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ROME whiche was of al the worlde, the moost re∣noumed cytee bothe for ye valiaunce of armes, and ciuile policie whereby it was gouerned, had thre fourmes of regimentes. In the beginnyng it hadde kynges,* 1.1 for Romulus whiche was builder thereof reigned there, & after him .vi. other vnder whom the
principalitee lasted CC.xliiii. yeares after the cytie was buylded. Then Tarquinius beyng banished for the notable cryme and rape of Lucretia, commytted by his sonne, it was or∣dered by .ii. cōsuls. Iunius Brutus, & L. Tarquinius Colatinus: They had the name and title of cōsuls,* 1.2 of the cō¦sultacion & prouision that they made for the cōmon wealth: they ruled the empyre, cōducted hostes, and by these offycers, because they were annual ye yeares were counted. Not .xii. yeres after the expulsyng of the kynges, when .xl. cyties of the Latines, Octa∣uius Manilius, sonne in lawe to Tar∣quinius beyng theyr capitayne, had made insurrection and conspired a∣gaynst the Romaynes T. Largius was created dictator or great master,* 1.3 whiche offyce was highest in aucto∣ritee, and as Dionisius thynketh, it was takē of the Grekes, among whō Elymnetae had the same power that Dictators had in Rome.* 1.4 Liuius re∣ferreth the original of thē to ye Alba∣nes: & ye Carthaginiēs had also theyr dictators. This magistrate was ne∣uer vsed sauyng in great daungers
of the common welth,* 1.5 & it continued but .vi. monethes, duryng that offyce al other magistrates were abrogated except the Tribunate or Prouostship of the cōmons: The consuls duetye was to name and proclaime him,* 1.6 and that no tyme but in the night: albeit what tyme the Veients had wonne ye Romaynes campe, A. Cornelius Co¦sus Marshal of the armye, nede so cō¦strainyng, denounced Mamercus Ae∣milius for Dictatour cōtrary to that statute. Aboute thre hūdreth yere af∣ter the buildyng of Rome ye publike state was transferred from the cōsul¦shyp vnto the rule of tenne called de∣cem viri whiche endured but thre ye∣res,* 1.7 for by reason of the outragiouse lust of Appius Claudius against the mayd Virginea, thei were desposed, & consuls were substituted to supplye theyr roume. Then the CCC.x. yere of the cytie, in the place of Consuls were chosen marshals or prouostes of armyes whō they named Tribunes, Aulus Sēpronius,* 1.8 Attacinus, L. At∣tilius Lōgus, & T. Celicius Siculus. The auctorytee of the commons be∣ganne daylye sedicions and confede∣raties
to encrease. In suche sorte, ye C. Cunuleius brought to passe that the cōminaltee maried with the no∣bilitie,* 1.9 and the Tribunes by theyr earnest instance and sute caused that the highe offyces were permitted to thē of the cōmon sorte. As the .ccc.lv. yere of the buyldyng of the Cytie P. Licinius Caluus was made tribune of the host,* 1.10 the .CCC.lxxxix. yere L. Sextus Lateranus attayned the con∣sulshyp, the .ccc.xcix. yere C. Martius Lateranus was created Dictator.
From this maner of gouernaunce, it was by Sylla and Marius brought to one rular or prince agayne.* 1.11 Thus hath Rome had al kindes of admini∣stracion of the cōmon welth.* 1.12 The em∣periall ornamentes of the kynges of Rome, as fardels of roddes, the a••e, the garlond of gold, the chayre of I∣uory, the kyrtyl or cope, chariot, trap∣ped horses, rynges, coote armoures, robes, mantels of estate, enbrodered gounes, with garmentes of baudkyn or motley with all other royal appa∣rell beganne among the Tuscanes, whiche Tarquinius Priscus subdued and vsed these fyrst by the permission
and licence of the Senate. The .xii. lictours or sergeantes Romulus fyrst appointed after the maner of the .xii. nacions of the Hetrurians whō he cō¦quered, whiche gaue to euery of their kynges, when he was crouned a lic∣tour or sergeant: whose dutie was to wayte on the magistrates & bere the roddes & are of execucion. The rod∣des (as Plinie writeth) were of byr∣che. The institucion of taxes or nom∣beryng the people,* 1.13 Seruius▪ Tullius kyng begāne in Rome fyrst, but Mo∣ses long afore that nōbred the Israe∣lites, & therfore the fyrst taxe, subsi∣die, or tribute was ordeyned by Mo∣ses among the Hebrues and the coū∣tyng of the nombre of the people.
* 1.14Prysons, fetters, stockes, gyues, staues, with lyke instrumētes to pu∣nishe malefactours, Ancus Martius as Liuie saieth, did fyrst appoint thē to kepe men in feare and good order.
Kynges of Rome.
Consuls in Rome.
Dictator first in Rome.
Elymnetae.
The space of the dictators offyce.
The tyme of denouncyng the dictatour
Decrees.
Tribunimili∣tum.
Democratia beganne in Rome.
P. Licinius a man of the commons.
L. Sylla C. Marius.
Royal orna∣mentes.
Taxes or sub¦sydes.
Prisons, fet∣ters, stockes.