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Most of the Townes of Italie withdrawing themselues from his obedience (as Ʋolateranus saith) at the perswasion of Caterine de Siene, a Nunne of the order of Iacobins, & of Baldus his late maister, parting frō France with 12. Gallies, with 3. ranks of Ores returned to Rome, the yeare of the Lord 1376.
He pronounced sentence of Interdict against the Floren∣tines, which were the first authors of the reuolt, and had seized
all the Popes Townes which were about them. Vpon whom finally he made strong and sharpe warre, because they made no account of the thunder of his excommunications: which the Legists said were of no validitie, because they proceeded of ha∣tred and enmitie. Naucler.
Some set downe certaine causes of his returne into Italie. A woman called Brigide (saith Masseus) returning from Ierusalem, writ to Gregorie that the Lord would that the Romane Court should be turned into her house. Cranzius addeth, that as he re∣prehended a Bishop, that he left his Church and followed the Court, he answered him. And thou saith he which art Pope of Rome, and which ought to giue example to others, why goest not thou to thy Bishoppricke? Then transported he his seate to Rome at the perswasion of two women and of a Bishop, the se∣uenth yeare after he was departed.
[ 1372] This Pope demaunded a tenth of all Church goods in Al∣maigne, & to gather it sent his Legate. But many resisted & for∣med appellations against the Pope, saying that they could not pay it. Others that they would not pay it: and so was there a schisme in the Churches of Almaigne. Naucler.
Petrarke dyed about this time. So did Boccace, of the age of 62. yeares, Abb. Trit.
Simon de Cassia was in this time, and S. Bonauenture whom Gregorie 2. made Cardinall and Bishop of Albe. Abb. Trit.
[ 1373] Amurathes was slaine with the blowe of a Dagger, by the seruant of a Christian called Seruianus: For that the said Amu∣rathes had slaine his maister.
* 1.1Peter de Premonstre hath left by writing, that in this Popes time there was a kinde or new Sect of diuellish people, as well men as women, which without any shame daunced hardely. And he said that in the yeare of the Lord 1375. they came frō Aix in Almain into Henaut, and from thence into France. Some said this signified the returne of Pope Gregorie & his Cardinals to Rome. These thought they daunced in a flood of blood, al∣though such as were present with them saw no such thing. The common people iudged that these people were ill baptized by Priests which keep whores and harlots: and therefore they de∣termined
to haue risen vp against the Cleargy to slay them and pill their goods,* 1.2 but that God remedied it by the meanes of cer∣taine coniurations, & that which followeth in the said author.
The yeare of Christ 1375. the English men and Brytons,* 1.3 with other people to the number of fortie thousand and more, fell vpon the Countries of Alsarce and Sangania, and tooke Ci∣ties and Castles and raced them to the ground, violated virgins and wiues, burned Churches and Monasteries, and after many other tyrannies they attempted also vpon the Bernois: but a great multitude of them and their Duke were slaine and dis∣comfited by the said Bernois at Frowenbrun, the rest were assai∣led by other Swisses, and were ouerthrowne, and so they all pe∣rished miserably. Fascic. temp.
The Emperour Charles sought to stretch out the limits of his kingdome of Boheme, partly by siluer, and partly by warres and other meanes: which was cause that he gaue to Iohn Henry his brother, the Countrey of Morauia,* 1.4 to the end he might re∣nounce the right he had in the kingdome of Boheme. Long time after he also caused the Princes Electors to elect Wencelaus his sonne King of the Romanes. Finally, after many requests hee obtained that he demaunded, the yeare of grace 1376. and gai∣ned the Princes which elected Wencelaus King of Romanes,* 1.5 being but 15. yeares of age. After his coronation he espoused Ihehanne or Iane daughter of Albert, Counte of Holland, and Duke of Bauiere. But the yeare following Charles dyed, which was the yeare of grace 1378. and of his Empire 33. Hee was an Emperour worthie of praise, sauing that he regarded more his kingdome of Boheme, then the publike weale of his Em∣pire. For knowing his Sonne should succeede him in the Empire, hee corrupted the Electors by great and faire pro∣mises, the which being not able to accomplish, hee gaged vnto them the publike taxes and tributes, and brought the Romane Empire into that calamitie wherein it is at this day. For the Electors retaine that vnto themselues which should be the Emperours.
A great number of the poore of Lyon were burnt at Paris, in the place de Greue. The Sea of Histories.
The Colledge of Benuais was founded at Paris, the yeare 1372. otherwise called the Colledge des Dormans, because it was founded by three brethren called Dormans, the one was Bishop of Beauuais, the other Archbishop of Angiers, and the other Chauncellour of France.
[ 1378] Wencelaus sonne of Charles fourth of that name, was cho∣sen king of the Romans, beeing but 15. yeares of age, at the pursuite of his Father, and crowned at Aix la Chappelle, with his wife the daughter of Albert Duke of Bauiere, and Counte of Holland. But this Wencelaus was euil made of bodie and spirit, his bodie crooked and of an effeminate courage. He was borne at Nuremberge, and his mother dyed at his byrth. Assoone as hee was made king of Boheme and of the Romanes, incontinently he gaue himselfe to all Idlenes and dissolution, following his pleasures, caring for nothing but to make good cheare. And because he vsed great tyrannie, in the end the Ba∣rons of the kingdom tooke him & kept him in prison the space of 4. moneths,* 1.6 til he was brought forth by his brother the Mar∣quesse called Iohn: but he became no better. His subiects then seeing that all the Country was infected with his orders, tyran∣nies, whoredomes & dissolutions, they complained to his bro∣ther Sigismond king of Hungarie, and he was againe taken and imprisoned in Austriche, but escaping out of prison, he returned into his kingdome, and returned to his first manners. The Elec∣tors of the Empire often admonished him, but hee cared not, therefore he was depriued of his Empire at Bopard.
Baiazet fourth King or Emperour of the Turks, the sonne of Amurathes, after the death of his Father, slewe his brother Soliman traiterously, and so alone enioyed the Empire of the Turkes, the yeare of the world 5335. after Christes Natiuitie, 1373. To reuenge the death of his father, he made war against Marke Lord of Bulgaria,* 1.7 ouercame and slewe him, and so sub∣iected a great part of his Country. A little after he ouerranne Hungarie, Albania and Walachie, and did great hurt, tooke ma∣ny Christians and led them into Thracia prisoners. In his enter∣prises and affaires he was so hotte and so suddaine, that he was called Baiazet Hildrin, that is to say, thunder from heauen. He
brought vnder as it were all Greece, being aided with the goods and graces of nature, both in body and spirit. He besieged Con∣stantinople by the space of eight yeares. Wherevpon the Empe∣rour sailed into France requiring succours, which was graunted him: yet got Baiazet victorie of the French, Hungarians, Al∣maines, Syrians and Misians, in one assembly against him: after hee returned to Constantinople, and there was no other meane to conserue the Empire of Constantinople, but that Tam∣berlan, who was Lord of a certaine Countrie of East Scythia to∣wards Parthia, hauing (as it were) an infinit number of people, put to the sworde in one onely battaile on the Mount Stella (where Pompey fought with Mithridates) 2. hundreth thousand Turkes, and ouercame Baiazet, and bound him with chaines of Gold and put him into a Cage of Iron, and so ledde him through all the Countreys of Asia and Syria: In the which miserable estate the said Baiazet died. He raigned twentie and sixe yeares.
Edward King of England who had so many victories in France, died of the age of 74. yeares, the yeare 52. of his raigne.
Charles the 4. and Wencelaus his sonne, came into France to accord the French and the English: but they returned with∣out doing any thing, because of the death of the Queene, and her daughter Isabel.
The Pope Gregorie after he had done all that belonged to a good Pope, (as Platina saith) being tormented with an intolle∣rable paine of the blather, deceased the yeare of the Lord 1378. Some say that at the houre that he yeelded the spirit, the fire fla∣med in the pallace of Auignon, which could not be put out vntill the greatest part of it was burnt. And after that, followed a schisme in the Popedome, the greatest of all the others. Then saith Masseus, the people and Cleargie of Rome assembled to∣wards the Cardinalls, and prayed them to chuse some Italian, and no French man.
Vrbain sixt of that name, a Nepolitain by Nation,* 1.8 called be∣fore Bartholemewe, Archbishop of Bar, being not yet of the or∣der of Cardinalls, and absent at the great pursuite of the Ro∣manes, was created Pope.
He was (saith Crantzius) a cruell man, of whom by pray∣ers nothing could be obtained. Being come to the Popedome he would not procure that peace might be amongst Christians as his dutie was: but sought to reuenge himself of iniuries done him by Cardinals, and by Iane Queene of Sicilie.
* 1.9Clement Pope, 7. of that name, was also chosen, and ruled in Auignon 15. yeares.
And thus began the 22. Schisme, the cruellest and horri∣blest, which endured long.
This came to passe for that after the death of Gregorie 11. the Cardinals parted themselues into two bandes, the Italian Cardinals by constraint of the Romanes did chuse the said Bar∣tholemewe Archbishop of Bar, and called him Ʋrbane the 6. but because he reprooued and reprehended the Cardinals for their lightnesse, they all departed from him, and went in∣to the Cittie of Tendes, where vpon enuie with the Frenche Cardinals they chose one called Robert, borne at Geneua, Cardi∣nall of the title of the twelue Apostles, and called him Clement the seuenth, who came to dwell in Auignon, because of the schisme.
Nauclere saith that this Clement was borne at Catalongne, and was chosen 3. moneths after the promotion of Vrbain 6. For the French Cardinals, for the heate of the time demaunded ly∣cence of the Pope to goe into Anagnia, and from thence were transported into Pouille, where they elected the said Clement.
When Vrbane sawe himselfe thus left of his Cardinalls, he created thirtie new vpon one day.
* 1.10This schisme endured fortie yeares vntill the Councell of Constance: whervpō came great disorder. The King of France and all his kingdome: Item Spaine and England held the part of Clement the 7. The other Countries, that is to say, Italie, Al∣maigne, Hungarie, &c. followed Vrbane the 6. and on both sides there was great contradiction.
The kingdome of France endured great euils about this schisme. For Clement had good 35. Cardinals maintained & li∣uing chiefly of the said kingdome, and all held the best Prelate∣ships, benefices and dignities.
The kingdome there also was sore greeued, with Imposi∣tions, Annuities, Tenths,* 1.11 expectiue graces and other inuenti∣ons: Insomuch that the poore Clarkes & Students of the Vni∣uersitie of Paris could get no Benefices, but all were occupied for Cardinals and other Courtiers of Auignon, who had euer hi∣red people to enquire of the value of Benefices.
Vrbane was cautelous, seditious, and vncurteous,* 1.12 memoratiue and reuengefull of iniuries, and one that tooke pleasure to sowe dissentions amōgst Christian Princes, rather thē appease them. Neither could he liue in peace with the king of Hungary and of Naples. He would haue depriued Charles king of Sicilie of his kingdom, Insomuch that Charles came against him, and cōstrai∣ned him to flie to Genues by sea, and as he passed on, the Pope caused 5. or 6. Cardinalls to be drowned, because he thought they fauoured Clement the 7. who was at Auignon.
Two other Cardinalls fled towards the said Clement, and were welcommed: but Vrbain excommunicated them, & Cle∣ment absolued them, and the two Popes one excommunicated an other, and their adherents. Naucler.
Vrbain absolued the Florentines of an excommunication to acquire their grace and fauour.
To shewe himselfe deuout, he instituted the Feast of the visitation of the Virgin Mary in the Mountaines.
He went to Naples to put Ladislaus sonne of Charles king of Naples, and Iane his sister from their heritage: but it was in vaine. Therefore he returned to Rome, wherein he was poy∣soned and died.
The said Charles at the sollicitation of Pope Vrbain the 6. came from Hungarie to Naples, where being,* 1.13 he slew the Queen Iane to please the Popes apppetite.
All the Archbishops, Bishops, Abbots, and Priests, which adheared vnto the said Iane, were depriued of their Benefi∣ces by the Pope, and in their places other were instituted. See Naucler.
So Charles remained king of Naples fiue yeares, after∣ward he returned into Hungarie, but by the subtiltie of the Queene he was poysoned, and died the yeare, 1385. So wickedly
as hee had caused Queene Iane of Sicilie to be slaine: So the Queene of Hungarie slew him.* 1.14 But the cause why Vrbane sent for Charles to Naples was in despight of Queene Iane, who had receiued his Cardinalls into her kingdome, wherfore he depri∣ued her thereof, and was crowned King of Sicilie by the Pope, the yeare 1381. vnder conditiō that he should leaue to his Ne∣phew certaine Duches & Counts in Sicilia. But because the said Charles was poore, the Pope sold the Churches goods, yea and the goods of certaine Monasteries, euen amounting to 8000. Florence: he aliened also and sold certaine ornaments of Gold and Siluer, Crosses and Images, with which helpe he obtained the kingdome of Naples as is said.
* 1.15Charles the sixt, sonne of Charles the fift, was sacred King of France very yong. He would beare but three Fower deluces in the French Armes. His Father left him 1800000. Scutes. (Gaguin saieth 18. Millions) and yet at the beginning of his raigne he had no mony: For it was dissipated and dispearsed by diuers Tutors and Gouernours.
[ 1382] The aforesaid Clement 7. crowned Lewis King of Naples, who by armes occupied the Prouince, going into Italie against the said Charles and Vrbane, hauing in his Campe 30. thousand fighters: but hee dyed two yeares after hee was in Italie. The Fountaines and waters were impoysoned, wherof he dyed and all his Nobilitie. Naucler.
The said Iane Queene of Sicilie & Countesse of Prouence, the wife of Charles Duke of Calabria, sonne of Robert King of Sicilie and Nauarre, and the sister of the King of France Philip, had made the said Lewis, Duke of Aniou, her heire. (For she had now raigned 30. yeares without hauing any line. The Sea of Histories.
Lewis Archbishop of Magdebourge, as hee daunced in the Towne of Caluin with Ladies and Damozels vntill night, sell vpon the ground and brake his necke, and beat out his braines, with one of the Ladies which he led. The same hist.
The yeare 1381. Hugo Aubriot, born at Bourgongne, who before had bene great Gouernour de Finances of France, by the meanes of the Duke of Bourgongne was made Prouost of Paris,
and during his gouernment, the policie of Paris was well admi∣nistred. Many buildings were made, as the bridge of S. Michael, the walles towards the Bastile, S. Antonie, and the length of the Riuer of Seine: the litle Bridge, the litle Castle, and many other places. Hee was accused of many crimes, and aboue all, for that hee derided Churchmen, and principally them of the Vniuersitie of Paris; which conceiued great enmitie against him: but especially because hee caused to bee builded the Towre of the litle Castle vpon the litle Bridge to represse the Insolencies of Schollers, and to stay their night courses. Wherefore at their pursuite many secret Inquestes were made against him, and hee was charged to haue had the company of Iewish women.* 1.16 That hee beleeued not in the Sacrament of the Aultar, but mocked at it, and would neuer bee confes∣sed. Beeing charged with these informations, hee was impriso∣ned in the Chastelet, and from thence yeelded to the Bishop of Paris his prison, and was declared an heretike worthy to bee burned. At the Princes request the sentence was moderated, and he was publikely placed on a Scaffold in our Ladies Court at Paris, as an heretike and contemner of Sacraments, and as such an one, condemned to perpetuall prison with bread and water.
Hee was afterward deliuered from the saide prison of Paris by a popularie tumult, which would haue made him theyr Captaine, but hee withdrewe himselfe to Dijon where he was borne.
The ninth of Iuly, Ludolphe or Lupolde Duke of Au∣striche, with a great company of people of warre deceiued by the counsell of the Nobles,* 1.17 fell vppon the Swissers nigh Sem∣pac, which were in number of a thousand sixe hundreth, which draue away all that multitude, and slewe the Duke of Austrich with eighteene other Princes. Two yeares after the Gentle∣men which escaped, returned with sixe thousand combatants: but two hundreth men of Glaronne put them to flight, and o∣uercame 2400. Fasc.
About the yeare 1387 fell there a schisme betwixt the Vniuersitie of Paris, and the Friar Iacobins. One Doctor of the
Friars Preachers called Iohn de Montelon,* 1.18 preached and main∣tained publikely that the Virgin Marie was borne in originall sinne.
Such questions come of pride and ambition, they are not such as the Lord requireth.
* 1.19At Rouen an other Doctor of the same order preached pub∣likely, that if he prooued not that the Virgin Marie was con∣ceiued in originall sinne, let them call him Huet, that is Owle. Herevpon in despite and derision of them, when men sawe any of the said order, they called them Huets. The Sea of Hist.
Charles 6. king of France, visited the Pope Clement 6. in Auignon.
* 1.20Clement died the yeare of our Lord Iesus 1392. and was buried in Auignon, as they say. These two Popes sent terrible Bulles into diuers parts of the world, and sowed diffamitorie bookes, wherein they named one an other Antichrists, Schis∣matikes, heretikes, tyrants, traitors, theeues, vniust, sowers of tares, and children of Belial. Iohn de Ligni Doctor of both lawes, published a Treatise in fauour of Ʋrbaine: and the Abbot of S. Vast the kings Councellor of France, an other in fauour of Clement.
The seate of Rome could neuer be better approoued of An∣tichrist, then by the acts of these Popes, and the witnesse of their partakers and complices.
* 1.21Boniface Pope, ninth of that name, ruled at Rome 15. yeares; [ 1389] hee was a Neapolitain, & elected of the age of 30. yeares, before called Peter Thomocel. He was the likeliest amongst the Car∣dinalls which Vrbain had created.
He confirmed the feast of the visitation of the Virgin Ma∣rie, instituted by Vrbain his predecessor.
Hee fortified the Castle of S. Angelo against the Romane people.
He made a lawe whereby he obtained the seignorie of all the world: that is to say; That it should not be lawfull for any person to enioy any Benefice wherevnto he should be promo∣ted, before he had paid to the Fiske or Apostolike chamber all the reuenewe of the first yeare.
He abolished Tribuns, which was a noble Magistracie in the Towne of Rome: and constrained the Romanes by a cruel Edict to call a stranger to be Senator, namely, one Maleteste of Piscane.
Boniface canonized S. Brigide, as is aboue said, in the life of Ʋrbain the 5.
He made great merchandise of Indulgences, and sold them for money.
The yeare of Christ, 1394 Clement the seuenth dyed in Auignon.
Benet Pope, 13. of that name,* 1.22 otherwise called Peter de la Lune, borne at Catalongne, father to the king of Arragon, gouer∣ned [ 1394] in Auignon 21. yeares, and after went into Arragon, in the time of the Councell of Constance.
Before he was Pope being a Cardinall, he made a voyage to Paris to cause the schisme to cease. And then in the Vniuer∣sitie of Paris, were M. Peter d' Aliaco, Cardinall,* 1.23 Doctor in Theologie: and M. Iohn Gerson, who after the said Aliaco, was Chancellor of Paris.
The yeare 1395. the Christian Princes, Sigismond king of [ 1395] Hungarie and Boheme, brother of the Emperor Wencelaus, Phil∣lip d' Artois, Iohn Count de Neuers, and many other Christian Princes, were discomfited nigh Nicopolis, going against Baiazet the Turke, to giue succours to the Emperour of Constantinople: the pride and dissolution of the French was cause thereof.
A new Sect of dauncers.
Wencelaus.
The English fall vpon the the Swisses.
The Country of Morauia.
Wencelaus.
The Empe∣rour impri∣soned.
Marke Lorde of Bulgaria.
Vrbain. 6.
Clement. 7. This is not numbred in the Catalogue of the Popes.
A schisme of fortie yeares.
Inuentions to drawe siluer.
Ʋrbane.
Acts worthy of the Papall seate.
Note the tro∣bles yt come of the Pope.
The three Flower delu∣ces of France.
Aubriot.
The Swissers prosper.
The disputati∣on of the con∣ception of the Virgin Ma∣rie.
The name of Huet.
Antichrist makes warre vpon himselfe.
Boniface. 9.
Benet. 13.
De Aliace. Gerson.