The thre bokes of cronicles, whyche Iohn Carion (a man syngularly well sene in the mathematycall sciences) gathered wyth great diligence of the beste authours that haue written in Hebrue, Greke or Latine Whervnto is added an appendix, conteynyng all such notable thynges as be mentyoned in cronicles to haue chaunced in sundry partes of the worlde from the yeare of Christ. 1532. to thys present yeare of. 1550. Gathered by Iohn Funcke of Nurenborough. Whyche was neuer afore prynted in Englysh. Cum priuilegio ad imprimendum solum.

In the yere of our Lord .M. ccccc. xxxiij. when y^e Emperour, namely Charles the fift had sta∣blyshed vnity and concord among the Prin∣ces and Cities of Italy and Lumbardy, he depar∣ted wyth a competent and wel appointed Armada or Nauye from Genua, and hauynge a prospe∣rous passage, arryued within fewe dayes after in Spayne where he was receyued of hys subiectes wyth great ioye.

After this by the counsayll and instigation of* 1.1 themperours Maiestye, the Shypmaiesters and maryners of Spayne founde oute certayne In∣des or Ilandes in the sea, beynge vnknowen be∣fore, whyche do so excedynglye abounde in ryches of golde and syluer, that it is vnspeakeable. These toke they in by force of armes and subdued them vnder the subiection of the emperours Maiestye.

In thys yeare the Pope and Frauncys* 1.2 the Frenche kynge helde a solempne communy∣catyon together at Massylya whyche lyeth in the Prouynce of Fraunce, where after manye and dyuers consultacyons it was concluded that Henry Duke of Orleans, sonne to the sayde Frenche kynge shuolde marye Pope Clementes* 1.3 cosyne, the doughter of Laurence Medyce Duke of Vrbyne, wyth whome the Pope hadde promy∣sed a ryche dowrye.

Thus hath thys Pope Clemente alway∣es endeuoured hym selfe to allure and drawe vn¦to hym the hyghe Potentates and Rulers of the worlde, by the helpe of whome he myghte ex∣tyrpate and roote oute the pore Chrystyans, who∣me they call Lutheryans and Heretykes: But God woulde not suffer it longe: as it is wryt∣ten, There is no deuice nor counsayll agaynste the Lorde but it shall come to naughte.

In the same yeare the myghtye bond and* 1.4 confederatyon of the Germayne Natyon, which was called the Euangelycall confederacyon, or the bonde of the Gospell, beynge kepte secrete of manye was at the prouocatyon of the Fren∣che kynge opened and disclosed.

There apeared also another Comete or* 1.5 blasynge starre from the ende of the moneth of Iune, vnto the begynnynge of Auguste, in the Northe, and in the sygnes of Gemyny, Tau∣rus and Aryes, thoroughe the whyche sygnes she made her course in her goynge backewarde,

hauyng her tayle extended towardes the South. And thys was the thyrde Comete or blasynge starre that hadde appered wethyn those two ye∣res. What they portended or sygnyfyed, or what alteracyon of Estates and other thynges they broughte wyth them, maye a dyscreete rea∣der gather and perceyue by the Storyes herafter folowing. For suche wonderfull workes of God (althoughe they come by the course of nature) yet are they not wythoute theyr specyall wor∣kynge.

It is sayde also that in this yeare of .M.* 1.6 CCCCC. xxxiii. the Deuyl burned a lyttell Tou∣ne in Germanye called Shyltagh downe to the grounde, by the meanes of a certayne wythche, on maundy thursdaie.

The fyfte daye of October in the nyghte burned at Andwarpe the Churche called our la∣dye Churche beynge sodaynly sette on fyre.

At Nurrenboroughe and in manye other* 1.7 places of thempyre lyenge there aboute reygned thys yeare a greate Pestylence, in so muche that at Nurrenboroughe onelye from. S. Mar∣gretes daye, vntyll. S. Martins day folowinge dyed ten thousande persons.

The sixtene day of Nouember was a great earthquake, and an horryble tempeste of wynde,* 1.8 whyche plaged and troubled the Townes in hygh Germany verye sore, namely, Cu•• Felde∣churche. S. Gall, wyth other townes and vylla∣ges lyenge nyghe vnto them, by the Ryuer cal∣led the Rhene.

Thys yeare Henrye the eighte, kynge of* 1.9 Englande. &c. for certayne consyderacyons hym therevnto mouynge was dyuorced from hys wyfe whiche had bene fyrste maryed to hys brother prynce Arthur, and maryed another, on wyt∣sonday.

In the yeare of our Lorde .M. CCCCC.* 1.10 xxxiii. in the moneth of Ianuary, The Anabapti∣stes, whyche had gathered them selues together out of Hollande and Freselande, by preuy subtel∣tyes and conspyracyes whych they had made with certayne burgeouses of the Cytye of Mynster in Westphale, inuaded the same Cytye. toke possessy∣on of it, and expelled from thence al the Burgeou∣les and inhabytauntes therof, that woulde not take parte wyth them and folowe theyr facultye.* 1.11 They chose them also a kynge, that was a Tayl∣loure, named Ihon of Leyden, whyche ordeyned for hym selfe two specyall Counsayllours, the one called Knypperdullynge, and the other kregh¦tynge* 1.12 and in conclusyon they made suche a dys∣order and confusyon whytin the sayde Cytye, that not wythoute a cause all the people of Weste∣phale dyd ryse agaynste them.

But when the ryghte noble Prynce Phi∣lyppe Land¦graue of Hessen toke in hande to ac∣corde* 1.13 the matter betwene the sayde Anabapty∣stes and the Byshoppe, whome they had expel∣led, he coulde nothynge preuayle, so sore hadde the Deuyll blynded that Anabaptystycall gene∣ratyon. Wherefore the sayde Byshoppe compassed

the sayde Cytye wyth a greate power on eue¦rye syede to thyntent he myghte ouercome and* 1.14 subdue them ether wyth the sworde or elles by famyne.

And althoughe there was greate scar∣cyte and lacke of vyctualles wythyn the saide Cyrye in so muche that at the laste they were sayne to eate lether and couerynges of bookes yet dyd they sustayne, bearcoute, prolonge and holde oute the sayde syege vntyll the next yeare folowynge, wherof we shall speake more in place conuement.

In the meane season dyd Philip Land∣graue* 1.15 of Hessen prepare hymselfe after the best maner, to restore hys Vncle Duke Hulderyke of Wyrtenbergh agayne to hys Dukedome, from whence he was expelled fyftene yeares before durynge the whyche tyme kynge Ferdynando had the gouernaunce and vse therof.

But fyrste because the sayde prince of Hessen woulde do nothynge presumptuously nor temeraryouslye, he sente worde to themperou∣res Mayestye in Spayne, and to the kynge in Austryche, desyrynge them to restore hys said Vncle Duke Hulderyke to hys Landes agayn for so muche as he had nowe suffered sufficient punyshemente for hys offence, and presumpty∣on by hym commytted agaynste the Empyre (for he hadde taken a certayne towne pertaynynge to thempyre called Rutlynge, whyche was the cause of hys expulsyon) in that he hadde lac∣ked and forborne the vse and profytes of his

Landes all that space and season.

Whyche thynge yf they were not wil∣lynge to do he was in a readynes hym selfe to set hym in agayne parforce, Althoughe he woulde be loth to vse anye carneste and rigou∣rous fashions.

But whyle he was not answered ac∣cordynge to hys expectatyon and requeste, he wente furthe wyth hys power into the lande of Wyrtenbergh that where bothe Prynces met together sloutelye, but Philippe the Palatyne* 1.16 wyth hys men was put to flyghte, and he him selfe wounded in hys hele wyth a shot, wher∣fore the said Landgraue was verye sorye.

After thys battel the townes yelded them selues one after another, so that wythin fewe dayes the sayd Duke Hulderyk brought all his Landes agayn vnder hys power and subiection.

But whyle the sayde Landgraue by rea∣son of thys acte hadde nede to feare thempe∣roures and the kynges Maiestye, leaste they myghte worke oughte agaynste hym, he went wyth hys armye towardes Vlmes besydes the Ryuer of Danube, where he taryed eyther for an agremente and a peaceable retourne, or elles for another answere.

In so muche that a sure peace on the Emperoures and kynges Mayestyes behalfe,* 1.17 wyth sure appendycles and circumstances, was there promysed hym by Albert Archebyshoppe of Mence, Ihon Frederyke Duke of Saxon, bothe Electours imperiall, and George, Duke

of Saxon After the obtaynyng wherof he dis∣persed hys armye wythoute delaye, and retour∣ned home agayne into hys owne lande. Here* 1.18 myghte I take occasyon to extoll and hyghly to prayse not onelye the bolde and reasonable deade or acte of the Landgraue, in that he dyd so true∣lye and faythefullye helpe hys Vncle into hys owne domynyon agayne, wythoute any respect hadde to the power of them that hadde the same landes of hys Vncle, in possessyon more by suffe∣raunce, then by any ryghte tytell.

But also the pacience and mekenes both of the Emperoures and the kynges Maiestye, in that* 1.19 they dyd so gentlye and wyllyngly renounce the sayd Dukedome, Whych they myght very easely, accordynge to theyr power amonge men, haue sub∣dued and brought agayne vnder their subiection and dominatiion.

But forasmuch as I am not minded here to descri∣be hole stories with al their circūstances, but one¦ly to touch brefely the principal actes and doinges, I wil commet the same to another, or peraduēture intreate of it my selfe herafter to my power.* 1.20

The same yere of. 1534. died Frederick kinge of Denmarke, about whose corse happened a won∣derful and straung thing, which doubteles did sig∣nifie the sheding of bloud that folowed afterwarde in the same kingdome. For when the dead corps of y^e said kyng (accordyng to the custome and maner) was enbawmed or anoynted wyth bawme & other spyces and wrapped in clene seryng clothes, & was inclosed in a shrine piched & prepared accordinglye

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the same dead corps (contrarye to nature) be∣ganne* 1.21 to blede in suche sorte, that the bloude was receyued and taken vppe in vessels, and immedyatelye after the people of the land we∣re vysyted wyth warres and battayles. For Chrystophore Counte of Oldenboroughe, ac∣companyed wyth them of Lubeke, whose Ca∣pytaynes were George weuer, and Markes Mayer (whyche afterwarde accordynge to their deseruynges were condemned and put to death) inuaded the lande of Christyans Duke of hol∣stone, and toke certayne townes and Castels, whyche not longeafter the sayde Duke recoue∣red agayne, puttynge them of Lubeke to great losse bothe by water and by lande, vntyll suche tyme as the other Sea Townes wyth Hen∣rye Duke of Mekelboroughe toke the matter in hande, and concluded a peace and vnyty be∣twene* 1.22 the Towne of Lubeke, and the Duke∣dome of holstone whyche peace was registred and proclamed the eyghtene daye of Nouem∣ber.

After thys were the Capytaynes of Lu∣beke moued towardes Denmarcke, and consul∣ted wyth the sayde Counte of Oldenborough howe they myghte conuenyently inuade and entre the sayde kyngdome of Denmarke and Nor¦waye, wherof dyd ensue a newe warre, as* 1.23 shalbe declared in the next yeare.

Thys yeare was also sene a wonderfull apparition in Denmarke besides the towne of

Sleswyghe lyenge not farre from Lubeke, whych (as a certayne Secretarye of the saide pla∣ce* 1.24 by an othe affyrmeth in hys wrytynges to the Quene dyaected) apeared in the ayer the thyrd daye of Iune at after noone, and was sene of a thousande persons or more, as hereafter folo∣weth.

Fyrste there apeared a greate multy∣tude of Lyons fyghtynge one wyth another.

Secondlye there apeared a man armed on horsebacke wyth a iustynge speare vnder his arme as thoughe he woulde haue iusted with an other, hauynge a longe bearde, and many busshes of fethers.

Thyrdelye, there appeared a man with a crowne imperyall, as lyke vnto themperours Mayestie, that the sayd Secretary and manye of hys seruauntes, thoughte none other but that it hadde ben themperoures owne lyuyng personne, wherefore some of them toke of their cappes and were readye to do reuerence vnto hym.

Fourthelye there apeared the symyly∣tude or Lykenes of a greate Regyon or Coun∣tree, replenyshed wyth Cytyes, Castels and Vyllages, well distinct and set in order, which were all consumed thoroughe a swyft fyre which went vp in the same.

Fyftly, there apeared an other Regy∣on not vnlyke to the fyrste garnyshed wyth Cyty∣es Castels and vyllages and specially wyth one

greate and myghtye Cytye, wych Cytye was myghtelye assaulted by a greate multytude of warryours wyth gonnes and all manner of ar¦tyllerye bothe by lande and by water wyth migh tye shyppes vnder sayle. There appeared al∣so amonge the sayde warryours certayne Ca∣pytaynes, whyche in swyftnes or agylyty and in length of body exceded the other.

Syxtelye, there apeared halfe a blacke Egle, whyche lepte out of the sayde horse, out of whose clawes or talentes fell small Snakes, among the which was one great Dragon.

Seuentlye, there apeared afterward in the place where the greate Cyty hadde ben, a Camell, whyche dranke oute of a tempestuous water, as thoughe it hadde ben the ragynge sea, by the waues wherof the sayd beast was couered.

Eyghtlye, there appeared after thys a cer∣tayne horse, wheron noman dyd ryde, but a li∣on whyche laye vpon hys backe, hauing a crowne hangynge on hys heade, and vpon the sayde ly∣on sate a Cocke, whych by continuall pickynge and bytynge consumed the hole head of the Ly¦on, but the skull remayned a greate while hanging vpon the horse.

Nyntly, there appeared also a great Crosse of a bloudy colour, which immediately diuyded it selse into many small and black Crosses.

Tentlye and last of all there apeared a fye∣ry man wyth a crowne imperiall, all armed, whych helde on eyther syde of him a horse, and vnder this was the for sayd Crosse.

But vnder al these were manye sortes of Dragons & vnknowen beastes, As Lyons, bea∣res, and of other kyndes whych were neuer sene before for some of them hadde heades of wylde swyne wyth greate tethe, and yet resembled not the swynes in any other parte. But the moost part of them were Lyons.

The Crosse, the Camell, and the Ly¦on whose head the Cocke dyd eate were sene last of all.

Henrye the eyghte oft hat name kynge of* 1.25 Englande, whan he was by the Pope excōmuny¦cated for makyng dyuorse wyth hys wyfe (which was hys brothers wyfe before) called the noby∣lytye and beste learned of hys Realme together, and consulted wyth them, In the whych consul∣tatyon or parlyamente it was concluded, that* 1.26 the Pope hadde none authorytye nor power ouer hym, nor yet ouer the Churche of hys Realme: but that the kynge hym selfe was both kynge of his Royalme, and also supre me heade and de∣fender* 1.27 of the same Churche. Werefore he dyd vttterlye forsake the Pope and fell from hym. He dyd also set furthe a booke of the authori¦ty and power of Christen Princes ouer their Churches agaynste the vsurped authorytye of the Pope and hys detestable abhomynatyon, and procured afterward to be ioyned in confe∣deratyon wyth the Euangelycall Prynces and townes, agaynste the Pope and specyally wyth the towne of Lubeke.

Whithin a littel whyle after this, his deputye in

Irelande fell from hym, and caused the whole I∣lande* 1.28 to rebell agaynst theyr Prince.

In thesayed yeare the fyue and twentiest daye of September dyed Pope Clement the se∣uenth of that name, beyng old syxe and fyftye yea∣res and foure monethes.

After hym was elected and chosen, the twelft daye of October, Paule the thyrde, a verye* 1.29 olde man, whyche before was called Alexander Farnesius, a Romayne borne, and had ben byshop of Ostia. What Romysh touches the same hath wrought and vsed, shalbe mentioned hereafter in place conuenient.

Whyle thys was a doynge in the Weste, the bloudthurstye Mars was busy in the Easte: For the moost myghty Sophy kynge of the Per∣syans, inuaded the Lande of Armenia agaynst* 1.30 the Turke wyth a myghty army. Where∣fore the Turke sent hys chyefe Capytayne (cal∣led Imbrai Bassa) wyth a stronge hoost, to defend Armenia from and agaynst the Persyans.

But whan they met by the Ryuer of Eu∣frates, Imbrai Bassa wyth the moost parte of his* 1.31 hoost was slayne. Then Soliman the Turky she Emperoure intendyng to reuenge the sayde losse receyued at the handes of the Persyans, went out of the cytye of Epiphania (whyche lyeth in the ende of the lande of Cilicia, and abutteth vpon* 1.32 Syria) wyth a great nombre of men well appoin∣ted, and had a prosperons iorney and a lucky pas∣passage vntill he approched nygh vnto the costes of Armenia.

But as soone as he hadde attayned vnto it he* 1.33 was vnwarres enuyronned, compassed and be∣syeged rounde aboute of the Persyans in the mountaynes on euerye syde, in suche wyfe, that thesayd Soliman had muche to do to saue hys lyfe, and to escape wyth a fewe of hys men into Syria.

Whylest Solyman was thus pestered and busyed wyth the Persyans, a certayne Pyrate or Sea roauer, whome the Lombardes and the* 1.34 people of Mauritania do call Barbarossa, rose vp in Grece, and gate vnto hym a Turkyshe Ar∣mad a well appoynted, intendynge to inuade and ouertunne the kyngedome of Tunise, lyenge in Affrica, where sometyme Carthago was buyl∣ded, and at hys arryuynge he pilfered and spoy∣led syrste the Cytye of Ostia, lyenge not farre from Roome.

After that he kept the sea aboute Genua a* 1.35 good whyle, and whan they of Affrica suspected least of all, they were of hym inuaded. In so muche that he subdued vnto hym selfe all the lesser Af∣frica, and expelled kynge Altzachenus from Tu∣nise.* 1.36

Thus hath thys Tyraunt ouercome Af∣frica, wherein he reygned and tryumpheth yet at thys daye wyth greate pryde and arrogancy.

The fyfte daye of Iulye in the sayd yeare* 1.37 of .M. CCCCC. xxxiiii. were burned at Breda in the lande of Brabant, nyne hundreth and thre score houses by a sodayne fyre.

In the begynnyng of the Winter arose ma∣nye* 1.38 horryble and tempestuous Westerly and also Southerly wyndes, wherby certayne quarters in lowe Duchelande and thinhabitauntes of Sea∣lande dwellynge nygh the sea syde sustayned no∣table losses and dammages.

In the lande of Pole were all waters and* 1.39 ryuers so excedingly increassed, that they brooke downe at Crakowe and at Casymyre myghtye stonebridges and walles, wyth many other strong buyldynges, notwythstandynge that in a maner thoroughoute all Europa besydes all waters were verye small, and partely dryed vp thorough the greate heate of the same Sommer.

Thys yeare the Duke of Millan maryed* 1.40 the doughter of Cristerne captyue kyng of Den∣marke, whych was borne vnto hym of Izabell sy∣ster to the Emperour Charles.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Newe Indes or Ilandes plentyfull of golde and sil∣uer founde out by the Spāyardes.
• * 1.2

  A solēpne cō∣munycacyon holdē at Mas¦silia betwene y^e Pope & the French kinge.
• * 1.3

  The duke of Orleans ma∣rieth the Po¦pes cosyn.
• * 1.4

  The Euange¦lycal bōd is opened by y^e french kyng.
• * 1.5

  Another Co∣mete or bla∣sing starre a∣peared.
• * 1.6

  Shiltagh bur¦ned downe to y^e ground.
• * 1.7

  A great Pesti¦lence in Ger∣many.
• * 1.8

  A great earth¦quake & tem∣pest of wind.
• * 1.9

  Kynge henry the .viii was d••uorsed frō hys fyrste wyfe maried to an other.
• * 1.10

  1534. The Anabap¦tystes t••ke the Cytye of Mynster in Westphale.
• * 1.11

  The Anabap¦tystes make them a kyng.
• * 1.12

  Knypperdul∣lynge &c. kregh tynge.
• * 1.13

  Philip Land¦graue of He∣ssen.
• * 1.14

  The Citie of Minster be∣sieged by y^• bi••hop. Scarcitye of victualles in Mynster. The Ana¦baptistes ea∣te lether & co¦uerynges of bookes.
• * 1.15

  Philip land¦graue of He∣ssen goeth a∣bout to set his vncle in∣to his owne land agayn.
• * 1.16

  Philip y^• pa¦latine put to flyght and wounded. Hulderike duke of wi••∣tēberg resto∣red to his o•• •••• d〈…〉〈…〉ō.
• * 1.17

  A peace graūted vn∣to y^• ••an••g••a ••e on them perours be∣half.
• * 1.18

  The lādgra∣ue retour¦neth into his owne lande. A cōmēdati∣ō of liberaly¦ty & boldenes in y^e land∣graue.
• * 1.19

  a cōmēdatiō of pacience & mekenes in thēperour & y^e kyng of Hungary.
• * 1.20

  The death of Frederike kyng of Dē¦marke.
• * 1.21

  A straunge thing or tokē happened a∣bout y^• dead corps of the kynge. The erle of Oldēborou∣ghe •• y^• Lu∣bekes inuade y^• dukedom of h••lsa••es. The death of George weuer & mar¦kes mayer.
• * 1.22

  A peace con¦cluded be¦twene the towne of Lu¦beke and the dukedom of ho sure. The captay∣nes of Lube∣ke desyrous to inuade dē∣marcke.
• * 1.23

  A newe war ••••.
• * 1.24

  A wōderfull apparitiō in Dēmarke.
• * 1.25

  Henry king of Ingland excōmunica¦ted by the po¦pe.
• * 1.26

  The Pope hath •••• au¦thority ouer Ingland.
• * 1.27

  king Hēnry forsaketh y^t Pope. A bokt sett furth vp kin¦ge henry a∣gainste the primacpe of y^e Pope. King Henry ioined in cōfederatin̄ with y^t Prin¦ces & mayn∣tainers of •• gospel.
• * 1.28

  Ireland re∣be••••eth agai∣nst their prin¦ce. Pope Cle∣ment dyeth.
• * 1.29

  Paule y^•▪ iii. chosen to be Pope.
• * 1.30

  Sophi p••in∣•••• of y^• Per∣sians ••••••••••∣beth y^• Turk. Imbrai ba¦ssa.
• * 1.31

  Imbray ba∣ssa with hys host slayne.
• * 1.32

  The Turke cometh agai∣nste y^• sayde Sophy.
• * 1.33

  The turke cō∣passed aboute of the Periy∣ans. The Turke escapeth ••a ro••e•••• with a lewe.
• * 1.34

  Barbarossa inuabeth the kyngdome of Tunyse.
• * 1.35

  Barbarossa suodueth A∣ffryca the lesse
• * 1.36

  Kynge Altza∣chenus expel¦led from Tu∣nyse.
• * 1.37

  The 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Breda bur∣ned.
• * 1.38

  Great tempe¦stes of wind.
• * 1.39

  Waters & ry¦uers exceding¦ly increassed •••• y^• ••ande of Pole.
• * 1.40

  The duke of Millā mari∣eth y^• dough∣••••r 〈…〉〈…〉 y^• kyng Denmarke.