The arte of logick Plainely taught in the English tongue, according to the best approued authors. Very necessary for all students in any profession, how to defend any argument against all subtill sophisters, and cauelling schismatikes, and how to confute their false syllogismes, and captious arguments. By M. Blundevile.

Giue examples of euery one.

First, by time, Cicero is said to be before Quintilian, and So∣crates before Aristotle, and such like. Secondly, by nature, that thing is said to be first, or before, from which the consequent cannot returne backward: by which way all generall kindes are said to be before their speciall kindes, and speciall kindes before their Indiuiduums: for if man be, then sensible body (which is the generall kinde) must needs be, but not contrarily: so likewise, if Iohn be, man must needs be, but not contrarily; for it followeth not of necessitie, Because it is a sensible body, Ergo it is a man, or because it is a man, Ergo it is Iohn. Thirdly, by order one thing is said to be before another, as one before two, and two before three, letters before syllables, and syllables before words, and words before speech. To this also appertaineth that which is said

to be before by situation, as in going from Norwich to London, Thetford is before Newmarket, and Newmarket before Ware, and so forth. Fourthly, by honour or dignitie, an Emperour is said to be before a King, a King before a Duke, a Duke before an Earle, an Earle before a Baron, &c. Fiftly, the cause is said to be before his effect, as the rising of the Sunne is said to be before day; so the difference is said to be before his speciall kinde, and the spe∣ciall kinde before his propertie. And these be conuertible: for if it be day, the Sunne must needs be vp: and if the speciall diffe∣rence be, the speciall kinde must needs be, and so contrarily.