How the Mytilenians for fault of not being succoured in time, as the Pelopooesians had promysed, did render themself to the Athenians. and y^e determynation that was made by those Athenyans to kylle them all togider, with certaine other thinges, that were done in the same tyme, by the people of the one partie and of the other. ☞The .v. Chapter.

ABoute the ende of that same wynter, the Lacedemonyans did send in a light galley one Salethus vnto Mytylene.* who beinge landed at Pyreus, came a fote well nighe vnto the campe. and entred by nyght into the towne through y^e shallowe of a streame, which passed ouerth∣wart the rampers of thennemys, wherof he was aduertysed. And he did signefie vnto the princypaleste and chiefest of the towne, that he was comme to aduertise them, howe the Lacedemonyans and other confederates shulde shortly enter in armes into the lande of Athens, and to sende them foorty shippes to their suc∣cours, as it was ordeynedde, and moreouer to prouyde in the meane tyme with thē in that, that was to be done in the cytie. By meane whereof, the Mytilenyās were slacke or retarded to make any appoinctement with the Athenyans. And so passed the fourth yeare of this warre. In the beginning of the sommer following the Peloponesians, sendinge Alcidas their Capytayne general by sea wyth forty shippes for to succour the Mytylenyans,* they, wyth their confederates, entred a freshe into the lande of Athens, to thintent, that Thathenyans, seinge themselfe assayled and thronged on both sides, shulde haue lesse occasion to sende renforte or newe strength by sea to the siege of Mytylene. And of that army by land, Cleo∣menes was chief,* in the name and as tutor of Pausantas sonne of Plistenactus, hys yonger brother in years, than kyng of the Lacedemonyans. In whiche cō∣myng, they destroyed afressh y^•, that was encreased agayn & newly spronge in the countreys that they had wasted, the yeares preceadinge. And moreouer all the quartiers, where they neuer had touched bifore. By meanes whereof the same entry was more greuous to the Athenyans, than all the other bifore, excepte the seconde. For somuche as the ennemys, attendinge newes, that their armye by sea had done some greate exploicte in the Isle of Lesbos, where they thought it was than arryued, they dydde pillage and destroye alle, asmuche, as they founde be∣fore them. But vnderstanding afterwardes, that their enterprise of Lesbos fail∣led, hauinge also lacke of victuailes, they retourned euery one into his quartier. In this meane tyme, the Mytileniens, seing that y^e succours of the Peloponesiās came not, and that the victuailes failed them, they were constrayned to take ap∣poinctement with the Athenians. wherof Salethus himself was the cause. who lokinge no more for the said succours, caused the armure to be delyuered to the people of the towne, whyche had not yet bifore borne them. to the intent to cause them to issue fourthe vpon Thathenyans. And whan they had receyued the ar∣mure, they wolde no lenger obey the officers, but they made greate assemblies & came to the gouernours and riche people of the towne, sayinge, that they would that all the goodes and victuailes shulde be putt in commone and parted by the hedde, and that if they so dyd nott, they wolde delyuer the towne vnto the Athe∣nyans. whych sene by the said gouernours, and principallest: and fearing that the comon people shulde make an appoinctement a parte, withoute includinge them therin (whiche thinge they might do at their will for that they were the strōger) Page  [unnumbered] they made all togiders their appoinctement wyth Paches and the Athenyans. vpon this condition that they shulde receyue tharmye into the cytie, and sende their Ambassadours vnto the Athenyās, to requyre grace, cōmyttinge into their wille and discretion the satisfaction and amendes, that those Mytylenyēs had to make for their offence. And this during, & vntill thaunswere were comme from Athens, it shulde not be laufull to the said Paches to kylle, bynde nor take pry∣sonner, any of the Citezeins. whiche appoinctement notwithstandinge, they that had bene the principallest conductours of the reuolte or rebellyon, after that the hoste was entred into the towne, they withdrew themselfe into the temples for franchise & sanctuary. whome Paches did finde a manner to cause to cōme from∣thence and sent them into the Isle of Tenedon, vntill that he had thaunswere frō Athenes. And after, he sente a certayne nomber of galleis vnto Antisse, whiche rē∣dred itselfe vnto his wylle. And further he ordened touchinge the hooste, as he thought good. In thies entrefa•ctes, the forty ships with the Peloponesians, that shuld come to the succours of the said Mytyleniens, kepte thēself longe in secret about Peloponese, & also vsed very small diligēce. Yet they arryued at Delos be∣fore that the Athenyans parceyued them, & fromthence they came to Clarus & to Myconus,* where they furst did vnderstand that the towne of Mytylene was rendred and geuenne ouer, and yet neuerthelas the better to know the trouth of the matter, they came vnto Embatus,* in the countreie of Erythreus. Beinge in which place, and vnderstāding for trouth that it was than .vii. dayes passed sens the said cytie of Mytylene rendred itself, they helde counsaill amonge themselfe for to determyne what they had to do. wherupō Teuciaplus y^• Helyē,* did speake in this manner. Alcide & youe other my compaignions and collegues, whiche be here Capytaines of this armye for the Peloponesians, this is my aduyse, that we go straighte to Mytylene bifore that the Athenyans be aduertysed of oure commynge. For it is to bileue that we shall fynde many thynges yll warded and kepte, as it comonly chaunceth in a towne newly takenne, and specially on the sea side, wherby they doubted not that anye succours shulde comme, and we be very stronge. It is also to beleue that their souldyars be disparsed and ronne out of order throughe the lodginges, as men haue accustomed, whan they haue the victorie. wherfore I thinke and haue good hope that if we go to lande there by night, & assayle thē soubdainly, wyth the ayde of thē of the towne (if there be any that be affectioned to our partie) we shall haue honnour of oure enterpryse. And we oughte not to feare the daungier. But oughte to remember that, that is co∣monly said of the feates of warre, whyche ys that they be varyable. There ys no other matter, but by those meanes, as I do shewe youe. For if the Capytaine do kepe hym self at his defence, and espieth his ennemye and canne assaylle hym w^t his aduauntaige, he commeth oftentymes to the beste of his enterpryses. Thus didde speake Teuciaplus. But yet neuerthelas, he coulde not drawe Alcidus to his opynyon. Some other bannished from Ionū and from Lesbos, which were in that armye, shewedde the sayde Alcidus, that sithens he feared the daunger to goo to Mytylene, he shulde go to take one of the Cyties of Ionum, orelles the cytie of Cumes in the countreye of Eolide,* from whence they mighte goo and cause the Ionyans to rebelle agaynste the Athenyans, for they thoughte, that they shulde goo into none place, where they shulde not be receyuedde at theire wylle and plesure. And by thys meanes, that they shulde take fro the Athenyans a greate revenue, that they leuyed vpon that countrey, and also shulde reco•er vnto them, that, whiche shulde be sufficient for to enterteigne and paye their ar∣mye, if they taryed there any tyme. And also they sayed, that they had esperance, y^ePage  lxxviii Pissuthnes wolde tourne to their parte.* But Alcidus was not of this opynyon, nor yet of the othere bifore. And vnto his, the gretest parte of them, that were in that same counsaille, did agre. whiche was, that sithens they had faylled of the en∣terprise at Mytilene they shulde wythoute longer taryinge, retourne into their countrey. whiche thinge they did. Beinge than departed from the porte of Em∣batus, they came to arryue at the Isle of Myonesus,* whiche is bilonginge to the Teyens. At whiche place he caused to be slayne manye prysonners that he had taken in that same sayling on the sea. By reasone wherof, whan he was arry∣ued at Ephesus, the Ambassadours of the Enyens,* that be in y^e Isle of Samos, came vnto hym, and shewed him that the lybertie of Grece was not well maig∣teigned to kille them, that were not ennemys, and had not taken armure against them, but were allyed onely with the Athenyans through necessitie. And that if he contynued so to do, he shulde neuer withdrawe the confederates frome the Athenyans to the allyance of the Peloponesians, but rather their frendes wold bicome their ennemys. Throughe whiche declaration, Alcidus gaue lycence to many prysonners, that he yet had of Chio and of other places, whyche he hadde takenne ryghte easely and wythout resistence. For that, that whan they didde see the shippes vpon the sea, they fledde not awaye bifore them, but came towardes them, thinkinge that they had bene Athenyans. For they neuer thought that the Athenyans kepinge the sea, the shippes of the Peloponesians euer durste passe Ionū. After that, Alcidus departed in haste, and as flyinge frome Ephesus. For he was aduertised, that he, yet beinge at ancre at Clarus, was sene and discoue∣red by two ships comminge from Athenes. To wyt, by that same of Salamyne and by that other of Parale.* wherfore, fearynge to be pursued by the armye of sea of the Athenyans, he went into the depthe of the sea, to the intente not to ap∣proche to any lande with his good wille, vntill he arryued in Peloponese. Herof were aduertised Paches and the Athenyans on all sides. And specially, by one cer¦tayne messenger, that was sente by them of Ethreus. For the cytes of Ionū, that were not closed with walles, were in greate feare that the armye by sea of the Pe∣loponesians, passynge a longe their countrey, though they were not willinge to arrest or tary there, that yet they wold lande for to pillage the townes, that they founde in their waye. Likewyse the ship of Salamyne and that same of Parale affyrmed to haue sene the armye of thennemyes at Clarus. For thys cause, Pa∣ches sayled for to pursue Alcidus, and followed him with the greateste diligence, that he might vnto the Isle of Latmos.* But seinge that there was no hope to tary him there, he retourned backe. And he thoughte that he had gott on inoughe that he founde them not in the meane sea, for than he shulde haue bene forcedde to haue assaulted them, and to kepe great watche ouer them. And in retourning, he wente vnto the cytie of Notion in the countrey of the Colophoniens by this occasion.* The Colophoniens holdinge that same cytie, Itamenes and certayne strangers wyth him,* had by meanes of one debate that was amonge the Cite∣zeins occupyed the fortres of the towne, whiche was in fourme of one Castelle, separated from the walles of thother body of the towne. And afterwards, about that same tyme, that the Peloponesians was last entred into the countrey of A∣thens a great noise was afreshe moued, betwene them, that were comme newly to inhabitt in the cytie, and the auncyent Cytezeins. Through occasion wherof, they that kepte the towne forte•ied themselfe vpon the walles, that departed the towne from the castelle, and hauinge with them souldyars estraungers, whiche Pissuthnes and the Acardyans had sent them, they accorded with thē that were in the Castell. holding the partie of the Medes, in māner, that all togither shuld Page  [unnumbered] gouerne the estate of the towne, and the other, that wolde not holde that partie, they fledde out of the cytie and sent vnto Paches• requirynge of him succours. who, beinge arryued bifore the towne caused Hippias to be called vnto him, who was capytaine of them that kepte the castelle, that he shuld come to speake with him vpon suche suertie, that if he woulde not do that, whiche the sayde Paches shulde wille hym, he wolde sende hym ayaine hoole and saulfe wythin the walle. like as he dyd. But whan that he was aryued bifore him, he caused him inconti∣nently to be warded and kepte wythout byndinge or chayninge him otherwyse. Afterwarde right soubdainely he caused his people to marche againste the wal∣les and rampares of the fort, where the Acardyans and the strangers were. who doubted nothing. And soo they were taken by the assaulte, and all putt to death. After he caused Hippyas to be brought within the towne,* wythout doyng hym hurte. But whan he was wythin, he caused hym to be slayne wyth arrowes, and rendered the cytie to the Colophonyens, they beinge put fourthe, that had taken parte w^t the Medes. Afterwardes, Thathenyans that were founders of that same cytie, caused all the Colophonyans that were founde in their obeyssance to assemble themself togither. And sent them to inhabitte there accordinge and en∣suing their lawes. At departure from Notiō, Paches retourned vnto Mytylene, & brought agayne to the obeissance of the Athenyans, the cyties of Pyreus and Eresse. And found Salethus, who had hydde himself in the towne of Mytylene. And sent him to the Athenians wyth the Mytylenyās, that he had sent to The∣nedon, with all the other, that he coulde vnderstand to haue bene the authors of the rebellyon. Afterwardes he sente away the greatest parte of his armye, that he had brought thider, and with the reste taryed there to geue order to the cytie of Mytilene, and to all the Isle of Lesbos. whan they, that Paches had sente, were arryued at Athens, the Athenyans caused Salethus incontinētly to dye, though that he promysed to do many thynges. And amonge other, that the siege whiche the Peloponesyans did holde yet bifore Platee, shulde be raysed. For the othere prysonners, the matter beinge put in deliberation of the counsaille, yt was with greate anger determined to cause to dye not onely thē that were thider brought, but also all the Mytylenyens, excepte the wemen and childrene, frome foortene yeares downewarde, whiche shuld be sklaues and bonde men. For they estemed the faulte of the sayd Mytylenyans, to be inremissible and not to be forgeuenne. For that that they rebelled, though that they were not entreated as subiectes, as the other were. And yet they had greater despyte, for that the shippes of the Pe∣loponesians had had the audacytie for to comme to succoure the sayd Mytyle∣nyans, to passe the sea Ionum with greater daunger. whiche was a tokenne that the sayd Mytylenyens hadde pourposed, and by longe circumstance prouyded afore, for that same rebellyon. So they dispatched a galley to signefy to Paches the decree of the Senate, of Athenes, and to commaunde him to execute yt. Yet the morowe after, they abhorred and repented themselues, consydering the cru∣eltie of the decree. And they thoughte it to haynous to destroy and kylle all the people of a cytie, and not to extinquishe them, that had bene authors of the euill of other. whiche thinge, beinge knowin by thambassadours of the Mytylenyēs and by the Athenyans that fauoured them, they wente with all diligence to the chiefeste of the cytie, and wyth greate wepinges and lamentacions, perswadedde them gentely to putt the matter ones agayne into deliberation. For those princi∣palleste were well aduertysed, that the moost parte of the people desired that it might be spokenne of agayne. So they caused the counsaill to assemble, whereat were spokenne many opynyons, but amonge othere (Cleon,* sonne of Cleuntus Page  lxxix whose opynyon was cōsented to the day bifore. That all the Mytylenyās shuld dye) a man roughe and vyolent and that had greate authorytie amonge the peo∣ple, did speake in this manner.