweth through the nerues into all the parts, not onely to be the conuayer of the sensatiue and mouing Soule, but also to giue nourishment to the Animall spirits fixed in the parts; and this spirit is the medium or Meane by which the Sensatiue Soule and al his faculties which are incorporeal are ioy∣ned with the body. The outward parts because their instruments are farther off, stood in neede of nerues as it were Channels through which the Animall spirites accompanied by the Vital as it were by guides might be conuaied, but the inward parts because their instru∣ments are neare and at hand needed no nerues, but receiue the same by blind and inuisible by-waies yet guided by the same Vital spirits.

We haue also sayd that at the entrance into and at the out-gate from the heart there are * 1.30 certain Values or floud-gates set, and their vses wee haue allotted. Now Archangelus is of opinion that the Buttocks and Pine-glandule of the Braine doe here the same offices that the values did in the heart. For sayth he, in the dilatation of the braine the way out of the third ventricle into the fourth closeth it selfe, and beside is shut vp by the glandule falling betweene the Buttocks, that no part of the spirits can returne out of the fourth ventricle in∣to the third. On the contrary, in the contraction the glandule is lifted vp and the Buttocks

are diuided, and so away is made for the Animall spirit to flow out of the third ventricle into the fourth.

Concerning the generation of Animall spirits there are diuers opinions; especially * 1.31 seauen, one of Galen, another of Vesalius, a third of Columbus, a fourth of Argenterius, a fift of Archangelus, a sixt of Laurentius, and a seaueth of Varolius, to which Bauhine our au∣thor subscribeth.

Galens opinion was, that they were made of the vitall spirite brought by the soporarie ar∣teries * 1.32 and of ayre breathed in, mary as for the place of their generation he seemeth to be al∣together vncertaine; for sometimes hee assigneth the Plexus Choroides, sometimes the ven∣tricles, sometimes the substance and body of the braine.

Vesalius sayeth they are laboured in the right and left ventricle by a power and efficacy * 1.33 receiued from the brain, and haue for their matter vitall spirits from the heart, & aire drawn in by inspiration ascending through the third ventricle.

Columbus sayth they are made of ayre drawne by the nosethrils and altered in the caui∣ties * 1.34 of the forehead bone and the wedge-bone, and carried through the pores of the spon∣gy bone to the forward ventricles where it meeteth with the vitall spirit sent vpward from the hart by the soporarie arteries, & powred into the Plexus choroides which is in the ventri∣cles; both which spirits and ayre, sayth he, by the perpetuall motion of the braine and this Plexus Choroides are exactly mingled, and of them the Animall spirits are generated in that Plexus Choroides which is in the ventricles, and this he sayth was his owne inuention.

Argenterius will haue but one influent or moouable spirite besides the fixed spirites of * 1.35 the particular partes, whose arguments shall be sufficiently answered in our Controuersies by Laurentius.

Archangelus opinion is, that the Animall spirits are made of the vitall, changed by ma∣ny * 1.36 exagitations and alterations by the arteries which make the Rete mirabile and the Plex∣us Choroides, but receiuing his vttermost perfection in and by the substance of the Braine, & so becommeth a conuenient vehicle of the sensatiue soule. The processe of which gene∣ration he sayth is after this manner. There is an inchoation or beginning made in the Rete¦mirabile, but the plenarie perfection is in the Plexus Choroides, yet that from a power or fa∣cultie of the marrow of the braine in which alone such power resideth; being so perfected they are powred out into the ventricles (which adde nothing to their generation) as into store-houses or places of receyte where they are kept to bee transported into the whole body.

Laurentius thus, the Animall spirit is generated of the vitall spirit and the aire breathed * 1.37 in; whose preparation is in the labyrinthian webs of the small arteries, & in the vpper or for∣ward ventricles; but they receiue a farther elaboration in the third ventricle and their per∣fection in the fourth, and from thence by the nerues are diffused into the whole body: but he reprehendeth those that auouch that this spirit receiueth his forme and specificall diffe∣rence in the webs before named.

Finally Varolius and with him Bauhine and wee with them will resolue, first for their mat∣ter that it is arterial bloud aboundantly fulfilled with vitall spirits and ayre drawn in by the * 1.38 nosethrils; for the manner wee say it is thus. The spirituous and thin bloud is sent vp from the heart by the soporarie arteries vnto the braine, and is powred out into the Sinus of the dura mater whilest they are dilated as is venall bloud out of the veins. With this is mingled ayre drawne by inspiration through the nosethrilles, and ariuing into the braine through the pores of the spongy bone. These substances thus mingled and mixed in the vesselles, * 1.39 whilest they are carried through the conuolutions of the Braine are altered and prepared, purged also from phlegmatick excrement, which whilst it nourisheth the braine, the more subtile part is transfused into his substance, and there, that is, in the marrowy substance of the braine, it is laboured into a most subtile Animall spirite, and so is from thence by the same passages returned and communicated to the spinall marrow and to the nerues of the whole body. Neither saith Varolius is it necessary that these spirits should haue any caui∣ties to be laboured in; and hee sheweth it by an example. When wee shut one eye the Animall spirit in a moment returneth vnto the other, so that it dilateth the ball or pupill of the other, and yet is there no manifest passage between them, sauing those insensible po••••s which are in euery nerue and also in the substance of the braine. And hereunto subscri∣beth also Platerus on this manner: the common opinion saith he, is that the Animall spi∣rit is generated and contayned in the Plexus Choroides, which I cannot approue as well be∣cause * 1.40

these vesselles are so very small, as also because so many excrements of the braine fall through the ventricles. I thinke therefore that the Animall spirit is tyed to the substance of the braine, so that the braine is neuer without Animall spirites, neither can the Animall spirites subsist in any part without the substance of the braine: for what else is the inward substance of euery Nerue but a kinde of production of the braine compassed about with a production also of the membranes of the same.

And thus much shall be sufficient to haue sayed concerning the vse of the Braine and the generation of the Animall spirit. Now wee proceede to the After-braine or the Cere∣bellum.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The Tunnell.
• * 1.2

  His Names.
• * 1.3

  Vesalius.
• * 1.4

  Glandula pitu∣itaria.
• * 1.5

  His substance
• * 1.6

  Vse.
• * 1.7

  Hippocrates.
• * 1.8

  Wonderful Net.
• * 1.9

  Wherof made
• * 1.10

  The vse of it.
• * 1.11

  Bauhine. Vesalius.
• * 1.12

  The way how to demostrate these parts.
• * 1.13

  Net. The vse of the Braine.
• * 1.14

  Diuerse
• * 1.15

  Galen.
• * 1.16

  The Animall spirit.
• * 1.17

  Aristotles Comparisons.
• * 1.18

  The seate of the sensatiue soule.
• * 1.19

  Animall mo∣tion & sense.
• * 1.20

  Natural sense
• * 1.21

  Galen.
• * 1.22

  Fernelius his Philosophy a∣bout this.
• * 1.23

  The motion of the braine.
• * 1.24

  Vesalius a∣gainst Galen.
• * 1.25

  Laurentius.
• * 1.26

  What we re∣solue of.
• * 1.27

  The vse of the motion.
• * 1.28

  How the mo∣tion is discer∣ned.
• * 1.29

  The Animal spirits.
• * 1.30

  A witty con∣ceit of Ar∣changelus.
• * 1.31

  Diuers opini∣ons of the ge¦neration of the Animall spirits.
• * 1.32

  Galens.
• * 1.33

  Vesalius.
• * 1.34

  Columbus.
• * 1.35

  Argenterius.
• * 1.36

  Archangelus.
• * 1.37

  Laurentius.
• * 1.38

  Varolius. What we re∣solue of.
• * 1.39

  Bauhine.
• * 1.40

  Platerus.