Geographie delineated forth in two bookes Containing the sphericall and topicall parts thereof, by Nathanael Carpenter, Fellow of Exceter Colledge in Oxford.

7 Distant places which differ onely in latitude, are such as lye vnder the same Meridian, but di∣uerse Parallells: These are supposed to be either in One, or in Diuerse latitudes or Hemispheres.

8 In One, when both the places haue either North latitude, or both South Latitude: The finding out of which distances depends on these Propositions.

1 If the latitude of each place be towards the same P••le, subtract the lesser from the greater lati∣tude, and the residue conuert into miles.

The reason may bee explained in this Figure: wee will imagine

[illustration]

EF to bee the lesser, EG the greater la∣titude. There will remaine an Arch of the Meridian FG: which being multi∣plied by 60 (being part of a great circle, will make the nūber of miles answerable, to that distance. For an example we will take two Citties of England, Oxford and Yorke. The latitude Oxford, we take to be 31 degrees 30 minutes: of Yorke 54 degrees 30 minutes. The lesser latitude subtracted from the greater, there will remaine three degrees, which being multiplied by 60, will render 180 Italian-miles, the Distance of thse two places.

2 If two places in latitude only distant, be situate in diuerse kindes of latitude, adde the latitude of the one to the other, and the whole summe shall be the distance.

As for example, in the former Diagram, imagining as in the former case BD to be the Meridian of those distant places, and AC the Equatour, we will suppose the one place to bee situate towards the North Pole, as G, the other towards the South, as in H: then as appeares by sense, will the distance bee the Arch of the Meridian GH, whereof GE, and EH, are parts, whereof it is compounded: wherefore it must needs follow that those parts added together make the whole distance: for example we will take Bellograde in Europe, and the Cape of good hope in Afri∣ca, which haue neere the same longitude, to wit, 48 degrees 30

minutes: but they differ in latitude in such sort, as the former hath of the Northerne latitude 44 degrees 30 Minutes; the o∣ther of Southerne latitude about 35 degrees 30 minutes. These two numbers added together, will make 80 degrees, which be∣ing multiplied by 60 will produce 4800 miles the distance of those places.