This present boke shewyth the manere of hawkynge [and] huntynge and also of diuysynge of cote armours. It shewyth also a good matere belongynge to horses: wyth other co[m]mendable treatyses. And ferdermore of the blasynge of armys: as here after it maye appere.

¶Here begynnyth the blasynge of armes

I Haue shewed to you in this booke afore how gen∣tylmen began. & how the lawe of armes was fyrst ordeyned. and how many colours there ben in cote armours. & the dyfference of cotamours wyth ma¦ny other thynges that here nede not to be reher∣cyd. Now I entende to procede of sygnes in armes & of the bla¦syng of armes.

But for to reherce all the sygnes that ben borne in armes: as Pecok Pye Backe Dragon Lyon & Dolfin / & flou¦res & leeues it were to longe a taryenge: ner I can not do it: the¦re ben so many. But here shall shortly be shewed to blase all ar∣mes yf ye entende dylygently to your rules. And by cause the crosse is moost worthy sygne amonge all sygnes in armes / at y^e crosse I woll begyn. in whyche the noble & myghty prynce kyn¦ge Arthur had grete truste / soo that he lefte his armes that he bare of .iij. dragons. & ouer that a nother shelde of thre crownes & toke to hys armes a crosse of syluer in a felde of verte / and on y^e ryght syde an ymage of our blessed lady wyth her sone in her arme. & wyth that sygne of the crosse he dyde many merueyles after. as it is wreten in the bokes of cronycles of his ded ys Al∣so I haue redde this sygne of y^e crosse to be sende from god to y^e blessyd man Marcuri / as Vincencius sayth (in spcl̄o historiali) of y^e merueylous dethe of Iulian thappostita emperour .li^o.xv^o. he sayth: thangel brought vnto the forsayd Mar∣cury all armour necessary w^t a shelde of asure & a crosse flury with .iiij. roses of golde. as here in this shelde.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And I fonde neuer y^t euer ony armes were sende from heuen: but in theym was the sygne of y^e crosse. ¶Eexcept in tharmes of the kynge of Fra∣unce / the whyche armes certaynly were sent by an angell from heuen / that is to saye: thre floures in manere of swerdes in a felde of asure. as it shewyth here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

y^e whyche certen armes were geuen to the forsayd kyng of Fraunce in sygne of euerlastynge trow∣ble and y^t he & his successours alway w^t batayle & swerdes sholde be punysshyd /

¶I aske here mo questyons of the crossys sygne

NOW I torne agayn to the sygne of the crosse and aske a questyon: how many crosses ben borne in armes. to the whyche question vnder a certen nombre I dare not an∣were. for crosses innumerable are borne now dayly. but decen∣dynge to euery crosse y^e whiche afore tyme I haue seen as ferre as I can I entende to discryue. amonge whom fyrst the playne crosse shalbe discryued / of the whiche crosse mo dowtes ben ma∣de than of many other crosses. for asmoche as wyse men in bla∣syng of armes holde for a very rule: y^t ye must begyn to blase at the lowest poynt of the shelde. yf the poynt be of one colour & soo y^e colour y^t is in the poynt of the shelde is the felde of the ar¦mes. ¶But in that rule to remeue awaye all doubtes. ye must marke dylygently: that. y^e rule is true wyth a lytyll addycōn. y^t is to wyte that in armes to be blasyd it is alwaye to begyn at y^e point of the shelde: yf the poynt be of one colour / that is true: yf the colour of the poynt be more copious or gretter in those ar∣mes. & thenne wythout doute ye shall begyn there. or elles not. And where the coloures be equall parted other one lengthe or ouer whart then̄ euermore ye shal begin to blase those armes in y^e ryght syde. & in y^t case ye shall haue no respecte to y^e poynt ¶And yf it be asked how beereth saynt George. it is to be kno∣wen that ye must say (Latine) ¶Portat vnū scutūde argento cū quadaz cruce plana de rubio (Galli∣ce (¶Il port dargent vne croys playn de geulles (Anglice (¶He bereth a felde of syluer wyth a pla¦yne crosse of gowles. as here it it apperyth in thise armes

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

¶And the same manere of wyse are all cros¦ses hauynge a playne crosse to be blased Therfore they erre y^t saye saynt George beerith the felde of gowles with iiij. quarteres of siluer of whom y^e reeson I lowe not. for bi thos reesons a playne crosse sholde neuer be founde in in armes ner welny no difference in armes /

¶Of a crosse of an equall lengthe on euery parte.

A Playn crosse is founde in armes dyfferyng from y^e fyrst crosse. and it is of an equall lengthe on euery parte / as it

apperyth here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& thise armes ben harder than theother to blase as it is open. For thendes of thys crosse to wchyth not the hēmys or the vtter parte of the shelde in no parte: in the whiche ye shal say y^t he y^t beeryth thise armes (Latine in) ¶Ille por¦tat de asuro cū vna cruce plana aurea equal̄ lon∣gitudīs ex om̄i {per}te (Gallice (¶Il porte dassur v∣ne croys playne dung longeur {per} tout (Anglice) ¶He beryth a∣sure wyth a playn golden crosse of equall length on euery part. & this is the dyfference in blasynge. y^t all thendes of this crosse are of equall length / y^e whiche may not be in the plain crosse afo¦re. for the fote is the lengest parte & it be well made. And this difference shal apere better in a cotarmour than it doth in a shel¦de. And so there is an euident difference betwyx the two crosses aforsayd /

¶Of a playne crosse streyte

THere is a nother crosse equall streyter in y^e middes than in thendes wyth open corners as here:

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

not towchyng y^e vtterest part of y^e shelde in ony parte ther¦of. & it is called a crosse patent. And ye shall say y^t he y^t beryth this crosse beryth in this manere (La¦tine sic (¶Ille portat vnā crucē argentatā patē¦te in cāpo nigro (Gallice (¶Il port de sable vne croys patee dargent (Angelice sic) ¶He beryth sa¦ble a crosse paty of syluer /

¶Of a crosse patent fixibyll.

THis crosse patent is made dyuers in the fote of the same as it aperyth here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& then̄e it is called a crosse patent fyx¦ible. for in thende suche a crosse maye be pitched in y^e whiche crosse thre of y^e hyer partes are open in the corners & broder than in the myddes. and his fote is dysposed to pytche in therth (Latine (¶Ille portat de rubio cū vna cruce figitiuade al¦bo (Gallice (¶Il porte de geulles vne croys pa¦tee fichee dargent (Anglice) ¶He bereth geulles

and a crosse paty fixible of syluer. And knowe ye y^t there be ma∣ny crosses the whiche may be made fyxible as it shall be shewed here folowynge in dyuersly /

¶Of a playne crosse corded.

EMong other crosses is one founde the whyche is callyd a corded crosse / as here it is shewed in this crosse the whi¦che is called a corded crosse:

[illustration]

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

for it is madeof cordes. whyche certen crosse I sawe but late in tharmes of a noble man: the whiche in very dede was somtyme a crafty man a roper as he himsel¦fe sayd. And ye shall say of him y^t beeryth thise ar¦mes: Latine: ¶Ille portat gowlles cū vna cruce plana cordata de argento: Galice sic: ¶Il porte de geulles & v∣ne croys playne cordee dargent: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth geul¦les and a crosse playne corded of syluer.

¶Of a crosse playne perforated

THere is a nother crosse playne whiche merueylouly fro the playne crosse of saynt George dyfferyth as here ap¦ryth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& here it is to be merkyd: y^e thoppy∣nyon of some mennes sayeng is. y^t thise armes be checkred armes. And this opynyon is vtterly to be repreuyd / for armes maye not be checkred but at y^e leest in the nōbre of .iiij. & in a gretter nōbre they may wel be made. as afterwarde shalbe she∣wed. Therfore it is to be sayd: Latine sic. ¶Ille portat vnā cru¦cez argenteā perforatā in campo nigro: Gallice sic: Il porte de¦sable vne croys dargent partiee: Anglice: ¶He beeryth sable and acrosse perforatyd of syluer.

¶Of a besantyd crosse.

OVer thyse crosses we haue a nother crosse whiche I sawe late in tharmes of a certen Ianuens: as here it shewyth

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And this is callyd a besant crosse / for it is made all of besantes. And suche a crosse maye be made assoone wyth lytyll cakes as wyth besantes. For besantes and lytyll cakes dyffere not but in colour. For besantes ben euer of golden colour. ne the colour

of the besant shall be expressed in blasynge of ar∣mes.for it nedyth not to saye: a besant of golde. for there ben no besantes but of golde Therfore it is to be sayd: Latine sic: ¶Ille portat vnā cru¦cem talentatā in campo rubio: Gallice sic: ¶Il port de geulles vne croys besauntee: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth gowles & a crosse besanted.

¶Of a crosse flurry

NOw folowyth a nother crosse flurry. whiche is so callyd as it aperyth here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And therfore it is called a florysshing crosse. for it hath floures in euery ende vp¦warde / that is to saye saue the foote. This crosse flurry somtyme is borne in armes fyxabyll. And thende is called in armes a crosse flurry fyxabyll For in thre of his endes he is florysshyng & in y^e fote pitchablyl or fyxabyll. Therfore it is to be sa¦yd of hym that beeryth it: Latine: ¶Portat vnā crucem auream floridā in campo asored: Gallice: ¶Il porte de asur vne croys flouretee dor: Anglice: ¶He bereth asure and a crosse flurry of golde.

¶Now here shall be shewed of a crosse flurry patent in armes.

NOw folowyth a nother crosse whyche is callyd a crosse flurry patent. as here it apperith /

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it is called a crosse flurry patent / for he hath his endes openand in the myddes of euery ende apperyth a no∣ther thyrde in y^e manere of a floure as it is open∣ly shewed in this crosse. Therfore it shall be sayd that the berer of thyse armes: beryth in this wyse as folowyth: Latine: ¶Portat vnā crucem flori¦dam patentem de auro in campo asureo: Galli∣ce sic: Il port de asur vne croys flouretee dor: Anglice: ¶He beeryth asure wyth a crosse patent flurry of golde.

¶Ye shall vnderstonde here of a playne watery crosse.

MOrouer ye shall vnderstonde that there is a nother pla¦yn crosse: whiche certenly is callyd a watry crosse. & it is called a watry crosse / for it is made by the manere of wa¦ter troubled wyth wynde. as here it shalbe shewed in thyse armes.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

Therfore he that beeryth thyse ar¦mes bereth in this wyse as it shall be shewed: La¦tine: ¶Portat vnā crucem planā vndosam de ar¦gento in cāpo rubio: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte de ge¦ulles vne crois playne vndee dargent: Anglice sic ¶He beeryth gowles & a playne watry crosse of syluer.

¶Also there is a crosse that is callyd inueckyd

IN armes also are founde mo crosses whiche are made of colours inueckyd or indentyd as here in this crosse appe¦ryth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it is callyd a crosse inueckyd forcause that it hath two colours / one put in to a no∣ther. And of hym that beeryth thise armes ye shal saye thus: Latine: ¶Portat vnā crucem planam inuertam de coloribus albis & nigris in campo ru¦beo: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte de geulles vne croys playne verre dargent & sable: Anglice: ¶He bee∣reth gowles & a crosse of syluer and sabled inueckyd.

¶Of a nother manere crosse y^t is callyd a crosse croslet.

YEt foloweth a nother crosse whiche is called a crosse cros¦sit or croslet. and it is callyd cross it for in euery ende it is crossid as here apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

But this crosse is not soofte born in armes by himself as other crosses / ne¦uertheles many tymes it is born in dyminutiues that is to saye in lytyll crosses crossyd / And then̄ tharmes are powdryd wyth lytyll crosses crucya¦tyd. And ye shall saye thus of hym that beeryth thyse armes: Latine: ¶Ille portat vnam crucem cruciatam de argento in campo afored: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte de asur vne croys dargent: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth asure & a crosse crosset of syluer. ¶And whan suche crosses are born and

put in armes as I sayd afore in dimynutyues & wythoute ony certen nombre / thenne they are callyd in frensshe crossettes

¶Morouer there is a crosse masculatyd as here folowyth.

WYte ye wel yet that there is a nother crosse whiche is cal¦led a crosse masculatyd as here it apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& this crosse is callyd a crosse masculatyd / for he is made of mascules of whiche certen mascules ye shall se afterwardein the chapytre of fusyllys masculyd & losynges: where this matere shall be more playnly treated. And he y^t beeryth thise armes beerith as it is she∣wed here after: Latine sic: ¶Portat vnā crucem masculataz de argento in campo asereo: Gallice: ¶Il port dasur vne croys masculee dargent: An¦glice: ¶He beeryth asure & a crosse masculatyd of syluer.

¶Also there is a crosse masculatyd and perfo∣ratyd as here.

BE it knowe: y^t this crosse masculatyd somtyme is perfo¦ratyd in the masculys / as it is open in the persynge here folowynge.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And thus ye must blase hym.Latine sic: ¶Ille portat vnam crucē masculataz perforatam de rubio in scuto argented: Galice sic ¶Il porte dargent vne croys de geulles mascu∣lee persee: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth syluer wyth a crosse of gowles masculatyd persyd.

¶There is a myllars crosse as here it shall be shewed

HEre folowith a nother crosse whiche is callyd the crosse of a myller /

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for it is made to the symylitu¦deof a certen instrument of yren in mylles whiche beryth the mylstoon / by the whiche instru¦ment y^e stone in his course is born equally y^t he de¦clyne not ouer moche on y^e ryght part ne on y^e left parte: but mynystrynge to euery parte that y^t is his equally & wythout frawde. & this is geuen to

Iuges to bere in theyr armes: and to those that haue Iurisdic∣cōn vnder theim / That is to saye: as the forsayd Instrument is dyrecte to the mylle stone equally & wyth one gyle / Soo those Iuges are bounde to yeue equally to euery man his right. And it is to be sayd that the possessour of thise armes beereth in this wyse: Latine: ¶Portat vnam crucem molendinarem argente∣am in campo rubeo: Gallice: ¶Il porte vne croys moleyne de argent: Anglice: ¶He beeryth gowles and a myllars crosse of syluer.

¶Now it shall be shewed of a crosse y^t is tornyd agayn.

CErten we haue a crosse whyche is callyd a crosse tornyd agayn. and this crosse is callyd retornyd: for the cause y^t thendes of this crosse on euery syde are re¦torned agayn by the manere of a rāmys horne.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& he y^t beryth thyse armes beryth in this wyse fyrst Latine: ¶Portat vnam crucem aureā inuersam in scuto alured: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte de asur vne croys reuersee dor: Anglice: ¶He beeryth asure wyth a crosse reuersyd of golde.

¶Of a crosse forkyd

VNderstonde ye that there ben other men whyche bere in theyr armes a certayn forkyd crosse as this is.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it is called forkyd: for asmoche as that all then¦des of it are clouen and forkyd. Therfore it shall be sayd of those men that beeryth thyse armes in this wyse: Latine: ¶Portat vnā crucem furcataz de auro in campo alereo: Gallice: ¶El porte de asur vne croys dor: Anglice: ¶He beeryth asure wyth a crosse forkyd of golde.

¶Of a crosse engraylled or engradyd

ALso there ben certen noble men whyche beere a crosse en¦gradid or engraylid. as it apperyth here folowyng.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And

it is callyd a crosse engraylyd: for it is not playnin ony part of hym but engraylyd also well ouer his lengthe as ouer his brede. Neuertheles this engraylyng is no propre langage after the sight of this crosse: but rather an endentynge as tru∣the is But it is the comyn manere of spekyng in thyse armes. Therfore ye must saye as I sayd afore / & ye shall saye of hym y^t beeryth thyse armes in this wyse: Latine: ¶Por∣tat vnā crucem ingradatam de albo in cāpo rubio: Gallice: ¶Il porte de geulles vne croys ingradee dargent: Anglice: ¶He be¦ryth gowles and a crosse ingralyled of syluer.

¶Of a crosse cutoff.

I Fynde yet a nother crosse whyche is born many tymes in tharmes of noble men. the whiche is called a crosse trū¦catyd. & it is called trūcatyd for it is madeof .ij. trees the bowes cut away: as here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

Therfore it is to be sayd y^t the possessor of thise armes bee∣ryth: Latyne: ¶Portat vnā crucem truncatā de argento in campo rubio: Gallice: ¶Il porte de geulles vne croys recopee dargent: Anglice ¶He beeryth gowles wyth a crosse truncated of syluer.

¶Of a knotty crosse.

KNowe ye yet after thyse crosses there is a nother crosse whyche is called a knotty crosse: the whyche in certen is callyd so for it hath in euery ende certen knottes as here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it is to be sayd of hym y^t beeryth thi¦se armes: Latine: ¶Portat vnā crucem aureā no dulatā in scuto asoreo: Gallice: ¶Il porte dasur vne croys boutōnee dor: Anglice: ¶He beeryth asure wyth a crosse knotty of golde. ¶And this crosse is founde otherwhile pytche or figitiue in armes / and thenne his fote is figitiue as I sayd afo∣re.

¶Of a crosse flurry knottyd.

OVer thise crosses we haue a certen crosse flurry of the whi¦che it is spoken afore. the whyche crosse flurry is founde knotty as here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And that is as I sayd aforewhan knottes are founde in thendes & thangles of y^e sayd crosse. & the berer of the sayd armes (La¦tine) ¶Portat vnā crucē nodulatā floridā aureā in cāpo de asuro (Gallice sic) ¶Il porte dasur v∣ne croys flouretee boutōne dor) Anglice) ¶He beeryth asure & a crosse flurry knotty of golde.

¶Of a crosse dowble pertited /

A Crosse double is founde in in tharmes of diuers noble men? y^e whyche certen crosse is called a dowble pertited crosse. For yf it be diuyded or parted after y^e long way or the brode way: yet there abideth one dou¦ble crosse / as we may se here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

Yet I haue seen ma¦ny noble men dowtyng of this crosse more than of ony crosse aforsayd: the whiche neuertheles af¦ter long disputacōns in thoppinyon aforsayd res¦ted & concluded. Therfore he y^t beerith thyse armes (Latine sic) ¶Portat vnā crucē duplicatā argenteā in cāpo nigro (Gallice sic) ¶Il port sable vne croys double partie dargent (Anglice sic ¶He beeryth sable & a crosse dowble partited of syluer.

¶Of a crosse dowble partited florysshed

THis crosse double partited is varyed somtyme: & thenne it is called a crosse double partited florysshed as here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

ne¦theles it is called a crosse flurry inproperly as so¦memen saye: for it faylyth the myddes of y^e flou¦re as anone it shall folowe in the nexte armes. y^e whiche certen myddes by no manere of wise in y^e crosse double partited may be. as anone it shal be shewed. But he that beereth thyse armes (Latine ¶Portat vnā crucem duplam pertitā auream in campo rubio / Gallice / ¶Il port de geulles vne croys double partiee floretee dor. Anglice. ¶He beeryth gowles & a crosse dowble partyted flurry of golde /

¶Of a crosse tripartited florisshyd.

BVt as is shewed afore this crosse is called a crosse double partited florisshed for there fayleth y^e myddes of y^e crosse by the whyche the crosse florysshed is made perfyt. as here it is open.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

y^e whyche certen myddes put therto: it shall not be cailed a crosse dowble per¦tited florisshed: But rather it shalbe called a crosse thre folde pertited flurry. & then̄e it is well blased. for & it be diuyded after y^e longnes or after y^e bro∣denes. alway one part shall abyde tripertited in y^e myddes of the crosse: as it is open in tharmes afore wreten. And therfore he y^t beeryth thyse armes (Latine) ¶Portat vnā crucez tri{per}tito de argento in cāpo de asuro (Gallice) ¶Il porte daseur vne croys troyffoys {per}tiee flouretee dargent (Anglice sic) ¶He beeryth of asure w^t a crosse tripertited floree of syluer /

¶Of a Myllars crosse shadowed or vmbrated.

A Doubte there is yet of a certen shadowe of a Myllars crosse as it shewyth here folowynge.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And knowe ye y^t it is callid a shadow of a crosse / for euermore this sha¦dowis made of blacke colour. of what someuer co¦lour the felde be of. the shadow is made of blacke. & the body of the same shadow is of the same colour wyth the felde. And he y^t beeryth thise armes (Lati¦ne (¶Portat vnā crucem vmbratā in cāpo aureo) Gallice) ¶p Il ort dor vne croys mōnyer vmbre (Anglice) ¶He beeryth of golde wyth a Myllars crosse vmbra∣tyd or shadowed.

¶Of a crosse floree patent vmbratyd /

A nother sample is seen of thūbracōn of a cer¦ten crosse, & this crosse is called a crosse flo¦ree vmbrated: as apereth here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

but truly speking & {pro}perly it is no crosse: but a shadow of suche a crosse & the reason is. for y^e body of the sayd shadow is of the same colour wyth the felde. And so the colour

that is in the felde shewyth by all the body of the sayd shadowe ¶And those that beere thyse armes (Latine (Portant vnaz cru¦cem floridam patentem vmbratam in campo rubeo (Galice sic) ¶Il porte de geules vne croys patee floretee vmbree (Anglice sic) ¶He beeryth of gowles & a crosse patent flore vmbratyd /

¶Of a crosse flory patent vmbratyd & perforatyd /

NEuertheles after some men this shadowed crosse other∣whyle is percyd merueyllously as it folowyth here:

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

and thenne it is called a crosse flory patent vmbratyd & per∣forated: for it accordeth wyth the crosse precedyng except the percynge in the myddes of the sayd sha¦dowe. ¶And thenne it shall be sayde that he the whyche beeryth this crosse (Latine) Portat vnam crucem floridam patentem vmbratam perforataz cum rubio in campo aureo (Et gallice sic) ¶Il por¦te dor vne croys patee floretee vmbree & parte de geules (Anglice) ¶He beeryth of golde a crosse patent flurry shadowed & percyd wyth gowles.

BLasours must beware of thyse armes vmbratyd / of the whyche many rules ben shewed afore. But for the bla∣syng of thyse certen armes some ygnoraunt men of this crafte take the rule goynge afore: that it to wyte of the colours transmuted as ye sawe afore. But there ben certain nobles and gentylmen in Englonde the whyche beere shadowes dyuers in theyr armes: as Lyon Antlop & other. and they that beere thyse armes / and it be a lyon: ye shall saye in latyn (Portat vnum leo¦nem vmbratum in campo aureo) Gallice ¶Il porte dor et vng¦lyon vmbree (Anglice) ¶He beeryth of golde & a lyon vmbra∣tyd. ¶And men saye that suche persones as bere thyse vmbra∣tyd armes had theyr progenytours beerynge the same not vm¦bratyd but hole But the possessyons & the patrymonyes des∣cended to other men. thenne the neuewes or kynnesmen liuyng in good hope & trustynge to haue the possessions of theyr pro∣genytours: bere theyr armes vmbratyd. alle other dyfference aforsayd leuynge. for whan they haue that patrimony: y^t they

they trustyd on. soone they maye beere that lyon or other beest of the same colour the whyche theyr progenytours bare. and it is better to beere those armes vmbraryd: than holy to leue the∣yr progenytours armes.

¶Yet here folowyth a nother crosse hēmyd or borderyd as ap∣peryth

A Grete doubte yet remayneth ayenst blasours of armes in difference betwyx this crosse fimbratid or bordryd. as here now aperyth

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& the forsayd crosse vm¦bratyd.in somoche that they are moche lyke. and it apperyth in the fyrst syghte y^t they ben but one but & a man beholde well there is a grete dyfferē¦ce. for the bordre of this crosse is varied aswel fro the colour of the crosse as fro the colour of the fel¦de. & elles there is no doubte. Therfore it shall be sayd of hym that beeryth thyse armes in this wyse: Latine sic: ¶Portat vnā crucem nigraz perforatam floridā patentem fim briatam siue borduratā cū argento in campo rubio: Gallice sic ¶Il port de gulles vne croys flouretee patee periee de sabull bourde dargent: Anglice sic: ¶He bereth gowles wyth a crosse flurry patent persyd of sable borderyd wyth syleuer.

¶Now folowyth an ermyn crosse as it shall be shewed.

FOr certen there is an ermyn crosse. and it is a merueyll¦us crosse / of the whyche there was a dysputacōn at Lon∣don by a certen Heroude of Brytayne. And it was deter¦myd that thyse armes may be in none other colo¦ur but as here it apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And this crosse is cal∣lyd an ermyn crosse. And it shall be sayd of hym y^t beryth thise armys in this wise as it shall folowe: Latine: ¶Portat vnā crucem ereminalem: Gal∣lice sic: ¶Il port vne croys arminee: Anglice sic ¶He beeryth a crosse ermyn. And here ye must note y^t the colour in thyse armes shall not be expressyd / for thys crosse neyther thyse armes maye not be made but of thyse colo¦urs. that is to saye allone of blacke and whyte the whyche are

the propre colours of thyse armes.

¶Suffycyently is spoken of Crosses afore. now folowyth an other treatise of dyuers armes quartryd as here shalbe shewed

OF armys quarteryd some armes quarteryd playne So∣me quarteryd engradyd. Some quarteryd irrasid. Som̄ quarteryd inueckyd. Some quarteryd indentyd of y^e whi¦che it shall be spoken eueryche one after other. and fyrste of the armes playne.

¶It shall be shewed fyrste of armes quarteryd playne.

THre manere of wise armes maye be quarteryd. The fyrst maner is open: whan two dyuers armes are bor¦ne quarterly / as it is open & playne in the armes of the kynge of Fraunce & of Englonde.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And ye shall saye of hym that beeryth thyse armes thus as folowyth: Latine: ¶Ille portat arma regis francie et anglie quar¦teriata: Et gallice sic: ¶Il porte lez armes de Frannce et de Angleterre quarteles: Anglice sic ¶He beereth the armes of Fraunce and Englonde quarterly. ¶And it shall not be tedious to no man that Fraunce is put before Englonde in blasynge / but y^e cause is this: for the armes of Fraunce in armes ben put afore. And we haue a generall rule / that whan someuer in armes be two colou¦res or moo in the poynt of the shelde thenne ye shall not begyn at the poynt to blase: but in the ryght parte or syde of those ar∣mes. that same colour there founde in y^e ryght syde of the shelde is not the felde of the armes / for it may fortune it is not the gre¦test colour in tharmys aforsayde: but lesse or wyth other equall And nethelesse ye shall begynne toblase there.

¶Of armys quarterly borne now it shall be shewed

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

THe seconde manere of wyse of be¦rynge quarteryd armys is whan four dyuers armes quarterly be born̄ / as here is shewed. And he y^t beryth thyse armes bereth foure dyuers armys quarterly: Latine sic: ¶Ille port at qua∣tuor arma diusa quarteriata: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte quatre armes dyuerse quar∣telees: Anglice: He beereth foure armes dyuers quarterly. And thenne yf it be as∣ked how thyse armys sholde be blasyd.

The blaser must begyn̄ in the hyest corner ouer the ryght syde procedyng to euery armes. tharmes in the right syde blasyd: ye must goo to the other syde: & thenne to the thyrde syde / & after to the laste. And ye must knowe that thyse armys rehercyd afo¦re ben playne armes quarteryd.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

THere is a nother manere of bee∣ryngof armys quarteryd / whan ij. armes quarterid ben born̄ quar¦terly. & it is borne moost in tharmys of quenes / And so bare that noble quene of Englonde: quene Anna wyfe to y^e ryall prynce kyng Rycharde the seconde / whi¦che bare tharmes of Englond & of Fra¦unce & of themperour of Almayne quar¦terly: & in .xvi. partes / y^t is to saye in the ryghte syde of the shelde in the fyrste quarter she bare tharmys of Fraunce / thre flourdeluces of gol∣de in a felde of asure. And in the seconde quarter thre lyberdys of golde in a felde of gowles. And in the thyrde quarter an egle wyth two neckes. And in the fourth a lyon rampynge in a felde of gowles. And so changeably she bare thise armys in .xvi. quar¦teres whyche selden is seen in ony armys.

¶Of armys quartryd & engraylyd now it shall be shewed.

NOw I shewe you that some tyme we haue armys quar¦teryd & engraylyd. that is to wyte whan euery armys in his quarter is engrayllyd: as here apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it shall he sayd of hym y^t beryth thyse armys thus: Lati∣ne:¶Ille portat de auro et rubio arma quarteri ata & nigra data: Et gallice sic: ¶Il porte dor et geulles quarterlee engraylee: Anglice sic: He bee rith of golde & gowles quarterly engraylyd. And they are called armys engradyd for they are ma¦de of two colours: the whyche gradydly are bro∣ughte togyder one colour in to a nother colour.

¶Of armys quarteryd and irrasyd now I woll speke.

CErten armys there ben quartryd & irra∣syd: as apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

the whiche certen armes are dealed quarteryd armes irrasyd. For the colours ben rasid out as one colour in rasyng were take away from a nother. And it shal besayd of hym y^e bereth thise armes: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma quarteriata irrasa de albo et nigro: Gallice ¶Il porte dargent et sable quartlee irrase: Anglice sic: ¶He be¦ryth syluer and sable quaterly irrasyd.

¶Of armes quarteryd inueckyd now here it shall be shewed.

THere ben yet foūde armes quarterly inueckyd: or as so¦me saye they ben army quarteryd of colours inueckyd: as here aperyth /

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

whyche forsoth are callyd armes quar¦teryd inueckid or of colours inueckid. For in the∣ym are two colours quarterly put: the one in to y^e other. And so one colour is inueckid into a nother Therfore it is sayd of hym that beryth thyse ar∣mys in this wyse: Latine: ¶Ille portat quateria¦tim de asurio et auro inuect{is}: Gallice: ¶Il porte quarterlee verre dasur et dor: Anglice: ¶He be∣ryth quarterly inueckyd of asure & golde.

¶Now of armys quarterid indentyd it shall here be shewed

QVarteryd armes be founde dyuers whyche are callyd in¦dentyd: as here apperyth /

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

and they are callyd indentyd for two colours one in to a nother by y^e ma¦ne of teeeth are indentyd: as it is open in the shel¦de. And thus ye shall blase theym: Latine: ¶Por¦tat arma quarteriata indentata de rubio et auro: Gallice: ¶Il porte quartelee endentlee de geul∣les et dor: Anglice: ¶He beryth quarterly enden¦tyd of gowles & golde

¶Of armys partyd after the longe waye here 〈…〉〈…〉

I intende now to determyn of armys partyd after the lon¦ge waye: whyche certen partyng after the longe way or on lengthe is made many manere of wise. The fyrst per¦tycōn forsoth is of two colours in armys after the longe waye in y^e playne manere. ¶There is also a partynge of armys of two colours ingradyd. ¶And also there is a partynge of two colours irrasyd. ¶And also forsoth there is a partynge of two colours inueckyd. ¶And there is a nother partynge of two co¦lours indentyd. ¶There is also a partynge of two colours clowdyd or nebulatyd. ¶And more ouer there is a partyng of two colours watery.

FYrste I shewed to you that there ben certen armys par∣tyd after y^e longe waye of two colours in y^e playne waye as here apperyth in thise armes.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And they are callyd partyd armys{punctel} for they ben made of .ij. colours equally partyd. And he y^t beryth thyse ar¦mes bereth thus: Latine: ¶Ille portat arma per¦tita plana scdm longū de asorio et albo: Gallice: ¶Il port dasur et dargent playne partiee: Angli¦ce sic: ¶He beryth asure & syluer playne partyd.

¶Of armys partyd the longe waye ingraylyd I wyll shewe here.

ALso there is a pertycyon of armys engraylyd the longe waye as is sayd afore by engraylyng of two colours to¦gyder / as here apperith.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And thyse armys are callyd ar∣mys

engraylyd partid after the longe waye of sil¦uer& sable. And it shall be sayde of hym y^t beeryth thise armys: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma pertita se¦cundū longū ingradata de argento et nigro / Gal¦lice sic: ¶Il port dargent ingraylee et sablee par¦tice du long: Anglice sic: ¶He beerith syluer & sa¦ble ingraylyd parted after the longe waye.

¶Here now it shall be shewed of armys partyd & irrasyd.

THe thyrde manere of wyse are founde armys partyd of two colours & irrasyd: as here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

of the why¦cheit is to be sayd as afore of quarterid ar¦mys irrasyd. & he y^t beryth thise armys: beryth in this wise as foloweth: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma {per}tita scdm longū irrasa de argento et rubio: Gal¦lice sic: ¶Il porte partiee du long dargent et de geulles ralee: Anglice sic: ¶He bereth armes par¦tyd on lengthe of syluer & gowles irrasyd.

¶Of armes partyd y^e longe way & inueckid now I woll speke

THe fourth manere armys partyd are born after y^e long waye of two colours inueckyd: as here apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& thise armes ben called inueckid / for y^e colours be put one in to a nother rounde wyse. And thyse armys dyffere moche fro tharmys nexte beynge afore irrasyd. wherfore it shal be sayd of hym whiche bereth thy¦se armys thus as it shall folowe: Latine: ¶Ipse portat arma {per}tita scdm longuz de coloribus albo et rubio inuectis: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte {per}tiee ver¦ree du long dargent et de geulles: Anglice: ¶He beryth partyd inueckyd on lengthe of syluer & gowles.

¶Of armys partyd on y^e longe way & indentyd here shewyth.

CErtenly a nother manere of partyd armes there is whi¦che is callyd the fyfth manere partyd after y^e longe way of two colours. & thyse armys are callyd partyd inden∣tyd: for this cause / y^e two dyuers colours are put togyd{er}: that is

to saye: whyte and blacke put togyder after the manere of mennys teeth / as it is sayde afore in y^e quarteryd armys indentyd.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& therfor ye shall say of hym whyche beeryth thyse armys in this wy∣se: Latine: ¶Portat arma pertita scdm longū de argento et nigro indentata: Gallice sic: ¶Il port pertiee endentiee du long dargent et sable: Angli¦ce: ¶He beryth armys partyd indentyd on length of syluer & sable.

¶Of armys partid after the longe waye clowdy or nebulatyd

IN the syxt manere of wyse there ben armys born partid after y^e longe waye nebulatyd / as here it shall be shewed in this scochon.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And thyse armys ben cal∣lyd innebulatid: for two colours are put togyd{er} bi the manere of clowdes. Therfore the possessor of thyse armys beeryth in this wyse as it shall be sa¦yd: Latine: ¶Portat arma {per}tita scdm longū de argento et asorio innebulara: Et gallice sic: ¶Il port pertiee du long dargent et dasur innuee: An¦glice sic: ¶He beeryth armys partyd on lengthe of syluer and asure innebulatyd.

¶Of armys partyd watery of syluer & gowles this scochon is

MOre ouer after thyse armys aforsayd yet there ben born armys partid after the longe waye. & they ben watry as here in this scochon it aperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And thyse armys are cal¦lyd watry / for two colours are incaryed one in toa nother by the manere of water trowblyd wyth wynde. And ye shall saye of hym y^t beeryth thyse armys in thys wyse as folowyth: Latine: ¶Por¦tat arma {per}tita vndosa scdm longū de argento et rubio: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte partie du long dar¦gent de de geulles vndee: Anglice sic: ¶He bee∣ryth armys partyd the longe waye of syluer and gowles wa∣tery.

¶Now here I begynne to speke of armys partyd ouerwhart

HEre now foloweth to se of armes partyd ouerwhart. y^e whyche certen pertycōn ouerwharte is made as many wyse as is the pertycōn on lengthe. y^t is to saye on y^e pla¦yn way ouerwhart. ingraylid irrasid. inueckid. indentyd. innebu¦latid. & watery{punctel} wherfore of thyse certain shall beshewed by sygnes. And fyrste I begyn at playne armys ouerwhart: as here it shall be shewed.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it shall be sayd of hym that beeryth thyse armys in this wise: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma partita ex¦transuerso plana de auro et asorio: Et gallice sic: ¶Il port partie transuersie dor et dasur: Anglice ¶He beeryth golde & asure partyd ouerwhart. ¶Knowe ye that here is no doubte of that fyrste rule: that is to saye / that a man shall begyn at the poynt of the shelde to blase. for here is as moche colour of golde as of asure.

¶Of armes irrasid ouerwhart now here it shall be shewed.

NOw of a nother maner of particōn of colours in armes ouerwhart I wyll speke. & it is callyd irrasyd: as here it shall appere in this scochyon.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

of whiche it is to be sayd y^t the gentylman whyche beeryth thise armys bee∣rythin this manere as folowyth: Latine: ¶Por¦tat arma partita extransuerso irraso de auro et ru¦bio: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte partiee transuersee ir¦rasee dor et de geulles: Anglice: ¶He beryth ar¦mes partid ouerwhart irrasid of golde & gowles

¶Now of armys partyd ouerwhat ye shal haue ensample.

ARmys there be also endentyd ouerwhart & partyd. And they ben called indentid for their colours as is sayd afore are put one in to a nother bi the manere of mennys teeth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it shall be sa¦yd of hm y^t berth thyise armys in this wyse: Lati¦ne: ¶Portat arma {per}tita extransuerso indentata de auro et asorio / as afore is rehercyd: Gallice sic ¶Il port {per}tiee de trauers dor et dasur endentee:

Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth armes partyd ouerwhart indentyd of golde and asure. ¶And to reherce more of partyd armys ouerwharte it nedyth not / for it is rehercyd suffycyently in the rules nexte afore in ar¦mes partyd on lengthe. Therfore it shall not be rehercyd here ayen (qr inutil' est repeticō vni{us} ad eiusdē) And y^t is to say / It is an vnprouffytable rehercynge of one thynge to reherce y^e same ayen in y^e nexte sentence / Therfore to speke more of armys par¦tyd & fygure theym: other of ingraylyd or irrasyd: inueckyd in¦dentyd nebulatyd and vndatyd: it nedyth not / for they ben ta∣ughte suffycyently in the longe waye. And I byleue it shall be harde to fynde many moo armys partyd after the longe waye or ouerwhart than are rehercyd afore / Neuertheles yf ony be fo¦unde or seen: in theim that same rules shal be obseruyd as is re¦hercyd afore. And is ynough for al armes on that manere to be blasyd that ony gentylman beeryth partyd.

¶Of armys whyche are callyd Cheyf or an heed I woll shewe

Sothly certen men wolde that thyse armes after rehercyd shold be callid armys partyd. whyche certenly for y^t that there is no very pertycōn of the colours or ony lyknes of diuysion of colours. Certenly in armes partydit is requyred alwaye that the partes of the colo∣urs be equall. and that is not true in this fygure / for the more parte by moche is syluer.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

Therfore ye shall saye of hym that beryth thise armes thus Latine: ¶Portat de argento et capud scuti de aso¦reo cum duabus maculis perforatis de auro: Gal¦lice sic: ¶Ill porte dargent vne cheyffe dasur et deux molettes partyes dor: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth syluer a cheyff or a che∣frayne of asure & two molettes perforatyd of golde. ¶And ye shall knowe that in thise armes the rule afore wreten must be consydred / that is to saye: that at the Coon it is to be∣gyn to blase yf that colour of the Coon be gretter or more copy¦ous coloure in armys as it is sayd afore. And more ouer it is to be markyd y^t noo armes owe to be callyd partyd armys but yf they be made of two colours one partyd & no more. for armys

pal••d are not callyd: nor owe not to be callyd partyd armys al¦though they ben made of two colours. for those colours not all only ones but dyuers tymes are partyd: as here apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And thyse armys ben callyd partyd ar¦mys / for they ben made by the manere of palys. And it shall be sayd of hym that beeryth thyse ar¦mes: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma palara de auro et asoreo: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte pale dor et dasur: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth pale of golde & asure.

¶Of armys palyd vndatyd now here it shall be shewed.

PAlyd armys oftyme are founde vndatyd / that is to saye watry: as here apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And thyse ben callyd palyd ar∣mys vndatyd to the dyfference of barrydarmes vndatyd. the whyche armes barryd maye also be vndated as here after shal be shewed. And it shalbe sayd of hym y^t beeryth thise armes thus Latine. ¶Portat arma palata vndata vl vndosa de rubio et argento: Gallice: ¶Il port palee vn¦dee de geulles et dargent: Anglice: ¶He beryth paly vndatyd of gowles & syluer.

¶Of armys palyd crokyd & sharpe now I woll speke.

LOke & beholde how many manere of wyse thyse palyd armes ben borne dyuersly / as it is shewed in this boke.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And thise armes now shewed here ben cal¦lyd palyd crokyd and sharpe. For in thyse armys two colours paly are put togyder one in to a no¦ther crokyd & sharpe. Therfore it shall be sayd of hym y^e whyche beeryth thyse armes in this wyse: Latine: ¶Portat arma palata tortuosa acuta de nigro et argento: Gallice sic: ¶Ill port pale dan¦sete de sable et dargent: Anglice sic: ¶He beryth pale crokyd & sharpe of sable & syluer.

¶Of armys barryd playne now here it shall be shewed

HEre in this chapitre afore is determined of palid armes & in this chapitre now folowynge it shalbe determynyd of barryd armes. for y^e whyche it shalbe knowe y^t armes maye be many manere of wyse barryd. And the fyrste manere of wyse is playne barryd. as here appereth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And ye shall knowe y^t there ben certen armes barryd playne. & then̄ ye shall not ne∣de to saye in the blasynge of thyse armes: he bee∣rythplayne armes barryd. But in al other dispe¦ryng armes barryd: ye must nedys declare y^e bla¦synge of theym how those barryd armes dyffere fro playne. For some ben barryd wyth a lyon raū¦pyng or a greehounde or other beestes / And som̄ ben barryd & some powdryd wyth crosse croslett{is} molett{is} scresentes smale byrdes or other dyfference / But as for thise playne armes afore ye shall saye: Latine: ¶Portat arma barrata de argento & nigro: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte barre de ar¦gent et sable: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth barry of syluer & sable.

¶Of barryd armys vndatyd now I wyll shewe as apperyth.

KNowe ye for certen y^t armes barryd otherwhyle be bar¦ryd & vndatyd: y^t is to saye watry / as here it apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& they ben callyd barryd vndatyd: for theyben made of two colours metynge togyd{er} in ma∣nere of a flowinge water as it is open afore. And ye shall saye of hym y^t beereth thise armes in this wyse: Latine: ¶Portat arma barrata vndata de nigro et albo: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte barre vndee de sable et dargent: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth bar¦ry vndatyd of sable & syluer.

¶Of armes barryd & inueckyd ye shall haue example

BArrid armes inueckid are born of dyuers gentyll men as here is shewed.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& they are callyd inueckid: for in euery barre .ij. colou¦res are put inueckid in manere of a roūde way as is sayd afore. And he that bereth thyse armes be¦rech in this wyse: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma bar¦rata de coloribus rubeo et inuectis: Gallice sic:

¶Il porte barree verree de geulles et de argent: Anglice sic: ¶He beerith barry inueckyd of gowles & syluer. And I begyn wyth gowles / for y^e colour is the fyrste in the ryght corner.

¶Of armes barryd crokyd & sharpe as here after is shewed.

GEntyll men there ben certenly whyche beere armes bar∣ryd crokyd & sharpe as here it apperyth in thyse armys.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

and they ben called armes barryd for dyf∣ferenceof armes the same manere of wyse pasyd and they ben callyd crokyd & sharpe. for as it is sayd afore two colours are put togyd{er} crokidly & sharp̄. Therfore it shal be sayd that the lorde y^t be¦ryth thyse armes beryth in this wyse: Latine: ¶Ille portat arma barata tortuosa et acuta de nigro et auro: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte baree dantelee acute de sable et dor: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth barryd crokyd & sharpe of sable and golde.

¶Now it shall be shewed of armes that are bendly barryd.

THere ben forsoth certen armes bendly barrid. & they ben callyd bendly barryd. and for this cause they ben callyd bendly barryd. for two colours are togyd{er} in euery barre bendly as it is open here in thise armes.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And ther¦foreit shall be sayd of hym that beereth thyse ar∣mes in this wyse as folowyth: Latine sic: ¶Ipse portat arma bendaria de rubio et auro: Gallice: ¶Il porte barre bende de geulles et dor: Angli¦ce sic: ¶He beereth barry bendy of gowles and golde. ¶But neuertheles ye must dylygently attende in the blasyng of suche armes: as palyd barryd & bendyd. for & they ben not subtylly conceyued a man sodenly answeyrnge may lyghtly in those armes be dysceyued. For certenly those armes ben callyd palyd armes in the whyche are founde soo many palys of one colour as are of a nother. And yf the palys of bothe the colou¦res ben not equall those armes ben not palyd.

¶In dyuers armys of gentylmen ben founde two palys of o∣ne colour & thre of a nother / as here in thyse armys folowynge it shall be shewed.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

That is to saye: there ben threpales of gowles & two of golde / for of the colour of redde appereth thre partes in the shelde / & but two allone of the coloure of golde. Therfore the gentylman that beeryth thyse armys beeryth in this wyse. And thus ye shall saye of hym: Latine: ¶Portat duos palos aureos in campo rubeo: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte de geulles et deux palles dor: Anglice sic: He beeryth gowles & two pales of golde.

¶Here ye shall dilygently marke armys barryd & lees barryd

YE must also dilygently attende to the nombre of bothe two colours in armys palyd barryd or lees barryd: of y^e whyche barrys ye must beware whan they be founde in armys: as here it is shewed in thyse armys /

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

Forsuche lynes ben callyd lytyll barrys to the dyffe¦rence of lytyll barrys. And it shall be sayd that y^e gentylman whyche beryth thyse armys: beeryth in this wyse: Latine: ¶Portat vnā barram et du as barulas de albo in cāpo rubio: Gallice: ¶Il porte de geulles vne barre et deux barrelettes de argent: Anglice sic: ¶He beereth gowles one barre and two ly¦tyll barres of syluer.

¶Now I wyll speke of armys barryd & lytyll barres florys∣shyd

BEholde how the forsayd lytyll barres areother whyle made florisshingly: and then̄ they ben callyd florysshid / as here in thys scochon.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And they ben callid flourisshyd / for they be in manere of a flourdeluce. And ye shall say of hym that is possessor of thyse armys in this wyse as folowyth: Latine sic: ¶Portat vnam barrā et duas barulas floridas albas in scuto siue campo blodio: Galli∣ce sic: ¶Il porte dasur vne barriee et deux barrelettes florit de

argent: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth asure one barre and two ly∣tyll barrys florysshyd of syluer.

¶Now I entende to speke of bendys in armys: as here.

OTherwhyle there is born̄ in armys a bende as is founde ••n dyuers armes of certen noble gentylmen: as here now it shall be shewed.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And ye must knowe that it is callyd a bende the whiche begynnyth at the ryght corner or the horne of the shelde: and de∣cendith to the lefte syde of the same shelde / to the dyfference of fyssures or of lytyll stauys / of the whyche it shall be spoken after. And of hym that beeryth thyse armys ye shall saye thus as folow¦yth: Latine sic: ¶Portat vnam bendam de rubio in campo au¦reo: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte dor vne bende de geulles: Anglice: ¶He beryth golde & a bende of gowles.

¶Of lytyll bendys in armes now here is an ensample.

KNowe ye how afore it is sayd that certen lytyll barrys are borne in armys many tymes. On the same manere of wyse are born̄ lytyll bendes: as here it shall be shew∣ed.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And they be callyd bendyllys to the dyfference of grete ben¦dys: as it is open. And of hym that beryth thysethus it shall be sayd fyrste as here folowyth: La∣tine: ¶Portat vnam bendam et duas bendulas de auro in campo blodeo: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte de asur vne bande et deux bandelettes dor: An∣glice sic: ¶He beryth asure a bende and two ben¦dyls of golde. ¶And thyse bendyls are otherwhi¦le florysshyd: as is shewyd in the fygure afore in barrys. ¶And in dyuers armys thei ben founde that they ben chenyd. And so¦me ben powderyd wyth molettys. and some wyth other dyffe∣rence the whyche nedeth not to be fyguryd here.

¶Of armys palyd and bendyd now here it shall be shewed.

THe beste manere of wise certainly of berynge of dyuers armys in one shelde is in thise bendis beryng / for a man that hath a patrymony lefte by his fader: & other certen londes by his moder comynge to him / to the whi¦che londes of his moders are apropred armys of olde tyme. For it maye happe that thyse armys came to her by the waye & discent of her progeni¦tours. Thenne may the heyre & he lyste bere the hole armys of his fader in the hole shelde. And in suche a bende he may bere his moders armys: as here in y^e scochon afore aperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it shall be sayd of hym y^t be¦ryth thyse armys: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma palata de argen∣to et rubio cum vna benda de nigro: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte pa¦lee dargent et de geulles et vne bende de sable: ¶He beerith pa¦lee of syluer & gowles wyth a bende of sable. ¶And other whyle in suche a bende there is founde thre molet¦tes or macules of golde.

¶Of armys bende fusyllyd here now I wyll exemple.

MOreouer there ben founde in armes other certen bendis to some man straunge from thyse. And here I wyll shew to you a bende the whyche is callyd a bende fusyllyd: as here apperyth in this scochon.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it is callyd fu¦syllydfor it is made all of fusyllis / of the whyche certen fusylles more shall be spoken afterwarde. But he the whyche hath thise armys bereth: La¦tine sic: ¶Portat vnam bendam fusillatam de au¦ro in campo asorio: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte dasur vne bandee fusillee dor: Anglice sic: ¶He berith asure a bende fusyllyd of golde. ¶And this bende many tymes is borne wyth straungers: and specyally in Burgoyne.

¶Here now it shall be spoken of dyuers bordurys in armys.

BOrdures many and dyuers are founde in armys / and are borne of many noble men. Of the whyche some ben

playne some ingrayllyd: some talentyd: some playne pouderyd some checkeryd: some gobonettyd: some inueckyd of the whiche it shall be spoken eueriche one after other. And fyrste of playne bordurys I wyll speke as it aperith.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And the bor¦dureis callyd playne: whan it is made playne of one colour allone / as here in this scochon. And it shall be sayd of hym that is possessor of thyse ar∣mys: Latine sic: ¶Portat tres rosas rubias in campo argenteo cum vna bordura de rubio: Et gallice sic: ¶Il porte dargent trois roses de ge∣ulles et vne bordure de geulles: Anglice sic: ¶He beereth syl∣uer thre roses of gowles and a bordure of gowles.

¶Of armys borduryd & ingrayllyd now here folowyth exam¦ple.

ARmys wyth a bordure ingralyd other whyle are borne of certayne noble men: as now here is shewid in this sco¦chon.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

and suche a bordure is callyd a bordure engraylid for the colour of hym is putt gree by gree to thefelde of tharmys: as it is open here. And the pos∣sessor of thise armys beryth thus as foloweth: Latine: ¶Portat arma de auro fymbriata siue bordurata de nigro ingradata cum tribus macu∣lis perforatis de nigro: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte dor trois mullettes fortee de sable vne bordure ingrayle de sable: Anglice sic: ¶He beryth golde thre molettis perforatyd of sable and a bordure ingraylyd of sable.

¶Now of armys borderyd & talentyd I wyll shewe example.

THere is borne in armys a certayne bordu¦re talentid: as here /

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it is not necessa∣ry here to expresse the colour of the talen∣tis or besantis: for they ben euer of golde. And it shall be sayde of hym that beryth thyse armys in this wyse: Latine: ¶Portat vnum signum capi¦tale de rubio in campo albo borduratum cum ru¦bio talentatim: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte dargent vne cheueron

de geulles borduree de geulles talantee: Et anglice sic: ¶He beeryth syluer a Cheueron of gowles borduryd wyth gowles talentyd.

¶Of ••••m•••••• borduryd hauynge 〈◊〉〈◊〉 cheuerons of syluer. &c̄.

VNderstonde ye that certayne tymes a bordure is borne in armys powdrid dyuers wayes: other while wyth mo¦lettis: wyth rosis or wyth lytyll crossis: or with besantis or other wise. And it is callyd a bordure powdrid whan ony thynge is in that bordure: of whatsom euer sygne it be / as it is sayd afore. And thyse syg¦nes as roses molettis and other are not countyd for certayn nombre / For the nombre of that pow¦drynge excedyth the nombre of .ix. And thenne that bordure is callyd powdryd: as here.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And ye shall saye that the possessor of thyse armys beryth in this wyse as folowyth: Latine: ¶Portat vnum scutum de rubio cum duo¦bus signis capitalibus de albo et vna bordura puluerisata cum talentis: Et gallice sic: ¶Il porte de geulles deux cheuerons dargent et vne bordure de geulles pouldree talentee: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth gowles two cheuerons of syluer and a bordu¦re powdryd wyth besantys.

¶Yet there is a nother manere bordure that is callyd chekryd.

WE haue yet a nother bordure in armys whyche is cal∣lyd a bordure checkerid. And it is callyd a checkerid bor¦dure: for it is made of two coloures by the manere of a checker as here it apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it shal be sayd ofhym the whyche beryth thise armys in this wyse as folowyth: Latine sic: ¶Portat vnā crucem ru¦biam planam in campo argenteo cum vna bordu¦ra scaccata de nigro et argento: Et gallice sic: ¶Il porte dargent vne crois playne de geulles bordure checke de sable et de argent: Anglice sic: ¶He bereth syluer one croys playne of gowles a bordure chec¦keryd wyth sable and syluer.

¶Of bordurys gobonatyd now here is an example.

KNowe ye more ouer that yet besyde thyse armys y^e whi¦che I haue spoke afore with bordurys: there is a nother bordure that is callyd a bordure gobonatyd: as here it shall be shewyd in this scochon nexte folowynge.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it is cal∣lyd gobonatid for it is made of two colours quadratly Ioynid That is to saye / of blacke and white. And of hymthat beryth thyse armys ye shall saye as folow∣yth: Latine sic: ¶Portat de argento et duas ben¦das de nigro cum vna bordura de nigro et albo gobonata: Et gallice sic: ¶Il port dor deux ban¦de et vne bordure de sable et dargent: Anglice sic ¶He beryth syluer two bendys of sable wyth a bordure gobonatyd of sable and syluer.

¶And this same bordure bare that noble prynce: the duke of Gloucetre brother to that noble werryour and puissauunt kyn¦ge / kynge Henry the fyfthe. The whyche ryall duke bare in his armys: the hoole armys of Fraunce and of Englonde quarter¦ly wyth a bordure gobonatyd of syluer and sable: as it shewyth in dyuers places. ¶And to blace thyse armys it nedyth not to be rehercyd / for it is suffycyently taughte afore in dyuers pla∣ces.

¶Item of bordurys had in armys of colourys inueckyd

THere ben yet bordurys in armys of two colours inuec∣kyd / as here in this fygure apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it is callyd a bordure inueckyd for it is made of two colours togider inueckyd. And ye shal saye of hym the whyche be¦riththyse armes: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma quar¦teriata de rubio at auro cum vna bordura de ar∣gento et nigro simul inuectis: Et gallice sic: ¶Il porte quarterlee de geulles et dor aues{que} vne bor¦dure verre dargent et de sable: Anglice sic: ¶He beryth quarterly gowles and golde wyth a bor∣dure inueckyd of syluer and sable.

BVt in thyse bordurys there is a grete dyfference amon∣ge men: pretendynge theym experte and wyse in this scy¦ence / as specially it is open in the armys in olde tyme of the erle of Marche: whether they sholde be callyd bordures or not / as here in this fygure.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

¶And certayne men saye that men not puttynge a merueyllous dyf∣ference of blasynge saye / that the forsayde erle of Marche: the whyche was callyd Roger Morte∣mer whanne he liuyd bare armys in this wyse to saye: Latine: ¶Portauit arma palata barrata et contraconata de asorio et auro cum vno simplici scuto de argento: Gallice sic: ¶Il port pale barre gironnee de asur et dor et vne escu simple dargent: Anglice sic: ¶He beryth paly barry contrary coonyd of asure and golde wyth a symple shelde of syluer.

¶And this opynyon afore rehercyd in the blasynge pleysyd many a man: the whyche in no manere of wise may be true. For yf thyse armys as it is sayd afore were contrary conyd: thenne the lowest corner of the coone of the armis That is to saye the lowyst poynt of the shelde maye neuer be of one colour: as cer∣tenly it is of asure.

OVer thyse thynges afore rehercyd in thyse armys it is certayne that in alle armys contrary conyd all the coo∣nys of what someuer coloure the armys ben made they mete togyder coonally in the myddys of the shelde / As in the nexte fygure of the shelde openly it shall be shewyd. ¶wherfo¦re as it apperyth to my reason: trulyer they shall be blasyd on this wyse Excepte the gretter auctoryte / that the forsayd Erle of Narche beryth thus: Latine: ¶Portauit arma barrata et ca¦pud scuti palatum et angularum de asorio et auro cum quo∣dam scuto simplici de argento: Et gallice sic: ¶Il porte barree et vne chief palee cunnecte dasur et dor & vne escu simple dar∣gent: Et gallice sic: ¶He beeryth barry and a cheyff pale an∣gulatyd of asure and golde wyth a symple shelde ofe syluer.

¶Of armys contrary coonyd here I woll enfourme you.

THere ben yet forsoth dyuers noble men the whyche be∣te armis contrary conyd: as here in this scochon aperith

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& thise armys be callid contrary conyd for this cause / for all y^e colours of thyse armes mete togyd{er} at one co¦ne.that is to saye at the myddyst poynt of y^e shel¦de oonly. For euery body tryangulyd is more of lengthe than of brede / and namely conyd (vt pʐ) Therfore thoppynyon of those men the whyche sayd that tharmys afore rehercid / that is to wyte of therlys armys of Marche were palyd barryd and contrary conyd: is to be reprouyd. For soo moche that the conys of the forsayd armys acorde not: the whiche of necessyte shold acorde yf the forsayd opinyon were true. And of him that beryth thyse armys ye shall say: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma con¦traconata de blodio et albo: Gallice sic: ¶Il port girone dasur et dargent: Anglice sic: ¶He beryth contrary conyd of asure & syluer.

¶Of pilyd armys now here it shall be shewyd.

FOr asmoche as it is spoken afore of armes: in the why∣che the colours mete togyder in the myddist poynt on̄∣ly Now folowyth of certen armys in whyche thre piles mete togyd in one cone / as here in this fygure.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

&it shalbe sayd of hym whyche berith thyse armys Latine sic: ¶Portat tres pilas nigras in campo aureo: Gallice: ¶Il port dor tres pilliers de sable Anglice: ¶He beryth golde thre pilys of sable.

Of ballys in armys here now it shall be shewyd.

NEuertheles ye must consydre a dyfferen¦cein thyse blasynges of thyse armys afo∣re: and thyse that come after whanne ye blase theym in latyn tonge. For other whyle this terme (pila) in latin is take for to be a pece of tym¦bre to be putte vnder the pylar of a brydge or to suche a lyke werke as in thexample afore.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

& other whyle this terme (pila) is take for a certen rounde instrument to play with. whiche instrument seruith otherwhile to the honde

and thenne it is callyd in latyn (Pila manualis) as here. And other whyle it is an Instrument for the fote / and thenne it is callyd in latyn (pila pedalis) a fote balle. Therfore it shal be sa¦yd of hym that beeryth thyse armys: Latine sic: ¶Portat tres pilas argenteas in campo rubio: Et gallice sic: ¶Il por¦te geulles trois pellettes dargent: Et anglice sic: ¶He bereth gowles thre balles of syluer. ¶Certenly ye must marke that in this figure of ballys a man maye soone erre. Wherfore shortly it is to be knowen that su∣che ballys may haue all colours but the colour of golde. For & they ben of golden colours: they sholde be callyd talentis or be¦santis the whyche ben euer of golden colour.

¶Of tortellis or lytyll cakys.

THere ben also tortellis that ben lytyll ca¦kysthe whyche ben gretter than ballys & the armys be truly made: as here it is open.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And he y^t beryth thise armes beryth in this wyse: Latine: ¶Portat tres tortellas rubeas in campo aureo: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte dor et trois torteaulx de geulles: Anglice sic: ¶He beryth golde & thre cakes of gowles.

¶More ouer marke / that as well ballys in armys as cakys & besantis alway are hole rounde fygurys and not perforatyd.

¶Of fontayns or welles here I wyll speke.

NEuerthes there ben certen noble men whiche bere suche rounde fygurys / the whyche fygurys are callyd fontay¦nes or wellys: as here apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

The whi¦chefontaynes euermore ben of whyte colour for the thynge the whyche they represent. For they represent euermore the coloure of the water of a well the whyche is whyte. And of hym that be∣ryth thise armys ye must saye: Latine sic: ¶Por¦tat tres fontes in campo aureo: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte dor et trois fonteynnes: Anglice sic: ¶He beryth of gol∣de and thre welles.

¶Of tynges whiche be other rounde instrument / I wyll speke

AFter thyse rounde fygures afore rehercedthere ben certain fygures the whyche ben perforatyd: as be rynges / as here appe∣ryth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it shall be sayd of hym that beryth thy¦se armes: Latine sic: ¶Portat tres anulos au∣reos in campo nigro: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte de sable et trois annelettes dor: Anglice sic: ¶He beryth sable and thre rynges of golde.

¶Of Tractys in armys /

AFore it is sayd of bordures in armys. now folowyth to se of tractys or linys / and fyrste of a symple tracte. and they ben callyd tractis for asmoche as the felde remay¦nynge of the armys as well wythin as wythoutand a nother lyne is drawen of a nother coloure as here to the manere of a shelde.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And it it shal be sayd of hym that beryth thyse armys: Latine sic: ¶Portat vnum tractum simplicem planum au∣reum in campo asorio: Gallice sic ¶Il porte da∣sur vne trace playne dor: Anglice sic: ¶He bee∣ryth asure a playne tracte of golde..

¶Of a 〈…〉〈…〉ylyd on both the ••yd•••••••••• here is an ensample

A Tracte or a lyne other whyle is ingray∣lydon bothe the partyes: as here in this fygure apperyth.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And thenne it shall be sayd of hym that beeryth thyse armes in this wy¦se: Latine sic: ¶Portat vnum tractum ex vtra∣que parte ingradatum de auro in campo rubio: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte de geulles vne trasse in∣graillee de chacun coste dor: Anglice sic: He beryth gowles wyth a tracte engrayllyd on both the sydes of golde.

¶Or a tracte dowblyd & florysshyd it shall be shewed.

THis tracte is other while doublyd: as in tharmys of the kinge of Scotlonde / as here in this scochon apperyth. &

the forsayd kynge of Scotlonde beeryth in this wise fyrste thus: Latine: ¶Portat duplicem trac¦tatum cum floribus gladioli contrapositis et vno leone rapacide rubeo in campo aureo: Et gallice sic: ¶Il porte dor vne double transse floretee con¦traree et vne lyon ramppant de geulles: Anglice sic: ¶He beryth golde a dowble trace florysshyd contrary and a lyon rampinge of gowles.

¶Of tractys triplatyd and quatriplatyd otherwhyle.

ALso of thyse armys afore rehercyd I fynde more dyuer¦syte / for there ben certayn noble men whyche bere thyse tractys triplatyd: as here in this fygure.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

And some bere it quatriplatyd: as is foūde in dy¦uers armys. And ye shall saye of him that beryth thyse armes triplatyd th{us}: Latine: ¶Portat trac¦tum triplicatū de albo in cāpo aureo: Gallice sic: ¶Il port dor vne trasse triplee dargent: Anglice ¶He bereth golde a trace triplatyd of syluer.

¶O a tracte symple of two colours & inueckyd an ensample.

THere ben other noble men whyche bere a symple tracte of .ij. colours inueckyd: as here it shalbeshewed in this scochon. & the possessor of thyse armes beryth in this wyse as folowyth: La¦tine: ¶Portat vnū tractū simplicē de colorib{us} aso¦rio argenteo inuectis in scuto aureo: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte dor vne crasse simple varree dasur et dargent: Anglice sic: ¶He beryth golde & a trac¦te symple inueckyd of asure and syluer.

¶After tractys now it shall be spoken of fyssures or stauys

AFore thyse fyssures it is spoken of bendis and theyr dyf¦ference. Now it shall be spoken of fyssurys. the whyche certen fyssurys or stauys begyn in the lefte horne of the

shelde: and are drawe to the ryght parte of the shelde beneth to the dyfference of bendes the whiche begyn in the ryght horn̄ of the shelde and are drawe to the lefte syde of the shelde beneth. And this waye must the fyssure be drawe. as he¦re apperith in this fygure.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

¶And ye shall vnder¦stonde that thyse fissures dyffere asmany wayes as the forsayd bendes dyffere / But it nedyth not to be rehercyd: for it is playne shewed afore. ¶There be fyssurys or stauys playne ingradid inueckyd & fusyllatyd: as I sayd afore in the pla¦ce of bendys / And thyse staues bastardes are wont to beere: or namely they sholde beere theym. And thenne this fyssure is cal¦lyd a staffe / and in frensshe it is callyd a baston / But comynly it is callyd a fyssure for asmoche as he cleuyth his fad{er}s armes in two partes / for that bastarde, is clouen & dyuyded from the patrimony of his fader. And suche a bastarde is forboden to be¦re the hole armis of his fader for the reuerence of his blode. but his faders armys he maye beere wyth suche a staffe as is sayd afore: in sygne & fynall declaracōn of his bastardy and to y^e dyf¦ference of propre & naturall heyre of his fader. ¶And whan ye haue ony suche a playne fyssure or a staffe in armys or ingray¦lyd inueckyd or fusyllatyd: of that same staffe ye shall saye as a¦fore is rehercyd in the chapitre of bendys more playnly. And y^e bastarde whyche beeryth thyse armys possessyth on this mane¦re as now here folowith: Latine: ¶Portat vnam fissuram siue baculum aureum in campo asoreo: Gallice sic: Il port dasur et vne fees dor: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth asure and a fissure or a staffe of golde.

¶Now here I begyn to speke of armys heeded as it aperyth.

THere ben certen noble men whyche beere armys heeded as here it apereth.

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And ye must knowe that thise armys ben called heeded: whan the hyer parte of the shelde / that is to saye the heed is made of one colour or of moo than one. & that parte extendyth not to the myddes of the shelde: as aboue it shewyth by the shelde. ¶And know ye that in the heedyd ar∣mys is a good manere of beeryng of dyuers armys: as by for∣tune

some noble man hath many londis and gre¦telordshyp̄s by his moder: for the whiche londis he intendyth to beere tharmys of his moder. and so he may do / for it is ryghtwys. But he that dys¦cendyth of a noble fader / or of a gentylman. by y^e whyche he had ony symple patrymony / Thenne suche a noble man and he wyll: may beere the ho∣le armys of his moder in the lower parte of his shelde / and in suche an heed as I sayd afore he maye and he wyll beere y^e hole armys of his fader. And it shall be sayd of hym that beryth thy¦se armys in this wyse: Latine sic: ¶Portat vnum signum capi∣tale de nigro in cāpo aureo cū vno capite rubio et trib{us} talentis in eodē: Gallice: ¶Il port dor vne cheueron de sable et vne che¦yffe de geulles et trois besant{is} en la mesmes: Anglice: ¶He be¦ryth golde a cheueron of sable wyth a cheyf of gowles and thre besantys therin.

¶And there ben certayne noble persones the whyche bere in the shelde afore rehercyd of golde as is sayde afore a cheueron of sable or of some other coloure and thre redde rosys or whyte or some other sygnys: as crossis: cressantis: byrdys: or flourys / and a cheyff. some of sable / some of other colour wyth the sygne of molettys or other tokenynge: the whyche nedyth not to be rehercyd. ¶And thenne shall euery one of theym be blasyd in his nombre lyke as the felde and the sygnes requyre: as by for¦tune some men bere thus to saye. ¶He beeryth sable a cheue∣ron of golde thre redde rosys of gowles a cheyff of asure wyth thre molettys perforatyd of vert. And thus of all other dyffe∣rences.

¶Of Armys palyd wyth one quarter of a nother colour.

CErtaynly there ben some noble men thewhyche bere in theyr armes one quarter of a nother colour differyng from the co¦lour or the colours of the shelde: as here.

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In the whyche armes it is to be sayd that the noble man the whyche beryth theym: beeryth in this wyse: Latine: ¶Portat arma palata de asorso et auro cū vna quarteria eremetica: Gallice: ¶Il port pale dasur & dor

vne quarter dermynne: Anglice: ¶He berith paly asur & golde wyth one quarter of ermyn̄. ¶And it is to be notyd that ye must haue a respecte to y^e colo∣ur of the pale whiche shold ascende to the right horne of y^e shel¦de yf y^e quarter̄ were not there. And in y^e colour ye must euermo¦re begyn̄ to blase those armys lyke as the quarter were not the¦re: as afore is rehercyd.

¶Now o•• armys checkeryd here ye shall haue an example.

MOre ouer other whyle we se armys checkeryd: as here now it aperyth in this fygure folowinge.

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And they ben callyd armys checkeryd whan they are made of two co¦lours to the manere of a checker. & thyse armysreceyue many dyfferences: as in heedis or quar¦ters in barrys & bendis: and other whyle in che¦uerons / of whom it shall be spoken anone folow¦yng. And of hym whiche possessyth thyse armys ye shal saye: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma scakkata de asorio et auro: Gallice: ¶Il porte etches da∣sur et dor: Anglice: ¶He beryth checker of asure and golde.

¶Of cheuerons the whiche in englysshe are callyd couples of sparrys.

WE haue sothly in armys certen sygnys whyche are cal¦lyd cheuerons in frensshe. And they ben callyd in latin (signa capitalia: vl̄ tigna) & in englysshe a couple of spar¦rys / as here is shewyd in thyse signes: whyche sig¦nesby lyknesse fyrste were born̄ of Carpentari∣es & makers of houses.

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For an hous is neuer ma¦de perfyt tyll those sparrys ben put vpon it: by y^e manere of an heed. & two suche sparres or cheue∣rons Ioynyd togyd{er} make a capytall sygne / y^t is to saye: a couple of sparrys. And other while two suche ben born̄ in armys. & other whyle thre: other whyle foure as it is knowen. And of hym y^t beryth thise armys afore: ye shal saye thus as folowyth: Latine: ¶Portat de rubio et duo signa capitalia de auro cuz trib{us} talentis: Gallice: ¶Il port de geul∣les et deux cheueryons dor et trois talent{is}: Anglice: ¶He be∣ryth gowles & two cheuerons of golde wyth thre besantys.

Of a cheueron or a sygne capytall engraylyd here is shewyd.

ALso a cheueron is other while engraylyd as here /

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And then̄e it is to be sayd of him whyche beryth thyse armys: Latine sic: ¶Portat vnum signū capitale ingradatū de al∣bo in campo asoreo: Et gallice sic: ¶Il port de asur vne cheueron dargent ingraylee: Anglice: ¶He berith asur & a cheueron of syluer engray¦lyd.

¶Of dyuers & meruelous cheuerons yet I wyll speke.

More ouer yet in thise signys of cheuerons other whyle is founde a dowte in the bla¦syng of theim / whan they ben made of dy¦uers colours transmutid: as here in this scochon apperyth.

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And of hym whyche beryth thyse ar∣mys ye shal say: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma quar¦teriata de nigro et argento cu vno signo capitali de dictis coloribus transmutatis: Gallice sic: Il port quarterle de fable et dargent et vne cheueron chaungee lung de lautre: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth quarterly sable & syluer wyth a che∣ueron of the sayd colours transmutyd.

¶Of cheuerons dyfferynge on the longe waye.

ALso thyse sygnys or cheuerons be dyffer¦ryd after the longe waye in armys: as he¦re in this fygure apperith.

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And thenne of hym whyche beryth thyse armys ye shall saye: Latine: ¶Portat arma {per}tita scdm longū de colo¦ribus aureo et rubeo cū vno signo capitali de dic¦tis colorib{us} transmutat{is}: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte partie du longe dor et geulles vne cheueron chaungee lung de laultre: Anglice: ¶He beryth party after the longe waye of .ij. colours golde and gowles wyth a cheueron of the sayd colours transmutyd.

¶Of dowtis among Herroddis in blasing thise armys suenge

ENonge other doubtes: aboute the blasynge of tharmys here folowynge now nexte I haue herde Herrodys pre¦tendyng themself very cunnynge in blasynge of armys merueyllously to dreme in the blasynge of thyse sayde armys. and some holde one opynyon and some a nother.

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Neuertheles it is noo grete nede to doubte in the blasynge oftheym as to cunnynge men. Therfore of hym y^t beryth thyse armys ye shall saye: Latine: ¶Por¦tat duas {per}tes capitis scuti de rubio et terciā par∣te de albo ad modū signi capital et tres rosas de colori{bus} transmutatis: Gallice: Il porte lez deux {per}ties du cheif de geulles et le troiseme de argent {per}tiez en manere dun cheueron et troys roses lung de latre: An∣glice: ¶He beeryth two partes of the heed of the shelde goules & the thyrde parte syluer by the manere of a cheueron and thre rosys or the same colours transmutyd.

¶Of armys tu••yllyd: in englysshe / spyndyls now I woll speke

CErten gentylmen there ben & nobles whiche bere in the¦yr armys fusellys / Of the nombre of whom the duke of Gloucetre that noble prynce vncle to kyng Henry the syxte was. For he had in his armys thre fusyllys of gowles by y^e manere of a barre in a felde of syl¦uer. The whyche certen armys this noble duke bare by the reason of certen londis belongyng to the mount.

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But ye shall saye of hym y^t beryth thi¦se armys in this scochon: Latine sic: ¶Portat de rubio et tres fusules de argento: Gallice sic: ¶Il port de geulles et trois fusules dargent: Anglice: ¶He beryth gowles & thre fusules of syluer. And otherwhyle thyse thre fu∣sules or foure ben born̄ by the manere of a pale. ¶It is to be notyd that whan thre fusules or foure are born̄ or mo to the nombre of .ix. whiche nombre yf they excede: say euer more y^t those armys ben poudryd with fusules or other thyng{is} & none otherwyse. And so generally ye must knowe y^t yf ony thing be born̄ in armes ouer the nombre of .ix. then̄ those armis what someuer they ben they are powdryd.

Of one fusyll born̄ in armes here I wyll exemple.

OTher whyle one fusyll is born̄ all one inarmys: as here in this fygure it aperyth /

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in whiche matere I haue herd certen Her¦rodys doubte in their opynyons. Neuertheles it is certen y^t ye shall say of hym the whiche beryth thyse armys wythout doubte: Latine sic: ¶Por¦tat de rubio cū vno fusulo de auro: Gallice: ¶Il porte de geulles vne fusill dor: Anglice: ¶He bereth gowles & a fusyll of golde.

¶Of a fusyll of dyuers colours now here I wyll speke.

ALso thise fusyllis somtyme are born̄ of dy¦uers colours: as here in this fygure it is shewed.

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But it is a more dowte how thi∣se armys sholde be blasyd than the armys afore. But ye shall saye of hym whyche berech thyse ar¦mys: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma {per}tita extransuer so de albo et nigro cū vno fusulo ex eisdem colori¦bus transmutatis: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte partie de trauers dar¦gent & sable et vne fusyll de mesmes colours lung de latre: An¦glice sic: ¶He beryth armys partyd ouerwhart of syluer & sa∣ble wyth a fusyll of the same colours transmutyd.

¶Of fusyllis by the manere of a bende here I woll somwhat saye

More ouer suche fusyllis are born̄ in armes by y^e manere of a bende: as here now ape¦ryth.

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And then̄e ye shall saye of him whi¦che possessyth thyse armys: Latine sic: ¶Portat vnam bendam fusillatam de auro in campo ru∣bio: Gallice sic: ¶Il port de geulles vne bende fusill dor: Anglice sic: ¶He beeryth gowles & a bende fusyllyd of golde.

¶Of a barre fusyllyd in armys here is an example.

ALso there ben borne in armys thyse fusyllys in a barre fusyllyd: as here it aperyth.

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And then̄ it is to be sayd of hym whyche hath thise armys: Latine sic: Portat ar

de rubio en̄ vna barra fusillata de argēto: Galli¦ce sic: ¶Il porte de geulles vne barre fusulee dar¦gent: Et anglice sic: ¶He beeryth gowles and a barre fusyllyd of syluer. And som̄ men say that the forsayde armys beganne of Vueuers: for as moche as Vueuers vsen suche fusyllys made of sponnen wulle.

¶Knowe ye the difference betwyx fusyllis: masculis: & losyng{is}

NOw here ye shall knowe the dyfference betwyx fusyllis masculys & losyngis. Vuherfore it is to be knowen that fusyllis are euer more longe. Also fusyllis are streytter ouerwharte in the bely than are masculys. And masculys are larger ouerwhart in the bely: and shorter in length than ben fusyllis: as here in this scochon it apperyth.

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And it shall be sayd of hym that possesseth thyse armes in this wyse: Latine: ¶Portat de rubio et sex masculas de auro: Et gallice sic: ¶Il porte de geulles et .vj. mascules dor: Et anglice sic: ¶He beryth gowles & .vj. masculys of gol¦de. ¶And thyse masculys other whyle are perforatyd as I sayd a¦fore in the chapytre of the crosse masculatyd.

¶Of a nother manere of masculys yet here I wyll speke.

ALso other whyle are borne armys masculatyd: as here in this fygure folowynge is shewed.

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And ye shall vnder¦stonde that those armys be callyd masculatid in whiche the forsayd mascules begyn̄ moost plenteuouslyin the ryght angle of the shelde / and are endid to¦warde the lefte parte. whyche certen armys in ve¦ry dede are palyd / & are diuyded in to thre pales yf they ben subtylly conceyued. And of hym y^t be¦rith thise armys it shalbe sayd: Latine sic: ¶Por¦tat arma masculata de argento et asorio: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte dargent et dasur masculee: Anglice sic: ¶He be¦ryth of syluer and asure masculatyd.

¶Of losynges how & what manere of wyse they ben made.

ALso losyng{is} no manere of wyse ben made but in armys bendyd. Nor they may not be made by themself. & they ben made alway as thyse ben made bendid. And ye shal haue the mood very dyfference betwyx the forsa¦yd maculatyd armys & bended in the pictures of the forsayd armys. And ye must take this for a ge¦nerall enformacōn & instruccōn: that certenly lo∣syng{is} euermore stonde vpright: y^t is to saye / y^t the highest poynt or the heyght euer ascendeth to he¦uen or to a mannys heed. so y^e the hyghest poynt extendyth vtterly to the heed of the shelde. & of the ouerwharte corners one extendyth vtterly to the right syde. and y^e other cor¦ner extendyth to the lefte syde of the shelde. And y^e lowest parte extendyth to y^e lowest parte of the shelde dyametraliter: as it is open in y^e shelde nexte afore.

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And so without dowte we haue the dyfference of the forsayd signys: y^t is to wyte / of masculys & lo∣syngis. Nota ¶Also the forsayd fusyllis neuer ben foūde per∣foratyd nor losynges aforsayd ben neuer perforatyd.

¶Now of a sight in armes y^t is callyd a Saltori: a manere of a crosse

THere is a nother manere of sygne in armys by dyuerse noble men borne: whyche is callyd a Saltori. And it is made by the manere of a crosse of saynt Andrew: as he∣re now it apperyth.

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And this crosse is lyknyd af¦ter certen men to an instrument made in dyuers parkes: whyche is of a grete magnitude or larg¦nes to the comparyson of this sygne. And it is well knowe of noble gentylmen & hunters: y^t su¦che saltatoryes are ordenyd in many parkys & places to take wilde best{is}: whiche onys there en¦trynge: by y^e instrument maye neuer goo agayn. wherfore in ol¦de tyme thyse signys were geue to ryche men / & other wyse cal¦lyd (Auari) nygon̄s or kepers. whyche suffre not theyr tresours in what manere of wyse they ben gote to passe fro theym. And of hym whyche possessyth thyse armys ye shall saye: Latine sic

¶Portat de asorio et vnū saltatoriū de auro: Gallice: ¶Il por¦te dasur vng saultiere dor: Et anglice sic: ¶He bereth asure & a saltory or a sawtry of golde.

¶Of armys sawtrie engradyd here I woll exemple.

HOw here ye must knowe that thise armes sawtre ben other while engradyd: as here in this fygure now apperyth.

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And thenne they ben callyd sawtre engradid: as it is sayd afo¦re in many places. As of the crosse engradyd of barrys and bendis. And of hym that beryth thy∣se armys ye shall saye: Latine: ¶Portat vnū sal¦tatorium ingradatum de auro in campo asorio: Et gallice sic: ¶Il porte de asure vne saultier dor engraylee: Et anglice sic: ¶He beryth asure and a crosse sawtre of golde engradyd.

¶Of many crosses sawtre born̄ in armys engradyd an exam∣ple

OTherwhyle there ben borne many crossys sawtre in ar∣mys engradyd in one shelde / other while two: other whi∣le thre: as here.

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And of hym that beryth thyse ar∣mysthus it shall be sayd: Latine: ¶Portat vnā barram planam & tria saltatoria ingradata de au¦ro in campo rubeo: Et gallice sic: Il porte de ge∣ulles vne barre playne et trois saultiers engrei∣les dor: Et anglice sic: ¶He beryth gowles one barre playne and thre sawtre crossys engradyd of golde.

¶Of crownys in armys born̄ by the manere of a pale.

IT is dylygently to be marked: that whan we saye suche a lorde berith thre suche sig¦nys / How thise thre sygnes are born̄ in ar¦mys we saye not alwaye. For other whyle thyse iij. sygnes are put in a shelde in manere of a pale / & then̄ they ben callyd sygnes palyd: as here in this fygure it apperyth.

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And of hym that hath thyse armes ye shall saye: Latine: ¶Portat tres coronas de an¦ro

palatas in campo asorio: Et gallice sic: ¶Il porte dasur et troys corones dor palees: Anglice sic: ¶He beryth asure and thre crownys of golde palyd.

¶Of crownys in armys born̄ barrid here I wyll enforme you

HOw thyse thre sygnes other whyle ben borne barryd here now apperyth in this fygure.

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And then̄ of hym that bereth thy¦se armys ye shall saye: Latine: ¶Portat tres co¦ronas aureas in campo asorio: Gallice sic: ¶Il porte dasur et trois corones barrez dor: Anglice: ¶He beryth asure & thre crownes of golde.

¶Of thre crownes born̄ in the corners of the shelde.

CErtenly thyse thre crownys ben born̄ in the moost co∣myn waye in the corners of the shelde: as here in thys scochon it aperyth.

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And thenne ye must thus saye: that thyse thre sygnes ben borne in the corners of theshelde. For that is the moost comyn & the moost famoust manere of berynge of thyse thre sygnes or ony manere sygnes. Therfore ye shal say that suche a lorde beryth this wyse as here folowyth: Latine: ¶Portat de asoreo et tres coronas aure as. non expremendo loca: Et gallice sic: ¶Il por¦te dasur et troys corones dor: Et anglice sic: ¶He beereth asu¦re and thre crownes of golde.

¶Of fysshes born̄ in armys in dyuers wyse here is a doctryne

A Newe doubte yet is founde in armes / foras moche as there was a certen man that hyght (Petrus de rupibus) in tyme pas∣syd: the bysshop of wynchestre: whyche bare in his armys thre roches after his owne name. In whiche armys it is doubted: whether it is ynouh to say in y^e blasyng of theym / y^t he bare .iij. fysshes alone: as here in this scochon.

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& certenly I thinke nay / for y^e ru∣le gooyng

afore. But it is thus to be sayd of y^e sayd Petre: Latine ¶Por¦tauit tres huiusmodi pisces argēteos natantes in campo nigro Gallice sic ¶Il porte de sable et trois roches noyant dargent. Anglice sic. ¶He beryth sable & thre roches swymmynge of syl¦uer.

¶And thenne to the armys of Galfride Lucy: as here now it apperyth in this fygure.

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And ye must saye that he bare thus: Latine ¶Portauit tres lucios au¦reos in campo rubeo: Et gallice sic: ¶Il port de geulles et trois lucez dor: Anglice sic: ¶He bee∣ryth gowles & thre luces of golde. The whyche certen blasyng w^tout declaracōn here is ynough For y^e forsayd fysshes are in theyr propre places as I sayd in the rule afore.

¶But what shall be sayd of this man then̄: the whiche beryth two barbellis tornyng thier back{is} to gyder: as here apperyth.

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Ye must saye Latine sic▪ ¶Portat duos barbillos aureos adinuicem terga vertentes in scuto asoreo puluerisato cū cru¦cibus cruciatis figitiuis de auro: Et gallice sic ¶Il porte dasur poudre dez croys crocelez fichez et duex barbeaulx dos an dos dor: Et anglice sic ¶He beryth asure powdryd wyth crosses croslettis pytche and two barbel∣les of golde backe to backe.

¶Of armys the whyche are called frectis here now I woll spe¦ke

A Certen noble baron: that is to saye / the lorde Awdeleye of the realme of Englonde bare in his armys a Frecte / whiche certen frecte in many armes of dy¦uers gentylmen is founde other whyle redde o∣ther whyle golde / and other whyle blacke other whyle symple & other whyle dowble other why¦le tryple. & other whyle it is multiplyed ouer all the shelde: as here it appereth.

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And ye muste vn∣d{er}stonde one grete dyfference betwyx armys ben¦dyd and thyse armys whyche ben made wyth the forsayd frec∣tys. wherfore it is to be markyd: that in the bendyd armys the coloures beynge conteynyd equally are dyuydyd. But in

thise frectes the felde alway abideth hole: as here. & this forsayd lorde Andeley beryth: Latine sic: ¶Portat arma frectata de au¦ro in cāpo rubeo: Gallice: ¶Il port de geulles vne frecte dor: Anglice ¶He beryth gowles & a frecte of golde.

¶Of armes hauynge beestis salientynge or tampynge.

BEstys in armys of dyuers nobles are born̄ rampynge: as here in this fygure folowynge appereth /

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of whiche in the boke afore I haue noo mencion. And of him y^t is pos¦sessor of thyse armys ye shall saye: Latine sic:Portat de rubio et vnū leonū de argento: Galli¦ce: ¶Il port de geulles vngleon saliantz de ar∣gent: Anglice: ¶He berith goules & a lyon ram¦pyng of syluer. And he is callyd a lion rampyng for this cause / for asmoche as the ryght fote ascē¦dith to the ryght horne of the shelde / and the lef∣te fote descendyth in to the fote of the shelde as apperyth in the fygure. And this same manere is obseruyd in all bestis hauyng foure fete / that is to saye: in lyons: leoperdys beers: doggys w^t other lyke to theym.

¶Of armys barryd & of labellys born̄ in armys.

FYrste note well tharmes of the fad{er} as he¦re /

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& thenne the dyfferences as it shall be shewyd. For certen there ben dyuers no∣ble men whiche bere labellys in theyr armys as it shall be shewyd in fygure after. For whyche it is to be knowe y^t suche labellis are not properly called signes in armes but differences of signes: that whan it is so y^t ony noble man hath many leyffull getyn so¦nes / then̄ the fyrste sone whyche is his fad{er}s hey∣re: shall bere the hole armys of his fad{er} wyth som̄ lytyl dyfference: as here / to whom specyally is ye uen a mone encreasynge. For y^e fyrste sone is in hope of augmentacōn & encreasynge of his pa∣trymony. And this dyfference maye be some ly∣tyll molet or a crosse croslet or suche a lyke dyfference.

¶The seconde brod{er} shall bere the hole armes of his fader wyth .iij. labellis to the dyfference & in to the sygne y^t he is the thyrde y^t bereth those ar¦mis.

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¶Also the thirde brod{er} yf there be ony shal bere .iiij. labellys in token y^t he is the fourth that beryth those armis of whom the fader is the firs¦te. the heyre is the seconde. & the seconde brod{er} is the thyrde y^t berith those armes. And so folowith y^t the thyrde brod{er} shall bere foure labellis: as it aperyth in this fygure /

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And so forth yf there ben mo bredern ye shall encreace your labellys after the fourme afore rehercyd. ¶And the sones of those same bred{er}n shal bere the same labellis. And in case that the seconde brod{er} whyche beryth thre labellys haue two sonys / certenly the elder soneof those two whiche is heyre to his fader shall be¦re the hole armys of his fader: with also many la¦bellys as his fad{er} dyde / wyth a lytyll dyfference: as here it apperith in this scochon.

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And his secon¦de brod{er} shall bere the hole armys of his fad{er} with the same labellis as his fader bare & no mo with a bordure: as here in this fygure nexte folowingit shall be shewed /

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and as it is reherced in the cha¦pytre of bordurys.

¶And yf there be the thirde broder then̄ he shal bere his fad{er}s armys wyth the same labellys & a bordure of a nother colour to y^e difference of his broder: as it shall be shewyd in this scochon next ensewynge.

[illustration] blazon or coat of arms

¶And the thyrde chyldren of those men shall be¦re their dyfference not in their faders armes / but in bordurys and dyuysyons dyuerse.

¶And lyke as the chyldren of the seconde brod{er} berynge thre labellys are diuydyd & dyfferyd bi their signes & bordur / So y^e child{er}n of y^e thirde bro¦der berynge foure labellis: bere y^e same armys y^t theyr fad{er} dyde & also many labellis. And they are differid bi their signes & bor¦dures: as afore is rehercid & dyuers other / As other whyle a ly¦on rampyng one parte redde a nother blacke.

NOw certaynly of all the sygnys whyche are founden in armys: as of flourys leeuys and other merueylous to∣kens / I can not declare here there ben so many. But ye shal knowe generally that for al tharmys whyche lyghtly ony man hath seen in his dayes: ye haue rules suffycyent as I byle¦ue to discerne & blase ony of theym / and it be so that ye be not in youre mynde to hasty or to swyfte in the dyscernynge Nor ye maye not ouerrenne swyftly the forsayd rules / but dylygently haue them in your mynde. and be not to full of conceytes. For he y^t woll hunte .ij. harys in one hour: or one whyle one / a nother whyle a nother Lyghtly he lesyth bothe. Therfore take hede to the rules. yf so be that thei ben not a generall doctrine: yet shall they prouffyte for this scyence gretly.

¶Marke ye well thyse questyons here now folowynge.

BVt now is a questyon I wyll procede / and that is thys. whether the armys of the grauntynge of a prynce or of other lordys are better or of suche dygnytee: as armys of a mannys propre auctoryte taken. whan that it is leyffull to euery noble man to take to hym armes at his pleysure: For the whyche question it is to be knowen that foure manere wyse we haue armys.

¶The fyrst maner̄ of wyse we haue our owne armys whyche we bere of our fader or of our mod{er} or of our predecessours. the whyche manere of berynge is comyn and famous in whyche I wyll not stonde longe. for that manere is beste prouyd.

¶The seconde manere we haue armys by our merytis as ve∣ry playnly it apperyth by thaddycōn of the armys of Fraunce to tharmys of Englonde getin by that moost noble man: pryn¦ce Edwarde the fyrste goten sone of kynge Edwarde the thyr∣de that tyme kynge of Englonde after the takynge of kynge Iohn̄ of Fraunce in the batayll of Peyters. The whiche certen addycyon was leyffull and ryghtwysly done. And on the same manere of wyse myght a poore Archer haue taken a prynce or some noble lorde. and soo the armys of that prysoner by hym∣self so take ryghtwysly he maye put to hym & to his heyres.

¶On the thyrde manere of wyse we haue armys whyche we

beere by the grauntynge of a prynce or of some other lordys

¶And ye must knowe that those armys whyche we haue of y^e grauntynge of a prynce or of a lorde receyue no questyon why that he beeryth those same. For why the prynce wyll not that suche a questyon be asked: why he gaue to ony man suche an ar¦mes / as it is playne in the lawe of nature & Ciuile. For that sa∣me that plesyth theyr prynce hath the strengthe of lawe: but yf ony man bare those armys afore. For that thynge whyche is myn wyth a ryghtwys tytle wythout deseruynge maye not be take fro me / nor the prynce maye not do it ryghtwysly.

¶The fourth manere wyse we haue those armys the whyche we take on our one propre auctoryte: as in thyse dayes openly we se / how many poore men by their grace fauour labour or de¦seruynge are made nobles Some by theyr prudence: some by their manhede: some by theyr strength: some by their cunnyng some by other vertues. And of thyse men many by theyr owne auctoryte haue take armys to be borne to theim & to theyr hey¦res / of whom it nedyth not here to reherce the namys. Neuer∣theles armys that ben so taken they maye leyffully and freely beere But yet they ben not of so grete dygnyte & auctoryte as those armys the whyche are grauntyd daye by daye by the auc¦torite of a prynce or of a lorde. Yet armys by a mannes propre auctoryte take: yf a nother man haue not borne theym afore: be of strength ynough

¶And it is thopinyon of many men that an Herrode of armys maye gyue armys: But I saye yf ony suche armys be borne by ony Herrode geuen / that those armes ben of no more auctorite than those armys whyche ben take by a mannys owne aucto∣ryte.