The historie of foure-footed beastes Describing the true and liuely figure of euery beast, with a discourse of their seuerall names, conditions, kindes, vertues (both naturall and medicinall) countries of their breed, their loue and hate to mankinde, and the wonderfull worke of God in their creation, preseruation, and destruction. Necessary for all diuines and students, because the story of euery beast is amplified with narrations out of Scriptures, fathers, phylosophers, physitians, and poets: wherein are declared diuers hyerogliphicks, emblems, epigrams, and other good histories, collected out of all the volumes of Conradus Gesner, and all other writers to this present day. By Edward Topsell.

THESE FIGVRES WERE TAKEN by Olaus Magnus, wherin the Linx pursueth a wild Cat.

[illustration]

[ 20] [ 30]

The Latines call this beast Lupus Ceruarius, and Linx of the Greeke word Lugx, from whence the German ein luchs: and it hath bene beleeued, that the Latine name was giuen vnto it, because they were ingendred betwixt a Wolfe and Hind, but there is no wise man that will suppose or be easily induced to beleeue, that beasts of such hostility, and aduerse dispositions in nature, should euer ingender or suffer copulation together▪ and therefore I rather suppose that it is called Ceruarius, either beeause it hunteth Harts and Hindes, or else because it imitateth their young ones in the outward colour and spots in the skinnes. There was a beast (saith Pliny) which was called Chaus, and by the French Raphlus, brought in publicke spectacle by Pompey the great out of France, which in shape resembleth a wolf, [ 40] and in spots a leopard; and therefore I think that Chaus, Raphlus, and lupus ceruarius, are diuerse names of one and the same wilde Beast, and yet by diuers writers it is confounded with the Thoes, or with the Panther, or with the Ounce.

But I cannot agree thereunto, seeing it is written by Pliny, that about the Riuer Padus in Italy, there are certain beasts called Lynces, from whence commeth the Lyncurion, which by Zenothomis are called Langae, and by others Languriae. And Solinus also agreeth there∣unto, taking Lupus Ceruarius, for a kind of Linx.

Some haue fabled that there is a Beast called Lynceus, which Suidas and Varinus call Oxuderches: and they say, that the eies of it are the best sighted of al the beasts in the world. Oppianus maketh two kind of Linxes, one, a greater, and hunteth Harts and great Beastes, [ 50] the other a smaller and hunteth wilde cats and Hares. And first of all I wil set downe the description of this beast, according as it was taken in England by that learned Physitian D. Cay, whose words I do heere expresse. There is in the Tower of London (saith Iohn Cay) a beast which eateth flesh, his whole body being of the greatnes of a lamb of two months old, hauing his head, mouth, feet, and nails, like to a cat. But concerning his beard, & taile,

his bearde hangeth downe on both sides, diuided in the middle with sundry colours, the former being white, and the latter blacke: his taile is short and thicke, being from the middle to the vppermost part red, and to the lower part blacke: his eies being yellowe, the haire of the eye-lids obscurely waxing white. His eares erected vpright, as the eares of a catte, being replenished within with white haire, without couered with white and blacke, but so that the vpper parte is blacke, the middle, (for it is deuided into three parts) be white, and the lowest blacke againe. Neither is it content to be ended in his owne course, except also that his former partes, or the farthest brinkes or edges, and also his [ 10] latter may be bended on the other side, in like manner as the edges of the priests hatte of the Graecian church are folded amongst the Venetians.

In the top of his eares there are placed some blacke haires, as it were a foretop or tuft. The colour of this beast in the outmost parts is red, in the innermost white, but sprinkled here with blacke spots, and almost by rowes, and there with spots some-what lighter then the other, all his haire being for the most part white all ouer: all his body except the a∣foresaid spottes, as it is in certaine blacke skinnes of young Conies. And on both the sides of his nose there are foure spots set in order. In both his lippes, as now wee will de∣clare: in his vppermost lippe there are fiue orders or rowes, being of a very equall di∣staunce. [ 20]

In the first row, and the vpper, foure: in the second, fiue: in the third, eight: in the fourth, fiue; in the fift, there are foure, and these also euery one in his order, hauing an equall distance. In the lower lip there are onely seauen more manifest and euident, being placed in two rowes. In the first, four, to the very mouth of the lippe, in the second after them three others: after these, other lesser but not placed with so certain and true order as the vppermost.

In the vpper lippe on both sides there are certaine white haires being rougher then those in Cats and Lyons. His nose, is somewhat of a pale red colour, being somewhat di∣stinct or apart from the rest of his face on euery side with a blacke line. Another line also doth deuide the outermost part of his nose by length (as in an Ounce) but onely be∣ing [ 30] lightly lead by the toppe or highest parts, not impressed higher by the lower-most.

The skinne of his feet is exceeding hard, and his nailes are hid in his feet (as the nailes of an Ounce and a cats are) neither doeth he put them forth at any time, vnlesse in taking of his prey as they do.

He doth climbe wonderfully, so, that what he may be able to do in that thinge (either in his caue or den) nature her selfe doth teach. He is a quicke-moouing-creature, and cannot stand still in a place, so that except (by meer chance) the voice of a wood-pecker in the basket of a certaine country man (who came then onely to see the Lyons) had made him quiet and attentiue, there had bene no hope of the portraiting out the picture of his body. He being present he was most quyet: but he going away, hee would neuer stande [ 40] still: wherefore I was constrained to send my man after the Countrey man to buy the birde, which beeing present, he stood very still vntill the busines was dispatched and the worke absolutely perfected.

Our Country men call it Luzarne, it is doubtfull whether we shoulde call it Leunce, or Lynx, in the affinity of the words. His skinne is vsed by Noble-men, and is sold for a great price. He is angry at none but them which offer him iniury, his voice is like a cats, when he would snatch away the food from his fellow. He is louing and gentle vnto his keeper, and not cruell vnto any man, so farre Doctor Cay.

Vnto this description of Doctor Caius, I may adde another description that was taken by the sight of the skinne of this beast. The length whereof from the tip of the nose vnto [ 50] the very taile, was foure spannes, and fiue fingers, and the length of the taile seuen fin∣gers, the bredth of the shoulder-blades of his backe, and the toppe of his necke was two palmes, six fingers, and a spanne; the length of his forelegges a spanne and fiue fingers, and the length of his hinder-legges, a spanne and three fingers, the haire was very softe, but yet thicke and deepe, the tippes of the haire vpon his back were white, but in the nea∣ther most parts they were red, and they are most white which fall downewardes on boeth sides from the middle of his backe.

In the middle they are more redde and dusky, the middle of the belly, and especially the lower part is white, but both sides of it are white and red, and euery where vppon his belly there are black spots, but most plentifull in the bottome of the belly, and on both sides. The vppermost part of his necke, right ouer against his eares, hath great blacke spottes, his eares are small, and not bigger then a little Triangle, in the edges they are black, although with the blacke haires there are mingled some white. His beard is mixed with blacke, and white haire, which haire is great like to bristles. The teeth are most white and the vpper canine teeth hange ouer the neather, the breadth of a finger, whereof sixe are small, and of those sixe two are the greatest, and all the residue are very small on the neather chapp, and to conclude, al the teeth were like a common Weasils or Martill: his [ 10] feet were very rough, being fiue distinct clawes vpon the fore-feete, and foure vppon the hinder, which clawes were very white and sharpe.

The taile was of equal bignesse and thicknes, but in the tip thereof it is blacke. These skinnes are sold for three Nobles a peece, and sometime for six, and sometimes for lesse, according to the quantity of the skinne and countrey wherein it is sold. And vnto this de∣scription do Bellonius and Bonarus agree. For Bellonius at Constantinople saw two Lynxes, much like vnto cats, and Bonarus had oftentimes seene them hunted in Moschouia, Littu∣ania, Pollonia, Hungaria, and Germany: But he commendeth aboue al other the Linxes of Scotland and Swesia, as most beautifull, hauing Triangular spots vpon theyr skinnes. But the Indian and Affrican Linxes, he saith haue round spots, sharpe-bristly-short-haire, and [ 20] full of spots on all parts of their body, and therefore they are not so delicate as the Linxes of Europe, which with good cause he coniectureth to be the Linxe that Pliny speaketh of, and not vnlike to that which is bred in Italy. There are Linxes in diuers countries, as in the for named Russia, Littuania, Pollonia, Hungary, Germany, Scotland, so also they are most abundant in Scandinavia, in Swesia, so also about▪Hyelsus, and Helsyngia: likewise in all the Regions vpon the Alpes, and in Sylua Martia, they are also very plentiful in Aethiopia, in France and Italy, about the riuer Padus, and in the Island Carpathus: and thus hauing dis∣coursed of their country and proportion, whereby their differences and kindes may bee discerned, we will leaue euery one of them to their particular, and proceed to the treatise and description of their general natures.

[ 30] There is no great difference betwixt their outward shapes and proportion, for both the smaller and the greater haue bright eies, diuers coloured skins, a little head, a nim∣ble and cheareful face, and (Albertus saith) that their body is longer then the body of a Wolfe, but their legges shorter, mistaking the Linxe for the Thoes. Their eyes stande forth of their heads very far, their tongue like the toong of a Serpent, (and Textor affir∣meth) that they haue pappes or vdders in their Breastes, but surely hee taketh Linxe for Sphinx.

Their meat goeth into the belly straight through the maw, without staying, and there∣in is a note of their insatiable voracity, for none but insatiable beasts or birds are so affec∣ted, as in birds, the Cormorant. It hath no ankle bone, but a thing like vnto it, the nails are [ 40] very long, as you may see in two of the former pictures, but hee hideth them within his skin til he be angry, ready to fight or climbe, or otherwise affected, as you may see by the picture of the Linx taken in the Tower of London.

The inward proportion and anatomy of their bodies is like vnto a mans, and therefore Galen giueth this lesson to students in Phisicke, Praestat simiarum homini, quam similima∣rum artus dessicare, cum te in exemplo, exercere institues, sin ea non detuo, aliquam ei proximam delegito, aut si nulla omnino Simia reperiatur, Cynocephalum, vel Satyrum, vel Lincem, summa∣tim ea omnia, quibus artuum extrema, indigitos quin{que} discreta sunt. That is to say. It is good to discect those bodies which are likest to a man, when one would instruct himselfe in anatomy, and if he cannot find an Ape, let him take a Baboone, a Satyre, or a Linx, and [ 50] generally any creature, the extremity of whose sinnewes and ioynts are diuided into fiue fingers or toes.

There be some that haue thought, that Panthers, Pardals, Linxes, or Tygers, hadde bin all of the kind of cats, because of a mutuall resemblance in the greatnesse and strength of their nailes, in the distinction of their skinnes, which are partye coloured and faire, ha∣uing

also a round head, a short face, a long taile, a nimble body, a wilde mind, and gette their meat by hunting: but heerein I leaue euery man to his owne best liking and opini∣on: for when we haue done our best to expresse their natures and seuerall properties, it shalbe ydle to spend time about disputation to what ranke or order, euery beast ought to be referred. For euery one that readeth our story and seeth our pictures may either bee satisfied, or els amend our labour.

The Linx therefore biteth most cruelly and deepe, and therefore is accounted, Rap a•• animal, instar lupi sed callidius, a Beast as rauening as a wolfe, but more crafty, they get vp into trees, and from them leape downe vppon very great beastes, and destroy them, bee∣ing enemies both to men and beasts, and at their pleasure, according to necessity, set vp∣pon [ 10] both.

They are taken somtimes in Germany, in the dutchy of Wertinberg, and that it was once credibly affirmed, one of them leaped downe from a tree vppon a countrey man, as he passed vnder the same tree, but being weary, and hauing an axe on his necke, he receiued her on the sharp edge thereof, and so killed her, otherwise she woulde soone haue killed him.

They liue in the mountaines also, where they are killed by poison, or else hunted by armed men on horse-back, and included with multitudes, for their hunting is perilous, and therefore they must be inclosed with great company. Some take them with ditches as we heard before Lyons were taken, others in snares or ginnes laide vppon the rockes, [ 20] and stones, and whensoeuer they are hunted with Dogs, they run directly to the woods or to the next trees, wherein they are killed by gun-shot.

In the Summer time they are very weake and liue among the Rockes, neuer strayinge farre from their owne lodging, hurting no man vntill the autumn. They hunt wilde goats, whom they follow from Rocke to rocke, leaping as fast, or faster then the Goates. They hunt also wilde cats and Hares, and some other little beasts, but the greatest Linxes hunt Hartes and Asses, and their manner is as wee haue saide already, to get vp into trees, and there to ly in waite for their prey, vntill they espy it vnder the boughes, and then sudden∣ly leape into the necke thereof, whether it be a man or a great Beast, wherein they fix their clawes so fast, that no violence can shake them off, but with the sharpenesse of their teeth, [ 30] bite into the scull, and eate out the braines to the vtter destruction of the man or beaste, whomsoeuer they light vpon, but if it be a small beast, they eate the whole body thereof, and not onely the braines.

Yet this is a wonderfull secret in their nature, that although they belong afflicted with hunger, yet when they eate their meate, if they heare any noise, or any other chaunce cause them to turne about from their meat, out of the sight of it, they forgette their prey, notwithstanding theyr hunger, and goe to seeke another bootey, neuer remembring that which they had before them, nor yet returne backe againe to eate thereof. The voice of this beast is called by a speciall worde in Latine, Orcare, or Corcare, which I may English croaking, or whining, for the voice thereof is not great, and therefore the Author of Phi∣lomela [ 40] saith, dum linxes orcando fraemunt, vrsus ferus Vncat, while the Linxe croaketh, the wilde beare whineth. And Arlunus saith, Corcare vox lupae Ceruarij, to croake is the voice of a Linx.

It is thought that of all beastes they seeme most brightly, for the poets faine, that their eie-sight pierceth through euery solid body, although it be as thicke as a wall; yet if you offer vnto it any thinge which is transparent, it is much offended, and sometimes blinded, but I cannot tell, whether the sight be attributed to the Linxe truely accordinge to nature, or fabulously in imitation of the poeticall fiction of Lynceus, of whome it was saide in auncient time, that hee sawe thorough stone Walles, of whome Horace writeth thus: [ 50]

Non possis oculo, quantum contendere lynceus Non tamen id circo, contemnas lippus in vngi.

Marcus Tullius also saith in this manner, in the admiration of Lynceus eye-sight, as thogh darkenes did not hinder it, quis est tam lynceus qui in tantis tenebris nihil offendat. Apolloni∣us saith, that so great was the perfection of this mans eye-sight, as he was beleeued to see

perfectly downe into the earth and what was don in Hell. Plutarch saith, that he could see thrugh trees & rocks. Pausanias writeth, that he was a king, and raigned after Danaouita. Pyndarus writeth that Ida and Lynceus were the sons of Aphaneus, and that a contention growing betwixt Ida and Castor and Pollux at the marriage of Helena because they twaine would haue rauished Phoebe and Ilayra, the wiues of Ida, and Lynceus did therefore slay Castor, and afterwards Lynceus slew Pollux when he spyed him lie vnder an Oake, from the mountaine Taygetus.

Wherefore Iupiter slew Ida with lightning, and placed Castor and Pollux in heauen a∣mong the stars. There was another Lynceus husband of Hypermnestra, Daughter of Da∣naus, [ 10] which Danaus hauing commanded all his daughters in the night time to kill their husbands, she onely spared hir husband Lynceus. But the truth is, that Lynceus of whom there is so many fables of his eiesight, was the first that found out the mines of gold, siluer and Brasse in the earth, and therefore simple people seeing him bring golde and siluer out of the earth, and comming now and then vpon him while he was a digging deepe for it, vsing the light of Candles, which he neuer brought out of the pits, they foolishly ima∣gined, that by the sight of his eies he was first of all led to seeke for those treasures, and from hence came the common prouerb. Lynceo perspicacior, for a man of excellent eye-sight; and to conclude others say, that Lynceus could see the new Moone the same day or night that she changed, and that therefore the fame of his eye-sight came so to be cele∣brated, because neuer any mortall man saw that sight himselfe excepted. And from these [ 20] fables of Lynceus came the opinion of the singular perspicacity of the beast Linx: of whom as I said before, as the sight is very excellent, and so farre excelling men, (as Galen saith) like as is also the sight of Egles, so I do not hold any such extraordinarie and miraculous sence to be in this beast, after any other manner, then the Poets did feigne it to be in Lyn∣ceus, except as before said, Omnes imbeciliore sumus cernendi potestate, si aquilarum et Lyncis, acuminibus conferamur. And therefore the prouerb before spoken of, may as well bee ap∣plyed metaphecically to the beast Linxe, as poetically to the man Lynceus, and so much may suffice for the sight. It is reported also that when they see themselues to be taken they do send forth teares and weepe very plentifully. Their vrine they render all backewards, not onely the female but the male also, wherein they differ from all other beasts: and it is [ 30] said of them, that they knowing a certaine vertue in their vrine, do hide it in the sand, and that thereof commeth a certaine pretious stone called Lyncurium, which for brighnesse resembleth the Amber, and yet is so congealed and hardned in the sand that no carbuncle is harder, shining like fire, wherewithall they make sealing rings, which caused Ouid to write thus:

Victa, racemifero Lyncas dedit India Baccho Equibus vt memorant quicquid vesicaremisit Vertitur in lapides, & congelat aere tacto.

But they say that of the male commeth the fiery, and yellowe Amber, and of the female [ 40] commeth the white and pale Amber. In Italy they call it Langurium, and the beast Lan∣guria, and Lange. This Lyncurium is called of some Electrum, Pterygophoron, and they say it is the same which will draw vnto it leaues, strawe, and plates of Brasse and yron, accor∣ding to the opinions of Diocles, and Theophrastus, and that being drunke out of Water is good for the stomacke, and very conuenient for the fluxe of the belly, according to Dio∣scorides, and that it cureth the paines of the reines, and healeth the kings euill, according to Solinus; And Theophrastus goeth about to establish this opinion by reason, and laboreth to perswade it as probable, that the vrine of a Linx, should congeale into a stone among sand, as well as the vrine of a man, to ingender a stone in the raines or in the bladder.

And of this opinion is Pliny, Theophrastus, Hesychius, Varinus, Zenothimis, Plutarch, and Aristotle. But in my opinion it is but a fable: For Theophrast himselfe confesseth that Lyncu∣rium, [ 50] which he caleth Lyngurion, and Amber Hualos, is digged out of the earth in Lyguria. Sudines, & Metradorus say that there is a certain tree in Lyguria, out of which amber is ta∣ken, & this tree is the blacke Popler, & it is also very probable, that seeing this Amber was first of all brought into Greece out of Lyguria, according to the denomination of all

strange things, they called it Lyngurium after the name of the country, whereupon the ig∣norant La••ines did feigne an etimology of the worde Lyncurium, quasi Lynxis vrinam, and vppon this weake foundation haue they raised that vaine buildinge; and for further de∣monstration of this truth, (Dioscorides saith) in his discourse of the Popler, that it grow∣ing about the riuer Euridanus, sendeth forth a certaine humor like teares which groweth hard, whereof they make that which is called Electrum, being rubbed, it smelleth sweete, and for that it hath not onely power to draw vnto it, Brasse, Iron, and such thinges, but a••so gold; It is also called Chrysophoton; vnto this Lucianus subscribeth, and whereas it was said that in Italy this Amber▪stone is begotten, neare the riuer Padus, where stand ma∣ny white Poplers, my coniecture is, that some such like humor may issue out of them, & [ 10] not onely by accident, but through affinity of nature, and condensate into a stone, which the people finding, couered in the sand vnder the trees, and through their former perswa∣sion, might easily take it for the stone ingendred by the vrine of the Linx.

Hermolaus also writeth this of the Lycurium, that it groweth in a certaine stone, and that it is a kind of Mushrom, or Padstoole which is cut off yearely, and that another groweth in the roome of it, a part of the roote or foot being left in the stone, groweth as hard as a flint, and thus doth the stone encrease, with a naturall fecundity: which admirable thing (saith he) I could neuer be brought to beleeue, vntill I did eate thereof in myne owne house.

Euax (as is recyted by Syluaticus saith) that the vrine of the Linx, domi seruatus, gene∣rat optimos sungos supra se quotanis, reserued at home in ones house, bringeth forth euery [ 20] yeare the best Mushroms. This is also called lapis Litzi, and lapis prasius, which is deui∣ded into three kindes, that is Iaspis, Armeni••cus, and lapis phrigius, called also Belemintes; wherewithall the Chirurgians of Prussia and Pomerania, cure greene wounds, and the Phi∣sitians breake the stone in the bladder. But the true Lyncurium which is extant at this day, and currant among the Apothecaries, is as light as the Pummis-stone, and as big as filleth a mans fist, being of a blackish colour, or of a russet; the russet is more solide, sandy, and fat, and being bruised or eaten, tasteth like earth: both kinds are couered with little white skins, and there is apparant in them, a spungy tenatious substance, and this I take to be the Mushrom, whereof Hermolaus speaketh. And by the little stones and small skinnes, it may be coniectured to be corpus heterogones, interracoalescens: A Hetrogenian body, encrea∣sing [ 30] in the earth, wherewithall it hath no affinity.

There was another stone of the vrine of a Linx to be seen in Sauoy, the substance wherof was clearely christal, the forme of it was triangular, the hardnes so, as you might strike fire with it, and the colour partly white, and partly like wine mingled with water, so that I will conclude, that the vrine of a Linx may engender a stone, though not in such manner as is before saide. For the Arabian Iorath affirmeth, that with in seauen daies after the ren∣dring, it turneth into a stone; but it is not the Lyncurius property so called, for that is the Amber or gum before spoken of, although catacrestically so called.

And if it be true, that there bee certaine Mushroms neare the red-sea, which by the heat of the sunne are hardned into stones, then also it may follow very naturally, that those [ 40] stones may produce Mushroms againe, for both the dissolution and the constitution of things are thought to be grounded vpon the same principles. And thus much shal suffice for the vrine of the Linx, and the stone made thereof.

The skins of Linxes are most pretious, & vsed in the garments of the greatest estates, both Lords, Kings, and Emperors, as we haue shewed before, and for that cause are sold very deare; The clawes of this beast, especially of the right foote, which hee vseth instead of a hand, are e••cluded in siluer, and sold for nobles a peece, and for Amulets to bee worne a∣gainst the falling sicknesse. The loue of these beasts to their young ones is very great, like as the Pardals Lions, and Tygers. The king of Tartaria hath tame Linxes which he vseth in hunting instead of dogs. The ancient Pagans dedicated this beast to Bacchus, feigning [ 50] that when he triumphed in his chariot of vine branches, hee was drawne by Tygers, and Linxes. And therefore Virgill saith,

Quid Lynces Bacchi variae,

And Ouid:

Dicta racemifero, Lyncas dedit India Baccho.

Al the nailes of a Linx being burned with the skin, beaten into powder, and giuen in drink will very much cohibite and restraine abhominable lechery in men: it will also restraine the lust in women being sprinkled vpon them: and also very effectually and spedily take away either itch or scurfe in man or womans body. The vrin of this beast is accounted ve∣ry medicinable for those which are troubled with the strangury, or running of the raines.

The same is also very good and wholesome for the curing of any paine or griefe in the wind-pipe or throat, Bonarus Baro doth affirme that the nailes of Linxes which are in their country, are had in great estimation and price amongst their piers or noble men: for there is a very certaine opinion amongst them, that those nailes being put vpon the yeard of ei∣ther horse or beast whose vrine is kept backe or restrained, will in very short space cause [ 10] them to void it without any griefe at al. He reporteth also that their nailes doe there wax white, and that they include them all in siluer, and do commend them for an excellent re∣medy against the cramp, if they be worne (peraduenture because they are bending and crooked) by which perswasion ther are some superstitious men which hang certain rootes which are crooked and knotty about them, against the crampe. There are likewise some which do ascertaine that these nailes are good and ready helpes for the sorenes of the vn∣ula which is in Horses mouthes: and for that cause there are many horsemen which carry them continually about them.

The Linxe or wolfe, which is begotten of a wolfe and a Hinde, the Musk-cat, the wea∣sell and al such other like beasts, do more hurt men by their biting teeth-wounds then by [ 20] poison. There was a certaine hunter as Collinus reporteth, which told him that the flesh of a Linx being sod in some whot pottage or broth, and afterwardes eaten, would be a very good and wholesome medicine for the expelling of the Ague, or quartan feauer: and that the bones of the same beast being brent and pounded into powder, would be a very excel∣lent remedy for the curing of wounds which are old and stale, and ful of putrifaction, as also the Fistulaes which grow in the thighes or hips of men.

Notes

• The reason of the Latine names▪
• Two kindes of Linxes.
• A story of a Linxe by D. Cay, taken in England by the sight of this beast in the Tower.
• Another de∣scription ta∣ken by the ••ight of a skin
• The price of a Lynxes skin
• Countries of Lynxes.
• Their out∣ward shape and seueral partes
• The 〈…〉〈…〉
• the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of 〈…〉〈…〉
• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 meat or foode.
• Ola•••• mag.
• A singular note of for∣getfulnesse,
• Pliny.
• Solinus.
• the voice of Linx••s. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 sight of Linxes.
• O••pheus▪
• The Fables of the Poets about Lin∣ceus.
• Theocritus
• Coelius.
• Palaephatus
• N. Spreng: Their vrine and teares or weeping Vrine conge¦led into a me¦dicinal sto••e
• 〈…〉〈…〉 out of 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
• Vses of theyr seue•••••• parts. P••••rus.
• Lynxes ta∣med.
• the medcines of the Lynx.
• Pliny.
• Arnoldus.