Ancient funerall monuments within the vnited monarchie of Great Britaine, Ireland, and the islands adiacent with the dissolued monasteries therein contained: their founders, and what eminent persons haue beene in the same interred. As also the death and buriall of certaine of the bloud royall; the nobilitie and gentrie of these kingdomes entombed in forraine nations. A worke reuiuing the dead memory of the royall progenie, the nobilitie, gentrie, and communaltie, of these his Maiesties dominions. Intermixed and illustrated with variety of historicall obseruations, annotations, and briefe notes, extracted out of approued authors ... Whereunto is prefixed a discourse of funerall monuments ... Composed by the studie and trauels of Iohn Weeuer.

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Ancient funerall monuments within the vnited monarchie of Great Britaine, Ireland, and the islands adiacent with the dissolued monasteries therein contained: their founders, and what eminent persons haue beene in the same interred. As also the death and buriall of certaine of the bloud royall; the nobilitie and gentrie of these kingdomes entombed in forraine nations. A worke reuiuing the dead memory of the royall progenie, the nobilitie, gentrie, and communaltie, of these his Maiesties dominions. Intermixed and illustrated with variety of historicall obseruations, annotations, and briefe notes, extracted out of approued authors ... Whereunto is prefixed a discourse of funerall monuments ... Composed by the studie and trauels of Iohn Weeuer.
Author
Weever, John, 1576-1632.
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London :: Printed by Thomas Harper. 1631. And are to be sold by Laurence Sadler at the signe of the Golden Lion in little Britaine,
[1631]
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Subject terms
Sepulchral monuments -- England -- Early works to 1800.
Epitaphs -- England -- Early works to 1800.
England -- Biography -- Early works to 1800.
Link to this Item
http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A14916.0001.001
Cite this Item
"Ancient funerall monuments within the vnited monarchie of Great Britaine, Ireland, and the islands adiacent with the dissolued monasteries therein contained: their founders, and what eminent persons haue beene in the same interred. As also the death and buriall of certaine of the bloud royall; the nobilitie and gentrie of these kingdomes entombed in forraine nations. A worke reuiuing the dead memory of the royall progenie, the nobilitie, gentrie, and communaltie, of these his Maiesties dominions. Intermixed and illustrated with variety of historicall obseruations, annotations, and briefe notes, extracted out of approued authors ... Whereunto is prefixed a discourse of funerall monuments ... Composed by the studie and trauels of Iohn Weeuer." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A14916.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed June 16, 2024.

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CHAP. XI. Of the conuersion of this our Nation from Paganisme to Christianity, including generally the Foundations of religious houses in the same; and the pietie in the Primitiue times; both of religious and Lay persons.

OF the conuersion of this our Island, from Paganisme to Christianity, diuers authenticall Authors, both ancient and moderne, haue written at large: a little then of so much will suffice for this present Discourse.

Christiana doctrina sexaginta octo plus minus annorum spacio,* 1.1 post pas∣sionem Domini nostri Iesu Christi, totum fere orbem peruagata est; within the space of threescore and eight yeares, or thereabouts, after the death and passion of our Lord and Sauiour Iesus Christ, Christian Religion was spread almost ouer the face of the whole world. And so fruitfull and famous was this spreading of the Gospell, that Baptista Mantuan, a Christian Poet, compares the increase thereof with that of Noah, thus alledging vnto it.

Sicutaquis quondam Noe sua misit in orbem Pignora sedatis, vt Gens humana per omnes Debita caelituum Patri daret orgia terras; Sic sua cum vellet Deus alta in regna reuerti, Discipulos quosdam transmisit ad vltima mundi, Littora, docturos Gentes, quo numina ritu Sint oranda, quibus caelum placabile Sacris. As Noah sent from the Arke his sonnes, to teach The Lawes of God vnto the world aright; So Christ his Seruants sent abroad to preach The word of life, and Gospell to each wight; No place lay shadowed from that glorious Light. The farthest Isles, and Earths remotest bounds. Embrac'd their Faith, and ioy'd at their sweet sounds.

Now to speake of the conuersion of this Island out of a namelesse Au∣thour,* 1.2 who writes a booke De regnis & Gentibus ad Christi sidem conuersis, thus:

Prima Prouinciarum omnium (sicut antiquissimi Historiarum Scripto∣res memoriae prodidere, quorum etiam authoritatem M. A. Sabellicus inter nostrae aetatis recentiores est sequutus) Britannia Insula, publico consensu, Christi fidem accepit.

The first of all Prouinces or farre countries (as ancient Historiographers haue deliuered to memory; whose authority M. A. Sabellicus, one amongst the late writers of our age, doth principally follow) this Island of Britaine, by common consent, receiued the Christian faith. The glorious Gospell of Iesus Christ (saith Gildas Albanius,* 1.3 surnamed the wise, the most ancient of our British Historians) which first appeared to the world in the later time of Tyberius Caesar, did euen then spread his bright beames vpon this frozen

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Island of Britaine. And it is generally receiued for a truth, that Ioseph of Arimathea (who buried the body of our Sauiour Christ) laid the founda∣tion of our faith in the West parts of this kingdome, at the place, or little Island, as then called Aualon, now Glastenbury; where he with twelue dis∣ciples his assistants, preached the Gospell of life vnto the Islanders, and found meanes there to build a Church or Oratorie of wreathen wands, as also a little cell thereunto adioyning; and this was the first religious house dedicated to the seruice of the true God in all Britaine: and these religious men the first beginners or founders of that famous fenny-seated Monastery, which is partly standing at this day, of which more hereafter, when I come to speake of the religious Foundations in Somersetshire. In the meane while will you reade what our countreyman Iohn Capgraue (in his Catalogue of English Saints) writes of Iosephs comming into this kingdome. Thus in English.

Ioseph with his sonne Iosephes (saith he) and ten more of his assistants, sent hither by Philip the Apostle out of France, for the inhabitants salua∣tion, preached zealously, and without feare, the true and liuely faith; Ar∣uiragus as then swaying the Scepter of this land. The which Aruiragus, howsoeuer he was vnwilling at the first, to giue them entertainment, or to heare them preach any doctrine repugnant to the traditions of his prede∣cessours, yet because they came from such a farre remote countrey as the holy Land, and that he saw their ciuill behauiour, their sanctitie, and strict course in the manner of their life and conuersation, he gaue them a certaine Island to inhabite, in the West part of his dominions, all compassed about with lakes and standing waters, called Ynswitrim, or the glassie Isle; of which (saith he) a certaine Metrician made this Tetrastich.

Intrat Analoniam duodena caterua virorum, Flos Arimathie Ioseph est primus eorum. Iosephes ex Ioseph genitus patrem comitatur, Hijs alijsque decemius Glasconie propriatur.

George Owen Harry, in his Pedigrees, vpon report from others, saith, Ioseph brought ouer with him his sister Eurgaine, who afterwards married a Britaine, whose name was Starklos.

Iohn Harding, in his Chronicle of England, will haue fourteene to ac∣company Ioseph in this iourney, and that amongst many Britaines conuer∣ted by them to the Christian faith; Aruiragus the king was one, to whom Ioseph gaue a shield of the Armes, which now we call S. George his Armes; such are the rimes in the English of those dayes, two hundred yeares since or thereabouts.

* 1.4Ioseph full holy and full wyse Of Arymathie wyth his felowes fourtene, Into this lond then came and gaue contene In Bretayne then this Ioseph dyd conuerte Brytons, as how to know the incarnacyon, Afore that Paynyms, and also peruerte He taught them of his conuersacyon, Of his passyon, and his resurrectyon.

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Wyth other thynges as the Chronycler sayth, That apperteyneth to Christes fayth. Ioseph conuerted king Aruiragus By hys prechyng, to knowe the lawe deuyne, And baptyzed hym as written hath Nennius The Cronycler in Bretayn tongue full syne. And to Chryst lawe made hym enclyne. And gaue hym a sheld of siluer whyte, A crosse endlong, and ouertwhart full perfyte. These Armes were vsed throughout all Bretayn For a common sygne eche manne to know his nacyon From enemyes, whiche now we call certayn, Saint Georges Armes by Nenius enformacyon. And thus these Armes by Iosephs creacyon, Full long afore Saint George was generate Were worshcipt here of mykell elder date.

The seeds of true Religion thus sowne by the said Ioseph and his asso∣ciates; neare or vpon (for about this accompt there is some difference amongst writers) the yeare of our Sauiour Christ one hundred and foure∣score, Lucius (surnamed Leuer Maur,* 1.5 which signifies great brightnesse) king of the Britaines; vpon his request made to Eloutherius Bishop of Rome (for as then, and many yeares after, the title of Pope was altogether vn∣knowne) two learned Diuines were sent vnto him from the said Bishop, at whose hands he receiued the lauer of baptisme. And so it sell out (our Histo∣ries say) that not onely his wife and family accompanied him in that hap∣pie course,* 1.6 but Nobles also and Commons, Priests and people, high and low, euen all the people within his Territories. And that generally all their Idols were then defaced; the Temples of them conuerted into Churches, for the seruice of God, the liuings of their idolatrous Priests appointed for the maintenance of the Priests of the Gospell: and that instead of 25. Fla∣mines or high Priests of their idols, there were ordained 25 Bishops, as also for three Archflamines, three Archbishops, whereof one was seated at London, another at Yorke, and a third at Caerlion vpon the riuer Vske in Wales. Of all which will it please you peruse a few lines penned by my foresaid Author, Iohn Harding.

In the yere of Christes incarnacyon, An hundryd fourescore and tenne, Eleuthery the first, at supplicacyon Of Lucius, sente hym twoo holy menne, That called wer * 1.7 Faggan and Duvyen, That baptyzed hym and all his realme throughoute, With hertes glad, and laboure deuoute. Thei taught the folke, the lawe of Christ eche daye, And halowed all the temples in Christes name. All mawment, and Idoles caste awaye Through all Bretayn, of all false Goddes the same, The Temples, Flamines the Idoles for to shame,

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Thei halowed eke and made Bishoppes Sees, Twenty and eight at diuers grete citees, Of three Archflamines, thei made Archbishoprikes One at London, Troynouant that hight, For all Logres, with lawes full authentikes To rule the Church and Christentee in right. Another at Carlyon a towne of might, For all Cambre; at Ebranke the thirde From Trent North, for Albany is kide.

* 1.8Robert the Monke of Gloucester, an old rimer, who writes the language of our fathers about foure hundred yeares since, doth summarily thus tell you, how Ioseph planted, and Luciu established the doctrine of Christ in this our kingdome of Britaine. His liues you will say are neither strong nor smooth; yet perhaps they may giue your palate variety: and as you like them, you shall haue more hereafter.

Lucie Coeles sone aftur hym kyng was To fore hym in Engelond Chrestondom non nas For he * 1.9 hurde ofte miracles at Rome, And in meny anothur stede, * 1.10 yat thurgh Christene men come, He wilnede anon in hys herte to * 1.11 fong Christendom. Therfor messagers wyth good letters he * 1.12 nom, That to the pape Eleutherie hasteliche wende; And yat he to hym and his menne xpendom sende. And yat he myghte servy God he wilned muche therto And seyd he wold noght be glad er hit wer ydo. * 1.13Tho ye Pape hurde thes * 1.14 twey hly men: be sende, Phagan and Damian hys soul to amende. The ryghte beleue to teche; and yaf him xpendom That folke faste aboute wide ther to com. Thys was an hundryd sixti yer and too Aftur God was ybore, this dede was ydoo, Thus come lo xpendom into Brutayne lond. But ther wer erst som preneliche xpendom had de fond, As atte the plas of Glastyngbury Ioseph of Arimathie, Liued ther in Christes lay wyth hij companie: Ther wer tho in Brutayne false lawes to lere, Eyght and twenty chese stedes Byshopriches as it were, And thre Erchtemples as hit wer heyghest of echon, London, and Ebrackwike, and therto Caerlyon. The King and other hely men destruyde hem alle yfere, And eyghte and twenty Bishops in hure stede dude rere. And the Erchbishopes ther, &c.

A little more in another place to the same purpose, if you be not already weary of reading thus much.

The Pape Eleutherie that sende huder furst Chrestendom, Was the XIII Pape that aftur Peter com:

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The descyples yat he huder sende xpendom to bring By lefte in wildernesse aftur hure prechyng That * 1.15 me * 1.16 clupeth Glastyngbury that desert was tho And ther by come Monckes and nome to hem mo Phagan and Damian chief of hem wer And othur mo that loued best to liue and dwelle ther Becaus that Ioseph of Arimathic and hys felowes twelue Thulk plas chosen had to wonne ther by hem selue. And ther wyth hure own honds had rerde a Church Of hurdles and of yerds as * 1.17 hij * 1.18 coud worche And held ther by hem self the law of xpendom And yat was longe er xpendom to kyng Lucie com.

The foundation of the famous Colledge of Bangor in Wales is ascri∣bed to this king Lucius; in which so many hundreds of Monkes liued de∣uoutly, and religiously, by the labour of their owne hands, according to this peece of my foresaid Author.

In the Citie of Bangor a gret hous tho was, And ther vndyr * 1.19 vij * 1.20 cellens and ther of ther nas That CCC Monckes hadde othur mo And alle by hure trauayle lyuede; loke now if they do so.

From the time of king Lucius vntill the entrance of Austin the Monke, called the Englishmens Apostle, which was foure hundred and some few yeares, the Christan faith was alwayes both taught and embraced in this Island; notwithstanding the continuall persecutions of the Romanes, Huns, Picts, and Saxons, which last, made such desolation in the outward face of the Church, that they droue the Christian Bishops into the desarts of Corn∣wall and Wales; by whose labours the Gospell was plentifully propaga∣ted amongst those vast mountaines; and those parts aboue all other made glorious, by the multitudes of their holy Saints and learned Teachers. Of which a namelesse Author mentioned by Speed. Hist. cap 9.

Sicut erat celebris cultu numeroque Deorum; Cum Iouis imperium staret, Britannica tellus; Sic vbi terrestres coelo descendit ad oras Expectata salus, patribus fuit inclyta sanctis. Qui Neptunicolum campos, & Canibrica rura Coryneasque casas loca desolata, colebant.
As were the Britaines famous for their zeale To Gentile Gods, whiles such they did adore; So, when the Heau'ns to Earth did Truth reueale, Bless'd was that Land with Truth and Learning store. Whence British plaines and Cambrias desert ground, And Cornewalls crags, with glorious Saints abound.

About the yeare six hundred, Christian Religion in this Island, being almost totally eclipsed by seuerall persecutions, Pope Gregory the first, be∣ing zealously moued for the reconuersion of this English Nation, sent hither

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Austin the Monke, with other his associates; to kindle anew the sparkes of Christianity, which were couered in the cinders of Pagans desolation. The story is frequent, and I shall often touch vpon it. Ethelbert being as then king of Kent, receiued holy Baptisme by the said Austin, being principally induced thereunto, by Berta his wife and Queene, a Christian, daughter to Chilperuk king of France. Christianity being thus receiued by him, the most potent king of the Saxons.

Regis ad exemplum totus componitur orbis.
The good example of the King His people all to Christ did bring.
The succeeding Saxon kings followed his heauenly steps, endeauouring in all they might, to ouerthrow the Synagogue of Satan, by breaking downe the abhominable idols throughout the whole Island. Edwyne king of Nor∣thumberland; Carpenwald, king of the East-English; Sebert king of the East-Saxons, Kynigilds king of the West-Saxons, Peda king of the Merci∣••••s: Eth••••ulphe king of the South-Saxons, in the space of not much aboue threescore yeares, after the conuersion of King Ethelbert, were conuerted 〈◊〉〈◊〉 God so wrought with them) from Paganisme and Idolatrie, vnto the be∣leefe and worship of our Lord Iesus Christ: and the Christian faith was publikely preached in all their dominions. These and other the Saxon kings for santty of life are ranked before all the Kings and Potentates of the world For such was their feruent zeale in Religion, that he thought him∣selfe most happie, who in pious acts, hard penance, wearie pilgrimages, and retired solitude, spent the various course of life, which moued many of them to exchange a pallace royall, and a Scepter imperiall, for a poore cell and a Mon••••••h st••••fe; to forsake their owne kingdome, and to liue as pil∣grimes in a forraine countrey; to lose their owne lines in warlike opposi∣tion against Pagans and Infidels, thereby to liue in heauen amongst the no∣ble army of Martyrs; and lastly, it moued them and other great persona∣ge so ovng their pious examples, to erect and amplie endow religious 〈…〉〈…〉, as Churches, Chappels, Schooles, Colledges, and Monaste∣••••e 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the preaching and further propagating of the Christian faith. As you may see in the sequell of these intended labours▪ Whose charters did 〈◊〉〈◊〉 end with an execrable curse to all those which by any manner of meanes should demolish or ouerthrow any of such their sacred structures, or infringe, alienate, or diminish any of their immunities, or yearely reue∣newes. Likewise fearefull comminations and excommunications were threatned and thundred out against those which should scorne, abuse, de∣ceiue, or craftily entrap any one, either of the secular, or Monasticall or∣ders; and a benediction diuulged, and granted to all those by whom they should bee honoured, reuerenced, rewarded, and haue their liuelihoods further enricht: concluding with a promise to defend these religious Vo∣taries from the persecution of all humane enemies; and to maintaine their lie••••ies, freedomes, and priuiledges from the vsurpation of any secular power.

Their donations were sometime in meeter or rime, with the names of a number of witnesses, whereunto the signe of the crosse was euer added;

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the forme of which you may reade hereafter: but the most of these their important writings were in prose, and many of them wondrous short. For example, King Athelston giues a certaine plow-land and other profits to the Priest of the Church of high Bickington in Denshire, in these words which I had from my friend, Master Tristram Risdon that countrey man.

Ich Athelston Konyng, Grome of hys home, Y if and grant to ye Prestes of thus chyrche, On Yok of my lond freliche to hold: wodd in My holt hous to build; bit gras for alle hys beastes, * 1.21 vewel for hys herth * 1.22 pannage For Sow and Puggis World out end.
To the gouernment of these foresaid holy Fabricks, and their reuenues, such men were chosen as were the best learned, and most eminent for integritie of life. The Priests consecrated by the imposition of hands; and appointed to say prayers, administer the Sacraments, instruct the Christians which daily increased; and to execute all such offices as belonged to a sacred Bishop or venerable Pastour, were in such high and holy repute amongst the lay-people, as that when any of them were espied abroad, they would flocke presently about him, and with all reuerence humbly beseech his Benisons, either by signing them with the crosse, or in holy prayers for them. And further (saith Bede) it was the manner in those primitiue times,* 1.23 of the people of England, that when any of the Clergie, or any priest came to a village, they would all by and by, at his calling, come together, to heare the word, and willingly hearken to such things as were said, and more willingly fol∣low in workes, such things as they could heare and vnderstand. A wonder∣full order of pietie both in priest and people.

Chaucer in the prologue, to his Canterbury Tales, giues vs the character of a religious and learned priest, who in his holy actions did imitate the ex∣ample of the Clergie of these times, whereof I haue spoken; but such were not to be had by the dozens in his dayes, as by his writings appeares.

The Parsone.

A good manne there was of religioun, And was a poore Parsone of a toun: But rich he he was of holy thought and werke He was eke a lerned manne and a clerke, That Christes Gospels truly would preach, His Parishens deuoutly would he teach. Benigne he was and wonder diligent, And in adversitie full patient. And soch one he was proued oft * 2.1 sithes, Full loth were him to curse for his tithes, But rather would he yeuen out of doubt, Vnto his poore Parishens all about, Both of his offring and of his substaunce, He couthe in little thing haue suffisaunce. Wide was his parish and houses fer asander, But he ne left neither for raine ne thonder,

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In sikenesse in mischiefe for to visite The ferdest in his Parish, moch or lite, Vpon his feete, and in his hand a stafe: This noble example to his shepe he yafe, That first he wrought, and afterward taught, Out of the Gospell he the words caught, And this figure he added eke thereto; That if gold rust what should iron do? For yef a priest be foule, on whom wee trust, No wonder is a * 2.2 leude man to rust: And shame it is, if a priest take kepe, To see a shitten Shepherd, and a cleane shepe Well ought a priest, ensample for to yeue By his clennesse, how his shepe should liue. He set not his benefice to hire, And let his shepe acomber in the mire, And renne to London, to sainct Poules To seken him a Chauntrie for soules: Or with a brother hede to be withold: But kept at home and kept well his fold, So that the wolfe made him not miscary, He was a shepherd, and not a mercenary. And though he holy were, and vertuous, He was not to sinfull men despiteous, Ne of his speech daungerous ne digne, But in his reaching discrete and benigne, To drawne folke to heauen, with fairenesse, By good ensample, this was his besinesse. But if he were any persone obstinate, Whether he were of high or low estate, Him would he snibbe sharply for the nonis, A better priest I know no where non is. He wayted after no pompe ne reuerence, Ne maked him no spiced conscience; But Christes lore, and his Apostles twelue He taught, but first he folowed it him selue.

* 2.3The Monasticall orders likewise in that age, serued God in continuall prayer, watching, and fasting, and preaching the word of life to as many as they could, despising the commodities of this world, as things none of theirs, taking of them whom they instructed, onely so much as might serue their necessities; liuing themselues according to that they taught to others, being euer ready to suffer, both troubles, yea and death it selfe, in defence of the truth that they taught.

* 2.4And in another place, speaking of the religious and lay-people in the North countrey; They had no money (saith he) but cattell, for if they tooke any money of rich men, by and by they gaue it to poore people. Neither was it needfull that either money should be gathered, or houses prouided

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for the receiuing and entertainment of the worshipfull and wealthy, who neuer came then to Church, but onely to pray and heare the word of God. The King himselfe, when occasion serued to come thither, came accom∣panied onely with fiue or sixe persons, and after prayer ended, departed. But if by chance it fortuned, that any of the Nobilitie, or of the worshipfull, re∣freshed themselues in the Monasteries, they contented themselues with the religious mens fare and poore pittens, looking for no other cates aboue the ordinary and daily diet. For then those learned men and rulers of the Church, sought not to pamper the panch, but to saue the soule; not to please the world, but to serue God.

Wherefore it came then to passe, that euen the habite of religious men was at that time had in great reuerence; so that where any of the Clergie or religious person came, he should bee ioyfully receiued of all men, like the seruant of God. Againe, if any were met going on iourney, they ranne vn∣to him, and making low obeysance, desired gladly to haue his benediction either by hand or by mouth. Also if it pleased them to make any exhorta∣tion as they passed by, euery man gladly and desirously hearkened vnto them. Vpon the Sondayes ordinarily the people flocked to the Church, or to Monasteries, not for belly-cheare, but to heare the word of God: And if any Priest came by chance abroad into the village, the inhabitants thereof would gather about him, and desire to haue some good lesson or collation made vnto them. For the Priests, and other of the Clergie in those dayes, vsed not to come abroad into villages, but onely to preach, to bap∣tise, to visit the sicke, or (to speake all in one word) for the cure of soules▪ Who also at that time were so farre from the infection of couetousnesse and ambition, that they would not take territories and possessions toward the building of Monasteries, and erecting of Churches, but through the earnest suite, and almost forced thereunto by noble and wealthy men of the world: which custome in all points hath remained a long time after (saith he) in the Clergie of Northumberland.

No lesse feruent in deuotion, and austere in strictnesse of life, in these dayes, were the religious Votaries of the female sex. I had almost forgotten (saith Capgraue) (in the prologue to his booke of the English Saints) the company of sacred virgines, which like lillies amongst thornes, despising all carnall pleasures, with all the great pompe and riches of the world (many of them being kings daughters) did in all chastitie, pouertie, and humilitie, adhere onely to their Sauiour Iesus Christ, their celestiall Bridegroome, for whose sake (as in this subsequent Treatise will be shewne) they did vndergo many exquisite torments, and in the end were glorified with a crowne of martyrdome. Deus ex sexu elegens infirmiore vt fortia mundi confunderent.

In a Lieger booke belonging sometime to the Abbey of Rufford,* 2.5 I finde these verses following of the constant sufferings of certaine virgine martyrs.

Quid de virginibus dignum loquere, aspice fidem, Fides ob veram sert mala multa sidem, Huic ardens lectus solidum subuertere fidem* 2.6 Nec mors ipsa potest, cui Deus ardor inest. Tecla fer as, Agathes Ergastula, vulnera vicit Margarita, truces virgo Lucia duces.

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Balnea Cecilie feruentia nil nocuere, * 2.7Agneti nocuit flamma furorque nichil. Nil etas, nil mundus eis, nil obfuit hostis Cuncta domant, superant infima, summa tenent. His ornamentis fulget Domus Omnipotentis.

* 2.8But I will conclude this Chapter with the words of Camden, speaking of the Monasticall life and profession.

The profession of this Monasticall life (saith he) began when Pagan Ty∣rants enraged against Christians, pursued them with bloudy persecutions. For then good deuout men, that they might serue God in more safety and security, withdrew themselues into the vast wildernesses of Egypt, and not (as the Painims are wont with open mouth to giue it out) for to enwrap themselues willingly in more miseries because they would not be in miserie.

Where they scattered themselues among mountaines and desarts, liuing in caues and little cells, here and there in holy meditations. At first solitary and alone: whereupon in Greeke they were called Monachi, that is, Monkes: but after they thought it better (as the sociable nature of mankinde requi∣red) to meete together at certaine times to serue God, and at length they began to cohabite and liue together for mutuall comfort, rather then like wilde beasts to walke vp and downe in the desarts. Their profession was to pray, and by the labour of their owne hands to get liuing for themselues, and maintenance for the poore, and withall they vowed pouerty, obedience, and chastitie. Athanasius first brought this kinde of Monkes, consisting of lay-men, into the West-Church. Whereunto after that Saint Austen in Afrike. Saint Martin in France, and Congell (one of the Colledge of Bangor) in Britaine and Ireland, had adioyned the function of regular Clergie. It is incredible how farre and wide they spread, how many and how great Coenobies were built for them, so called of their communion of life: as also Monasteries, for that they kept still a certaine shew of solitarie liuing: and in those dayes none were more sacred and holy then they, and accordingly they were reputed; considering how by their prayers to God, by their example, doctrine, labour, and industrie, they did exceeding much good, not onely to themselues, but also to all mankinde. But as the world grew worse and worse, so those their holy manners, as one said, rebus cesse∣re secundis, that is, Gaue backward in time of prosperitie.

But of the pietie of religious professours in the Primitiue times, of the sanctitie of British and Saxon Kings, of their Queenes, and issue royall; as also of other persons of exemplarie zeale and holy conuersation; I doe speake hereafter in particular, as I come to the places of their interments.

Notes

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