The foure bookes of Flauius Vegetius Renatus briefelye contayninge a plaine forme, and perfect knowledge of martiall policye, feates of chiualrie, and vvhatsoeuer pertayneth to warre. Translated out af [sic] lattine, into Englishe, by Iohn Sadler. Anno. 1572. Seene and allovved, accordinge to the order appointed.

¶What kynde of thinges must be prepared for the defence of walles. Chapter .viij.

IT is conuenient that there be prepared, to set the engines of the enemies or fire, suche thinges as are apte to burne, rosyn, brymstone, cleare pitche without dregges, oyle, called Incendiarium, that is to saye, ready to set any thinge on fire. Iron of both tempers to make armour and weapōs, and coales ought to be saued in store houses, woode also for speare staues, and arrowes, must be layde vp in store. Roūd stones out of riuers which for their roundnes are somewhat heauy, and meete for the casters, must be gathered moste di∣ligently: with the whiche the walles and towers should bee filled. The leaste stones of all are to throwe with slinges, or slingestaues, or els with the hande, the greater stones are shotte with the gunnes. But the greatest of all, by reason of their weight & rowling fashion muste be layde in fortresses, that they being throwen downe headlong vpon a soden, may not onely ouerwhelme y^e enemies vnderneath, but also may breake their engines. Also mightie great wheeles muste be framed of greene woode, or rowlers cut of very strōg trees,

whiche they call Taleae, muste be made smoothe, that they may rowle, whiche sliding downe doe ouerthrowe the soul∣diours with the sodayne vehemencie, and make the horses sore afrayde. There must be also in readines beames & tra∣singes or boordes. And nailes and pinnes of iron of diuers quantities. For suche engines of the enemies muste bee hin∣dred by other lyke, specially whē as the walles or fortresses vpō a soden shall haue neede to be made higher, least the mo∣ueable towers of the enemies should rise aboue them and so take the citie.