An exposition of the festiuall epistles and gospels vsed in our English liturgie together with a reason why the church did chuse the same / by Iohn Boys ... ; the first part from the feast of S. Andreuu the Apostle, to the purification of Blessed Mary the Virgin.

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Title
An exposition of the festiuall epistles and gospels vsed in our English liturgie together with a reason why the church did chuse the same / by Iohn Boys ... ; the first part from the feast of S. Andreuu the Apostle, to the purification of Blessed Mary the Virgin.
Author
Boys, John, 1571-1625.
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London :: Printed by Eduuard Griffin for William Aspley,
1615.
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Subject terms
Church of England -- Liturgy.
Bible -- Liturgical use.
Bible. -- N.T. -- Epistles -- Commentaries.
Bible. -- N.T. -- Gospels -- Commentaries.
Link to this Item
http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A16556.0001.001
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"An exposition of the festiuall epistles and gospels vsed in our English liturgie together with a reason why the church did chuse the same / by Iohn Boys ... ; the first part from the feast of S. Andreuu the Apostle, to the purification of Blessed Mary the Virgin." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A16556.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed June 19, 2025.

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The Epistle

EHES. 4.7.

Vnto euery one of vs is giuen grace, according to the measure of the gift of Christ, &c.

SAint Paul doth especially d 1.1 two things in all his E∣pistles. 1. treate, 2. entreate. Hauing sufficiently trea∣ted in the former Chapters of doctrinals, he commeth in this present to morals; entreating his Ephesians in ge∣nerall, to walke worthy of the vocation whereunto they were called: in more particular, to support one another thorough loue, keeping the vnity of the spirit in the bond of peace: pressing this one point with arguments of e 1.2 two sorts.

The first (of which epist. 17. Sund. after, Trin.) is taken from such things as are common vnto the whole Church, as being in all the faithfull one and the same, there is one body, and one spirit, and one hope, one Lord, one faith, one baptisme, one God and father of all, which is aboue all, and through a, and in you all. As if he should argue thus, if the Church your mother bee but one, God your father but one, Christ your Lord but one, the holy spirit your comforter but one, if ye haue but one hope, one faith, one baptisme: I see no cause why ye should not liue together and loue together as all one, labouring to keepe the vnity of the spirit in the bond of peace.

The second, (contained in our present text.) is taken from such graces as are in euery one diuerse, f 1.3 shewing that this inequality of gifts is not an hindrance, but ra∣ther a furtherance to vnitie: for asmuch as all of them are giuen by the same author for the same end. Vnto e∣uery one of vs is giuen some gift, vnto none all, he that hath most hath but a measure. As then in the naturall body, g 1.4 the eye can not say to the hand, I haue no need of

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thee: nor the hand againe to the feet, I haue no need of you: but euery part seeketh anothers and not his owne good. Euen so in the Church (which is Christs mysticall body) God made not all Apostles, or all Prophets, or Euange∣lists, &c. but some Apostles, some Prophets, some Euange∣lists, &c. There be diuersities of gifts, and diuersities of administrations, and diuersities of operations, 1. Cor. 12. euery one standeth in need of anothers gift, and there∣upon is occasioned to support one another in loue, pre∣seruing the vnity of the spirit in the bond of peace. See epist. 2. Sun. after Epiphan. and 10. after Trinity.

In the whole 4. points are to be consi∣dered espe∣cially.

  • 1. Who, Christ, and that is proued out of the 68. Psal. verse 18. hee led captiuitie captiue, and gaue gifts vnto men.
  • 2. When, when hee ascended vp on high, euen aboue all heauens to fulfill all things.
  • 3. What, hee made some Apostles, some Prophets, some Euangelists, &c.
  • 4 Why, for the perfiting of the Saints, for the worke of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ.

Concerning the first: in that our Apostle doth auowe here that the diuersity of grace bestowed on the Church is the gift of Christ, whereas he saith elsewhere that God the father ordained Apostles, and Prophets, and teachers, and that the spirit worketh ad these things, vnto euery one seuerally distributing as he will: we may learne two con∣clusions in diuinity. 1. h 1.5 That all the workes of the sa∣cred Trinity quoad extra without it selfe▪ are common and communicable to euery person of the three. 2. That God the sonne is i 1.6 equall in might and mercy to God the father, he being ascended aboue all heauens is the giuer of gifts vnto men: and here we must accord the Prophet and our Apostle. The one saith, he receiued gifts for men, the other, he gaue gifts vnto men: and these two seeme to contradict each other. k 1.7 Answere is made that Dauid

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speakes of this deuotion in time to come, but Paul of thi donation already past and accomplished; Dauid of the promise, Paul of the performance. l 1.8 Or Christ as he was God gaue gifts in he••••••n and as man he re••••••ed gifts on earth: or he receiued m 1.9 in that his members recei∣ued: according to his owne saying, Mat. 25.40. n as much as ye haue done it vnto one of the least these my bre∣thren, yee haue done it vnto mee: or he receiued n 1.10 to giue, as Exod. 25.2. Speake to the children f srael that they re∣ceiue an offering for me, that is (according to the transla∣tion of our o 1.11 present Church bible) ••••at they bring where reioycing (as p 1.12 Abbn Eza notes) is giuing, and so Paul alluding rather to the q 1.13 sense then to the words of Dauid saith he 〈…〉〈…〉.

Touching the second point: it is demanded how Christ is said here to haue made some Apostles and some Prophets &c. When he went 〈…〉〈…〉 and led captiuity aptiue, seeing wee reade in the Gospels history, that he chose his r 1.14 Apostles and s 1.15 Disciples, and gaue them a commission to preach in his life time; and that after his resurrection he confirmed them in his office by t 1.16 brea∣thing on them, and giuing the holy Ghost, and saying, as my father sent mee: euen so send y ••••, u 1.17 goe teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the father, and the sonne, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the holy ghost. Answere may bee, that Christ is reported in this Scripture to haue giuen Apostles vnto the Church after he went vp on high, in respect of their gifts, extension, and 〈◊〉〈◊〉.

Extension, as hauing after Christs ascensou receiued the gifts of the holy ghost after a more glorious man∣ner, and in a farre greater measure. So the x 1.18 text the ••••∣ly ghost was not yet giuen, because that Iesus was not yet glorified, and y 1.19 If I goe not away, the comforter will not come vnto you: but if I depart I will send him vnto you. And Christ at his ascension also charged them to waite for this promised power of the holy ghost. See gosp. Sun. after ascension day.

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Otension, and that 1. in respect of the z 1.20 solemne in∣auguration into their Apostleship, on the feast of a 1.21 Pen∣tecost in the sight of Gods people gathered together at Hierusalem out of euery nation vnder heauen. It is re∣ported of Dauid that he was first annointed King of Is∣rael in the middest of his brethren, 1 Sam. 1.10. and after∣ward in Hebron 2. Sam. 2. But hee was not called King vntill he was annoynted solemly before all the tribes of Israel. 2. Sam. 5. Euen so, though it bee granted that the Apostles were nominated and elected to their office be∣fore Christs death, and confirmed in their calling after Christs resurrection; yet they were not apparantly knowen vnto Gods people to bee so, till he went vp on high and gaue the gifts of the holy Ghost vnto them in the visible formes of clouen and fierie tongues, Acts 2.3. see. epist. on Whisunday.

2. Ostension, in regard of execution of their office, for albeit they had a commission before to preach first vnto the b 1.22 lost sheepe of Israel, and then vnto all nati∣ons in the world, Mat. 28.19. yet they did not execute this commission in gathering together a Church out of both vnto God, c 1.23 vntill Christ had ascended farre aboue all heauens to fulfill all things: and the reason hereof is rendred in our text, because Dauid had so prophesied of him in the 68. Psalme, when hee went vp on high he led captiuity captiue and gaue gifts vnto men. And in deed it was at this time most fit for him, and best also for his, to giue gifts, it was exceeding fit for himselfe, because glorious conquerours in their solemne triumphes vsu∣ally lead their chiefe enemies settered either in iron chaines, as d 1.24 Paulus Aemilius triumphed ouer Persius: or in iron cages, as e 1.25 Tamberlane the great, vsed proud Batazet king of the Turkes. And so leading captiuity captiue, they deuided the spoile to their friends and fol∣lowers as it is in the f 1.26 Psalme, Christ ascending on high led captiuity captiue, g 1.27 that is, the diuell and all his com∣plices, hell, death, and the graue, triumphing ouer them

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openly. Giuing also gifts vnto the Church, as Apostles, and Prophets, and Euangelists, and Pastors and Teachers, who might h 1.28 loose such as Satan i 1.29 bindes: and it was at this time 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for his followers, as not depending any longer vpon his bodily presence. See Gospell 4. Sun. af∣ter Easter.

The 3. remarkable point in this Scripture is what he gaue to men, vnto euery one is giuen grace, according to th measure of the gift of Christ, &c. He doth vnderstand by grace not liuing grace, for that (as he shewed in the former art of this Chapter) is in all the members of the Church one and the same: one faith, one hope, one bap∣tisme, &c. * 1.30 But 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 is taken here for 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 namely for the diuers gifts of the holy Ghost, as inter∣pretation of tongues, and discerning of spirits, and the gifts of healing, propheie, the word of knowledge, and the like, of which hee disputeth at large, 1. Cor. 12. and so Paul * 1.31 expoundeth himselfe in our present text at the 11. verse, the same made some Apostles, some Prophets, some Euangelists, &c.

Apostles were such as he called himselfe (either in his state mo••••all, as the 12. disciples: or in his state glori∣ous, as Paul Acts 9.15. and Matthias Acts 1.16.) to preach his Gospell, and to plant his Church in euery nation of the world. Prophets were such as * 1.32 interpret the scripture of the Prophets. 1. Cor. 14.4. He that pro∣pheseth, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Church▪ and Mat. 23.34. I hold. I send vnto, * 1.33 Prophets, that is preachers. * 1.34 Or Prophets were such as had maruelous wisdome, and could fore∣tell things to come, as Agabus Acts 11.28. signified by the spirit that there should be great famine thorough o all the world which also came to passe vnder Clau∣dus Caesar. Eungelits are so called either of preaching the Gospell, and so * 1.35 Paul exhorted Timothie to doe the worke of an Euangelists or else of * 1.36 writing the Gospell, and so there ee but 4. Euangelists only, Mathew, Marke, Luke, Iohn. And here we may note the reason

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why the Church appointed this scripture to be read at this time, namely, because Saint Marke was an Euan∣gelist. Pastours are such as are placed ouer a r 1.37 certaine cure, whereas Apostles had the whole Church for their charge, So s 1.38 Paul speakes vnto the Elders of the Church at Ephesus, take heed to your selues, and to all the flocke whereof the holy Ghost hath made you ouer seer. And so t 1.39 Bishops in their dioces, and u 1.40 Priests in their parishes are Pastors. Or as x 1.41 Theophylact, Pastors and Doctors are Presbyters and Deacons. Or (as some y 1.42 late Diuines ob∣serue, Pastors are rectors of the whole congregation, Doctors are catechists, and teachers of the youth and o∣ther new comes into Christs schoole. Pastors are such z 1.43 as feed Christs sheepe, and Doctors are such as feede Christs lambes: or (as a 1.44 Beza) Pastors are they who go∣uerne the Church▪ and Doctors are they who gouerne the schooles. But I rather embrace their opinion b 1.45 who think Pastor & Doctors are diuers names of one office, c 1.46 euen as feeding and teaching are all one: for otherwise Paul (as Hierome, Lombard, Anselmo haue noted vpon the place) would haue distinguished them as he did the rest, and haue said, he gaue some Pastors, some Teachers: as well as some Apostles, some Prophets; some Euange∣lists, &c. but he ioyneth them together Pastors and Tea∣chers, d 1.47 insinuating that Pastors should teach, and that (as our Church speakes) both by their preaching and liuing, ensamples in word, in conuersation, in loue, in spirit, in faith and purenes, 1. Tim. 4 12.

e 1.48 Some Diuines obserue that these functions are part∣ly temporall and extraordinary, as Apostles, Prophets, Euangelists: and partly continual and ordinary, as Pa∣stors, and Teachers: but herein I tread in the steps of that holy father my most honoured and honorable master Archbishop Whitgift, who f 1.49 writing against the schis∣matickes of his age saith, and proueth out of this our present text also, that all these degrees of ministers re∣maine still in some sort vntill the worlds end. For first

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(as Nouelists acknowledge) Paul in this place maketh a perfite platforme of a Church, and a full rehearsall of all offices therein contained, and he saith expresly that Christ ascending vp on high gaue them for the gathe∣ring together of the Saints, and for the worke of the mi∣nistry, &c. tell we all come to the vnity of the faith, and knowledge of the sonne of God, vnto a perfect man, vnto the measure of the full age of Christ. That is, as Caluin, Zanchius, and g 1.50 other, vntill wee meet in that other world to come.

I know there were certaine things in the blessed Apo∣stles which were proper vnto themselues, as their imme∣diate calling from God, the power of working miracles and their commission to goe into the whole world, &c. but to preach the Gospell of Christ in places where need requireth (although it be not peculiarly commit∣ted to them) or to gouerne the Churches already plan∣ted: I see no cause why it should not be perpetuall a∣mong the Ministers of the word.

Likewise the function of an Euangelist, if it be taken for the writing of the Gospel, it was temporal and hath his ende. But if it be taken for preaching to the people plainely and simply, as h 1.51 Bullinger thinketh: or gene∣rally for preaching the Gospell: as i 1.52 Musculus supposeth, in which sense Paul said vnto Timothie, do the worke of an Euangelist: or for preaching more zealously then o∣ther, as k 1.53 Bucer imagineth; I make no doubt but that it still remaineth in the Church.

Moreouer, Prophets if they bee taken for such as our Apostle meaneth in his l 1.54 Epistles often, I say for such as haue an especiall gift in interpreting the Scripture, whe∣ther in vnfolding the deepe mysteries thereof vnto the learned, or in expounding the plaine sense thereof vnto the people: then it must of necessity be granted that they be perpetuall officers in the Church as Pastors and Doctors.

Saint m 1.55 Ambrose therefore construeth our text thus,

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Apostles are Bishops, Prophets are Interpretours of the Scriptures, Euangelists are Deacons. And n 1.56 Hyperius saith that God will alwayes haue these degrees in the Church, and Peter Martyr in his Commentaries vpon the 12. to the Romanes is of opinion, that our Apostle describeth in that place such gifts as are necessarie for the Church at all times, among which hee mentioneth (as a chiefe one) prophesying. To be short, Bullinger vp∣on this text obserues that the words Apostle, Prophet, Euangelist, are confounded: and the Pastors of Zurich, in the latter confession of o 1.57 Heluetia chap. 18. write thus, the mnisters of the new testament are termed by diuerse names, for they be called Apostles, Prophets, Euangelists, Bishops, Elders, Pastors and Doctors.

And here p 1.58 Protestant Diuines haue well obserued a∣gainst the Church of Rome, that Paul among all these degrees of the ministry, names not the Popes office, the which he would not haue forgotten, if it had bin so ne∣cessary for the deciding of controuersies, and preserua∣tion of vnity in truth, as our aduersaries pretend. And whereas the Rhemists reply that Bishops, Elders, & Dea∣cons are not mentioned in this catalogue: q 1.59 Answere is made that the functions of Bishops and Priests, (as they respect the externall gouernment and policie of the Church) are named elsewhere generally and particular∣lie: but in respect of teaching (which is intended here more principally) they are contained vnder Pastors and Doctors. If the Pope will be reputed an Apostle, then (as Cardinall r 1.60 Caietane notes) he must also be both a Pro∣phet, and an Euangelist, and a Pastor, and a Teacher, for (as he saith) an Apostleship eminently comprehendeth all these graces: it may be granted (as I conceiue, which Anselme collecteth here) that Archbishops and Primates haue the roomes of Apostles in the Church, but yet I see not how the Pope can be crouded into the text: for if this absolute supremacie were necessary, then assuredly Paul would not haue said Christ made some Apostles,

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some Prophets, some Euangelists, &c. But rather Christ gaue to the Church * 1.61 one Apostle, some Prophets, and many teachers.

The fourth and last obserueable point in our text is, for what end Christ ascending vp on high gaue gifts vn∣to men, and that is threefold. Namely,

  • the Perfecting of the Saints.
  • the Worke of the Ministry.
  • the Edifying of the body of Christ.

s 1.62 The first concernes such as are called already, Saints. The second, such as are to cal, exercising the worke of the ministry to wit, Apostles, Prophets, Euangelists, &c. The third, such as are yet to be called, and to bee built vpon the foundation of the Prophets and Apostles. t 1.63 Or the first concernes the people, the second the Pastour, and the third both.

For the edifying of the Saints] I finde diuerse readings of this clause. Some reade ad u 1.64 constitutionem, or ad x 1.65 condendos sanctos, agreeable to the present text of our Communion book here. The Saints are of Gods y 1.66 hous∣hold, and the Church is Gods house, Hebr. 3.6. The chiefe builders where of vnder Christ are Apostles, Pro∣phets, Pastours and Teachers, as I haue shewed Epist. on Saint Thomas day.

z 1.67 Other reade ad instaurationem, for the repairing of such as are decayed in Gods building. a 1.68 The iust man falleth seuen times, b 1.69 in many things we sinne all, c 1.70 eum dicimus optimum qui peccat minimum. And therefore that we may not fall from grace finally, wee need daily to be d 1.71 repaired and vnderpropt in Gods house by the powerfull exhortations of Pastors and teachers.

Our new translation (herein agreeing with the Syri∣ae and vulgar Latine) reades for the perfecting of the Saints. And it may be so construed in two respects: first in regard of their daily growing from e 1.72 strength to strength, vntill they bee perfect men in Christ: for the word is f 1.73 profitable to teach, improue, correct, and to in∣struct

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in righteousnesse, that the man of God may bee perfected, & throughly furnished vnto all good works. 2. g 1.74 For that their number is fully perfected and accom∣plished by the preaching of Apostles, Prophets, Euan∣gelists, Pastors, Teachers. According to this exposition the Geneua bible hath it, for the gathering together of the Saints. All of vs are by nature like h 1.75 sheepe which haue gone astray; wherefore Christ as being the i 1.76 chiefe sheepheard, gaue some Apostles, some Prophets, some E∣uangelists to gather vs together from k 1.77 East and West, and to bring vs vnto his flocke, that there may bee but l 1.78 one sheepfold and one sheepheard. His sheepe heare his voice, Pastors and teachers vttering his words, are his m 1.79 voice; he made therefore for the gathering toge∣ther of his elect some Apostles, some Prophets, some E∣uangelists, &c.

n 1.80 Other reade ad coagmentationem sanctorum, for the ioyning and ioynting of the Saints. He speaketh of the Church as of a body consisting of Gods elect as of ma∣ny members, a body coupled and knit together by euery ioynt, vers. 16. And therfore whereas the Saints through Adams originall transgression, and their owne actuall offences are many times out of ioynt, disunited from their head Christ, and diuided also from his members; it pleased the Lord, out of his infinite wisedome and goodnes to giue some Apostles, & Prophets, and Euan∣gelists, &c. As Chirurgions and Physitians of the soule, who might by the preaching of faith vnite them againe to their head, and by the preaching of good workes knit them together among themselues in the bond of peace. And here you may note the true cause why the worst men and members of a parish, euermore regard a good Pastor least. It is because they bee feet, and legs, and thighs, and hands out of ioynt, & so cannot endure the touch of the Chirurgions hand, whose chiefe care is to worke their cure. He that is sicke of a lethargie, de∣sires to sleepe although he die for it; and hee that is lul∣led

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asleepe in sinne, cannot away with the o 1.81 watchman of God. If a Minister shall either out of weaknesse suf∣fer his drowsie people to snore stil in their vncleannesse, or out of wickednesse sleepe with them a little himselfe; then hee may peraduenture for a while bee reputed a good shepheard among those scabbie sheepe: but if he shall once rouze them, and raise them out of their se∣curity, saying with p 1.82 Paul, awake thou that sleepest, and stand vp from the dead; then instantly the wit-foundred drunkard cryeth out, q 1.83 way with such a fellow from the earth, it is not meet hee should liue, for hee r 1.84 subuerts the state of the world, and s 1.85 troubleth our city. Then the co∣uetous oppressor is ready to tell the Prophet, as t 1.86 Ahab did Eliah. Hast thou found me O mine enemy? Then the whole rabble furiously raging together against the Lord, & against his annointed conclude peremptorily, that apeece of a pulpit is enough, & halfe a benefice too much for such an vnquiet spirit. S. u 1.87 Augustine sweet∣ly, Quiphreneticum ligat, & lethargicum excitat, ambo∣bus molestus, ambos amat.

For the worke of the ministry] The gifts of Christ here mentioned are not theoricall, but x 1.88 practicall, giuen vn∣to Pastors for the worke of the ministry, y 1.89 the word worke forbids loytering, and the word ministry lording. I pray misconstrue not this glosse, seeing I meane as z 1.90 Paul, and speake as B. Latimer did almost in euery sermon. Domabis lupos, sed non dominaberis ouibus, as a 1.91 Bernard told Eugenius.

For the edifying of the body of Christ] b 1.92 The gift of the spirit is giuen to euery man to edifie withall; hee there∣fore that is a non edificant, is vnworthie to bee called an Apostle, or Prophet, or Euangelist. c 1.93 Positiestis dispen∣satores, sed in edificationem, non in destructionem: aliter non fidelis dispensatio, sed crudelis dissiptio. The Do∣ctors office is to teach, and the Pastors calling to feed. Our great Lord repeated this iniunction vnto d 1.94 Peter thrice, feed my lambes, feed my sheep, feed my flock, that

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is, as e 1.95 Bernard excellently, pasce mente, pasce ore, pasce o∣pere: pasce animi oratione, verbi exhortatione, exempli exhibitione. And here the people likewise may learne to reuerence their Pastors and teachers, as the Ministers of Christ sent from aboue to f 1.96 watch for their soules. If they must g 1.97 honorare bonum dominum etiam in malo ser∣uo, respect euery Prophet, and Euangelist, and Pastor for his workes sake, 1. Thessal. 5.13. then vnto such as rule wel, and labour in the word and doctrine, they must (as our h 1.98 Apostle speakes) giue double honour.

Notes

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