The secretes of the reuerende Maister Alexis of Piemount Containyng excellent remedies against diuers diseases, woundes, and other accidents, with the manner to make distillations, parfumes, confitures, diynges, colours, fusions and meltynges. ... Translated out of Frenche into Englishe, by Wyllyam Warde.

THE Secretes of the reuerent Master Alexis of Piemont.

THE FIRST BOKE.

The maner an secrete to conserue a mannes youthe, and to holde backe old age: to maintain a man alwaies in health and strengthe, as in the fairest flower of his age.

¶All this is taken out of the long studie, and diuers experiences, that a gentleman made, by the space of many yeres, in the seruice of a noble Ladie. Beyng a thyng moste certain, that an old man, of thre skore and ten yeres, all withered withage, of a verie euill comple∣xion, and subiect to diuers kindes of diseases, was altered and chaun∣ged, as into the age of sxe oir eight and thirtie yeres.

FIrste, menne ought to haue al∣waies in remembraunce, and before their iyes, that no grace, gifte, or com∣moditie, is to be hoped for, but of God onely. In whose greate clemencie and goodnesse, the greate prophete, beyng assured, and stablished in conscience, through his perfect faithe, cried, saiyng: Renouabitur, sicut aquilla, inuentus mea. And by the same mercie & goodnesse, he prolonged, so many yeres, the life of Ezechias: & made Moises to liue a hūdred and .xx. yeres, and more, and not one of his tecthe, at any time mouyng: without any dim∣nes of sight, or ache of heade. He then, as a moste mightie creatoure, and father of all, hauyng assigned vnto man, the terme of his life, and lefte hym to the arbitremente of his owne will: and also hauyng giuen vertue, strengthe and properties vnto thynges, and leauyng theim to exe∣cute ordinarily, their mouynges and nature, hath also left power vnto humaine creatures, to preserue theim selues in healthe, vntill the tearme and prefixed ende of our life, bothe vniuersally and particularly. But, for asmoche as

wee knowe not, how to emploie thynges, accordyng as thei are conuenable and meete for our nature, and our chaunces or necessities, our disordinate maner of life ma∣keth vs to liue, the moste parte in diseases, to precipitate our yougth and to abbreuiate moche our life. Then, ha∣uyng our thought and mynde, alwaies firme and sure in hym, and replete with faithe and deuotion, saiyng in the name of his infinite goodnesse, vnto our selues: Longitu∣dine dierum replebo eum, et ostendam illi salutare meum. We will commence and begin, as inspired with hym, and as∣sured to helpe our selues, with the vertue and strength of thinges, created in the worlde by his diuine power, one∣ly for our benefite. And mindyng for a publike profite, to communicate some thing, as well searched and found out of my self, by long experience, as lately obtained and got∣ten, of a speciall frende of mine, whiche also, by greate di∣ligence and experience, hath by the space of seuen yeres: proued this maner of preseruing & stablishing, the health and yougth, I will first giue you the maner, how to make a miraculous licoure, conseruatiue, and restoratiue of the naturall heate, and radicall humour, in the whiche twoo thinges consisteth, principally the health, the vigour, the strength, and the life of man.

¶To make a precious licoure, and of inestimable vertue: the whiche taken at the mouthe, strengtheneth and augmenteth the na¦turall heate, and radicall humidite purifieth the blood, and clenseth the stomacke from all superfluitie of humours: and by that meane conserueth the health and yougth, and prolongeth the life of hym that vseth it.

IN the moneth of Maie, at the Sonne risyng, thou shalt take vp in a peuter dishe, or some vessell of glasse, beyng very cleane, the dewe that is fallen vpō Rosemarie, Borrage, and other good herbes, Sage onely excepted, for it is a thing moste certain, that vnder Sage certain vene∣mous beastes, are wonte to assemble, whiche infecte and poison it, with their breathe: and though that the leaues,

maie by wasihing be purified and clensed, from soche ex∣halatiō and breathing, yet neuerthelesse, if the dewe that falleth vpon the leaues, chaunce to take soche venim and poison, it is not possible by any meanes to purifie it: and therefore you shall not take vp the dewe of Sage. Then, after hauyng gathered as moche dewe, as you thinke good, haue three glasses ready, of soche greatnesse as you will, the whiche glasses you shall fil, some what more then halfe full: the one with Suger, the other with Manna, and the third with Honnie, the rest of the glasses remai∣ning still emptie and voide: and then fill them all vp, full with the said dewe, stopping them fast with white waxe, and couer them with a linen clothe. Kepe theim also in a cupborde, or some other place out of the Sonne, as long as nede shall be to vse of it, as we will declare afterward. And then take the inice of Quinces, & haue redie in a litle glasse, some good Agaric, broken in pieces onely, and not in poulder: the whiche you shall couer, with thesaid iuice of Quinces, in soche sorte as you haue doen with the Su∣ger, and other thinges in the glasses, and kepe it well co∣uered. Then, take the Iuice of all these thinges follow∣yng, of redde Roses, or incarnate, of Succorie, of Endiue of Fumiterie, of Buglosse, of Borage, of Mallowes, of Hoppes, of the leaues and flowers of Marche violettes: & of eche of these iuices a like quātitie: then mixe them wel together. That doen, take a pound or two of Aloes Epaticā or as moche as you wil: for the more there is, the better it shall be, bicause that thesaid Aloe beyng sosteeped, wate∣red, and prepared, as we will she we you, is a verie exqui¦site & familiare medecine, to kepe in a house, and take of it by litle lumpes or pilles, ones in the weke, when a man goeth to bed: for it kepeth the body from putrifaction, and from all euill humours: and is very profitable and good, against the ache or paine in the ioinctes, and also for the Frenche Pockes, as herafter we will declare orderly.

Take of the saied Aloe, of the best and the freshest, soche a quantitie as you will, and put it in a cup of glasse, or cleane platter, as is aboue said, and set it in a windowe

or some other place in the Sonne, watryng or stepyng it in thesaid iuices mingled together, giuing it therof as of∣ten as shalbe sufficient to make it moist, and to make of it as it were athicke sirop. Then couer the cup with a clene linen clothe, or paper, to kepe it onely from the duste, and leaue it so in the Sonne. And when it is almoste waxen drie, embibe or water it again as before, and let it stand in the Sonne. This shall you doe, so often, vntill you haue made it soke and drinke vp as moche iuice, as the weight of halfe the Aloe onely: that is to saie, if the Aloe weighe twoo pound, make it drinke vp at diuers times, one poūd of thesaid iuices. This doen, take these thinges followe∣yng, Turbit halfe and vnce, fine Sinamom, Spica Nar∣di, Fole foote, alias Astrabacca, Squinantum, Carpobal∣samum,* 1.1 Xilobalsamum, Lignum Aloes, Bdellium, Mirrhe, Mastic, of eche of them an vnce, with halfe an vnce of Sa∣fron: All these thynges beyng well beaten into pouder, and put into a cleane panne, you shall poure into theim, so moche common water, that it surmounte thesaied ma∣tieres, a good hande breadth, lettyng theim boile with a a small fire, the space of an hower or more. After this you shall straine the saied decoction, and by litle and litle, wa∣ter from tyme to tyme, the said Aloe in the Sonne, as you haue afore doen: and this you shall doe so long, vntill the Aloe haue dronke vp all the decoction. This doen, take it out of the Sonne, and it shall be a precious thing, to kepe in your house, as we haue all ready declared, whiche also maintaineth the body in health, kepeth the heade cleane, and causeth to haue a good colour, and a quicke and liue∣ly spirite, to them that vse of it. He that is not of abilitie to make this mixtion, in the maner aboue said, maie make it in this wise. Kepe diligently the saied Aloe, in litle dis∣shes of woode, to make this that wee will speake of, here followyng. Take Aqua vite, not to fine, nor of the first stillyng, but stilled twise, or thrise at the moste. And putte in diuers litle violles of glasse (the one bigger then the other) all these thynges followyng, well beaten into pouder, at the lest those that maie be beaten, puttyng al∣so

in eche of theim, asmoche of the Aqua vite, as shall bee three fingers aboue them in the Violles, doyng as here∣after foloweth. Take an vnce of smalle fine Perles, well wasshed three or fower tymes in cleare water: and then beyng dried, and laied in the iuice of Lemons, or Cytrōs, well strained, leaue theim so by the space of three daies: and so put the saied perles, that thei maie be with thesaid iuice, remaining in the glasse, putting to them Rose wa∣ter, three fingers high or aboue the perles, as is afore mē∣tioned. Then take an vnce of fine read. Corall, and put it likewise in the Iuice of Lemons or Citrons, vsyng it in al poinctes, like as ye did the perles, puttyng it in a glasse by it self with Rose water, with fower vnces of blew V••∣triol, well burned in a close pot. This doen, take the flo∣wers & tender stalkes of Rosemarie, of Burrage, of Bu∣glosse, of Sage, of Selandine, of Isope, of Scabiose, of Rue, of sainct Ihons worte, of Primroses, together with all the tender leaues of the saied herbes: and then stampe them slightly in a morter of stone or wood, and put them altogether into one glasse, or into diuers, with as moche Aqua vite, as will be aboue them, three or fower fingers, as we haue saied of the other thinges, and let them frande so in the glasse, wel stopped with ware or bombase. Take after this, halfe an vnce of Saffron, well beaten into pou∣der, and put it in a glasse by it self, with Rose water, after the maner of the other thynges: then put to it fower vn∣ces of Triacle, with Rose water, in an other glasse, after the foresaied maner: and take one vnce of fine Cinamom, a quarter of an Vnce of Cloues, an Vnce of Lignum Aloe an vnce of Anise seede, and vnce of Fenell seede, halfe an vnce of Smallage seede, fiue or sixe vnces of Ieniper ber∣ries, halfe an vnce of Cheruell seede, of the seede and bark of a Cedartree, of eche of them twoo vnces, halfe an vnce of Myrrhe, a quarter of an vnce of Storax or Styrax Li∣quida, an Vnce of Bengewine, an vnce of Sandali, of all sortes of Mirabolanes, of eche of thē three vnces, of Pine apple kernelles mondified three vnces, of yelowe Ambre whiche the Apoticaries call Carabe, twoo vnces, thre vn∣ces

of white Dittanie grene or drie, the eight parte (or as litle as you will) of an vnce of Muske. Let all these thyn∣ges hee well stamped, and mixed together, and putte in a glasse with their Aqua vite, as is saied of the other. You must then stoppe well all the saied violles or glasses, or o∣ther vesselles, with waxe or bombase, and with pareche∣ment ouer it: and so set them a daie in the Sonne, and the night followyng, in the aire abrode. The morowe after, take some great vessell of glasse, as thicke as you can get, hauyng no couer, bicause you maie alwaies loke into it: and thereinto you shall powre faire & softly the Rose wa∣ter, that is in all the glasses, eche of them beyng coloured with their substaunce, in soche maner that no part of the substaunces, whiche are in the bottome, be mixte with it. And after, hauing put al the saied Aqua vite, into the said vessell, as is aboue said, ye shal set it in some place, where as no Soonne can in any wise come vnto it. But beware that the three first glasses, that is to saie, with the Suger, the Māna, and the Honie in the dewe, ought neuer to be set in the Sonne, but must be kept vntil you put it in vre, as we wil shewe you. And after that you haue poured, the Aqua vite, out of all the saied glasses, ye shall put in other freshe, and set them well stopped in the Sonne, and in the night in the aire, as is afore saied. Then put them all to∣gether with the other, in the said vessell of glasse, and put again in euery violle other Aqua vite, and doe as before: and thus must ye doe eight or tenne tymes, or till you see that the Aqua vite, will bee no more coloured, or haue ta∣ken all the substaunce of the drooges, that are in the viol∣les. A man can not chaunge the saied Aqua vite to often, bicause ye must passe all the saied waters of life, through a bath called Balneum Marie, as wee will hereafter declare by the whiche ye maie passe, as well a greate quantitie as a smalle, and by this meane also, ye shall lose no parte of the vertue, or substaunce of the said thynges, hauyng dra∣wen and taken it all with the saied Aqua vite, of the whi∣che ye must first haue made prouision, of fower or fiue fla∣gons. Then, ye must take all the saied Aqua vites, beyng

put into one vessell, and mixte theim well together, with the three first violles, where the Suger, the Manna, and the Hōnie, with the dewe, is: and then the violle with the Agarie, and three vnces of the saied Aloes, prepared and watred. After this, put all these thinges in a greate violle made of good and thicke glasse, to thende it be not in daū∣ger of breakyng, in handelyng of it. And to be more assu∣red, after ye haue well mixed all together, ye maie deuide all the substaunces, into diuers smalle glasses, or violles, to passe theim through the saied Balneum Marie, at son∣dry times or at ones in diuers litle fourneises, in this ma∣naner. You shall set and trimme the violles with strawe or Towe, in the bottome of a panne or caudron, wherein there must be water, and set the saied caudron vpon a fur∣naise of yearth, and this is called stillyng per Balneum Marie: Then set vnto the violle, his Limbecke, with his recipient that the substaunce take no winde or vent: then you muste make your fire so, that the caudron maie seeth or boyle faire and softly, and so shall you distille and make come into the recipient, all the Aqua vite as clere as Cri∣stalle, the whiche, bicause it hath been passed through, by distillation diuers tymes, will bee better for all thynges then the other, and principally to be taken at the mouthe, bicause it kepeth parte of the vertue and strengthe of the thynges, that it was put into. Also you must vnderstande that of the fiue partes onely, of all the substaunce, whiche shall be in the violle or violles three or fower partes must bee distilled: and the rest to remaine in the bottome of the saied violles. This doen, let the ouen or foruaise and the caudron coole, and in vndoyng the Limbecke, and the re∣cipient, ye shall take awaie the violles, kepyng well this distilled water for to serue you, as wee haue afore saied: and then put all the substaunce, whiche remaineth in the said violles not distilled, into some other greate and thick violle or glasse, wel couered or bound in wicker or osiers, stoppyng it well with waxe or bombase, and aboue that, with a double parechemente, and locke it handsomely in some place, farre from the Soonne, and out of all heate.

This licoure hath not his like in vertue, the whiche takē euery weke ones or twise, the quātitie of a sponefull, pre∣serueth health, driueth awaie all euill complexions from the body, maintaineth and strengthneth so the naturall heate, and radicall moistnesse, and vpholdeth a man in his strengthe and vigoure of the heads, and of the witte, ma∣keth the visage well coloured, the breath swete, the bodie yong and lustie, that a mā is not able worthely to esteme, or iudge the vertue thereof: and lesse able to expresse and praise the greate goodnesse of God the creatoure, that gi∣ueth soche vertue vnto thynges created, and openeth the witte and vnderstandyng of man to knowe them, and to vse them to the profite and commoditie of his creatures.

Now the maner how to vse it, is this: In the Spryng time, ye maie take it alone, or with a little broth of Veale, Pigeons or Chickens, or els in Maluoisie, or some other good white wine. In Sommer, ye must take it with wa∣ter of Buglose, or the decoctiō of Borrage, Buglose, Let∣tese, Succorie, Endiue, or els some of the said herbes: and at all tymes it is good to take of it a sponefull, putte into halfe a glasse ful of the milke of a woman, new brought a bed of a man child, or of a nurrice that giueth a man child sucke, or els in Gotes milke. And the quantitie & oft vsing of it must be obserued, accordyng to the persones, & tyme: for, vnto a weke and aged man and those that haue been lately sicke, or weake of nature, ye muste giue it oftener, and a greater quātitie, then vnto a yong and lustie man. Also a man maie take of it oftener, and more in Winter, then in Sommer. Now ye must vnderstande, that all the flowers, herbes, and other thinges rehersed, are not foūd together in one time and season: wherefore the said licour can not be made at one tyme, but beginnyng the firste or seconde weeke of Maie, it shall be at the least, the ende of September or October, before ye can make an ende: and therefore you must gather from tyme to tyme, eche thing in his season, as you maie get them, and put them in some vessell, euery one by them selues, or with the other thyn∣ges that thei ought to be ioyned with, after the maner a∣boue

saied: and vse to dresse and trimme the said thynges, accordyng to the tyme that you maie get them in. And yet if you can not furnishe your self, with al soche thinges as I haue declared, take those that you can gette, prouided, that the reste whiche you can not get, bee not of to greate importaunce: but it should be more expedient and sure, to haue of all, seyng there is nothyng of any greate coste or charge, or to hard to be gotten. Moreouer, if you wil haue your matter in good perfection, there resteth but to make a naturall dissolutiō of fine gold: and when you will take of it, take twoo partes of the said licoure, & one part of the dissolutiō of the gold, whiche we will teache you to make hereafter: although that in this presente booke, wee will make no mention of the perfitest maner, of making soche a dissolution, whiche we haue gotten by great studie, and obseruation, and by often expertēce of the thyng, that we will doe, aswell for not being verie possible to shewe it by writyng, without makyng demonstration thereof: as for other causes but we wil put here some other maners and waies, bothe good & true, and of soche importaunce, that peraduenture better hath not, vnto this daie, been found.

¶A potion or drinke, to be vsed in steade of Sirop, good for men of al ages and complexiōs, that will be purged the whiche, taken what daie you will, driueth a waie the euill humours, without mouyng or troublyng the good, or doing any burte: And is also very good for the great Pockes, and all infinnities, as well of the stomacke, as of the heade: and is like wise profitable for them that be in health, to take twise in the yere, in steade of an ordinary purgation, that is to saie, in the Spryng tyme, and in September.

TAke Mallowes, and boile them in water, vn∣till thei bee softe, that thei can almoste bee no softer: then strain the decoction, and take pou∣der of Sene, and of the barke of Lignum san∣ctum, called Guatac, of eche of them seuen vn∣ces, well beaten to pouder, and clensed or sifted, Salt Ar∣moniac twoo dragmes: and in the meane tyme, set the de∣coction of the Mallowes vpon the fire, with halfe a pound

of Honie, and let the said decoction be aboute twoo com∣mon glasses in quantitie, whereunto ye must put halfe a pounde of wine lies, and then let it boils faire and softly, the space of halfe an houre, skimmyng well the Honnie. After this, ye must straine it, and put it hotte as it is into a potte by litle and litle, where the foresaied thynges be, that is to saie, the Sene, the Guaiac, and Armoniac salte. Now in powryng, you must alwaies sturre the saied thin∣ges with a Spone, or some other thing. And then imme∣diatly ye must couer the pot with his couer, in shuttyng it close, and closyng it vp with claie, round aboute the sides, so that nothyng maie breath or respire out, and so set the pot vpon the fire, by the space of twoo Pater nosters, and no more. Then take it from the fire, and wrap it in a pil∣lowe of fethers, well warmed by the fire, or in a tubbe or barrell, full of branne well heated, or in some clothe very hote, to thende it maie be well nurrished and kept warme and leaue it so by the space of ten or twelue houres. Then afterward ye must open the pot, and straine the saied sub∣staunce, through a strainer or thicke canuesse, & you must haue ready before, halfe a glasse of white wine, and in the same three or fower vnces of Rubarbe, cut in smalle pie∣ces, and that the Rubarbe haue been in it, the space of a daie or twoo before: the whiche wine ye shall powre into the decoction of the said thinges, as sone as it is strained, as is aforesaied: and put thereunto an vnce of Aloe Epati∣cum, prepared and ordered, as is aboue saied: or at the lest as the Apoticaries doe sell it, and call it Aloe Lotum, with the iuice of Roses, or other wise, the whiche ye muste put in, well beaten to pouder, with halfe an vnce of Cassia Li∣gnea, and kepe all this cōposition in a violle, or other ves∣sell well couered. The maner of receiuyng it, is to heate it a litle at the breake of the daie, and to take halfe a glasse full or more of it, accordyng to the exigent of the sicknesse, and the qualitie of the persone, & hauing taken it, he must kepe his bedde a while, and slepe, if it be possible: and then rise and walke aboute the house, or els where at his plea∣sure. Neuerthelesse, it were better that he kept the house,

and specially bicause of the mouyng of the body. And this maie he vse .v.vij.ix. or .xj. mornynges: for the pluralitie can not hurte. Also this potion or drinke, is of soche ex∣quisite boūtie for mannes body, that we nede to vse none other maner of purgation, or medicine.

¶A verie easie and good remedie, for to heale all maner of Poc∣kes, whiche is made with litle cost, and requireth not that a manne kepe his bedde or his house, but maie vse it going in the streetes: And it is also verie good for all sortes of grief in the iointes, in what part of the bodie so euer it be.

TAke .iij. poundes of rawe Honie, and a poūd of the Iuice of the flowers of an herbe called Molis or Lung worte, whiche hath his leafe somewhat long, fatt, or full of carnosite, and somewhat white, his flower Yelowe, fassio∣ned like a belle: and for lacke of the flowers, the Iuice of the herbe: then take halfe a pounde of Lignum Sanctum, beaten into pouder, and hauing let it boile in cōmon wa∣ter, a good while, ye must straine it, and put the said iuice with the saied Honnie, into a pot, puttyng to it three vn∣ces of Aloe epaticum, ordered as is afore said, or as the A∣poticaries sell it, wasshed with the Iuice of Roses. And then, vpon the saied Aloe beaten to pouder, ye must poure as moche of the saied water, wherein the Guaiacum hath boiled, as wyll mounte in the potte fower or fine fingers high:* 1.2 then adde thereunto twoo vnces of the Vineigre of Squilla, and lette it boile faire and softly, by the space of halfe an houre, or a litle more, skummyng well alwaies the H••unie, and when it hath almoste boiled inough, put vnto it three vnces of fine Sinamō, well beaten into pou∣der, set it again a while vpon the fire: then, hauyng taken it of, and setten it vp to keepe, ye muste heate of it in the morning a glasse full: and after you haue dronken it, eate a litle piece of a Quince, or of a fruite called in Latine Sorbum, in Frenche Corme, or grene Grapes, Pome Gra∣nade, or of some other bindyng thyng, what ye will: and keepe your bedde, sleapyng as long as you will: and also

after you be risen, and haue doen your businesse, yea, out of the house, if it come so to passe. But (as we haue said) to keepe your bedde or house, is alwaies the best for you, when ye vse Phisicke. And this potion or drinke, muste you take from daie to daie: but if the paine be not to vehe∣ment, it shall suffice being taken twise in the weeke: and this doyng, you shall see a wonderfull operation, and ye shall not nede to vse Lignum sanctū, nor any other thing. This remedy onely is sufficiente for all menne, and hath been proued and experimented diuers tymes, and vpon diuers persones.

¶To dissolue and reducte gold into a potable licoure, whiche con∣serueth the youth and health of a manne, as well taken by it self, as mingled with the foresaied licoure, spoken of in the second Chapiter of this presente booke, and will heale euery disease that is thought curable, in the space of seuen daies at the furthest.

TAke a glasse full of the Iuice of Limons, and heate it ouer the fire, vntill it beginne almoste to seeth: then take it from the fire, and strain it three or fower times through a Linnen clothe, and afterwarde distille it through a long gutter of Felte: then take twoo pounde of rawe Ho••nie, and sette it on the fire in a pot, mixyng with it the said Iuice of Lemons, and adding thereunto halfe a pounde of common salte, that is clene, white and well beaten: mixe well all together, and let it seeth faire and softly, vntill there remaine no more skum of the Honnie. Then take that remaineth in the pot, and distill it in a vrinall of glasse, makyng but a smalle fire at the beginnyng, encreasyng it by litle and litle, and at the ende greate and sharpe: and whē all is cooled again, open the violle, and powre the water out of the recipient, into an other violle, stoppyng it sure for takyng vente. This dooen, ye muste breake the vrinall of glasse, and take the lies that shall remain in the bottome, and put it into a co∣uered pot, the whiche pot you muste couer ouer and ouer with claie or morter, to the entente it maie the better en∣dure

the fire: and after put it into some fournesse, where glasse is made, or into a potters fournesse or Lune kill, or some other semblable thing, so that it maie be in a greate fire, by the space of twoo or three daies. And after that the saied substaunce shall be taken out again, stampe it well, and for a pounde of the same, put in fower vnces of Man∣na, and twoo vnces of Suger candie, and if there be more or lesse of the substaunce, ye must put in a good proportiō of the Manna and Suger candie, in equall quantitie with the substaunce. Then put al into an other vrinall of good glasse, well claied, and powre vpon it the water, whiche you kept before in the violle, puttyng thereunto twise as moche fine Aqua vite, as was in the saied first violle. And hauyng trimmed and sette the vrinall of Glasse vpon the fournesse, with his limbecke, and his recipient, and well closyng all the iointes with claie or morter, ye shall make the matter distill faire and softly, with a smalle fire: for it will easely distill: & when it will distill no more, augment your fire, so that ye maie distille all that is possible. But you must leaue the water, with the violle, vpon the four∣nesse, without mouyng it any whit, vntill you will put it in experience. This doen, take fine golde foile, that is of xxiiij. Carates well fined with Antimonium: and take of the saied fotle, what quantitie ye will, in a cup of glasse, in minglyng theim well with Honnie, or with Iulep ro∣set or Violet, as men are wont to dresse it to write with∣all, whereof we will put parfitely all the maners and fa∣sious, in the fift boke of this volume. And after you haue well vnmixed, and purged it from the saied Honnie with hotte water, as shall bee saied in the same place, you shall put them to stille in a violle of glasse: and then hauing ta∣ken of the recipiente, put the saied water into a long nec∣ked glasse, well stopped with white waxe, hauyng firste put vpon the said gold, whiche is in the violle, the height of fiue fingers of the saied water: and then set to the lim∣beck with his recipiēt, stoppyng well with clate the ioin∣tes, makyng the water, whiche shall be vpō the said gold, to distill with a small fire, not augmenting it at the ende,

to make all to distill: and care not if the gold remain some what moist. This doen, take awaie the Limbeck frō the Violle, without takyng awaie or vntiyng the recipiente from the said Limbeck, not sturryng the water out of the recipient. But take some man to helpe you, who, whiles you take the Limbeck of from the Vrinall, shall powre v∣pon the saied gold, the same water that you kept in the vi∣olle, stopped with white waxe: & let hym put in as moche as at the firste tyme, that is to saie, the heighte of fiue fin∣gers: then immediatly set the Limbeck vpon the Vrinall again, closing well with claie the iointes or sides a newe, makyng the distillation as afore, and so consequently, vn∣till all the water of the saied violle, bee distilled vpon the saied gold. And finally, ye shall powre the gold out of the violle into a glasse, somewhat greate, to holde the water that you haue distilled into it at diuers times, as we haue said in the Chapiter before: then set to the Limbeck with his recipient, and see that by the space of .xv. or .xx. daies, the water of the bathe be hotte, without seethyng, so that yet nothing maie distille. Then after make the water to seeth, and distille all that maie be distilled: and in the bot∣tome of the violle, the golde will remaine dissolued into a licoure moste precious, whiche you must keepe in some li∣tle glasse well stopped. And if you will haue it yet finer, you maie make it without takyng it out of the said glasse, in puttyng to it again the saied water, and distillyng it a freshe, not kepyng (for all that) the water from seethyng, as you did before, but make it seeth and distille all at ones and this distillyng maie you reiterate as oftē as you will: for the oftener it is distilled, the better it is. Thus doing ye shall haue a right, naturall, and perfite potable golde, whereof somewhat taken alone, euery monethe ones or twise, or at the leaste with the saied licoure, whereof wee haue spoken in the seconde Chapiter of this booke: is ve∣rie excellente to preserue a mannes youth and health, and to heale in fewe daies, any disease rooted in a manne, and thought incurable. The saied gold will be also good and profitable, for diuers other operations & effectes: as good

wittes & diligent searchers of the secretes of nature, maie easely iudge. In this same maner (obseruyng all thynges diligently) a man maie make of s••iluer beaten into foile to haue likewise a potable s••iluer, of a meruellous vertue, yet not soche as the golde: And I assure you, that I sawe aboue, .v. yeres ago, an Englishe man haue a water made of siluer, paraduenture, trimmed & dressed after an other sort, accordyng to diuers differēt waies, tēding (notwith∣standyng) all to one ende, with the whiche water the saied Englishe man did many thinges, estemed as miraculous, in healing many painfull diseases and infirmities of mā.

¶To heale an excrescens or growyng vp of the fleshe, within the yarde of a man, albeit it were rooted in of a long tyme.

TAke the lies of Honie distilled, or, if you cā not haue soche, take Honie, and burne it in a pot: and put the blacke leefe that shal re∣main in the bottome, into an other pot, or into an irō pan, & set it to burne or calcine in a vernishers fournesse, or soche other in a great fire, by the space of .iij. or .iiij. daies, wherof ye shal haue a substaunce as yelowe as gold, the whiche will be excellent, to laie vpon all manner of woundes: for it eateth awaie the euill fleshe, mondifieth, and healeth the good, without pain or grief, whiche maketh to be moche better for all woundes, then is the Precipitatum, that the Sy∣rurgens comonly vse. Take then of this pouder an vnce, of Dogges turdes .ij. vnces, leese of wine halfe a dragme, whiche is the halfe of theight part of an vnce, fine suger•• a dragme, roche Alume burned a dragme, of Nill a dragme let all these thynges bee well beaten to pouder, and sifted through a fine seeue & then take grene leaues of an Oliue tree, and beate them in a morter of stone, moisting them a litle with white wine, the whiche being well stamped, ye must strain in a presse, or betwene .ij. trāchours, for to get out the Iuice, and putte to it as moche Plantaine Iuice: then set it to the fire in a litle potte, and afterward put in it by litle and litle the saied pouder, minglyng altogether

continually: And laste of all ye muste adde vnto it, a litle grene waxe, and a verie litle Honie rosat, that it maie be a liquide ointemente and so keepe it. This ointemente is very precious, to consume all maner of ercrescence, or growyng vp of fleshe, in any tender place of the body, as in the secrete members, or in the nose, whereunto a man dare not applicque any strong or smartyng thyng. Now when ye muste vse it for the carnosite, within a mannes yarde, you shall take firste of all a Squirte, and fill it with white wine, wherein drie Roses, and Plantaine leaues haue been sodden and boiled, wherewith also ye shall mix a litle womans milke, or the milke of a Gote: then washe well the mannes yarde within, with this Squirte: After this take a litle waxe candell, somwhat long, and of soche greatnesse, as it maie enter into his yarde, at the poincte whereof ye shall put a litle of the saied ointemente, war∣ming it a litle, and thrust it as farre into his yarde as you can, vntil you feele the Carnosite, and leaue the said oint∣mente within the yarde a litle while: then take it out a∣gain, and doe thus mornyng and euenyng, liyng a bedde his bealie vpward, when ye shall put in the candell with the ointement, and you shall see a meruellous effecte: for it shall heale hym throughly, in fewe daies, without any daunger.

To heale all maner of inflamatiō and euill disposition of the liuer, and by this same secrete haue been healed certain per∣sones, whiche had their faces as it were Leparie, greate swol∣len legges, their handes inflambed, and rough within side.

TAke flower, or Amilum made of Barley, whiche ye shall easily finde at the Apoticaries, and seeth it halfe an houre in common water: then straine it, and put it in an other newe pot, that is clene and not, puttyng to it a fewe Mallowes, Succorie, Hop∣pes, Endiue, and Burrage: and seeth all these together, vntill it bee dissolued, and adde to it an vnce of Sandal: and then straine all, and take in a linnen clothe, as moche Cassia extracta, as will goe in to twoo Nuttes, and put it

within the saied linen clothe with the Cassia, while the water be hote, pressyng it so harde betwene your twoo fingers, that all the substaunce of it, maie goe into the saied water: then putte it to the Suger or Penides, as moche as you will. Of this drinke, whiche is of a very amiable sauoure, ye must take from daie to daie, a litle glasse ful in the mornyng, liyng in your bed, with your brest vpward: then laiyng some linen clothe vpon your stomack, slepe if you can, and take of it also after you be vp, and haue dooen your necessaries, the whiche doyng you shal finde your self very well healed in fewe daies. But here note, that this must be doen in Sommer, and not in Winter: and he that hath his stomack very cold, maie weare before his brest, some pece of Scarlat, or o∣ther clothe, and sometyme annointe his stomacke with an oile, made for the weakenesse of it, the perfecte com∣position whereof, we will put hereafter.

To heale the Emorhodes or Piles in a nighte, a rare secrete and verie excellente.

TAke the leaues of grene Elder, and boyle theim in water, vntill thei be dissolued: Then take a piece of redde cloth, a litle bigger then the palme of your hand, and stretche it a long vpō your palme. Now, must the pacient be in his bed, with his bealy doune∣ward, bicause ye must laie the said leaues vpon the E∣morhodes, hot as thei wer taken out of the caudron, ha∣uyng laied vpon them before, a litle oile Oliue. Then take an other litle piece of cloth, with other leaues, and take awaie the first, continuyng thus, and chaungyng alwaies the leaues, if not all the night, at the least as long as ye maie: and also in the meane time, ye must let the patient slepe as moche as he will, who, in the mor∣nyng shall finde hym self as lustie, and as well disposed as if he had neuer had the disease.

A singuler ointment, whiche healeth all burnynges with fire, not leauyng any cicatrice or skarre where it hath been.

TAke the white of twoo Egges, twoo vnces of Tutia Alexandrina, twoo vnces of quicke Lime wasshed in .ix. waters, an Vnce of new Waxe, with as moche Oyle Rosatte, as shall suffice, and make thereof an ointmente, whiche ye shall finde verie good, for this that we haue spoken of.

A perfecte and proued remedie for them that bee weake of stomacke, and can not keepe their meate, without vomi∣tyng it vp again.

HAuyng taken twoo pounde of redde waxe, and made prouision of a dishefull of oile o∣liue, take peces of Alablaster, and heate thē in the fire, and then quenche theim in the saied Oile: heate them again, and quenche them as before: and so three or fower times. This doen beate the Alablaster to pouder, and mixe it with the said ware and oile, wherein it was quenched: then put all to distill through a croke necked violle, like a Bagge pipe claied rounde about, sauyng the bottome, whiche distil∣lers beyonde sea doe vse, the Frenche men cal Retorte or Cornue, and make soche a fire, as the Oile maie distille, w^t al the rest y^t possible maie be distilled: and then keepe it, puttyng to it halfe an vnce of Mirrhe, beaten in pou∣der. And when you will put it in effecte, ye must take a litle pan of Brasse, or Iron: and hauyng the toppes and leaues of Worme woode, whiche is a bitter herbe, put them in the saied Oile, and seeth or frie all together: then take it, hote as it is, and rubbe the patientes breast with it, vp to the throte, doyng thus alwaies at night, when he is in his bedde, and it shall make his stomacke strong. He must vse in his meate, as moche Rosemarie as he can, bee it rawe or otherwise, and specially in his drinke. He must vse likewise the moste excellente Aqua vite, whereof we will speake hereafter.

An excellente remedie, wherewith a woman of .xxxvi. yeres was healed, that had so marred her stomacke, that in the space of twoo yeres and an balfe, she was neuer natural∣ly purged douneward: and as sone as she had eatē any thing, she vomited it vp againe, so that she became yelowe, and as drie as a sticke.

A Monke, of the order of saincte Augustine, a man of greate knowledge, and full of mer∣uelous secretes, healed the saied woman, with this remedy followyng: &, in the space of .xvij. daies, made her as whole and sound faire, and wel coloured, as she was before her sicknesse.

First of all, he had made a litle ouen, like vnto soche as men bake breade in, y^e which he did heate with rose∣marie: and the sayd Ouen was in facion like a Bakers Ouen, wherein he baked litle pretie loaues and cakes, whiche he gaue her a lone, without any other thyng to eate, viij. or .x. daies, and gaue her white wine to drinke without water. He gaue her also gentle meates, with Sinamom and Suger: and euery mornyng gaue her in a glasse, aboute a finger heighte of water, made after this maner folowing. Aqua vite halfe a glasse ful, wher∣in he put the yelowe pille of halfe a Citron, or Orenge cut in pieces, the flowers of Rosemarie a handfull, fine Sinamom an vnce, Safron a quarter of a dragme, Bē∣gewin a dragme, with a litle Muske: and made her to bee washed ouer and ouer, or bathed in the decoction of Rosemarie, and other swete herbes, ones a weeke: and euery night annointed her breast with the saied Oile, distilled and sodden with Wormewoode. And aboue al thynges, commaunded her to keepe a Cushen vpon her stomacke, in the night tyme, and caused her to lye long a bedde in the mornyng: he made her also eate the con¦fection of Diambre. And in this wise he made her in xvij. daies, as whole and as faire, as she was before, whom no Phisicion could euer finde remedy for, duryng al the tyme of her sicknesse.

Three remedies verie good against he wormes in litle children.

TAke the flower of wheate well boulted, as moche as will lye vpon three crounes of gold, and put it in a glasse, and powre vnto it well water, or foū∣tain water, so moche as will stiepe the said flower, and make it looke like as it wer milke, and no thinner: then giue the childe drinke of it, and you shall see that with his siege, the Wormes will come forthe starke dedde, whiche is a verie good remedy.

¶The seconde remedie.

TAke a Citron or Orenge, and make in hym a hole, as big as a peny, by the whiche hole with wringyng, ye shall make the licoure come out: and hauyng made a hole into the middle and more, ye shall powre in to it oile of Baie free or leaues, the Iuice of Rue, the Iuice of Wormewood, Triacle, flower of a kinde of poulse corne, called Lupinum or Lupi∣nus in Latine, hauyng one stalke, the leafe in fiue diui∣sions, the codde creuised aboute, hauing in it fiue or sixe graines, harde, broad, and redde. Thei be common in Fraunce & Italie, but here vnneth knowen. And seeth all this a while: and then powre it in a dishe, and an∣nointe therewith the childes nauell, stomacke, temples nosetrilles, and the vttermoste part of his poulses, and ye shall immediatly see a wonderfull operation.

¶The thirde remedie.

FOr children that be so litle, that a man can not minister the medecine in at the mouth, you shall take very good Aqua vitae, where∣with ye shall washe or weate the stomacke, or the breast of the childe: then pouder ouer the said places, with the pouder of fine Mirrhe, and laie the child doune a litle while, with his breast vpwarde, and you shal see incontinent, that with the dunge of the child, the worme shall come out dead.

To heale children of the Lunatike disease, whiche hap∣peneth vnto theim, by reason of a worme with twoo heades, that breedeth in their bodies, the whiche worme, commyng vnto the harte, causeth theim to haue soche a passion, that often tymes it killeth theim.

TAke the tender stalkes of a Wildyng tree, and drie theim in the shadowe: then stampe theim well, and sifte theim, and take of the saied pou∣der, and the roote of Gentian, & of long Perne of eche of them a quarter of an vnce, and half a quarter of an vnce of Mirrhe. All these thynges well beaten in pouder, ye shall put in a disshe, or in some other vessell, as you thinke good: moist them with a litle water: then take of it with your twoo fingers, and weate the lippes and the mouthe of the child. Doe this three or fower ti∣mes, and you shall see the worme come out deade with his siege. This haue I often tymes seen by experience, and many children, whiche, for lacke of good help, haue died with soche maner of Wormes, the whiche after∣warde beyng opened, menne haue founde the Worme stickyng vpon their hartes. And for the same accidente the other remedies, whiche we haue written before, a∣gainst the Wormes, be also very good.

A remedie for the fallyng sick nesse.

TAke Germander gathered in Ma••••, when it is in blosome: drie it in the shadowe, and make it in pouder. And when you will vse it, take the yelke of an Egge or twaine, and sturryng or breakyng it with a sponefull of the saied pouder: then seeth it, and giue it to the paciente to eate. Dooe this, Mornyng and Euenyng, eight daies long: but all this while he must abstaine from wine, and carnall compa∣ny of women, from al sorte of poulse, as Beanes, Pea∣son, Vetches, Tares, and soche other, from Salades, salte Fleshe, and from all other thynges, whiche are of a harde concoction or digestion. A verie goodly and no∣table secrete.

To make oile of Brimstone, to heale all maner of Cankers diseases or sores, whiche come of a putrified humoure, and renne cōtinually, commonly called Fistules, and also to heale olde and inueterate woundes.

TAke Brimstone beaten in pouder, and hauyng steeped and mollified it, with common oile, put it in a Gourde, apte to still out of, so that it bee brought as it were like pa••••e, the whiche you shall distill through the mouthe of the said Gourde: and the oile that shall drop out, ye shall put into a violle, fil∣lyng it halfe full: and afterwarde fill vp the saied violle with Plantan water, and with the Iuice of Cardus bene∣dictus, and so let it boile a pretie while. Then washe the wounde with Aqua vite, or white wine, and laie to it of the said oile, and in fewe daies ye shall heale it parfitly.

To take awaie the venim or poyson from a wounde, made by some poisoned weapon or arrowe.

TAke Assa Fetida, and a gomme called Galbanum, of eche of them an vnce, and steepe them in Vi∣naigre, the space of a night, then sette it to the fier to dissolue, and straine it through a Linen clothe, miring with it twoo vnces of Vnguentū diabasilicū: and laie it to the wounde, and incontinent the said oint∣mente will drawe vnto it self, and kill all the venim, so that the wounde maie afterward be healed, as all other maner of woundes bee: and in case ye lacke, or can not get Galbanum, it shall suffice to haue onely Assa Fetida, to drawe the venim out of the saied wounde.

Against the bityng of all venemous beastes.

AS soone as the person feleth hymself bitten, with any venimous beast (or at the leaste as sone as is possible) take grene leaues of a figge tree, and presse the milke of them, three or fower times in to the wounde. And for this serueth also Mustard seede mingled with vinagre.

To drawe an arrowe heade or other Iron, out of a wound.

TAke the iuice of valerian, in the whiche ye shall weate a tente, and put it into the wounde, lai∣yng the said herbe stamped vpon it, then make your bindyng or bande, as it appertaineth, and by this meanes ye shall drawe out the Iron. And after heale the wounde, accordyng as it shall require.

Against a vehement cough of yong children.

TAke the Iuice of Persely, pouder of Commin, womannes milke, and mixe all well together: then giue the childe drinke thereof, and after, make this ointment folowing. Take the seede of Line or Flaxe, and Fenigreke, and seeth them in cō∣mon water: then presse with your hand, the substaunce of the saied herbes, whiche you shall mingle with But∣ter, and so annointe the childes breast with it, heatyng it often tymes.

For hym that hath a bunche or knobbe in his heade, or that hath his heade swollen with a fall.

TAke an vnce of Baie salt, rawe Honie thre vn∣ces, Commin three Vnces, Turpentine twoo vnces, intermingle all this well vpon the fire: then laie it abrode vpō a linen clothe, and make thereof a plaister, the whiche ye shall laie whote to his heade, and it will altogether aswage the swell yng, and heale hym cleane and nete.

A good remedie for one that is deffe.

TAke Mint, Sage, Penniroiall, Rosema∣rie, Isope, Mugworte or Motherworte, wilde Minte, Calaminte, Camomille, Millefoile, Yarrow or Noseblede, herbe saincte Ihon, Wormewood, Southern∣wood, Centorie, of eche of them a hand••full: Seeth theim in a cleane pan, with as moche good white wine, as there be herbes, and let it seeth altoge∣ther,

vntil the third part be diminished: then cause these oiles folowyng, to be made at the Apoticaries: old Oile twoo vnces, oile of Leeke, oiles of Almondes, of eche of them an vnce, of the iuice of Rue halfe an vnce, of Mal∣uoisie an vnce and a halfe: put all these thynges in a lōg neckt glasse or violle, and let it seeth with a smalle fier, vntill the Iuice and the Maluosie bee almoste all consu∣med: then take it from the fire, and putte in to it these Drogues folowyng, well beaten into pouder, that is to saie, Spiknard, Coloquintida, the stone of a Beuer, cal∣led Castoreū, Mastic, of eche of them a grain and a halfe: stoppe wel the said violle, that nothyng maie take vent: then put it in a pan full of water, and make it seeth the space of three howers. Then take it from the fire, and powre the said licours in some platter, whiche you shall set in the sonne, and leaue it there vntill it shall become verie cleare, and hauyng strained it through some fine linen cloth, and pressed well the substaunce, ye shall put a grain and a half of Muske in a disshe, and incorporate it well by litle and litle, with the saied Oile, and then keepe it in a violle, well stopped with waxe and Parch∣mente. After this, take the pan with the saied herbes, and heate theim vpon the fire: then take, for a couer or lidde, a fonnell made of white Iron: and when ye go to bedde, couer the pan with the saied fonnell, and see that the pan be good and hote: then, by the litle hole aboue, let the patient take the smoke into his eare, by the space of halfe an hower. This doen, heate the said oile, vntill it be luke warme, and let it droppe into his eare two or three droppes: and stoppe his eare with a litle Musked bombase, or Cotton, and let him slepe therevpon. Now he muste, in receiuyng the parfume or smoke into his eare, haue in his mouth some drie Beanes, and after he hath chewed theim, spit them out again, to thende that in chewyng, he maie open the conduites of his Eares. And with the grace of God, he shall find hymself healed in fewe daies, prouided, that the disease be in aniwise curable. If in case this helpe not, ye neede not seeke any

other remedie in the worlde. If a man haue also anie hummyng or noyse in his eares, let him vse the sayde medecine, & you shall se, with Gods helpe a wonderfull thinge: for it will heale the defenesse of a man, though he haue had it .xxx. yeres, so that he be not borne deafe. Let him vse also to take pilles to purge his head, and to eate good meate alwaies.

To heale a woman that hath the Matrice out of her na∣naturall place.

TAke a Flinte stone that hath bene alwaies in the earth, and not taken the ayer, and put it in some basket, couered in a greate fire: and whan it is verie hote, put it in a litle Tubbe or barrell, and weete it wyth Vinagre cast vpon it, and cause the woman to stand o∣uer it, to receiue the smoke or parfume of it, and than let her go to bed, for this must be doone at night. Ye shall, after this, take of the iuice of Rue, & make a litle rounde balle of Cotton, wherunto ye shal tie a threede: and than dippe the saied balle in the sayd iuice of Rue, and put it into the mouth of the Matrice, the which wil incontinent take the balle, and draw it in, and than it will returne into his naturall place agayne. But you muste binde and tie the ball sure and well, least parad∣uenture it should remayne within. After this, make an oyntment as foloweth, wherwith ye shall anoynte the reynes of her backe. Take an herbe called in Greeke Ciclaminos, of the latines Rapum, Tuber terrae, or Vmbilicus terrae, of the Apoticaries Panis porcinus, of the Frenche men Pain de pore, and Rue, as muche of one as of the o∣ther, and stampe them well: and than seeth it in a pan with olde oyle, vntill the whole be diminished by the thirde part. This doone, let it coole againe, and hauing pressed out all the substaunce, ye shall power it into an other new pan, adding to it a litle new waxe, and hea∣tyng it all together, vntill it be well incorporated: thā annoynte her raynes with all, and lay hote Tow vpon

it, and than swaddel her as women do yonge infantes. And so she must be layed in her bed, with her belly vp∣warde, and her head lower than her buttockes. Thys must ye do from night to night, three times, & she shall be healed. She must also eate whote thinges in opera∣tion, as Pigeons, and Hennes, with spices and other like thynges. She shall be healed without any greefe, and if she had had it .xxx. yeres.

¶To make a womans milke to come and encrease.

TAke the greene leaues of Fenell, & make ther∣of a decoction, be it in wine or water, wherof ye shall geue the woman drinke, as wel at her meales, as other wise, as often as may be, and she shall be abondant in milke. Furthermore, if the woman haue not ordinarilie her naturall purgacion called Floures, this wll serue her for a good medecine.

¶A verie goodly secrete for the gommes or burgeons that remaine of the great Pockes, as well olde as new.

TAke Bole armenick, Vinagre, and oyle Roset, and make thereof a defensife,* 1.3 or oyntment, an∣noynting the burgeons round aboute .iij. or .iiij. fingers large: thā take .ij partes of the oyle of an herbe called Euphorbium, first founde out by Iuba the kyng of Libia. Looke Ruellius, Lib. 3. cap. 53. and one part of oyle Violet: and mixe them together, and annoynt the bur∣geons with all, hauynge first well wasshed them with Redde wine, vorie hote. And whan you haue thus an∣noynted them, with the sayd oyle of Euphorbiū, lay vpon it some litle bande annoynted with Butter, leauing it so three or foure houres, or as longe as you will: than vncouer the Burgeons, and if you finde no bladders, do once agayne as before, vntill you se some. And than you maie pricke and breake the saied bladders, or let them breake of them selues: & than ye may heale them with some healyng oyntment.

Another remedie for the same bourgeons of the Pockes.

WAshe the burgions with Wine, and make the defensif aboue saied: than take .iij. par∣tes of Vnguentum aureum, and one parte of Sublimatum, well broken or beaten: men∣gle the saied Sublimatum w^t the said oynt∣ment, and lay it with a plaster vpon the burgeons, lea∣uing it therupon, a day or more, if you can, & ye shal find the burgeons or buddes, and the flesh fayre and neate, whiche will seeme to be a miraculous thynge, and if it worke not well at the firste, ye must renew it agayne, twise or thrise, accordyng as the burgeons shalbe hard and olde. Now, whan they be thorowlie dissolued and leused, take Butter wasshed with Wyne, and lay it vpon a linnen cloth, and put it vpon them, and so shall you heale them perfectlie. Note also that the saied oint∣ment, with the Sublimat, will draw vnto him all the aquosite, and euil humours of the arme or legge, wher∣vnto it is layde. Wherfore it will not onlie heale the place where you laye it, but will also purge the whole member of all euill humours, that is in it, and therfore there is a verie good water confect and made of it, for to heale scabbes, as we will tell you afterwarde. It healeth also all other accidentes, wherupon you make any outwarde application: and (as we haue sayed) dra∣weth to him selfe al the watrishnes, and humour of the member, wherupon it is layde. Now, whan you wyll lay it vpon the burgeons, or vpon anie corrupte place, weete wel the linnen clothe, and the band that you wil binde it withall: weete well also rounde aboute the in∣fect or sore place: for the said medecine, will draw all the corruption thorow the saied places. And this is a verie worthie and cra••i••••te secrete, for all thinges, so that it be well vsed, made and applied.

A verie easie and parfite remedie for him that hath anie blow with aswo•• d••staffe, or stone, or other like thyng, yea, though he were gr••uouslie wounded.

TAke Taxue barbatus, and stampe it, and take the iuice of it: and if the wounde bleede, wipe it, and make it cleane, wasshinge it with white wine, or water: than lay of the sayd iuice vpon the wounde, and the herbe vpon it, of the whiche you toke the iuice, and than make your bindinge, and let it be on it a whole daie: and you shall se a wonderfull effecte.

¶A water to beale all maner of woundes in short space: whiche is a thinge that euerye man ought alwayes to haue in his house, for the accidentes and chaunces that maye fall, seyng it is easye to bee made, and wyth lytle cost, and that it is of so meruelous an operation.

TAke a pounde of newe yelowe waxe, or as muche as you will, and lette it melte vpon a fier in a cleane panne: and then powre it into another panne, or dishe, wherein must bee Malmsey, Muscadel, or other white wyne that is very good: afterwarde take it out of the wine and melt it agayne: then powre it again vpon the said wine, doing so .vii. ti∣mes. And then take the said waxe, & melt it vpō the fier, mixyng with it a handfull of bricke finely beaten into dust: incorporate all well together, & put it into a croke necked viole of glasse, which distillars, call a Bagpipe, claied about vp to the middes of the necke: & let it distill first with a litle fier, by the space of .viij. houres: & after∣ward make your fier greater, & at thende verie greate. But you must aboue all thing, close wel the sydes and ioyntes of the saied vessell, and of the recipient, which must be somewhat greate. After that the ouen & all the other thinges bee colde agayn, you shall take the wa∣ter out of the recipient, and shall powre it into a violl well stopped with waxe and cyred clothe, so that in no race it maye take vent: neither set it in a place where anye heate of the sonne or fier maye come to it: for it is of so fine a substaunce, that it woulde flie and vanishe

awaie immediatlye. The saide lycour is merueylous good for all kinde of woundes: and ye must weate and moist the wounde with it, and hynde vpon it a piece of lynen clothe steeped in the sayd water. And amonge all the experiences that hath been seene, thys was experi∣mented and proued vpon a seruaunt of a noble man cal¦led Feonello Pio de Carpe, resydent in Venise, the yere 1548. the whiche seruaunte hauinge receyued a stroke with a dagger vpon the insteppe of the foote, whiche is a place verye daungerous, did nothing but laye therto a lytle of the sayde water, whiche a gentell man of the saide Senyor Leonello had in his house: & in the space of two daies he was so healed that skant coulde a man perceyue the cicatrice or skarre where the cut was: it is also exceding good for shronken synowes. And if thys foresayd water bee well and naturally made or distilled the second time, it is of so fine and persyng substaunce, that if a man laye of it vpon the palme of his hande, ye shal see it perse thorowe incontinent and in a moment, and leaue the place drie as thoughe it had neuer been layde there. Therefore they that haue any knowledge maye helpe diuers diseases, in adding to it some other licour or pouder, suche as they woulde haue perse into the fleshe.

To make oyle of S. Ihons wort, which is called in Venise, and in diuers other places redde oyle: and is of suche vertue that a man can skantly expresse it, as well to heale woundes, as other infinite diseases, whereof we wyll shewe the most notable, and those that haue been founde trew by experience.

YOu must gather in the moneth of May and Iune, the herbe called of the Greekes Hy∣pericon, of the Latynes Perforata, of the Frenchmen Millepertuis, and of vs in En∣glande S. Ihons worte, before it begin to floryshe or haue floures: and stampe it in a morter of marble, or of wood very cleane, and putte it so stamped

in a violle or glasse: and then powre to it as muche white wine as will couer it all ouer, and adde to it of good oyle olyue aboute the height of two fyngers, lea∣uyng it so in the saide glasse wel stopped, and after that ye must gather the said herbe with his blossomes vpon S. Ihons day in the mornyng after the sonne is rysen, and puttyng the blossomes a part, ye must stampe wel the herbe with the stalkes, and after ye haue cut it very small, take it out of the morter, and stampe it in the same morter also a litle, the floures or blossoms whiche you kepte a parte, and mingle them with theyr herbe, whiche was stamped before. But the blossomes muste wey foure times or very nigh as muche as al the herbe that ye gathered in the moneth of Maye, and before S. Ihons day, and was putte in the saide violle or glasse, with the wine and oyle olyue. You muste after this mingle al these things together, and put them in some violle or glasse, or els in some pan of earth very cleane, with the said wine and oyle olyue, and put to it againe other wine and oyle, vntil al bee couered as before: and then set al this in the Sonne in some vessell well stop∣ped. And twelue or fiftene daies after when the seede of S. Ihons wort shalbe ripe, you must gather of it in the morning after the Sonne is vp: and stampe it well, and so mingle it with the saide herbe, and blossomes: but you must put no wine to it, sauynge onely the oyle oliue. And the saied seede muste in quantitie wey as much as the fourth or thirde parte of the sayd herbe be∣fore the wyne bee putte to it: also the oyle must bee of suche quantitie, as maye be aboue all the substaunces a good handfull or twoo. After this set a caudron of wa∣ter on the fier, with hey or strawe in the bottom: and put the saied violle into it so that it bee not in daunger of breakyng, when the water beginneth to seeth. This maner of setting the violles or glasses in a caudron of boylyng water, is called of our moderne Philisophers, Balneum Marie, and it is dressed and trimmed in thys sorte, as well for to distill with a Lymbecke, as for to

make putrefaction, euaporation, or dissolution: of the whiche thinges we wyll speake afterwarde, when we comme to the matter of distyllyng. Then muste you make the water in the saide caudron to seeth, with the substaunce whiche is in it, by the space of thre or foure houres, according to the quantitie of the said substaun∣ces, vntyl the wine, or at the least the most part of it be dronke and consumed, which ye shal know in this ma∣ner. Take a litle of the substaunce on the ende of a sticke, and caste it in the fier, and if it burne withoute anye noyse, it is a signe that there is no moore wyne left. The sayde violle muste bee vncouered whyle the water boyleth, because the wyne maye euaporate and breathe out. And if the sayde substaunce bee so great in the violle, that it passe fyue or syxe pounde, ye shal put to it these thinges folowing, accordyng to the weyght and measure that we wyl shewe you, and kepe alwais good proporcion, accordinge to the quantitie of the weyghte of the water, whiche shalbe moore or lesse then fyue pounde. Fyrst take quicke brymstone, or els when it is made into long canes or stickes half a poūd, commune white salte, eyght vnces, of smallage a dish∣full wel washed, fyrst in water, and then in honnye ro∣sat, or other honny (so that it bee sodden and skymmed) foure vnces: ten vnces of Turpentyne, washed once or twise in well, ryuer, or conduite water, of the iuyce of Taxus barbatus, of the iuyce of white or blacke Dictamum, of eche of them foure vnces, of Saffron thre vnces, roo∣tes of Dictamum, rootes of Gentian, the rootes of Impe∣ratoria the rootes of the herbe called Crocodilium or Car∣lina, the rootes of Valerian, and the rootes of Selan∣dyne, of eche of them two vnces. And if the sayd roo∣tes be greene, you muste stampe them wel: if they bee drie, ye must beate them into pouder: an vnce of myrre, two vnces of redde ware, two vnces of fyne Triacle, an vnce of the seedes of a Cedar tree, thre vnces of yuy seede thorowe rype, foure vnces of the seede of a Bay tree thorowe rype, syxe vnces of aqua vitae, an vnce of

Synamom, half an vnce of lignum Aloe. Let all these be well stamped, and put in a violle or vrinall with the saide herbe, blossomes, and oyle: ye muste stoppe well the saide violle, that the substaunce haue no maner vent or euaporation. Then make a fier vnder the cau∣dron so that the water maie be hotte without seething, and keepe it so the space of two or thre dayes: and the longer the better. If in cace the fier go out in the night there is no greate daunger: ye maie make it againe in the morning, but you must kepe it so much the longer. Hauing then taken the violle out of the caudron, and left it in the Sonne all the rest of the Somer, kepe it in your house well couered: and the older suche oyle wa∣reth, the better it will bee. But it shalbe good to put to it euerye yeare newe iuyce, of the saide herbe S. Ihons wort, and of the blossomes and seede well stamped, and that the saide blossomes, herbe, or seedes bee sodden, by the space of foure or sixe houres in oyle oliue: and then muste you powre all the oyle with the substaunce into some vessell, and presse well all the blossomes and the herbe, and cast them away, and put in other: and yf ye shoulde dooe so euerie yeare the oyle woulde not be the worse but rather better. If al these foresaid things can not be gotten in one season or time it is no matter: for a man maye put them in as he findeth them: and if ye can not get them all, ye may put in theim that ye can finde or get. The vertues of this excellent oile are infi∣nite, of the which we will speake onely of the chiefest, & those that haue been proued by experience, as wel of vs as of other in our presence, and by our appoyntment and orderinge. First, it hath as muche or more vertue, then the true and right baulme, and it is good for all colde griefes, as well within as without the bodie: for the Sciatica, and colde goute, in heating it and rubbing the place withal: for a quartayne, tertian, or quotidian ague, when a man anointeth the raines of the backe an houre before the ague come. Also it healeth meruelous well Colicam passionem, when a man rubbeth or anoyn∣teth

warmely his brest or stomacke withall, and when it is put in glisters with other substaunces, as we will declare in the chapter of the Colicke passion. And if ye anoynt the place about the priuie membres of a man or woman, it will make them to vrine or pisse well. If a woman haue her fruit dead in her wombe taking three or foure dragmes of the saide oyle, she shalbe deliuered incontinent. It is likewise good for all griefes of the brest or stomacke. It is a thing aboue all other most ex∣cellent and miraculous for the plage, anoyting the rai∣nes of the backe, and in drinking two dragmes or two dragmes and a halfe in good white wine: but note that it must bee dronke before the sixte houre after the sicke∣nesse is begonne, and rubbe the place of the sickenesse with it, it beinge heated. It healeth moreouer all ma∣ner vlcers, sores, boyles, botches, and corrupte matter within the skinne couered with a skabbe, as well olde as new, & also brusings, or knockes. And good for other infinite thinges, as euery man maye dayly proue by ex∣perience. And specially it is verie good for the retracti∣on or drawinge againe of woundes or such like.

¶To make an oyle of a redde dogge, by the meane wher∣of (beside other infinite vertues that it bath) I haue bealed a frier of S. Onofres, who had by the space of xij. yeres, a lame and drye withered arme lyke a sticke, so that nature gaue it no more norishement.

TAke a yonge dogge of redde heare, and keepe him thre daies without meate: and then stran∣gle him with a corde, and lette him lye dead a quarter of a houre, and in the meane time boile a kettle of oyle vpon the fier, and putte the dogge in whole or in pieces, it maketh no matter how, so that he bee all there with the skinne and heare: and make him seeth so vntill he bee almost sodden to pieces, keping al∣waies the kettle close couered. In the meane time take Scorpions to the number of foure skore or a hundreht, and putte theym in a basyn on the fier, vntill they bee

thorowly burned. Then putte them into the said ket∣tle w^t the oyle & the dogge, putting to it a good dishfull of great grounde wormes,* 1.4 or smallage well washed, a good handfull of S. Ihons worte, a handfull of wylde or marshe mallowes, and a handfull of wal wort, with an vnce of Saffron. Seeth all these thinges well toge∣ther, vntill the fleshe of the dogge be broken and fallen in pieces. And because ye must haue much oyle, ye may at the firste putte into the kettle two partes of water, and one parte of oyle: and in sething ye may powre in water, vntill the dogge bee all together broken, as is alreadie saide: then let it waxe colde. After this ye shall take the bones of him and the herbes, and when ye haue pressed and squissed them well, that all the sub∣staunce remaine in the saide oyle, caste them a waye.

This doen, you shall take only that which is aboue vp∣on the water: that is to saie, the oyle and the grease, and cast away the water, if there be muche: but if there be but a litle, so that you can skant discerne the oyle frō the water, ye shall take all together, for a litle water can not bee but good. Then straine it thorowe a stray∣ner or canuese, firste weated or steeped in white wine: and take then vnguentum Agrippe seuen or eyght vnces, of the marie of the gambon and bones of a hogge, a pounde, of the marie of the hinder thighes of an asse a pounde, or as muche as you maye get. Put all these thinges together, with the saide oyle and grease: and make it seeth vppon the fier: then adde to it a dishefull or an halfe of oyle rosat: & when it setheth, you shal put to it thre vnces of Mastick, two vnces of Gomme Elemi, eyghte vnces of redde Waxe: but the Masticke and the Gomme muste bee well beaten into pouder and sifted. And when all this hath boyled the space of halfe an houre, let it coole againe, and sette it in the Sonne in some kinde of vessel wel couered by the space of certaine daies. Then shal you haue an excellent sub∣staunce and matter for all kinde of colde infirmities, and for many other. And as I haue alredie said, I haue

seene the experience of it in a Frier of S. Onofrey, that is to saie: of them that weare anhabit of Roan co∣lour: but (as he saied) he dwelt not in the monasterie, because of the said infirmitie of his lefte arme, whiche was as drie as the braunche of a withered tree. More∣ouer, he saied vnto me, that he did not remember nor coulde tell whether that chaunced vnto him, either by sicknesse, or by some wounde or hurte. The saide arme was become smaller then the other almoste by halfe, so that the saide arme had almoste no strength at all, and coulde not helpe it selfe in no wise. I caused him then to bee annointed with the saide oyle (whiche I had set in the Sonne the Somer of the yeare 1547.) by the space of .ij. miserere, & made him tarie in the Sonne vn∣till the saied oyle was cleane dryed vp, and had perced thorowe the saied arme: and within .lv. daies, men did perceyue and see perfitelye that the veynes gaue nou∣rishment vnto the membre. Nine daies after, the arme was as full of fleshe as the other: and with the helpe of god, was as whole and sound, as though it had neuer been hurte. This saide oyntment or oyle is a precious thing, and good for al colde infirmities, & for the gout: and speciallye for all contractions or shrinkinges toge∣ther of synowes or membres, and woundes, albeit, the man were wounded in the middes of the bodie, in put∣ting into it this oyle, shal a miraculous thing beseene: and it is also good for the sinowes. As I came from Ie∣rusalem in the yere 1518. in a shippe, of the whiche the maister was called Peter de Chioggia, we were set vpon by fiue foystes of Pirates, on this side Corphu, and one of the Mariners so attainted with the stroke of a gonne that he had his arme brused and broken, and with the same blowe another hurt in the brest. The Phisition would haue cut of the arme. But among other things that I caried about with me, I found a bore of the said oyntment, wherwith I anoynted his arme, and in the space of sixe or seuen days, he was healed miraculously. I haue made many experiences, aswel vpon myself, as

vpō others: and hauing giuen of it vnto diuers men to ayde them selues withall, they haue tolde me that they haue foūd in it a meruelous vertue & operation. If you make this oyle in the time when the herbe of S. Ihons wort is found, ye shal putte in the herbe, the blossome, and the seede: but if it be in the time when it can not be foūd, after ye haue made the first decoctiō of the dog, as we haue said, ye shal boyle the oyle & the grease once a∣gaine, putting to it the oyle of S. Ihons wort, whereof we haue spoken afore, or as ye may get it: that is to sai, halfe asmuch as al the oyle and grease is. And if ye can not find bismalua or wild mallowes, ye may put in stede of it, y^• oyntment called Dialtea, which is found cōmon∣ly at the Apoticaries. And when ye wil boyle the dog in the kettle, it shalbe good to put to it, thre torteses that liue on the lande and not on the water, and so shall the said oyntment be very excellent for the goute. A certein man of mine acquaintaunce, of the age of thirtie yeres, vexed with the gout, whome I made take of this oyle, and anoynt himself a litle in the place of the griefe, and about it, putting to it two partes of oyle rosat, one part of oyle violet, & two partes of the said oyle of the dogge, told me that he had found a merueylous ease and helpe by it. And the said griefe returning againe foure times at sondrie times, yet anoyntinge himselfe therewith thre times (as is aforesayde) the paine came vnto hym no moore in the space of three yeares that wee were in Rome together, whiche was the yere 1514. And thys man was called Diego, a Portugall, and dwelte at the mount Iordan. Sith that tyme, being gone to Venise, and from thence into Leuaunt, I haue heard nothynge of hym.

To make an oyntment, the most excellent in the worlde, whose vertues are infinite, as we will declare afterwarde. VVhiche, Princes ought to commaunde to be made and kept in their cōmon wealthes: and that it should be made in the presence of Phisitions, as Triacle is made: or at the least eue∣rie man ought to haue it in his house, and speciallie bycause a man may make a great quantite of it: and the lenger it is kept the better it waxeth.

TAke first oyle Roset, the oyls of Vio∣lettes, the Oyle of Neuuphar, oyle of Spick, oyle of the herbe called Costum commonlie called Cocus or herba marie, the oyle of Bay, oile of Nutmegges, the oyle of the blossomes of Iasemin, of eche of them a pounde. The oyle of Nutmegges, and of Sinamom, is made in seething, Nutmegges, or Sinamon wel stamped, in oyle Oliue. And in the like maner, ye may make the oyle or decoc∣tion of Xilobalsamum, of Carpobalsamum, of lignum Aloe, of Mirrhe, of Frankensence, of the gūme of Iuie, of Ma∣sticke, and of Cloues, and it shall suffise onely, to put in the oyle of these said spices, half as much as eche of the other mounteth vnto, that is to say, half a pound. Like∣wise must ye make oyle of Campher, but ye muste not seeth it, but onely warme the oyle Oliue, in a litle pan and poure it so vpon the Campher a good way of from the fire: than must you soubdaynlie couer it: for the Campher is so fine and delicate, that it would inconti∣nent breath out and vanish away: and therefore dothe the Campher cleaue vnto the lidde, and sides of the pan bicause it cannot get out. You must put onlie halfe an vnce of Campher, for euerie two or three pounde of the whole quantite of the other oyles together: than adde to it, a pounde of the oyle of Turpentine, made by di∣stillation, and three vnces of the oyle of Storar liquida: after this, put all these oyles so mingled together, into a great cawdron or kettell tinned within, which muste be high and narrow, to the ende that all the thynges, that ye will put in, maie afterwarde be well couered, with the saied oyles: And the sayde cawdron, ought to haue a couer that maie close him well and iustly: than set it vpon a small fire, and put in three of these blacke

Vipers, iij. Todes .x. of these litle beastes, called in la∣tine Tarantulae or Stelliones, which be like vnto Lisardes, hauinge spottes on their backes like Starres, and .l. Scorpions. And if ye can get anie other venimous bea∣stes, put them in quicke, if not at the first time, at the least at euerie time whan ye can haue them: and after you haue well couered and closed the cawdron, giue it but a light fire, the space of .v. or .vi. daies. It shall be good to set the saied cawdron, in maner of a Fornayse, as it were to make Salt peter, or as Sope cawdrons be set: than after, by the space of a day, make the fire a litle greater, vntill all the venimous beastes be broken into pieces, and almost consumed in the sayd oyle, wherinto it should be good, to haue put first, a pot of good white Wine. Than hauing taken the cawdron from the fire and taken all the sayde beastes, presse them or wringe them hard in some canuesse or linnen cloth, weat•• with white Wine. Than take the oyle of Saincte Ihons wort, compounde, as we haue before declared, halfe as muche as all the oyle of the sayde beastes, and the thyrd part of the oyle of the redde dogge, mingle all well to∣gether, and put to it the blossomes of Selandine, the blossomes of Sainct Ihons worte, suche a quantite as you will, puttinge also to it, a handefull of white salte, the iuice of Taxus barbatus, and of white Dictamū, at your discretion: the iuice of Crispina rubra, if ye can gette it. This Crispina rubra, is a herbe like vnto a Thistle, and is taken of Ioannis Agricola, to be the brier called Respis: but it hath leaues l••sser, and tenderer than a Thistle, and is eaten almost in euerie place, in Italie, in Sala∣des. And there it is called in some places, Cardonello, and in Venise, Sigone. The red Crispin is in al poinctes like vnto the white and greene, and differeth in nothynge, but in colour: it is a verie precious herbe. I saw once a man, that clefte a yonge Kiddes head, almost a sunder: and after layde to it, onely the iuice of the sayde redde Crispin: and ioyned the head together, and bounde it with a bande: and in two daies the Kidde was healed,

as sounde as he was before. Also it is verie good, in the time of a Plage or pestilence, as wee will afterwarde declare. Than, if you can get of the iuice of the saied Crispina, or Cardonello, ye shall put a pound of it, with the said oyles, and as much of the iuice of Carduus benedictus, a pounde of the flouers or blossomes, of the said Carduus benedictus, an vnce of Lignū Aloe in pouder, and an vnce of Saffran. Set all these thinges well mixed together, in the Sunne, all the whole Sommer time, in diuers vessels of glasse, or of earth leaded within, wel couered with paper or linen clothe. And keepe it as a precious thyng: whose vertues to expresse, it is impossible. The saied oyle is excellent good, principallie for all maner of contractions, and shrinkinges of the members, of a mans bodie, and of woundes, as well olde as fresshe, against Fistules, Cankers, and the disease called in la∣tin Struma, whiche is a swelling in the throte, of gathe∣red matter and bloud, whiche wee call in English, the Kinges euil, or the Quinses, whan the place of the sore is rubbed with it, or when Towe weate in the sayde oyle is laied vnto it, and beginnyng in the first quarter of the wane, or decreasynge of the Moone, (with the grace of God) the sayd accidentes, shalbe healed before the new Moone. Also the saied oyle, is good against all maner of venim or poyson, beyng annointed about the hart, if the Poyson be taken at the mouth: and if a man be bitten with anie venimous beast, or hurte with anie intoxicated weapon, ye must wryng well the bloud out of the wounde. and than rubbe the place, and round a∣boute it with the saied oyle. It is also good for anie mē∣ber that is stiffe, and nomine, and almost for all disea∣ses that can chaunce vnto mans bodie, wherunto anie outward application is made of it.

¶A verie true and proued remedie, agaynst a Quar∣tayne ague.

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iij. or .iiij. graynes of Frankensence, of the male kynde otherwise called Olibanum: than couer agayne the saied hole, with the litle peece that you toke of first, & roste it so vpon the embers, so that it burne not, but that it may waxe tender. Than take it from the fire, and breake it into .iiii. partes, with all the Frankensence in it: and so giue it the pacient to eate, it will by and by, make the Apostume to breake, & heale him cleane. The foresaied Smith, had al readie shutte his teeth, so that men were fayne to open them with a spoone or knife: and so they put of it into his mouthe, as well as they coulde, and straight way he tourned with his breast, vpon the bed∣des side, and spitte out a great parte of the matter, that was come forth of the Apostume broken: and therupon slept more than .ix. houres, and whan he waked, he cal∣led for meate, & found him self thorowlie whole, which was a thyng worthie to giue God thankes for.

Another secret, or remedie, agaynst the saied disease of the Pleuresye.

TAke the flower, that sticketh on the bourdes and walles of a Mille, and make therof paste with water: and so make litle cakes, of the big∣nesse of a grote, or somewhat more, and hauing baked or fried them, in an yron ladie, or in a friyng pan, with the oyle of Scorpions, lay one of them so vpon the place, where the patient feeleth his greef, and that as hote as he maie endure, rubbynge, and annoyntyng it with the saied oyle of Scorpions: and whan one of the cakes is almost colde. Lay to another very hote, & heate the first againe in the saied oyle, and so consequentlie take awaie one, and put to another .x or .xv. times, and shortlie after the Apostume shal breake, and in spitting the matter oute, the patient (with Gods ayde) shall be healed.

Another good secret agaynst the same disease.

OPen a white lofe new baket, in the middle, and spread it well with good Triacle, on bothe the halfes, on the crommie side, and heate it at the fyre: than laie one of the halfes, vpon the place of the disease, and the other half on the tother side of his body directly: and so binde them, that they sturre not, leauynge them so a daie and a night, or vntill the Apostume breake: which I haue sometime seen doen, in .ij. houres or lesse. And than take awaie the breade, and immediatlie the patient will begyn to spit, and voide the putrifaction of the Apostume, and after he hath slept a litle, ye shal giue him some meate, and with the helpe of God, he shall be shortlie healed.

Another remedie against the same disease.

TAke a toothe of a wilde Bore: and if the payne holde him in the right syde, ye muste take the tooth of the right iawe: if otherwise, ye must take the lefte tooth: yet not withstandynge. it hath been founde by experience, to be all one of whiche iawe so euer it were. Scrape the saied tooth with a knife, vpon a cleane table, or vpon a paper: than take of the same scrapynges, as muche as you maie laye vpon two grotes, and giue the pacient drinke of it, with a li∣tle Barley water, or in the brothe of litle redde graines like vnto Ciche peason, or with white Wyne with a li∣tle water. This hath alwaies bene founde verie good and true.

To make a water, good for the breast or stomake, of the which men vse to giue them drinke, that be tourmented or greeued with the stitche in the side, or pleuritike Apostumes the whiche water is of a verie good sauour, and mondifieth meruclous well the breast or stomacke.

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the space of two Miserere: and then wasshe the legge well (that is to saye the wounde and rounde aboute the wounde) with the said wine luke warme. Then take these pouders folowing, that is to saye, Aristolochia, both of long and rounde, Masticke, Myrre, Dragons bloud, called in Englishe Pellytorie of Spaine, Aloe epaticum, Nyll, called in Latyne Tutia, the barke or ryne of gour∣des burned, of eche of these an vnce, Nummia, or as some call it, Humia, and Boale armoniacke, of eche of them a quarter of an vnce well stamped, and strayned, laye all vpon the said griefe: than take the herbes boy∣led in wine, as is aforesaide, and binde them vppon the wounde with a bande, in chaungyng it twise a day, or at the least once, and you shall see the legge healed in fewe daies.

¶To heale swollen knees or legges, redde, and full of humours: a secrete merueylous good, easie to bee made, and of lytle charge, and often times proued.

TAke the skinne of a dogge, yf you may get it: or if not, take a white lambes skynne, or elles the skinne of a kidde, and cut a piece of it as broade as the palme of youre hande, or moore, and another piece of the length of your hande, or somewhat moore: then melte in a pan on the fier these thinges folowing: rosen of a Pine tree two pounde, Galbanum .v. vnces, Masticke an vnce, Muske, Amber, Tyuet, of eche of them sixe graynes, or as muche as you wyll, & breake the Masticke betwene two papers: then put the rosen and the Galbanum to melte in a panne with a small fier, and when it is well melted, ye shall putte the ma∣sticke to it, and sturre them well with a lytle stycke, to the entent that nothing burne. After this lay it abrode whote as it is, vppon the saide skinne halfe a fynger thicke. Then take twelue or fiftene of these litle bea∣stes called Monkes peason or sowes (whereof is founde a greate quantitie vnder stones in moyste places) and theym in a morter, with a litle Barrowes grease••

make thereof an vnction or oyntment to laye vpon the saide plaister of the skinne, heatyng the sayd skynne at the fier, and laye it vnder the knee, or vnder the calfe of the legge, harde bounde, and leaue it so two or three dayes: but if the legge be hearie, ye must shaue the hear awaye with a rasour, for the plaister woulde els cleaue to it, when you take it of agayn, if you find that it hath made litle bladders, perce them, and wipe them cleane. This doen, washe them with the wine, wherin the de∣coction of the Agrimoyne, the Oliue leaues, the Roses, and plantaine was made: and so wype and drie theym againe. Make cleane also the saide plaister, remouynge and sturryng a litle the oyntment: and after hauynge heated it againe by the fyre, lay it againe vpon the leg. Dooe thus euery thirde or fourth day, and you shall see that the plaister shall haue drawen vnto it selfe in a small time a great aquositie of the legge, and shall haue taken away the rednesse, inflamation, and swellinge. And if there bee a wounde, you shall heale it, as we haue aboue sayde.

A verye sure and perfect remedie agaynst a Sciatica, often tymes proued and experimented in diuers partes of the worlde.

FYrste make this confection that foloweth. Take thre pounde of rawe honny, and put it in a panne with two glasses full of wa∣ter, and make it seeth or boyle together, vn¦tyll you see the skūme or froth mounte vp, the whiche you muste take away. Then take the roo∣tes of the herbe called in Latine Acorus and in English Galingale, or of the herbe called yelowe Gladen, make them cleane, cut them in smal pieces, and stampe them well. Take of these herbes one pounde for the sayde thre poundes of honnye, and put them by lytle and ly∣tle into the sayde panne, alwaies sturryng them a litle, letting them so boyle, by the space of a good houre.

Then put to it also an vnce of fine Synamom wel bea∣ten

into pouder, take it so from the fier, and keepe it in the same panne, or in some other vessell. Giue vnto the patient of this conserue at night when he goeth to bed, about foure or fyue sponefulles, and in the mornynge early as muche or more. Giue him also thereof before his meales and after: the oftner he eateth of it the bet∣ter he shal be. If it be in winter, heate it for him a lytle: and while he thus vseth it, let him alwaies sit vpon his buttockes, that is to say: vpon the bone or huckle wher the Sciatica is, with the plaister declared in the chapter before, that is to say, of y^t Rosen, Galbanū, Masticke, the litle beastes called Monkes peason or sowes, with the rest there mencioned. Then, at the ende of ten dayes take it of, and laye it other ten dayes vppon his thigh. And from thence take it agayne, making it cleane, mi∣xing and sturring it a newe, and laye it vnder the calfe of the legge tenne dayes more: and at euerye tyme you shall see that it wyll haue engendred litle puffes or bla∣ders, and drawen to it self al the aquositie and watrish∣nes, in suche sorte, that it wyll take awaye the griefe and heale it. This is a verye rare secrete agaynst suche a disease, whiche verye fewe Phisitions colde hitherto fynde certayne remedie for. If in case the disease bee olde or hath runne longe, giue the pacient sometyme this glister folowyng. Take Mallowes, Mercurie, Fe∣nell, greene or drie, Wormewode, Rue, wilde Cucum∣bers broken, as muche of the one as of the other: than, put to it two handfulles of branne, seeth all in common water, vntill the thirde parte bee deminished: and so let it coole againe. After this, take a dishe and a halfe full of this decoction, three sponefulles of skimmed Honnye, oyle of Camemille, and oyle of Rue, of eche of them an vnce and a halfe: mingle all well together, and make a Glister of it, whiche you shall minister vnto the Pacient in the mornynge: and so make him lye vp∣on that side where the Sciatica is. Two dayes after ye shall giue him another Glister, after three dayes ano∣ther: and than foure dayes after yet another, continu∣yng

so a moneth together. If the griefe be so indured and hardened that it wyll not behealed by the aforesaid remedies, you maye giue him Pilles the thyrde daye after, the fourth daye, the fyfte daye, and so vnto syxe or seuen tymes. But the Pylles wyll profit the Pacient nothing at all vnlesse he abstayne from eatinge salte or sharpe meates, and from all sortes of pulse corne, as Pease, Beanes, Tares, and Fitches, and suche other: lykewise from drinking water, or white wyne. Manye haue been healed onely with the saide plaister, not lea∣uinge to dooe their businesse abrode notwithstanding: other haue also vsed the conserue. But in so manye yeres I haue had but two vpon whom (for to take a∣waye the disease being olde and farre goen) I was con∣strained to vse the sayde Pilles and Glisters, whereby they were healed. I had also one, whiche vsed but only the plaister and the conserue, of whom the huckle bone was out of ioynt, and hardened, and with the saied re∣medie he was perfitly healed in the space of three skore and tenne daies, and the saied bone retourned againe into his former place and state: but he tolde me that whilest he vsed the said plaister and conserue, a Nonne counseyled him to take from daye to daye, foure times, the bignesse of a Nutte of Turpentine washed in Bor∣rage water, and that he should not tell me of ••t, where∣by he founde him selfe healed in short time.

A water for to heale in fiue dayes at the moste, all maner of great skabbes, as well inwarde as outwarde: and is a water cleare and white, and is of an odoriferous sa∣uour, such as a man may present to a Queene.

TAke Plantaine water two glassefulles, Rose wa∣ter a glassefull, of the water of the floures of Cy∣trons or Orenges halfe a glasse full, or lesse: put all thys together in a cleane panne or violle of glasse: and put to it an vnce of Sublyme, that is to say: quicke siluer, such as commonly is founde at the Apoticaries: it muste bee well beaten to pouder. Then let it boyle 〈1 page missing〉〈1 page missing〉

his bodie, as longe as he maie, and he shal finde it verie excellent.

Another remedie against the same disease.

TAke half a glasse, or lesse, of the iuice of Bar∣beries, whan they be verie redde, and ripe, and put into it as muche red Corall, well beaten in pouder, as will lie vpon two grotes, and giue the pa∣tient drinke therof.

Another perfect remedie against the same disease, and to make a man pisse that hath bene .iiij. or .iiij. daies without makinge water, and that in the space of half an hower, and will breake the stone within .x. or .xij. daies.

TAke fine pouder of Virga aurea, and put a sponefull of it, into a new laied Egge, soft roste, and giue the patient drinke therof, in the morninge at hys breakefast, and lette him not eate at the least in foure houres after, and than shall he make water in lesse thā halfe an hower. If ye vse this continuallie, the space of x. or .xii. daies, as is a foresaid, you shall make him pisse out the stone without anie paine or greefe.

Another remedie agaynst the Stone and payne of the raynes.

TAke the seedes of blew Violettes, or march Vio∣lettes, the seedes of common Burres, with theyr litle poddes and all, or ripe Burres a pounde, put them to drie in an Ouen (for otherwise it wil be a hard thyng to stampe them) stamping them afterward with their seedes. This doone, take a quicke Hare, & stran∣gle him with a corde, to thentent there be none of the bloud lost: put him so whole, or in peeces into some ves∣sel, feete, guttes, head and all: than put him to burne in an Ouen, so that all, as wel the bones, and the skinne, as the flesh bee brought to pouder, this dooen, ye shall stampe it well, and mingle the pouder with the two o∣ther pouders aforesaied: drie Oken leaues, well beaten

to pouder .iiij. vnces, drie Saxifrage or Sampire, halfe a pounde, Bay berries .v. vnces. Let all these thynges be well beaten in pouder, sifted, and mixte together.

Giue of this pouder vnto the pacient, as much as wyll lie vpon a grote, makynge him to drinke it, in the mor∣nyng, to his breakefast, in white wine, and let him doo this often times. It is the most exquisite thyng in the worlde, as well for the grauell, as for the stone: but for the grauell, you must take lesse, and not so ofte as for the Stone.

The last, and the moste excellent remedie of all, agaynst the stone, be it in the reignes, or in the bladder, of what qua∣lite or quantite, so euer it be.

IN the moneth of Maie, when Oxen go to grasse, or be at pasture, ye shall take of their dunge, not to fresh, nor to drie: than distille it faire and softlie (to thende it smell not of the smoke) into some vessell of glasse, or earth leaded within, of the whiche dunge will come a water, without sauour or euill stenche, whiche will be verie good, to take of all maner of spottes, or blemishes in the face, if you washe it, with it, morninge and eue∣ninge. You shall keepe the saied water, in a Violle wel stopped: than take .iij. or .iiij. Radishes, such as menne eate in salettes, cut them small, & put them in a Violle, and fill vp the violle with wine greeke, or good Malm∣sey, or other good white wine, lettyng it stand so in the Sunne, and in the ayre, a daie and a night. Than take one parte of that wine, two partes of the saied water, of the Oxe dunge, halfe a parte of the water of Staw∣beries. iij. or .iiij. droppes of the iuice of Limons, or Ci∣trons: and let there be of all these waters, so proportio∣ned together, halfe a glasse full, or some what more, in∣to the which, you shall putte a peece of Suger, or a litle Honnie roset: for the one and the other, serue as wel to the sauour, as to the profite of the substaunce. After this, you shal put to it some of the pouder mentioned in

the Chapiter before, as much, as will lie vpon a grote, and than giue the patient drinke of it, and shortlie after you shall se a wonderfull effect•• for manie, vnto whome I haue giuen of it, haue not tarried half an hower, but they haue pissed, in the whiche pisse, they haue founde so manie litle stones, that all together, came to the big∣nesse of a Walnutte, and of others, vnto the quantite of a hasel Nutte: in vsinge often the saied remedie, they haue finally bene perfectly healed. I caused once a gen∣tilman of Millan, to take of it by the space of .xii. daies, whome the Phisitions estemed as dead, & would haue cut him, but in the space of the saied .xij. daies, I made come out of him so many stones, that all together came to the quantite of an Egge, I made him make his wa∣ter thorow a linnen cloth, laied ouer an Vrinall, to the intente, to take vp the stones together: and the thirde mornynge, he woulde take the glasse, a litle more than halfe full, and shortlie after, beyng about to make water, he began to crie out, for the great paine he felte in his yarde: after this payne was paste, lookyng in the linnen cloth, he founde a stone as longe and as bigge, as a Bene, somwhat pointed at one of the sides, which paraduenture, in passyng thorow his yard, caused him to haue all that payne. Now, although that manie, as well of olde time, as now of late daies, haue written di∣uers and sondrie remedies, against the saied disease, yet was there neuer founde a surer, truer, or presenter re∣medie, than this. The saied water and the pouder, may be kept longe, but you must at euerie time renew the wine of the saied Radish, and the iuice of the Limon or Citron, for in the space of two daies (the wine chieflie) giueth such a sent, that a man maie skant endure it.

For him that spittet•• bloud, by hauing some veyne of his breast broken.

TAke Myse dunge, beaten in pouder, as muche, as will lie vpon a grote, and put it into half a glasse full, of the iuice of Plantain, with a litle Suger,

and so giue the patient drinke therof, in the mornynge before his breakefast, and at night before he go to bed. Continuyng this same, you shall make him whole and sounde.

Agaynst the greefe in the Lunges, and spittinge of bloud, a thyng experimented.

TAke an herbe called Farfara, or Tussilago, of the Apo∣ticaries Vngula caballina, Coltes foote in English, the Frenche men call it, pate de lion. Incorporate it wel, with the larde of a Hogge, chopped, and a new laied Egge: boyle all together in a panne: and giue the pa∣tient of it to eate, doyng this .ix. mornynges, and you shall se a meruelous thynge. This is also very good, to make a man fatte.

Agaynst the paine of t••e flankes, of the reynes, and all other greefes.

TAke three quarters of an vnce of Stora•• liquid••, Capons grease, or Hennes grease, the grease of a Goose, the grease of a Ducke, of eche of theim .v. dragmes, of oyle reset .iiii. dragmes, of redde War .ii. dragmes and a halfe, of Butter half a dragme: melt the greases, the oyle, and the Butter altogether, power them together, and mingle them. Than hauyng put to it the Stora••, spredde it vpon a linnen cloth, and so laie it hote vpon the place of the greefe, and you shal in∣continent se him whole.

¶Agaynst the stinkinge of the breath.

TAke Rosemarie leaues, with the blossomes, if you can get them, and seeth them in white wine, with a litle Myrrhe, Sinamom, and Bengewin: and takyng of the saied wine often times in your mouth, you shall finde a maruelous effect.

¶Agaynst the bytyng of a madde dogge, and the rage or madnesse that foloweth the man after he is bitten.

TAke the blossomes or flowers of wilde Thisltes, dried in the shadow, and beaten into pouder, giue him drinke of the same pouder, in white Wine, halfe a Walnut shell full, and in thrise takynge it, be shall be healed: A thynge founde true by experience.

To take a waie the dead flesh, that commeth or groweth in the nose.

TAke the iuice of Leekes, that haue not bene twise planted, and adde to it a litle greene wax, and make an oyntement therof, puttyng to it a litle of the fine pouder of the leese of wine, and put often times of this oyntment in the nose of the pa∣cient, and you shall se a meruelous thyng.

For one, which (with falling from some high place) fea∣reth to haue some thinge broken in his body.

TAke halfe a glassefull of oyle Oliue: and put into it, pouder of the seede of Cresses, the quantitie of halfe a Walnut shelfull, than giue it the patient to drinke, at once, or at twise. It shalbe good to let hym bloud, immediatlie after he is fallen, or as soone as is possible, and as soone as he is let bloud, giue him thys drinke. And he that cannot drinke the oyle, let him take the pouder with wine. If you cannot get the seedes of Cresses, giue him of the pouder of Mene, of the which there is alwaies inough found at y^• Apoticaries: if he be brused or hurt outwardlie, annoynt the sore place with oyle Roset, and than lay vpon it, the leaues of Myrnis, and of dried Roses, and so shall you heale him parfitlie.

A verie good and easie remedie, against the disease, called the Kinges euill.

TAke the herbe called Farfara, Fole foote in En∣glish, well stamped with his rootes, and beynge myngled with the flower of the seede of Line or Fla••e, and the grease of a Barrow: make therof a plai∣ster, and laie it vpon the sore, changyng it twise a daie,

and all the sores of the disease, shall bee resolued into sweate. After thei be healed, washe often the place with white wine, by the space of .x. or .xv. daies.

Another remedie against the same disease.

TAke the stones of a horse, and put them in a Fier pan, among the embers and coles, leauyng them there, vntill they may be beaten into pouder, than giue the patiente drinke of the saied pouder, in white wyne, the quantite of two pennie weight, continuyng this the space of .xxi. daies: by this meanes you shall make him cast out at his mouth, all the ordure and filth of the euill, and shall heale him thorowly.

To know whether a woman, shall euer conceiue or not.

TAke of the ruen of a Hare, and hauing frayed and consumed it,* 1.5 in hote water, giue it the woman to drinke, in the mornyng at her breakfast, than let her stande in a hote bathe: and if there come a greefe or payne in her bellie, she maie conceiue: if not, she shall neuer conceyue.

A verie rare remedie for to take the kernels out of a man∣nes throte, in fiftie daies at the f••rthest.

TAke the rootes of Walwort, well washed, and boyled in white wine, and take also, these thin∣ges folowyng: Sponge burned half a pound, & two hundred cornes of Peper. Al these thynges beyng well beaten into pouder, boyle them, in the saied wine, with the Walwort rootes: and hauinge sodden them wel, poure out the wine, and kepe it in a viol wel stopped in some moyst place, than giue the patient of this wine to drinke, three times a day, at euerie time a glasseful, that is to say, mornyng, noone, and night.

And while he vseth this, he must eate no other breade but Barley breade, and drinke his wyne without wa∣ter. He must also abstayne from eatyng any maner her∣bes, Fysh, Garlick, Beetes, or other such like. Thys

maner of regiment, ought a man to begyn, at the full moone, continuyng vntill the ende of the same, and af∣ter vntill the quarter encreasynge, of the nexte Moone: that is to saie .xlv. daies, and without doubt the patient shal be healed.

Another remedie, easier to be made.

TAke drie Camomill redact into pouder, & men∣gled with Honnie, then take in the mornyng, a sponefull of it, into your mouth, and as muche at night, lettyng it go downe of it selfe: vse this continually, vntill you be healed, vse good gouernemēt as is afore sayde.

A thinge proued, and experimented, to be verie tra•• against the same disease.

TAke Polipodium (whiche is an herbe, like vnto Ferne) growyng vpon the stumpe or stocke of a Chestnut tree, if you can get of it: if not, take of the other, and beate it into pouder, giue the patient drinke thereof, with wine or Honnie, twyse a daie, at eche time, as muche as will lie vpon a grote: continue this, by the space of .xxi. daies beginnynge at the quarter decreasyng of the Moone, and keepynge al∣waies good diet, as is aboue said, he shall be whole.

To make the skinne stretch and returne agayne into his place, after the kernell is healed.

TAke the knoppes that remaine on the Rose stalke, after the Roses be fallen of (whiche be like beadestones, facioned like an Egge) with the seede that is in them, Alom of the ••ocke, the flower or blosome of a Pome gra∣nade, of eche of these a like quantitie. Seeth them in white Vinaigre, vntill half be consumed, put to it also half as much as al the rest, of Ros syriacus or Rhus. Which the Apoticaries call Sumach, or Sunach, stamped, & boyle all agayne, vntill all the Vinaigre be almoste wholy

consumed. And of that which remayneth, annoynt the place rounde aboute: and by that meanes, ye shall cause the skinne to stretche, and come to his place, as it was before.

A verie exquisite remedie agaynst the disease called in Latyne Augina, and in Greeke Synanche, whiche is an inflamation of the Muscle of the inner Gargill, the French men call it Squinancie, in English Quinsey.

TAke the water of Scabiose, a pounde, of Aqua vi∣te, an vnce, mengle them together, and laye it vp∣on the soore, or griefe, and you shall finde the Pa∣cient whole in three houres.

Another agaynst the same disease.

TAke Swallowes, bake them in an ouen, beate thē to pouder, and laye them vpon the griefe thorowe the mouth if it be possible: if not you shall enter∣mingle it with Honnye roset, and a litle Flower or Meale, of Amylum, & then put it in his mouth, letting it goe downe of it selfe, and you shall see a merueylous thinge.

Another agaynst the same sickenesse.

TAke oyle of Romaine vitriolle, and put two or three droppes of it, in white wine, with the which you shall gargle or washe your mouth and throte often tymes.

A verye good remedye agaynst the kinges euyll.

TAke Ceruse or white Leade well stamped foure vnces, oyle Olyue, eyght vnces, let this boyle to∣gether fiue or sixe houres, styrring it continually: and when it is waxen or become verye blacke, it is sod∣den ynough: then spreade it vpon a lynnen cloth, and laye it vnto the place of the soore: yf the soores be bro∣ken,

they will be healed incontinent: if not, they wyll resolue and leuse, and shortly heale thorowly.

To heale the same disease by a substance taken at the mouthe.

DResse a Henne as it were to eate, so that she bee boyled in a great potte or caudron, with a greate deale of wa∣ter without Salt, letting it boyle vn∣tyll all the bones bee seperated from the fleshe: then take the saied bones and drie them in an ouen, or at the fi∣er, so that they bee not burned or waxe blacke, after this beate them well to pouder, and take of the seede of Sesamum, beaten well likewise into pouder, & mengle it with the pouder of the Hennes bones, as muche of the one as of the other. And so take a sponefull of the two pouders, and mingle it with Honnye, causing the Pa∣cient to eate of it at night when he goeth to bedde, and in the morning when he riseth. This ought to be doen from the beginning of the quarter decreasinge of the Moone vnto the ende: It is a verye excellent secrete. It also happened to me of some men, in whome the sayed disease was so olde and so farre gone that this saied re∣medie coulde not helpe them, whome I caused to take with the saied pouder specified as foloweth, whiche ought to bee made after this maner. Take a certayne litle Serpent called a Slowe worm••: boyle him in oyl•• Olyue, vntill he bee broken and consumed, then rubbe the euyll with the sayed oyle, and lay pieces of towe vp∣on it, leauing it so three or foure daies: and after that, make a newe anoynting, and laye tow to it againe as before. By this saied remedie I healed them perfitlye, thankes bee vnto God.

A heauenlye water which hath many goodly and ••••∣table Vertues, as we shall shewe you after.

TAke Cloues, Nutmegges, Ginger, Zeduaria, long Pepper, rounde Pep∣per, the seede of Ienuper, Orenge pilles, the blossomes or floures of Sage, Basyll, Rosemary, Maioram, roūd Mint, Bay berries, Pēnyryall, Gentian, Calamintha, the floures of Elder, the flowres of white and redde Roses, Spick∣narde, lignum Aloes, wilde Cubebes, Cardamomum, or graines, whiche the Apoticaries call Granum paradisi, fine Cynamom, Calamum Aromaticum, Sticados, Chamedri∣os, called in Englishe Germander, Camepitheos, Melliget∣ta, Masticke, Ensence, of the male kinde, Aloe epaticum, Anyse seede, the seede of Maioram, or Maioram gentle, drie figges, drie Raisins, Dates, swete Almondes, ker∣nelles of a Pyneaple, of eche of these an vnce, white Honnie, sixe vnces. Then take Suger waiyng asmuch as all the saied composition, and mengle well all toge∣ther, putting also to it Aqua vite waiyng as muche as all the saied substaunce, but the saied Aqua vite muste bee distilled fiue times thorow a Limbecke, receyuinge alwaies the best: and mingle all the saied thinges to∣gether in the saied water: then put all into a violle well stopped, leauing it so the space of two dayes. Then af∣terwarde you shal sette it vpon the fornesse w^t his Lim∣becke and recipient, distillinge it with a smale fier, wherof wil come a cleare and precious water, continue so the fier, vntill the water begin to chaūge his colour, and come forth white: then chaunge the recipient, and receyue the saied white water a part, for it is not good, but for to blaunche and make white the face, and there is neither spotte nor lyntell, or anye kinde of redde bur∣geons in the face of a man, the whiche, beinge washed with this water by the space of fiftene daies wil not go out, and weare away, leauinge the face and the skynne white, shininge and well sauouringe. This is a verie rare kinde of washinge, and meete for great ladies and princesses. You shall mi••e the first water whiche is

cleare, with Aqua vite of like quantitie, the whiche is called Mel balsami. Nowe hauinge putte and left all these thinges in a violle well stopped, the space of two dayes, set it to distill with a smal fier, then receyue and put the first water by it selfe, whiche will distill verye cleare, and odoriferous. When you see that the water beginneth to come forthe like raine water, chaunge your recipient, and receyue that same likewise by it selfe, vntill you see the thirde water come out, whiche will bee of sanguyne colour, the whiche you shall po∣wre into a violle, and stoppe it well with waxe: keepe it diligentlye as a precious thinge: for it hath many no∣table and excellent vertues, of the whiche the best bee these that folowe. The first is, that if you laye a lytle of it vpon a freshe wounde, there neede no other medicine to cure it. The seconde is, it is good for al old woundes, against the Canker, the wormes, and against Nolime tangere, and all other diseases growinge, ye must weate the soore places with it euerie seconde or thirde daye once, and by thys meanes, in the space of fyftene or twentie daies, he or thei shalbe healed. The thirde is, that if anye manne haue a Carbuncle, or Saynct Antonies disease, called commonlye in Italye and in Fraunce, S. Antonies fier, or other pestilenciall sycke∣nesse, and washe the place with the saied water, will it kil it within an houre. The fourth is, it is good against the paine of the eyes, so that the eye bee not out, or lost: if you putte a litle droppe of it into the eye in the mor∣ninge, and as muche at nighte, it will heale the paine in fiftene daies. And althoughe it bee somewhat pric∣kyng, yet the griefe of it passeth soone away, so that it can not in any wise hurte the eyes. The fifte is, that if any man haue the stone in the raines of his backe, and in the bladder, & drinke three droppes or a dragme of it with a litle white wine, he shalbe delyuered therof in few daies. The sixte is, that it healeth the Emerau∣des or Pyles, if they bee washed with it euerye daye once. The seuenth is, that it healeth all maner of dis∣ease

or pain of the Matrice & the colick, when a sponeful is dronke of it with the broth of a henne, or of cabbeges. The eyght is, that when a man batheth the shronken and endured synowes of the bodie, they stretche, and heale in fewe daies. The nynth is, that it healeth run∣nyng and watrie eyes, when a droppe is put into them in the morning. The tenth is, that it is verie good to heale all maner of skabbe, skurfe, and other like thin∣ges, washing them with it often times. The eleuenth is, that if a man put a droppe of it into his eare at night or in the morninge, it taketh awaie all the griefe and wormes that engender in the eare. The twelfth is, that it healeth all venemous bitinge, when ye washe the venemous place with it, and is farre better for such an accident then the triacle is. The thirtenth is, that it killeth all wormes in mannes bodie, if a man rubbe his nosestrelles, or drinke a verie litle of it. And final∣lie, it is also verie good for venemous hurtes or woun∣des, and for all woundes incurable. It healeth the kin∣ges euill, and the disease called the fallinge sickenesse, and all other infirmities in the exteriour partes of the bodie, and with this water maye a man washe hym selfe, or elles drinke it. It is also good for euerye colde sickenesse, and restoratiue for olde folkes, or those that are consumed and debilitate with hunger, sicke∣nesse, or sorow of mind. It conserueth the radicall moy∣sture, and naturall heate, it mainteyneth health, and keepeth a man in longe life, who so euer vseth it as it oughte to bee vsed.

Pilles of a Meruelous operation and vertu, agaynst the Sciatica, which we promised to speake of in the chapiter of the Sciatica.

TAke ••illes Alephangines, of Hermodactil maio∣ris and minoris, of eche of them a scrupule which is the thyrde part of a dragme .ij. graynes of salt Gemma, dissolue and styrre them with the iuyce of roses, and make of all this substaunce fyue pylles, and at the

begynninge, when the Sciatica is feruent and greate, you shall take of the sayde fyue pylles euery fower day∣es: and when it begynneth to declyne and asswage, you shall take them onely the fyfte day, than, the syxt, the se∣uenth, and the eyght daye, vntyll all be done: and take them alwayes in the mornyng at the breake of the day, absteynynge at the least six or seuen howres from meat. Nowe, although that the sayde pylles be not for a man to kepe his chambre, and that they prouoke not to the stoole, yet ye muste not drynke anye whyte wyne, nor water, nor eate anye salte thynges, nor anye kynde of pulse corne, as beanes and peason, with such other like nor oynyons, garlyke, or suche lyke, yf the disease be in∣ueterate, olde, or farre gonne.

☞A notable secrete to heale a madde man, be it that the madnes came vnto hym by a whyrlynge, or giddynesse of the heade or brayne, or otherwyse.

FYrste of all make hym fower Glysters, in fower morninges, one after another. Let the fyrste glyster be symple: that is to saye, made with water wherin ye haue boyled or sodden wheat bran, commun oyle, and salt. Let the seconde be of water sodden with malowes, mer¦curye, pellitory of the wal, and violet leaues, with oyle and salte. Let the thyrde be of water boyled with oyle, salte, sodden wyne, and honny. And let the fourth gly∣ster be of the lyke decoction that the thyrde was, adding to it end••ue, buglasse, and the toppes of the braunches of Walwort. And after that this decoction is strayned, ye shal put to it an vnce of Cassia fistula, and halfe a quar∣ter of an vnce of Metridate. Nowe, hauynge giuen him these fower glysters fowre sondry mornynges, you shal geue hym this medecyne. Polipodium of an Oke well stamped, a handefull or twayne, and wrynge oute the iuyce of it, and put it in a glasse the quantite of two fin∣gers high, puttinge to it two vnces of hony roset, and a quarter of an vnce of Electuary roset, and as muche of

dyafenycon. All these thinges beynge wel incorporated together, geue them vnto the pacient to drynk at night when he goeth to bedde .ij. or .iij. houres after the sonne sette, and geue it hym luke warme: if in case he wil not take it, bynde hym, and holde hym parforce, make hym open his mouth, put some stycke between his teth, and than powre the medecine into his throte, as men do vn∣to horses. And when he hath taken all, if it be in Wyn∣ter, you shall make hym sytte so vpon his bedde half an howre, well couered rounde about, to thintent he take no colde after it: yf it be in Sommer, ye may let hym go aboute the house where he wyll, but se that he go not out. When the medecine hath done his operation, take this oynctment folowynge: that is to saye, a pound and a halfe of the iuyce of the rootes of Walwort, wherun∣to you shall adde as muche butter: boyle this together a good whyle, vntyll all the iuyce be almost consumed, than put to it oyle of Camomill, oyle roset, oyle of saynt Iohns wort, of eche of them an vnce. Incorporate well all these thynges on the fyre, and make therof an oynct∣ment, wherwyth you shall annoynt the pacient frome the necke vnto the fete, armes and legges and all: but the oynctment must be hote, and he must be so well an∣noycted and rubbed that the oinctment may penetrate and perce thorowe. Contynue, doynge this the space of a moneth, annoyntynge hym euery euenyng and mor∣nynge, or at the least once a daye. The thyrde or fourth day after you haue begon to annoynte hym, burne him with a hote yron vpon the seame or ioynynge together of the head, and at the first lay vpon the marke a linnen cloth with barrowes grease, leauynge it so the space of viij. or .x. dayes: and after wrappe a greate Cyche pease in yuy leaues, and put vpon the sayde yuy leaues a pece of the sole of a shoe made fyne and thynne, byndynge it vnder his throte with some bande, or beneth his heade, so that it may bide on, and chaunge it alwayes at night and in the mornynge. If in case he passe fowre mone∣thes and receyue not health, or returne to his wytte, ye

muste begyn agayne to geue hym the same glysters he had before, and the same medecynes, annoyntyng hym as before: and withoute doubte (by the grace of God) he shalbe hole. He must eate at the begynninge chyckens, mutton, and rost veale: after, you maye gyue hym roste and sodde with pottage of Amylum, beetes, and mallo∣wes, and also newe layde egges, puttynge spices in his meate, causynge hym sometyme to eate, (eyther in his pottage or otherwyse) betayne, sage, maioram, & mint, not sufferinge hym in any wyse to take salte, sharp, nor aygre thynges, pulse corne, Garlike, Onyons, nor such lyke, ye may geue hym white wyne with water: let him also cary euer about hym some good odours, and heare melodye or musicke: speake oftentymes soberlye and wyselye vnto hym, admonishinge hym to be wyse and sage, rebuke hym of his folye when he doth or speaketh any fonde thynges. And in suche cace the auctoritie of some fayer woman auayleth much to tell hym all these thynges, for good admonitions are of great vertue, and strength, for to stablyshe and settle a brayne troubled or dysquieted with any sycknesse or passion.

☞Pylles of master Mychael a Scot, the whiche heal the greife or payne of the heade, be it inueterate or recent, purge the brayne, claryfye the syghte, cause a man to haue a good memorye, good colour in face, and be also very good for many infyrmities.

TAke of Aloe washed .iij. scrupules, the rootes of wylde gourdes, of al sortes of Mirabolanes, of the confection made with Scammony, called Diagri∣dion, Masti••, Bay berries, and Roses, of eche of them halfe a dragme, of Saffron a scruple, Myrrhe half a scruple: stampe all well together, and make thereof Pylles with the iuyce of Colewortes, and take three or foure of theim whan you goo to bedde, euery thyrde or fourth daye once.

☞Agaynst the payne of wemens breastes, a very excel∣lent remedye.

TAke the yelkes of two newe layde egges, the weyght of two pence of newe Waxe, a lytle oyle roset, a lytle Nyll, called in latyn Tuti••, prepared and trymmed in Rose water, set all this on the fyre to melte in a cleane pan, and whan it is colde agayn, spred it vpon a lynnen cloth, and laye it to the sore breastes, but you muste haue fyrste washed the sayde sore places with whyte wyne, wherein hath ben sodden leaues of Roses, Plantayne leaues, and the leaues of an Olyue tree, both greene and drye, and after hauynge wyped and dryed it agayne, laye the playster to it, dressed and prepared as I haue sayde, and incontinent the sore shal he healed.

☞To ripe a felon, Cattes heere, botch, byle, or other apo∣stumes or swellinges, whiche haue nede of quicke and so∣dayne ripinge.

TAke crommes of breade, Raysins dryed in an Ouen, or otherwyse, and than well stamped, Butter, Hogges suet, Leuen, cowe mylke, and a lytle Saffron. Make of all this an oyntmente and laye it vpon the sore, puttynge fyrst a lytle Saffron in poulder vpon the very place where you wyll haue it breake, and vpon that the playster, leauinge it so vntyll nyght, and chaunge it mornynge and euenyng, so shall you make it soone rype and breake, then dresse it with oyle roset, and yelkes of egges one whole daye, after that purge awaye the ordure and fylth with some dra∣wynge oyntment. Fynally you shall laye to it the oynt∣ment of Aloe and Tutia, or some consolidatiue or healyng oyntmentes.

☞To resolue a felon, Cattes beare, byle or botche, at the beginninge.

TAke the rootes of wilde or marshe Mallowes cal∣led of the Apoticaries Bismalua or Maluauiscus, mū∣dified and made cleane, and cut in smale pieces, well stamped in a morter of stone. Than take some great potte or caudron that holdeth sixe or seuen great violles filled with water, & boile in it these things folo∣winge: Lickerous, Isope, greene or drie Sage, Rose∣mary, Carduus benedictus, figges, drie Raisins, Amylum of Barley, or Barley flower, of eche of these thynges at youre discretion, and as muche of the one as of the other: and adde to it more, a handfull of Succorie, wyth hys rootes, lette all thys seeth in the sayde caudron or kettle, the space of an houre, or a houre and a halfe, and then lette it coole againe so that you maye well endure your hande in it. Than take oute all the said substaunces, and putte them in a cleane canuesse, and wring out all the substaunce into the saied water in the kettell: put in it also two or three pounde of the said rootes of Maluauiscus stamped, as before, then set it to boyle and seeth againe three howres or more: take it from the fier, and doe as you did at the first time: but if it had so muche sodden that all the rootes were bro∣ken and consumed, it shoulde not neede to haue stray∣ned or wronge theim thorowe a canuesse. This doen, take the decoction of it, and set in a potte vpon the fier, with as muche Honnie, or litle lesse, leauing it to boile so faire and softlye, taking away the skomme that shall come of the Honnye. After it hath thus boyled a good space, adde to it an vnce, or as muche as you wyll of Sinamon, and a quarter of an vnce or more of Benge∣wine stamped, & a litle Muske: then take it immediat∣ly from the fier, and couer it, to the entent it take no vent: specially, if you haue putte in the muske, whiche would elles vanishe awaye with the smoke, wherefore you maye putte in the Muske when the water is luke warme after it is taken of: So shall you haue an excel∣lent conserue to vse and occupie all the winter, as well at night, as in the morning, and at all times when you

list, but you muste at euerye time you take warme it a∣gaine, and take thereof .ij. or .iij. sponefulles at a time. And if you wil haue it thicker, put to it pouder of suger, or Penides: & if you wil haue it clearer, ye must put to it a litle more of the firste decoction, whiche we haue spo∣ken of. This secret is of suche excellencie, that if a man vse of it in the winter, as afore is saied, it is not possi∣ble for him to bee vexed or turmented with the cogh, rumes, murres, catarres, or anye other like disease.

A goodlye and pleasaunt secrete to beale the cogh, in rubbynge the soles of the feete: and is a thing verye easye, and certayne.

TAke two or three Garlike heades, well mundi∣fied and made cleane, stampe them well, than put to them hogges suet, and stampe them well a newe: and at nighte when you gooe to bedde, warme well the soles of youre feete, and annoynt them well with the saied confection, and then warme them again as hote as you maye endure, rubbing them well a pre∣tie space: and being a bedde lette your feete bee bounde with some warme linnen clothe, and rubbe also the small of your legges with the saied oyntment, by thys meane you shall bee healed in three nightes were the cogh neuer so vehement. If you wyll at youre meales vse of the saied decoction in youre wine, or otherwise, you shall finde your selfe wel at ease in your stomacke, and head, and shall the better driue away your cogh, and all other euill dispositions of the bodie.

A verye goodly and easye remedie to heale in a daie or twaine, all maner of inueterate and olde woundes, wherein is growen dead and superfluous fleshe, and woundes that can not bee cured by anye other me∣dycynes.

TAke three vnces of Turpentine (firste washed in commune water, and then in Rose or Plan∣taine water) and the yolke of an egge, an vnce

a glasse full of the saied wine: but you must haue taken firste a Walnutte, a Figge, and twoo or three litle braunches of Rue. If you dooe this in the morninge, you shall bee assured for that daye.

An oyntment to make an apostume breake, and the soore of the plage to fall of.

TAke a quarte and a halfe of common oyle, and sette it on the fyre in some vessell, then putte to it foure vnces of Ceruse or white leade well stam∣ped, litarge of siluer verie fine and thinne, three vnces, common Waxe, four vnces, and leaue it so long vpon the fyre, vntill you maye spreade it with youre finger vpon a marble stone. This doen, take it from the fier, and powre a litle vinagre vpon it, but you muste holde it farre of, to the intent it leape not in youre face: than make of this oyntment a plaister, as greate as all the soore, and make a hole in the middes of it as bigge as a peny: after this, make a litle plaister of some oyntment that mortifieth, of the bignes of y^• said hole: than make another plaister of the same bignes, the which you shal laie vpon the soore, so that the plaister with the mortifi∣yng oyntment bee betwene bothe, and leaue it vpon the soore the space of .xxiiij. houres, than chaunge onely the middle plaister, that is to saie: he that mortifieth, and put another in his place, the which you shal also let lie foure and twenty houres: and before that the plai∣ster bee laied rounde aboute and stretched, annoynt the place verie thicke with freshe Hogges suet, or Hennes grease, to mollifie it, and so you shall make it harde in the middle, and rounde aboute you shall make a circle of tender fleshe, in suche sorte that the soore wyll breake oute and come forth. And the eyght and fourty houres once passed, after you haue taken of the plaister, lay vp∣on it another plaister made with freshe Hogges grease, and immediatlye will fal of from it a dead fleshe in ma∣ner

of a rounde pommell, and there will remayne a hole, the whiche you must heale with some oyntmente or elles with Diaculum magnum: & when the fleshe begin∣neth to growe, laye to it burned Alom, by the space of foure and twenty houres, and then the saied oyntment vpon it.

❀ Another remedy agaynst the plage.

TAke the toppe of Rue, a garlyke heade, or halfe a quarter of a Walnutte, and a corne of salte: eate this euery morninge, continuing so a moneth to∣gether, and be merry and iocunde. This receipt is also good agaynst wormes.

❀ Another very good remedy against the plage.

TAke Aqua vite, the water of wyld perceley, called in Greke Mellissophyllon, Melyphyllon, and Melinon, and in latin Apiastrum, and Plantayne water, of eche of them a pounde, and whan you will vse of it, whiche you ought to do daylye, you shall take as muche of thone as of thother, so that all together mount to the quantitie of two fingers hygh in a glasse, & than drinke it, so shall you be preserued and saulfe from the plague. This water is also good for fistules, and woundes, and is well tryed and experimented.

Another perfecte recept agaynst the plague.

TAke a violle, or some other glasse, and fyll it vnto the thyrde part full with fyne tryacle, and one thyr∣dendeale, or thyrde parte with Aqua vite, and the other thyrde part with the vryne of a yonge man childe that is a vyrgyne, and helthfull: myxe all well together, and giue the pacient drinke therof three morninges, that is to saye, euery morning a glassefull. This hath ben pro∣ued in Venyse, the yeare 1504.

¶Another agaynst the plague.

AS sone as the person fealeth him selfe infe∣cted, let hym take the best Triacle he canne finde, and after hauinge swallowed downe a parte of it, let him take of the same the bygnesse of a Chestnut, and lay it vpon the sore that beginneth to rise, rubbinge it well rounde a∣bout with the said Triakle. Incontinent after this you muste take a Pygeon, and cut him in the middes quick, fethers and all, lay him to the sore warme as he is, and let him lie on it, vntill that parte of the Pigeon be wa∣xen and become grene, and the Triacle redde: then take it of, and you shall see that out of the Pigeon will come a greene water, whiche is all the venim that was in it. Ye must afterward cure the place with this plaister fo∣lowinge. Take two partes of freshe Barrowe grease, and one parte of wormewood well stamped, and laye it vpon the sore.

☞A thing oftentimes proued and experimented against the plague.

TAke Mastic two vnces, Euphorbium an vnce, Spick∣narde .v. vnces, beate this into poulder, and geue it the patient to drinke. If he be vnder .x. yeares of age, geue him a scrupule of it. If he be of yeares frome x. to .xx. halfe a dragme: but if he be aboue .xx. yeares olde, ye shall geue him a dragme, than take the herbe called in Greke Pentaphilon, in latine Quinquefolium, and in Englishe Cinkfoile, and wrappe it like a round ap∣ple in a piece of linnen cloth, layenge it so vnder whote imbers by the space of fowre Miserere, and after hauing taken it out againe, cut it in three pieces in the myddle, and laye it vpon the sore or griefe, which you shal cause to cease immediately.

❀ A preseruatiue agaynste the plague, oftentymes proued.

IN a daungerous time, take .iij. little braunches of Rue, a Walnutte and a figge: eate all this, and you

shall be safe.

Another.

TAke the dunge or excremente of a yonge boye be∣twene ten and .xij. yeares of age, and drie it, and af¦ter beat it into poulder: This done, put of it at the most two sponefulles in a glasse of white wine, and geue it the pacient to drinke at the leaste sixe houres after the greife taketh him, and the sooner the better. This hath ben founde true in many men.

❀ Another.

TAke the iuyce of a white Onyon, Hony, Vynaigre, the iuyce of Rue, and of Saint Iohns wort, of eche of them a like quantitie, mixe all together, and geue the patient to drinke thereof two thirdendeales of a glasse∣full, but let him haue it whote, and before the sixt houre after the paine shall haue taken him: This done make him sweate as much as he may in his bedde. This hath ben founde of great perfection, and experimented vpon diuers men.

❀ In a suspecte tyme of a plage.

TAke Pulliole or Peniroyall, in latin Pulegium, with Sugre roset, and make an electuary, the which you shall vse and eate, in a suspect time of a plague, at your breakefast, the quantitie or bygnes of a Chestnut, this haue men proued, and founde good.

☞Another well tried and proued agaynste the pestilence.

TAke Walnuttes when they be grene, tender, and good to make 〈◊〉〈◊〉 or preserues, put theim in Vynaigre 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of .viij. dayes, than take them oute againe 〈…〉〈…〉 theim in pieces, puttynge theim so into a 〈…〉〈…〉 Vinaigre, and stille the water of 〈…〉〈…〉 you shall geue the patient drinke euer 〈…〉〈…〉 a glassefull, and whan he hath dronke

it, let him sweate well in his bedde.

❀ A very perfyte secrete against the plague.

TAke an vnce of Aloe Epaticū, halfe an vnce of Myrrhe halfe an vnce of Saffron: beate into poulder and sifte the Aloe and the Myrrhe together, than beate the Saffron in poulder, stiepe, and soke it, or washe it with white wyne very stronge, so that it be like a sauce, than put the other poulders to it, and mixe well altogether, yf nede be you maye put more wine to it, so much that of all may be made as it were a lumpe, and so pilles. And if you wil make it very stronge, for euery vnce put to it halfe an vnce of Diagridrum, and halfe an vnce of Camphyre. Maister Frauncesse Albert toke three eight partes of the sayde Pilles, without Diagridium, sokynge and steepinge them in good wine, and gaue them to the patient as sone as he coulde: and so made him sweate muche in his bedde, for by sweatinge the venom dydde resolue.

❀Another very good secrete.

TAke the flowers or blossomes of Walnuttes, and drye them in the shadowe, and whan the Nuttes be in season to confict, you shall cut part of them into small pieces, the whiche you shall put in stronge Vynaigre by the space of three dayes: than take th••im oute, and mengle them with the sayde flowers, distilling them thorowe a Limbecke of glasse, or of earth leaded within: kepe this water diligentlye, and whan anye man feeleth him selfe taken or infected with the plage, geue him of it as sone as is possible two vnces and a halfe, or thre vnces, and you shall dryue a∣waye the disease by the course of the belly, or by vomi∣tynge, or elles wyl make the sore or botch to come forth, the whiche you shal make rype and breake, as we haue afore declared.

☞To make a carbuncle, and al other botches, apostumes and plague soores to breake, a present remedye and very easy to make.

TAke Baye Salte well beaten into poulder and sifted, incorporate it with the yelke of ••an Egge, and laye it vpon the carbuncle or sore, and be as∣sured that (with the grace of God) it wil drawe to it self all the venim and poyson of the plague or soore, so that in shorte time he shall be cured: A remedye oftentymes proued.

❀ A very good remedy agaynst the markes of the plage, commonly called Goddes markes.

TAke freshe and greene Rhaponticum, which is the herbe and rote called the more and great Cen∣torie: it is named of Pliny (as Ruellius writeth) Rhacoma, the rotes of the herbe called Sanguinaria Dactilon, of some Dens canis, of Dioscorides Coronopus, that is to saye, crowes fote. Some take it to be Dandelion. The rootes of Turmentylle, white Dictanium, of eche of these an vnce, stampe all well, and put it in a pot or vy∣ole, with well, riuer, or cunduyte water, at your discre∣tion, rather to muche then to litle, vntyll it passe halfe a handfull aboue the other thinges in the potte or more, then let it boyle with a lytle cleare and flaminge fire without smoke, vntil it be diminished of the third part, than straine it out softly, and it will be of the colour of wine, kepe it in some vessell of glasse, and whan neces∣sitie requyreth, you may geue the patient a glassefull of it in the morninge, and as muche at night, two houres before supper, and it, must be very hote: than couer him well in his bedde, and make hym sweate. Whan the markes come forth, he shall become like a lazar or leper and shall be shortly cured.

❀Agaynst the mortalitie of the pestilence, a verye per∣fyt remedie.

TAke Gentian, Seduaria, rootes of Turmentille, of eche of them two vnces, redde Sandale, whit and recent Dictanium hartes horne burned, white pear¦les, Bole armenick, rounde Aristolochia, of eche of theim an vnce, Campher halfe an vnce, white Sugre two vn¦ces, of all these thinges well beaten to poulder, you shal take at euery time a dragme, with thre vnces of endiue water, or sorell water, myre the water and the poulder with the bignesse of a Walnutte of fine Triacle. You must ministre this medicine before the sicknesse hathe continued with the person twelue houres, for it is than surer. If in case after the twelue houres it worke not so well as you woulde haue it, yet muste you haue a good hope. And if the patient be yet in the age of infancy, you shall geue him halfe a dragme of it, with an vnce and a halfe of one of the sayd waters, and with a like quanti∣tie of Triacle. The sayde drinke is not soluble or laxa∣tiue, nor causeth no greif to him, but onelye killeth the poyson. If any man had dronken or eaten anye poison, this is a verye good medecine for him: it is also good agaynst a hote feuer or ague. Note also that (if it be pos∣sible) the patient muste be let bloude before he take the sayde medecine: if not, let it be done afterwarde, that is to say, on the same syde that he fealeth the greif.

☞To make litle rounde apples or balles agaynst the plage.

TAke Laudanum halfe an vnce, Storax calamita an vnce, Olambre diamusci, of eche of theym halfe a dragme, Campher two graynes, Cloues fiftene graines, Nutmegges, Mace, of eche of them halfe an eyghte parte, damaskine Rose a scrupule, Synamom halfe a dragme, Spicknarde fiftene graynes, Muske, C••uet, of eche of them eyghte graynes, fine Uiolettes halfe a dragme, lignum Aloes foure graines, Calami aromaetici the bignesse of a Beane, fine Amber foure graines, Myrre the bignesse of a Beane. Stampe firste the Lau∣denum with a hote pestell, than stampe well the Storax ca∣laminta,

and all the other thinges eche one by it selfe: and than mixe all together, and stampe it still with a hote pestell, addinge to it at euerye time Storax liquida, and Rose water, vntill all the saied thinges bee well incorporated: and than make youre rounde apples or balles.

An oyntment to kill the plage.

TAke Sope makers water, and boyle it vntill it waxe or become as it were an oyntment, than take of the woode of Willowe, or Beeche, and burne it: after, quenche the coles in vinagre, and drie them in the shadowe, in suche sorte that a man maye stampe and sift them. Take also quicke lime at youre discretion, and mingle it with the saied Sope water: then take the same pouder vntill you haue ynough, and halfe an vnce of freshe and sweete Hogges grease or seyme: mixe all together, after this dooen, take of lytle greene wormes shininge with a glosse like golde, bred in the toppe of Asshes or Oliues, called in Latyne Can∣tharidae or Cantharides halfe a dragme, beate theym into pouder and mixe theym together, with the rest, making an oyntment somewhat harde: leaue it so in some ves∣sell well closed and stopped, and if there arise anye oyle vpon it, take it of fayre and softlye.

A verie perfite oyle against the plage and all poyson.

TAke oyle of the eldest you can finde, and boyle it the space of an houre, & for euery poūd of the said oyle, put in .l. scorpiōs, or as many as you can get, put all this in a pot vncouered, the which pot you shall set in a kettle or caudron of boylinge water, vntill the thirde part of the oyle or somewhat lesse bee consumed. Than take oute the Scorpions, and powre the oyle thorowe a canuesse into another potte, or violle well stopped, whiche you shall sette in the Sunne the space of two or three monethes: if it bee not in Sommer, set it vpon hete asshes, by the space of three or foure dayes. 〈1 page missing〉〈1 page missing〉

sit vppon the botche or soore, or the place of the plage, and holde her so a good while. Then you shall see that the saied Henne will haue drawen all (or at the least some) the poyson and infection, and that shortlye after she will die. It shall be good to dooe this with twoo or three or moe Hennes, immediatlye one after another, the whiche will drawe all the venom oute of the soore. This doen, annoynt the place with good Triacle, and let not in the meane time to vse other remedies by the mouth, whereof we haue spoken here before, that is to saye, the Yuy or Baye berryes, or some other remedie, that you finde must redie. If the soore bee so harde that it will not breake, you maye vse the foresaied remedies to make it breake, to the intent that all the venom may comme out, and voyde from the heart.

☞An aduertisement and warnynge of greate im∣portauuce, to preserue a mannes selfe in tyme of pe∣stylence.

BEcause the euyll humours that be in mannes bodye, do easelye receiue the cor∣ruption & infection of the ayer, it is good to kepe the stomacke, and the head cleane purged, not to ouerlade it with eatinge and drinkinge, but to absteine frō grosse meates, to purge him selfe as ofte as is possible, with some gentill and familier purgation, as Cassia, pilles, as the pilles of Masticke, of Aloe, or of other suche like thinges, and aboue all, to vse often of the leese of wyne, called Tartre, whiche you must beate well in poulder, and stiepe it with hote water, & than straine it or dreane it fayer and softely out: Afterwarde drie it thorowly, as men do white salt, than kepe the same poulder, and put thre vnces of it with a pounde of sugre roset, and in the morninge take a good sponefull thereof vntill there be an vnce or more, and do this from day to daye, for it will kepe your body cleane, and purged: and he that can not do it with Sugre roset, let him take the leese stamped,

and stiepe or wasshe it in the broth of fleshe or of cole∣wortes, sturringe it vntill al be leused and vndone that may be leused, then let it stand a while, and after powre softely the broth into a dishe, cast awaye the substances that go to the bottome, and drinke the broath: do this euery daye at the houres of your meales, or at the least euerie seconde daye, or whan you shall thinke good. It shalbe good also to eate in youre pottage, thinges that purge the bloude, as Buglasse, Borrage, Succorie, Let tyse, and suche lyke: and aboue all not to kepe your sto∣mack ouer charged, nor to emptie: and in the morninge betime, to take some of the foresaied preseruatiues, as the poulder that was experimented in England (as we haue recited) or suche other like. Than .ii .or. iii. houres before dyner to take some of the sayde other preseruati∣ues, as the Rue with a figge, and with the Walnutte, whiche is a thinge very good, or some of the sayd confe∣ctions, or a piece of the pille of a Cytron conficte, or a sponefull of the iuyce of Citrons dressed as we wyll de∣clare hereafter, and to vse of it at meales in maner of a saulce, and after meales to vse of the seede of Citrons confict in Sugre, as they make the Coriander, and Al∣mondes, whiche is a thinge verye good agaynst all ma∣ner of venim and poysen. And lykewise at your meales to eate the white and the inne side of a Cytron with a litle sugre if you wyll, and to eate it with flesh, or bread (as men eate lemons) in the morninge, at none, and at night when you go to bedde. It shuld be also very good to bath and washe youre handes, youre temples, youre poulses, and poure nose with Vinaygre roset, or with other, wherevnto you muste put a lytle Campher, rose water, Lignum Aloes, Xilobalsamum, if you can gette it, if not, a lytle Sinamom in steede of it. It is good alwaies to kepe suche maner of Vinaigre beside you in some vi∣ole, for to vse of it whan time shall require: for it is a ve∣ry good preseruatiue: and if you can not haue the Vin∣aygre compounde, as is sayde, vse Vynaygre of com∣mon wyne. Also it shall be good to cary about you some

parfume, or good odour, either in your gloues, shurte, handkercher, cappe, bearde, or to hange it aboute your necke, or otherwise. Your house oughte to be kepte as cleane and as nete as is possible, not sauoringe of pysse nor other ordure, ye ought to kepe it shut, washinge of∣ten the gutters and priuies. Ye muste also kepe as fewe foule and stincking clothes in your house as is possible. Riche men ought oftentimes to parfume theyr houses with some notable parfume, wherof we will put in the booke folowing a good nombre. Poore men may make prouision of leaues, and of the woode of a Baye tree, of Rose mary, Ienepar, Cypres, and to vse it as often as they may, burninge it in the myddes of theyr chamber, or house, and principally at night and in the morninge. Likewise of Orenge and lemmon pilles, or other swete smellinge thinges. Storax calamita, and Labdanum, be good chepe and are very good for this purpose. As con∣cerninge the disposition of courage and minde, ye must consider that sorowe, sadnesse, or melancolie, corrupte the bloude and other humours, weaken the hearte, and depraue & hurte nature, therefore ought a man to auoide them as much as is possible. Also if a man be to merrye oriocunde, it dilateth, and enlargeth the pores and passages of the seede of man, and the harte, so that he is the more enclined to receiue the euyll ayer, and venim, whiche are thinges▪ that penetrate and pearce sore. Also a man must beware of drinkinge to muche wine, for it maketh merry and chereth a man out of measure. Now because that in time of a pestilence euery man is afraid, so that he thinketh that a man can not ketch the disease, in being to merry (onles it be so that he be dronke, as is sayd) but contrarye in beinge to sadde or sorowfull: for sorow & sadnesse come of them selues, not sought after: Therfore it is good to vse temperance, and moderatiō, walkinge and recreating him selfe honestly, not vsing to muche carnall companie or copulation. And aboue all, a man muste haue alwayes a sure hope and confi∣dence in God, euer to hee readye and disposed to dye,

when it shall please him to call vs, not estemynge so muche this mundaine life, or fearinge so muche death, whiche is none other thinge than an issue or depar∣tinge oute of this life full of calamities, and an entring into an eternal life replenished with all ioye, solace, and pleasure.

☞To dresse and order the Iuyce of Cytrons, for to vse of it as is afore sayde.

TAke the Iuyce of Citrons as muche as you wyl, and put it in a panne leaded within in, than adde to it twoo vnces of skimmed Honnye for euerye pounde of the saied Iuyce, a lytle Sugre after your discretion, a litle Synamom in poulder. Let thys boyle a verie litle while together, and than keepe it and take of it before youre meale, and at youre meales, in steede of sauce, whiche is a verye good remedie, as well for to preserue a man agaynst the infection of the ayre, as to driue it awaye after he isfected with it. It is also a very good medicine for to take as soone as a man doubteth to haue receyued some poyson into his bodie.

¶The ende of the fyrste booke.

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take Muske, Amber, and Ciuet as muche as ye will, in a vessell suche as parfumours vse, and put to it. iii. or iiii. droppes of fayre water: after this, tempre it with a lyttle rose water, vntyll it be lyke tender and softe past: than set the vessell for to parfume and smoke vppon the fyre, lyke as men parfume chambers: and se that all the fume and smoke he receyued thorowe the sayd nuttes. This done, you shal take out of it the oyle which wil be very excellent, as well to vse alone by it selfe, as to par∣fume gloues, and all other thynges.

☞To make an odoriferous and sweete water, ve∣rye good.

TAke twelue pounde of Damaske rose water, La∣uander water, Cloues, Synamom, of eche of them a dragme, Mace, great Cardamomum, Muske, Amber, of eche of them halfe a scruple, drie Pylles of Citrons, Sandalum citrinum, Ireos, of eche of them halfe a dragme, Bengewin, Storax calamita, of eche a scrupule, and of all this make a composition, the which you shall put in a vessell of glasse well stopped, leauinge it so by the space of fiftene daies. Afterwarde let it bee distilled in Bal••eo Marie, the maner whereof is described in the first booke, and the water that shall issue oute of it, put in a violle well stopt in the Sunne the space of fiftene dayes, and than shall you haue a water of greate ex∣cellencie.

☞The seconde odoriferous water.

TAke the leaues of Damaske roses, the freshe leaues of Gylle flowres of eche of them a pounde, the flo∣wres of Rosemarye, the flowres of Lauander, the flo∣wres of Iasemyn, Maioram, Sauourye, Serpyne, or Serpille, called wilde Time, or running Time, which groweth on olde walles, ouer welles and pondes: and in some places it smelleth like time, and in some places lyke to Sauourye, it is called in Latyne Serpyllus or Ser∣pillum, in Frenche du Serpolet, of these three vnces, of drie

Citron pilles an vnce. After this Synamom, Benge∣wine, Storax calamita, of eche of thē two dragmes, Nut∣megges, Macaleb, of eche of theym a dragme: but you muste stampe well the herbes, and bray the spyces wel, then put all together in a earthen potte leaded: and af∣ter it hath stande in the Sunne, by the space of twoo daies distille it in Balneo Marle. And to the water that issueth out, putte a scrupule of fine Muske, lettinge it stande afterwarde in a violle of glasse well stopped by the space of twentye or thyrtye dayes. Then shall you haue a notable water.

The thyrde sweete water.

TAke sixe pounde of Damaske rose water, a glasse full of Malmsey, three pounde of Damaske rose leaues freshe and newe, Lauander flowres, the flowres of greene Spike, of eche of them foure vnces, the flowres of Cherfoyle or Cheruille, flowres of Iase∣mine, the flowres or blossomes of Olyue trees, of eche of them a pounde and a halfe, the drie flowres or blos∣somes of Orenge trees three vnces, of the drye pilles of Cytrons foure dragmes, cloues a dragme and a halfe, Synamom, Storax calamita, Bengewyne, of eche of them two scrupules, Nutmegges a scrupule. Let al the saied spices fyrst bee well beaten into poulder, and then put all together into a violle well stopte by the space of ten daies, than after lette all bee dystylled in Balneo ma∣rie. And to the water that commeth oute, adde Muske, and Amber, of eche of them a scrupule and a halfe. You must kepe it in the Sunne and in some neate place.

☞The fourth sweete water.

TAke Cloues well beaten in poulder twoo dra∣gmes, the poulder of Sandalum citrinum, and Ma∣caleb, of eche of theym a scrupule, ten pounde of Damaske rose water, & the water of the herbe that the Italians call Soltanella fower pounde, Lauan∣der

water a ponnde. Let all this bee lefte together by the space of foure dayes, and then put it in a Limbecke, and distell it, vnto this water that commeth of it, lette these spyces folowing bee put well beaten to poulder, that is to saye, Cloues, Synamom, Bengewine, Storax calamita, of eche of them halfe a dragme: and then again distill it in Balneo Marie. Finallye you shall put to it Muske, and Amber, in all, halfe a scrupule, and let the water bee kept in a violle, or other vessell of glasse well stopte.

☞The fyfte sweete water.

TAke fower pounde of Damaske rose water, La∣uender water, Spike water, of eche of them thre vnces, the water of blossomes of Lymons, or Orenges, the water of the blossomes Myrtell of a tree, blossomes of Iasemin, of Maioram, of eche of theym halfe a pounde, Bengewyne, Storax calamita of eche a dragme, Muske halfe a scrupule. Mengle well all toge∣ther, and keepe it in violles well stopte syxe dayes.

Then distille it in Balneo Marie, and keepe the water in a vessell of glasse, by the space of fiftene dayes in the Sunne, and afterwarde reserue it for to serue youre tourne, when you wyll occupie it.

☞The syxte odoriferous water.

TAke freshe flowres of Rosemarye twoo pounde, Amber a scrupule, three pounde of the flowres of Orenges, Lemons and Citrons, all confusely to∣gether, whiche the Frenche men call can de naphe, leaue all together in some vessell well stoppte tenne dayes. Then the water being distilled in Balneo Marie, lette it bee kepte in a violle of glasse verie close and stopped.

☞The seuenth sweete water.

TAke of the foresaied water of Naphe, foure poūd, Damaske rose water, twoo pounde, with halfe a scrupule of Amber. All these thinges being wel

mixed together, and putte in a violle of glasse well stopte, leaue theym in the Sunne by the space of a mo∣neth, and then keepe theym to occupie at youre plea∣sure.

☞The eyght odoriferous water.

TAke fowre pounde of Damaske rose water, wyth sixe vnces of Lauender water, the flowres of Iase∣myn three pounde, with half a scrupule of fyne Muske. Keepe wel all this together in a vessell wel stopt, by the space of tenne dayes: and after distill it in Balneo Marie, vntil al bee come out. Then kepe it in a violle of glasse, for youre vse when you shall occupie it, and you shall finde it a merueylous water.

☞The nynth sweete water.

TAke the Pilles of Orenges, and of greene Citrons of eche of them halfe an vnce, Cloues a scrupule, the flowres of Spike newelye gathered sixe vnces. All these thinges muste bee mixte together as afore is said, with sixe pounde of Damaske rose water: and after they haue stande certaine daies in some couered vessell, you muste styll theym in Balneo Marie. And the water that shall come of it will bee very excellent.

☞The tenth odoriferous water.

TAke twoo pounde of the leaues of Damaske roses, Macaleb halfe a dragme, halfe a scrupule of good Amber: and hauing first beaten that whiche is neede∣full, sette all vpon hote ymbers twoo or three daies: but before you distille it, you muste let it steepe ten dayes, in ten pounde of the water of Damaske roses, and so than distill it in Balneo Marie. The water of it muste after∣warde bee kept in the Sunne the space of fiftene daies.

☞Oyle of Orenges verie excellent.

TAke a pounde of swete Almondes well pilled, the flowers of Limons or Orenges, asmuche as you will, the which you shall deuide into three equall

partes: After this you shall laye the thirde parte of the same flowers abroade vpon a very white linnen clothe in a sieue, strowinge also abroade vpon those flowers halfe of the sayde Almondes, the whiche you shall couer with another thirde parte of the sayde flowers: And than the rest of the sayde Almondes, the which you shall couer finally with the reste of your flowres, so that the Almondes may euermore be in y^e myddle of the flowres in the said sieue, & so leaue them together by the space of sixe dayes, renewinge and chaunginge euery daye the flowres, and than the Almondes. This done, you shall beate the Almondes in a morter, and presse them in a fayre white lynnen cloth, in a pressour, vntyl there issue out a very cleare oyle, whervnto you shall adde a lyttle Ciuet, Muske, and Bengewine. Afterwarde leaue it in the sonne eight dayes, in some vessell well stopped.

Oyle of Iasemine, and of violettes.

TAke sweete Almondes well pilled and brayed, the flowers of Iasemyn as much as you wil, and lay∣eng them ranke vpon ranke, you shal leaue them in some moyste place ten dayes together or more, than take them awaye, and presse out the oyle in a pressoure: the vertue of the which oyle serueth for diuers thinges. In the like maner maye you haue oyle of Violetes, and other flowres.

Oyle of Nutmegges very parfyt.

TAke Nutmegges, of the best you can finde, and accordinge to the quantitie of the oyle that you wyll haue: and hauinge cut them in small pie∣ces, you shall put to them as much Malmsey as will couer them ouer in some vessell of glasse or other, leauinge theim so the space of three dayes. Than take them out and set them to drye in some cleane place, by the space of two dayes. Finally heate them at the fyre, sprinklinge them with rose water: Than presse theim as is before mentioned, in a pressour, and you shal haue

out of them an excellente oyle good for manye thinges, whiche must be kept in some cleane vessell well stopte.

Oyle of Bengewyne very excellent.

TAke sixe vnces of Bengewyne, wel beaten into poulder, the which you shal let dissolue a whole day in oyle of Tartre, and Rose water, of eche a pounde: and than with a close pipe ye shall di∣still it thorowe a Limbecke, and so keepe it as a thynge moost excellent.

Oyle of Storax very excellent.

IN like maner is made oyle of Storax. Take Storax liquida, what quantitie you wyl, and put it in Rose water two or thre dayes, thē dystill it as the Bengewin was in the ma∣ner abouesayde. Fyrste there issueth oute water, and then a very excellent and precious oyle.

Oyle of Myrrhe, good for them that haue their flesshe full of humours, and carraine leane, for to make it tra∣ctable, quicke, naturall, and stronge.

TAke Egges harde rosted, and cut theim in the mid∣des, take awaye the yelke, and fyll them vp with Myrrhe beaten into poulder, and put thē in some moiste place, where the sayde Myrrhe may dissolue into oyle, by little and little. This oyle maketh not onely the face or other partes of the body softe and tractable, but also taketh awaye all Cycatrices and skarres.

The maner to make that oyles shall neuer waxe moul∣dy, nor putrifie.

TAke for euery pounde of oyle two graynes of salte, one graine of the filing of copper or brasse, as much roche Alom as salte, and boyle all the sayd thinges a le¦tle together in Balneo marie: than straine it out, and let it stande eyght dayes in the Sonne. And than kepe such oyle as longe as you will, and feare not, for it will ne∣uer

diminishe, putrifye, nor corrupt.

❀ Poulder of Iris.

TAke Iris electe, what quantitie you will, and after you haue wel beaten it into poulder, stiepe it, and temper it also well with Rose water, and laye it than abrode vpon a sieue couered. This done, take Sto∣rax calamita, and Bengewyn, of eche of theim halfe an vnce, beate them well into poulder, and make therof an infusion into a glasse of Rose water, & hauynge poured it vnder the said sieue wel couered rounde about, ye shal afterward seeth it vpon the embers. And so the Iris wax¦inge cleane and dry, receiueth the parfume of the other substaunces. This poulder will be excellent to geue an odoure vnto clothes or garmentes, & all other thinges.

Poulder of Violettes.

TAke Iris, knoppes of Roses, of eche a pound, pilles of Cytrons drye .iiii. vnces, Gylleflowers, Sanda∣lum citrinum, drye Lauender, Coliander, of eche of them two vnces, Nutmigges an vnce, Maioram dryed, Storax calamita, of eche of them an vnce and a halfe, Ben∣gewyn electe sixe vnces. Beate to poulder and sift fine∣lye all the sayde thinges, and the poulder shal be made: the whiche you shall kepe in a viole of glasse, well stopt that it take no vent.

A whyte poulder to put in litle bagges.

TAke Saudalum Citrinum a quarter of an vnce, poulder of the best Bengewin that may be got∣ten, Iris, of eche of them an vnce, and boile them in Rose water inough: than take burned Alom and well sifted twelue vnces, let it lye in the sayde wa∣ter and make pilles, or litle balles flatte at both endes, of the biggenesse of peason or biggar, the whiche you shall drye in the shadowe: and afterwarde beate theim in to poulder, and syft them again, and than it is made. But if you will haue it musked, take Ambre and Musk,

eche of them. xxiiii. graines, Ci••et .xviij. graines, & mix¦ing al this together, fil w^e it lyttle bagges of linen cloth Taffeta, or other sylk, the which you maye laye among clothes, or other garmentes, a thinge verye excellente.

Poulder of Cypres.

TAke a litle herbe that groweth and is found vpon the stocke or stumpe of Walnuttes or Okes, whi∣che is lyke little heare, and muste be gathered in Ianuarye and Februarye, when the wether is drye, drye it, and than washe it with fayre riuer or well wa∣ter, and drie it ones agayne in the shadowe, and hauing washed it so three or foure times, you shall put it in rose water by the space of an houre: After beat it into poul∣der verye small and syfte it, but the sieue whereon you must strowe the sayde poulder must be alwayes syryn∣kled a litle with rose water, coueringe it well, to thin∣tent it take no maner of vent: And after this you must parfume it with these thinges folowing, that is to say: with Bengewyn, Storax calamita, of ech of them two vnces, of the swete parfume called Thymiama, a dramme, La∣uander half a dragme, Lignū Aloe, a quarter of an vnce. Beat eche thing by it self grossely, & than mingle them together, and deuide them into four partes, wherof one part must be set vpō the furnis in a vessel within y^e sieue leuing it ther til it be al consumed, & do so w^t all the .iiii. parts, vntyl al the pouder of y^e sayd parfume be burned. But you muste take heede that the panne dysh, or other vessell, wherein the saide poulders shall be put for to be brent, be set vnder the sieue, wher your poulder is, and that the sieue be well couered, that nothinge vent out, so that the poulder in the sieue may receiue all the sayde parfume. Than after take an vnce of the sayd poulder, and intermire with it by lytle and litle, sixe graynes of Cyuet, and. xxvi. graines of fine Muske, wel beaten to∣gether in poulder. This poulder must be kept in a viole or other vessell of glasse very close, to thentent it take no vent, and muste also be set in a drie place. This is the most excellent poulder that a man can make. It is very

true that out of Cipres and the east partes men bringe to Venise certaine rounde balles of a yelowe coloure, whiche they call Butri, of an Ile nigh vnto Candy, called Butra, and say that it is Oxe dunge taken vp in Maye, and diuers times sprinkled and watred with rose water than dried, and finallye made in to rounde balles, the whiche the parfumers do braye, and without any more parfuminge them in a sieue, they adde vnto it Benge∣wyne, Muske, and Ciuette, more or lesse, accordynge as they wyll make it good.

☞Vvhite musked Sope.

TAke Sope scraped or grated, as much as you will the whiche (when ye haue well stieped and tempe red in rose water) leaue it eight dais in the sunne: Than you shall adde to it an vnce of the water or milk of Macaleb, twelue graines of Muske, and sixe graines of Ciuet, and reducinge all the whole into the fourme and maner of harde past, you shall make therof very ex∣cellent balles.

Another kinde of odoriferous white Sope.

TAke Venise Sope of the eldest you can finde, the whiche you shall cutte or scrape with a knife, and sette it three dayes in the Sonne: And after ha∣uinge well brayed it, you shal dissolue it in a vessell lea∣ded within, with a pounde of good rose water, lettinge it boyle with a small fire, than you shall put to it of the roote of Iris, called Ireos, beaten into poulder .iiij. vnces, Amylum sixe vnces, whyte Sandale two vnces, Storax liquida an vnce, Oyle of Spike an vnce, and sturringe it alwayes with a sticke, ye shall afterwarde let it coole againe. And finally make balles of it, euen as you wil.

☞To make Damaskine sope musked.

TAke a pounde of the best Sope you can gette, and after hauing grated or skraped it verie smal, take fine Synamom, Nutmegges, Storax calamita, of

eche of them an vnce, lignum Aloes two dragmes, Benge∣wine perfite and thorowlye made two vnces, the poul∣der of Viollettes an vnce. Hauing beaten well to poul∣der all these foresaied thinges, you shal adde vnto them a dragme of the poulder of Cypres, a lytle Muske, and Ciuet: then steepe and temper it in Rose water, and af∣ter leaue it fourtie daies in the Sunne, in mouing and sturring it often times. Than make balles of it, or ly∣tle rounde loues, the whiche you muste keepe in boxes of woode with cotton, wolle or bombase.

☞To get out the milke of Macaleb.

BYcause the vse of the mylke of Macaleb hath been putte in manye compositions, as we haue saied, we will teache you the maner howe to get it out, which shall be this. Take the Macaleb, whiche are litle soote and odoriferous graynes so called, the whiche you shall stampe in a morter, with Rose wa∣ter, or some other sweete water, vntill they bee lyke a sauce, and hauing put them in a poke of linnen clothe, you shall presse the milke out of theim in a pressoure, or betwene two lytle bourdes. Then braye agayne, with the sayed water, that whiche shall remaine in the poke, and presse it a newe, vntill there issue no moore milke. But here I muste aduertise you, that this milke conti∣nueth not aboue two or three dayes: therefore you must immediatlye put it in effect and occupie it.

☞Poulder of Ciuet verye exquisite.

TAke Sngre candye what quantitie you list, and put it in a brasen morter: and after you haue wel beaten it, adde to it as muche Ciuet as you wyll: and make thereof poulder, the whiche you muste keepe alwayes close.

☞A priucipall poulder.

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TAke Damaskene Roses, Cipre Alexandrin, Sandalum citrinum, of eche of theym an vnce, Iris halfe an vnce, lignum Aloes, Calamus aromaticus, Galanga Bengewine, of eche of theym a grayne and a quarter, you shall make of all thys a verie fyne poulder, and incorporate it well, keepynge in a violle well stopped.

☞A white odoriferous poulder.

TAke Iris electe three vnces, white Sandall twoo vnces, Damaske roses, Lignum Aloes, Benge∣wyn, Cypre alexandrine, of eche of theym twoo vnces, Muske foure graynes, Ciuet three graynes: beate theym a parte, and sifte theym: then incorporate them together in the same brasen morter, that you dyd beate them in, and keepe the poulder of them in a violle well stopped.

☞A redde poulder.

TAke Damaske roses twoo vnces, Sandalium citrinum an vnce, lignum Aloes, Cypre alexandryn, of eche of them a grayne and halfe a quarter, Iris halfe a grayne or more, Cloues a scrupule, fine Muske three graynes, Ciuet two graines, Amber twoo graines. Bray theim and mixe them together, and so keepe them.

☞A blacke poulder.

TAke Cipri Alexandrini, lignum Aloes, of eche of theym halfe an vnce, Sandali citrini, Damaske roses, labdaniterreni, of eche of theim a quarter, Cloues a grayne, and a lytle more, Muske thre graines, Cyuet twoo graynes, beate theym in poulder and kepe theym.

☞Poulder of Cypre verye exquisite.

TAke a pounde of the mosse of an Oke, and washe it well in faier water, vntill the water remayne cleare: then laye it abrode vpon a table in the

Sunne vntill it bee dried: after, sprinkle or water it, with rose water: and hauinge it lefte it so couered in a dishe or platter, you shall laye it a brode agayne in a ve∣rie hote Sunne, when it is drie ynough to beate, beate it in poulder, and sifte it finelye almoste all: You shall sprinkele or water this poulder, with Muske rose wa∣ter, and laye it abroade vppon a greate sarce, tourned downewarde, good and thicke, and some what course, vnder the whiche sarce, you shall make a perfume as foloweth, couexinge it with a clothe, whiche bee thus: Bengewine two graynes and a quarter, Labdani half a graine and more, Storax calamita twoo carrettes, lignum Aloes halfe a grayne and more, fine Muske half a grain. Beate all these thinges grosselye, and after mixe them together, then put by lytle and lytle the poulder vnder the sarce in some potte sharde, with a litle fier in it, and caste it in as you woulde dooe Frankencese, staiyng at euerie time, vntill the first parte, first cast in, bee consu∣med. Nowe, all the saied perfume beinge dooen, if you will make the saied poulder verie fine and exquisite, vn¦to euerye vnce adde these thinges folowinge, Benge∣wine a carret, Muske foure graines, Ciuet twoo grai∣nes, beate these by theym selues verie small and fyne, and mingle them with the saied vnce of poulder, so that all maye bee well incorporated together: than keepe it well, for it is notable and singuler.

☞Another waye to make it verie perfecte.

TAke the recente and fresshe dunge of an Oxe, and drie it in the Sunne, or in an ouen, then beate it, and sifte it, sprinkle it well after with Rose water, and lea∣uing it so in a vessel, the space of a daye, drie it agayne in the Sunne. And when it is drie, bathe it againe with Rose water, and drie it againe, and dooe so three or foure times. The last time you shall water it or bathe it somewhat more then the other times, because it maye cleaue to the bottome of

the vessell, whiche muste bee well leaded within, and verie cleane, after this you shall remoue and sturre it well, and perfume it with some perfume, that the other foresayed poulder was perfumed with. Then hauinge perfumed it diuers times, you shall lette it drie in the saied vessell, takinge heede also that it take no vent. And after it is wel dried stampe it, and sift it a newe a∣gayne, and then keepe it in some violle: and if you wyll make it verie fine, take an vnce of the saied poulder, three graines of fyne Muske, foure graines and a halfe of Bengewine, twoo graines of Cyuet, braye and in∣corporate all well together, and keepe it.

☞A sweete and odoriferous poulder, verie excellent to laye in chestes and cofers.

TAke the buddes of Roses as many as you wyll, and drie them in the shadow: than set theim a∣broade whan the sonne is most hotest in a clene vessell, puttinge to theim suche a quantitie of Rose water as will beare them vp, and sturrynge them well, leaue them in the Sunne (couered with a linnen cloth) vntyll it be hote. And whan they be drye, & haue dronke vp all the rose water, take for euerye pounde of Roses, ten graines of Muske, and a quarter of fine vio∣lettes beaten smal into poulder, in puttinge to them by litle and litle of the sayde poulder, and mixinge well all together, vntill they beginne to be incorporated: but before you put in the saide poulder, dreane and powre out the water of the sayd vessel, that there remayne not a droppe in the bottome. This done, laye the sayd roses abroade in a basen of copper, or of brasse, whiche is bet∣ter, and let the sayde basin be plaine and euen, not in∣bossed, and set them in the Sunne when it shyneth most hotest, coueringe them ouer, so that neuerthelesse they may drie, than make a poulder of them, and kepe it. And if you wil geue a swete odour or sauour vnto your garmentes, take the said Roses so dried before you beat them in poulder, and put thē in some lytle linen bagge

very fine, the whiche you may laye in youre coffers, or where your apparell lyeth.

An odoriferous and swete poulder.

TAke the buddes of redde Roses, and braie them in a morter, as thoughe you woulde haue the iuyce out of them, than set them in a hote Sunne, sprin klinge them with Rose water, and so water them and drie them againe oftentimes, and than make of them a poulder, the whiche you shal parfume with the poulder of Cypre, as the other aforesayd, and kepe it in a vyole.

Oyle of Bengewyne.

TAke Bengewine as much as you will, and lay it vn∣der a dungehill in a violle or glasse well stopped (so that it take no vente) by the space of fiftene or twentye dayes: Than strayne it, and kepe it in a viole, for it is a singuler and deintie oyle.

A very good and odoriferous poulder, to carrye aboute a man, or to lay in coffers.

TAke fourtene vnces of roses newly dried, fine cloues, twoo dragmes, the seede of Spyke a dragme, Storax, halfe an vnce, fine Synamom halfe a dragme. Braye them, and kepe them in a violle well stopped, you maye also put to them (if you wil) two graynes of fyne Musk, Ligni Aloes halfe a dragme.

Balles agaynst the pestilence or plage, whiche also geue an adour vnto all thinges

TAke Storax, one part, Ladani one parte, cloues halfe a parte, Campher at your discretion, but lesse then of anye of the other substaunces, of Spikenarde a good quantite, and of Nutmegges also, of all this make paste with Rose water, in the whiche you shal tēper Gomme dragant, and Gomme Arabike, sturringe and brusyng them well. Of this past you shall make balles to holde in your handes, and to smell to.

A princely licour.

TAke Muske, Ambergrise, Ciuette, of eche of theim foure graynes, braye all together, and incorporate it with a lytle oyle of swete Almondes, and make ther∣of a licoure, whiche you shall kepe in a bessell of yuo∣rye well stopped, and vse of it as you vse Ciuet.

Liquide and softe Sope of Naples.

TAke stronge lie, with two partes of the asshes of the wood of the tree called in latine Cerrus, which is a kind of tre like to a poplar, hauing a streight longe stem bearinge a kinde of maste, roughe withoute like a Chestin, and one parte of quicke time, and make it so stronge that it may beare a newe laide egge swim∣minge betwene two waters. Take eighte potfulles of this lie very hote, a potfull of deeres grease or suet well strained cleane: mingle them and set theim on the fyre, but see that they seeth not. Put all in a greate vessell leaded within hauinge a large bottome, leauinge it in Sommer in the Sunne, and styrringe it foure or fyue times a daye with a sticke, and note that you muste set it in the day time in the sunne, and the night time in the ayre abroade, so that it raine not, continuinge thus the space of eight daies. Let it ware as firme and as harde as you will, so that it remain neuerthelesse in the forme of past, and the older it is, the better it wil be. Than af∣terwarde take of this masse or past, as much as you wil and put it in a vessell leaded, styrringe it well with a sticke, and adde to the same as muche fine Muskte Rose water as you will: kepe it eyghte dayes in the Sonne, styrringe it from time to time, as is aforesaide: and if it waxe to harde, put Rose water to it, in such quantitie, that it be neither to harde nor to soft, and fill as manye litle boxes with all, as you will.

To make the sayde Sope musked.

TAke fine Muske as muche as you liste, beate it well in a brasen morter, putting to it Rose water some∣what

warme, and hauinge mixed them well together, put them in the vessell where youre Sope is, mengling them well together, and let them stande a while, and than fill litle boxes with it at your pleasure.

A very excellent paste and swete, made with Muske, whiche eaten causeth a swete breath.

TAke Gomme dragant stieped and tempered in Rose water, vntill it be soft & white, make therof as it were paste, & take of it the bygnesse of a Hasel nut, bray it in a brasen morter, puttinge to it a little poulder of good Sugre, and halfe a graine of fine Muske, stieped and tempered in Rose water, mixe all well together.

And if you wil haue it better, put to it more Muske and Sugre, and than as muche Mace beaten in poulder as will lye vpon a pennye, and mixe it agayne well toge∣ther, than put to it a little of the meale or flower of Amy¦lum beaten into poulder: but it were better to putte in redde Sandal, wel broken in sonder, indifferently, and to put it in by litle and lytle, so muche that a man maye make of it conuenient paste, the whiche you shall cutte after your fantasye, and drye it in the shadowe. And yf you will haue it of diuers coloures, adde to it suche co∣loures well grounde as you please. Prouided that they be colours, wherein there is no poyson or daunger: you may also gylte or couer with syluer the sayde pieces, as men do confitures, and they wyll be verye good and of the best makinge.

Another very excellent.

TAke Gomme Arabike .v. vnces, fine Sugre .iiij. vnces. Amylum .iij. vnces, and for eche vnce of these foresayde thinges .x. graines of fine Musk whiche will mounte in the whole to a hundred and twenty graynes, and than it wyll be perfit.

Dentifrices or rubbers for the teeth of great perfection, for to make them cleane.

TAke poulder of redde Corall .iiii. vnces, of the shardes of Galleye pottes two vnces, of cuttle bone an vnce, of a Pumeyse stone an vnce, clo∣ues, Synamom, and Masticke of eche of them a dragme, Perles stamped halfe an vnce, Dragons bloud an vnce, fine Muske .iii. graynes, stampe wel the whole and syft it thorow a sarce, than mengle it well together and incorporate it with Gomme dragant tempered and stieped in Rose water, make all into dowe or paste, and make therof thinges to rubbe your teeth with, to make them white, wherwith you shall not onely make theim very fayre, but also preserue them from putrifaction.

Oyle of Bengewin odoriferous.

PVt a pounde of Bengewin well beaten in poulder, into some shorte and wyde vessell, so that you may put in your hand, than put to it two pounde of Rose water, and mixe all well together, and so couer it with a Limbecke or stillitory of glasse, well bounde with a lin∣nen cloth, and al the ioynctes and sides well stopt. Giue it at the firste a little fyre, vntill all the water be drawen out (and this is the water that we spake of before,) and afterwarde encrease your fyre by litle and litle, and thē you shal se the oyle come out, and incontinent set vnder another cleane recipiente to receiue the oyle, and make vnder it a great fyre, to the intent that all the oyle may come out, the whiche being all distilled, there wyl come furth a certayne Gomme, like vnto Manna, the whiche wyll be verye good to keepe. And whan you will make swete or odoriferous water, take a violle full of cleane well water, and put into it a lytle of the sayd Gomme, and it wyll make it smell swete, but you muste styrre it well. If you will haue it better, take Rose water, and not well water.

Oyle of Storax calamita.

TAke storax calamita as muche as you will, with such a quantitie of Rose water as pleaseth you, and put it in a large potte, not closinge the ioyntes or sydes, but let the Limbecke be a litle at one side, to the intente it maye take ayre, and alter not the fire, but kepe it accor∣dinge as you shall se shalbe nedeful. And whan the oyle commeth, chaunge the recipient, and than make a grea∣ter fyre, and receiue the oyle, and kepe it, for it is a sin∣guler and deynty thinge.

To make oyle of Labdanum.

TAke fine Labdanum, and mundifie it wel, and do with it as you did with the Bengewine: But if you will haue it otherwise, you maye take as muche as you will of it, and hauinge broken it in small pieces, putte it weete into a vessell of brasse, puttinge to it a pounde of Rose water, and halfe a pounde of the oyle of swete Almondes, couer well the vessell with his couer, and stoppe it with linnen clou∣tes plaistered ouer with claye or other matter, set∣tynge it so to drye: than afterwarde set it vpon a lyttle fyre that it may boyle fayer and softely two or thre hou∣res. This done, you shall take it from the fyre, and let it cole before you vncouer it, than take it quickely out, and put it in a vyole. And (to the ende to preserue it the better) put to it a lytle roche Alom burned, or elles a lytle Ambergryse. And when you wyll put it in the vy∣ole, you muste put it in as cleare as is possible.

Oyle of Nutmegges.

TAke what quantitie of Nutmegges you wyll, the whiche well broken into pieces in a morter, you shall putte it in a large or wyde vessell, powrynge vpon them a little Aqua vite, so that the Nutmegges maye be thoroughlye wette. Let them stande so two or thre dayes, in styrringe them sometyme, and turninge

them vpsyde downe, and see that the sayde vessell be well stopped, then adde to it as muche Rose water as will be aboue the Nutmegges, two or three fingers highe, and couer them with the Limbecke, closinge it well. Distill them at the firste with a small fyre, vntyll all the water be come out: than chaunge the recipient, and augment the fyre, so muche, till you cause the oyle to distille out, and whan you see that all is almost come furth, make your fire very great, and kepe the said oyle in a violle.

Another maner.

TAke a pounde of Nutmegges, the whiche beynge well broken in pieces, you must put in a new ves∣sell of earth well leaded within, than powre vpō them Malmesey, or some other wine, vntill they be all couered, and that the wine be aboue the Nuttes twoo fingers high: After this you shall put to it at the leaste two pounde of freshe butter, and mingle all together, stoppinge or coueringe well the vessell, and leaue it in the heate of the Sunne in some panne, or in some other hote place, by the space of four or fiue dayes, than boile it vpon the hote coles with a small fyre, vntyll the wine be consumed, than powre it thorowe a newe course lin∣nen cloth before it be coole. This done, set the oyle cer∣taine dayes in the Sunne, in a violle of glasse, vntyll the thicke substaunce be descended to the bottome: Fi∣nally powre it so agayne thorough a newe course lyn∣nen clothe, and putte it in another vyolle, and soe kepe it.

A very exquisyte sope, made of diuers thinges.

TAke Aluminis catini thre vnces, quicke lyme one part stronge lye that will beare an egge swimminge be∣twene two waters, thre pottels, a pot of commun oyle: mengle all well together, puttinge to it the white of an Egge well beaten, and a dysshefull of the meale or floure of Amylum, and an vnce of Romayne Vitrioll,

or redde leade well beaten into poulder, and mixe it continuallye for the space of three houres, then lette it stande, by the space of a daye, and it will bee righte and perfite. Finallye, take it oute, and cutte it in pieces: af∣ter sette it to drie twoo daies, in the wynde, but not in the sunne. Occupie alwaies of this sope, when you will washe youre head, for it is verie holsome, and maketh faier heare.

☞Sope with Cyuet.

TAke of the saied Sope as muche as you wyll, and set it a while in the Sunne in Rose water, putting to it the poulder of Cyuette, and mixinge it well. And if you adde to it also Muske, it will bee the better, so that the Muske haue been before steeped and tempered in rose water.

☞Sope with diuers sweete and excellent oyles.

TAke of the foresaied Sope, whiche hath stande a while in the Sunne in Rose wa∣ter, and put to it a lytle of the oyle of Ben∣gewine, or of some other odoriferous oyle, and mixe it well: but you muste putte in of the oyles reasonablie, neither to muche nor to lyttle, but with discretion, accordinge to the quantitie of the Sope.

☞Sope rosat.

TAke freshe and recent roses wel stamped, and in∣corporated them with the said Sope, as before, the whiche you maye also dode at youre pleasure of all other sortes of flowres.

☞VVhite Sope of a good sauour and odour.

HAuing cutte, after the maner of Damasco, in small pieces the oldest Sope that is possible to bee founde, you shall laye it abrode vpon a ta∣ble, in a place where it maye drie, than hauinge lefte it

there, the space of eyght and or .x. dayes, you must after warde stampe it lightlye or slenderlye, and make ther∣of poulder: and the same being sifted, you shal adde to it foure vnces of Ireos, vppon tenne pounde of the sayed poulder, white Sandall three vnces, two vnces of Ma∣caleb, an vnce of the meale or flowre of Amylum and all well beaten into poulder, you shall mixe it with tenne pounde of the poulder of the aforesaide Sope: then all beinge ioyned together, you shall putte it in a morter, with an vnce of Storax liquida and a walnut shelfull of the oyle of Spike, and hauinge well stamped it altoge∣ther, it shall bee made. Then afterwarde make balles or square ••akes of it, as you wyll, with the meale or flowre of Amylum: then drie in the shadowe, and keepe them, for it is a thinge verie excellent.

☞Perfect sope.

TAke syxe graynes of Muske tempered and stee∣ped in good Rose water, foure graines of Ciuet, reduced and beaten into poulder, and mingle them with the saied Sope, but the tempered or steeped Muske, muste bee hote, and by this meanes you shall haue a verie perfect Sope.

VVhole and massy blacke sope.

TAke tenne pounde of the saied poulder of Sope well sifted, cloues foure vnces, of good Mace twoo vnces, damaske Macaleb, Cyperus whiche the Apoticaries call Iuncus odoratus, Sandali Ci∣trini, Storax liquida, of eche of theym an vnce, sweete oyle as muche as shall suffise: and hauing stamped that whiche oughte to bee stamped, make of it as is aboue saied. But if you will haue it more singuler, putte to it Muske tempered in Rose water, as afore, with a lytle Ciuet, after incorporate well all together, and make thereof balles or square cakes, or hartes, or suche other formes, as you luste to muke youre selfe: then dry them in the shadowe: and so shall you finde them of a singu∣ler

good odour and sauour.

☞Damaske parfume.

TAke fyne Muske foure gaynes, Cyuet two gray∣nes, Ambergris, fine Sugre, of eche of them foure graynes, Bengewine a grayne, of fatte Storax ca∣lamita three graines, lignum Aloes twoo graines: beate them well into poulder, and putte all together in a litle parfuminge panne, powre into it as muche Rose wa∣ter, or the water of the flowres of Orenges, Citrons, and Lemons, all together, as will bee twoo fingers highe aboue the other drooges, in makinge vnder it a small fier that it maye not boyle, and when the water is consumed, you shall powre in other: and hauing con∣tinued thus doinge a certaine number of daies, you shall haue an excellent Sope.

☞Another parfume of Damaske.

TAke Storax calamita, foure vnces, Bengewyne foure vnces, Labdanum lignum Aloes Synamon, of eche of theym an vnce, Sperma Ceti, a dragme, Muske foure scrupules, cloues, a dragme, Rose water eyght vnces, stampe them, and putte them in the par∣fuming panne.

☞An excellent pomander.

TAke .xvi. or .xx. Pepins, or other swete & melow apples, y^• which be∣inge pared and cut in quarters, you shall adde to euerye quarter fowre or sixe Cloues, then put them in some vessell of earthe well leaded within, with as muche Rose water, as wyll couer them ouer. Then couer them with a trenchour, or some other cleane thinge lettinge them so stande one whole daye. And after powre them all in some newe vessell well leaded, putting to it foure pounde of freshe hogges suet, well taken from the fleshe and skynne cut

verie small, and well chopped with a knife: make vr∣der it a small fier that it burne not, than in straining it out, you shall make it droppe into some vessell of freshe and cleare water, and so purifie the grease thre or foure daies, keping it in the same vessell, and chaunginge of∣ten times a daye the saied water: for the oftener you chaunge it, the better you shall purge the grease.

Than take out the saied seyme, the apples and the rose water together, and take the fatte oute of the vessell, dreaninge it well, and adding to it Spikenarde, with twoo vnces of Cloues, an vnce of Synamom, a quar∣ter of sandalum citrinum, an vnce of Bengewyne, and as muche of storax calamita. Braye all these kindes toge∣ther, and put it in a fine linnen clothe, in maner of litle purses: but let the cloth bee some what large, and binde it wel that the sayd kinds scatter not abrode among the grease. Then make it boyle with a litle fier, far of from the flame or leyt, or set before it some tyle or bricke let∣ting it boyle so faire and softlye, foure or sixe houres, vntill all the rose water bee vanished awaye, whiche may be proued in this maner. Put a lytle sticke downe to the bottom of the vessell, and plucke it oute agayne quickelye, and put it in the fier: and if it burne without anye noyse, it is a token that there is no moore water: but tarte vntyll it bee all well consumed, sturringe it sometime, to the entent it burne not to, or smell of the burning. Beware also of the smoke, for if it take once y^• sauour of it, you can neuer get it out, & when all is wel sodden, take eyghte vnces of white Waxe, and put it in the saied vessell, mixinge all together, and let it so melt with the saied substaunces, the whiche you must nowe and then sturre. This dooen take it from the fier, let∣ting it stande and rest a quarter of an houre, that is to saie: vntill the grosse substaunce bee descended to the bottome: then powre it faier and softlye thorowe twoo newe course linnen clothes, into a vessell well leaded within, wherein muste bee twoo dishefull of Rose wa∣ter: but take heere of pressinge it, so that the lees come

not oute into the same vessell (but into another) for it woulde be somewhat red. Let it so coole vntill the next morninge, and whan it is solide, harde, and massy, de∣nide it into foure partes, and put it into a round vessell leaded, styrringe it well with a pestle, addinge to it by lytle and litle good and fyne Muskte rose water, and so styrre it vntyll it be well incorporated. Nowe, if in case you se that it doth not well incorporate together, set it a lytle vpon the fyre, and whan it is hote, powre, rose wa∣ter vpon it, sturringe it well about, vntill it waxe verye fine and thinne, but take good hede to the fyre. And so kepe it in newe and cleane vessels.

Another Pomaunder.

TAke Pippins or other like melowe Apples, and laye them vpon a tyle for to bake in an Ouen, thē take out the core and the kernels, and make them cleane within, brayenge and breakinge the reste, and straine it thorough a fyne canuesse or straynour. This done, take as much fat or grease of a kidde as you haue Apples, and straine it likewise, boylinge it all together in a newe vessell well leaded, vntill the rose water be consumed: than adde to it Muske, Cloues, Nutmegges and such like substaunces of a reasonable quantitie, ac∣cording to your discretion: prouided alwayes that they be well brayed and broken in pieces, as is aboue saied, and boyle them in the like maner aforesaied, then strain them and kepe them.

Another Pomaunder.

TAke fresh barowes grease & put it in a new ves∣sel, with rose water vnderneth, & whiles it mel∣teth in the same, you shal take out that which is melted, to thend it smell not of the fyre, than put it in cold water the space of .x. daies, raising, and lifting it vp euery day .ix. or .x. times, & styrring it at eche time chaunginge alwayes the water. Than take of the saied Apples, & purifie them cleane of their kernels, cuttinge

them in quarters not pared: this doen, laye them three daies to stiepe in Muskt rose water: take also fiftene Cloues stieped a daye in colde water often tymes rene∣wed, and putting them after in a fine linnen cloth, boi∣linge them in rose water with a small fire, the space of an houre: than hauinge well scommed away all the or∣dure and filthe, put in thre vnces of white Waxe, and make it seeth a little, and after straine it into a newe vessell well leaded, leauing it so all a night. This done, you shal take out al the white Pomaunder, and because there wil remaine a litle ordure in the bottom, you shal put it in morter with rose water, & styrre it: the more you do seuer it a sonder in styrringe it, and put rose wa∣ter to it, the more shall you fine it: but you must se that the morter be cleane. Than take the tallowe or greace of a younge barrowe, and stiepe it in colde water, lea∣uinge it so the space of foure daies, but you muste often chaunge the water, and purifie the saied greace well of all the little skinnes that is in it, veynes, and gristels.

Take likewise twenty of the foresaied Apples, and for eche Apple put in thre or foure Cloues, and hauing de∣uided the Apples in four quarters cores and all, stampe them a lytle. Than take the sayd tallowe or greace and put it in fine rose water, vntyll the sayde water be con∣sumed, and after you haue boiled it fayre and softly, put in the saied Apples stamped, and make them boile, ad∣ding to it a litle fine Synamom, Spiknard, Nutmegs, and other spices, such as you thinke good. And whan it hath boiled inough, straine it thorow a linen cloth, into some cleane vessell. It shuld be wel done to put to it a li∣tle calues tallow wel purified in the maner aforesaied. And whan it is sodden and strained, mixe all togethers and put it in a cleane vessel, it is a very exquisite thing.

Excellent Ipocras.

TAke an vnce of Synamom, of Ginger .ii. dragms Melligetta thre dragmes, Cloues two deniers, Nutmegges, Galanga, of eche of them a denier,

stampe all, and put it in a ielley bagge or strainer, than take a pint of the best redde or white wine you can get, or a pint of good Malmesey or other stronge wine, mixe well all togethers, than take a pounde of Sugre fined, and hauinge stamped it, put it into the other wyne, and so poure it vpon the strainoure, wherin you dyd put the sayd wine with the spices, than hauinge taken it oute, you muste poure it on agayne, so often vntyll it become as cleare as it was before, styrringe it sometime in the strayner or bagge: and here note that this is to make but a flagon full. Wherefore, if you will haue more, you muste take a greater quantitie of the sayd thinges. And for to make it verye excellente, you maye bynde a lyttle Muske in a fine linnen clothe at the ende of the strayner, so that all the substaunce maye passe ouer and vpon it, the which by that meane wil receiue the odour and sent of the sayde Muske.

☞To make litle cusshins of parfumed Roses.

TAke buddes of redde Roses, their heades and toppes cut awaye, drie theim in the shadowe v∣pon a table, or a linnen cloth: water & sprinkle the said buddes with Rose water, and let theim drie, doing this fiue or sixe times, turning them alwais to thende they waxe not vinewed or mouldy: than take the poulder of Cipre, Muske and Amber made into poulder, accordinge as you would make them excellent, for the more you put in of it, the better they shall be: put to it also Lignum Aloes, well beaten in poulder. Let the said poulder be put with the buddes wete w^t rose water Muskt, mixing wel the buddes together with the poul∣der, to thend that al may be well incorporated, & so shall you leaue them so al a night, couering them w^t some lin¦nen cloth or Taffeta, that the Muske may not breath or rise out. The whiche thinge done, take finallye lyttle bagges of Taffeta, of what bignesse you wil, and accor¦ding to the quantitie of the buddes that you would put

amonge all the poulder. Than close vp the bagges, and for to stoppe vp the seames, you must haue your mixti∣on of Muske, Amber, and Ciuette, made as it were to ceare with, wherewith you shall rubbe all a longe the seames, to stoppe the holes made with the needle in so∣wynge: You maye also sowe some ribande (of golde, or sylke, or of what you will) ouer the saied seames. These be the best that a man can make: and (as I haue sayed) the more Musk, Amber, Ciuet, and Aloe you put in, the better they will be. If you will make theim with lesse coste, take suche buddes as are spoken of before, prepa∣red and ordered in the same sort, and in steede of Muske and Amber, put in the poulder of Cloues, Synamom, Irios, and a litle Mace, obseruinge suche a maner of par∣fuminge the buddes, as before.

Matches or litle lightes of a very good odour.

TAke of Campher an vnce, of white encens twoo vnces, beate them into poulder, and make thereof litle rounde Apples, or balles with a litle waxe, than put them in a vessell with rose water, and lyghte them with a candell, and they wyll geue a fayre lyghte, and a very good sauour.

A composition of Muske, Ciuet, and Ambergrise.

TAke a dragme and a half of good Amber, and bray it vppon a Porphyre stone with oyle of Iasemin, fyrst alone, and than a litle with Muske, as much as shall suffise. This doen, adde to it Damaske roses, and Bengewin, of ethe of them an vnce, Irios a dragme and a halfe: All these thinges beaten in poulder, and strayned or syfted, you shall braye with a dragme of Ci∣uette, vntil they be brought into the fourme and maner of an oynctment. This done, kepe it in a Horne, or ves∣sell of glasse well closed.

☞A parfume for a Chaumber very excel∣lent.

TAke Storax Calamita, Bengewine, Ligni Aloes, of eche of them an vnce, coales of Willow well bea∣ten into poulder .v. vnces. These thinges mixed with Aquauite, as much as will suffise to make paste, make therof litle cakes, or other formes what you wil, and so kepe them. And whan you will vse or occupie of it, put it into the fire, for in consumyng, litle and litle, it will make a singuler good odour in the place where you burne it.

Sope of Naples.

TAke Deares grease, or the Tallow of a Cowe, or yonge Calfe, or of a Kidde a pounde, put it in a ves∣sell of earth well leaded: and after you haue well stray∣ned it, put vpon it, with discretion to much nor to litle, of Sope makers lie, the first, best, and strongest of three sortes that they vse, called the maister lie, and kepe the saied grease in the heate of the Sunne, mi••ynge it well there, and like wise in the night abrode in the ayer: but take hede that there come no water to it. Whan you se that it is somewhat drie, put to it againe as muche as shall neede of the seconde and thirde lie, mixed together which Sope makers vse: Rubbe a litle vpon your hand beyng cleane, and if it make a frothe, it is a token it is made.

Parfume for a Lampe.

TAke Ligni Aloes a quarter, Begewine an vnce, Storax calamita half an vnce, Muske a scruple, Am∣bergreese halfe a scruple, Rose water inoughe. You shall putte all these thynges well beaten to poul∣der into the Lampe.

A shorte parfume.

TAke a glassefull of Rose water, Clones well bea∣ten in poulder, a penny weight: than take the fire panne, and make it redde hote in the fire, and put theron of the saied Rose water with thesayd poulder of

Cloues, making it so confume, by litle and litle, but the rose water must bee muskt, and so you shal make a par∣fume of excellent good odour.

☞An odoriferous parfume for chambers.

TAke Thymiama a pounde, Storax liquida twoo vnces, Storax calamita three vnces, Labdanum an vnce, coa∣les of Willowe and Tracagantum asmuche as you wyll: but stiepe or temper the poulder of the coales, and the Tracagantum with rose water, and let it lie so three daies a stiepe in the same water, and then make therof paste.

☞A verie good parfume for to trimme gloues wyth litle cost, and yet will continue longe.

FIrst let the gloues bec greate, and of good thicke leather, to the which you shall gyue a little Ciuet all alonge the seames: Than washe them in rose water, twise or thryse, pressing theym harde: this doen, take twoo partes of rose water, one parte of the water of the blos∣soms of Mirtell tree, mingle them together: addinge to it two partes of the water of the flowres of Orenges, Lemons, & Citrons, called of the Frēchmen, can de nafe, and washe them so long therwith, that they sauour no moore of the leather: then laye theym in a platter, and leaue them there couered with the saied water, & poul∣dered ouer with the poulder of Cypres, by the space of a day or twaine. This dooen, take them out, and presse them a litle, and so drie them in the shadowe. When they bee half drie, geue them a litle Ciuet in this wise: put asmuche Ciuet as you shall thinke good in a dishe, with a litle oyle of Iasemyne, that is not olde, the whi∣che you shall make to dissolue before the fier: than an∣noynt therewith the gloues within side, and rub them wel betwene your handes chafing them at the fier, vn∣til you thinke that the ciuet be perced and gone thorow them, and leaue them so a while. Then after rub them wel with a clothe, to the ende the Ciuet maye perce the

better, and the gloues waxe soft: then draw and stretch them out abrode, leauing them so the space of a dai, and when you shall thinke they be humyde and moyste, en∣large them, and blowe them, and puffe them vp: leaue them so vntil thei bee halfe dried. Than take good par∣fume to burne, & holde them ouer the smoke of the saied parfume, to the eude that it maye perce and go into the inner partes of the gloues. and parfume them within side. This shall you dooe thrise a daye, the space of .xx. daies, weating them at eche time with a litle parfumed water, & wrappinge them with some white linen cloth: than take Muske, and Amber as much as you wyl, and put it in a tinne platter, with oyle of Iasemine, or Ben∣gewine, or some other oyle: let them well dissolue at the fier, with a litle perfumed water, than annoynte them with a pensell on the out side, and not within: annoynt also the seames with Ciuet, and lay them certein daies among dried roses. Finally, lay them for the space of .iij. or .iiij. daies betwene two matresses: than wil they bee excellent, as if it were to present an emperour withall.

☞A verye exquisite Ciuet to parfume gloues, and to annoynt a mans handes with.

TAke three pounde of white wine, the tallowe or grease of a Gote, shepe, or Kidde, a pound: boyle all together with a small fier vpon the embres or coales, in a couered panne, than take them from the fier, and when it is coole againe, putte them in a platter with cleare water, and washe them well fiue or sixe tymes: and put them againe in cleare water all a night. This dooen, take a pounde of rose water: twoo pound of white wine: & with this boile the grease vpon the coales with a smal fier, vntil one half be consumed: than take swete Nauewes, & rost them vnder the ashes, but burne them not. And for eche pound of grease, take halfe a pound of the inner white of the saied Nauewes, and boyle it in rose water, the space of halfe an houre,

than strayne it, and put it into a morter with oyle of Ia¦semin, or of Citrons or such like, or els with a litle Cā∣pher: After this you shall take a dishe or the bottome or foote of a glasse, wet within with Rosewater, wherin you shall make the forme and facion of the Ciuette, ad∣dyng to it first of all three vnces of Ceruse, well beaten in poulder for euery pounde of tallow or grease, and it will be an excellent and princely thing.

Oyle of Roses and floures, very parfit.

TAke the seede of Millons well mundified and stā∣ped, and laye them by rankes or by beddes, with the flowres of Roses, by the space of .viii. daies, then take a litle linnen bagge wette in Rose water, or in the water of other flowres, in the whiche bagge you shall put the seede: and hauyng well bounde it, put it in a pressour, and presse oute the oyle, whiche will be very precious, and the which you must kepe alwaies close.

Oyle of Cloues very noble.

TAke Almondes mondified and made cleane with a knife, and broken in pieces, stiepe or temper theym in Rose water, than dresse them in this maner. Take Cloues stamped, and temper or lay theim in Rose wa∣ter, & couer the vessell diligently, leauyng them so vntil the water haue taken the vertue of the Cloues: put al∣so the Almondes in the said water, and leaue them ther vntil they be swollen w^t the water. And after you haue taken them out and dried them in the Sunne, lay them in the water againe to swell, and afterwarde let theim drie well as before, continuyng thus .v. or .vi. times: Then put them in a presse, and presse out the oyle, whi∣che you shall kepe in a cleane vessell well stopped, In this maner may you make oyle of Muske, of Amber, of Bengewin, of Storax calimita, of Aloe, of Synamom, of Mace, and of Nutmegges. You may make them also in diuers sortes, and put to them Aqua vite.

☞To make an excellent parfume to parfume Chambers, garmentes, Coue••lettes, Sheetes, and al other thinges, be∣longinge to any Prince.

TAke pilles of Citrons dried in the shadowe, and if you can not get of Cytrons, take of Lemons, or Orēges, or if you can get none of these, take the leaues of Roses eyther greene or dryed, ac∣cordinge to the season of the yeare: and whatsoeuer is of al these thinges abouesaid, you must occupy it whole or by small pieces, and not in poulder. And whan you will make the parfume, take of the sayd pieces as much or as many as you wyll, and annoyncte them well with Ciuette on euery side: after laye them vpon some coles in the middes of the Chamber, or some corner, as you lyfte, this will geue a verye pleasaunte and precious o∣doure thoroughoute all the Chamber. If you will yet make it better, you may put with the Ciuette, Muske, and Ambergrise, as muche as you will: and if you de∣sire to make it with lesse coste, and yet neuerthelesse ve∣ry good, take Rose water of the flowres of Orenges, or suche other odoriferous and swete water, with Oyle of Iasemin, or of Cloues, or suche lyke at your pleasure, with the whiche you shall temper and stiepe Storax cala∣mita, and a little Lignum Aloes, yf you haue anye, if not, you shall do well inough without it: adde to it as much Ciuette as you will, and make a licoure therof as thick as sau••ce, wherewith you shall annoynte the Citron or Orenge pilles: than laye theim so vpon the coles, and it will be an excellente thinge, and continue twise as longe as it woulde do, if you burned the odours with∣out the pilles, and besides that it maketh the parfume to dure longer, they make also the composition farre bet∣ter and perfecter. If with the sayde parfume you would parfume lynnen clothes, Sheetes, or other like thin∣ges, make it in this maner. Put the lynen, and thinges that you wyll haue parfumed, in a cofer, that hath no chinckes, cliftes, chappes, crestes, holes, or is broken,

wherby the smoke may haue issue out. You must range and laye your linnen and other thinges on eche syde of the cofer, leauinge a place in the myddle to sette a lyttle panne, or other vessell with fyre in it, and the said pilles to parfume theym, you maye also laye clothes vpon the ly••de of the cofer. This done, you must set in the middle the lyttle vessell with coales, and a••so the pilles: and hauinge shutte the cofer, you muste let all the parfume burne out, not openinge the cofer of longe tyme after. And hauinge thus tar••ed, open the cofer, and tourne youre linnen and other thinges, to the ende to parfume them on the other side that is not parfumed, and put in newe parfume, doinge as before, you shall finde this of a greate excellencie, so that the cofer it selfe shall be so well parfumed with it, that all that you putte after∣warde in it, shall sauoure of it. And if you will, you maye also parfume in the sayde cofer other lytle coffers for handkerchers, and other thinges, as lyttle cusshy••s, and bagges of Roses, whiche are parfumed also with oute syde, beynge kepte in the cofers, for they geue al∣wayes an odoure and sauoure to thinges that you put in them.

☞Rounde apples or balles to take ou•• spottes of oyle 〈◊〉〈◊〉 grease.

TAke purgine Sope, or soft Sope, and incorporate it with the asshes of vines finelie sifted, as much of the one as of the other, than put amonge the saied▪ poulder Roche Alome burned, and the drye leese of ••yne well beaten into poulder, incorporate well all together, and make therof lyttle round Apples or balles: whiche you maye vse to take oute spottes of any garmente.

☞To make a paste for sweete ••eades or Beadestones.

TAke a pounde and a halfe of blacke earth well beaten into poulder, foure vnces of Gomme dragant, and laye it a stiepe, or temper it in a morter, with as muche Rose water as wil couer the earth with the saied Gomme dragant, and stampe it well by the space of halfe an houre, with these sweete thinges folowinge. That is to saye: Storax calamita, an vnce, poulder of Cloues halfe an vnce, Labdanum, halfe an vnce, Synamom halfe an vnce, Sandalum Citrinum, halfe an vnce: beate all into poulder verye finelye, and mixe all together with the foresaied paste, than take it oute of the morter, and braye it wel betwene your han∣des, by the space of halfe an houre. And than you maye make thereof Beades or Beadestones.

☞The ende of the seconde booke.

THE Secretes of the reuerende Master Alexis of Piemount.

THE THIRD BOKE.

A goodlie secrete for to condite or confyte Orenges, Citrons, and all other fruytes in syrop, whiche is a notable thinge.

TAke Cytrons, or other fruites, and cut them in pieces as you wil, taking out of them the iuyce or substaunce that is within them: than boyle them in freshe water aboute halfe an houre, vntil they be tender, and as soft as you wuld haue them. And whan you haue taken thē out, cast them in cold water, leuing them so vntil night. After this you shall set them againe to the fire in other fresh water, and do but onely heat it in that water with a small fyre, for it must not seeth, nor be to hote: but let it onely simper a litle, you shal continue thus .viij. daies together, heatinge them euerye day in hote water, and puttinge them agayne at nighte in colde water. Some heat the water but once a day, to thend not to make the citrons to tender, but chaunge the fresh water at night to take out al the bitternes of the pilles, the whiche be∣inge taken away, you must take sugre, or clarified hony and prepared (as we wil declare afterward) wherin you must put the citrons, hauing first well dried them from the water. In winter you must kepe them from y^• frost, leauing them two or thre houres in a place mete for the purpose: and in Somer you shal leaue them there all a night, and a day, and a night in honye. Than boyle the hony or sugre againe by it self, without the Orenges or Citrons, by the space of halfe an houre or somewhat lesse, with a small fyre, and beinge cooled, set it agayne to the fire with y^e Citrons, continuing so .ij. morninges

to the ende to bring the honny to hys perfection, accor∣ding as neede shall requier. If you will putte honnye in the water, and not Sugre, you may clarifie it twise, and straine it thorowe a stramer, according to the arte and maner, that hereafter I will teche you, to the ende you may haue perfitelye the vse and facion of makinge all suche thinges. Nowe, hauinge thus warmed and clarified it, you shall strayne it, and set it againe on the fier, with the Citrons onely, makinge it to boyle with a smal fier, the space of a quarter of an houre: than take it from the fier, and let it stande and rest, at euery time you dooe it, a daye and a night. The next morning you shal boyle it againe together, the space of half an houre, and dooe so twoo morninges, to the ende that the Hon∣nie or Sugre maye well and perfitlye bee incorpora∣ted with the Cytrons. All the arte and conninge consi∣steth in boylinge this cyroppe together with the Cy∣trons, and also the cyrope by it selfe. Wherefore he that hath no skyll in the boyling of it, will quickelye lette it take the smoke, so that it shall sauour of the fier: but he that can trimme it wel, it is an exquisite and pleasaunt thing. In this maner maye al other fruites bee dressed: as ripe Peaches with the in side and skinne, Lemons, Orenges, Appeles, greene Walnuttes, Lettuse, well made cleane, and voyded of their greate leanes, and o∣ther thinges like, all the whiche you muste boyle, as is aforesayed: but some more some lesse, after as nede shal bee, and according to the nature of the fruite. So shall you make alwaies a good perfite, and durable thinge.

☞The maner howe to purifie and prepare honnye and sugre for to confite Cytrons and all other fruites.

TAke euery time tenne pounde of Hony, the white of twelue newe layed egges, and take awaye the froth of them, beating them well together with a sticke, and sixe glasses of faier and freshe water: then put them in∣to the Honnye, and boyle them in a potte with a mode∣rate fier, the space of a quarter of an houre, or somwhat

lesse, than take theim faire and sofetlye frome the fier, scumming them well, and passe them so hote thorowe a strainer: for it shall be the fairer, and the clearer, for any thing that you wyll occupie or vse it aboute. Hauinge thus ordered it, take for sixe pounde of Cytrons, twelue pounde of Honnie. The Sugre is also ordered and dres∣sed in like sorte as the Honny is: but if you will con••ite Citrons with Sugre, you muste note this difference, that for syxe pounde of Cytrons, you shall putte but .ix. of Sugre, for to confite theym, so that they maye bee kepte all the yeare. This is, because the honny maketh a greate deale moore skumme and froth, then the sugre dooeth, and therefore you muste putte the thyrde parte moore of Honnie. In keeping this proportion, you can not faile to dooe it well.

☞To confite Peches after the Spanyshe facion.

TAke greate and fayre Peches, whiche you shall pill and make cleane, and cutte theym in pieces, and so laye theym abrode vppon a table faire and cleane in the Sunne by the space of two dayes, tourning theym euer at nighte, and in the morninge, and put theim hote in∣to a Iuleppe of Sugre, well sodden and prepared as is aforesaied. And after you haue taken them out, sette them agayne in the Sunne, tourninge them often vn∣till they bee well dried. This dooen put theym agayne into the Iulep, and then in the Sunne, vntill they haue gotten a faire barke or cruste, as you wyll haue theym, and this shall you dooe three or foure times: then being thus prepared, you maye keepe theym in boxes for win∣ter, for it is a soueraygne thinge.

☞To make Conserue or Confiture of Quinces, called in Latyne Cotoneatum, Cydoniatum or Cydonites, as they dooe in Valence, whiche also the Geneuoyes dooe vse.

TAke Quinces, and purifie them, and when you haue taken oute the kernelles, seeth theym in faire & fresh

water, so much, vntil they open and break, then straine them through a cleane strainer, that there remayn no∣thinge in the saied strainer, but onelye the hardnesse of them, that is to saie: the skinne the kore and suche lyke. For eyght pounde of the saied strained substaunce, you muste putte three pounde of faier and fine Sugre: and taking a vessell of tinne faire and large in the bottome, you shall myngle the Quinces with the Sugre: and then sette theym to boyle with a litle fyre, sturrynge theym with a broade sklyse of woode, vntill all be well sodden, whiche if you wyll knowe, loke when all shall leuse it selfe, and cleaue no more to the saied vessell, for then it is sodden to his perfection, and shall bee time to take it of. And if you put to it anye Muske, stampe it with a litle Sugre, as much as you wyll, & cast it into the saied vessel, sturring it alwaies with your sklyse of woode. If you wyll adde spices to it, put in Synamom, Cloues, Nutmegges, and Ginger, as muche as you wyll, boylinge the Muske with a little Vinagre. Thys dooen, with the broade sklyse laye of this confection of Quinces vpon a table, where fyrste you muste haue sif∣ted and strowed Sugre, and so make rounde, broade or long pieces, as you wil w^t the circle of a bore, of what greatnesse you lyste: then set theym in the Sunne vntil they bee thorowe drie. And whan they haue stande a while, tourne theym vp side downe: making them al∣waies a bedde of lifted Sugre bothe vnder and aboue. Then tourne theym still in the saied Sugre, and drye theym in the Sunne, so longe vntill they haue gotten a faire white crust of Sugre. Better comfites of Quyn∣ces, sweeter, or hartier than this, a man can not make. In like maner maye you dresse and trymme Peches, Peares, and other kyndes of fruites: A thing of greate singularitie.

☞To make a paste of sugre, whereof a man maye make all maner of fruites, and other fyne thynges, with theyr forme, as platters, dishes, glasses, cuppes, and such like thinges, wherwith you may furnish a ta∣ble: and when you haue doen, eate them vp. A pleasant thing for them that sit at the table.

TAke gomme dragant, as muche as you will, and stiepe it in Rose water, vntill it be molified. And for foure vnces of Sugre, take of it the bignes of a Beane, the iuyce of Lemons a walnut shell full, and a litle of the white of an egge: but you must firste take the gomme, and beate it so much with a pestel in a mor∣ter of white marble, or of brasse vntill it become like water, then putte to it the iuyce with the white of the egge, incorporating wel al together. This dooen, take iiii. vnces of fine white sugre, well beaten to poulder, and cast it into the morter by litle and litle, vntil all bee turned into the forme of paste. Than take it oute of the laied morter, and bray it vpon the poulder of sugre, as it were meale or flowre, vntill all bee like soft paste, to the ende you may turne it and facion it which way you wil. Whan you haue brought your paste to this forme, spreade it abrode with Sinamom, vpon greate or small leaues, as you shal thinke it good: and so shal you forme and make what things you wil, as is aforesaied. With suche fine knackes as maye serue a table, taking heede that there stand no hote thing nigh vnto it. At the ende of the banket they may eate al, and breake the platters, dishes, glasses, cuppes, and all thinges: for this paste is verie delicate and saueurous. If you will make a thing of moore finesse than this, make a tarte of Almondes stamped with sugre, and rose water, of like sorte that march paines be made of. This shall you laye betwene twoo pastes of suche vesselles or fruites, or some other thing as you thinke good.

☞To make a confection of Melons or Pompones.

TAke what quantitie of Melons you wil, and take them before they be ful ripe, but let them be good, & make as many cuttes in thē as they bee marked

with quarters on euery side, & hauing mondified them, taken oute their kernelles, and pilled of the vtter rine, stiepe them in good vinaigre, leauinge theim so by the space of ten dayes: and whan you haue taken them out, take other Vinagre, and stiepe them a newe againe, other ten dayes, remouinge and styrringe theim euerye daye: than whan time shall be, take them oute, and put them in a course linnen cloth, driyng and wiping them well. Finally set them in the ayer the space of a day and a night, than boile them in hony, and by the space of ten daies geue them euery daie a little bubbling or boilinge, leauing them alwaies in the hony: and let them boile at eche time onelye but one wawme. Then take the saide pieces, & put them in what kind of vessell you will, and take these spices folowinge, the poulder of Cloues, of ginger, of Nutmegs, & of Sinamom, whereof you shall make spices, this done, make one bedde or ranke of the pieces of melons, & another of the spices: than take fine white hony, and poure it vpon them in the saide vessell.

☞To make Melons and Pompones sweete and verye delicate.

TAke fine sugre, and dissolue it in water, than take the seedes of a Melon, and cleaue them a litle on the syde, that sticketh to the melon, and put them in the su∣gred water, addinge to them a lyttle Rose water, leaue the sayde seedes so by the space of thre or foure houres, and then take them out, and you shall see that as soone as the sayde seede is drye, it will close vp agayne. Plant it, and there will come of it suche Melons as the lyke hath not bene seene. And if you will geue them the sa∣uoure of Muske, put in the sayde water a lyttle Muske, and fine Synamom. And this may you do also with the seedes of Pompones and Coucombers.

To confyte orenge pilles, whiche may be done at all times of the yeare, and chiefly in Maye, because than the sayd pilles be greater and thicker.

TAke thicke Orenge pilles cut in foure or .vi. pie∣ces, and sti ep them in water the space of ten or .xii dayes. You maie knowe whan they be stieped y∣nough, if you hold them vp in the sunne and se thorow them, for than they be stieped inough: and if you cannot see thorowe them, let them yet stiepe vntill you maye: than afterward lay them to drie vpon a table, and than betwene two drie linen clothes. Moreouer put them in a kettle, or vessell leaded, adding to it as muche hony as wil halfe couer the saied pilles, more or lesse as you shal thinke good. Boile them a little, styrring them always and than take them from the fire, leaste the honye seeth to muche, for if it shoulde boile but a litle more then it ought to boile, it woulde be thicke and massife. Let it than stande & rest foure dayes in the said hony, stirringe and mengling well euery daye the saide Orenges and hony together. For, because there is not hony inoughe to couer ouer al the orenge pilles, you must styrre them wel & oftentimes, to thende they may al equally receiue of the honnye. This shall you do three times, geuinge them one bublinge or boilinge at eche time, and so let them rest and stand .iii. daies as we haue saied. Finally you shall straine or dreane them from the sayde honye, and boile theim in as muche other honnye as you shall thinke will suffice, and after you haue let theim boyle the space of a Credo, take them from the fire, and bestow them in vessels, putting to them of the beste spices you can finde, as Ginger, Cloues, and Sinamom: mixe all well together, and you shall haue made an excellente thinge. And note, that the hony that shall remayne, wil be still good for to dresse and trimme other Orenges, or other thinges withall.

To confyte walnuttes.

FIrste take Walnuttes whan they be litle & greene, with the pille or huske and al, and make in them .iiii litle holes, or mo, than stiep them in water .xi. dayes, or more or lesse: make them cleane and boile theim in

hony, as the foresayde Orenges, but make them seeth foure times as muche. And note that the honye is al∣wayes good, but you must oftentimes put in freshe, be∣cause it consumeth. Finally you shall dresse them with spices, as the Orenges, but putte not manye cloues to them for they will make them to bytter.

To confyte Gourdes.

TAke the necke of the Gourde and cut it in longe pieces, as you thinke good, and powre vpon thē boiling water, and do so .xi. morninges, but you must haue pilled them finely; and taken awaye the inner part that serueth for nothinge. This doone, seeth them in a kettle vntill they be neither to much nor to litle boyled, but euen hole and massiue not broken: than drie them vpon a table in the shadowe the space of two dayes, and after wipe them cleane piece by piece, with a linen cloth, & do with them as with the Orēges.

To confite cheries.

TAke cherries and leaue them a day in the sunne than take out the stones, and sette theim in the sunne agayne thre dayes: after this seeth theim as we haue sayde of the Orenges: but you must leaue them in hony .xv. dayes, and by the fyre .iii. dayes, so that they may onely be kepte warme, to thende they sauoure not of burninge, or of the fire. And after you haue well mixed and incorporated all, you shall putte them in hony with spices. Al these confitures may dure many yeares, so that you refreshe them with other ho∣ny boyled a litle, whan they be diminished.

❀To make litle morsels as they vse in Naples, an exquisite thinge, for they be very sauorous, do comforte the stomacke, and make a swete breath.

TAke thre pound of fine sugre, y^e flower of meale .vi. pound, of Sinamom thre vnces, Nutmegs, ginger, pepper, of eche of them balfe an vnce, but let the quan∣titie

of the pepper be greater than of the residue, rawe white honny, not clarified, three vnces. Firste make a round cycle with the saide flowre, in the middle wher∣of, you shal put the Sugre, and vpō it a pound of Muskt Rose water, bray and breake well all these things with your handes, so longe, vntill you feele no more Sugre. This done, you shall put in the saide spices, and than the hony, mixinge well all together with your hande. After this mengle it againe amonge the flowre, & kepe some of it to flower the tile or other thinges that you must bake it vpon. And whan all is well broughte and made into past, you shall cut the litle morsels in sunder with youre handes, making eche of them three vnces weight, or there aboute, than turne and make them in to the fourme of a fyshe, dressinge them with youre in∣strument meete for the same purpose. Than heate your ouen and laye them vpon litle tiles of copper or earth, makinge first vpon the tiles a good thicke bed of floure, you must bake them the mouth of the ouē open, keping euermore a fire at one of the sides of the mouth of the ouen, ye must also touche them often times, to se if they be baked ynoughe, and whither they hange sure, and holde together betwene youre fingers: You maye also bake them in the fire in ouens of copper couered, suche as tartes be made in, then when you haue taken theim out you must gilt them.

☞The ende of the thirde booke.

THE Secretes of the reuerende Master Alexis of Piemount.

THE FOVRTH BOKE.

☞An odoriferous and precious water, wherwith a man may weate or bath anye linnen clothe, to wype or rubbe his face, which wil make the flesh white and wel colou∣red: and the more a man rubbeth his face with it the fairer it is, and also continueth .vi. monethes: 〈◊〉〈◊〉 thing ex∣perimented and proued yea, and it for a quene.

TAke a pounde of roche Alome, wasshed and burned, Malmesey twoo glasses full, paste of Borax .vi. vnces, white Gomme dragant a pounde, Gomme arabicke thre vnces, stiep al in the Malmsey, by the space of twoo naturall dayes, myngle it with twoo pottes of Goates milke, and stoppe it well that it take no vente: than take nine vnces of Sublimatū, and set it to burne or calcine in an vnyelded potte, well closed vp in a fur∣nayse, and twoo pounde of Ceruse of Alexandria, pre∣pared in this maner. Lappe it vp with the white of an egge, in some lynnen clothe, and boyle it in sweete lye, vntill the thirde part be deminished: than mixe all these thinges well together. This dooen, take twoo pounde of rawe white Honny, thre pound of Terebentyne of Alexandria, three glasses of stilled vinagre, Ginger stam∣ped .vi. vnces: boyle all with the saied vinagre, vntyil there be but two glassesfull left. Than take .iii. vnces of fine Mirre elect, & put it vpon the said thinges: after this take twoo vnces of litarge or white leade of siluer wel beaten into poulder, and boile it in .iii. glasses full of good vergeous or whyte wyne, vntyll the thyrde

part be diminished: than with a litle cane, rede, or stick, mixe or sturre well all the saied thinges together, in some vessell, the space of .vi. houres. Finallye, put into the same about fiftie snailes out of their shelles & made cleane, an vnce of Campher, a good fatte henne flawen and brokē into small pieces, without washing her, two Orenges withoute their pilles, kernelles, or the lytle skinne within the pille .xii. Lemons ordered likewise, or elles the iuyce of them, which will consume the saied snayles, and all wyll waxe like paste. This dooen, take the white of .xxv. egges new laied, hard roste, with the whiche you must incorporate sixe vnces of Synamom, and a certaine quantitie of sugre candy, and put all to∣gether in a violle into the bathe or baine, and still it. The first water that shall come of it, will be white, the seconde yet whiter, which you shall receyue a parte by it selfe, and the thirde verie white. Then myngle the first with the laste, and distill it againe, and kepe it, for it is good: yet not so good as the second, which is verye excellent aboue all thinges in the world, and that must serue for the visage or face. If you will dresse or trimme handkerchers with it, as is aboue saied, take what handkerchers you will, so that they bee not very fine, & lay them in a platter, and powre vpon theym as muche water as wyll couer them, leauing them so the space of sixe houres, than hauing taken them oute, and hanged them vp, in such sort, that the water may droppe out of them into the same platter, ye shal let them so drie, then bathe or washe them again, as before, other vi. houres, driyng them agayne, and so .vii. times. Than shal you haue an excellent thing.

☞To make a water that wyll make a whyte and pale persone well coloured.

TAke white Pigeons, and fatten them with Pyne∣apple kernelles, the space of .xv. daies, and than kil them: and hauing cast away the head, the feete, and the guttes, with all the garbage, distill them in a limbecke

with halfe a loffe of Succarine Alom, thre hundred lea∣ues of fine siluer plate, fiue hundred of golde foyle, and the cromme of .iiii. white loues stieped or weated in al∣monde milke, a pounde of the marye of a calfe or oxe, and freshe barrowes grease. Make all this to distil with a litle fier, & you shal haue therof a verie perfite water.

☞A verie good water to make the face appeare of the age of .xxv. yeares.

TAke a couple of calues feete, and seeth theym in xviii. pounde of riuer water, vntil halfe be consu∣med, then put to it a pounde of ryse, and lette it seeth with crommes of fine manchet breade stieped in milke, two pound of freshe butter, and white of .x. new laied egges, with their shelles & all: set those al thinges to distill, and into the water that shall come of it, put a litle Campher, and succarine Alom, and you shall haue an excellent and noble thing of it.

☞A water to beautifie the face, and all other partes of the bodye.

TAke of white Borar twoo vnces, roch Alome an vnce, Campher twoo dragmes, Alome called in Latyne Alumen scissilae or plumae, whiche naturallye groweth like a stone, and not withstandinge maye be deuided, there bee longe strakes seene in it, and the A∣lome called Alumen catinae, because it is boyled in a cau∣dron, and is made more pure by an herbe (like to herbe yuye) burned into ashes and lye made therewith, of ech of these an vnce: beate eche of these to poulder by them selues: and than incorporate all well together, and put it in some greate vessel full of condite water, the which you shal couer and close vp sure with a lynen cloth, and set it to the fier, the space of two houres, than take it a∣waye, and when it is colde agayne, putte it in another vessell, and take the white of two egges new layed the same day, and beate it well with a litle vergeous: and so put it in the vessell with water, and leaue all so toge∣ther

the space of .xx. dayes in the Sunne, and you shall haue a perfite thing of it.

☞A water to make the skinne white, and to take a∣way the sunne burning.

TAke halfe a potfull of raine water, and fill it vp with vergeous, than seeth it vntill it bee halfe consumed: and in the meane time that it yet boy∣leth, fill it with the iuyce of Lemons. When it hath sodden, take it from the fier, and putte to it the white of .iiii. egges newe layed, and well beaten, but the foresaied substaunces muste be colde before you put in the saied white of the egges: and than is it made.

☞Another water to beautifie the face, and to make it appeare of the age of fiftene yeres.

TAke quicke Brimstone an vnce, white ensence of the best .ii. vnces, of Myrre twoo vnces, of fyne Ambergrise .vi. dragmes, beate eche of these drooges by them selues, and then mingle them altoge∣ther with a pounde of rose water. This doen, put them to distill, and kepe it in a vessel close stopped. And when you go to bedde, washe your face therewith, and leaue it so not wiping it: and in the morning washe it againe with well water luke warme, and by thys meane shall you mayntayne, and keepe the skynne verie delycate, fyne, and smoth.

☞An easye water for Ladyes and gentil women.

TAke the whyte of eyghte newe layed egges, and beate them vntill they bee conuerted into a cleare water, then strayne them, and take Alumen catinae or Des¦squamatum, Boras, Campher, Alumen zucharinum which is made with Alome relented, Rose water and whites of egges into the facion of a Sugre lofe, of eche of them an vnce, of Vinagre eyght vnces, water of beane blos∣soms twoo vnces. Let all these saied thinges be finelye stamped and beaten in a morter, and than put all toge∣ther

in a great violle of glasse, the whiche beynge well couered, you shall leaue in the sunne the space of fiftene dayes, styrringe the sayde water twise or thrise a daye, and so let it stande and rest. This done, put it in ano∣ther violle, and washe your selfe with it whan you wil, leauinge it so a certaine space vpon your face: and than rubbe it with a piece of scarlet. The lady or gentlewo∣man that will vse often times to washe her face with this water, yea, were she of yeares thre score, she shall appeare to be of the age of, xv. yeare.

☞To make a goodly lustre or beautiflynge of the face, good for ladies and dames.

TAke a greate Lemmon, and make a hole in the toppe of him thorough the which hole you shall take out of the substaunce within the bignesse of a Walnutte: and fyll it agayne with Sugre Candye, with foure or fiue goldfoyle leaues, and couer it agayne with the piece that you toke of, sowinge it with a needle, so that it may remaine fast on. Than set the sayde lemon to roste vpon the coales, righte vp, and after as it shall beginne to roste or boyle, tourne it of∣ten, vntill it hath sweat a good space, than take it of. And whan you will vse of it, putte one of your fingers into the hole that was sowed vp, and rubbe youre face with it, with some fine linnen clothe, and it will proue an exquisite thinge.

To take out spottes, lentilles, or pimpels of the face.

TAke the meale or flowre of a kind of pulse corne cal∣led Lupinum, which groweth in Italy and Fraunce, but here vnneth knowen, the freshe and recente gall of a goate, the iuyce of a lemon, Alome sucharine, incorpo¦rate well all together in maner of an oynctmente: and rubbe at night the place with it where the spottes or burgeons be, and you shalbe incontinent cured of them This is well experimented and proued.

☞A very good way how to geue a lustre or shew to all distilled water.

TAke litle greene pine Apples well mondified, cut them in litle rounde and flatte pieces: whiche you shall stiepe three dayes in cowe milke, chaunging the milke once a day (but it were better in goates milk) at the ende of thre dayes distille them with these poul∣ders folowing. Poulder of glasse foure vnces, pieces of redde corall two vnces, Suger Candy four vnces, roch Alome .i. vnce, quicke siluer mortified with spittle, an vnce and a halfe .xij. new laide egges broken with their shelles and all, Turpentine washed in ix. waters, four vnces, Snailes such as carry no shelles on their backes and if you can not get such, take those that cary shelles. All these thinges well stamped eche one by him selfe, mingle them together, and than make in the Limbeck a rowe or bedde of them, than a bedde of the poulders, and one of Turpentine, and so another of the snayles, and thus one vpon another, vntill the Limbecke be ful, than cast vpon it a glassefull of good white wine, and make vnto it a temperat fyre. Thus shall you haue such a water as you wuld desyre, the which you shal kepe in a flagon of glasse: for it is very good to make white and to beautifie the flesh, and to take away the wrinckles of the face: A thinge proued.

To make a water of whyte Melons, that maketh a fair skinne.

TAke white Melons well made cleane of theyr pilles, and cut them in pieces a fyngar thick, lea¦uing all the middes alone, than take these thin∣ges folowinge: Succharyne Alome four vnces, quicke syluer broken or mortified, an vnce, Roch Alom burned an vnce, Turpentine washed a pound .xij. new layde Egges stamped with shelles and all, white Snai¦les cut in pieces as many as you will, Suger. iiii. vn∣ces, with a glassefull of goates milke, and one of white wine: than fyll the Limbecke with the saied thinges, layeng rancke vpon ranck, as we haue said of the other water before. Giue it than a litle fire, and kepe the wa∣ter

in a viole, whiche will be excellente to washe youre fa••e with. After this maner is made y^e water of Auguria of the blossomes of beanes, of mallowes, and of the blos¦somes of Tansey, or wild vine, & other such like things.

To make a very good water of Gourdes, as well garden Gourdes as wilde.

TAke Gourdes, and plucke of their vtter pille or barke, cut them into little round wheeles, than put to them sixe vnces of succarine Alome, an vnce of Alom sciffilae or plumae, the value of a pe∣ny of Myrrhe, halfe a pounde of Turpentine wasshed, foure newe laide egges stamped and well beaten toge∣ther, sixe Lemons cut in trenches, Snailes as many as you will, a glasse of white wine. Beate into poulder that whiche ought to be beaten, and mixe well all toge∣ther, makinge the first ranke of Suger, the seconde of poulder, and the thirde of Snayles: than put the wine, the Lemons, and the egges vpon all the reste, and so di∣still it with a small fire: and the water that commeth of it must be kept .viii. or .xv. dayes in the sunne in a viol. A man may make the lyke also of Gourdes that growe nigh vnto the sea.

☞An oyntment for the face whiche beinge kepte on, or vsed continually the space of eighte dayes, altereth the skinne and reneweth it finely.

TAke four newe laide egges, and lay them eyghte dayes together in stronge Vinaigre, so that they become tender and soft, that you may take of the shelles. After this take oute the yelkes finelye that you breake them not, and put them in an earthen dishe lea∣ded. This done, take the value of a peny of white Tur∣pentine well wasshed, the value of a halfe peny of sugre Candy, and twise as muche of the paste of Borar, Cam¦pher, Verdegrise, Roche Alome, of eche of them sixe de∣niers. All these thinges well beaten to poulder, take .ii. quarters of quick siluer mortified w^t spettle, or the iuyce

of lemons, oyle of wine leese called Tartarum .iiii. vnces, a white onyon, which you shall boyle in white wine, & straine thorowe a strainer, and mingle al this with the yelkes of the egges, incorporatinge, and beatinge all well together, with the iuyce of two lemmons. And at night whan you goe to bed, laye the sayde composition vpon your face, necke, and breaste, lettinge it so drye of it selfe. Nowe, you must styrre it well at euery time you will occupie it, and you maye not take it to sone from your face, for than you shall marre the skinne: but you must let it lie on the space of eight dayes. And although you would thinke the sayed composition burned or fla∣wed of the skinne of your face, you may not for all that take it of, but let it worke his operation, and at thende of eight dayes take it of in this maner folowing. Take wheate bran, mallowes, leaues of Marche violettes, Beane poddes, crommes of breade, and a good quanti∣tie of rawe honny, and boyle al these thinges together, vntill it be all softe, than powre it in to some potte, and let it coole vntill suche tyme as you maye endure the smoke therof, holdinge youre face ouer the potte. Also couer well your heade, your breaste, and other places, where you haue laide the saide past, and holde your face so ouer the smoke of the pot vntil the sweate drop down by al your face. And whā you perceiue your self to swet take a litle of the said water, & put crommes of bread in to it, and whan you haue well swete, take of the breade crommes, & rubbe with them al about wher the compo¦sition is laide: for there the skin wil be very tender, and therfore must you rubbe hard, vntil your face be cleane of the said past, or composition, than immediatly washe your face with cleane water, and wipe it drie again. Af∣ter this, you must take some distilled water, wherein is no stronge substaunce, and bath your face with all fiue or six times. If in case there remaine behind anye of the saied past in any place of your body, rubbe it well with the said crommes of bread, or some linen cloth, wete or dieped in such distilled water, and you shall incontinent

see that that skinne which was rough, thicke, and rude, shalbe chaunged and altered into a fine, faire, and dely∣cate skynne. But beware that in eyght daies after you go not abroade in the open aire, or to nygh the fyre, lest the new fyne, tender, and delycate skynne, shoulde be burned, or take anye hurte. This is a goodly secrete.

☞For him that hath naturally a redde face.

TAke foure vnces of the kernelles of peches, twoo vnces of gourdes seedes, and make therof an oyle, wherwith you shall anoynt his face morning and eue∣ning, and this will kil and destroy the rednesse. A thing founde trew by experience.

☞To make aqua argentata or siluered water, which maketh a white ruddie and glistring face and is made like a water and not like an oyntment, that the dames of Italy for the most part do vse, althoughe that fewe men make it as it ought to bee made.

TAke .iiii. vnces of Sublimatum, and break it in sonder in a morter, styrringe it alwaies with one hande. When it is broken ynough, take .iiii. deniers of quicke siluer, and put it in stronge white vinagre the space of viii. daies, than put it in another vessell with other vin∣agre, and boyle it a litle. This doen, take the quicke syl∣uer out of the vinagre, and lay it in a dishe, taking the crome of a lofe, which you shall cromme with the sayed quicke siluer, styrring wel altogether, vntill the quicke siluer be faire and cleare, than blow in it, and the bread will flie away: than shall you put this quicke siluer, so purged, with the sublimat, in mixing and styrrynge it wel with one hand, & so it wil become white as snowe: than take hote boylinge water, and powre it into the saied morter, which must also be hote, and styrre it well and mixe all together, and so let it stand and rest. After this take diligently the water away, which wil be very good for scabbes, or skurfe: & powre to it other sethinge water, & was••he it well, as before, foure or fiue tymes.

This dooen, take .xii. or .rv. Perles, and a Carlyn or twoo of golde broken in sonder, or elles a lytle Cam∣pher, a lytle Boras, a lytle Talchum, if you haue any. All these thinges shall you breake and bruse in sunder, with one hande in a morter, and so leaue it fourtye daies in the Sunne, sturring it euery daye with youre hande the space of halfe an houre. After the saied four∣tie daies take foure newe layed egges, the whiche be∣inge a lytle heated by the fier: you shall brake: and ha∣uyng taken the whites of them, you shall put them in∣to the saied morter, mingling well all together, and so shall you dooe this water folowing. Take litle ripe Le∣mons, and take of the outwarde yelowe pille, than cut them in small pieces, wyth .xii. newe layed egges, bea∣tynge the yelke, the white, and the shelles together, than adding to it twoo vnces of Turpentyne, you shal put al into a Limbecke, making to it a litle fier, wherof you shall haue about a glasful of water, with the which water you shal temper your siluered water in the mor∣ter: than kepe it in a violle close stopped, in a cole place: And so it will bee an excellent thinge, and it were to geue a queene. And when you wyll occupie of it, lette your face fyrst bee cleane, and than laie to the saied wa∣ter, as muche as you shall by youre discretion, thynke sufficient, lettinge it drie of it selfe.

☞To make an oy••tment for the face.

TAke three vnces of the fatte caule of a fatte lambe, the whiche you shall put into freshe water, chaunging it euery day fiftie times, seuen or eyghte daies together, then cut it very small, put it in an earthen panne lea∣ded, full of whyte cleare Vinagre, with a dragme of Campher stamped. Boyle this together by the space of twoo or thre Pater noster, and after strayne the grease with the foresaied thinges, thorowe a whyte linnen clothe, than lette the grease coole, vntill it bee harde a∣gaine: and if there bee anye ordure or fylthe at the bot∣tome,

you muste take it away. After this take twoo vn∣ces of the oyle of Tartare, and put it in some vessell vp∣on the coales, vntill it come together: and hauing set it in a moyste place by the space of a daye and a night, put to it an vnce of Borar well wasshed, than stampe and mixe all well together, adding to it an vnce, and a halfe of Ceruse wasshed, and hauing put all in a new car∣then panne leaded, set it on a small fier, styrryng it al∣waies well together, vntyl all the saied thinges be wel incorporated together: and after that you haue layed it vpon your face, laye on also a redde coloure made wyth the grayne whereof Scarlate is died, called in Latyne Coccum, and wyth Brassel, for it shalbe better than with Brasyll alone.

☞To make a redde colour for the face.

TAke redde Sandall fynely stamped, and strong vin∣agre twyse distylled, than put into it as much San∣dall as you wyll, and let it boyle faire and softly, & put to it also a lytle roche Alom stamped, and you shal haue a very perfite redde. If you wyll make it odoriferous and sauour well, put a lytle Muske to it, or els Ciuet, or some other odoriferous thing what you lyst.

☞To make the face fayre.

TAke Beanes and a kynde of a litle grayne called in Latyne Faseoli, and Cyche peason, and make a poul∣der thereof, which you shall stiepe and temper in luke warme water, with the white of an egge, and the milk of an asse: and than lay it out to drye. And after stiepe it in a lyttle water, wherewith you shall wasshe youre face, and it wyll become fayer, cleare, and nete.

☞To make the face faire another waye.

TAke the fresshe blossomes of Beanes, and distyll them thorowe a Limbecke, and so wasshe youre face with the water that shall come of them.

☞To make the face fayre.

TAke the flowres of Rosemary, and boyle them in white wine, than washe youre face with it, and vse of it for to drinke and so shall you make youre face verie faire, and also your breath sweete.

☞To take out spottes or redde pimples out of a mans face and to make the skinne very faire.

TAke a litle roche Alome, and breake it a sonder into small pieces, than take the white of an egge newely layed euen at that instant, the whiche you shall set to the fyre in a lytle panne leaded, with the roche Alome, and leaue it so vntyl you see that it beginneth to boyle, mingle it alwaies with a lytle sticke. And when it is waxen hard, annoynet well al yourface with it three or foure daies, and it wil make your face fairer. A thinge founde trew by experience.

☞To make a water that maketh the face white.

TAke Lytarge, Syluer sublymed the value of a grote, and put it into some vessel w^t strong white vinagre, than boyle it vntyll it bee deminished the heyght of two fyngers: lette it stande and rest, than straine it and kepe it. Also milke and the iuyce of Oren∣ges mixed with the oyle of wyne lees is verie good.

☞Another maner to make the face fayre.

TAke the gall of a Hare, of a Cocke or Henne, and of Eeles, temper them with Honnye, and putte them so into a vessell of brasse well stopped, for to annoynt your face with whan you lyste, but take heede it touche not your eyes: for it would inflame them and make them looke redde, and so hurt you.

☞To take of spottes lyntelles or redde pymples out of the face.

TAke greene Lisardes quicke, and boile them in oyle vntyll the thyrde parte bee consumed. Strayne

this, and put to it white ware, and than make thereof an oyntment, wherwith you shall often times annoint your face.

To take of a ringe worme or tetter that renneth all ouer a mannes face, called in Frenche Le feu volant.

TAke the rootes of La••athum acutum, called Sorel as wel wylde, as of the garden, wash them wel and mondifie them, and cutte them in small pie∣ces, the whiche you shall stiepe in strong whyte vynagre, and leaue them in it two dayes & two nights. Afterwarde rubbe the place of the sore with it three or foure times a day, and at night with the sayd pieces of the sorell retes, letting them stiepe alwaies after in the sayde Vynagre, and you shall be cured.

To dryue a way life.

TAke encens, and the larde of a barrowe Hogge, properly called barrowes grease, Boyle them to∣gether in an earthen panne or potte leaded, and with this ointment rubbe or annoynte the place where the life be.

To make a water that taketh of all stayninge, dying, and spottes from the handes of artificers that gette them by workinge, and maketh them very white and fayre: It is also good for them that be sunne burned.

TAke the iuyce of a Lemon, with a litle baye salte, and washe your handes with it▪ and let them drye of them selues: washe them agayne, and you shall finde all the spottes and stayninges gone. It is also ve∣ry good against the scurfe or scabbes.

To make a water that maketh the fleshe and skinne of a man or woman very fayer, and will be kept like a preci∣ous baulme.

TAke a yonge crow euen out of the nest, if you maye get one so: if not, take him as yonge as you maye:

to whome (by the space of .xl. dayes) ye shall geue none other meate, but the yelkes of harde egges. Than kyll him, and flawe him, breakinge the fleshe into smal pie∣ces: than take leaues of a myrtle tree, and lay one ranck of them, and another of the little pieces of the crowe, in some great violl of glasse, powdered and strowed ouer with the poulder of Talchum, stamped with the oyle of swete Almondes, and put in as muche of it as your dis∣cretion shal iudge, for a great quantitie will do no hurt to it. And if there remayne yet anye pieces of the sayde crowe, make therof another ranck, adding therto some myrtle leaues, and than of the Talchum, and the sayde glasse must be large, wyde, and lowe. Finally you shall poure vpon it thre or foure vnces of the oyle of Myrrhe, dressed with egges, as is declared in this booke. Than set the saied violl or glasse vnder the Limbeck, stopping well the sides and ioyntes, that it take no vent, and like¦wise the recipient: and geue it at the beginning a small fyre for the space of foure or fiue houres, so that al these thinges may be dissolued, and as it were, breake, and corrupt amonge them selues: than make the fyre grea∣ter and greater, and at the ende very great for the space of an hour, letting it after cole. And if the fire haue ben great ynough, the water will be yelowe, and somwhat redde, the whiche water you shall put into another lyke glasse, great, according to the quātitie of the said water putting to it half a pound of rosemary blossoms, halfe a glassefull of Aqua vite, setting al to distill agayne w^t the limbeck, and recipient as before: you must put in the re¦cipiēt, or at the beke of the limbeck, some fine litle cloth, wherin must be white Bengewin stamped betwene ij. papers as wel as you can. Whan this water shalbe di∣stilled, it will be very cleare & fayre, which you shal kepe in a viol, wel stopped with waxe, and cered cloth, to the ende it take no vent, and you may neither kepe it in the sunne, nor in any hote place. This will be a noble and precious water, whiche hath not the like in the worlde for to make the skin fayre, and to preserue it. The ma∣ner

how to vse it is this. Fyrste, you must washe youre face well with cleare water distilled, and than rub well both face, breast, and other places of youre body where you list, with a piece of scarlet weted in the sayd water, and lie downe vpon your bedde, holding a litle while, the piece of wet scarlet vpon your face, and thus maye you do euery .viii. or euery .xv. daies once, or elles euery moneth, or euery two moneths. In the mean time you may vse some other water, as the water of Beane blos∣somes, of gourdes, of melons, of onyons, of white flour∣delice, of the rote of the herbe called in latin Dracontium, or more comonly Serpentaria, in englishe dragons, and of other like: but you must take hede that you put in it no sublime, nor Ceruse in any wise. Thus shal you haue a water of a merueilous vertu, to make your skinne and fleshe fayre and naturall, and to conserue and keepe it longe yonge, gaye, freshe, and nete.

☞A verye goodlie water to washe the face, necke, and the breast, whereof a man maye make a greate quantitie, for the more there is of it, the better it is: It maketh the skinne and fleshe of the face fayer, not burtinge or de∣stroyinge the teeth, and shall seme that the face is no∣thinge at all holpen with any coloure, but that it is euen so by nature.

TAke two fatte Pigcons, two pounde of Veale, seedes of Spurge, pilled thre vnces of Pine apple kernelles, sweete Almondes, bytter Almondes, the rootes of white and yelowe floure delice, Beanes broken in pieces and mo••dified, the gall of an Oxe, the roote of Dragons, the roote of a litle yonge Ashe, or romon Diptum, a litle lemon the yelow pill taken away, & cut in pieces, the cromme of a white lofe wet in milke gomme dragant stieped in wine, gomme Armoniac slie¦ped in Vinaigre, and let there be of all these thinges a reasonable quantitie. Than put therevnto flowres or blossoms of Ligustrum, which is a tre hauing leaues like an oliue tre, but they be broder and softer, & more grene

of colour, whiche doth beare white flowers and swete, wherof is made an oyle called Oleum ciprinum. And this free doth growe in watrie places, as Willowes and sa∣lowes do, and beareth a blacke fruite like vnto an elder free, and distill all these with a small fyre, hauing bound or tied a litle linen cloth with Musk, and white Benge wyne, at the becke of the Limbecke: than kepe the wa∣ter in a glasse well stopped, for it will be very excellente to make a white and naturall skinne or fleshe, without hurtinge the teeth or any other thinge.

☞To make a very excellente redde colour for the face, whiche is naturall, and continueth longe vpon the face, makinge it alwayes gayer and fairer.

TAke the whites of .xxv. harde Egges, and put a glassefull of the mylke of greene figges among them, if you can get none of it, take lytle figges that be not rype, and cutte them in smal pieces, whiche you shall mingle with the sayd egges: and than distill them, and the water that shall come thereof, ma∣keth of it selfe the flesshe white: but if you will make it redde, take for euery glassefull of the saied water, two vnces of Alome Scissilae or plumae, beaten in poulder, half an vnce of the grayne called in latine Coccum, wherwith scarlet is died, and two vnces of the graynes that men vse to die Cr••mson ••ilke with. Let all this he putte in a viole well stopped, that it take no vent, then set the vy∣ole in a kettle of bote water (not boylinge hote) by the space of eyghte dayes. This done, straine oute well the substaunce of the sayde coloures, and take the water so coloured and died: and putte to it as muche more of the same Alome, and graynes as before, and set it agayne altogether in hote water, by the space of eyght dayes: than strayne oute the water, and adde to it the thyrde time some Alom, and graines, with a litle gomme Ara∣bick, that is to say, for euery glassefull of water, half an vnce of gomme, setting it againe in hote water eyghte

dayes, as before: and after you haue taken it oute, strayne it, and you shall haue the fairest redde, that is possible to wishe for. Than weate some lytle piece of Scarlate or Crymson sylke in it, and rubbe youre face therewith so longe vntill the fleshe beginne to waxe somewhat chafed, and the redde well perced thorowe. You maye also adde to it what odoure or sauoure you will. And if you will not set the violle in hote water, as is aforesaied, set it before a lytle fyre, not sufferynge it to seeth, and that for the space of a daye or moore: than strayne it, and you shall see all thinges come to passe, as I haue saied.

☞Another kinde of redde verye good for the face, ea∣sier to make, and with lesse coste.

TAke twoo vnces of fisshe glewe verie cleare, and stiepe it in white wine, the space of fyue or syxe dayes, vntill it bee very softe: than take Brassell that is good and of a good colour, well scraped or cut in small pieces, than stiepe it in well water, so that the water bee aboue it moore than a hande breadeth, and a halfe, this dooen, boyle it together with a small fyre, assaiyng euermore the colour vpon a paper, vntyll it be to your fantasie. And before you take it from the fyre, put to it, for euery glassefull of the saied colour, an vnce of rawe roche Alome beaten in poulder, and Gomme arabicke, as muche as three or foure beanes. Than take it frome the fyre, and keepe it in a v••olle close stopped: & so shall you haue an erquisite thing. Women of base degree, are wont to seeth onely the Brasyll in wyne or water, putting to it a litle roche Alome, and Gomme, letting it hoyle vntill the colour be to their mynde.

Other take redde Sandall or Saunders, the whiche they put in wine, or at the least in Aqua vite, and not boyle it at all, but keepe it so the space of a night. Than in tourninge the water, they put moore Sandall to it, and a lytle moore Alome, accordynge as they lyke the coloure.

☞An excellent white aboue all other,

TAke brayed Talchum, and burned tinne beaten in to poulder with a wodden pestell, than washe them and mingle them together, and put them in some ma∣ner of platter, or other great and large vessell, couered with suche another, and so set it in a glassemakers for∣nayse, the space of three or foure dayes. And hauing ta∣ken it out, it will bee as white as snowe. Than braye it finely with the water of yonge fygges, or with the milke of greene fygges, or with distilled vynagre, or some other suche sharpe and clammy thyng.

☞To make heare as yelow as golde.

TAke the ryne or the scrapynges of Rubarbe, & stiepe it in white wyne, or in cleare lye: and after you haue washed your head with it, you shall weate your heares with a sponge or some other cloth, and lette them drye by the fyre, or in the Sunne: After this weate them and drye them agayne: for the oftener you dooe it, the fairer they wyll bee, without hurting your head anye thyng at all.

☞To make lye to washe the head, whiche (besyde that it comforth the braine, and the memorie) maketh the heare long, faire, and yelow, like golde.

TAke lye that is not to strong, but as women com∣mōly make it to wassh their heades: and make as muche of it in a kettle, as wyll serue you ten wa∣shinges, putting to it this folowing. The pilles of ten Orenges, or of sweete Lemons, if you haue anye, yf not take sowre ones, the pilles of Cytrons, as manye as you can gette, bee they greene or drie it is all one, the blossoms of Camomell, Baye leaues, a handfull of the herbe called Maiden heare, halfe a handfull of Agri∣moyne, twoo or three handefulles of Barley strawe, chopped in pieces, halfe a dishefull of a kynde of pulse corne, called in Latyne Lupinus and in Frenche Lupius,

hauing one stalke, the leafe in fyue deuisions, the cod creauesyd aboute, hauynge in it fyue or syre graynes, harde, broade, and redde, they bee commonlye in Fraunce and in Italye, but here in Englande vnneth knowen, and therefore they haue no Englishe name: they must bee dried, a dishefull of Fennygreeke, halfe a pounde of wine lies, or twoo or three disshfulles of Brome blossomes, whereof it is good alwayes to haue some drie in your house to make suche thinges withal. Put all this that I haue named in a great vessell with the saied lie, leauing it alwayes so, to take thereof and occupie when you will. And the lenger the saied lye shall be compounde with the foresaied thinges, the bet∣ter it will bee. The saied composition will bee good for fyue or syxe monethes or moore: and you maye renewe it at your pleasure. But when you wyll put it in vse, take it handsomely and cleanely vp, without touching in any wise the saied drooges put in it: and in heatinge it agayne you maye put in it a lytle Myrre and a lytle Synamom: and thus shall you make it verye good, as well for the health of the head, and eyesyghte, as for to beautifie and make the heare faire.

☞Lye to make heare blacke.

TAke Gomme lye, and boyle it with a handfull of the leaues of Beete, three or foure handfuls of Sage leaues, eyther greene or drie, and as muche Myrre as you wyll, with Baye leaues, and a fewe leaues or outwarde pille of a Walnut. But when you wyll vse of those lyes that make yelowe or blacke, rubbe not youre face, or youre necke with it, least they become blacke, or yelowe, although they dye not the skinne so soone as they dooe the heare. And af∣ter hauing thus washed youre heare, you muste washe your face with common lye, or cleare water, or elles with white wine.

☞An oyle for to annoynt the heare, which maketh it yelowe lyke golde, long and glystryng lyke burnyshed golde.

TAke a glassefull of the oyle of Sesamum, whiche is a white graine growynge in India, whereof oyle is made, whiche is called oleum Sesaminum, if you can get of it, if not, take oyle Olyue not greene, but verye yelowe, and cleare, where vn∣to you shall put three vnces of drie brome blossomes, well mundified, from the verdure and greenesse that is in them, and from the white that you shal find wythin: than stampe them so grosely, adding thervnto an vnce of the yelowe that is in the middle of white flowre deli∣ces, and a quarter of an vnce of Curcuma, and the sixte part of an vnce of Saffron, w^t a litle Synamom, Ben∣gewine, Muske, and Ciuet, if you wyll. All these thin∣ges will giue a good sauour, helpe the colour and com∣fort the head: you must put all together into one vessell or violle, wherein muste bee oyle, which you shall kepe in the Sunne all the Sommer, and so take of it at euery time, a litle for your face, and the older it waxeth, the better it will bee. Also you maye at the ende, putte the oyle agayne vpon the saied drooges, into the vessell, for they will continue still good together manye yeres: or elles you maye chaunge those substaunces, accordynge as you see neede. It shall bee also very good to anoynt with this oyle the kombe that women kembe them sel∣ues with, in the Sunne: or elles laye some linnen cloth hote vpon their head, and let it so lye, without putting any other thing to it. This is a thing very rare and ex∣cellent for a queene: for to dooe thus there can not bee founde a better.

☞A very goodly way or maner howe to make yelowe aberne heare, without standinge long or nothing at all in the Sunne, a rare and a verie excellent secrete.

TAke halfe a pounde of Antimonium, halfe a pounde of wine leese, nine vnces of salt Peter, al these thin¦ges beinge finely brayed and incorporated, take an ear∣then pot or panne, and put it in the middle of a fire, that the fire maye be both aboue it and vnderneth it, vntyll it be redde hote: than caste in the sayde poulders, by lit∣tle and lyttle with a spone, tarryinge a little space be∣twene euery sponefull castinge in, vntill the fyrst be all burned, and continue so castinge in one sponefull after another, vntill all be in. But this muste be doone in a chymney, or in an open place, because there wyll ryse suche aboundaunce of smoke that it is not possible for you to endure it, than hauynge letten it coole, breake the sayde panne, and in the bottome you shall fynde as it were a maner of a thicke cake or browne lofe. Than breake the sayde matter and substaunce in dyuers pie∣ces vpon the grounde, or in some cleane place, and you shall fynde in the middle, certayne little graynes like vnto fine siluer: but they be brittle and easy to be bro∣ken. And this is it that the searchers oute of the secre∣tes of nature do call the kinge or chiefe of Antimoni∣um, whiche in operation belongynge to metall serueth for many thinges, as we will after declare. But this will not serue any thyng at all for to make heare white notwithstandinge you muste kepe it by it selfe. Than take the reste, and the blacke substaunce and yellowe, and all that you finde in the bottome, and on the sides of the sayde panne. All the which thinges (because they wyll incontinent waxe moyst) you shall stampe grossely and quicklye, addinge to it for euery pounde, an vnce of Vitrioli, rubified or made redde, as we wyll shewe you hereafter. This doone, putte all these thynges to∣gether in lye, not to stronge, and lette it stiepe vntyll it becomme as it were a saulce, putting to it, two vnces of the oyle of yelkes of Egges, yf you haue anye, if not, take Oyle Olyue. Nowe, you muste keepe this licoure thicke as it is, in some vessell, vntyll it be harde, and you shall fynde it alwaies good. Whan you wyll put

it in effect, take common lie, and put into it two or thre vnces of rawe Roche Alome stamped, and washe youre heade with it as you are wont to dooe. And after you haue washed it, without dryinge it anye otherwise than of it selfe, annointe all youre heare with the saied ly∣coure heated, and beinge thus annoyncted, wrappe them in a hote linnen clothe, resting your selfe a while. This doen, you shall take of the sayed annoinctynge, wasshynge youre heade with hote lye, vsinge and dres∣singe the Sope as you shall thinke good. And finallie wasshe youre heade and heare againe with a little warme white wine, and wrappe them with a hote lin∣nen clothe, or drie theim in the Sunne, or by the fire, as you will, and laste of all you shall annointe youre selfe with oure saied oile, or with the Oyle of Iasemin, or some other odoriferous and swete Oyle, which may conserue the heares that they break not, and may geue them a lustre to make them glister and shine, vsing this maner of annoynctinge euerie .xv. dayes, or euerye mo∣neth, as you liste youre selfe. By this meane you shall haue faier heare and glisteringe like golde. But re∣member to vse in al thinges a discretion, and diligence, at the fyrste whan you vse any receipte, as for an exam∣ple in this confection, you muste take heede that the lie be not to stronge, leaste with the saied oynctment (whi∣che I tell you is very stronge) it eate and consume your heare. Also you muste well consider the quantitie, and howe longe it muste lye on youre heade, before you wasshe it awaie, as is declared: and soo, accordinge to the experience that you shall haue in the effecte, you shall vse and gouerne youre selfe in all thinges, for there is no rule so certaine, but leaueth alwaies some place for the discretion, diligence, and Iudgemente of the personne that will followe it, and putte it in vre or effecte.

An oyntment to make the heares fall from anye place of the body.

TAke the whites of three newe laied egges well beaten, eight vnces of quick lime, an vnce of or∣piment, and the whole beinge beaten in poul∣der, let it be put among the whites of the egges and adde to it after a litle lie, so much that it may make it a licour thicke like saulce. Than with a pensill or some other thinge, annoint the place frome the whiche you will haue the heares fall, and leaue the oinctmente so vpon it the space of a quarter of an houre, or a little more, than washe the place with warme water, and all the heare will fall of, or if not, you muste annoincte it againe, and hauinge staied a while, washe it as before, and the heares will fall of without doubt. Finallie you muste annoint the saied place with oyle Roset, or with the oyle of Violettes, and the skinne will remayne very faier, and without hurt.

☞An oyle or licoure to make the heare fall of, and may be kepte as longe as a manne wyll: It is also good for all occasions.

TAke an vnce of Soda (whiche is asshes made of grasse, whereof glassemakers doo vse to make their Cristall) ten vnces of quicke lime eyghte vnces of Orpimente, and make thereof a fine poulder, whiche you shall putte in a panne, with as muche sweete and cleere lie as will be aboue the poulder a handefull: than boyle it together a good houre, and after hauinge lette it stande by the space of xxiiii. houres, you muste straine it, and take three vn∣ces of it, and put therto an vnce of oyle Oliue, and let it boile together vntill the water be consumed and vani∣shed awaie, which you shal knowe, castinge a droppe or two into the fire, with a little sticke, and if it make no noise, it is a signe there is no more water lefte. If you will make it odoriserous & swete, put to it Muske, or Ci∣uet, & so kepe it: and whan you wil make the heares to fal of, wash first the place wel with hote water, thā an∣noinct it w^t the said oyle, and leaue it so a certaine space

and than wasshe it againe with hote water, and all the heare will fall away. Finallye annointe the place with oyle Roset, or violet oyle.

An aduertisement or lesson for them that will make the heare fall of.

FIrste, you muste note that the heare will not fall a∣waye, but whan the mone decreaseth, that is to say, in the quarter of the wane, and it is far better to make them fall of with the oinctmente, or with oyle, than to plucke them out with a payre of pincers, as some gentle wemen do vse in Fraunce, because it doth violence vn∣to the flesh, moueth the bloud, and enlargeth the pores, and also maketh the heare to growe againe greater.

Therefore in all sortes it is good to annoint by and by the place with some coolinge or refreshing oyle, as oyle roset, or of Violettes. Likewise, you muste vnderstande that oftentimes the oynctment beinge mixed with Or∣piment, burneth the skinne, and that commeth by the naughty or to stronge composition of it, or whan a man letteth it drye to longe vpon the place, or without fyrste wasshinge the place with hote water, or whan a man annoincteth not the place by and by after the heares be fallen, as we haue sayde before.

To cause that the heare shall growe no more or to make them come out thynne and fyne lyke the fyrst soft hea∣re or mosynes of the face.

A Man can scant fynd a remedy that the hear growe no more, because that manye whan they will do it, they make certaine oynte∣mentes very colde and drye, wherwith they anoincte the place a good while, not doinge any good at al, by reason of the power of nature, which hath alwayes his course, and casteth oute her superflu∣ities, with the heare. Therfore they burne the skin and do but marre it, wherfore you must note that they must make them fall of in the laste quarter of the wane of

the Moone, and then incontinent annoyncte the place with oyle rosat, or of Violettes: this dooen, the heare groweth agayne weaker, softer, and finer: and slacketh at euery time moore and moore in comming forth.

But if you will that it neuer growe more, vse these re∣medies folowinge, whiche are very good, and certaine by experience. Take the litle stones of Oliues burned, the outwarde coddes of beanes, dried, the seede of Hen∣baine, Litarge of golde and siluer, the shelles of fyshes called in Latyne Tellmae, burned, and the iuyce of blacke Poppy, as much of the one as of the other, and halfe as much Orpiment as of one of those thinges. All this be∣yng beaten to poulder, boyle it in as muche oyle Oliue rosat, as will couer them sixe fingers heyght, styrringe it continually by the space of twoo or thre houres: than let it coole, and straine the saied oyle, and so keepe it, putting to it the fourth part of the oyle of Selandyne. And when the heares bee fallen, take a little linnen cloth, wette in the said oyle luke warme, and lay it vp∣on the saied place, leauinge it so bounde on all a nyght. In the morning take of the lynnen cloth, and annoynt the place with oyle rosate: and at night lay the lynnen cloth on againe wetted as before: and this do .vi. or .vii. nightes, but let it be in the wane of the Moone. And yf you perceyue that the heares grow againe, make them fall away agayne at the nexte wane of the Moone, do∣yng in al poyntes as before: you shall not oft doe it, but you shal make that the heares shall neuer grow more.

☞To make a kinde of cloth or plaister to take the heare from the face, necke, and handes, or from anye parte of the bodye.

TAke twoo vnces of Turpentyne, halfe an vnce of white waxe broken small, or some what moore or lesse, accordinge as neede shall require, Benge∣wyne, Storax calamita, at youre discretion. Fyrste melte the waxe a lyttle, wyth a lyttle fier, and than the Bengewyne and Storax: after this, put in the Turpen∣tyne,

adding to it a lytle Ceruse well brayed, and set∣tinge it to the fyre, putte in to it a lyttle Masticke, and make thereof a mixion neither to thicke nor to cleare or thinne. Than take a piece of linnen clothe of what bygnesse you will, and lay it abrode vpon a table, sprea∣ding afterwarde the saied composition vpon it with a spone, or some other thinge, as it were in maner of a plaister, than let it coole, and keepe it so the one vppon the other open, without folding vp the lynnen clothe, for when the saied mixion is colde, it is harde. If you will putte it in profe and occupie, dooe as foloweth.

At night when you gooe to bedde, washe your face and necke with luke warme water, rubbinge it well with a linnen cloth, or with your hand: and when it is drie or when you haue wiped it, take a piece of the saied plaister, or cyred clothe, and heate it by the fyre, vntill the saied mixion bee liquide and softe, then im∣mediatly binde it vpon youre face, or vppon the place, from whence you woulde haue the heare to falle, and presse it harde on, leauinge it so all night. In the mor∣ninge go to youre lokinge glasse, and pluckynge of one ende of the saied lynnen clothe, you shall plucke awaye with it all the heare of your face, and so shall you leaue a very faire skinne. And if in case there remain yet any of the saied mixion vpon the fleshe, wasshe it with hote water, and with wheate branne, rubbinge it so longe with some piece of lynnen cloth, tyl you make it fal of, than washe your face with Aqua vite, or white wine, or with some other distilled water, being not to strong, but let it be of Melons, or gourdes, or of such other like and vse afterwarde waters meete for the face, as you lyst, and thus shall you kepe and maintayne youre face as cleare as glasse.

☞A meruelous secrete, whiche the greate lordes of the Moores dooe vse, whereby they make that theyr children haue no heare vnder their armes, or other place where they wyll. And this secrete founde I in Syria, the yeare 1521. by the meanes of a lorde of the countrey, whose doughter I healed.

AS soone as the child is borne, they make ready by and by a peece of fine golde, or a Ducar, or els a rynge, or some like thinge, and kepe it in the fyre vntill it be redde hote, not meltyng it, than they carry it with a payer of tonges & laye it vpon the place, where they will no heare shall grow, and immediatlie annoynte it with oyle Rosat, or the oyle of Violettes: than after .xxiiii. houres, they do the like agayn, and by this meanes there groweth neuer heare in that place. I haue often times made the heare fall from yong gen∣til womens browes and foreheades with this medecine and they haue founde it wonderfull: but the golde must be very fine, which suffexeth no token, marke or skarre to remaine wher the burning was, as other metals do. I haue kept this secret hidden a longe time, ••although that diuers times, men would haue giuen me greate giftes, yet I would not publish it a broade, vntill now that I haue doone it, in this present booke.

☞To make a kinde of cloth, called cloth of Leuant wher∣with women vse to colour their faces.

TAke the shearynge of skarlate, and boyle it in water, where quicke Lyme hath bene boyled: and after you haue boyled it a good space, you shall straine it, and take a pot∣ful of it, and put into it two vnces of Bra∣sill, cutte in litle peeces, addyng to it an vnce of Roche alume, and as muche of Verdigreese, and a quarter of an vnce of gumme Arabicke: and after you haue well boiled it, the space of halfe an houre, take a peece of olde linnen clothe, of what bignesse you wil, and wete it in this decoction, or red colour, than couer the pan, and let the saied mixtion coole, by the space of a day & after you haue taken it oute, drie it in the shadowe, and keepe it

in some vessell, among odoriferous and ••oote thinges, for to helpe you.

☞The same another waye.

TAke a glassefull of Aqua vite, a quarter of an vnce of the graine that I spake of before called Coccum, halfe an vnce of Brasyll, halfe an vnce of gomme armoniacke, put all these thinges toge∣ther, in the glasse where the Aqua vite is, than stoppe it clase, for feare it take vent, and the sayed glasse muste bee full. After this sette it vpon a small fier, makinge it seeth faire and softlye, or elles sette it in the Sunne, by the space of twoo or three daies. This doen, strayne it, and put in it pieces of olde linnen cloutes, as we haue saied before. If you thinke, in strayninge this water, that the coloure is not redde, to your minde, your maye put in moore of the saied grayne and brasell.

☞To dye a whyte bearde or heare of the heade in∣to a faire blacke.

TAke good galles of Leuant, or suche lyke, and frie them in oyle, but let them not burne: than stampe them, and sifte them once or twise. Take also Fer∣retum or Spanishe blacke, whiche the Frenchmen call Atrament d'Espaigne, the whiche likewise you shal stampe and beate well to poulder. Than take a panne full of lye, and put into it the pylles or rynes of Pomegrana∣des, Walnut pilles, Pineapples, Myrre, Sage leaues, as muche as you wyll. Let all this boyle together, vn∣till it bee broughte vnto the thirde parte. You muste haue in it also two partes of galle, and one of Ferretum, tempering and incorporating all well together, vntill the blacke colour content you, wherewith you may die your bearde, and heare, in this maner. Washe youre bearde with lye not to stronge, least it hurte you: and whiles your head or beard is yet hote, annoynt it with the saied confection: but it must bee luke warme, to the entent it maye penetrate and perce the better, and so

leaue it a certaine space. Than wasshe youre heade or bearde fyrst with lie, and than with hote water, and you shall haue youre heade and bearde sayre and blacke. This hurteth not, nor smarteth anye thinge at all, neyther bringeth anye inconuenience to the heade.

❀ A noble and excellent poulder to make cleane the teeth, to make them fast and white, and to conserue the gom∣mes. A better thinge can not be founde, and it were to geue or present to a Quene or Princesse.

TAke Lacca of grain,* 1.6 if you can get 〈◊〉〈◊〉, if not, take of the graine it selfe that is very good .x. partes, seuen partes of barley cakes or breade, so bur∣ned that they be brought to coales, Lignum aloe 〈◊〉〈◊〉. partes, fine pommeyse stone scoured and made clene in embers, and stieped or tempered in white wine, or in Vinaigre eight partes, dragons bloud three partes, roche Alome burned foure partes, honnye burned in a panne vntyll it be fyrste blacke, and than yelowe, three partes (and this may you do of the lees of honnye, that remayneth whan it is distilled, puttinge it in a panne, and settinge it in a glassemakers fournesse the space of a day or two) coles of the wood of rosemary, three par∣tes, fyne Synamom two partes, Bengewyne one part, Bole Armenick oriental, nine partes, white wine lees two partes, Aleblaster one part small pearles one part, the scrapynge of yuorye two partes, lyttle Quinces not rype, of the byggenesse of a Walnutte, or a little more, sixe partes. Nowe the best be those that be not come to perfection vpon the tree; the whiche you muste burne in the fyre, euen vnto coales, Mastir eighte partes. Let all these thinges be well stamped, and passed thorough a fine sarce, addinge thereto a lyttle Muske, and some Golde or Syluer foyle. This doone, you shall keepe the sayde poulder in some boxe well stopped, and so shall you haue a precious thynge. And whan you will occu∣pie

of it, wasshe your mouth well fyrst, with cleane wa¦ter, or wine, than rubbe your teeth with youre fingar, or some lynnen cloth, taking of the sayed poulder vpon it, and after washe your mouth well. Thus ofte doing, you shall alwayes haue your teeth very white, faste in your head, stronge and not hollowe.

To make a very excellente conserue to scoure the teeth, to comforte the gummes, and to make a swete and good breath.

BEcause the vse of the poulder to scoure teeth, seemeth lesse commodious, than some licoure or conserue, which agreeth better with the mouth, therefore we will write here a very excellent one, whiche hath not his like in the worlde, and must be made as foloweth. Take one part of syrop roset, two partes of the syrop of Myrtell, or of the woode called Lentiscus, out of the whiche commeth a gomme called Mastir, put this together in a cleane panne, than put to it of the saied poulder for the teeth, whereof we haue spoken in the Chapter before, so that al may be brought into softe paste or dowe, than set the little pan vpon & chafinge dishe, wherein must be some hote ashes, with a fewe embers, or elles at the leaste set it farre from the fyre, and make it boile sayre and softly, styrringe it al∣wayes, vntyll it be as thicke as honny or thicker: than take it frō the fyre, and put to some goldfoile and musk, what quantitie you will. And so shal you haue a singu∣ler thinge for to do this that I haue spoken of.

An aduertisement or lesson concerning the making of poul∣ders, and conserues for the teeth.

IF you wil make the said thinges as excellent as is pos¦sible, you must take of the said things as much as you may get: or if you cannot haue them al, take at the least the most excellent, as graine, pearles, Corall, yellowe Amber, Lignum aloes, Boale Armenick, also the coales of

Barley Cakes or loues whan they are burned, and all the other thinges be very good in it. And if you woulds geue it to some greate prince or lorde, which had rather haue it of a good colour, or would know the thinges in it, you may make it as is saied, of sewe thinges, with goldfoile and Muske. And he that wil make it with lesse cost, and a greater quantitie, may (with the thinges mē¦tioned in the chapter with the poulder) adde poulder of brickes, poulder of marble, Creuise or lopsters shelles burned, and a little white salte, the lees that remaineth in the bottome when men make stronge water, called Aqua fortes, is also very good, eyther by it selfe, or min∣gled with some other thinge, and soo shall you haue a greate deale of substaunce with small cost. And if a man wil make a conserue of litle charge, and without much labour, he must take rawe honnye, or honny roset, and mingle it with the said poulders, and so rubbe his teeth therwith, with his finger, or with a linnen clothe, and washe his mouth well after it. Doinge this euery eight dayes, he shall make his teeth very fayre and white. A thinge very good, and mete for euery man.

An excedinge white and good poulder to scoure the teeth, whiche is meeter for lordes and great men, then anye of the other before.

FYrst here is to be noted a goodly and notable secrete of great vertue, for to scoure and make white teeth, whiche is the pommeise stone alone, so that it be of that fyne and whyte stone, whiche shoemakers doo vse to whiten whyte leather Shoes, and well beaten in poul∣der: For in rubbinge youre teeth with the same poul∣der, if scoureth and maketh them cleane, and taketh a∣way all the roughnesse of theim, as men see by experi∣ence, that the pommeise stone is vsed to polysshe bones, marble, and other like thinges. I haue sene of my fren∣des, men of great iudgement and knowledge, whiche gaue nothinge vnto greate men and Lordes, but the

sayd poulder, whan it is well beaten in poulder, a man can not tell what it is: also you may geue it a little sa∣uour, layinge it amonge bagges of Muske and Amber, of whome it taketh an odour, and I haue seene men of estimation, that helde it for a thinge of greate impor∣taunce, when they sawe the vertue and operation of it. Nowe, if you will make a white poulder, more noble and more profitable for the teeth, and gommes, take small pearles stamped a lytle, or elles whole, and putte them in a dyshe, or in a wyde glasse: than take the iuyce of lemons or orenges, strayned thorough a linen cloth, at the leaste sixe or seuen times, and poure it vppon the saied Pearles, vntill it couer them ouer three or foure fingers high, and you shal see that in shorte space it wil beginne to boyle, and than couer it with some paper, or linnen cloth, leauinge it so three or foure dayes, and at the ende you shall finde the sayed pearles dissolued and molten in the iayde iuyce, and tourned into a paste as white as snowe, marye there will be a little yellowe skinne vppon it, engendred of the sayed suyce. This doen, take cleere well water, or the water of Lentiscus distilled, and poure it vpon the sayed paste, three or four fingers heighte aboue. Than take a little forke, or the steale of a syluer spone, or some thinne sticke, and styre the paste well aboute in the sayed water, lettinge it so stande, and finallye caste oute the water, and if you see yet anye of the yellowe, remayne vpon the saied paste, washe it againe, as before, and couer it with a paper, lettinge it so drye of it selfe, in the sunne. After this you shall take three partes of the saied paste, or whyte poul∣der, foure partes of white Pommeise stone, as is afore∣sayed, two partes of white Bengewine, one parte of Roche Alome well burned, one parte of white Corall, halfe a parte of white yuorye, halfe a parte of Alebla∣ster verie white. Breake and bruse all these well vpon a table of marble, or in a syluer cuppe, puttinge to it some siluer foile, and thus shall you haue a very whyte and excellente substaunce or matter to make your teeth

as white as snowe. And if you will, you waye put it to keepe in a conserue, with the syrope of Ceder, or honny Roset, or otherwise as you will. Also, if you will make the saied poulder verye redde, dresse it onelye with the Lacca of graine, and a lyttle redde corall. Nowe, because that in stampinge, it will waxe somewhat white, put to it a little Boale Armonicke, with a little of the iuyce of Dragons bloude, and also golde foile. You maye g••ue to all these saied poulders what odoure and sauour you will, but vnto the white poulder you may put no Musk nor Amber, nor any other suche drooges, for it woulde take awaye the whitenesse, but you maye putte it well ynoughe in a lyttle bagge amonge Muske, or other odours.

☞A distilled water, excellente for to make the teethe white immediatelye, and to preserue theym wonder∣fully.

TAke a pounde of the firste water distilled of honny, the whiche is white: than put it in a violl, with an vnce of commune white salte, halfe a pounde of raw roche Alome, an vnce of Salte Peter, halfe a poūde of y^e water of the leaues of Lentis∣cus, two vnces of Mastick, the heighte of twoo fingers of Vynaigre in a glasse, and as muche white wine: Distil all these thinges with a small fire, that they smell not of the smoke, nor any burninge: continuinge youre di∣stillation in suche sorte, that you be at the leaste foure and twenty houres in distillinge the whole, or elles you may make it distill in Balnee marie, whiche is the sureste of all. Nowe, you muste continue youre distillation so long, vntill there bee a moyst substaunce to come forth, and into the water that distilleth out, you shall put a li∣tle poulder of fine Synamom, a litle Lignum Aloes, and Boale Armonicke, for to geue it a redde colour, whiche many men like well: also for to geue it a strength and

odour, you shal put in rawe honny makinge it dissolue in the heate of the Sunne, for it is a thing good for the gummes, and geueth a good fauour to the water. Keepe this well as an excellent thing, and it were for a queene. And when you wyll occupie of it, washe well your mouth fyrst, and wipe youre teeth with a little piece of white linnen clothe, and than pike them wyth a tooth piker made of the woode Lentiscus, or some o∣ther thinge wette in the saied water, or with a lyttle clothe, rubbe them a lyttle, and incontinent you shall perceyue and feele it fasten and bynde youre gommes, and comforte your teeth making them faire and white. And he that loueth better the white then the redde, let him put no Synamom, Boale armonicke, nor Lignum Aloes into it, after it is distilled, but let hym put it in to destill with the other thinges, puttinge of eche of them as muche as there is of Masticke, and it shal be euen as excellent and as white as otherwyse.

☞Three aduertisementes or lessons of importaunce to kepe the teeth white and vncorrupt and also a swete breathe.

THe first is, he that vseth not to wasshe well hys mouth euer when he hath eaten his meales, shal I haue alwayes yelowe teeth & a stinking breath. The seconde is, he that slepeth with his mouth close, hath likewise an euyll breath, and foule teeth. The thirde is, that for to maintayne and kepe the teeth faire and white, and a sweete breath, when a man is layed is his hedde, and when he waketh in the mor∣nyng, it is good to purge well the breaste and throte, spitting out all that is gathered together that nyghte: which also is good for the stomacke and heade. And ha∣uing your teeth and breath warme take a lynnen cloth or the corner of the shete, and rubbe youre teeth well within and withoute, to take awaye the fumositie of the meate, and the yelownesse of the teeth gathered to∣gether in the night: for it is that, that maketh youre

teeth yelowe, and gommes redde, and corrupteth your breath. This is a verie necessarye thing to be knowen, and oughte well to be obserued: It is also good to eate euery mornynge some graynes of Masticke.

❀ A decoction to washe and scoure the mouth, to fasten lose teeth, to consolidate and make sounde the gommes, and to make the fleshe grow agayne if it were decayed or fallen awaye.

TAke halfe a glassefull of Vynaigre, and as muche water of Lentiscus, of Rosemarye, Myrrhe, Ma∣stick, Boale Armenicke, the moisture that distil∣leth out of Dragons bloude, Roche Alome burned, of eche of theim an vnce, ••ine Synamom halfe an vnce, well, riuer, or fountaine water, three glassefulles: min¦gle all well together, and let it boyle with a small fyre, addinge to it halfe a pounde of honny, takinge awaye the scumme of it, than put in a little Bengewine. And whan it hath boyled a quarter of an houre, take it from the fyre, and keepe it in a cleane vyole, and washe your teeth often times withall, as wel before, as after meat: and holdinge it a while in your mouth, it is verye good for the heade, and maketh a sweete breath. A thinge of great excellencie.

The ende of the fourth booke.

THE Secretes of the reuerende Master Alexis of Piemount.

THE FIFTE BOOKE.

☞To make perfyt Asure, such as commeth from beyond the seas.

TAke fyrste a pounde of Lapis La∣suli, spotted like Marble, and somewhat of the colloure of Asure, with some veynes of Golde, or greene, of the whiche you shall make this profe folo∣wynge. Take a little piece of it, and put it vpon hote coales, blowinge it with a payre of bellowes, the space of an houre, than let it coole agayne and touche it with your hande, if it breake, and vndoe lyke earth, it is nothinge worth, but if it abyde fyrme and harde together, and keepe his colour of Asure, it is good. Than take a pounde of the same, and breake it into small pieces, whiche you shall melte in the fyre the space of a good houre, blowinge it continuallye. This doen, take good Vyneygre distilled, in some kynde of vessell, wherein you shall quenche the sayed pieces, and let them drye: than take water made as foloweth. Take a panne leaded, and putte in it a quarte of cleere water, and a lytle rawe whyte honnye. Boyle it, and skymme it well, vntyll there be no more skumme, and so let it coole. Than take of Dragons bloude wel stam∣ped, the quantitie of a Walnutte, and wette it lyttle and little with the sayed water, and it beynge wel dipt, strayne it thorowe a linnen cloth, into some vessell lea∣ded. And you muste note, that the water may not be to rodde, nor to cleere, but betwene both, that is to saye, betwene cleere and redde, to the ende that the Asure

may take a Violette coloure. After this, braye well the sayde Lapis lasuli, so molten and burned, with the sayed water (as vermilleon is commonly brayed) by the space of an hour or more: thā assemble it together in a glasse, or some other vessell leaded, ample and large, drying it in the shadowe, and not in the Sunne: for it would lose his colour. And whan it is drye, beate it well to poul∣der, and keepe it in some cleane lynen cloth wel 〈◊〉〈◊〉 than make this past folowinge. Take two vnces of the cosin or gomme of a white pine tree, two vnces of Pi∣graeca two vnces of Mastick, two vnces of y^e oyle of line, two vnces of Turpentine, two vnces of newe Ware: stampe well that must be stamped, and cutte the Ware into small pieces, than put all in a newe panne, and boyle it till it come to his perfection, whiche maye be knowen, by castinge a droppe of it into cold water, and if in takinge it with your wette hande, it cleaue not to your hande, it is parfecte: and therfore you shal straine it thorowe some cleane cloth, into a vessell full of colde water, but this must you do while it is yet hote, for if it be cold, it will not straine, and leaue it so longe in the water, vntyll it be harde, than take it and set it to drye. Nowe, whan you will incorporate it with the poulder, do thus: Cut the sayde confection in smal pieces, which you shall put into some kettle tinned within, and set it so on the fyre, and whan it beginneth to bubble vp, put to it an vnce of the oyle of bytter Almondes, lettyng it so boyl the space of two Miserere, and in the meane time make ready your poulder of Lapis lasuli in a vessel, with some little sticke made for the purpose: than take the kettle, and poure it by little and lyttle, into the vessell vpon the sayed poulder, not ceassinge to sturre it al∣wayes with the lyttle sticke, vntill it be all well incor∣porated with the sayd poulder of Lapis lasuli, This doen let it cole, than annoinct your handes with oyle Oliue, and take the sayd substaunce, and tosse it vp and downe with youre handes, to thende to incorporate it well to¦gether. And after you haue broughte it to the fourme

and fashion of breade or paste, put it in a vessell leaded, and keepe it so the space of tenne dayes at the leaste.

And whan you will take out of it the Asure, make fyrst cleare lie, with the asshes of vynes, of the whiche you shall set a kettle full to the fyre, seethinge it as hote as you may endure your hande in it: than after, putte the saied confection or paste in a vessell leaded, and adde to it as muche of the saied lie as you shall thinke good.

Than styre the saied substaunce fayre and softlye, vn∣tyll you see the Asure come out, and whan you see it is∣sued out, poure the saied lie with the Asure into a ves∣sell leaded, of the which vesselles you must haue a good nomber, than put to it againe of the other hote lie, do∣inge as before, puttinge it afterward againe into ano∣ther vessell, and do thus vntill there be no more Asure. And here you muste note, that of a pounde of Lapis lasuli if it be fine, there is loste but an vnce, and is had oute of it in the whole, eleuen vnces, that is to say: fiue vnces of good and fine, three vnces of a mean sorte, and three vnces of courser. The fine is worth at the leaste twoo crownes and a halfe the vnce, the meane, a crowne an vnce, and the other halfe a crowne. Nowe, after you haue gotten out all the Asure, loke well whiche is like the one the other, for to put eche of them by them selues into three partes, as we haue saied. Than washe it wel with fayre and cleere lye, pouringe it out of one vessell into another, vntil it be come to a good colour, and pu∣rified from all ordure and fylth. And whan you thinke it is cleane inough, drie itin the shadowe, in a chaum∣ber, and whan it is drie, take a glassefull of fine Aqua vite, and stiepe in it a little good brasill, & than trimme and dresse your Asure with the same Aqua vite, and let it drie, continuinge so the space of three dayes, vntil the Asure be participant, and haue taken parte of suche ly∣coure, and than it shall be of an excellent fyne coloure. Keepe eche sort by it selfe in bagges of leather well so∣wed and bounde.

☞To make a fyne confection of graine, called Laeca of grayne.

TAke a pounde of the shearinge of scarlette, and put it in a newe panne full of lie that is not to stronge, and boyle it vntyll the lie take the cou∣lour of it. This doen, take a bagge, large and wyde aboue, and narrowe poincted beneth, whereinto you shall powre the sayed shearing of scarlette, and the lye, setting a vessell vnderneth, than wringe and presse the bagge harde, that all the substaunce, and all the co∣loure may straine and dreane out, after that washe the shearinge and the bagge, in the vessel where the colour is. And if you thinke that the shearinge hath yet more colour in it, boyle it againe with other lie, ordring it as before. This done, you shall heate the sayed couloured lye vpon the fire, but let it not boile, and you must haue ready vpon the fyre some cleane pan, with cleane wa∣ter, into the whiche beinge hote, you shall put .v. vnces of Roche Alome, beaten to poulder. And as sone as you see it dissolue, take a bagge, like vnto the fyrste, and whan the coloure is hote, take it from the fyre, and put into it Alome, and caste all so together into the bagge, settynge vnder it some vessell leaded, and loke yf vnder∣neth the coloure come out redde, than take hote water and poure it into the bagge, with all the reste that was strained out of it, into the saied vessell vnder the bagge, and poure that so often, whiche shall straine and renne out vnderneth, vntill the licour that shall issue oute, be no more redde, but cleere as lye: hauinge thus strained all the water, the coloure will remaine in the bagge, which you shal vndoe and seuer a sonder with a sclyse of wood, putting it downe to the bottome of the bagge, and bringe it al into a masse, or lumpe, or into little ta∣blettes, or into what fourme you will, and than drie it vpon a newe cleane pauinge tyle, in the shadow, with∣in your house, or elles abroade where no sunne shineth. And so shall you haue an excellent thinge of it.

To dye bones into a greene colour.

TAke a panne full of cleare water, and put into it a good greate piece of quicke lyme, leauinge it so the space of a daye. The next daye morninge mingle it well together with a sticke, and so let it reste, and at none styrre it agayne, and likewise at night. The nexte mor∣ninge folowinge, you shall straine it cleane oute and kepe it, in the meane time haue the bones that you will die in a readinesse, and boile them well in other com∣mon water, wherein Roche Alome hath ben dissolued, and whan it hath boyled a good space, you shall take them out, and let them drie, than scrape them wel with a knife, and put them into the sayde lime water, and addinge to it some Verdegrise, you shall let them seeth well, and than take them out. And after you haue wy∣ped and dried them, do with them what ye will, for thei will be very fayre: And in stede of the saied lyme water you may vse pisse, whiche wyll be of the like operation.

Another maner howe to die bones, or Iuorye, into the coloure of an Emeraude.

TAke Aqua fortis separatiua, and put therin to fret and dissolue, as muche copper or brasse, as the water is hable with her force to dissolue and leuse: this doen, put in what peece of woorke you will, beynge fyrste cutte in the fourme that you will haue it, as beftes for kniues, penkniues, ynckhornes, images, or anye other thinge to youre fantasie, leaue them in it the space of a night, and thei shall be of the colour of an Emerande. Nowe, if in steede of copper or brasse, you didde put in Syluer, it woulde be the better.

☞To die bones redde, blewe, or of anye coloure you wyll.

FIrste boyle your bones in Alome wa∣ter, than take quicke lyme water, or pisse, and in this water or pysse, you shall put Brasyll, Azur, or an herbe called Rub••a, which the Apoticaries call Rubramaior, and Rubra tinctorum, or Rubea tinctorum, wherewith they coloure wolle or skinnes, in Englishe Chickweede, or what other colour you wyll, and than seeth your bones or Iuozie therein, and they wyll take suche coloure as you put in.

❀A very goodlie secrete to dye or colour woode, of what colour a man will, which some Ioyners do vse that make tables and other thinges of diuers colours, and do esteme it amonge them selues to be of suche excellencie, that one brother will not teache it another.

TAke early in the morninge, newe and freshe horse donge, made that night, and take of the moysteste ye can gette, with the strawe or lytter and al, and laye vpon some little stickes layde a crosse one ouer∣thwart another, and set some vessell vnderneth, for to receaue that shall droppe or fall from the sayde donge. And yf you can not haue inough in one morninge, doe the like two or three times, or as ofte as you wyll: than whan you haue wel dreamed out the water of this dong you shall put into euery pot of the sayed water, the big∣nesse of a beane of Roche Alome, and as much gomme Arabick. Than stiepe what colour you will in it, vsing dyuers vessels, if you will haue diuers colours, and put in what pieces of wood you will, holdinge them at the fyre, or in the Sunne: and at eche tyme plucke out some pieces and laye them apart, leauinge the other in, for the lenger ye let them lie in the water, the more wyll the colour alter. And in this manner you shall haue a greate quantitie of diuers colours, the one cleerer, the other darker, and maye vse it to youre commoditie, so

what vse you list, for they shall be coloured both within and withoute, so that they will neuer lose theyr colour, neither by water or any other thinge.

☞To counterfeyte the blacke woode called Hebenus, or Hebenum, and to make it as fayre as the naturall Hebene, which groweth no where but in India.

ALl kynde of woode that is lyke vnto this Hebene, may be dyed black: but the hardest and the massiuest (as boxe and other lyke) are meetest for it,* 1.7 and will be bryghter, and aboue all, the wood of a Mulbery tree, as well the white as the blacke, is the beste to be couloured, albeit the blacke be muche more for the pur∣pose. Take than the saied wood, and let it lye the space of three dayes in Alome water, either in the Sunne, or a pretye waye of frome the fyre, vntill the water waxe somewhat warme: than take oyle Oliue, or Oyle of lyne seede, and put it in a little panne, wherein is the bygnesse of a nutte, of Romaine Vitriole, and as much Brymstone. This doen, seeth your woode in the sayde Oile a certaine space, and so shal you haue a thinge ve∣ry darke of colour. And the lenger you let it boile, the blacker it will waxe, but to much boylinge burneth it, and maketh it bryttle, therfore both in thone and other you must be circumspecte, and vse discretion.

To die skynnes blewe, or of the colour of Asure.

HAuinge fyrst well washed the skinne, and than wronge him, take the berries of wal∣wort, and elder berries, and seeth them in water, wherein Roche Alome was dissol∣ued, passe him once thorowe this water, & let him drie, than passe him again thorow the same wa∣ter, and being wiped and dried againe, wash him with

cleere water, than scrape out that water with the back of a knife, & once again passe it ouer w^t the same colour, and let it dry, so shal it be of a very blew or Asur colour.

To die skinnes in chickweede, called in latin Rubra ma∣iore, or Rubra tinctorum, into a redde colour.

HAuing anoincted, washed, wronge, & layd abroad the skin, as is aforesaied, wete it with water that white wine lees and baye salt hath ben boiled in, and than wring him. Take than cre∣uises or crabbe shelles (be they of the sea or of the riuer) burned into ashes, the whiche you shall temper with the said water of the lees and salt, and rubbe well the skinne therwith, than washe him well with cleere water, and wringe hym. This done, take ruddle tempered in water of lees, and rubbe the skinne well ouer and ouer with it, and than with the foresayde ashes, wasshinge, and wringinge it thre times. Finallye, after you haue wasshed him, and wronge him, if you thinke it be not well ynoughe, you shall geue him one dienge with Brasyll. The paste or masse of Rubra tinctorum, must be made with water that lees or tartre hath bene boiled in, and the sayed water must be luke warme, whan you make the paste of rud∣dle, than leaue it so the space of a night. After this, put vpon the sayd Rubra tinctorum, a lyttle Alome, dragges, or lees, or Alome catinum, stieped in water. You maye also adde to it the colour of the shearing of scarlet, whi∣che hath bene taken oute boylinge in lye, whiche is a goodly secrete.

To die skinnes Greene.* 1.8

ANnoint the skinne, and wash him well with cold water, and than in hote water, and so wipe & drie him. This doen, take of the graines wherw^t men

the sappe (the decoction wherof shall be put in thende of this boke, with them of all other necessary thinges) and the sayde graynes or berries muste be verye rype, than put them in cleare water, couered a fingar heigth, put therein also Roche Alome, and geue theim onelye one wawlme on the fyre. This doen, strayne them out into some vessell, than take the skinne, and folde him in the middle, rubbinge him well on both sydes, with the said sodden graines, or berries, whiche remaine in the pan, and after with rawe Alome poulder. This doen, take the ashes of shepes donge burned, and wete it with the saied coloure that you strained into the sayde vessell, and rubbe the skinne wel on euery side, than cleere him againe of the saied graines, and washe him with cleere water, and set him to drie withoute wipinge him. Fy∣nally cast on him two glassefulles of the sayde coloure, and it will be a perfecte greene.

Another waye to dye skinnes greene.

LEtte the skinne be annoincted, well wasshed, wronge, and stretched oute as before, than take of the same grai∣nes and berries ye toke before, which you shall stampe and seeth in Roche Alome water, and geue the skynne twoo wypes ouer with this coloure, and so let it dry. After this you shal geue him one dying or colouringe of yellowe, made with the graynes, or berries of Nerprum, sodden in water and Alome, and a lyttle Saffron, and you shall haue an excellent greene.

❀To die the sayde skinnes greene another waye.

TAke the skinne, being annoincted, wasshed, and spredde abroade, dye and coloure him with the coloure made of sap greene, and put to it a few asshes wette in water, and so rubbe the skinne

all about. And whan you haue washed and wyped hym againe, geue him one wype ouer with and Indian co∣loure sodden in Roche Alome. And whan it is drye, lay on it of the foresayde yellow, and you shall haue a fayre and liuely greene.

☞Another waye to dye skinnes of Asure coloure, and fayre.

TAke the skinnes of blacke grapes, and rubbe well your leather with all, vntill it waxe some∣what blewe, and alsoo rubbe it well with the poulder of Indicum, then washe it, drye, and po∣lyshe it. Than stiepe the Indicum in thicke redde wyne: and whan the skynne is washed, annoinct him with it, and you shall haue a fayre skinne asured blewe.

¶Another maner to dye skinnes Greene.

TAke rype elder berries, and the berries of wal∣wort, and of sappe greene, and this well stam∣ped, you shall put to it Roche Alome, as muche as you shall thinke good, but rather to muche than to little: than take the lye, and put into it the saied berries of sappe greene, and seeth them one waulme.

This doen, put in the berries of the walwort, or elder, and make them seeth also one waulme, than take them from the fyre, and let them coole, and after rubbe the skinnes with theim. Finallye, ye shall cast vpon them, the ashes of sheepes donge, rubbinge them well with it. After this, geue theim the couloured water that the saied graines or berries were sodden in, than take of the water with a curryers knyfe, and let them drye. And yf you nede to geue theim more coloure, than you maye put in more Indicum boyled, and it wyll be the better.

☞To die neates leather into a greene colour, as well in galle as in leaues.

POlyshe well the leather with a pom∣meyse stone, annointe it well with oyle, and washe it: than take an vnce or two of galles stamped, and put it in hote water, leauing it so an hour, than straine it thorow a linen cloth, and put the leather into the same wa¦ter, rubbinge it well with your handes, and leaue it so the space of an houre: and hauinge taken it out, wring it, and stretch it abroad, & tight it. Than take the grai∣nes or berries of Nerprum, gathered in Iuly, whan thei be yet greene: drie them, and stampe them well, adding therto for euery skinne, two vnces of Roche Alom bea∣ten in poulder, and mingled with the poulder of y^• saied berries or graines. Than powre vpon the sayd poulder boylinge water, and let it coole, this doen, poure of the sayd water with the said graines vpon the skinne, rub∣binge it well ouer with the palme of youre hande, than stiep the ashes of goates donge, in the water of the said graines, and with the same water rubbe likewise the skin well with youre hande, after this washe him, and scrape out the water with a tanners paring knife, than tight him out, and take other ripe gaines of sap grene and set them to seeth, hole, in water with Roch Alom, and afterwarde let them coole. Than take of the sayde sodden berries or graines, and rub the skin with theim with your handes, and put of the ashes vpon it, which you shall stiep in the same greene water, that the sayed berries were sodden in. Finallye, you shall wasshe the skin, and take out the water with a scraping knife, thā you shall geue it a course ouer of the saied grene water with a brush or clout meet for such a purpose: And than lay him to drie, and trim him, and you shall haue a fair grene. If you will haue the coloure darcker, or sadder, whan you set the said graines to seeth with the Alom,

you shall put to it a little Indicum well brayed. And you must note, that the water must be hote whan you stiepe the ashes in it, with the water of the graines of Nerprū.

¶To die skines greene with the flowres of Ireos.

TAke the fresshe flowres of Raphanitis,* 1.9 or Ireos, and stampe them well, than take the drie graines or ber¦ries of Nerprum, and with them stampe roche Alome, a reasonable quantitie, whereof a greate deale can do no hurte: put to it a little raine water, and mingle all this with the foresayd flowres stamped. Kepe this colour in some clene vessel, and than take the skinnes, being an∣nointed, and washed as is aforsaid, and put to them the graines of sap grene with the ponlder, in the same ma∣ner that we haue spoken of the other: washe them, and scrape of the water with a knife, and so let them drye, and geue them one wipe ouer finely with the sayed co∣lour that you kept, let them drie again, then dresse them according to the science, and you shal haue fair leather.

❀To die bones in a turkishe or redde colour.

ALl kinde of bones may well be died and coloured, but hartes horne is farre better then anye other. Take than what bone you will, & shape him into what forme you please, and pullish him, and then boyle him in Roche Alome water a good while, letting him after¦ward drie, than take good grene, and stiep it in goates pisse, and put it in some copper or brasen vessell, well couered, and hide it vnder a dongehil the space of .xv. or xx. dayes, and then shall you finde it verye fayre. You may make the like also with the brine of a man in stede of the goates pysse. And for to make it redde, put in Ci∣nabrium, or Brasyll, in steade of greene: but than you must put it in some vessell of wood or glasse, and not of copper nor brasse.

To die hogges brystels and other things, for to make rubbers and brusshes.

FIrste wash well the brystels, thē take water wherin Roche Alom hath ben boyled, and put the sayd bristels ther∣in, and let them lye vntill they take a coloure somewhat yellow: than take Chickeweede well stamped, and put it in Vyneaygre. Afterwarde sette a kettle with cleere water on the fyre, wherinto you shal caste the saied Chickeweede, with the Vyneaygre and all, and whan it beginneth to boyle, cast in the brystels, and let them seeth but a very lyttle whyle, than take of the kettle from the fyre, and let it coole, and so shall you haue your bristels of an excellent good colour.

☞To dye the saied bristels yellowe, greene, or blewe, or any other colour.

FIrste you must wasshe them, and let theym boyle in Alome water, as the other before: than take Ligustrum, and saffron, if you will haue them yellowe. Indicum, or the iuyce of elder berries, or walwort, or els of the flow¦ers of Ireos, if you will haue them blew. If you wil haue them greene, take paynters greene, and dresse them as is aboue saied, assayinge sometime if the coloure please you. And by this meanes you maye dye theim what co∣lour you liste.

☞To make a purple, whiche is a coloure wherewith men vse to make a coloure lyke golde, for to paynte and wryte with.

MElt a pounde of fine tinne, and melted as it is, take it from the fire, and put into it. viij or ten vnces of quicke Siluer, mingle well all together vntil it be like as it were dow: than take a pounde of Brimstone, and a pounde of Armoniacke salte well brayed. Incorporate

all this with the sayde dowe of the Tinne and Quicke Syluer, and braye them well together in a morter, or other vessell of wood, or stone, and not of Brasse. Than put al this composition into some violl, which muste be well luted or clayed about the mouth, or so emplaistred that the clayinge or lutinge be higher than the violle a finger height or twayne. Than afterwarde set it so v∣pon the fourneis, makinge to it a slowe fyre at the first, and after a little bygger, and so you shal maynteyne it, styrringe at tymes with a little sticke that whiche is in the glasse. And whan you see that it wil make a yellow colour, take it from the fyre, and let it coole, and so shall you haue a very fayre purple coloure lyke the colour of golde: Afterwarde braye it with lie, and washe it with pisse, or lie, addinge to it a little Saffron, and stiepe it with gommed water, as you shall see hereafter moore playnely.

☞To make Lacca of Brasyll.

TAke twoo pailes full of stronge lie, and put in it a pounde of the shearing of sine scarlette, and let it boyle vntill the saied shearinge be all together dissolued and consumed into water: than after poure it into some vessell of wood or stone, and caste into it by little and little, a pounde of Roch Alom, minglinge it well with a sclyser of wood, and poure al∣so to it, by little and little, two payles full of colde wa∣ter. And after put it in a straininge bagge, and lette it dreane / and trickle out, then put that remayneth in the bagge into some vessell of glasse. This doen, you shall set on the fyre a pounde of Verzine or Brasill cutte in pieces into a payle full of lye, and let it seeth vntill it be diminished the thicknes of a finger, than straine it in a∣nother bagge, and let the water that commeth oute be set againe on the fyre, with an vnce of gomme Arabick made in poulder, and let it seeth vntyll it be diminished

halfe a singer: then powre it vpon the sayed compositi∣on, that you did put into the vessel of glasse, minglinge well all together with a wodden sclyser, than put it in a bagge, and strame it well. The dowe of Verzine wil remayne in the bagge, whereof you may make rounde apples or balles, and drye them in the shadowe, and it will be parfite.

☞To make white tables to wryte in with the poynt of a wyre, suche as come out of Germany.

TAke plaister called Gipsum, cribled and sifted, and stiepe it, and temper it with hartes glue, or other, and geue your parchment leafe one touch with it, and whan it is dry, scrape it, that it may be euen and bryght, and couer it ouer againe with the sayed plaister, called Gypsum, and scrape it as before: than take Ceruse, well brayed and sifted, and stiepe it with the Oyle of line seed sodden: Annoint your tables with this mixtion, and let it drye in the shadowe, the space of fiue or sixe dayes. This doen, take a cloute, or linnen cloth wete in water, wherewith you shall flicke and make smoeth the saied tables, but the cloth muste fyrste be wronge hard, and the water pressed oute, then leaue it so the space of .xv. or .xx. dayes, vntill it be tho¦rowe drye, than applie it to your vse.

☞To make roset, or ruddle.

TAke an vnce of Brasill broken small, a quarter of an vnce of Ceruse, and a quarter of an vnce of Roche Alome, mixe all these thinges well to¦gether, and stampe them well, than poure pysse vpon them, vntil they be al couered with it, leauinge it so the space of. iii. dayes, and mixing it. iii. or. iiii. times a day. Afterward straine it thorowe a linnen cloth, and put it in a pan not leaded, or in a morter of white stone and let it drie in a place where there commeth neyther

Sunne nor day lyght: than scrape the saied roset, and kepe it, and whan you will write withall, stiepe it in gommed water.

☞To gylt ouer parchement, leather or other such work, which men vse in steade of hanginges, or tapistry.

TAke thre pounde of the Oyle of lyne, Vernix, Pix¦graeca, of eche a pound, halfe an vnce of Saffron poulder. Boyle all this in a panne leaded, so muche, and soo longe, that puttinge into it a hennes feather, and taking it by and by out agayne, it seeme as it were burned. Than take it from the fyre, and take a pound of Aloe epaticum, of the best, well made in poulder, and caste it in by little and little, styrringe it incontinent well together with a stronge sticke: for o∣therwise it woulde swell and ryse vp a lofte. And yf in case for al the styrringe it rise vp, take it of the fyre, and let it stande a while, and than set it en the fyre agayne, makinge it boyle a new, styrring it alwayes diligently. And whan all is well incorporated together, take it frō the fyre, and let it rest a while, than straine it thorowe a linnen cloth, into some other vessell wherein you will kepe it, and it is made. Nowe, if in steade of Saffron, ye did put to it of the yellowe seed which is in the flowres of Lillies, you shall make it muche better and fai∣rer. Whan you will gylte the parchemente, you shall geue it a grounde or situation with the white of an Egge, or Gomme, wherevpon you shall laye siluer or tinne leaues, but it shall not be so fayre with the leaues of tinne, as with syluer. Than lay the sayde Vernix hote vpon the parchement, or leather siluered, and you shall see immediately a coloure of golde very fayre. Lette it drye wel in the Sunne, and print it, than paynt it with what colour you wyll.

☞To dye Crimson sylke.

FIrste cutte in s••nder, or scrape harde Sope small, and melte it in common water, than take your sylke in a lyn∣nen bagge, or of fyne canuesse and thynne, and put it into a kettle with the sayde water & Sope. Let it bosle halfe an howre, slyrringe it that it cleaue not to the kettle, then take it out, and washe it in salt water, and after in fresh water. Take also for eue∣ry pounde of Silke, a pounde or more of Roche Alome alayde in colde water, and see there be water ynough, into the whiche you shall put the sayde sylke withoute any bagge, and without settinge it on the fyre, leauing it so the space of eyghte houres: than take it oute and washe it in freshe water, and after in salte water, then agayne in freshe water, and let it not drye, but putte it wete as it is in a kettle with the Crimsen, well stam∣ped and systed, that is to saye, three vnces for euerye pounde of sylke. If you will haue the sylke of a higher colour, take foure vnces of it, and boyle it in as muche water as will couer the sylke, and that the water be a∣boue it foure or fiue fyngers high, and for eche pounde of the sayde Crimsen, you shall putte in three vnces of small galles of Istria, well beaten into poulder: or in stede of them, you may put in halfe an vnce of Arsenick Cristaline, for euery pounde, whiche wyl make the co∣lour fayrer, but it is daungerous because of the smoke, and all incenueniences that maye happen, where suche water maye fall. And whan it beginneth to boyle, put into it your Sylke, prepared and ordered as is afore∣sayed, and let it boyle a quarter of an houre. Finallye take it of, and lette it drye in the shadowe, and you shal haue an excellent thinge.

To prepare and trymme Brasyll, for to make of it four diuers colours.

PVt Brasyll in as muche cleare water as ye will, and seeth it vntill it be diminished of the thyrde parte, or at the leaste vntyll the colour please you, that is to saye, that it be very redde, then deuide this colour into. iiii partes: and if of one of the partes you will make roset, put nothing to it, for the colour will be suche of it selfe. If you will make the other part blewe, put to a lyttle Lime water, and you shall haue very fayre blew: mary the Brasyll muste be luke warme. If you will make it Violet, put lye to it: but if tawny, you shall putte to it Alumen fecis.

☞To make roset of Brasyll another waye.

TAke a potte of water, and put in it the bygge∣nesse of a Walnutte of vnsleaked Lyme, lea∣uinge it so the space of a nighte, then take as muche Brasyll, brused and broken, as will fyll the vessell, that you wyll boyle it in, halfe full: than poure into it the sayed water with the Lyme wel strai∣ned, and lette it so stiepe in the sayed water, the space of foure howres, makinge it afterwarde boyle vntyl it be come to halfe, than howe downe faire and softly the ves¦sell that you boiled it in, and drawe oute the coloure in∣to some other cleane vessell, puttynge to it the quantite of a Cyche Pease of Roche Alome, well brayed, and putte it in whan it is verye hote: than shall you haue a goodly thinge to do withall what you will. If you wyll wryte with it, adde to it a little Comme water. If you wyll make it Blewe, putte to it three vnces of Lye, more or lesse, into a vessell, and you shall haue a very sayre blewe.

☞To make beyonde sea Asure, without Lapis La••uli.

TAke an vnce of Siluer, calcined or burned with Aqua fortis, and an vnce and a halfe of salt Armo¦niack, mixe all well together with vynayger, and lette it clarifie a lyttle. If the Vynayger be more than the sayd thinges, take away that is to much, and put the rest in a vessell well leaded, and well stopte, that the substaunce haue no vente oute, leauinge it so xxv. dayes, and at the ende you shall finde verye fayre Asure.

☞To make a grene colour to write or paynt with.

TAke Verdegrise, Litarge, Quicke Syluer, and braye all this together with the pisse of a younge chylde: and than write or painte with it, and you shall see an excellent colour, as it were an Emeraulde.

☞To braye fyne golde, wherewith a man maye write, or paynt with a pensyll.

TAke golde leaues beaten, and foure droppes of hony: mixe it wel together, and put it in a glasse. And whan you wyll occupie it, stiepe and temper it in Gommed water, and it will be good.

☞The same another waye.

TAke as muche as you will of the leaues of golde or syluer beaten, and laye it abroade in a large cuppe or glasse, as euen as you can, and wette it with cleare water, than braye it with your fin∣gar, wetinge sometyme your fyngar, but spreade it not to muche abroade in brayinge it, and continue thus do∣ynge vntill it be well broken, puttinge vnto it alwayes water. And whan you thinke it is broken and brayed ynoughe, fill the cuppe with cleane freshe water, and styrre it well, than let it repose halfe an houre: After this strayne the water, and you shall finde the golde in

the bottome of the cuppe, the whiche you maye drie at youre pleasure. Whan you wyll putte it in 〈◊〉〈◊〉, stiepe and temper it with Gommed water: also you must kepe it well couered, that it take no fylth. This is the beste waye that is, to make brayed or pow••••ed Golde.

☞Another waye with Purpurine.

TAke Purpurine, which you shall fynde to be sold, or that you haue made youre selfe in the manner aforesayde, than put it in a dysh, with pysse or lie, and dippe it well with your fingar little and lyttle: af∣terwarde fyll the dyshe with pysse or lie, and let all setle downe into the bottome. This doen, styrre it agayne, chaunging often the sayd lie, vntill all be as you would haue it, and finelye beynge broken and pounned, and that the last pysse or lye be as cleare as whan you dydde put it in, and after you haue strained it oute, you shall put to it a lyttle Saffron, and temper it with Gommed water. Than maye you wryte, paynt, or do any thinge elles with it.

¶To make a grounde to gylt vpon, with burnished golde.

TAke Gipsum, the quantitie of a Walnut, Boale Armenicke, the byggenesse of a Beane, Aloehepa¦ticke, Sugre candy, of eche of theim the quantitie of a Beane, stampe them by them selues, and puttinge the one vpon the other, you shall put to it laste of all a little Ciuette, or honny.

☞To laye or settle golde with a single grounde.

TAke fine Gipsum, Aloe Epaticum, Boale Armenick of eche like quantitie, and temper it with the whites of new layd egges, which you haue strai∣ned thorow a linen cloth, & if your ground be to stronge

you maye temper it with water.

❀Another waye to laye on golde.

TAke Gommed water, and with the same onely put golde, and the sayed grounde will be good vpon parchemente, or vppon skinnes, the lyke maye you make with the whites of newe layed Egges, and with the milke of figges alone.

To make colours of all kynde of metalles.

TAke Cristall, or paragon stone, and braye it well with the white of an Egge, and than write with it, and whan it is drye, rubbe the writynge with golde, or any other metall, and you shall haue the same coloure that the metall is of.

To laye golde on a blacke bottome or grounde.

TAke the smoke of a Lampe, and powne or braye it well with the Oyle of line, or of Walnuttes. And whan you will laye the golde vpon the sayd ground, se that it be neither to moist nor to drye.

☞To make letters of the colour of golde, without golde.

TAke an vnce of Orpimente, and an vnce of fyne Cristall, and braye theim eche one by him selfe, than mingle theim together with the whites of Egges, and wryte with it.

❀To make syluer letters without syluer.

TAke an vnce of Tynne, two vnces of quicke syluer, and melte theim together, than braye theim with Gommed water, and write with it.

❀To make greene letters.

TAke the iuyce of Rue, Verdegrise, and Saffron•• braye them well all together, and wryte therewith with Gommed water.

To make white letters in a blacke feilde.

TAke the pure mylke of a fygge tree, in a glasse, and set it in the sunne the space of halfe an hour: than alaye it, or temper it with Gommed water, whan you will occupie it. And whan you haue written with it blacke the paper with incke, as muche as you wyll if the paper be greate: and whan it is drye, rubbe it well with a linnen cloth. Than the letters that you made with the mylke of the fygge tree, will go of all to gether, and the paper wyll remayne written white, be∣cause it was kept and preserued by the same mylk, from the yncke, where the letters were. The lyke maye you make with the yelke of an Egge, tempered in water, with the whiche you maye wryte also: And whan the writinge is drye, rubbe wel the paper ouer with incke, as before. And whan it is drye, rubbe the sayde letter, made with the yelke of the Egge, with some lynnen cloth or knyfe, and they will goo of, and leaue a whyte space, whereby you shall haue fayre white letters in a blacke paper.

To make a greene colour for to write and paynt withall.

TAke greene byse, and stiepe it alone in Vynaigre, and passe it thorowe a linnen cloth, and braye it well vpon a Porphire stone, with cleare water, and put to it, in brayinge it, a little honny, and lette it d••e well, than braye it againe wel with Gommed wa∣ter, and it will be perfecte.

☞To trimme and dresse Asure.

AZure is brayed with hony, as greene, but ye nede not purge it otherwise: temper it with y^e whites of Egges beaten, or with the water of glewe, and not of Gomme. The water of glewe, is made with parchement glew, cleare and mollified, and strai∣ned as Gomme is.

☞To dresse or trimme Cinabrium, for to wryte or paynt with.

BRay well the Cinabrium vppon a Por∣phyre stone, with cleare condite wa∣ter, than let it drie, and putte it in an ynckehorne, or glasse, but it is better in an inckhorne in winter. After this poure pisse into it, minglinge it well together, and leauinge it so vntyll nyght, vntyll all the Cinabrium be gone to the bottome: than chaunge the pysse, and do as before, leauinge it so vntyll the nexte morninge, chaunginge so the vrine or pysse foure or fyue dayes, vntyl al be wel purged. Than take the white of an Egge well beaten, vntyll it be brought into cleare water, whiche you shal poure vpon the Cinabrium, so that it be more than a fingar aboue it: After mixe well al together with some sticke of a Wal∣nutte tree, or elles with some little bone, than lette the Cinabrium descende downe to the bottome, and do with this as before with the pysse, the space of two or three dayes, and this will take awaye all the sauoure of the pisse. This doen, ye shal put another whyte of an Egge and mingle all well together, and than it will be per∣fyt: you must kepe it well stopped. At euerye time that you will occupie of it, styrre it well: and whan the white of the Egge is so dressed, as is declared, it neuer corrupteth.

☞A grounde to laye golde vpon anye mettall or yron.

TAke Vernix liquida, a pounde, Turpentine, Oyle of lyne, of eche of theym an vnce: myre well all to∣gether, and it is made.

☞To gylte the edges of bookes.

TAke the quantitie of a Walnut of Boale Arme∣nicke, the byggenesse of a Cyche pease of Sugre Candye: braye them drye the one with the other, and putte to it a little of the white of an Egge well bea¦ten, than mingle well all together. This doen, take the booke that you will gylte, whiche muste be wel bound, well glewed, euen cutte, and well polished, set him fast in the presse, and that as euen and as righte as you can possible. Then with a pensill geue him a wype ouer with the white of an Egge well beaten, and let it drye, than geue him also another with the sayd composition. And whan it is well dryed, scrape it, and pollish it wel. Last of all when you will laye on the Golde, wette the sayde edges with a little cleare water, with a pensill, and than incontinent put on the golde leaues, cutte in that biggenesse they ought to be, and whan it is drye, pollyshe it with a dogges tothe. This doen, you maye make what worke you will vpon it.

☞To kepe whites of egges as longe as a man will with∣out corruptinge, and without putting Arsenick to it. A secrete not muche knowen.

TAke the whites of Egges, not breakinge them in any wise, and put to them as muche white Vyn∣aygre as shall suffise, that is to saye, a reasonable quantitie, leaue it so the space of twoo dayes, than passe it thorow some linnen cloth, without breakinge or bea∣tynge the white of the Egges, leauinge it so the space of eight dayes, than strayne it agayne, and put it in a violle well stopped, for to occupy whan you haue nede.

❀ The maner howe to make the grounde or foundation for Indicum.

TAke Gomme Armoniacke three partes, Gomme Arabick one parte, Serapinum, a fourth part, stiepe these in Vynaygre, vntyll they be very softe, than mixe them well, and straine them thorow a linen cloth, and it wyll be verye good to occupye whan you haue neede.

Another perfyt grounde for the same thinge.

TAke Gomme Armoniack an vnce, Gomme Ara∣bicke thre vnces, and stiepe it in Vyneaygre the space of a daye and a nighte, than take the bigge∣nesse of a Walnutte of good yellowe Honnye, and a Garlyke heade, well pilled and made cleane, and well stamped. Boyle all these thinges together in stronge Vynaigre, puttinge to it a little Aloe Epatic, and lette it boyle a good while, than straine it thorow a linen cloth and wringe out well all the substaunce of it. And if you thinke it be liquide or soft, or to cleare, boile it agayne, vntill you thinke it is thicke inoughe, than kepe it in a glasse, or vessell of earth leaded, or of bone. Whan you wil gilt any thinge, anoint it fyrst with this compositi∣on, with a pensill, and rub it wel, so that the ingra••ing be not filled, & leaue it so as long as you wil: than, whā you will lay on the leaues of gold, blowe a little youre breath vpon the saied foundation or ground, and set on the saied leaues of gold, disposing and orderinge theim as is requisite, pressing them wel downe with a pensil, or with a little wol or bombase, and than shal you haue a very excellente giltyng.

☞A goodlye waye howe to make Golde and Syluer in poulder, a thinge easye to be done, and there wyll come of it an excellent coloure. This is a verye rare se∣crete, whiche hath not bene vsed nor knowen vntyll this present.

TAke leaues of golde a crowne weighte, or as muche as you will, and set it to the fyre in some little cleane pan or pipkin, and in another vessell you shall put foure times as muche in weighte of quicke siluer, a good waye of from the fyre, so that it may but onely warme a litle, for otherwise it mighte vanishe awaye. Let not the leaues of golde take so muche heate, that thei melt, but let them waxe almost redde. This doen, take them from the fyre, and the quicke syluer lykewise, whiche you shall poure hote vpon the leaues of golde, and in∣continent mingle them well together with a litle stick, the space of a Paternoster, and poure it afterwarde into a dyshe full of cleere water, and you shall haue a dowe of the saied golde and quicke syluer, but the coloure of the golde will be so darkened and obscure, that a man shall perceaue and see nothinge at all. And this is the dowe that the Goldsmythes call Amalgama, and the lear¦ned men Malagma, whiche is a Greke word, and being corrupted of the Arabians, was chaunged into Amalga∣ma. Also you may make this colde, in brayinge the lea∣ues a good whyle with the quicke syluer vppon a Por∣phyre stone, vntyll all be mixed and ioyned together.

And braying it also with stronge Vinagre, or the iuyce of Lemons, it will soner be made, and wyl incorporate and come together the better, than muste you wasshe it wise or thrise with cleare water. Nowe, how soeuer you haue made this dowe, or Amalgama, you must strain it thoroughe a lynnen cloth, fyne and thicke, to the in∣tente that a parte of the quicke syluer maye go thorow: or elles straine it thorough a wylde goates skynne, or a lambes skinne, whiche is farre better, and presse it harde, to thintente there may come out as much quicke syluer as is possible. Than take that remayneth in the cloth or skynne, and put to it halfe as much fayre quick Brymstone citrine. Fyrste stampe well the Brymstone and mingle it with the saied paste or dowe: and beynge so myngled, sette it on the fyre in a dysshe or yron lad••e,

leauinge it so vntyll all the Brymstone be burned, and all the rest yellowe. Than let it cole, and put it in a dish washynge it so often with cleare water, tyll you haue a fayre colour of Golde. Than kepe it in some glasse or earthen vessell leaded, as you do the other punned and brayed Golde, and whan you will put it in experience, stiepe it in Rose water, or other, wherin you shal haue mollified or dissolued some cleare gomme Arabicke.

Than dresse and order it to write or paynte with, and you shall haue an excellent thinge. Whan you haue written or painted, beynge once drye, you maye bur∣nishe it with a dogges toeth, whiche you can not do to the other brayed or punned golde, that Scriueners and Painters nowe a dayes do vse. This secrete hath bene practised of the olde and auncient writers, as we see in some of theyr bokes. But nowe you must vse the pra∣ctise to burnish it, layinge a white paper vpon the gold, and rubbinge fyrste vpon the saied paper with the dog∣ges toeth. And if you thinke that it is not yet burnished ynoughe, you maye burnishe it once agayne, with the toeth vpon the Golde without the paper betwixt.

☞To make a verye fayre Vernix, to vernishe the saied golde, and all other workemanshippe.

TAke Bengewine, and bray it the beste you can betwixt two papers, than put it in some violle, and poure vpon it good Aqua vite, that it be a∣boue the Bengewyne three or foure fingars hygh, and leaue it so a day or twaine, than put to it, for halfe a violle of suche Aqua vite, fine, or sixe blades of Saffron slenderly stamped, or elles whole. This doen, straine it, and with a pensill Vernishe therewith anye thynge gylted that you will, which wil become bright, and fayer, dryenge it selfe immediatelye, and will con∣tinue many yeares. Nowe, if you will dresse Syluer in suche a manner, do euen with the siluer leaues as you did with the Golde, if not, in steede of Brimstone you

shall take white commun salte, then dresse the Vernish in the foresaied manner, puttinge to it the Almonde or Bengewine, that is to saye, the white that is founde in the middes of Bengewine, and put in no Saffron at all. And the saied Vernishe of Bengewine, and Aqua¦vite, without any other thinge, is very good to vernish all thinges, as well painted as not painted, and also to make tables and coffers of Walnutte tree, and Nebene to glister and shine, and of all other thinges: Lykewise workes of Copper gilted, and not gylted: for it maketh bright, preserueth, aydeth the colour, and drieth incon∣tinent, without takinge any dust or fylth, but that you may make it clene with a linnen cloth, or with a foxes taile, whiche is better, as if it were not vernished at al.

To bray or break golde or syluer easely after the comes maner that the best workmasters do vse.

TAke what golde leaues you will, and incorporate them wel in a cuppe of glasse, with Iulep roset, stir ringe it well with your middle finger, little and little. And when all is incorporated together, braye it well vpon a Porphyre stone, than poure by little and lyttle, clere water vpon the said stone, mixing it alwais: After strain the said gold & Iulep, into a dish, or cup of glasse, and washe well the stone that there remaine nothinge. Than stirre all with your finger in the saied dishe, and let it so repose: after, poure the water out, and putte in other freshe, cleere, and warme, and washe it so, vntyll all the Iulep be washed and clensed oute, and that the water (putting it in your mouth) be in no wise sweete, than let it drie. This d••en, you shall put it in a cuppe of cleane glasse, and rake out a fewe hote embers a good way from the fyre, that the glasse breake not, where∣vpon you shall set the saied cuppe, vntyll the gold waxe very hote, and be retourned to his naturall colour. Fi∣nally temper it with go••med water, for to put it in ex∣perience.

To make a lycoure, that maketh a golden coloure with∣out golde.

TAke the iuyce of Saffron flowres, whan thei are freshe vpon the plante, and if you can get none, take Saffron dried, wel made in poulder, and put to it as muche yellowe and glisteringe Orpiment, that is scaly, and not earthy: than, with the gall of a Hare, or of a Pike (whiche is better) braye them well toge∣ther. This doen, put them in some violle vnder a dong∣hyll certayne daies, then take it out and keepe it, and whan you will wryte with this licoure, you shall haue a fayre coloure of Golde.

❀ Another licour of the colour of Golde, for to wryte and to gylte yron, woode, glasse, bone, and other lyke thynges.

TAke an egge layed the same day that you begin to make this, the whiche egge you shall open at one ende, and take out all the white, than take two partes of quicke syluer, and one parte of salte armoniack, that is cleane, and well beaten: and of these two thinges, you shall put as much vpon the yelk of the egge that remaineth in the shell, as will fyll it vp againe: than mingle well all together with a lyttle sticke. After, stoppe the sayed egge with the piece that you tooke of, closinge it well with a piece of waxe, that nothing may enter into it, nor any thinge issue oute.

Than laye it vnder horse donge, right vp, the open end vpwarde, this doen, take another halfe egge shell, and make as it were a couer or a cappe vpon the sayed bro∣ken ende, coueringe it with dunge, and leaue it so the space of twenty or fiue and twentye dayes, and so shall you haue a very fayre coloure of gold, for to write, and to do what you wyll withall. And if the sayed substance be to harde or to thicke, you may breake it, or temper it with gommed water.

☞Another goodly licour, to make a golden coloure with little cost, and is a thinge easye to be doen.

TAke the pilles of Citrons, or Orenges very yelow, and cleere thē well of the white that is within syde, than stampe them well in a morter of stone, or woode, well made cleane, and take good yellowe Brimstone, cleare and bryght, and well beaten in poulder, whiche you shall mingle with the saied pilles stamped, stam∣pinge well all together. This doen, you shall putte all this into a violle, and kepe it in a depe sellar or caue, or in some moyst place, by the space of .viii. or .x. days. Fi∣nallye, you shall heate it agayne by the fyre, and then write or paint with it, and you shal finde it a very excel∣lent coloure of Golde.

☞To make yncke, or a colour to wryte with, in a verye good perfection.

TAke good Galles, and breake theim in three or foure pieces, that is to say, stampe them slightly, and put them in a fryinge panne, or some other yron panne, with a litle Oyle, frieng them a litle, then take a pounde of them, and put it in some vessel leaded, pouringe into it as muche white wine as wyll couer it ouer, more then a good hand breadth. After, take a pounde of Gomme Arabick, well stamped, and eyghte vnces of Vitriole well made in poulder: myxe all well together, and set it in the sunne certaine dayes, stering it as often as you may: then boyle it a litle if you se that you haue neede, and after straine it, and it will be per∣fecte. And vpon the lees that shall remayne in the bot∣tome, you maye poure other wine, and boyle it a little, and strain it. You may put wine vpon the same lees as often as you will: that is to say, vntil you se y^t the wine whiche you put in, will staine or be coloured no more. Then, mingle al the saied wine, wherunto you shal put other g••••••••s, gomme, and vitriole, as at the beginning

thē keping it in the Sunne, you shal haue a better inck then the fyrste, and do so euery day, for the oftener you do it, the better you shall haue it, and with lesse coste. And if you finde it to thicke, or that it be not flowinge ynough, put to it a lyttle cleare lie, whiche will make it liquide and thinne inoughe. If it be to clere, adde to it a little gomme Arabick. The galles must be smal, curled and massiue within, if they be good. The good vitriolle is always within of a colour like vnto the elemēt. The best gomme, is cleere and brittle, that in stamping it, it becommeth poulder easely, without cleaning together.

A good waye and maner howe to make incke for to car∣ry about a man in a drie poulder, whiche (whan he wil write with) he must temper with a little wyne, water, or vynaiger or with some other licour, and than he may incontinent put it in experience. Vvyth the said poulder all other incke maye be amended, be it neuer so euill.

TAke Peche or Abricot stones with their kurnels, swete Almondes, or bitter, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 that thei haue their shelles harde, and that the Almondes be within them. And if in case you can gette but the saied stones without theyr kurnels, it shall be good ynough, but yet not so good as with the kurnels. Take then all the said thinges together, or those that you can get, and burne them vpon the coales: and whan they be very redde and ens••amed, take them out, and thus beinge redacte and made into verye blacke coales, kepe theim in a panne.

Take likewise Rosin of a Pine tree, and putte it in a panne, and make it flame and burne: than take ano∣ther little scillette, or elles a lyttle bagge holden open, with little stickes layde a crosse ouer it, or otherwise, as you shall thinke good, and hold the mouth of the bagge downewarde ouer the flambe, so that the smoke of the saied Rosin maye gather together, and sticke rounde a∣boute the saied panne or bagge, and whan al the Rosin to burned, and all colde againe, cause all the sayd smoke

to fall vpon a paper, or table, or some other thinge, and kepe it, but if you will not take the paines to make this smoke, bye it of them that make printers incke. Of this blacke or smoke, you shall take one part, or what quan∣titie you will, of the coales of the saied stones another part, of Vitriole one parte, of fried galles, as is afore∣saied, two partes, of Gomme Arabicke foure partes.

Let all these thinges be well stamped, sifted, and myn∣gled together, and then kepe well this poulder in a lin∣nen bagge, or of leather, for the older it is, the better it will be. Whan you will occupie it, for to make y••••ke thereof, take a little of it, and temper it with wine, wa∣ter, or Vynaigre, the whiche beyng put into it warme, the yncke shall be the better, neuerthelesse, beinge put in colde, it maketh no great matter, and you shall haue immediately very good incke, whiche you maye carrye where you will without spillinge or sheadinge. If you haue naughty inck, put to it a little of the sayd poulder, and it will becomme immediately very good black, and haue a good glosse.

❀ To make a great deale of yncke quickly, and with li∣tle coste.

TAke of the blacke that Curriers or tanners doo black their skins with, for you may haue much for moneye: than take of a fyshe called a Cuttle, whiche costeth almoost nothinge, and chieflye in places nighe to the sea side, and in eating the saied fishe at diuerse times, you maye keepe the galles together. Than myngle the saied galles with the Tanners co∣lour, and withoute anye other thinge, you shall haue a perfit Incke. To make it yet better, you maye putte to it of the saied poulder made of the coales of Vitriole, of Galles, and of gomme, and the sayd. Incke shalbe ve∣ry good to print in copper, putting to it a little vernix, & a little oyle of line, so that it may be liquide and flitting of it selfe, for to pearce the better into all manner of

engrauinges, and that it maye abide well vpon the pa∣per, without renninge abroade.

❀To make Printers Incke.

PRinters Incke is made onelye with the smoke of Rosine, as is abouesaid, and is tempered with moist Vernish, you muste seeth it a little, to make it liquide or thicke, as you shall neede. But in Winter moister then in So∣mer: and alwaies the thicker maketh the letter fayrer, blacker, clearer, and brighter. But in what maner so euer it be, it muste be euer well mixed with the smoke. And to make it liquide, as is saied, you must put to it more oyle of line, or of Walnuttes to the bernyshe. If you wyll make it thicker, put lesse Oyle, and more smoke, lettinge it seeth more. If you wyll Printe redde, in steade of the saied smoke, mingle Ver∣million well brayed, with the sayed Vernishe. If you will Printe greene, put in green Bice. If you wyll make it Blew (as men haue done somtime heretofore) take Azure of Almaine, or of that of glasse, whiche is nowe made at Venise, doing in all poyntes as we haue spoken of the blacke incke.

☞To make yncke so white, that although a man write with it vpon white paper, it may easelye and perfytlye be redde. A very goodly thinge.

TAke the shelles of newe layed egges, verye white, and wel washed, then bray them well vpon a cleane marble stone, with cleare water. Put them in a cleane dysh, vntill the poulder descende to the bottome: after dreane oute the water lightlie, and lette the poulder drie of it selfe, or in the sunne, and so shall you haue an excellente white, that

neyther Ceruse, nor any other white in the world may be compared vnto it, if you dresse, and kepe it cleane. And whan you will occupie it, take gomme Armoniac well washed, and mollified of that yellowe skynne that is about it: then stiepe It the space of a night in distilled Vynagre, and in the morninge you shall finde it dissol∣ued, and the Vynagre shall become whiter than milke: the whiche you shall strayne thorowe a cleane lynnen cloth, and with a little of this white licour you shal tem¦per the saied poulder, and than wryte or paynt with it, and you shall haue a whyte, excellente aboue all other sortes. A noble woman of Italye vsed no other thynge to blaunche her face: and kepte her self very white with al, and yet it appeared not that she vsed any such thing. Also the sayd poulder hurteth nothinge at all the face, nor the skinne, nor yet the teeth, as the sublime, the Ce¦ruse, and other like thinges do, whiche gentylwemen ofte vse, to theyr great detriment and hurte. But if you will vse the saied white made of egge shelles vpon your face, you must braye and consume it very fyne, and that it haue almoste no palpable substaunce, and that it may be penetratiue and pearsinge, to thintent it maye con∣tinue. In the whiche thinge euery man may proue and assaye what his witte is able to do. But aboue all thin∣ges, whan you will vse it for the face, it is necessary that you put to it the thyrd part of calcined and burned Tal∣chum, as we will shewe you in the booke folowinge.

☞To make a poulder to take of blottes of yncke, fal∣len vpon the paper, or elles the letters and wrytinge from the paper: whiche is a rare secrete, but yet profy∣table.

TAke Ceruse well brayed, and make thereof a dowe with the milke of a figge tree, then let it drie: afterwarde braye it agayne, and drye it as before, and so seuen tymes: then keepe it so in poulder. And whan you wil vse it to take out blottes, or

letters out of paper, take a lyttle linnen cloth wette in water, pressinge and wringinge the water oute, then spreade it abroade vpon the place where you woulde haue it, and leaue it therevpon vntill the paper and the incke be moyste with all: than take awaye the wette cloth, and vpon the blotte or letters that you will haue taken awaye, put a little of the said poulder of Ceruse, leauinge it so the space of a nighte. In the morninge, you shall take a linnen cloth cleane and drye, wherwith you shall rubbe of softlye and finelye the saied poulder, and the paper wil remaine exceding white for to wryte vpon agayne, as well as before, and better. And if al be not well rubbed of at the fyrst time, you may do it once againe, and you shall not fayle.

To make a kinde of vernish, but much fayrer, and bet∣ter than that whiche Scriuenars do vse; and is of lesse cost, and stinketh not as other vernish doeth.

THe Vernishe whiche Scriueners commonlye vse, is nothinge elles but the gomme of Ieni∣per made in poulder, and of the same is liquide vernishe made, in boylinge the saied gomme in the Oyle of line, and of this poulder do Scriueners vse to cause that the incke runne not abroade, and that the letter be the fairer and cleaner. Now for to make a poul¦der of like effecte, and verye fayre, with lesse coste, and without any euil sauour, take Egge shelles what quan¦titie you wil, taking away the little skinne within side: and whan you haue grossely stamped theim, put theim in a panns that will endure the fyre, coueringe it with some couer, then set it in some glasiers or potters fur∣neis, or in a bricke, tyle, or lyme makers kylle, leauing it there vntyll all the shelles be come into a verye white poulder, whiche is called Egge lyme: syfte it, and kepe it. And whan you will occupie it, caste a little of it vpon the paper, or parchement, and spreade the poulder well vpon it, rubbing it wel with a Hares fote, or otherwise

then takinge awaye that is to much, write vpon it, and you shall finde it of better effecte then the vernix. Whan the writinge is drye, if you will take awaye the saied poulder, yea the common vernishe, for feare leaste men shoulde white theyr handes, rubbe the paper or parche∣ment with crommes of white breade, for it wyll drawe to it selfe, and take awaye all the vernishe or poulder that is vpon it.

☞To make incke to rule paper for to write by, wher•• of the writinge being drie, the liues maye so be▪ taken out, that it shall seeme ye haue written without lines.

TAke Paragon stone, stampe and bray it wel, then take the bygnesse of a little nutte, of the fayreste tartre or lees of white wine, calcined and burned, settinge it to stiepe and dissolue in a dyshful of clere wa∣ter, and than straine it oute. And with this water you shall temper the blacke poulder of the Paragon stone, vntill it become like incke, with the whiche you shall rule your paper, or parchement: and wryte vpon those lines what you will with common inck. And whan the writinge is drye, for to take out the saied lynes, you shal take harde crommes of white breade, and rubbe youre paper ouer with them, and the lines that you haue ru∣led, wyll go out, as cleane as thoughe there had neuer bene line at all. This is a goodly secrete, and very rare.

*The ende of the fyfte booke.

THE Secretes of the reuerende Master Alexis of Piemount.

THE SIXTE BOOKE.

☞To sublime Quicke Syluer, that is to saye, to make common sublyme, that Goldsmithes, Alebemistes, and Gentil wemen do vse, and that men vse in many thinges concerninge Phisycke.

TAke a pounde of Quicke Syluer, and put it in some ves∣sell of wood with a little Vyn∣aygre, and Salte Peter, than braye it, and mortifie it well with a wodden pestell. Than take halfe a pounde of commen salt, foure vnces of Salt Peter, and let all this be well brayed, and put vpon the Quicke Syluer in the same vessell of woode, styringe well all together, puttinge to it twoo pounde of Roche Alome burned. Incorporate well all this together, and put it in a violle, or some potte, luted and clayed a finger higher then the substaunce within is. Then put it, and dispone it, in a panne or scillet, v∣pon sisted ashes: than set the saied panne on the furnes, settinge the Limbecke vpon the violle or potte luted, and then the recipient, to receaue that distelleth out, as men do in all maner of distillations. Make to it at the fyrste a slowe fyre, vntyll all the moysture be drawen out, whiche you shall take out of the recipient, and kepe well, for it will be good for many thinges, and specially for to mortifie other Quicke Syluer, to make other sub¦lime. This doen, make your fyer greater, and continue it so, vntyll you see Mercury or Quicke Syluer, to be sublimed thorowly whyte, that is to saye, that it be ry∣sen

aboue al the substance, and made as it were a white cake. And if you will make it higher, that is to say, vn∣to the necke and brimme of the violle or pot, then take a sheete of paper, and wrappe it rounde about the violle or potte, that is to saye, aboute the body of it that is vn∣couered aboue the furneis: then encrease your fyre, and make it greater, and this white cake wyll rise by little and little, and will cleaue to the brimme of the pot, re∣maininge there lyke a little be••••e of white sublime, then let it coole. Than take of the recipient, and lyfte vp the Limbecke, makinge the pot cleane without side, to the intent that whan you break it, there fal no filth among the saied sublyme. This done, breake the violle or potte and in takinge of the sublime, you must kepe it from the smoke, and in this sorte you may make a loafe or cake of a hundred, or two hundred pounde, or as muche as you wyll, kepinge alwaies the proportion of the quantitie of the thinges, accordinge to the weighte here aboue written. The lees that remayneth in the bottome of the sayd potte or violl, may be stamped and dissolued in boi∣linge water, and than straine it, and lette it seeth, and than drie thorowlye: there will remaine in the bottome a salte, whiche will be of the nature of the Salt Peter, of the common salte, and of the Alome that you did put in. And the sayde salte will be very good to make other newe sublime, with other Quick Siluer, and vinaiger: or elles in steade of Vynaigre you maye take the fore∣said water that distilleth in the sublimation, and so shal you make it very perfitte. And you muste note, that the saied sublime, made with Roche Alome, is better for gentilwomen, that wil paint their faces with sublime. But I counsaile theim, that in steade of sublime, they vse some of the waters that I haue spoken of in the bookes before. For Goldesmithes, Alkemistes, and for manye thinges required in Phisicke, it is better to put in rawe Vitriole, in steade of burned Alome: but this is very euil and hurtful for gentlewemen: for, the mooste part of them that make sublime, make it with Vitriole

partly because it is made with lesse cost, and partly be∣cause it is profitabler for many thinges, thē made with Alome, whiche is almdost for nothinge but for gentle∣wemen. There be some naughty personnes that putte Arsenic Cristallyne to distille with Quicke Syluer, a thinge practised of to many men. Wherefore it is good and profitable to admonyshe euerye man that he take heede, for certainely, in respecte of a little gayne, they make them selues worthy to be burned quicke: for besi∣des that men se oftentimes, that by suche sublyme we∣men haue theyr faces swollen withall, like a bladder blowe••, also it may happen that in Phisicke they hurte or kyll men The sayde sublime made with Alome and Vitriole, may easely be sublimed a newe, that is to say, for euery pounde of this sublime, to putte to it halfe a pound of common white salte, or burned Alome, or vn∣sleaked lime, in settinge this to sublime, as before: the whiche wyll sublime it selfe much soner, and will waxe fayrer, the oftener you sublime it. The Alchemistes, fo∣lowynge the preceptes of Geber, of Saynte Thomas, and other Philosophers, go aboute and spende tyme to sublime it diuers times for to make it firme, amonge whom there be that sublime it a hundreth times, and o∣ther some two hundreth tymes, and yet at thende bring it to none effect: and that cometh, because that alwayes they put in, in subliminge the saied lecs, that is to saye, the salte, alome, or vitriole, as we haue saied. And seing that the nature of the fyre is to fix and make firme thin∣ges that sone flit awaye, the oftener the saied sublime cometh to the fyre, the more doth it fasten at euery time, but that part that is fastened, is alwaies mingled with the saied lees, and so is lost: Therfore they which made the saied sublimation, not consideringe the reasons and causes why suche a thinge happeneth, founde that by little and little theyr sublime was diminished, and (per∣aduenture) thought it hadde flowen awaye, or els con∣sumed in the fyre, rather than to beleue that it remay∣ned in the saied lees, from the whiche it can in no wyse

be separated. Nowe mindinge philosophicallye to pro∣cede in the fasteninge or fixinge the saied sublyme, you must fyrste sublime it three or foure times, with com∣mon salte, burned Alome, lime, or Talchum, as is saied to the intent that in this wise it may be mondified, and clensed from all earthy and vncleane substaunce, that it conteyneth, and frome the superfluous moisture, whereof it is full. It is mondified and made cleane of the earthy substaunce, because the earth sublimeth not, but remayneth in the bottome of the viole or pot, clea∣uinge with the grounes, whiche is the Salte, Alome, or Vttriole that is put in it, the whiche thinges we call here lees or dregges, because they remaine in the bot∣tome, as the lees of wine, or of Oyle doeth. Also it is pourged of the aquositie, or superfluous moisture, two maner of wayes. The fyrste is, because that with the same, or distilled water, wherwith it was watered, as we haue saied before, the moisture or watrinesse of the saied Quick siluer distilleth out in a vapour. The other is, because of the ofte subliminge it, the nature of the fyre is annexed vnto it, whiche diminisheth it, the whi∣che two thinges are the principall cause whye it faste∣neth. And so are they the onelye partes that make the perfyt fixion or fasteninge, accordinge as they are suffi∣ciently ioyned with the thinges that you wyl fasten or fixe. And here we meane no other thinge, by the thynge fixed or fastened, but that the fyre hath made suche a de∣coction, that it danisheth not awaye, or is lightly caried awaye with the wynde, and that all the substaunce re∣mayneth in the bottome, and consumeth no more.

Therefore, after you haue sublimed it three or foure tymes, and that it is well pourged of the carthye sub∣staunce, and of the superfluous moisture, as is afore∣sayed, you shall set it to sublime a parte by it selfe, with∣oute any grownes or lees, and shall sublime it so often, vntyll all remayne fixed to the bottome of the violle or potte, and that it flye not awaye nor diminishe for anye greate fyre that you make.

But if you wyll make it in lesse space, and easier, ob∣serue this rule, whiche is certayne and infallible.

Whan you haue sublimed it three or foure times, or oftener, you shall adde to it the fourth part of fine siluer calcined and burned, as we wyll afterwarde declare: than after you haue mixed it well together, set it to sub∣lyme: and whan it is sublimed, mingle that whiche is rysen vp, with that that remaineth in the bottome, then sublime it again, and so, so often that it ryse vp no more but remayne in the bottome for al the vehemence of the fyre, and so shall it be perfit, very white, cleane, fusible, and penetratiue or pearsinge. And he that would make a good quantitie of it, and is not hable to putte to it as muche fyne siluer, as the fourth part of it, he may make it in this maner folowinge. After he hath sublimed it three or foure times, with the grownes or lees, as is a∣foresaied, let him kepe it by it selfe, and take a little of it that is to saye, as muche as for to ioyne or put with the fourth part of fyne syluer, that he should put to it, as in example. If he haue but half an vnce of Syluer, let him take an vnce of the sayde sublime, and whan he hath mixed it together, let him sublime it as often as before, vntyll all remayne fixed in the bottome, and he shall haue two vnces, or little lesse of sublime fixed: for the fyre in dryenge it, and making the decoction, cateth and consumeth some parte of it, besyde that consumeth in stampinge, and in the vyole or potte. Than let him take these two vnces fixed, or as muche as is of it, with three times as muche of sublime not fixed, that was kepte, and then let him mingle all together, and sublime it as oft as before, vntil al be fixed. And if he wil make more of it, let him take agayne three partes of the other sub∣lyme: and so shall he make it as often and as muche as he wyll, whiche is muche better then to make it all at once, for by this meanes is volatile fixum, and fixum vola∣tile oftener made, whiche is that, that the philosophers esteme moost, and is also more fusible, more pearsynge, and of greater vertue. In this operation consisteth all

all the secrete, and the greatest maistry of the Philoso∣phers, and cheiflye of Geber, who maketh the mooste part of his worke in this manner of subliminge and fi∣ringe often times, and onely keepeth the thinge secrete that must be sublimed, the which thinge because he wil hide it from theim that be not worthye to knowe it (as hym selfe affirmeth) he calleth it Quick Syluer, but he meaneth another thinge, althoughe in effecte the same thinge declareth that it is but quick syluer, but brought from his nature vnto a perfecter degre, as for example. Dowe, is meale, not in his fyrst essence and being, but is redact and made of the baker, into a more estimable nature, and nerer to perfection. No man ought to hope to attayne to this high knowledge, by his owne wytte, but onely by the grace and gifte of God, who (as all the Philosophers saye) Cui vult largitur, & subtrabit.

☞To make Cinabrium, and thereof to make loaues of a hundreth or two hundreth poundes, as great as a man list as those are that come oute of Almayne, whiche secrete hath not before this tyme bene knowen of anye in Italy.

ALl those that delight in secretes, and principally in thinges belonginge to metalles, knowe howe to dresse Cina∣brium, but in a small quantitie, as a pound or two at a time, and not past. In Germanye, and some partes of Fraunce, there be that make it in great lompes, or masses, and send it so into Italye, and ouer all the worlde, and yet kepe it meruelous secret to them selues, without publishinge it vnto manye men. Therefore we will also communicate this secrete (al∣though it consist in a small thinge) to the glory of God, and the profite of the common welth, reachinge here in a breife manner, to make it in as great a quantitie as a man will. Take of Quicke Syluer nine partes, Brim∣stone citrine two partes, yet many men put thre partes

of Brimstone, for the nine partes of quick siluer, other foure, and some as muche of the one as of the other. But whan it is for to paynte with, there cannot be to much Brimstone, for there commeth the liuelier colour of it, and for other thinges it is better that for one poūd of Quicke Siluer, there be but three or foure vnces of Brimstone. Putte then the Brimstone in some large panne, meltinge it with a slowe or small fyre: & whan it is molten, take the Quicke Syluer in a linnen cloth, in your lefte hande, and wringe it little and little into the saied Brimstone (whiche must fyrste be taken from the fyre) and mingle it with a sticke, to thende the quick syluer maye incorporate it selfe well with the Brym∣stone, not ceasinge to styrre it, and to loose it alwayes from the panne, vntyll all be well cooled, and you shall haue a blacke mixture, whiche shall be neither lyke the Brimstone, nor quick syluer. Stampe this mixtion, and bray it well, and sifte it, and of this poulder you maye make what quantitie you will, puttinge it in a greate panne. Nowe yf you wyll dresse the Cinabrium, you shall take a violle of glasse as great as you will, yet see not∣withstandinge that ye fyll the saied violle but a quar∣ter full with the substaunce that you shall putte in it. And after hauynge well luted and clayed the violle, with a claye or paste made with white claye, and the shearinge of cloth (whiche men call Lutum sapientiae, as we will shewe you hereafter howe to make it perfectly) and whan it is well dried, putte in as muche of the said poulder, as wyll fill a quarter of the sayed violle, or lesse, and without closynge vppe the mouth of the saied vessell of glasse, ye shall set it vppon a greate furneis, if you haue muche substaunce, than make vnder it a flighte and slowe fyre, the space of two or three houres, and afterwarde somewhat greater. But for to make a greate quantitie of it, you muste euer and anone, putte in of the saied poulder, leauynge so styll the saied vessell of glasse vppon the fyre to sublyme: then take a sticke made meete for the purpose, that maye reache to the

bottome of the saied vessell, and be more then a hande∣full withoute, and haue also vppon the sticke a rounde lumpe of the sayed Lutum sapientiae, to the intente that the sayed sticke so being put into the viol, it maye close the mouth of it, and that whan the sticke riseth vp, the piece of Lutum sapientiae, maye also rise withall, and o∣pen the mouth of the saied violle. You muste haue also made readye, and settled, a fonnell (suche as they fyll hogges heades of wyne withall) whiche muste haue al∣wayes the necke of it within the mouthe of the vyolle, and that the sticke maye go thorough the myddle of the funnell, that by that meanes, it maye stoppe the strayte of the funnell, with the mouthe of the violle.

All these thinges thus set in order, you muste keepe the saied poulder nyghe vnto the fyre, to the intente that it maye be hoate: for if you shoulde putte it in colde, vppon the hoate that is in the Violle, you should make colde, and lette the sublimation of the Cinabrium.

Nowe, whan the fyrste poulder hath bene on the fyre, the space of fyue houres, and that it is thoroughlye, or partelye sublimed, lyfte vppe the sticke a little, that is in the potte, and so open the mouth of it, in lyftinge vp the rounde piece of claye that stopped it, and putte in three or foure sponefulles of the saied poulder that you kepte warme, then lette downe the sticke, with the rounde buttonne of claye, that it maye close the vyolle, as before.

And you muste vnderstande, that the sayed sticke is not put into the violle for anye other cause, but to kepe that the sayed poulder whiche is in the bottomme, be∣ginninge to sublyme, shoulde not cleaue rounde about the mouth of the violle, for than it woulde stoppe it so, that you coulde putte none other poulder into it, nor make the loaues soo greate, as is sayed: and herein consysteth the whole Secrete to make the loues great. For if you woulde putte in all the substaunce at once, that is to saye, a hundrethe, or twoo hundreth pounde of substaunce, you shoulde make the masse, or lumpe

so great, that it woulde neuer be broughte to perfecti∣on, and muste make so greate a fyre to it, that rather it woulde melte both the vessell, and also marre the fur∣neis, than the matter or substaunce woulde sublyme.

But in puttinge it in thus by little and little, the sticke beinge in the middle, all the substaunce sublimeth, ba∣keth, and waxeth redde, and by little and little, sticketh to the highest parte of the vessell, then, in puttinge to it agayne newe poulder, it descendeth to the bottom, and there findinge all thinges hote, with that that it is hote it self, and in a smal quantitie it sublimeth, baketh, and waxeth redde incontinent, incorporatinge it selfe with the fyrste. So in puttinge in, by little and little newe hote poulder, and keping alwayes the fyre in one state, you shal make as great a quantitie of it as you wil, and shal haue very great loaues of fayre Cinabrium, the whi∣che wyll haue onely a hole in the middle, whiche is the space where the sticke went thorow. Finally, you may put to it newe poulder in takinge awaye the sticke all together, and closing the mouth, and than make a fire: for this last poulder wyll lykewise sublyme, and wyll make a bottome to the lofe of Cinabrium, Moreouer, note and vnderstande, that the great fyre, that is to say, long continued and kept, hurteth not, and now and then you must moue, and lifte vp and downe the sayde sticke, to the intent that the Cinabrium cleaue not to it, and stoppe so the mouth of the vessell, that you can putte no more freshe poulder to it, as is sayed. This is the sure, and perfecte waye and meane howe to make Cinabrium in as greate loaues as you will, whiche hytherto hath not bene knowen in Italye. You maye do the like in pottes of potters claye white, soo that they be well luted and clayed ouer, that they maye endure the fyre, and not breake.

☞To fyne and renewe Borax.

BORAX was called of the auncient writers Chrisocolla, and was both na∣turall and artificiall, as Plini, Dios∣corides, and other write, and men did vse of it in Phisicke, and also to sow∣der Gold and Syluer, and other me∣talles, as men vse yet nowe a dayes: for the nature of it is to melte, and to resolue quickely anye souderynge. It is vsed in worke also for to make a bodye, that is to saye, to gather together the fylynge of Golde and siluer, and in all other thinges, wherein a man hath neede of a quicke and sodayne foundinge or meltinge. Moreouer, gentlewemen helpe theim selues also muche with it to make theim fayre: for it maketh the skinne very white, fine, and cleane, without daun∣ger of any poyson, or of hurtinge the teeth, or fleshe.

The auncient men of olde time had of it grene, where∣of nowe a dayes is none founde, nor yet anye man ma∣keth it. Marye, we haue that is very white, and alsoo somewhat blacke, whiche peraduenture a man may say is like theyr grene. The white is in little longe pieces, with certayne synewes or veines all a longe, so like vn¦to Roche Alome, that many are deceiued, or deceiue o∣ther with it: For whan a man setteth the saied Borar vpon the fyre, it boyleth, and swelleth vp in all poyntes like Alome, and so remayneth white, and full of hoales lyke a sponge, and easy to be broken with your handes, euen as Roche Alome burned. But subtyle and craftye marchauntes knowe Borax from Alome thre maner of wayes. The fyrste is, that Alome put in a mans mouth is eygre and sharpe of taste, and restraintife, but Borax hath no maner of taste, but a dead and vnsauery guste, as a meane betwene the sauour of Oyle, and whaye of Mylke. Therefore they that wyl deceaue other, and fal∣sifye the true Borax, take little pieces of rawe Rocfe Alome, and kepe them in Oyle of Almondes, in whay, or in mylke. Some other put to it also honny, or sugre, for to moderate the eygernesse of the Alome, with the

swetenesse of it. Other there be, that melte all the saied thinges on the fyre, and than set theim to coole in some colde place, vntyl all be waxen into yee, or little stones, and puttinge to it Salte Peter, Sal alcali, Tartre, A∣lome de fece, and suche lyke thinges, and make little sto∣nes somewhat lyke vnto Borarx but fyrste they differ in fourme and fashion, for the true Borax is alwayes longe in fourme, and the stones where Alome is a∣monge, are neuer broughte into anye fourme, but in∣to little square stones. Furthermore, thei differre in the seconde sorte, and that is this: That Alome beynge burned, maketh a greater lumpe, then when it is raw: but the true Borax is broughte and reduced into a ve∣rye small quantitie, and this is an euidente signe to knowe it. The thyrde, whiche is of moost importaunce and the sureste, is, that the matter wherein the Alome is, will not souder in no manner of wise, and wyll not melte neither, so well as the Borax will. I saye, it will not melte so well, because that where any Salt Peter, Tartre, and Sal alcali is, there the matter will melte, at the leaste in some parte: for all the saied thinges helpe to the foundinge of metalles. The Salte Peter, whan there is a good quantitie of it, is knowen incontinente vppon the fyre, for it maketh the boylinge wateryshe, and casteth aboute, as it were lyttle sparkes of fyre.

The other thinges made with the foresayed mixions, dyuers tymes, in whaye, milke, or in water, and con∣geled into lyttle pebbles, make certayne stones, but they be alwayes salte, to brighte, and to violente to melte: for whan a manne wyll souder anye worke of Golde, or thinne Syluer with it, it causeth the worke to melte together, and where as there is Sugre, it leaueth the Golde and Syluer spotted. Men make o∣ther mixtures, whiche are verye good for to souder, or to melte, whiche neuerthelesse are differente frome the Borax in fourme and sauoure, of the whiche we wyll make mention hereafter.

Nowe, for to retourne to the true Borax of oure

tyme, men bringe vs certayne barrels full, of a kind of grease, ful of certayne litle pebbles, which is called the dowe or paste of Borare. Vnto this daye menne haue broughte it oute of Alexandria, where it was alsoo of olde tyme made: and therefore is it that the aunciente Arabian Anthones, whiche haue wrytten of thynges concernynge mettalles, called the Borax Nitrum Alex∣andrinum. And within these fewe yeares, they haue be∣gonne to brynge it frome the Weste partes, yet I can not tell whether it be made there, or elles paraduen∣ture it be broughte latelye oute of the Indes. There was within these fewe yeares soo greate lacke of it in Italye, that it was solde at the leaste, for a crowne an vnce, of that, that was made into stones. And nowe, within this twoo yeare, there is come suche hahoun∣daunce oute of the Weste partes, that the pounde is worth but a crowne and a halfe, and lesse.

The waye howe to make it (whiche is vsed in the saied West partes) is thus. In Mines, where Golde and Syluer, or Copper is gotten, is found a kynde of water, whiche (as I my selfe haue seene and proued by experience) is of it selfe verye neete and excellente for to souder or to founde with. And also I knowe a place in Germanye, where there is a greate veyne of suche wa∣ter, whiche notwithstandinge, the paysauntes knowe not of. Nowe, they take this water, with the earth that is vnderneath it, or on the sydes, and boyle it a certaine tyme, and than strayne it, and so leauinge it, it conge∣leth into lyttle pebbles, euen like vnto Salte Peter.

And therefore yf a man shoulde keepe theim longe soo, thei would not continue, but would resolue by litle and litle: Also for to make them better, and to preserue thē, and norishe them in their owne nature and kynde, they take the groundes or dregges that is left of the said wa¦ter, & earth, putting to it barrows grease, or the grease of some other beast: than they goo to the mine, where they make a greate hole in the grounde, in the bottome wherof they lay a ranck of the said grease, & vpon that a

rancke of the sayde little pebble stones, and than again another of grease, and so consequently as much as they wyll, but so that the laste rancke be of grease, or of the saied dowe or paste, and so they leaue it open and vnco∣uered, the space of certayne moneths: yet many of them do all this within theyr houses, in the earth, or in great vesselles. Than, whan they wyll sell it, or sende it out of the countrey, they take the sayed paste or dowe, with the stones and all, with a fyre panne or some like thing, and fyll barelles and tonnes of it.* 1.10 This is the same that commeth vnto vs, whiche we call dowe or paste of Bo∣rax. It is sent also from the countreye where Borax is made, or little stones of the sayed paste, so renewed and fined as I will shewe you. About thyrty yeare ago they sent muche more of this Borax, fyned and renewed, than they did of the paste, because that in Italye they coulde not dresse nor make it, nor bringe it into little stones, wherefore it was not put in vre, but of certayne wemen in distillations, for to paint them selues with. Since there hath ben one in Venise that began to dresse it, and after him a woman whom he had taught. These two gat a greate somme of money, and the sayd secrete was longe betwene them two onely, althoughe it was desyred of euery man longe before. Finally, it is nowe come so farre forwarde, that many men in Venyse can dresse it, but one maketh it farre better, then another, and peraduenture very fewe haue the perfection of dres¦synge it, with suche adnauniage that he loose nothinge of the substaunce, and to make as muche of it as is pos∣sible perfectly, as I will shewe you hereafter folowing. Now, you muste take fyrst of the sayd paste, that is not mouldy, vinewed, or putrified, for than it is a sign that it shoulde be olde, and of many yeares, and thereby the little stones shoulde be diminished, loste, or decayed. Yet neuerthelesse this is of no great importaunce: for it is better to assay with your finger within the past, to se yf it be full of the sayed pebbles, for the worlde beynge all together geuen to gayne, and full of deception and

fraude, they that make it, put sometime very fewe peb∣bles in the saied grease, for to haue more substaunce: and besyde this, they that bye it to sell agayne, take out also a good quantitie of the saied pebbles: wherefore it is necessary to be circumspecte, to the intente that dili∣gence maye surmounte, or at the leaste discouer the gile and deceate. Fynallye, if you will fine and renewe the sayed Borax from suche paste or dowe, do thus. Take water luke warme, that is to saye, for twoo pounde of paste, halfe a payle full, whiche you shall put into some earthen vessell, puttinge the paste into it, than with youre hande fraye and styrre it in sonder, as you wolde temper leauen for to kneade, after this, strayne out the saied water well thoroughe a straynoure, and take the little stones that remaine in the saied vessell, that is to say, those that be of the bignesse of a Walnut, or beane, and put them in a vessell, sprinklinge them with Oyle Olyue, as thoughe it were a salade, but the Oyle must be white: and if you haue none good, take common oyle and set it in the sunne, purginge it well, and annointe the saied stones with it, minglinge them well together with your hande. Afterward put them in a litle bagge, and mixe them well together againe, as men do confi∣tures, this doen, putte theim in little boxes, and keepe theim, and thus shall you haue the best Borax that can be possible. If you will renew and multiplie it, do thus. Take the same water that was strayned out, and put it in a kettle vpon a small fyre, keepinge the fyre alwayes in one estate, than scymme it with an yron ladle, and put also with the scumme, the ordure and filth that shal be in the bottome: but take good heede, that in seething it flie not awaye. Continue thus dooinge vntyll it be well sodden, whiche is knowen thus: put a little vpon your nayle and if it renne not, it is ynough sodden, or els you may proue it vpon a paper, as men do Syrops, and if it byde still, it is sodden, or wette a stringe in the sayed water, and holde it betwixte youre fingers, than plucke it oute by the ende, and if you feele it roughe, it

is sodden. Then take the kettle from the fyre, and co∣uer it with some couer fytte for it, that there fall no or∣dure or fylth in it: this doen, burie the kettle in wheate branne, and close it well rounde aboute, coueringe it with clothes or other thinges, so that it be wel stopped. You maye bury it, or hyde it in a hote dungehyll, and leaue it there the space of eight or ten dayes, and after∣warde vncouer it, and you shall finde cruste vpon it, the whiche you shall take and put in on one syde, and you shall finde in the sayed kettle, as it were little pieces of yce, whiche you shall take oute, and put in another ves∣sell, wasshinge them with cole and freshe water, than drye them vpon a table in the shadowe, and lette those stones whiche at the firste time remayned in the stray∣noure, be mingled with the saied pieces of yce. Than take Alome de fece, that is white, foure pounde, in thre payles full of water, three vnces of Salte Peter, than boyle this with a small fyre, and scymme it, as you dyd the other, in prouinge it vpon your nayle, or vpon pa∣per, if it bee sodden, as before. This doen, take it from the fyre, and let it rest, and whan it is cleare, take a litle payle full and a halfe of it, and set it on the fyre in ano∣ther cleane kettle. And whan you see that it will boyle, put in the sayed cruste, and that it be of tenne pounde, and make it seeth as the other did, essayinge vpon your nayle or paper, as you did before. Than put it in a little virkin, and lay two stickes a crosse, with foure cordes, wherevnto you shall tie a little leade, to the intent they may stretche well, and without touchinge the bottome, by foure fingers, and that to the ende the Borax maye sticke and cleaue to it, and than burie it as before. This must not be put int the bagge, but anoint the same that you finde stickinge vpon the cordes with a feather, and the other that remayneth stil in the vessel, you shal sprin¦kle as it were a salade. The clere that you shal take out of it, must be of the biggenesse of a hasell nut or beane: and the other will be lesse, you shall put into the water that remaineth, whiche water you shall set on the fire,

makinge it seeth, and doinge as before, and so continue vntill all the water be conuerted and tourned into Bo∣rax, so that nothinge be loste. And remember (at the be∣ginninge whan you dissolue in luke warme water, as we haue sayed before) to put to it the bignesse of a ciche pease of the ruen of a Hare, for that will make all the o∣ther partes of the Borax to cleaue and take together.

☞A good and easye waye to make Aqua fortis, better then any other.

TAke Roche Alome and Vitriole, or salte peter, or elles all three together, of eche of theim lyke quantitie, that is wel calcined and burned, and well brayed. And if you will haue it stronger, put as muche salte Peter a parte, as of Alome and Vi∣triole together: put all this in some potte or violle, well luted and clayed ouer, and in the recipient or receptorie two vnces of well water, for euerye pounde of the said substaunces. Let the receiptorye be in freshe water, and alwayes wette aboue with some wette linnen cloth, so that it be neuer drye. And by this meanes the exhalati∣ons or fumes wil better mingle them selues with their water, and will not sticke or cleaue to the recipiente. This doen, take the potte or violle luted, and trimme it so that the mouth hange downewarde, ioyning it with the recipiente, without a Limbecke, luting and claiyng well the ioynctes and sides with flowre, and the whites of Egges: and dispose and order it in suche maner, that the fyre come not to the recipient. And at the beginning put a fewe hote coales vnder the bottome of the vyolle or potte, vntyll the matter loose and dissolue it self, and passe his fyrste furye. This doen, couer it with coales, and the fyre muste be verye highe: and for to do beste, there muste be lyttle walles of bricke to holde vp the greate coales, in great quantitie vpon the sayed potte. Whan you haue made this greate fyre, the space of three or foure, or sixe houres, all wyll be made.

Than let it coole, and take out the water, whiche is ve∣ry good and perfit, and kepe it in a vessell of glasse well stopped with waxe.

☞The true and perfyte practise to caste medalles, and all other workemanshyppe, as well in brasse, as in gold, Syluer, Copper, Leade, Tynne, as of Crystall, Glasse, and Marble.

FIrste of all, you muste haue alwayes the earth or sande ready, wherin you wyll fashion and fourme your work: but because there be dyuers sortes, and euerye man dresseth it as he can gette it, and as he hathe skill in ma∣kinge it, we will put here some of the surest and most parfitest, and of diuers kyndes, to thend that if a man can not get or make the one, he may euer∣more haue recourse to the other. And vnderstande, that all these that we will put here, may be set a worke eche of them by them selues, or mixed one with another, or all together, for they are good euery waye. The boun∣ty and perfection of eche of these earthes for to cast anye mettall in, consisteth in these thinges, that is to wytte: that first and chieflie it be fine and smal, and in no wise roughe, or full of grommels, to the intent that all thin∣ges maye easely take print. Secondly, that they receiue the metall well, and that they neither cleaue, breake, chappe, or waxe into a cruste. They must also be tempe∣red with a water called Magistra, (of the whiche we wil speake afterwarde) to the intente that beynge drie, thei maye be harder, and holde faster together. Thyrdelye, that they maye continue, and serue at diuers foundin∣ges and meltinges, to the intente that whan you wyll caste many medalles, or other thinges all of one sorte, ye neede not at euerye time make newe mouldes. Also you must vnderstand, that for metalles that are soft, as Leade, and Tynne, all earth, so it be good, wyll suffise:

Prouided alwayes, that it be fine and small, and well tempered with the sayed Magistra, as I wil declare here after.

☞The fyrste earth to caste in a moulde all maner of fu∣sible mater.

TAke Emerill, that men burnishe swordes or armoure with, and braye it very small, in flaming it, as wee will shewe you after∣warde, and temper it, or reduce it into dow or paste, with the saied Magistra, as I wyll tell you hereafter, and so dressinge it, you shall make a very good earth, whiche will continue for manye foun∣dinges and meltinges, so that it be well gouerned and tempered, and the more it is occupied, the better it wyll waxe: Prouided, that it be alwayes brayed a newe, and than watered and tempered with the Magistra.

¶The second earth or sande.

TAke pieces of those vesselles, or pottes of earth that are made in Valentia in Italie, or other that glassemakers vse to keepe their molten glasse in the furnesse, and if you maye onely get the bottoms, or the pieces from the middle to the lower: moste parte of them, it shall be the better, in takinge a∣waye the glasse that is rounde about them, if not, take them as you maye. Than take Goldsmithes crosettes, or meltinge pottes, newe, and breake theim in pieces, and that the weight of the sayed crosettes be as muche as the pieces of the saied vesselles before. All these thin∣ges beinge fyrste beaten and stamped in a morter, let them be well brayed after vpon a Porphire stone, with water, as men braye colours, and hauinge made theim verye fine and small, by seethinge them againe on the fire, as we will after declare, kepe them in little goates leather bagges, or in some cloose boxes, to the ende that

because of theyr finenesse they flie not, and vanisshe a∣waye in the ayre.

☞The thirde earth, or sande.

TAke the filinge of yron, sande, or yron oore, or the sparkes that flie from hoate yron whan it is beaten, or elles all together: but that it be pure without any earth or fylth: than putte it in an yron panne, or in some other vessel that wyll endure the fyre, sprinklinge it with stronge Vinaigre, and keping it on the fyre the space of eighte houres, after this tem∣per it agayne in Vinaygre, and then incense, and heate it in the fyre, brayinge and renewinge it diuers times, as the other. And keepe it in leather bagges, or in boxes well stopped.

☞The fourth earth or sande.

TAke pieces of a pommeise stone made hote in the fyre, and quenched in Vynaygre foure times. Than take. ii. partes of the sparkes of yron bray∣ed and stamped, & one part of the pommeise stone Mingle al together, and putte it in the fire, and braye it often times, and so kepe it as the other.

❀The fyft earth, and the most parfyt.

TAke mutton bones, but if you take those of the heade, they will be better, if not, take of what part so euer it be, and burne thē vpon the coales or in some furneis, vntil they waxe very white: than stampe them, and sifte them. This doen, you shall put the poulder in some yron panne, or other thinge, amonge the coales, so that it may burne well, than put to it a good handfull of tallowe, styringe it with some yron, in suche wise, that all the tallowe maye be bur∣ned with the saied poulder, leauynge it soo on the fyre

yet halfe an howre. Than take it oute and braye it, and burne it agayne, sprinklynge, and brayinge it often tymes as you dyd the other, vntill it be verye fine and small, and than shall it be perfit, and will serue for many foundinges or meltinges.

❀The syxte earth.

TAke Cuttle bones, and burne them in the fyre, vntyll they be very white, and vse thē in all thinges as you didde the mutton bo∣nes, and than keepe it as afore. Fynallye, there is also earth made of the ashes of Vy∣nes, of strawe, of burned paper, of horse dunge, dryed and burned, of bricke stamped, of Boale, or of redde earthe, or other lyke thinges that remayne in the fyre without meltinge, wherein men printe verye well all maner of metall, the whiche also neither breake, cleaue in sonder, nor chappe, as is aforesayed.

☞A goodlye waye and maner howe to make all these earthes verye fyne, and small, and almooste impalpable.

TAke whiche of these foresaied earthes you will, or anye other, and after you haue well stamped it, and syfted it, drye it in a kettle by the fyre, or in a fryenge panne, or other vessell, vn∣tyll it be verye whoate: than take it frome the fyre, and stampe it well, as before, with water or Vynaigre, heate it agayne, and braye it stylle with water, or Vynaygre, and neuer drye: doyng so fiue or sixe times. Fynallye you shall putte it in a vessell of white earthe, well leaded, and powre into it as muche cleare water as wyll surmounte it foure fyngars high: than styrre it with a lyttle cleane sticke, and lette it reste the space of an Aue Maria. Afterwarde poure the sayed water

finely and wisely into some other vessell that is cleane: And vpon the sayed earth that remayneth in the fyrste vessell, you shall powre other water, and styre it as be∣fore: than powre the same with the other fyrste powred out, and thus do so often, vntil that with the water, you haue poured out all the finest and smalleste parte of the same earth. And if there remaine yet in the firste vessell anye parte of grosse earth, braye it a new, and than put it with the other. This doen, you shall let all the same fyne and small earth, whiche you poured into the other vessell, go downe to the bottome: and than powre oute fayer and softely the water, and let the poulder dry that remayneth in the bottome, the whiche afterwarde you shall braye well once agayne, and passe it thorow a fyne sieue or sarce of Silke, if you thinke good, and you shall haue a poulder, suche as there is not the like, whiche you muste keepe, as the other before, in leather bagges, or in boxes of woode well stopped, pastynge or glewing the sides, to the intente that the poulder flie not awaye, for it is a substaunce almoost as fyne and as subtyle as the ayre.

☞To make a water called Magistra, wherewith the sayed earthes to make mouldes is tempered, and moy∣sted agayne at euery castinge and foundinge.

TO cause that the sayed earth be faste and firme, and that beinge fashioned and drye, it maye holde together, and not fal agayne into poulder, you muste make this water, whiche is called la Magistra, whiche is a worde, not knowen frome whence it is deducted, as the Philosophers haue forged and geuen names to certayne waters, accordinge to the effecte that they serue for, as they haue doen of this wa∣ter. And it seemeth that they meante by this, the same thinge that we vnderstande by the meane or waye, or suche a thinge, that is a meane or way to kepe together

or to dissolue, or to do some like thinge: thus it is made. They take common salt, the whiche they wrappe in a linnen cloth wette in water, or other licour, and being so lapped vp, it is layde in the middle of the embers in a furneis, or in some other lyke place, to the intente that with a••payre of bellowes they maye geue it alwayes a greate fyre, or elles thei put it in some croset, or other small vessell, iuted and clayed, blowing it wel the space of an houre, than they let it coole. And he that will not blowe it alwayes, as is aforesayde, let hym laye it in the middes of hote coales, and yet couer it well with fyre, and whan it is coole agayne, be must stampe it, and put it in a pot well leaded, and put to it as muche water as wyll couer it, foure or sixe fingars high: than muste he set it on the fyre, and styrringe it, he shall make all the saied salte to dissolue. This doen, it must coole agayne, and he strained or passed thoroughe a felte twise: and this is done for to moist or baine the sayed earthes, and to make them holde together, as we will declare after∣warde. Also you maye make this Magistra with the whi∣tes of Egges, beaten with a sticke of a figge tree, vntil they be conuerted and tourned in a froth or scumme, then let them rest the space of a nighte, and in the mor∣ninge poure oute the water that is founde vnder the froth. With this water is the saied earth moysted and hayned, and it appeareth that it is better then other: for it maketh it faster and firmer, and cleaner, nor cleaueth so sone vnto the thinges caste in the mouldes: therefore some put a little of this water of whites of Egges, with the other Magistra made of salte. Other put to it a lyttle water of Gomme Arabick, addinge in all thinges iud∣gement, experience, and industry.

☞To make Lutum sapientiae verye parfytie.

TAke of the beste white potters earth that you can get, for in one place there is better than in another, that is to saye, of that whiche can best endure the fyre, as suche as they make pottes of in Padua, and likewise in Germany: for it is of such per∣fection, that the pottes whiche be made of it, and wher∣in they dresse their meate, may also serue to found me∣talles in. Take then of the beste, and specially if it must serue for a thinge that hath neede to be longe vppon a great fyre, otherwise, take suche as you can get. There is founde of it, that is of a graye colour, as the common sorte is, and also there is white, that men vse in some place of Vicence, whiche is like loaues of Gipsum, or plai∣ster, and is called of the Italians Florette de Chio. We here in Englande vppon the vse thereof, maye geue it what name we wyll. Potters vse of it in Venise, for to white the dishes, and other thinges, before they vernish or pollish them. There is also founde of it that is redde, as in Apulia, where there is greate quantitie, and that they call Boale, and is the very same that some Apoti∣caries do sell for Boale Armenick, and the Venitians vse of it, for to paynt redde the forefrontes of their hou∣ses, with lime, bricke, and Vermillion, coueringe it af∣terwarde with Oyle of line. This redde earth is the fattest, and the clammiest of all the rest, and therefore it cleaueth soonest by the fyre, if it be not tempered with some other substaunce. And because that all the sayed earthes be to fatte, the one more than the other, there∣fore men put to them some leane substaunce. Nowe, if you take of that of ashe colour, whiche is most commen, and the lest fatty, you may compose and make it in this maner. Take of the saied earth foure partes, of cloth-makers floxe or shearing, one part, ashes that haue ser∣ued in a buck, or other, half a part, drie horse donge, or the donge of an Asse, one part. If you will make it par∣fiter, put to it a fewe stamped brickes, and sparkes of yron: let all these thinges be well stamped, and sifted, that is to saye: the earth, the ashes, the horse donge, the

brickes, and the sparkes of yron: than mingle all toge∣ther, and make it into earth, and make a bedde thereof, vpon the whiche you shall caste by little and little, the floxe, as equally as you can. This doen, powre to it wa∣ter, styringe it well fyrste with a sticke, and than with a pallet broade at the ende. And whan all is well incor∣porated together, as you woulde haue it, laye it vppon some great borde, and beat it wel, and that a good space with some great staffe, or other instrument ofyron, min¦glinge and stearinge it well, for the lenger you beate it, the better it is. By this meane you shall haue a verye good claye for to lute or clay, and ioyne violles, flagons of glasse to still with, and bottels of gourdes for stilling and other great thinges, as furnesses and suche like, as we will declare afterwarde. But he that will make it with more ease, let him put the earth only, the flox, and the horse donge, with a fewe ashes. Some put no horse donge to it, and some no floxe, according to the purpose that they make it for. For to stop and close vp the mou∣thes of stillinge glasses, or violles, to thintent they take no vent on the fyre, the sayed clay wil be very good: ne∣uerthelesse men put to it two partes of quicke lime, and the whites of Egges, and then it wyl be surer to let no∣thinge vent out but the glasse it self. All kinde of clay or earth would be kept moist, and redy dressed for him that will occupy it continually, but it muste not be kepte to watery nor yet lefte to drye, for than it woulde serue for nothinge, seinge that after it is once hardened, a man can not dresse it anye more to do any good withal. And whan you put water to it, it is mollified by little and little aboue, and is as it were a sauce, but within remayneth harde, and if you put to much water to it, you marre it vtterlye. Therefore, whan you see that it beginneth to waxe drye, feede it a newe little and little with water, styringe it tyll it be well, and so shall you make it perfecte.

❀ Certayne thinges, whiche he that will take in hande any foundinge or castinge of metalles, must alwayes haue readye, and in ordre.

BEcause that instrumentes and mea∣nes, be those that make all thinges come oute of the workemans hande with a perfection, therfore, to the in∣tente that whan the tyme is come to beginne a worke, you be not vnfur∣nyshed, or sustayne domage for lacke of thinges necessary: Fyrst, let your coales be of strong woode, yonge and drye, your crosettes or melting pot∣tes without cleftes or chappes, and of graye coloure, which commonlie are better than the blacke, or white. you muste haue a little burde to geue it vent ouer the mouth of the croset, whiche is vncouered for certayne causes: a cane or reede to blowe awaye the ordure and fylth out of the croset, a thinge easier than with a payre of bellowes: an yron with a hoke, for to take the coales out of the croset or meltinge potte, and likewise a payre of tonges: a presse of woode to kepe faste and sure the fourmes or mouldes in pouringe in the mettal: two lit∣tle tables or more of walnut tree woode, or boxe, or of some other harde and massiue woode, or elles of copper made very euen and equall on euery side, for to tourne the mouldes, and to keepe theim steddye: two pieces of wolle, or more, to the intente, that if in fasteninge the mouldes in the presse, they be not equall and euen with out syde, these pieces may fil vp the empty place: a com∣passe and a rule for to parte and deuide the casting holes and pipe wherin the mettal must runne: an yron made like a scrapinge knife or rasoure, sharpe at the end, and edged at the sydes, suche as gilters do vse to make euen the castinge holes, or pipes of mouldes, the which wyll serue to make the breathinge hooles and pipes that the vapoure goeth out at whan the worke is made, and ha∣uinge no suche instrument, you may make them with

a knife, as handsomely as you can. You must also haue readye a little oyle, and turpentine in a dyshe, with a li∣tle paper, or some piece of linnen cloth to wette in the sayed oyle and turpentine, and to burne it, for to par∣fume the fourmes and mouldes whan they be well wi∣ped, to the intente the metall maye runne the better. And because that sometime such parfume filleth vp the holownesse and engrauing of the worke, you must haue a hares foote to wipe awaye the superfluitie of it, and also for to swepe together the dust, to thintent it fall not whan you will caste anye thinge in the mouldes. And than must you haue a brushe, or rubber of latin wyer, and one of sylke, suche as men make cleane combes with, for to rubbe and pollishe the worke, before it is fourmed and fashioned, to the intente to pollishe it and dresse a newe, as neede shall be, whan the worke is caste.

☞The maner or order that a man ought to kepe, wh••re ••e wyll cast or founde medalles, or any other thinge.

FIrste, you shall laye the medalle or o∣ther worke that you wyll caste, in a dyshe with stronge Vynaigre, Salte, and burned straw: than rubbe it well with your hande, vntill it be cleane: lykewise with a rubber, or brushe. This doen, washe it in freshe water, and wipe it with a linnen cloth. After this, laye vpon a table of hard wood, or of copper well pollyshed, half the moulde or fourme, that is to say, the female. And let the myddle parte, that is to saye, that whiche is ioyned to the other, be layed vpwarde vpon the table, in whiche thinges thus layed, you shall lay youre medalles, or the thinge you will fourme or fashion, and let it be cleane, as we haue saied, orderinge it in suche sorte, if there be but one, that it be iuste and directlye agaynste the con∣duyte or pype, and as lowe in the frame as it maye, to

the intente that the pipe or cundite may be the longer, and that it may haue metall ynough. If there be more than one, you shal order and set them on the sydes of the fourme or frame, and leaue place in the middle for to make the hole or pipe, to powre the metall in. And yf there be more then two, you muste beware that one re∣ceaue not the mettall of another, but make to euery one his little pipe or condite, whiche maye aunswere and come iustly to the pipe or hole in the middle. Then take one of the sayed fine earthes, wel sifted thorough a fine sarce, and whan you haue wel brayed it, put it in a plat¦ter, or great dishe, to the intente that in handelinge it, there go nothinge out, and you shall moiste it little and little, with the water called Magistra, mixinge it well with your handes, and rubbinge it so longe betweene your handes, that wringinge it with your fiste, it holde and cleaue together, but you must note, that I speake of moistinge it, and not of thorowe wettinge it, for it may not wete your hande in pressinge it, nor cleaue vnto your hande like past, but tha it onely holde together a little more or lesse then drye flower or meale, and being so wronge in your hand, it may breake in pieces whan you touche it with your fingar. And hauinge thus bro∣ught it to a fourme, lay it handsomely vpon the medals in the fourme or mould, with thendes of your fingars, and than with your hand wringe it, and presse it harde downe, not sparinge to presse it well, in puttinge vpon it the other little table, and pressing it down with your handes, as hard as you can, yea with all your might.

Than with a cutting yron with a right and euen edge, and with a ruler made iuste and euen by line the saied fourmes with the earth, cutting away handsomely, the earth that passeth ouer the saied mouldes, and so laye them vpon one of the pieces of wolle, and then the litle flat table, then you shal take with both your handes the two little tables, aboue and beneth, and holding theim fast together, turne handsomly y^• mouldes vpside down, and taking of the table, you shal se vnder the medals, in

lyftinge it vp, yf there be any earth entred in, if ther be, you muste take it awaye with the hares fote. Then, set¦ting the other part of the fourme or mould in his place, you shall fill it with the same earth, pressinge it well, as before, and makinge it euen and equall with the yron. Afterwarde, with the poynt of the yron, you shall lifte vp a little, at one of the corners, halfe the moulde or fourme, and take it of fayer and softly with your hand, and take out the medalles nimbly, touchinge them a li∣tle round about, with the point of a small penne or quil, if at the first they will not come oute, turninge downe∣ward that part of the mould wherin they did sticke whā you opened it. And if yet they will not come oute, strike them a crosse with the point of a knife, vntill, that tur∣ninge downewarde the mouldes, they come out. And if in case they be not wel printed, according to your mind, you may put theim agayne into theyr place, and presse theim againe: and hauinge set on both sides the twoo pieces of wolle, and the tables, close theim in the presse. Fynallye, with the saied shaue, or sharp yron, make the sayed pypes or conduites holowe, compassinge theim with your compasse, and rule, in suche sorte, that they come iuste and equally: than shall you trimme them so agaynste the fyre for to drye, tourning theim sometime, vntyll they be well dried. Then with a matche or wyke tempered or wette in Oyle, and Turpentyne, and be∣inge set on fire, smoke it, and if there remain any super∣fluous thinge, wipe it away with the hares foot. Then ioyne them together agayne, and hauing layde to them the wolle, and tables, wringe them a little in the presse, and in the meane time hauing made ready and molten the metall (yf it be syluer, or white copper, it is knowen by the shininge of it, and clearnesse in the melting pot: and if it be tinne, by castinge into it a stone, or some pa∣per, and that it burne it) you shall cast it, and the thinge shall go well, withoute anye other helpe or ayde, for to make it runne, sauynge that after the tynne is molten, put in a little, that is to saye, a twentith part of sublimatā

in respecte of the whole quantitie, and one ••••ghte parte of Antimonium: for besyde that these thinges make it runne well, they harden it and make it sownde well.

Then the mouldes beynge colde, take out handsomelye the medalles: and whan you will caste other, you muste parfume and smoke the mouldes agayn: and then presse them, and so cast your thinges as before, and do it as of∣ten as you thinke good. And if you see that the mouldes be not broken, and that you will kepe them for another tyme, you maye laye them in a drie place, and they wyll kepe well. Finallye, the sayde earth taken oute of the mouldes, brayed and sifted, will be alwayes better to serue your tourne. The medalles so caste, are sodden a∣gaine afterwarde, and waxe white, so that they be not of Tynne. Also you maye geue to all these medalles what colours you will, as we wil declare more at large hereafter.

☞To make a white, to blaunche and make white me∣dalles, or other thinges newlye molten, and also for to renewe medalles of olde syluer.

TAke the medalles, or other thinges newly foun¦ded or molten, or elles the olde ones that you will renewe, and laye theim vppon the coales, tourninge theim often, vntill they waxe of a graye coloure, than rubbe them with a brush of copper wyer, puttinge them afterwarde in this white coloure folowinge. Take salte water of the sea, or common wa∣ter salted, with a handfull of baye salte, wherin you shal put the lees of white wine, and Roche Alome rawe.

Boyle all this in a panne leaded: and if the worke be of copper, made white by anye sophistical substaunce, you shall put to it these thinges folowinge, that is to saye, Syluer heaten, or Siluerfoile, the weight of a Spanish Reall, Sal Armoniacke, waying three times as much, Salte Peter the weighte of flue Realles. All the sayed thinges beynge put in some potte of earth, with a couer

hauinge a••••ole in the middes, set them in the middle of the fyre, coueringe it with ashes and coales vp to the necke, and leaue it there so, vntill all the humoures be breathed out, then let all coole againe, and beate it into poulder very small. This doen, take an vnce of this sub¦stance, or somewhat more or lesse, and boile it in the saied white confection of the Salt water, onelye halfe a quarter of an howre, puttinge in the medalles, or other workes. Then poure out this water with the medalles into cleere and luke warme water, and after rubbe the medalles with the Tartre or lees, and other thinges that remayne in the potte: and hauinge wasshed theim well with freshe water, wype them drie.

¶To gylt yron with water.

TAke well, riuer, or conduite water, and for thre pounde of the same, take two of Roche Alome, an vnce of Romaine Vitriolle, the weight of a ponny of Verdegrese, thre vnces of Sal gemma an vnce of Orpimente, and let all botle together: and whan you se it boyle, put in lees called Tartre, and bay salte, of eche of them halfe an vnce, and whan it hath sodden a little while, take it from the fire, and paint the yron with all, than hauinge set it in the fyre to heate, burnishe it, and it is doen.

❀ The lyke another waye

TAke Oyle of line foure vnces, Tartre or wyne lees two vnces, the yelkes of egges hard rosted and stamped, two vnces, Aleo cicotrinum, an vnce Saffron a quarter of a dragme. Boile all these thinges together in a new earthen potte a good space, and if the oyle of line couer not all the saied substaunces put in more water vntil there be sufficient, then anoint your yron with this mixtion, hauing fyrst burnished it, and so shall you make it of the colour of golde.

☞To gylte yron with golde foile, and water, or elles with golde mixte with Quicke Syluer, as goldsmythes are wont to gilte siluer.

TAke Romayne vitriole an vnce, roche, Alome, two vnces, salte Armoniack an vnce: all these thinges beyng well beaten in poulder, and boi∣led in common water, take your yron wel bur∣nished, and wette it with the sayed water, rubbinge it well: than lay on your goldefoyle, and let it drye by the fyre. This doen, burnishe it with stone Hematite, as men are wont to do, and it wyll be verye fayre. If you will gilt with golde mixt with quicke syluer, as golde∣smithes vse to gilte syluer, you shall adde to the saied water, a dragme or Verdigreese, half an vnce of Subli∣matum, and let it boyle al together, than put your yron to boyle in the saied water: but if it be so greate that it can not go in, rubbe it with the saied boylinge water, and heate it, that it maye receiue the Amalgama of the quicke syluer and the gold, the which Amalgama we haue taughte you to make in the fift boke, in the chapiter of minglinge or mixinge golde. And whan you haue hea∣ted the yron, gylt it with the same golde so mixed with the quicke syluer, and smoke or fume it at the fyre with a lampe, or with Brimstone, as goldsmithes commonly do, or rather with waxe, wherof we wil hereafter shew you a very good maner and waye, and better then that is vsed in Germany, or in any place where it hath hi∣therto ben vsed.

¶To die or coloure into the colour of brasse, or also to gylte Syluer, whiche sheweth better, and continueth longer.

IT is a thinge most certaine, that gold set vpon white yron or syluer, sheweth not so fayre as v∣pon brasse: for as sone as it beginneth to weare a litle, men may see the whitenesse of the yron

or syluer, whiche is not so soone secne vpon anye redde coloure. Therefore many practiciens, whan they wyll gylte anye woode, or other thinge, laye the bottome or grounde (not of redde, as the most part do) but of yelow to the intente that the golde shall not so soone appeare worne, as vpon the redde, and more vpon the white.

The sayed yellow can not be laide vpon yron or syluer: but leauing all this aside, whan you will gilt syluer, or geue a colour of brasse vnto yron, you shall do after this maner. Take verdet, or Verdegrise, Vitriol of Almain, and salt Armoniacke, at your discretion, but let the Vi∣triole be of a greater quantitie than the other thinges: put all this well beaten in poulder into stronge Vinai∣ger, letting it boile halfe an houre. And when you haue taken it from the fyre, while the substaunces be yet boi∣linge, you shall put in your yron that you will coloure, coueringe well the pot with his couer, and with cloth vpon it that it vent not out, and so let it coole, and you shall haue your yron well coloured, of a brasen coloure, and thus maye you gilte it with quicke syluer, as yf it were brasse. Esteme this as a goodly secrete, and also profitable.

☞A water or colour to laye vnder Diamondes, as well true as counterfeite, that is to saye, made of white Sa∣phyres, as we wyll declare afterwarde.

TAke the smoke of a candell, gathered together in the bottome of a basen, and make it into a dowe with a little oyle of Masticke: than putte the saied mixtion vnder the Diamonde in the ringe, where you wyll set it.

☞To counterfayte a Diamonde, with a white Saphyre.

THis secrete is knowen well ynough of the Iewellars, that vse almoost all one maner indifferent good: but we (after we haue de∣scribed theyr fashion) will shewe you a way far better. They take a Saphire of a good white coloure, and set it in the fire in a goldsmithes cro¦set amonge the fylinge of yron, or of golde, thinking be∣cause it is of great value, that it is better for such a pur∣pose, but yet the fylinge of yron is a great deale better. They let this fylinge or rubbysh of yron become almost redde, without meltinge it, and cast theyr Saphire into it, leauing it therein a prety while. And after they haue taken it out, if the white colour like a Diamond do not like them, they cast it in agayne, and so often, tyll they se it be to their fantasie, than they set it in a ringe, and colour it as before. Nowe here foloweth another waye a great deale better. Take white smalte well beaten in poulder, and mingle it with the sayed filinge of Golde, or yron, but so that there be as muche smalte as filinge, then take a little other smalte withoute fylynge, and make it into dowe, with your spettle, and in this dowe wrappe your Saphire, and let it dry well at the fyre.

This doen, tye it at the ende of a small and fine wyer, and leaue the other ende so longe that you maye plucke it out whan you will. Afterwarde couer it with the said filinges, and leaue it so on the fyre a certaine space, vn∣tyll the filinge be very hote, as is aforesayd, but so that in no case it melt: than plucke out once youre Saphire, to se if the colour please you, if not put him in agayne vntill it be fayre to your minde.

☞To ingrosse thinne Ballesses to set in ringes.

IF you haue Ballesses as thinne as paper, dresse them of what greatnes or largenesse you wyll, and take a piece of fine Cristall coloured lyke a Balles: then take a great graine of Mastick, the whiche you shall sticke vpon the pointe of a knife, and

heate it well agayne the fyre, and sodaynlye it wil caste out a little droppe like the teare of a mans eye, hauing a lustre like a pearle, with the whiche droppe, glewe on the saied Balles vpon the Cristall, and feare not that it will gather to a lumpe, or hinder the colour: Then pol∣lishe it, and geue it a lustre, and so set it in golde, and it will be very fayer, and seeme to be veryly a Balles.

☞To make Rubies of twoo pieces, and Emeraudes, as they make them at Mylan.

TAke the drop or teare of Masticke, wher∣of we haue spoken in the Chapiter be∣fore, and if you will make Emeraudes, you shall coloure it with Spanish grene tempered and mingled with Oyle, put∣tinge to it a little waxe, if neede be, and if it be to thicke, temper it with water: But if you will make Rubies, take Gomme Arabicke, Alom succarine, rawe Roche Alome, as much of the one as of the other, and let it boyle all together in common water: than put into the sayd water some Brasill cutte small, and let it seeth, puttinge to it some Alome Catine so called, be∣cause it is boyled in a caudron, of the whiche the more there is, the darcker it will be: then take the droppe of Masticke abouesaid, and colour it with the saied redde. This doen, take two pieces of Cristal, dressed and trim¦med with the whele, of what fashion and greatnes you will, so that the piece whiche you will laye vppermoste, be not so greate as the other vnderneth, that is to saye, the one dressed vpon the other, as the nayle vpon the fin¦ger, iust on euery side. After this lay that vnderneth, v∣pon a little fire pan, or some other instrumente of yron on the coales, that the saied Cristall may be verye hote, and than touche it vpon with the saied redde droppe or teare, whiche you shall take vppon the ende of a sticke: but it must be so hote that it may droppe downe the bet∣ter: and whan you see that the sayde piece of Cristall is

coloured ynoughe, you shall take the other lesser piece, that muste be set aboue, whiche lykewise must be hote, and set it vpon the saied droppe, and it wyll congluti∣nat•• and glew together the two pieces of Cristal, with¦out causinge any thicknesse or let vnto the lustre of the Rubie, the whiche will be cleare and brighte on euerye syde. Afterward set it in your ringe, settinge to the Ru∣by the redde leafe, and the grene to the Emerauldes, as we will teach you hereafter how to make the said leaues for all kinde of stones, as well fine, as artificiall.

❀ To make a paste or dowe for precious stones, as Emeraul¦des, Rubies, Saphyrs, and such like, which be but of one piece, well coloured within and without.

TAke potters lead burned, iii. vnces, and put it in as much water as will couer it a finger or two highe: then stirre it with your finger, letting it go down to the bottome. Afterward poure out the water, whiche wyll serue for to wette within side the earthen pot leaded, to thintent that the matter cleaue not to the sydes of it, wherin you put all the substaunce. Than take other .iij vnces of Vermillion dried, and mingle it with the sayd leade, then an vnce of Cristall calcined and burned, or elles of a Calcidoine stone, with .xiiij. or .xvj. carattes at the moost, of Rubricke, or sparkes of Copper. All these thinges well stamped, and mingled together, you shall put in a pot of earth leaded, well wette within with the said water of the lead: then couer it, and set it in a glasse makers furneis, by the space of thre or foure dayes, and you shall haue a very fayre paste or dowe, the which you may cause to be dressed with the wheele, as you wil. At Venise men bye the stone for a grote or sixe pence at the moost. And for to make yellow stones, you shal put to it the rust or rubbishe of yron. And to make Rubies, put to it Cynople or redde leade: and in those that be of co∣lours, you shall folowe the order that we wyl teach you hereafter.

❀ To make Emerauldes, and other stones or Iewelles.

TAke Sal alcali, and dissolue it in water, distillinge it thorough a felt, and drye it, then dissolue it a∣gayne, and drie it so three times, afterward beat it into poulder: then take fine Cristall; and cause an Apoticarye to stampe and sift it for you, as they do Cristall prepared. Then take two vnces and a halfe of the saied Cristal, of Sal alcali, two vnces, Spanish grene an vnce, fyrste tempered and stieped in Vinaygre, and than strained. The sayd thre poulders, you shal put in a vessell, as in a newe earthen pot leaded, the whiche pot you shall lute and clay ouer, and couer it that it take no vent, then leaue it so clayed and luted the space of three dayes, the longar the better, vntill all be thorowe drye. Afterwarde, you shall putte it in a potters furneis, the space of .xxiiij. houres. Then take the sayde compositi∣on, and dresse it as men do fyne stones, and you shall haue them excellent. And if you wyll haue Rubies, put Cinople to it, in steade of Spanishe greene. If you wyll haue Saphirs, put to it Lapis Lasuli, But if you wil haue Iacinthes, you muste put in Corall in steade of greene Verderame, as is before sayed.

❀ To calcine or burne Crystall and the calcidoyne stone, to put in the saied mixtions of precious stones.

TAke Tartre calcined and burned an vnce, and dis∣solue it in a dishe full of cleare water, then strayne it out, and take the pieces of Cristall, or Calcidoin stone, and heate them vpon the fyre in an yron ladle or fyre panne: than quenche them in the water that is in the dyshe: take theim oute, and heate theim agayne, and quenche theim as before in the same water, doinge so syxe or seuen tymes, and they shall be verye well cal∣cined and burned. Then beat them fynely into poulder and put it into the sayd mixtion. Neuertheles remēber, that if you wil make Emerauldes, you must beat y^e said

substaunces to poulder in a brafen morter: but if you will make Rubies: or other, you muste stampe theim in an yron morter, and beware that they touche not the brasse,

☞A water to harden the saied stones.

BEcause that all the saied artificiall stones are commonlye bryttle, for to harden them, do as foloweth. Take little pieces of Calamita, and calcine them as you didde the Cristall: then beate them into poulder, and putte it in a moyste place, vntill it be turned and dissolued into water, with y^e whiche you shal knede Vitriole Almaine, or Romayne, raw, without making it redde: then make thereof a softe paste or dow, or elles a syroppe, whiche you shall still in a glasse or Viol with a croked necke, or in an vrinal, and with the water that commeth of it, you shall knede barly flower, makinge a harde past, in the whiche you shall wrappe your masse of stones, made as is before said, or the stones self, whan they be dressed and fashioned with the whele: then put them, so wrapped in the same paste, into an ouen with a bache of breade, and take them out with the breade. And whan you haue taken of the paste, you shall finde your stones harde, as if they were naturall. If you se it be neede, you may couer theim with the sayd paste, and bake them againe in the ouen, and than shall you haue them parfite and harde.

☞To calcine fyne syluer.

SEinge that we are entered into the matter of calcininge, we will shewe you the calci∣nation of fine syluer, and than of Talcum, as we haue promised before. There be diuers wayes of calcininge syluer, wherof we wil

put here three of the best. Take fine syluer beaten very fine and thinne, then cut it in pieces as bigge as a Spa¦nishe ryall, or more or lesse, for it maketh no great mat∣ter: then take a croset, or an erthen potte, and lay in the bottome of it a rancke of common salte, not white, nor prepared or trimmed to eate, but euen as it cometh out of the salines or salt panne, and it must be stamped very small. Vpon this salt you shall laye likewise a rancke of the sayd pieces of syluer, and then another of salte, and another of siluer, and so consequently as longe as your syluer lasteth, in such sorte, that the last rancke may be of salte, and that good and thicke: then couer all this with a paper, lutinge and clayinge well the croset, or little earthen potte, and leauinge a little hole in the co∣ueringe the biggenesse of a goose quill. And whan it is drie, couer it ouer, and rounde aboute, with coales and embers, and leaue it in suche a fyre, at the least three or foure houres: then hauing taken it out, and all beyng coole, open the croset, and take out the pieces of Syluer one after another, makinge theim cleane that the salte stick not vpon them. And if you perceiue that they be so brittle that you may break them with your finger, like a crust of bread, it is done & made: if not, put them again into the croset or pot, setting them in the fyre as before. And to make it perfitly, you ought to do this thre tymes or more. This doen, make your siluer into poulder, and wash it in a dishfull of hote water, & let it sincke to the bottom. After, straine out the water so handsomly, that you lose no part of y^e said poulder: or to auoid al daūgers passe it thorow a felt: this doen, put other hote water to it, & straine it out as before, so often tyll you may know by the tast of the water, that al the salt is purged away. Than shal your syluer be well calcined, & diminished of the weight, dried, and become frō his nature into a mas∣sif part, and somwhat like vnto gold. Thus wil it serue you for diuers thinges, if you can dresse it wel. The like is done with Talcum, in steade of common salt: but than you nede not wasshe it in hote water. Some calcyne it

with salte, or Talcum twelue or .xv. times, and more, to the intent to haue it more massiue and sounder, and more commodious to take colour. It maye be also doen in this manner, that is to saye, to melte the syluer in a Goldsmithes meltinge pot, and for euerye vnce of the same, to put in a pound or more of Brimstone stamped, and that little and little. True it is, that so it wyll con∣sume more than by the salte, or Talcum, but it shall be farre better if the Brimstone be fyrst purged in stronge lye (that is to saye, made with stronge ashes, and quicke lime, or such lyke thinges.) Nowe let vs come to the o∣ther maners of calcininge syluer.

☞The second maner of Calcininge syluer.

TAke Aqua fortis seperatiua, made with Salt peter and Alome, as we haue before declared, then take fine siluer, fyled or pollished, or beaten into leaues, or made in small pieces, or graines, that is to saye, of the sayd syluer one parte, and of aqua fortis, thre partes, and haue the saied water in a violl: then put in the saied syluer, and you shall se it will inconti∣nent beginne to boyle, and that the bottome of the viol will be hote if the water be good. Let it so boyle, vntyll it boyle nor eate no more, holdinge styl the violl in your hande, or settinge it in some place farre from the fyre. But if the water be not stronge, you must set it a lyttle to the fyre, holdinge styll the violl in youre hande vpon the embers, or elles you may set it vpon a fewe asshes, or vpon some little furneis. And whan it hath lefte boy∣linge, and eaten all the syluer, you shall se the water waxe greene, so that there shall remaine no syluer in the bottome, if that the water were well calcined and burned: for than it would make as it were white lyme at the bottome, or if there were any golde in the syluer, it would make it descende to the bottome in little round pieces, like pearles, or like sande. Nowe, after that the sayd syluer is dissolued, and eaten of the sayd aqua fortis,

you shall take another violl bigger, or an vrinal, or ear∣then pot half full or more of well or riuer water, wher∣into you haue dissolued, and haue in a readines a good handfull of common white salte: then let the saied wa∣ter be strayned two or three tymes. This doen, you shal poure the aqua fortis whiche dissolued the syluer into the salte water, leauing it so the space of .iiij. or six houres: then shal you finde at the bottome as it were a bedde of herbes or greene rushes, whiche shall be the syluer dis∣solued, and the salt aqua fortis, and also a part of the com∣mon salt that you did put in. Afterwarde distill the said water by a felt, and take the syluer that is so discended to the bottome, and put it in a croset, coueringe it well, to thintent there fall no ordure nor fylth into it: than bury and couer it ouer and ouer in hote burninge em∣bers, coueringe it wel also with fyre, that it may burne the space of .iij. houres or more. Finally, let it coole wel agayne, and poure the siluer oute of the croset, into a dishefull of hote water, stirring it a little together with your fingar, and than let it rest: and after poure out fayr and softly the said water, and put in other, doing as be∣fore, vntill the water waxe no more salt. This doen, let the syluer drye, whiche shall be very well calcined for to serue your turne in any thinge that you will.

☞The thirde maner of calcining syluer.

YOu shal mixe together into dowe or paste called Amalgama, one part of siluer leaues, with thre or four partes of quick siluer, as we haue declared in the fift boke, in the chapter of the maner how to bray gold: then bray this Amalgama, or paste, with co∣mon salt, and set it to the fyre vntill the quick syluer be vanished awaye, afterward wash it with hote water, so much and so often, that the water be no more salt, then shall you haue your syluer calcined. After this, if you thinke good, you maye braye it againe with other salt, without other quick siluer: and then put it to the fire in

a croset, three or foure houres, and washe it againe, as is aforesayde.

To calcine Talcum quickly out of hande.

BEcause that Talcum is a thing of so great importaunce, and so muche desyred of all good wittes, menne haue founde diuers wayes to calcine it, the whiche teache vs that we must put to it twise as much salt peter as common salte, or rawe Tartre with the Talcum, and then put all this in a furneis cer∣tayne dayes, and then to seperate the salte or Tartre, with hote water. Other heate it vppon the coales, and quenche it in pysse, and do it often times. Other ther be that wrappe it in litle white pieces of wollen cloth, and put it in the midees of a great fyre, the space of halfe an houre, or more, and than they finde it thorowly molten and all in a light piece, and full of hooles like a sponge, not much differing from burned Alome. All the whiche wayes, to say the trueth, are nothing worth, nor do not perfectly calcine it, where they corrupt the nature of the Tartre, and make it become lyke vnto quicke lyme, or Alome, or elles of little strength. Nowe, for to calcine it out of hand and perfectly, you shal take the Talcum rawe and made into little leaues, or stamped as wel as is pos∣sible, and than put it in a croset, or in a fyre pan among the hote coles. And whan it is very hote, or rather redde hote, you shal put to it drop by drop, distilled Vineaigre wherein Tartre hath ben dissolued, and put therevnto the thirde part of Aqua vite, pouring it by little and lit∣tle vpon the hote lees or Tartre, that is to say, thre vn∣ces of Vynaigre for euery pound of Talcum: then take it from the fire, and you shal find it fayr and wel calcined. Finally, you shal washe it with hote water, to thintent to seperate the lees or Tartre from it. It is calcined al∣so, beinge made in leaues as thin as is possible, layinge them by ranckes or beddes, with little flat pieces of syl∣uer,

in a croset luted and clayed, than put them in a fur∣neis where glasse or bricke is made, by the space of four or fiue dayes. The like is doen also with little pieces of Tynne.

☞An excellent and very easy waye to gilte yron, cop∣per, and syluer, to make it seeme lyke massyue golde.

FIrst if you wil gilt siluer, or iron, you must geue it the colour of copper, as we haue aforesaid? than take beaten gold, which you shal mixe with quick syluer, and make Amalgama or paste thereof, as is said before, and shal put the said Amalgama in a litle dishe, vpon the whiche you shal poure the iuyce of a frute called Cu∣cumis asininus, such a quantitie that it maye be aboue the sayd substaunces a fingar high. Kepe this gold thus pre¦pared and trimmed, and couer it, to thintent there fall no filth nor ordure into it, which you may vse and occu¦py whan you wil. Afterward, the thinges that you wil gilt, must be very cleane, and well polished, then with a pensell you shall geue them of the said gold so prepared with quick syluer, and as it were dissolued, rubbynge it well all aboute. If you wyll not do so, you maye gylte after the common maner of goldsmithes: yet notwith∣standinge with golde made into Amalgama, or mixed as is aforesayed, chafinge the worke that you will gylte with Aqua fortis, as they do. Then make the quicke syl∣uer vanishe away, as the goldsmithes of Italy comon∣ly do, that is to say, with a lampe of line seed Oyle, and with Brimstone, and make afterwarde a gylt vpon the worke, that is lyke Saffron. But I counsell you to vse this maner in the chapiter folowinge, whiche is partly the same that the goldsmithes do vse, in Fraunce and elles where, but it is muche amended, and this is it.

☞A parfyt maner and waye to gilte, and to make the quick syluer to vanish away from the thinge gylted.

PVt in a pan the rubbish or scumme of copper, and the filinge of yron, then poure vpon it stronge Vynaigre not distilled, as much as wil couer it two or three fingars high. Let it boyle so the space of an houre, then poure out the said Vineaigre, and put in other, letting it boile as before, and do thus foure or six times. Afterward make the sayd Vynaigres put together, to euaporate or drye vp, or elles make it distill oute, for to haue one vynaigre of it, whiche will be good for manye thinges. This doen, you shal put vnto the sayd poulder remaining at the bottome, the eight parte of Almayne Vitriole, and as muche of Ferrerum of Spaine, and the half of an eight parte of salte Armoniacke, with a little Brimstone: then into a little molten waxe with a little Oyle of line, or Oyle Olyue, you shal put little and lit∣tle the saied poulders well mingled together. Fynallye take that whiche you haue couered with the saied Amal∣gama of golde and quick syluer, and with a pensyll couer and lay it ouer well with the sayed waxe so mixed, than put it, so cyred, in the middes of hote burninge coales, and let it burne and consume all the waxe. This doen, you shall haue suche a gylt, that it shall be like massiue golde. And at the ende you may pollish it with brusshes of copper wyre and colde water, or you may burnishe it as you wyll.

The ende of the Secretes of Dom Alexis of Piemount.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Xylobalsa∣mum. The wood whereof na∣tural balme commeth.
• * 1.2

  Sorbū latin. Frēch. Corme There gro∣weth none ī England, & therfore we haue no En∣glishe name for it, sauīg som english it, and cal it seruis beries
• * 1.3

  A defēsife is made when a surgien wil lay any dra∣wing or hea¦ling plaister vpon or to a wounde, he maketh some oynt∣mēt restrain ••iue because it shall not drawe or heale to fast, and that is called a defensife.
• * 1.4

  achees called of the apoti∣caries bisma¦lua or ma∣luiscus and in Latyne hibiscus or Athaea.
• * 1.5

  Coagulum Leporis dela pressure de lieure.
• * 1.6

  Lacca de graine, is a certaine con¦fection or mixtion, made of graine, and are little rounde red balles. Lac∣ca is a Tur∣kish worde, and not v∣sed amonge vs, but a∣monges the Italians,
• * 1.7

  Sola India fert Hebenū
• * 1.8

  Sap green is made with the berries of a Dogge berry tree
• * 1.9

  Ireos, a kind of floure de¦luce called in latin R••∣phaniti••
• * 1.10

  Alexis spea¦keth of Ita∣ly, and not the transla∣tour of En∣gland.