The second part of the Protestants plea, and petition for preists and papists Being an historie of the holy preisthood, and sacrifice of the true Church of Christ. Inuincibly prouing them to be, the present sacrificing preisthood: prouing also the sacrifice of the Masse, vsed in the Catholike Roman church: and that these were promised, and foretold by the Prophets, instituted by Christ, and exercised by all his Apostles. Morouer that they haue euer from the first plantinge of Christianitie in this our Britanye, in the dayes of the Apostles, in euery age, and hundred of yeares, beene continued and preferued here. All for the most part, warranted by the writinges and testimonies of the best learned Protestant doctors, and antiquaries of England, and others.

THE IX. CHAPTER. Shewinge by these Protestants of England, how both the Popes highest spiritual power, was still here continued, and a perpetuall succession of our Bishops and Cleargie alsoe in Britanie from the See of Rome, as in the other Ages before.

NOw wee are come to the fift Century, in the beginning whereof the first Fa∣thers of Heresie, and Opposers against the holy Apostolick See of Rome, which I finde to haue beene of our Brittish nation, were the monstrous rebellious Hereticks Pelagius and Timotheus, not that I finde them more formally & directly opposite to the See Apo∣stolick then other Hereticks were, but as the

nature and necessitie of heresie is, to bee euer contrarie and disobedient to their cheife iudge, and commaunder in such cases, the Pope of Rome, with councels assembled: for as our Protestants tell vs, diuers Popes of Rome both by themselues, and in councels had condemned Pelagius for an hereticke, and yett hee obstinately persisted in his con∣demned errors. Innocentius the first condem∣ned, Pelagius the monke, and Coelestius of he∣resie, for preferringe free vvill before the grace of God, and sayd the vvil of man by it selfe, was sufficient & able to fulfill the cōmaundements of God, and tooke avvay the necessitie of Baptisme and faith in Christ. (Rob. Barns in vit. Pont. Rom. in Innocent. Bal. centur. 1. de Scriptorib. in Pelagio heresiarcha.) Innocentius primus Pela∣gium monachum, & Coelestium haereseos dam∣nauit: quod liberū arbitrium gratiae Dei praefer∣rent, dicerent{que} voluntatē per se sufficere, ad im∣plenda Dei mādata, praesul ordinatus Pelagius sui nominis haeresim fabricabat, asserens hominem sine peccato nasci, ac solo voluntatis imperio si∣ne gratia saluari posse, vt ita nefarius baptis∣mum ac fidem tolleret. Pelagius after hee was made a Bishopp, framed an heresie of his name, affirminge that man was borne

without sinne, and by the onely com∣maunde of his wil, without grace by Christ, might bee saued, that the wicked man might soe take away both baptisme and faith.

Pope Sozimus alsoe, as these men tell vs, condemned this hereticke, and to vse their wordes. (Rob. Barnes sup. in Sozimo Papa.) That Sozimus might declare, that nothinge was in any place ratified, that was done in holy things, except it were done by the Popes autho∣ritie, hee sent Faustinus a Bishop, & two preists, to the councell of Carthadge. The decrees of the councell were brought to Pope Sozimus, which beeinge by him approued, the Pelagian heresie was condemned euery where. Vt Sozimus decla∣raret, nihil vsquam ratum fore, quod in rebu•…•… sacris ageretur, nisi id Romani Pontificis au∣thoritate fieret, Faustinum Episcopum, & duos presbyteros, ad Cathaginensem Synodum misit. Synodalia decreta ad Sozimum perlata sunt: quibus approbatis, Pelagiana haeresis passim damnata est. Thus wee see by these Prote∣stants, that the Popes of Rome, euen in this time, when they were moste afflicted, and Rome it selfe taken, and sacked by Gothes, in the time of this Pope, (Barns supr,) beeinge Pope but one yeare 3. moneths and twelue dayes,

Sozimo Pontifice, Roma à Gothis capta est: They still exercised and practised this hi∣ghest spirituall power in all places, euen in Africk, as these Protestants assure vs, and not onely in Europe where our Britanie is: In which they shewed, and exercised this their highest supreamacy in many and di∣uers matters in that time.

And first in this Busines of Pelagius, the monke or Abbot of Bangor, in Wales; Thus writeth a Protestant Bishop with consent of Antiquities. (Bal. centur. 1. de Scriptor. in Pal∣ladio Graeco. Hector Boeth. hist. Scotor. l. 7. fol. 132.133. Holinsh. histor. of Scotland. Ed. Grym∣ston cap. Relig. of Scotland pag. 20. Prosper. in Chronico.) Palladius Graecus à Caelestino Ro∣manorum Pontifice Antistes mittebatur, vt Pe∣lagianam haeresim, quae tunc magnam Britan∣niae partem inquinauerat, à Britannorum gente arceret, atque Scotorum populum ad veram pic∣tatem, à qua continua bellorum atrocitate pau∣lùm aberrarit, rite reduceret. Hunc ferunt con∣cionibus pijs à quibusdam gentilium superstitiū∣culis ecclesias illas purgasse, atque ob id in ho∣diernum vsque diem, Scotorum Apostolus ap∣pelatur. Palladius a Graecian was by Cele∣stine Pope of Rome, sent a Bishop, to driue

from the nation of the Britans, the Pelagian heresie, which then had defiled a great part of Britanie, and rightly to reduce the Scots to true pietie, from which by the continuall crueltie of wars they had erred. The saying is, that with his godly sermons, hee purged those churches from some superstitions of the gentiles, and soe is to this day called the Apostle of the Scots. Here wee see it first left to the Popes Iudgment, what was heresie to bee condemned, what was error to bee recalled, superstition to bee reformed, and in his power spirituall (the temporall Romane then hauinge nothing to doe in any part of this Iland) to assigne, and send a Bi-Bishop, and Apostle to that nation, which was neuer subiect, either in temporall res∣pects, to the Romane Emperors, whoe soe performed the highest sacred duties, and authoritie in that church, that, as before, and by all writers hee is called, Scotorum A∣postolus, the Apostle of the Scots: as iust∣lie hee deserued it, settling all things there, by his legatine power, makinge a Bishop, an Archbishop, and the like matters of grea∣test Iurisdiction, as namely S. Seruanus Bis∣hop of the Orchads, and S. Teruanus Archbishop

of the Picts, Palladius Seruanum Episcopum ad Orchadas Insulas missum, vt Populum rudem christiana pietate institueret, creauit, & Terua∣num quem Infantē lustrico lauerat fonte, Picto∣rū Archiepiscopum constituit. Palladius created Seruanus a Bishopp, and sent him to the Orchads Ilands, to instruct the rude people, in the christian faith, and hee appointed Teruanus, whome hee baptized when hee was an Infant, to bee Archbishop of the Picts. Hector Boeth. hist. Scotor. l. 7. folio 133. pag. 1. Georg. Buchan. Rerum Scoticar. l. 5. Rege 42. pag. 146. Polidor. Verg. hist. Anglic. l. 3. pag. 58.59.

Thus the Scottish histories teach vs. By which it is euident, that the whole state of the church of Scots, and Picts alsoe, was then settled by the Authoritie of this Roman Legate, and that the other Gouernors which he appointed in it, were alsoe sent from Rome, for, if Teruanus whom hee appoin∣ted Archbishop of the Picts, was baptized when hee was but an Infant, as these Scottish historians tell vs, hee was baptized at Rome or those parts where S. Palladius then liued, & not in this kingdome, where it is confes∣sed by all antiquities, that S. Palladius liued

a verie short time. And S. Teruanus beeinge made by him an Archbishopp amonge the Picts, it both informeth, that there were o∣ther Bishops there vnder him, els he could not bee Archbishop, cheefe of the Bishops there; and maketh probable, that S. Ninian, whoe as a Protestant Bishop writeth, (Bal. cent. 1. in Ninian. Bernic.) died about this time, was alsoe Archbishopp there, and now dyinge Teruanus was by Palladius his legatine power ordeyned his successor: or that both these were Archbishops of Yorke, soe ap∣pointed by the See of Rome, and named Bis∣hops of the Picts, because they with other prouinces, were subiect to the Archbishops See of Yorke, a subordination neyther alte∣red by S. Celestine or any other Pope vntill such time, as I haue before declared, except in such extraordinary cases, of special legats sent immediately from Rome, with cheife authoritie, such as S. Palladius was, whoe by that prerogatiue exercised this iurisdiction extraordinarily, in consecrating and institu∣ting Bishops, within the limits of the Me∣tropolitane of Yorke, which ordinarily be∣longed vnto his See, by the order of Pope Eleutherius from the beginning of our pub∣lick

receauing of the faith of Christ. And the same care and chardge which S. Cele∣stine then Pope of Rome tooke of the Scots, and Picts, at this time, the same alsoe hee had, and as cheife pastor performed, both to this kingedome of Britanie, and Ireland alsoe.

Concerning Britanie, these Protestants as∣sure vs, that when Pelagius was dead before, and his heresies by many Popes and coun∣cells condemned, yett it beeing maintayned here by Leporius Agricola, a very learned Hereticke. (Bal. centur. 1. de scriptor. in Lepo∣rio Agricola & l. 2. de Act. Pontif. Rom. in Ce∣lestino. Rob. Barns l. de vita Pontif. Roman. in Caelestin.) That Saint Palladius of whome I haue spoken, the Popes Legate in Scotland, informed S. Celestine Pope hereof, whoe there∣vppon sent the twoe french Bishops, Germanus and Lupus hither to strengthen the Britans in the true doctrine of heauēly grace, and to cōfute the wicked doctrine of the sufficiency of mans vvorkes vvithout the grace of Christ. Quod per Palladium audiēs Caelestinus Pontifex Romanus, Germanum Antissiodorensem, & Lupum Tra∣cafessum, Gallicanos Episcopos illuc misit vt Bri∣tannos, in fide gratiae caelestis solidarent, & im∣piam

atque Hipocriticam humanorum operum doctrinam confutarent. And that wee may bee fully informed, that S. Celestine the Pope did not send these two holy Bishops into Bri∣tanie onely to suppresse the pelagian heresy, but to supply the spiritual wants in this king∣dome, this Protestant Bishop and greatest enemy to the See of Rome, will tell vs more plentifully, where hee describeth that holy Pope and his doctrine in this maner. (Balaeus l. 2. de act. Pontif. Rom. in Coelestino. Robert. Barns in vit. Pont. in Coelestino.) Caelestinus Campanus, Introitum graduale, Responsorium, tractum, & offertorium papisticae missae inseruit: atque vt Sacerdotes pontificum Canones scirēt, a•…•…è praecepit. Germanum in Britanniam, Pal∣ladium in Scotiam, & Patricium cum quodam Segetio in Hiberniam, vt pelagianas haereses extirparent, Episcopos misit, obijtque anno Christi 435. Confessorum numero asscriptus. Pope Celestine borne in Campania, did put to the Papisticall masse the introite, gra∣duale, responsorie, tract, and offertorie; and streightly commanded, that preists should knowe the canons of the Popes, hee sent Bishops, Germanus into Britanie, Palladius into Scotland, and Patricke with

one called Segetius into Ireland, to roote out the Pelagian heresies. And hee died in the yeare of Christ 435. in the number of Confessors.

An other interpretinge this addition hee made to the masse, saith. (Barns supr.) In ini∣tio sacrificij, vt Psalmus Iudica me Deus & dis∣cerne causam meam &c. à sacrificaturo diceretur, ordinauit. Graduale in missa ordinauit, vt Sa∣cerdotes canones sacros tenerent, praecepit. Pope Celestine ordeyned, that in the be∣ginninge of the sacrifice, when a preist was to sacrifice, hee should say the psalme which beginneth, Iudge mee o God, and discerne my cause &c. hee did order the graduale in the Masse, & cōmaunded that preists should vnderstand or keepe the holy canons as before. And the Protestant Archbishopp Whitgift. (Whitg. Answere to the Admoni∣tion pag. 44. sect. 1.2.) Speaking of this ho∣lie Pope writeth: Celestine was a godly Bishop, and the church of Rome at that time, had the substance of the Sacraments: accordinge to gods word: neither was there any superstition mixed with them, the Introite that hee appoin∣ted, was one of the psalmes. The like hath

Master Foxe, (Foxe tom. 2. in Queene Mary pag. 1401.) whoe affirmeth, this vse of a psalme before the Masse was vsed longe be∣fore in the Greeke church. And it is the common opinion of our English Protestāts, their Bishops, Antiquaries, and doctors that the Religion which these holy Legats of Rome SS. Germanus and Lupus taught here, was in all things, veritatis praedicatio, doctrina sincera, sincerissima, purus Dei cultus, qualis ab Apostolis mandato diuino Christiano∣rum Ecclesiis traditus erat. The preaching of truth, sincere doctrine, moste sincere doc∣trine, the pure worship of God, such as by the commandement of God, was by the A∣postles deliuered to the churches of Chri∣stians: and soe it continued here in this pu∣ritie longe after. Matth. Parker Antiq. Bri∣tan. pag. 6.45.46. Goscelin. histor. Bal. l. 2. de act. Pontif. Rom. in Greg. 1. & l. de Script. centur. 1. in August. Dionatho. Godvvyn. Con∣uers. of Brit. Povvel. in annot. in lib. Girald. Cambr. de Itinerar. Cambr. c. 1. Foxe pag. 463. edit. an. an. 1576. Fulk. Answ. to a count. Ca∣thol. pag. 40. Midleton Papistam. pag. 202. Stovve histor. in Ethelb. Holinsh. histor. of Engl. cap. 21. pag. 102.

Therefore wee may not now make any doubt of any thinge, done here by these holy Bishops, by power from the Pope, either in causinge the decrees and canons of the Popes soe much dignifyinge the highest spirituall power in the See of Rome, generally to bee vsed and receaued here, by all preists, and cleargie men, as this holy Pope had com∣manded, nor in consecratinge Bishops, and Archbishops, with limitation of their Iuris∣dictions, and the like, but they were moste Iustely, and religiously performed. (Matth. West. an. 446. Matth. Park. antiq. Brit. Ho∣linsh. hist. of Engl. Sigibert. an. 428. Stowe and Howes histor· in Theodosius. Bal. centur. 1. in Leporio Agricola.) And yett besides their powerable, and authoritatiue condemninge of the Pelagian heresies here, together with the Timothean Hereticks, they ordeyned and consecrated soe many Bishops in this nation, that some writers amonge Prote∣stants. (Godvvin Conuers. of Britanie pag. 25.) are of opinion, their number was greater then of those that were consecrated here in the time of Kinge Lucius: amonge whome a Protestant Bishop writteth in this maner: I cannot but rest persuaded, that our Britanie

had very few Bishops vntill the cominge ouer of Germanus and Lupus, to suppresse the Pela∣gian Heresie: concerninge which matter, I thinke it not amisse to offer vnto the Reader, what I finde in our history of Landaff. Postquam praedicti Seniores (Sanctus Germanus Episco∣pus & Lupus) Pelagianam heresim extirpaue∣rant, Episcopos pluribus in locis Britanniae con∣secrauerunt. Super omnes autem Britannos dex∣tralis partis Britanniae, beatum Dubricium, sum∣mum Doctorem, à Rege & ab omni parochia electum Archiepiscopum consecrauerunt. Hac dignitate, ei à Germano & Lupo data, consti∣tuerunt ei episcopalem sedem, concessu M•…•…nrici Regis, Principum, Cleri & populi, apud podium Lantaui, in honore S. Petri Apostoli fundatam, & cum finibus istis &c. Which thus hee engli∣sheth: After the said elders (S. Germanus Bi∣shop, and Lupus) had rooted out the Pela∣gian Heresie, they consecrated Bishops in many places of Britanie. Ouer all the Brit∣tans dwellinge on the right side of Britanie, they consecrated for Archbishop, S. Dubri∣tius, whoe was chosen for the supreame do∣ctor by the kinge and all the Diocesse. This dignitie beeing bestowed vpon him by Ger∣manus and Lupus, they with the consent of

Mo•…•…ric the kinge, the nobilitie, cleargie and people, appointed his See to bee at the man∣ner of Lantaui, and founded the same there, to the honor of S. Peter, boundinge the ter∣ritories thereof in this wise. &c. Then hee addeth immediately: This was about the yeare of Christ 430. about which time alsoe, Palladius did first appoint Bishops and ordeine Bishopricks in Scotland, as Buchanan hath deliuered. The words of Buchanan the puritane are these. (Georg. Buchan. l. 5. Reg. 42. pag. 146. Rer. Scotic.) Creditur Palladius primus Episcopus in Scotia creasse. Palladius is thought to bee the first that created Bishops in Scotland.

Where wee are taught, by these great Pro∣testāts themselues, that the first Bishops, that euer were in this Iland, whether Scotland, or this other part of England, and Wales, were instituted together with their Sees, Iu∣risdictions, and limitts by the Popes authori∣tie, and this Protestant Bishop in translating his Antiquitie hath abused his reader, that is ignorant of the latine tonge, for where hee translateth. (who vvas chosen for the supreame doctor by the kinge and all the diocesse:) there is noe such thinge in that antiquitie, as hee himselfe alleadged it, but only that the king

consented with the diocesse to his conse∣cration in Archiepiscopall dignitye by the Popes Legats, or at the moste that they did choose him rather then any other: for that hee was a cheife doctor here longe before, and that by the Popes approbation, I will shew herafter. And it seemeth to bee certayne, both by himselfe, and others, that this Protestant Bishop where hee speaketh of the kings and peoples election, did add it of his owne Inuention, for both by others, and himselfe alsoe in other places, there is no such thinge in this narration. Iohn Capgraue whome this man much commendeth, thus relateth this history. (Godwin Conuers. of Brit.)

Cum Sanctus Germanus & Lupus haeresim illam (Pelagianam) extirpassent: Episcopos in pluribus locis Britanniae consecrarunt: & dex∣tralis partis Britanniae beatum Dubritium, sum∣mum Doctorem & Archiepiscopum statuerunt: & Landauensem ecclesiam in honore beati Petri fundatam, sedem cathedralem collocarunt: col∣latis autem ecclesiae Landauensi à Rege multis possessionibus & ecclesijs, Dubricius discipulos per ecclesias diuisit, quasdam nouas ecclesias fun∣dauit, Danielem in Episcopum Bangerensem, & Sanctum Iltutum in loco ab illo Lanitut, id est

Ecclesia Iltuti vocatum ordinauit. (Ioh. Cap∣grauius in Catalog. in S. Dubritio.) When S. Germanus and Lupus had rooted out that (Pelagian) heresie, they consecrated Bishops in many places of Britanie: & they appoin∣ted blessed Dubritius, cheife Doctor, and Archbishop of the right hand part of Brita∣nie, and placed the church of Landaffe foun∣ded in honor of S. Peter the cathedrall See, and many possessions and parishes being gi∣uen by the kinge to the church of Landaffe, Dubricius diuided his disciples by the chur∣ches: builded some new churches. Hee or∣deyned Daniel Bishop of Bangor, and S. Il∣tutus in a place called of him Lanitut, that is, the church of Iltutus. The very same words without any word added or detracted, ar in the life of S. Dubritius, in the greate old Manuscript of many Saints, written di∣uers hundreds of yeares since. (Manuscript antiquum & permagnum pr. gloriosi ac Deo di∣lecti. in S. Dubricio.) And both these Anti∣quities teach with all others, that Aurelius Ambrosius kinge, was here at that time, with generall commaund, and that hee with the whole cleargie, consented to haue S. Du∣britius Archbishop of Wales, and S. Sampson

of Yorke, their words bee: Sancti Episcopi praedicti consentiente Rege Ambrosio Aurelio, necnon & omni clero, Dubritium Archiepisco∣pum consecrarunt. The twoe holy Bishops (S. Germanus and Lupus) the kinge Ambrosius Aurelius, and all the cleargie consentinge, consecrated Dubritius Archbishop, and a∣gaine: Impositum est Diadema capiti Regis Au∣relij Ambrosij, & de communi consensu sedem Eboracensem contulit Sampsoni viro Sancto, vrbis verò Legionum Archiepiscopatum inclito Dubritio dedit. Aurelius Ambrosius was crowned kinge, and by common consent (of the Legats and cleargie) hee bestowed the See of Yorke on Sampson an holy man, and the Archbishoprick of Caerlegion on renowned Dubritius.

Soe that it clearely appeareth, that if there was any such kinge, as Monric at that time, he was but a little Regulus in the cōtry about Lantaui, and perhaps temporall Lord of that place, and soe his consent for the set∣tlinge of the Archbishops See there, by the Legats was requisite, and graunted, and in noe other sence. For this Protestant Bishop himselfe. (Godwin Catalog. in S. Dauies. Ro∣ger Houeden. Matth. Parker antiquit. Britan.)

Producer of this Antiquitie, is wittnes, with all writers, that at this time, and at the co∣minge of S. Augustine soe longe after, the Bishopricks of Exeter in Deuonshire, Bathe in Sommersettshire, Hereford, and Worce∣ster, which could not belonge to any petty Prince or Regulus, were subiect to that Ar∣chiepiscopall See, therefore such things were rather done by the direction, or cōmaund of the Legats, Iubente Sancto Germano, as our Protestants publish in their Brittish history. (Galfrid monum. histor. Reg. Britan. lib. 6. c. 14.) And as much confessed by this Prote∣stant Bishop himselfe, in diuers others pla∣ces, and in these plaine termes. (Godwin Catalog. in S. Dauids in Dubritius.) Du∣britius was made. Archbishopp of all Walles, by Germanus and Lupus, twoe Bishops of Fraunce that were entreated by Aurelius Am∣brosius, the Kinge, or Ruler of Britanie, to come ouer, and yeeld their best helpe, for ex∣tinguishing the Pelagian heresie, that had then taken great roote in this contry And they ap∣pointed his See to bee at Landaff, which soone after was remoued to Caerlegion vppon Vske in Monmoutshire. And in an other place thus hee writeth. (Godwyn. Catalog. in

Landaff. 1. in Dubritius.) The cathedral church of Landaffe is reported to haue beene first built in the time of Lucius, about the yeare of Christ 180. But I perceiue not, that any Bishop satt there before Dubritius, that by Germanus Bis∣hop of Altisiodore, and Lupus of Trecasia (tvvo Bishops of Fraunce) vvas first consecrate Arch∣bishop of those parts, and sate sometimes at Caerleon, sometimes at Landaffe. Where hee quite forgetteth his kinge Monric, attribu∣tinge all to the Popes Legates. And a little after, citinge the very same booke of Lan∣daffe which hee did before, hee produceth many Bishops of that See, to haue excom∣municated the kinges or princes of that con∣try; of which hereafter. Godvvyn. Catalog. of Bish. in Landaff. pag. 518.520.521.523. & edit. an. 1615.

Soe that there is not the leaste suspition left, eyther by the booke of Landaffe, or any antiquitie, but the cheife spirituall power and iurisdiction in this kingedome, was euer acknowledged generally, to be in the holy Apostolick See of Rome, and at this time executed here by those holy Legats from thence. Which more appeareth in this holy Archbishop S. Dubritius, whoe was not on∣lie

thus consecrated and disposed of in those highest spirituall affaires, by authoritie from Rome, but was alsoe himselfe the Popes Le∣gate here in Britanie, as Robertus Caenalis the french Bishop, the Brittish history and other witters say. (Robert. Caenal. Gallic. hist. l. 1. perioche 6. Galfr. monum. l. 9. cap. 12. histor. Brit.) Ex Vrbe Legionū, Dubritius hic Britaniae primas, & Apostolicae sedis Legatus, tanto re∣ligione clarebat, vt quemcumque langore gra∣uatis orationibus suis sanaret. Dubritius Arch∣bishop of Caerlegion, Primate of Britanie, and legate of the See Apostolicke, was soe holy, that hee healed all sick parsons by his prayers. Therefore beeing the Popes Legate, and liuinge here soe longe vntill the yeare of Christ 522. as two Protestant Bishops tell vs. Godwyn sup. Bal. centur. 1. in Dubricius.) And Primate of Britanie, there can bee noe doubt of the Popes power here in this time, if wee had noe other instances and Argu∣ments to Insist vpon in this matter for those daies.

But these Protestant Antiquaries. Galfrid. monum. histor. Reg. Britan l. 6. c. 13. Io. Cap∣grau. Catal. in S. Dubritij Manuscript. of Saints old in Dubrit.) and others tell vs, that these

Legats thus sent from the Pope, did not co∣me hither onely to extirpate those here∣sies, but to preach the true Religion in all o∣ther things, for the christianitie of the Britans was then corrupted, not onely by the Pelagian heresie, but by the Pagans which the kinge had brought hither, and by the preachinge of these blessed men (the Popes Legats) the Reli∣gion of true faith was restored amonge them. In tempore illo venit S. Germanus Antissiodo∣rensis Episcopus, & Lupus Trecensis Episcopus vt verbum Dei Britonibus praedicarent, cor∣rupta namque fuerat christianitas eorum, tum propter Paganos quos Rex in societatem corum posuerat, tum propter Pelagianam haeresim. Beatorum igitur virorum praedicatione, restitu∣ta est inter eos verae fidei Religio. And in par∣ticular besides the common Pelagian here∣sies against the necessitie of Baptisme, and grace of Christ, it seemeth the Pelagian preists and Bishops, contrary to christian Religion, in all churches, had women, whom they called their wiues, for wee reade that Leporius Agricola, the greate promoter of that heresie here, was the sonne of Seuerianus a Pelagian Bishop, saith

one Protestant. (Stowe histor. in Theodo∣sius the yonger.) Seueri cuiusdam Pelagiano∣rum Sacerdotis in Britannia filius, the son∣ne of one Seuerus a Pelagian preist in Bri∣tanie, saith an other. Io: Bal. centur. 1. de Scriptor. in Leporio Agric.) And the kinge Vortiger soe countenanced the Pa∣gan Saxons, that wee heare, that many christians intermarried with them, as the kinge himselfe had done, although hee had then aliue his christian wife, by whome hee had three sonnes, to wit Vor∣timer, Catigern, and Pascentius, yett hee married the Pagan daughter of Hongi∣stus the Pagan, named Rowenna, and soe aduanced the Infidels, that the whole kingedome was endaungered, and to aggrauate these sinnes, this kinge kept in vvicked maner his owne daughter vvhich hee had by his Christian vvife, and be∣gott a child a daughter of her. (Mattheus Westminster. anno 450.) Generat etiam ex eadem coniuge filiam, quam in societa∣tem thori suscipiens, filiam ex ea proceauit. Whereupon (to speake in Protestant wor∣des.) (Stovve and Hovves histor. in Vor∣tigern.) Vodine Archbishopp of London,

a man of singular deuotion, and good life, by the aduise of Vortimer (the kinges eldest sonne and next kinge) went to Vortiger, and said to him that hee had not done as a Chri∣stian prince, in departinge from his lawfull wife, and takinge an other woman, whose father was an enemy to the Christian faith, and alsoe went about to conquer the crowne of Britanie. Hengist hearing Vortiger make lamentation, forth with slew the good Arch∣bishop Vodine, and many other preists, and Religious parsons, all the churches in lent were polluted with blood, the Nunnes with other religious parsons, were by force putt from their howses, and goods, & constreined to pollutiō of their bodies. The Brittās consi∣deringe the daily repaire of the Saxons into this Realme, shewed to their kinge the Ieo∣perdie that might therof ensue, and aduerti∣sed him of the daunger, but all was in vaine: for Vortiger by reasons of his wife, bare such fauour to the Saxons, that hee would in noe wise heare the counsaile of his subiects. Thus farre these Protestants.

But Nennius in his manuscript history wri∣ting as a Protestāt Bishop saith. Io: Bal. centur. 1. in Nennio Bamachorensi. Nennius in M. S.

histor. in Guorthigirno Rege.) a thousand yeares since, writeth plainely, that amonge other wickednesses of this kinge, hee tooke his owne daughter for his wife, and had a daughter by her. Which when it was pro∣ued to S. Germanus (the Popes Legate) hee came with all the cleargie of Britanie to correct the kinge: And when a Synode of the cleargie and nobilitie was assembled. The kinge arose and was very angry, and sought to fly from the face of S. German, and hee was accursed, and con∣demned by blessed German, and all the councell of the Britans. Super haec omnia mala adijciens Guorthigirnus, accepit filiam suam propriam in vxorem sibi, quae poperit ei filiam. Hoc autem cum compertum esset à Sancto Germano, venit corripere Regem, cum omni clero Britannum: & dum conuenta esset magna Synodus Clerico∣rum in vno concilio, ipse Rex surrexit, iratus{que} est vehementer, & vt à facie Sancti Germani fugeret, quaerebat, & maledictus est, & dam∣natus à beato Germano, & omni concilio Britan∣num. Our english Protestants in their Mat∣thew of Westminster, as hee is published by them, (Matth. Westm. an. 450.) Thus tell vs: A S. Germano & ab omni Episcoporum conuenta est excommunicatus. Vortiger was excom∣municated

by S. German, and the whole assembly of Bishops, yet this notwithstan∣dinge, hee also went about to ouerthrow both christian Religion, and the kingdome, ioyninge with the Pagan Infidels, and ha∣uing three wiues of which one an Infidell enemy to the land, the other his own daugh∣ter; which & such things noe christian could or would doe, yet it doth not appeare by Nē∣nius. (Nennius supr.) That hee was deposed, but straungly punished by God, neither doth the Brittish history or Matthew of Westmin∣ster say, hee was deposed, but deseruerunt eum. The Britans forsooke Vortigern, ioyninge with their enemies the Saxōs Infidels, wher∣by hee rather relinquished to bee their kinge, then they deposed him, although afterward they say, Vortimerum filium eius in Regem ere∣xerunt, they made Vortimer his sonne kinge to defend the kingedome, beeing driuen to those extremities. (Galfrid. monum. l. 6. c. 13. Matth. Westm. But our English Protestants, (noe vnlearned schollers in deposing kings) write confidently: The Britās vvith one mind depriued him of his roiall dignity, vvhē hee had reigned sixe yeares, & ordeined to bee their king, Vortimer his eldest sonne. (Stow & Hov hist.

in Vort. Hol. hist of Eng. Matth. Park. ant. Brit. p. 78 prot. ānot. in Matth. Westm. in Mer. ā. 454.

And these men are soe far from findinge fault herein, that generally they applaud, and much commend the fact. I will Instan∣ce onely in one their first Protestant Arch∣bishop, which relatinge the continuall pre∣seruinge of true Religion inuiolate by the Britans, doth exemplify in this as an heroi∣call Act in that kinde, his words bee these. (Matth. Parker. antiquit. Britan. pag. 7.8.) Magnum est Britannorum perfectae in Christum fidei argumentum, illa expostulatio & Querela, qua in Vortigernum suum Regem vehementer egerunt: quod Hengisti Infidelis filiam matri∣monio sibi iunxisset. Quare Incensi proceres, Vortigerno regia potestate abdicato, Vortimerum eius filium Regem creabant. It is a great Argu∣ment of the perfect faith in Christ of the Britans, that their expostulation and quarrell by which they delt vehemently against Vor∣tigern their kinge, because he had martyred the daughter of Hengist an infidell; wher∣fore his noble men beeing offended, depriue him of his kingly power, makinge Vortimer his sonne their kinge. This is our Protestants Relation, and construction of this matter.

Whoe propose vnto vs an other like example, of the same S. Germane in the case of Bulie, kinge of Powsey, in walles. (Holinsh. histor. of Engl. l. 5. pag. 84.) Whoe contemninge the preachinge of S. German, was miraculously punished with death, and a meane man a christian called Ketell, by Nennius, placed in that dignitie, and they cite Ranulphus Hi∣geden, whoe as they write citeth Gildas for the same history. But Nēnius hath it at lardg, and saith of this Ketell, soe erected. (Nen∣nius M. S. in S. German.) Et omnes filij eius facti sunt Reges, & à semine eorum omnis Re∣gio Prouisorum regitur vsque hodiernam diem. And all his sonnes after him were kings, and from their seede the whole Region of Pouis is ruled to this day. From the time of S. Ger∣man to the writinge of Nennius.

And it is euident by Nennius, the Relator of this historie, that S. German was not a deposer of this wicked kinge. For first it is manifest by the history, that hee was a pa∣gan, which was in noe wise subiect to Chri∣stian discipline, or coercion, secondly hee & his kindred were miraculously destroyed and consumed by God, and noe heyre left of that linadge to inherite. Then if S. Ger∣man

with the consent of the nobles, and people; now destitute of a Ruler, gaue way to the election of an other, a worthie and holy man, what wronge or iniurie in any opinion was here committed by him? none at al, but an action which all Religions doth allowe, and commend vnto vs.

But to leaue these things to Protestants, as their propertie quarto modo in all places, & times, when they haue preuailed, and which I would not haue mentioned, but beeinge thus called vppon, by them, wee are fur∣ther taught by them, that in this time our dependance here in Britanie, was soe greate on the Popes of Rome, that not soe much as as a publick schole was here kept without his allowance, and the audience of other matters was referred to him. These things appeare to bee soe, in the case of the schole of Cambridge, priuiledged by the holy Po∣pes S. Leo, and Simplicius in this age, and S. Iltutus, that renowned Master of many moste Learned Schollers. (Honor. Papa. supr. Caius Antiquitat. Cantabrig. l. 1. p. 147. lib. vit. Sanctoaum Wall. in Iltuto.) To vvhome, magistralis cura concessa est à Pontifice: The magistrall chardge was committed by the

Pope. How renowned this man was in this kinde, as also S. Dubritius in the like case, hauinge a thousand schollers, as our Prote∣stant testifie. (Caius supr. p. 145.146. Bal. l. de script. centur. 1. in Dubrit. & Iltuto. God∣vvin Catalog. S. Dauid. 1. Bal. cent. 1. in Macceo.) And Macceus a disciple of S. Pa∣tricke beeinge accused at Rome, was con∣strayned to purge himselfe there, edito libel∣lo Romanae vrbis pontifici satisfecit, and satis∣fied the Pope of Rome in his booke publi∣shed to that purpose.

Neither without great cause, were these duties performed to the Pope from hence, or hee did require them singularly of the Bri∣tans in this time: for these our Protestants assure vs, that the Pope in those daies, clai∣med and exercised that their highest spiri∣tuall power, ouer all churches, and parsons how eminent soeuer, temporall or spirituall, For to insist in these mens very words. (Io: Bal. l. 2. de Act. Rom. Pont. in Hilario. Rob. Barns in vit. Pontif. Rom. in Hilar.) Hila∣rius decreta synodalia fecit, & per vniuersum mundum seruanda, publicauit. Pope Hilary (about the yeare 142.) did make synodall decrees, and published them to bee kept

throughout the whole world. Faelix Achatiū Cōstantinopolitanum episcopum vna cum Petro Eutichiano excommunicat, quod Eutichianum exilium propter baeresim puisum, reuocauerat. Pope Faelix the third, did excommunicate Achatius patriarke of Constantinople with Peter an Eutichian heretick, because he had recalled an Eutichian, that for heresie was exiled. Gelasius Anastasium Imperatorem à coetu Christianorum exclusit, quòd Achatio & alijs haereticis faueret. (Idem in Gelasio) Gela∣sius the Pope, did exclude Anastasius the Emperor from the companie of Christians, because hee fauoured Achatius and other hereticks. And they further tell vs, (Balaeus & Barns in Anastasio 2.) how Pope Anasta∣sius the second, did alsoe excommunicate the same Emperor for the like. Soe it is euident by this our English Protestants, that the Popes of Rome in al this age both claymed, and exercised this their supreame spirituall power and commaunde in this kingedome of Britanie. And because the kingedome of Ireland is now belonging to the crowne of greate Britanie, and S. Patricke (generally called the Apostle of that nation) was borne in this our Britanie, and sent to Ireland by

the same Pope Celestine, whoe sent S. Pal∣ladius Germanus and Lupus hither, I must say some-what of him, and his proceedings in this matter.

The very name of the Apostle of Ireland which is giuen vnto him in all Antiquities, and that hee was thus sent from the Pope of Rome, Saint Celestine, with that highe spirituall power requisite in such a case of the conuersion of soe greate a contrye, will sufficiently warrant the dependance of the same in spirituall things of the Apostolicke See of Rome. For to speake nothinge of his miraculous & powerable proceedings with greate opposites vnto him, remembred by the writers of his life and others, Nennius himselfe is thus farr a witnesse for this re∣nowned Saint and Irish Apostle. (Nennius in manu-scripto codice antiq. in Patricio.) San∣ctus Patricius Euangelium Christi externis na∣tionibus per annos 40. Praedicabat, virtutes A∣postolicos faciebat, caecos illuminabat, leprosos mundabat, surdos audire faciebat, daemones ob∣sessis corporibus fugabat, mortuos numero vsque nouem suscitauit, captiuos multos vtriusque se∣xus proprijs donis redemit, scripsit Abegetoria 300. sexaginta quinque, aut amplius, eccle∣sias

quoque eodem numero fundauit, trecentas sexaginta quinque, ordinauit Episc•…•…pos 365. aut amplius, in quibus spiritus Dei erat, presby∣teros autem vsque ad tria millia ordinauit, & duodecim milia hominum in vna Regione Con∣achta ad fidem Christi conuertit, & baptiza∣uit, quadraginta diebus totidemque nocti•…•…us in cacumine montis Eile ieiunauit. S. Patrick did preache the ghospell of Christ 40. yeares to externe nations, hee wrought Apostolicall miracles, hee made the blinde to see, cleansed lepers, caused the deaffe to heare, draue away deuills from possessed bodies, hee raised to life nyne deade parsons, hee redeemed ma∣ny captiues of either sexe, with his owne goods, hee wrote Abegetories 365. or more, hee founded churches in the same number, three hundred sixtie fiue, hee ordeyned three hundred three score & fiue Bishops or more, in whom there was the spirit of God, hee or∣deyned preists to the number of three thou∣sande, and hee conuerted to the faith of Christ and baptized, twelue thousand men in one Region called Conacht, hee fasted fourtie dayes & soe many nights in the topp of the montaine Eile.

Thus this auntient Brittish Author com∣paring

this holy Bishop S. Patrick, to Moy∣ses in fower thinges: first for his speakinge with an Angell, in rubo, in a bushe: second∣lie for his fast of fourtie dayes and nights: thirdlie for the yeares of his age 120. fourthlie for the place of his buriall vn∣knowne. By which narration of Nennius soe auntient, and recommended an Au∣thor, that S. Patricke did consecrate soe manye preists and Bishops, especiallie a∣aboue three hundred and threescore holy Bishops, when the fourth part of them could not bee employed for these Ilands of Britanie and Ireland, it is an euident argument, that his legatine power from the See Apostolick of Rome, did not con∣fine it selfe in these Ilands, but extended it selfe to other parts farr off, which wee now call America, because neyther Fraunce nor any nation in the old continent, was then subordinate to Britanie, or Ireland, to re∣ceaue Bishops and preachers from them. And this Nennius seemeth to insinuate, when hee sayth Saint Patricke preached the ghospell, externis nationibus, to externe and straunge nations, the Popes power spiri∣tual rechinge vnto all Regions, & this is cō∣firmed

by the writers of the life of S. Bren∣dan, whoe as both an old manuscript which I haue seene (an old manuscript in the life of S. Brendan.) written diuers hundreds yeares since; and Iohn Capgraue, (in Catal. in S. Brendan.) whoe wrote longe before, (and was published in print an. 1516.) the late discouerie of America, are witnesses, founde in diuers places, manie dayes saylinge from Ireland, in America and Ilands belonging vnto it, diuers religious Christians that came thither in the time of S. Patricke, and sent or brought thither by him. And the Iland called still S. Brendan, in those parts, may seeme to haue taken, and still to keepe the name from that holy Saint, beeinge there in those his holie trauailes. Insul. Sancti Brendani in descript. Amaric. apud Abrah. Ortel. & alios.

And yet to conclude the labours of Saint Patrick, and his testifyinge the spirituall prerogatiue of the Roman See here in Brita∣nie, where hee was borne, these Protestants haue before recommended his epistle vnto vs, wherein hee declareth, that as Saint Phaganus, and Deruuianus (Damianus by others) obteyned ten yeares Indulgence of S.

Eleutherius for the holy place of Glastenbu∣rie. (Antiquit. Glasten. apud M. S. antiq. Ioh. Capgrau. & al. in S. Patricio.) soe hee ob∣teyned of S. Celestine Pope, whoe sent him into these parts, twelue yeares of Indulgēce for the same place. Et ego frater Patricius, à piae memoriae Caelestino Papa duodecimo annos Indulgentiae acquisiui. And to make all cleare, that neither S. Palladius, S. Germanus, and Lupus, or S. Patricius did any thinge in these parts, nor any vnder them, but by the Popes actuall or virtuall approbation, or allowan∣ce, thus it is testified by our Protestant hi∣storians in these words. (Raphael Holinsh. Iohn Hooker histor. of Ireland pag 53.)

Palla∣dius Landed in the North of Ireland, when∣ce hee escaped right hardly with his life, into the Iles adioyninge, where hee preached the ghospell, and conuerted noe small number of Scots to the christian faith, and purged that part which was christened from the in∣fection of the Pelagians. Hee was required by the Scots that inhabited here in Britanie, to leaue the Iles, and come ouer vnto them, there to Instruct the people in the way of true saluation, to the which with the Popes Licence, hee seemed willinge enough, and

the Bishop of Rome the more redily condis∣cended thereunto, for that in the instant ti∣me, when Palladius was to depart, and Pa∣trick attended at Rome, suinge for licence to bee sent into Ireland, the Pope therefore graunted that Palladius might passe ouer to the Scots in Britanie, and appointed Patricke to goe with authoritie from him into Ire∣land.

Thus wee see all ecclesiasticall things, ordered and disposed here by the Popes au∣thoritie in this age.