The estate of the Church with the discourse of times, from the apostles vntill this present: also of the liues of all the emperours, popes of Rome, and Turkes: as also of the Kings of Fraunce, England, Scotland, Spaine, Portugall, Denmarke, &c. With all the memorable accidents of their times. Translated out of French into English by Simon Patrike, Gentleman.

Schisme in the Empire.

There was a diuision amongst the Electors: some did chuse Lois the fourth of that name, Duke of Bauiere: others, Frederic Duke of Austrich, and the one had warre against the other eight yeares. In the end Lewis obtained alone the Em∣pire, and raigned 24 yeares, after the Chron. of Euseb. which make 32. yeares, The Sea of Hist.

Loys Hutin, sonne of Phillip le bel, succeeded in the King∣dome: and is the 46. He had before succeeded Iean his mo∣ther in the kingdome of Nauarre.

Enguerrand de Marigni, Count de Longueuille, great Gene∣rall of the Kings reuenewes, being accused to haue robbed the King, was hanged: and his Image throwne downe the Pallace stayres.

This king raigned almost two yeares, and died in the wood of Vincennes, and was buried at S. Denis.

* 1.1Iohn Pope, 23. of that name, French by Nation, sonne of [ 1315. Or 16.] Arnold d'Ossa, before called Iames de Cahors, Cardinall, Bishop du Port, after the space of two yeares (during which time as hath bene touched, the seate was emptie for the difference happe∣ning amongst the 23. Cardinalls) was declared Pope at Lions: departing therfore frō thence with his Court, and comming to Auignon, he created 8. Cardinals, of the number of which, were Cahors the younger, his Nephew and sisters sonne, and Iohn de Gayete, of the house of Ʋrsins.

He deliuered into the hands of the Iudge, Hugh Gerard Bi∣shop of Cahors, after hauing taken from him his Pontificall ornaments, hee was disgraced and giuen to the tormentors, who put him to death most cruelly. Iohn le Maire.

[ 1316] Phillip le Long, 47. King of France and of Nauarre, bro∣ther of Lewis Hutin the former King, succeeded in the King∣dome, the yeare 1316. This was by meanes of the lawe Salike. He was called Long, because he was tall & slender. During his raigne, he could neuer get either of the Church or of the peo∣ple, tributes, Impostes, or borrowe that which he damaunded.

Some say, that during his raigne the Leapers poysoned the water pits, at the suggestion and perswasion of the Iewes,* 1.2 whereof followed a great pestilence: but the Iewes and Lea∣pers were greatly punished.

The King determined to make that in all his kingdome there should be but one maner of waight, measure, and money: but he could not bring to effect that which was his will, for he died soone after.

He raigned fiue yeares without hauing any warre, and was buried at S. Denis. See Emil. lib. 8. and Gogin. lib. 7.

This Pope Iohn caused to be published the constitutions of the Councell of Vienne, called Clementius, and sent them into the Vniuersitie of Boulogne, vnder a faire leaded Bull, comman∣ding they should bee vsed in all Schooles, Vniuersities, and iudgements, from thence forward. The Sea of Hist.

Birger king of Denmarke hauing inuited his two brethe∣ren to dinner with him, tooke them, and with Irons laid them in prison, where they died. The same.

A Prouost of Paris called Henry Carpenel,* 1.3 for a false iudge∣ment that he had giuen, was hanged on a gibet.

This Pope Iohn condemned the constitution of Pope Ni∣cholas, which was of the order of the Friars Minors, and began Exijt qui seminat, and forbad vpon paine of excommunication, that none should glosse or dispute vpon it.

See the Decree 6. in the title 12. de verborum signifi.

Charles le Bel, brother of Phillip le Long, and sonne of Phil∣le Bel king of France and Nauarre, 48. raigned 7. yeares.

Iohn 23. made a Constitution which beginneth, Ad condi∣torem Canonum, against the Friars Minors.

See the Extrauagants of this Iohn, 23. in the title. 4. de verborum signifi

This Pope Iohn canonized S. Thomas Bishop of Erford, and S. Thomas d' Acquine. Chron. Euseb.

Loys Duke of Bauiere, and Frederic Duke of Austrich, with [ 1322] his brother, gaue battaile the one against the other; where were slain as wel on the one part as of the other; foure thousand horse men. Lewis obtained the victorie, & Frederic was prisoner with

his brother Henry. Naucler. Leopold his other brother came late to the succours.* 1.4 See the Chron. of the Emperorus.

This Pope receiued into the safegard and protection of S. Peter the Carmes, exempting them from all subiection of or∣dinary Iudges to the end they might be subiect onely to S. Pe∣ter as his well beloued children, and mooued many of them to Episcopall dignitie. As Guy de Parpinan, Iohn Claran. both of Catalogue, and some other Nations.

* 1.5For before he was Pope he had a maruellous vision, or ra∣ther diuellish illusion, as he witnesseth in his Bull: namely, that as the Cardinalls were in a great debate, the Virgin Marie de∣liuered them and made him Pope, yet vpon this condition, that he should exempt from the paines of purgatorie his good bre∣theren.

* 1.6This Iohn here taught certaine errors, and amongst others, that soules so soone as they were dispoiled of the body, should not see God before the last iudgement. For as Masseus witnes∣seth, his father had so taught him, being seduced and abused by the visions of a certaine Irish man, called Tundalus.

He sent to Paris two Monkes, the one a Iacobin, and the other a Friar, who preached the same heresie: but Thomas Wal∣leis a Iacobin, an English man, resisted the Pope; but he thrust him into prison. Thus also did Durand de S. Porcin, William Ca∣leth, and others.

* 1.7He corrected at his pleasure the orders of Churches, and changed them, and distributed into a certain number the Col∣ledges of the Scribes: which for certaine prices writ such Let∣ters as by him would be dispatched. He made many constituti∣ons which were called Ioanninies, & condemned Iohn de Pouilly a Theologian, because he taught that men must not cōfesse thē∣selues to begging Friars: yet he constrained the Monkesses or Nuns called Beguines, to marry, and to detest painting. He held also for certain articles of the faith, that Iesus Christ gaue not to his Apostles any other rule to liue wel, but that he gaue to other Christians. That the Apostles neuer vowed the vow of pouer∣tie, and that vowes serue for nothing to perfection.

This Pope writ to the Grecians at large, that there was

but one Church alone, whereof he was chiefe, and the Vicar of Iesus Christ. The Grecians answered him in fewe words.* 1.8 We beleeue surely that thy power is very great ouer thy sub∣iects. We cannot endure thy extreame pride, nor satisfie thy couetousnesse. The diuell be with thee, for God is with vs. By which breuitie of words, they shewed what was the Popes ma∣ner of life and estate. Iohn de Mandeuile rehearseth it in his 6. booke.

This Pope declared Lewis de Bauiere to the Church a rebell, schismatike, and heretike: because that after he was chosen by the Princes, he tooke the gouernment of the Empire without any oath to the Pope of subiection. Hiero. Marius saith thus. Iohn pursued with a sharpe hatred Lewis de Bauiere: partly be∣cause being chosen king of the Romanes by the Princes, hee disdained the name and title of Emperour at the Popes hands, as Clement the 5. had ordained it: partly also because he main∣tained and defended against him certaine Monkes, which hee had condemned as heretikes, and therefore Iohn held the said Lewis for an heretike.

Lewis comming into Italie,* 1.9 placed in all the Imperiall Townes Vicegerents, (as reason required) and after came to Millaine, and because he desired to appease the Popes rage, hee sent Embassadors vnto him euen to Auignon, where he resided; who demaunded that according to the custome of his prede∣cessors he would graunt him kindely and with a good and free will the ornaments of the Empire.

The Pope not onely refused to doo it,* 1.10 but pushed backe his Embassadors with great shame and ignominie, & cyted the said Emperour peremptorily (as they speake) that he should come vnto Auignon and submit himselfe to the ordinances of the Church.

The Emperour knowing the tirannie that raigned in the Church, knowing also that he had receiued of God the Impe∣riall maiestie, sought on his side nothing wherein he might vio∣late it. And therefore to Popes hee would not subiect him∣selfe, as if he were their seruant; by meanes whereof he refused to come into Auignon: yet because still hee greatly desired

to nourish peace, he sent againe messengers to make the same request.

The Pope persisted in his opinion, and in token of the ha∣tred he bore to the Emperour, he excommunicated the Vi∣countes, vnto whome then the Emperour had giuen the go∣uernment of the seignorie of Millane.

The Emperour seeing the Popes heart obdurate, calling to him many Princes and Lords of Italie, came to Rome, where he was honorably receiued of all the people, and required that according to custome some would deliuer him the ornaments of the Empire.

* 1.11The greatest Lords of Rome, together with all the people, sent Embassadors into Fraunce to the Pope, beseeching him that he would visit the Towne, and graunt to the King of Ro∣manes the Imperiall ornaments, which if he refused to do, they protested to obserue the auncient lawe, and to vse the rights of the Romane people.

Iohn after he had heard the Embassadors, draue them back from him shamelesly with rude words and threats, which the Romane people seeing, determined to graunt to Lewis that which he demaunded; and so by the commaundement of all the Cleargie and people, he was crowned with his wife, by Ste∣phen and Nicholas Senators, in the presence of all the Nobles, which cryed Lewis Augustus, Emperour of the Romanes.

But what did Lewis hitherto, wich was not the part of a good Emperour? yet Iohn vnderstanding this, accused him as one guiltie of diuine treason and an heretike, and published a∣gainst him certaine very rigorous proces, and deiected him out of the dignitie of the Empire, and put him out of his kingdome as an heretike & rebel against the Romane Church, thundring out against him a very cruell pronunciation.

* 1.12In this time were certaine Theologians and Lawyers which said that Christ and the Apostles had nothing proper, and that the Emperour was no way subiect to the Pope in that which concerneth the temporaltie. Of this number were Michael Oe∣cenus and William; Ockam Friars; Marcille of Padoue, and Iohn de Landum, Lawyers, with certaine others. The Emperour

Lewis was so fortified by this,* 1.13 that he hardly opposed himselfe against all the Popes enterprises, publishing in all parts of the Empire an appellation, such as followeth.

We Lewis King of the Romaines,* 1.14 propose against Iohn which saith he is Pope, that he dooth ill execute the testament of Iesus Christ touching peace, which he disturbeth in all Chri∣stendome, and remembers not that all the honor he now hath, was graunted by S. Constantine to Siluester when hee was yet hid. He is vnthankfull towards the Romane Empire,* 1.15 whereof he hath receiued all that great magnificence, which he now a∣buseth, &c.

As then Lewis & the greatest Lords of Rome knew well the vniust deeds of Iohn, as also the people, frō the least to the grea∣test, who tooke in ill part that their Embassadors which they sent was so ill handled, and all with one accord agreed to bring into the Church the auncient custome obserued in electing the Pope: namely, that being chosen by the people hee should be confirmed of the Emperour. And therefore one called Peter Carbaria or Corberia a Friar, was created Pope,* 1.16 and named Ni∣cholas the fift, and as for Iohn he was declared an hereticke and a tyrant of the Church, and not a Pastor but a perturber of the peace of Christians. All which things the Emperour and the Princes Assistant at the Councell held at Rome, submitted to the iudgement of the Catholicke Church. This saith Ma∣rius.

This done the Emperour returned into Almaigne, and the [ 1326] Pope Nicholas remained in Italie: but finally Boniface Counte of Pise deliuered him into Pope Iohns hands, and hee dyed be∣ing straightly detained and in great miserie. See the Suppl. Chron.

Iohn de Lisle (some Iordain) a renowmed man in Fraunce, was hanged at Montfaucon at Paris, for pilleries & rauishments. Emilius denieth that hee was Father in lawe vnto Iohn Pope as some say.

King Charles le Bel was the first that permitted the Pope to leuie Tenths in France,* 1.17 and he did it to haue part with him. But the Pope did it to warre vppon the Emperour Lewis,

whom he had declared an enemie of the Church. Chron. Reg. Fran.

* 1.18The Venetians by their Captaine and Duke called Fran∣ciscus Dandalus, tooke from the Patriarke of Aquilia their neighbour, two Cities, that is, Polle and Ʋalentia, which are in Gorice.

* 1.19Benet Pope, 12. of that name, ruled in Auignon 7. yeares, three moneths, after Naucler. Iames de Furnerio borne at Tho∣louse, of poore parents, a Monke of the order of Cisteaux, Priest, Cardinall, and Doctor in Theologie.

This Pope saith Marius, was no more modest or louing to the Emperour Lewis, then Iohn his predecessor had beene. For he renewed the excommunications, and dispoyled him of all royall honor, and of the Duchie of Baniere by his sentence.

This good Prince Lewis assembled at Francford all the E∣lectors, Dukes, Bishops, Counts, and all such as were thought cunning, as well in humane sciences as diuine, and in the pre∣sence of all, by publike and solemne proclamation, hee gaue new authoritie to the auncient Lawes,* 1.20 and confirmed them: and freely shewed that it onely appertained to the Electors of the Empire, and not vnto others, to chuse the King of the Ro∣manes. So that he which hath the greatest number of Princes voyces, he is truly reputed chosen, be hee King or Emperour. (For in substance they be one same thing, although their names be diuers) which Emperour may exercise and administer the affaires of the Empire without any confirmation of the Ro∣mane seate. Who also ought to be sacred by the Pope, after it shall bee signified by the Princes that hee is Legitimately chosen.

But if the Pope refuse, hee may he proclaimed Emperour Augustus by any Catholicke Bishop whatsoeuer,* 1.21 as hath bene long time vsed; seeing especially all such vnctions are onely certaine ceremonies inuented by Popes, which giue onely the name and not the thing, in token of the vnion which ought to be betwixt the Church and the Romane Empire. For the Em∣perour makes not an oath of fidelitie to Popes, but for the de∣fence of the faith. And seeing it is so, how can such an oath

giue him any superioritie in things which concerne the Tem∣poraltie.

Moreouer, the Emperor also shewed that it is a false thing to say, that whilest the Empire is vacant the right of the Em∣perour is deuolued vnto the Pope, and that this is against the libertie of the holy Empire, against the dignitie, rights,* 1.22 and ma∣iestie thereof: but that by a custome approoued and vsed of long time, and obserued by his auncestors, without that euer was done to the contrarie, during the vacation of the Empire; it appertaineth vnto the Count Palatin of Rhene, to haue the managing of the affaires of the Empire, to conferre Feastes and Imposts, and ordering of other businesses.

After all this to excuse himselfe,* 1.23 he yeelded in the presence of all, clearely and holily a reason of his faith▪ and confessed openly he was a Christian, beleeuing wholy the Articles of the Faith, as they were taught by the Catholique Church: and pur∣ged himselfe very well of all things that were obiected against him by Iohn the 23. and Benet. 12.

Who would not admire the pietie of Lewis thus vexed and tormented by Popes? what would this haue come vnto if he had tried it by Armes against them?

The integritie of this Lewis,* 1.24 finally was acknowledged by Pope Benet. And the peace was soone after made betweene the Emperour and the Pope. Who straight bore the Emperor such an amitie, that he defended and maintained him hardily in his innocencie against the Embassadors of the king of France, which vsed alwaies rude & defamitorie words against the said Emperour: in so much that the Pope was called by the said Embassadors, the Protector of an heretike.

And although Benet for a certaine time was not without great feare, because of their words,* 1.25 (for they threatned him with great warres if hee absolued the Emperour) yet hee com∣maunded by a publike decree (which was proclaimed through all Almaine) that all processes which had bene attempted by Iohn against the Emperor should be nothing and of no valew: and that it appertained not to Iohn to attempt such things a∣gainst him, seeing the Emperors and the Popes iurisdiction are distinct and seperate.

Hee further declared openly that Lewis in all things had borne himselfe like a good & valiant Emperour. Yet you must vnderstand that the Pope did nothing herein, freely & of good courage: but cautelously to acquire the fauour of Lewis. For because he sawe the king of France (in the kingdome & seigno∣ry of whom hee remained) had taken some ill conceit against him, hee feared that if also hee had the Emperour his enemie, there were no person where he might haue succours, if the king of France practised any mischiefe against him.* 1.26 Therefore Benet iudged that it should be for his profit if he got the beneuolence of the Emperour: hoping by that meanes that the other durst attempt nothing against him.

These be the practises and meanes wherewith Popes haue nourished and do yet nourish their tyrannie in the Church of the Lord.

Benet being menaced by the king of France chaunged his opiniō, and left the sentences giuen by his predecessors against Lewis. He placed Vicars in the Imperiall Townes of Italie, and drew vnto the Romane seate the charge and office of a Sena∣tor,* 1.27 withdrawing it frō the Emperour. He inuented all that was needful for the Apostolike penetētiary, declaring in order the taxes of Letters, and so assembled great riches frō all nations.

* 1.28This Pope first vsurped collations of all Prelatures, Bishop∣prikes, & other benefices, as wel for himselfe as for his succes∣sours: and depriued such as were vnlearned and ignorant from their benefices: And ordained that all his Chaplaines should sing by note their Canonicall houres. That thay should lie in one Dortoire,* 1.29 and that they should haue no other reuenewes, but that was necessary for their life and apparell.

He builded in Auignon a very faire house, with Towers and goodly Orchards: And this olde Adulterer bought deare the sister of Francis Petrarke which was very faire, of her brother called Gerard, to abuse her.

He ordeined 6. Cardinals being absent frō Rome, & repaired with great charge & cost the roofe of S. Peters church, & publi∣shed certaine acts against the Iacobins,* 1.30 as Leander witnesseth.

Ockam & Dantes held for heretikes, bicause they maintained

by liuely reasons out of the scriptures that the Romane Empire depended not vpon the Pope, but of God onely. Naucler.

Such as speake against the Pope are heretikes.

Benet made many Extrauagants and Benedictines for the Monkes of the order of S. Benet, wherein is made mention in the sixt and seuenth Chapter, how Abbots ought to send their young Monkes, such as are fittest to their studie vnto the Vni∣uersities, and offer them pentions to do it.

He made a Decretall which beginneth Benedictus Deus in donis suis: to the ende benefices should not be giuen to such as were vnworthy of them. Wherein is confuted and condemned as hereticall, the doctrine which his predecessor Iohn had pub∣likely preached touching the happie soules: and it was deter∣mined & declared y^t the soules which had nothing to purge, in∣cōtinent as they are departed frō the body do see y^e face of God.

He was said to haue bene so rigorous that hee would scant know such as were of his blood: and said that the Pope had no parents. Fascic. temp.

The yeare of Christ 1339. the Castle of Loppen was be∣sieged by certaine Gentlemen, with 30000. footemen, and fif∣teene thousand horsemen: but they were valiantly driuen back and chased away by the Swisses, which with the number of two or three thousand slew 4000. of the said combatants & three [ 1339] Counts. Fasc. temp. and others.

The Sarrasins in Spaine were discomfited, where there were [ 1341] 1000. slaine, & as many prisoners. Chro. Euseb. The sea of Histo.

Benet dyed in Auignon, to the great ioy of many, for his great rigor, and therefore some write of him.

Hic situs est Nero, laicis mors, vipera clero: Deuius a vero, cuppa repleta mero, that is, Here lyeth death to Laie-men, a viper to the Cleargie, A straier from the veritie, a cup full of Wine.

He left great summes of gold and siluer, whereof he gaue nothing to his parents and friends, but to the Church.

Francis Petrarke flourished in this time, and Gregorie de Aremino the Augustine and generall of his order.

Orchanes second Emperour of the Turkes, sonne of

Ottoman, who raigned 22. yeares.

* 1.31Clement Pope, sixt of that name, Limosin ruled in Auignon 11. yeares: before called Peter Roger, borne of Limoges. First hee was Prior of S. Babille, which is a Priorie of the order of S. Be∣net, after Abbot of Fescan, after Bishop of Arras, then Archbi∣shop of Roane, and after by Pope Benet 12. was made Cardinal, and finally after his death was made Pope, although hee was the youngest of all the Cardinalls.

H. Marius in his booke Intituled Eusebius Captiue, in this maner describeth the Pope. Clement 6. saith he, a man very de∣sirous of women, of honour and power, being incited with a diabolicall furie, fixed Letters vpō the gates & doores of Tem∣ples, by which he threatned the Emperour vpon grieuous pu∣nishments, that within 3. daies he should renounce the rights of his Empire.

The crueltie of this Emperour was maruellous. This Em∣perour came to Francford, and being readie with all his power to do that which was enioyned him, required by his Embassa∣dors, that he would receiue him into grace.

This Pope answered the Embassadors, that he would neuer pardon Lewis, vnlesse first he confessed all his errors and here∣sies, and dismissed himselfe of the Imperial dignitie, & put into his hands, himselfe, his children, and all his goods, and that he would promise to take nothing of all those things, but by his consent. And he gaue a Formularie vnto the Embassadors, and commaunded them to present it vnto Lewis.

What forme or fashion is there here, I will not say of a Pastor, but of a man onely?

Lewis shewed this Formularie to the Princes, to the Elec∣tors, and to the Embassadors of the Imperiall Townes. The Princes detested some of the Articles, for that they were laid by the Pope to the ruine and destruction of the Empire: and they promised the Emperour succours if hee would defend the rights of the Empire, as hee had done before: yet they prayed Clement by their Embassadors, that he would leaue off such Ar∣ticles inuented to the detriment of the Empire; but the Embas∣sadors returned without doing any thing.

Clement laying the cause of all those things vpon Lewis, sought the ruine of him and his children. Wherfore the Thurs∣day before Easter, he excommunicated him very cruelly, and renewed all the rigorous processes made by Pope Iohn, and de∣clared him an heretike and a schismatike: he also sollicited the Electors to chuse an other Emperour. He depriued the Arch∣bishop of Magunce of his dignitie, and of the priuiledge & au∣thoritie to chuse: because that knowing the Emperors innocen∣cie, he would not violate his maiestie. As for the other Elec∣tors, the new of Magunce, he of Treuers and Colongne being cor∣rupted by force of gifts and presents by the king of Bohemia, declared Emperour Charles the fourth, sonne of Iohn King of Bohemia, who was sonne of Henry seuenth of that name, who was crowned at Bohemia during the Empire of Lewis: but hee was not reputed a lawful Emperour, no not after the death of Lewis, as may be seene.

Who can here rehearse the horrible warres which proceeded of the wickednesse of this Clement against the Empire?

Twentie thousand French men were ouerthrowne by Ed∣ward King of England: who discended into Normandie,* 1.32 and came euen to Paris, destroying all the Countrey. It was called the battaile of Cressy; where there was great effusion of French bloud. Chron. Euseb. Callais was yeelded to the king of Eng∣land, after it had endured extreame famine.

A great famine was in all Italie, accompanied with a pesti∣lence and mortalitie, which was almost vniuersall. It continued till the yeare, 1350. See the Histories of Almaine & France.

Lewis the fourth was poysoned (as is said) hauing drunke [ 1348] of the Cup of Iane Dutchesse of Austrich,* 1.33 which came to see him; and feeling himselfe grieued he would needs goe on hun∣ting, and beeing in the wood, hee fell from his horse, as if hee had bene stricken with a Palsey, whereof he died soone after. At the article and point of death hee cryed: O my God bee merciful vnto me a poore sinner. Munster and others.

After his death, there was yet more trouble then before.* 1.34 The Electors were sollicited to elect Edward king of England▪ but he refused the election as a thing too troublesome. After,

they chose Frederic Count of Misne:* 1.35 but hee loued better to maintaine peace with the Bohemians, then to charge himselfe with the titles of the Empire.

At Francford one part of the Electors chose Gunther of Scwartymbourge: who accepted the Election as being suffici∣ently munited and puissant to hold good against the Emperor Charles, who then remained at Magunce. But Gunther a litle after was poisoned and died at Francford, so Charles raigned a∣lone.

Let all people know hereby the detestable tirannie that Popes haue exercised through all the world, spreading the seedes of seditions and warres.

* 1.36The Empire was brought into great calamitie: for Charles to the end to leaue his sonne successor, did so corrupt the Elec∣tors with store of gifts and promises, that hee gaged vnto them the publike reuenew of the Empire, which they yet detaine at this day: and therefore the Romane Empire could not relieue it selfe. For then did the Electors constraine Charles to sweare that he would neuer reuoke that he had engaged.

The Empire being ouerthrowne, the Turke assailed the Church of Iesus Christ, and ruinated many of them in Eu∣rope, putting all to fire and sword, and laying vpon them that miserable yoake of Mahomet.

But how can Christian Princes driue backe Ottoman and his successors out of the Church of Christ, if they first represse not the Turkish Pope an houshold enemie?

* 1.37This Pope Clement reduced to the fiftieth yeare the Iubile, wherof hath bene spoken, to the end by that meanes to gather more gold: and being absent from Rome, hee made it be cele∣brated [ 1350] the yeare of the Lord, 1350. All the length of the said yeare there were at Rome euery day to the number of fiue thou∣sand Pilgrimes, entring and going out, as easily might be coun∣ted. Thus saith Peter Premonstre.

The bringing in the obseruation of the ceremonie of Iubile, is a renowncing of Iesus Christ, who hath brought vs the agreeable time, and the yeare and day of saluation and perpetuall pardon. 2. Cor. 6.2.

In this time a company of people of diuers Nations were assembled, making a Sect,* 1.38* 1.39 which did beate and whip them∣selues, going from Towne to Towne, from Borough to Bo∣rough, and from Village to Village: There came one time 200. from Souabe, and amongst them was one Prince and two Go∣uernours, whom they obeyed. One day being before the Mo∣nasterie of Spire, in the day about one of the Clock, they made a round and stripped themselues naked, except that they had shirtes like hose, from the thighes to the heeles, and so fell pro∣strate vpon the earth one after an other in forme of a Crosse,* 1.40 and whipped themselues, singing and Inuocating God: they also laid their faces towards the earth, praying for themselues and for all such as did them good, likewise for them that did euill vnto them. They had certaine Priests amongst them, and some Lettered people: there were also Gentlemen and Han∣dicraftsmen, women and children. If any man Inuited them to dinner, they durst not go, nor take any almes without the leaue of their Gouernours. But they whipped themselues twise a day, and each one once in the night secretly. They spake not to any woman. They all carried Crosses both before and be∣hinde, in their apparell, hattes, or Caps. Their whips were tied to their robes, and they remained no more then one night in a Parish.

From the Towne of Spire, there were more then an hun∣dreth which raunged themselues in their company.* 1.41 Yet none was receiued of their band, vnlesse they promised to keepe all the aforesaid things. And if any had not inough each day to spend eight pence: and if he promised not to be confessed, and to haue good contrition, and to forgiue all iniuries his enemies had done vnto him Moreouer, his wife must consent vnto him. Finally the Emperour forced them to leaue off these toyes and bables: and the Pope forbad them vpon paine of excōmunica∣tion from thenceforth not to whip themselues. Yet in repen∣tant maner they might whip themselues secretly.

Imbert Daulphin of Ʋienne, renouncing the glory of the world (as they speake) tooke the habit of a Iacobin in the Couent of Lyons vppon Rhosne: solde the Countrey

of Dolphine to the king of France,* 1.42 vnder conditiō that the kings of France should not aliene it, and that their eldest children should beare the title thereof. And this did he in despight of such as should haue bin his heires, which had done a thing con∣trary to his will. See the French Histories.

Bartholus the Legist or Lawyer was in this time, and Petrus Bercorij, who translated Titus Liutus into French, at the King Iohn his commaundement, and made the Breuiarie vpon the Bible, and the Morall Reportorie.

Phillip de Valois 49. king of France, the Coozin-germain of the three former kings, hauing raigned 22. yeares, died at Noo∣gent le Roy, of the age of 57. yeares.

Iohn his sonne Duke of Normandie, was crowned at Reims, the fiftieth king of France, and raigned 14. yeares.

The brotherhood of the order of the starre, began in the house of S. Oyon nigh Paris, at the instance of King Iohn. The knights of this order carried a starre in theyr hattes or on their coates.

[ 1352] About this time the Iewes were sent out of Almaine, be∣cause they had infected and poysoned the Fountaines and Pits of water. Fasci. Temp.

Clement the sixt died suddenly, being stroken with an Apo∣steme, the yeare 1353.

* 1.43Innocent Pope, sixt of that name succeeded, borne of Limo∣ges, [ 1353] first called Stephen Aubert, hee was an aduocate Doctor in the Lawes and the Decrees: after he was Bishop of Cleremont and Cardinall of Ostia.

After he had taken possession of the Popedome, looking prudently for his profit in time to come,* 1.44 he suspended certaine reseruations made by Clement his predecessor: and straight or∣dained that all Prelates and beneficed men should retire vnto their Churches: not to the end to preach the Gospell, but to magnifie and maintaine all abuses and Papish rights. And that they might gather the fruites thereof to liue in all Idlenesse and dissolution.

He said well that Sheepe ought to be kept by their owne Sheepheard, and not by an hireling.

This Pope would needs gather a tenthe of all the rents and reuenewes of the Cleargie, but the Prelates of France would not consent therevnto, therefore it was not leuied, yet hee did what he could in Almaine, in the Dioces of Spice. See Nau∣clerus.

The dearenes of victualls was extreame in France, for the warres of the Englishmen, the quarter of good wheat was at eighteene pounds at Paris.

He diminished his ordinarie expences (which was great) in reducing his familie to a certaine number, yet not very ho∣nest, as may be seene in Petrarke.

He would haue no person in his house but such as should serue either his profit or affections, and he very straightly by Edict enioyned all his Cardinalls that they should do the like.* 1.45 And said that his life and that of all Ecclesiasticall persons ought to serue for an example to others, so that all Christian people may take heed to follow our examples. Moreouer hee ordained a certaine sallary or stipend for the Auditors of his Pallace, to the end they should steale nothing.

He was sparing in his diet and liuing (say some authors) but in expences of warre very large.

The Vniuersitie of Prage in Bohemia,* 1.46 is instituted and en∣dowed with priuiledges by Innocent, at the request of the Em∣perour Charles the 4. Naucler. [ 1355]

Charles the 4. going to Rome to be crowned,* 1.47 his wife was taken at Pise, and carried with her Damzels into a Stewes to despite the Emperour, but shee escaped from thence in great danger: and then appeared the vertue of the Almaines. Nau∣clerus.

The yeare 1355. Charles the 4. was crowned at Millaine, and after at Rome on Easter day, vpon condition straight to depart out of Italie. Naucler.

What pride was this to commaund the Romane Emperour to retire out of his owne countrey? Franc. Petrarke.

The Iourney of Poitiers was to the great dammage and con∣fusion [ 1356] of all France, and victorie of the English.* 1.48 There were slaine the Duke of Bourbon, and the Constable of Fraunce,

the Marshall and others, to the number of eight hundreth knights. The King of France was a prisoner, Phillip his fourth sonne and others, as well Counts as knights and men of armes, at least 17. hundreth. See the Histories of France.

The yeare of Christ, 1359. was held an Imperiall Iourney at Magunce, whether the Pope Innocent sent his Legate for the subsidies of the Apostolike Chamber: and the said Legate had power to dispence with all Ecclesiasticall persons touching Be∣nefices which they had obtained otherwise then the holy Ca∣nons permitted. In this assembly were the Archbishop of Ma∣gunce, Treuers, and of Colongne, the Dukes of Saxe, Bauiere and others. The Emperor then called the Legate vnto him & said: The Pope hath sent you into Almaine to exact a great summe of siluer, without reforming the Cleargie. After hee said to a Canon of Magunce; deliuer mee your hatte, and gaue him his which was much worse. Then said he to the Princes which were there; Locke not I with this hatte more like a warriour then a man of the Church? Then turned hee againe to the Archbishop of Magunce, and said. Wee commaund that you reforme your Cleargie, and take away the superfluitie in their garments, shooes, hattes, and other things. The Popes Legate hearing this, went away all confounded, and as it were flying, tooke a boate and got him to Cologne. Naucler.

* 1.49This Pope, a true Tyrant of Babilon, commaunded that Iohn de Roquetaillaid should be burnt in Auignon, because he said something against the Cleargie. This man (saith Peter de Premonstre) prophecied many things should come to passe touching Antichrist and the Popes, and therefore was he held suspected of heresie. For he began to prophecie the yeare of our Lord, 1345. in the time of Clement the sixt, and many things were seene come to passe of that he had foretold.

* 1.50This Pope ordained the Feast of Iesus Christs Launce and nailes: to the end those dead Idolls might bee adored by the Christians. Hee Inuironed Auignon with walles and ditches, and without the towne founded the Monasterie of Chartreux.

* 1.51Before this Popes death, there was a great Ecclips of the Sunne, such as was neuer seene the like; to shewe that that

very time was so full of darknesse, that scant was there any re∣mainder of the light of truth in the Church.

There was also seene in his time a a flame after the sunne-setting (as Masseus witnesseth) which endured a long time, and shewed what a great fire should after come. Moreouer there was great numbers of Grashoppers, which after they had de∣stroyed the corne, euen all trees were burned.

As the said Pope was preparing an Armie by sea against the Turkes,* 1.52 because the Romanes were in troubles and sediti∣ons, he was so vexed in his minde, that he died with griefe, the yeare 1362. and was buried in the said Monasterie of Char∣treux [ 1362. Or 63.] without the Towne of Auignon.

Vrbain fift of Limosin,* 1.53 called before Grinnald Grisant the sonne of an English Phisitian called William, Monke of S. Be∣net, first Abbot of Auxerre, and after of S. Victor, nigh to Mar∣seillis, being absent in a certaine Embassage, was created Pope.

He was a great Doctor of the Canon Lawe, and an excee∣ding arrogant Maister. He straight applied himselfe to defend the libertie of the Papall Church by couetousnesse, dissoluti∣ons and pompes, and chiefly serued himselfe therein with such as affectioned him most in such affaires. But aboue all, he sent one called Gilles a Spaniard, Cardinall of S. Sabin as a Legate into Italie with full power: Who as a true Executor of all his bloudie commaundements, rode through all Italie, and so re∣pressed the Vicounts and other gouernours of Townes, brin∣ging vppon them great losses and hurts if they would not submit themselues vnder the obedience of the Romane Church.

Yues a Brittaine Priest,* 1.54 solde his goods and gaue them to the poore, and was Canonized after his death. Sabell.

Armacan (some call him Richard and qualifie him an Arch∣bishop) a learned man, published conclusions against Friars,* 1.55 teaching that it was a villainous thing for a Christian to begge without constraint. Ʋolater.

Baldus a Lawyer of Peruse, was renowned in this time.

* 1.56

* 1.57The Monasticke order of Iesuites began by Iohn Colom∣ban and Francis Ʋincent of Bourgongne. Ʋolat. and Sabell.

They were afterward by the Popes priuiledge, called the A∣postolike Clarkes.

Brigide Princesse of Sauabe, had foure sonnes and foure daughters: a litle before Pope Vrbain died, she went to Rome to erect the order which after she instituted. Valat. lib. 21.

She then to accomplish her vow, procured that the order of Monkes (named with her name) as well men as women might be confirmed.

* 1.58The Emperour Charles merited great praise by the Bull of gold, wherein he gathered many things very necessarie to maintaine publike peace.

Iohn king of France went into England for the deliuerance of his brother Duke of Orleance, and of his sonne Iohn Duke of Berry, and of many others which he left in hostage; and being there, died in London, & after was carried to S. Denis in France. See Emili. lib. 8. & 9.

[ 1366] Charles fift of that name, 51. king of France, was surnamed le Sage. Hee caused many Latin bookes to be translated into French, yea bookes of holy scripture.

Amurathes the third Emperour of the Turkes, raigned 23. yeares, and was the first that entred into Europe: For hee aided the Emperour of Constantinople, and sent him 12. thousand men, which passed into Greece. This was after, cause of the taking of the Couuntrey of Asia, the yeare of Christ, 1363.

Wickliffe beganne as a breake of day, the preaching of the Gospell.

Iohn Wickliffe an English man, a man of great spirit, flouri∣shed in this time, and began as from a deepe night to draw out the truth of the doctrine of the sonne of God. He studied in the Vniuersitie of Oxford, and came to such degree of eruditi∣on, that hee was thought the most excellenrest amongst the Theologians. In his readings with the puritie of the doctrine which hee taught, hee also liuely touched the abuses of the Popedome: In so much that the Locusts, that is to say the beg∣ging Monkes, lifted themselues vp against him. But the Lord gaue him for a Protector, the King Edward, during whose raigne, he had great libertie in his profession.

Richard the said Edwards successour, persecuted and banished him: but as a true Champion of the Lord he remained alwaies constant euen to his death. His conclusions, his bookes and his doctrine, shew sufficiently the gifts and graces which God had bestowed vpon him. Whosoeuer will more largely know those things, let him looke in the booke of Martyrs brought by vs in∣to light since the said Wickliffe.

Vrbane went to Rome to pacifie Italie, where hee builded [ 1367] many things at Viterbe, and at Montlacon, minding to returne into Italie. And as he returned into France in hope to bring a∣gaine the Court to Rome, he deceased at Marcellis, not without great suspition of poysoning. Sabel.

An Vniuersitie founded at Vienna in Austriche, by Albert Duke of Austriche.

Planudes a Greeke Monke liued in this time: hee transla∣ted Cato and other bookes out of Greeke into Latin.

Charles King of France often held his seate of Iustice, and was altogether a man of peace, neither was euer Armed. Only walking nigh Paris, he made his warres and other his affaires of importance by his brothers and other Committees, by whom he recouered as it were all that which the English men had ta∣ken from his Father. To helpe the charges of the warre,* 1.59 he laid a Taxe vpon Salt & Wine that men sold. He had fiue Armies at once against the English men.

Gregorie Pope, 11. of that name, of Limosin,* 1.60 ruled in Auig∣non 7. yeares & 5. moneths, before he was called Rogier, sonne [ 1371] of the Earle of Benfort, and Nephew of Pope Clement the sixt: hee was the Disciple of Baldus the Legist, who then read at Peruse.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Iohn. 23.
• * 1.2

  Poysoning of pits.
• * 1.3

  The Prouost of Paris.
• * 1.4

  Lewis
• * 1.5

  A diuellish illusion.
• * 1.6

  An heresie held by the Pope.
• * 1.7

  Colledges of Scribes.
• * 1.8

  An answere of the Greeks to the Pope.
• * 1.9

  Vicegerents of the Empire
• * 1.10

  The Emperor demandeth the Imperiall ornaments.
• * 1.11

  The Romains beseech the Pope for the Emperour.
• * 1.12

  Theologians and Lawiers of this time.
• * 1.13

  Lewis forti∣fied.
• * 1.14

  The Empe∣rours appel∣lation against the Pope.
• * 1.15

  Donation of Constantine.
• * 1.16

  Nicholas 5.
• * 1.17

  Tenthes leuied in Fraunce.
• * 1.18

  Ambition of the Venetians
• * 1.19

  Benet. 12.
• * 1.20

  King of Ro∣manes, and Emperor. Names diuers, but of the same sub∣stance.
• * 1.21

  Vnctions are ceremonies inuented by the Pope.
• * 1.22

  The admini∣stration of the Empire being vacant, belon∣geth to the Count Palatin.
• * 1.23

  The Emperor yeeldeth a confession of his faith.
• * 1.24

  Benet ouer∣come with the integritie of the Emperor.
• * 1.25

  The Emperor Lewis absol∣ued.
• * 1.26

  The Pope doth all for his profit.
• * 1.27

  The Peneten∣tiers.
• * 1.28

  Collations of benefices.
• * 1.29

  Canonicall houres sung by note.

  The sister of Francis Petrarke, bought by Benet.
• * 1.30

  Ockam. Dantes.
• * 1.31

  Clement. 6.
• * 1.32

  The Iourney of Cressy.
• * 1.33

  See the Chro. of the Empe∣rours in the 2. Tome.
• * 1.34

  Edward chosen Em∣perour. Frederic.
• * 1.35

  Charles. 4.
• * 1.36

  The publike reuenewe of the Empire engaged.
• * 1.37

  The Iubile remitted to 50. yeares.
• * 1.38

  Lewis.
• * 1.39

  Whippers or beaters.
• * 1.40

  A new Sect. Robes.
• * 1.41

  Error inconti∣nently findeth her adherents
• * 1.42

  Charles. 4.
• * 1.43

  Innocent. 6.
• * 1.44

  Reseruation of Benefices.
• * 1.45

  Betwixt say∣ing and do∣ing is a long way.
• * 1.46

  The Vniuersi∣tie of Prage.
• * 1.47

  Outrage done to the Empresse.
• * 1.48

  The battaile of Poitiers.
• * 1.49

  Iohn de Ro∣quetaillaide martired.
• * 1.50

  The Feast of the speare and nailes.
• * 1.51

  Wonders.
• * 1.52

  The death of Innocent.
• * 1.53

  Vrbain. 5.
• * 1.54

  Yues.
• * 1.55

  Armacan.
• * 1.56

  Baldus.
• * 1.57

  Iesuites.
• * 1.58

  A golden Bull.
• * 1.59

  A Taxe vpon Wine.
• * 1.60

  Gregory. 11.