Pacata Hibernia Ireland appeased and reduced· Or, an historie of the late vvarres of Ireland, especially within the province of Mounster, vnder the government of Sir George Carew, Knight, then Lord President of that province, and afterwards Lord Carevv of Clopton, and Earle of Totnes, &c. VVherein the siedge of Kinsale, the defeat of the Earle of Tyrone, and his armie; the expulsion and sending home of Don Iuan de Aguila, the Spanish generall, with his forces; and many other remarkeable passages of that time are related. Illustrated with seventeene severall mappes, for the better understanding of the storie.

PACATA HIBERNIA. THE FIRST BOOKE OF THE WARRES IN IRELAND. (Book 1)

CHAP. I.

The Lord Deputie, and the Lord Presidents landing in Ireland. The Warrant for passing the Lord Presidents Patent. The Patent. The Lord Deputie and Councells Instructions to the Lord President.

THE Warres of Ireland having* 1.1 received their originall & foundation in the North, proceeded like unto a strong poyson, which having infected one member, without speedie prevention, doth spred the contagion over the whole bodie; for the Irish perceiving the pro∣sperous successe of those first Rebels, e∣ven beyond all expectation and hope (of those that were ill affected) and that her Majesties Forces had sustained many disasters, which were never feared untill they happened, the neighbour Provinces of Connaght, and Leinster, following the current of the present time, begin to dismaske themselues of that cloake of subjection, which before they pretended, and to shew themselues partakers in that wicked action, and furtherers of the rebellion. And these being united in a strict Combination, did verily perswade themselues, that it would bee a matter very feasible, to enable them to shake off the English Go∣vernment, and to make themselues absolute Commanders of all Ire∣land, if the chiefe Lords of Mounster, with their friends and follow∣ers would joyne with them, to banish the English out of that Pro∣vince. They did account that Province to bee the key of the King∣dome, both by reason of the Cities and walled Townes (which are

more then in all the Island besides) the fruitfulnesse of the Country, being reputed the garden of Ireland, and the commodious Harbors, lying open both to France and Spaine. They devised many plots, cast many projects, and used many perswasions, to animate the Pro∣vincials to begin to enterprise. But currenti quid opus est calcaribus? they were not so ready to yeeld reasons, as those were to heare; and their eares no more open to heare, then their hearts to consent; and their hands nothing backward in the execution thereof.

The Earle of Essex at his being in Ireland with his Army,* 1.2 made a journey into Mounster, in hope to compose the troubles thereof; all that he performed at that time, was the taking of Cahir Castle, and receiving the Lord of Cahir,* 1.3 and the Lord Roche,* 1.4 with some others into protection. Who after his departure did either openly partake, or secretly combine with the rebells againe.

Her Majestie being resolved to send a new Lord Deputy into Ire∣land, made choise of a worthy and noble Gentleman endued with excellent parts, as well of body, as minde, Sir Charles Blunt* 1.5 Lord Mountioy. And at that time the Presidencie of Mounster being voyd, by the unfortunate death of Sir Thomas Norris, lately slaine by the rebels, shee made election of Sir George Carew* 1.6 Knight, who was by his former services experienced in the Irish warres, to be the Lord President of that Province.* 1.7 The 23 of Februarie these Lords em∣barqued at Beaumarris,* 1.8 and upon the day following they landed at the head of Hothe, lodging that night at the Lord of Hothes house, and the next day they rode to Dublin, where by the relation of the Councell, they found a miserable torne state, utterly ruined by the Warre, and the rebels swollen with pride, by reason of their manifest victories, which almost in all encounters they had lately obtayned. The President,* 1.9 although hee much desired to employ himselfe in his government, yet he was enforced to make a long stay in Dublin, as well to assemble the Forces allotted unto him, by order out of Eng∣land (to bee in list 3000 Foot, and 250 Horse, which were dispersed in sundry remote Garrisons) as to procure the dispatch of his Instru∣ctions from the State, which is usuall, and of sundry Commissions under the great Seale of Ireland, which of custome is graunted to e∣very President, but especially the passing of his Office (by vertue of her Majesties Warrant) under the great Seale of that Realme; the Copies of which Warrant, Letters Pattents, and Instructions, I doe heere insert as ensueth.

Her Maiesties Warrant.

RIght Trustie and Welbeloved, wee greet you well. Our Province of Mounster, in that our Realme of Ireland, being without a princi∣pall Officer to governe it, ever since the death of Thomas Norris Knight, late President there;* 2.1 And the tumultuous state of that Province requiring the government of a person of Iudgement, and Experience, Wee haue made choise of our servant Sir George Carew,* 2.2 Knight, Lieutenant of our Ordnance heere. To commit to him the charge of that part of our Realme, as one whom we know, besides his faithfull and diligent endeavours informer services, to bee well acquainted with the estate of that our Realme, (where he is a Councellor) and with the condition and nature of that Pro∣vince. Wherefore we require you, immediatly upon the taking of our Sword, and chiefe charge of that our Realme of Ireland, as our Deputie,* 2.3 according to our Commission graunted to you, To cause a Commission to bee made out vnder our great Seale of that our Realme of Ireland, to the said Sir George Carew* 2.4 of the Office and Charge of President of our Province of Moun∣ster, in such manner and forme as Iohn* 2.5 and Thomas Norris* 2.6 Knights, or any other our Presidents of that Province haue used to haue, or with any such other clauses, as you shall thinke, that the present State of our affaires there doth require. Giving him thereby power to rule and governe our people in that Province, with the advice of our Councell there, according to such In∣structions and Directions as haue been given by us or our Councell heere, or our Deputies of that our Realme, or shall heereafter bee directed to him, for the government of that Province. The same his power to continue during our pleasure. And our further will and pleasure is, that he receiue towards his charges all such Allowances, Fees, Profits, and Entertainments of Horse and Foot, as Sir Thomas Norris,* 2.7 Knight, our late President at the time of his death had; The same to begin from the day of the date hereof, and to con∣tinue during our pleasure:* 2.8 And these shall be to you and to our Treasurer for the payment thereof sufficient warrant and discharge. Given under our Signet at our Mannour of Richmond, the seven and twentieth day of Ia∣nuary, in the two and fortieth yeare of our raigne, &c.

The Letters Patents.* 3.1

ELIZABETH by the grace of God, Queene of England, France and Ireland Defender of the Faith, &c. To all men to whom these Presents shall come, Greeting; Whereas our Province of Mounster, in that our Realme of Ireland, being without a principall Officer to governe it, ever sithence the death of Sir Thomas Norris,* 3.2 Knight, late President there; And the tumultuous State of that Pro∣vince, requiring the government of a person of Iudgement and Expe∣rience.

Wee haue made choice of our trustie and welbeloved Ser∣vant, Sir George Carew,* 3.3 Knight, Lieutenant of our Ordnance in our Realme of England, and one of our Privie Councell of our sayd Realme of Ireland, and to commit to him the charge and govern∣ment of that part of our realme, as one whom wee know, besides his faithfull and diligent endeavours in former services, to bee well acquainted with the State of that our realme, and with the condition and nature of that Province. Knowye, that wee reposing our trust in the Wisedome, Valour, Dexteritie, Fidelitie, and Circumspection of the sayd Sir George Carew,* 3.4 Knight, of our especiall grace, certaine knowledge, and meere motion, and according to the tenor and effect of our Letters on that behalfe, directed to our right trustie, and right welbeloved Councellor,* 3.5 Charles Lord Mountioy, Knight of the most noble Order of our Garter, and our Deputie generall of our realme of Ireland, dated at Richmond the seven and twentieth day of Ianua∣rie, in the two and fourtieth yeere of our raigne, Haue given and graunted, and by these presents doe giue and graunt to our said Ser∣vant George Carew, Knight, the Office of our Lord President of our said province of Mounster. And the said George Carew,* 3.6 Kn••ght, our Lord President, and Governour of the said province by these pre∣sents, doe make, ordaine, and constitute, and to the said George, the government of the said Province, and of our people there resident doe commit. And further, wee doe giue and graunt by these pre∣sents to the said George Carew,* 3.7 Knight, in and for the exercise, and ex∣ecution of the said Office, all such Authorities, Iurisdictions, Prehe∣minences, Dignities, Wages, Fees, Allowances, and profits whatsoe∣ver, which Iohn Norris,* 3.8 Knight, or the said Thomas Norris,* 3.9 Knight, or any other President of that province haue used to haue, And with such other clauses (or articles of Authoritie) as our said Deputie shall thinke that the present state of our affaires there doth require, to bee further graunted unto him the said George Carew,* 3.10 Knight. Giving him heereby full power and authoritie to rule and governe our peo∣ple under that province, with the advice of our Councell there, ac∣cording to such Instructions and Directions as hath been given by us, or our Councell heere, or our Deputies of that our realme, or shall hereafter bee directed to him, for the government of that Pro∣vince; To haue, exercise and enjoy the said Office, to, and by the said George Carew,* 3.11 Knight, with other the premises, and all Authorities, preheminences, wages, fees, entertainments, and profits to the sayd Office belonging; and all such allowances, profits, entertainments of Horse and Foot, as the said Thomas Norris,* 3.12 Knight, our late Presi∣dent of the sayd province, at the time of his death had or ought to haue; The said allowances and entertainments, to begin from the

date of our said Letters; And the said Authoritie and Entertainment to continue during our pleasure. And where the said George Carew,* 3.13 Knight, in respect of our service in other places, may haue occasion to bee absent out of the said Province of Mounster, and that in such his absence, our pleasure is, that some meet person may bee substitu∣ted to governe that Province, as Vice-president; Wee doe therefore by these presents, by the assent of our Deputie aforesaid, and accor∣ding to the intent of our sayd Letters, giue full power and authori∣tie, to the said George Carew,* 3.14 Knight, to appoynt, choose, and substi∣tute in his absence, such a meet and sufficient person, for whom the said George Carew Knight will answer, to bee Vice-president of the said Province, and the said person, so appointed, chosen, or substitu∣ted, We doe by these presents authorize, to governe and rule the said Province, in the absence of the said George Carew* 3.15 Knight to all respects and purposes as if the said George* 3.16 were personally present, and might rule and governe, by the authority aforesaid. And if the said person so chosen, appointed, and substituted, shall chance to dye, or shall not governe himselfe to the liking of the said George Carew* 3.17 Knight: That then the said George Carew Knight shall from time, to time, by vertue of these presents, during his authority and government afore∣said, choose, appoint, and substitute, a Vice-president as aforesaid, to governe and rule the said Province as aforesaid. And our further pleasure is, that the said George Carew* 3.18 Knight, shall from time to time certifie our said Deputie, or other Governour generall, of this our Realme, for the time being, the name and names, of such Vice-presi∣dent, or Vice-presidents, as shall bee by him appoynted, named, or substituted as aforesaid: Willing, and straightly commaunding, all our Officers, as well ••ivill as martiall, as all and all manner our loving Subjects to bee respectively aiding, assistant, and obedient in, and to the said George Carew* 3.19 Knight, or any authorized by, and under him as aforesaid, in the exercise and execution of the said Office, as they will answer to the contrary at their porills. Although no expresse mention of the true yearely value, or certaintie of the premises, or any part thereof, or of any other gifts, or graunts, made by us, or any our noble Progenitours, to the said George Carew* 3.20 Knight, before the date hereof, be not expressed in these presents. Any Statute, act, pro∣vision, restraint, proclamation, Law, vse, or custome, to the contrary hereof, heretofore made, ordayned, enacted, provided, used, or pro∣claimed, or any other cause, thing, or matter to the contrary hereof in any wise notwithstanding. In witnesse whereof wee have caused these our Letters to be made Patents. Witnes our Deputie generall at Dublin the sixth day of March in the two and fortieth yeare of our Raigne.* 3.21

Instructions given by vs the Lord Deputie,* 4.1 and Councell,* 4.2 to our right trustie and welbeloved, Sir George Carew,* 4.3 Knight, Lord President of her Maiesties Councell established in the Pro∣vince of Mounster, to bee communicated by him to her Maiesties Councell of the same Province, and to be observed by them, and eve∣ry of them, according as the same are particularly declared in these severall Articles following, dated at Dublin, 7. Martij* 4.4 1599.

FIrst,* 4.5 the said Lord President shall at all times, when he shall think fit, for the service of the Queenes Majestie, call together all such as bee, or that hereafter shall be appoynted to bee of that Coun∣cell: And shall with the advice of such of the Councell as shall bee by these Instructions appoynted to assist him with Councell by Let∣ters and Precepts, commaund all and every person of the said Coun∣cell, at all convenient times, to doe such things as shall be meet for the service of the Queenes Majestie in administration of Iustice, & main∣tenance of the same, amongst all her subjects residing or comming into the parts of the Iurisdiction of the said Commission. And in his commandements and directions, to the sayd Councell, he shall haue such regard to their Estates, Vocations, and other Conditions, as the credits and severall estimations of the same Councellours may be in their due actions and well-doings preserved and maintained, for the furtherance of her Majesties service.

And on the other part, her Majestie willeth, chargeth and comman∣deth that all and euery of her Majesties said Councellors, shall exhibit and vse to the saide Lord President,* 4.6 all such Honour, reverence and o∣bedience, as to their duties appertaineth, and to the person having the principall place in the Councell is due, and shall receiue, and execute, in such sort all the precepts and commandements, to them to bee ad∣dressed, in any Processe to be done, or served in her Majesties name, and shall giue at all times, such advice and counsell as appertaineth to the duties of trustie Servants and Councellors to her Majestie, and ac∣cording to their corporall oath.

And because it shall be convenient that some number shall be con∣tinually abiding with the said Lord President,* 4.7 or such as shall supply his place, with whom he may consult, in hearing such matters as may bee exhibited unto him, for the better expedition of the same: Wee the sayd Lord Deputie and Councell by these presents doe ordaine, That William Saxey,* 4.8 Esquire, Chiefe Iustice, and Iames Golde,* 4.9 second Iustice of the sayd province of Mounster, being of speciall trust ap∣poynted to be of the sayd Councell, shall giue their continuall atten∣dance at the sayd▪ Couneell, and shall not depart at any time without

the speciall Licence of the sayd Lord President.* 4.10 Likewise Clarke of the Councell, shall make his like attendance upon the Lord President and Councell, &c.

And the said Lord President shall have in consideration of his continuall attendance,* 4.11 and great paines to be taken in that Office, the wages and entertainments of one hundred thirty three pounds sixe shillings eight pence sterling by the yeare, for himselfe: and for that the Countreys aforesaid being in such disorder, and the people in the same in such disobedience as partly they are, whereby it shall be need∣full for him to have continually about him some competent number of Souldiers, whereby his decrees and orders justly taken and made, may the more effectually bee executed; It is considered and ordai∣ned, that the said Lord President shall have for his guard and retinue,* 4.12 thirtie horsemen and twentie footmen, and two shillings by the day for a petty Captaine, and for a Trumpeter and Guydon, two shillings each of them: the entertainment and daily wages of all which Offi∣cers and Martiall men, shall runne in the course, and pay appointed for the Queenes Majesties ordinary Garisons, resident in this Realme. Provided always,* 4.13 that the said Lord President, shall at the first entire, give in the names, of all and every the aforesaid Souldiers, to the Clearke of the Cheque, to bee entred in his booke, and from time to time shall certifie the deaths and alterations of the same to the Lord Deputy, and Cleark of the Checque▪ in convenient time, as the same may reasonably be done: having regard to the distance of the place, and as other Captaines of the army are bound to doe.

Item the said Iustice Saxey* 4.14 shall have for his stipend yearely one hundred pounds sterling; and the said Iames Gold,* 4.15 assistant or second Iustice, one hundred markes sterling, and the said Clark of the Coun∣cel, twenty pounds sterling; and which stipends and wages shall be payed quarterly, by the hands of the Treasurer at warres, or Vice-treasurer here of this Realme of Ireland: And if the said Iustice, or assistant, and secondary Iustice, shall depart out of the Limits of the Commission aforesaid, without the speciall licence of the said Lord President,* 4.16 or having leave, shall tarry longer out then the time gran∣ted, then (without reasonable cause of excuse) the said Lord President shall deduct,* 4.17 and defalke out of their said severall entertainments, so much as the said wages of so many dayes doth amount unto, to the use of her Majestie towards her other charges, to be extraordinarily sustained in the execution of their Commission, at the discretion of The said Lord President.

Item for further reputation and honour of the same Office, the said Lord President shall have continually attending upon him,* 4.18 a Serjeant at Armes, who shall beare the Mace of the Queenes Majesties Armes

before him, in such manner as the Serjeant at Armes doth beare the Mace before the President in Wales; which Serjeant may at all times be sent by the said Lord President and Councell, for th'apprehending and bringing in of any disobedient person, receiving of every such person, being of the degree of a Gentleman, so commonly knowen, and having yearely liuelihood by any meanes of tenne pounds, for his arrest ten shillings; and for the arrest of every particular person, six shillings eight pence, and six shillings eight pence for every dayes travell, and not aboue. Hee shall also haue his dyet in the Household of the said Lord President,* 4.19 and towards his maintenance the ordina∣ry wages of one of the thirtie Horsemen. And forasmuch as there must bee of necessitie one Officer to whom all offenders and malefa∣ctors are to bee committed, during the time of their Imprisonment: it is thought meet that the said Lord President shall appoint one Por∣ter,* 4.20 to haue charge of the Goale, who shall haue his dyet in the house∣hould of the said Lord President, and bee accounted as one of the twentie Footmen, and receiue the wages due for the same: and also such other profits upon every prisoner, as ensueth, viz. for the entry of every prisoner so to him committed, having liuelihood of tenne pounds by the yeare, three shillings foure pence, and twelue pence by the day for his dyet, during his abode in prison, and for every o∣ther person of inferiour condition, two shillings for his entry, and six pence by the day for his dyet.

Item,* 4.21 the said Lord President and Councell, (if oportunitie may serue) monethly, or once every two moneths at the least, advertise us the Lo.* 4.22 Deputie and Councell here of the State, of the Country with∣in their Commission, or oftner if they shall see cause.

And where the said Lo:* 4.23 President and Councell shal haue by their Commission, sufficient authoritie to heare and determine, by their discretions, all manner of complaints, within any part of the province of Mounster, as well guildeable as franchise, yet they shall haue good regard, that except great necessitie, or other matters of conscience, conceived upon the complaint, shall moue him, they shall not hinder nor impeach the good course and usage of the common Lawes of the Realme, but shall to their power further the execution thereof, nor shall without evident cause, interrupt such Liberties, and Fran∣chises, as haue lawfull commencement, and continuance by the war∣rants of the Law, other wayes then where any speciall complaint shall be made unto them, of any manifest wrong, or delay of Iustice, done, or used, by the owners, Officers, or Ministers of the said Fran∣chises or Liberties:* 4.24 In which cases; the said Lord President and Councell shall examine the said defaults, so alledged, by way of com∣plaint, to be counted in the Franchises, and shall send for the Officers,

against whom complaint shall be made: and finding the same to be true, they shall not only heare and determine the particular & princi∣pall causes of the parties complaints, but shall also reforme & punish, according to their discretions, the defaults of the said owners and Mi∣nisters of the said Liberties; and if the matter shall so serue, upon due information to be made to us, of the abuses of the said Franchises and Liberties, so as the same may be done by order according to the lawes tryed, and upon just causes the Liberties resumed into the Queenes Majesties hands.

Item,* 4.25 where the said Lo: President and Councell shall haue Com∣mission, power, and authoritie, by Letters Patents under the Great Seale of this Realme of Ireland, and of Oyer, Determiner, and Goale deliverie, in as large and ample manner as any such Commission or Authoritie is graunted to any Commissioners for that purpose, with∣in the Realmes of England,* 4.26 or Ireland: Wee the said Lord Deputie and Councell,* 4.27 doe earnestly require and charge the said Lord Presi∣dent and Councell, that hee and they doe diligently and often, severe∣ly and justly sit, heare, and determine, by vertue of the same, such causes as shall bee brought before them, in such severall places as best may agree with the necessitie of the cause, and the commoditie of the people.

Item,* 4.28 where also the said Lord President hath full power and au∣thoritie, by Letters patents under the great Seale of this realme, to execute the Martiall law, when necessitie shall require, in as large and ample manner as to any other it hath beene accustomed to bee graunted within this realme of Ireland: The said Lord President shall haue good regard thereunto, that no use be made of the Martiall lawe, but when meere necessitie shall require; for the exercise there∣of is onely to bee allowed, where other ordinarie administration of Iustice cannot take place▪ foreseeing alwayes, that no person ha∣ving fiue pound of Freehold, or goods to the value of tenne pound, shall not bee tried by the order of the Martiall Law, but by order of the common Law: And yet if necessitie for service, and terrour to others, shall at any time require the Martiall Lawe to be executed vp∣on any one person or moe being of greater value in lands or goods, then aboue is expressed,* 4.29 the President in such speciall causes may use his discretion, and thereof, and of the causes that mooved him, shall make us the Lord Deputie and Councell privie.* 4.30

Item it is,* 4.31 and shall bee lawfull for the Lord President and Coun∣cell, or any two of them, whereof the Lord President to bee one, to prosecute and oppresse any rebell, or rebells, with sword and with fire, and for the doing of the same, to leavie in warlike manner and array, and with the same to march, such and so many of the Queenes

Subjects, as to his discretion shall seeme convenient; And if that any Castle, Pile, or House, bee with force kept against them, it shall bee lawfull for the said Lord President and Councell, or two of them whereof the Lord President to be one,* 4.32 to bring before any such Ca∣stle, Pile, or House, so to bee kept against them, any of the Queenes Majesties Ordnance and great artillery, remaining within the limits of the Commission: And with the same, or by some other meanes or Ingine, any such Castle, Pile, or House, to batter, mine, or over∣throw, as to their discretions shall seeme best. Streightly charging and commanding all Archbishops, Earles, Bishops, Vicounts, Barons, and Baronets, Knights, Majors, Sheriffs, Iustices, and Ministers of peace, and all other Gentlemen and Commons being her Majesties Subjects to helpe,* 4.33 aid and assist the said Lord President and Councell, in such sort, and at such time, as by the said Lord President and Councel, or two of them, whereof the Lord President to bee one, they shall bee commanded, upon such paines, as for the nature and of the defaults shall bee thought meet, to the said Lo: President and Councell to limit and assesse.

And it is ordered by us the said Lord Deputy and Councell,* 4.34 that if any person complaine to the said Lord President and Councell,* 4.35 and that they shall thinke their Complainants worth the hearing, that the persons so complained upon, shall be sent for by a Letter missive under the Queenes Signet, to appeare before the Lord President and Councel at a day and place by them to be appointed, there to answer to such things as shall bee laid to their charges, and further to be or∣dered, as shall stand with right, justice, equity, and conscience: and for lacke of apparance upon such Letters they shall send foorth Let∣ters of alleageance, Proclamations, or other Processe, to bee made, directed, and awarded by their discretions to the Sheriffe, Constable, or other Minister whereby the partie complained upon may bee cal∣led to come to his answer as appertaineth, and if by the obstinacy of the partie complained upon, the case so require, to sequester his or their lands or goods, or either of them by their discretions. And fur∣thermore if in case any person or persons having habitation or dwel∣ling or any lands or tenemēts by lease or otherwise, within the limits of the Commission aforesaid, shall by covin, fraud, or d••ceit, or other∣wise absent himselfe, or goe out of the limits of the said Commis∣sion: That then Letters missive signed with the Queenes Signet, shall be delivered at his House, Lands, or Tenements, and the copies of the same shall bee left there, so that by most likelyhood the same may come to his knowledge being so sent for. And if within a certaine time after limited by their discretion, the person or persons so sent for,* 4.36 will make default of apparance: the said Lord President

and Councell, or any two of them, whereof the Lord President to bee one, shall as well proceede to other Processe, as to the hearing and determining of the matter or cause in variance, according to the Lawes, Statues, Ordinances made therein, or otherwise at their discretions.

And if in case any Letters missive, be sent and addressed from the Lord President and Councel,* 4.37 to any person or persons, of what estate, or degree soever they be, to appeare before them at a day appointed, the same Letters being delivered to him or them, or otherwise left at his or their house, as is above specifyed, the said Lord President and Councel, or any two of them, whereof the Lord President to bee one, shall cause him or them so contemning or disobeying, to be punished by imprisonment, and reasonable fine, or shall other wayes proceed according to their discretions. In which sayd cau∣ses, if any of the parties commit any resistance, or disobedience, ei∣ther of their appearance, or contrary to the Commaundements, di∣rection, decree or determination, made, or to be made, and decreed by the said Lord President and Councell;* 4.38 That then the said Lord President and Councell, or any two of them, whereof the Lord Pre∣sident to be one, shall or may command the Sherife, Major, Serjeant at Armes, Constable, Bailife, or other Officer or Minister, to whom it shall appertaine, to attach very person so offending, contemning, or disobeying,* 4.39 and to send him or them to the Lord Deputie in ward, together with Certificate of his contempt or disobedience, or else by their discretions to cause the parties so attached, to bee com∣mitted to ward, there to remaine in safe custodie, until the time that the pleasure of us the Lord Deputie,* 4.40 and Councell be knowen in the premisses, or that the same person or persons, assent, fulfill, and agree to the determination of the said Lord President and Councell,* 4.41 or a∣ny two of them, whereof the Lo: President to be one.

And the said Lord President and Councell shall haue full power and authoritie,* 4.42 by these presents, diligently to heare and determine, and trie, all, and all manner of extortions, maintenance, imbracery and oppressions, Conspiracies, rescues, escapes, corruptions, false∣hoods, and all manner evill doings▪ defaults, misdemeanours of all Sheriffes, Iustices of peace, Majors, Soveraignes, Portriffes, Bailiffes, Stewards, Lie••tenants, Excheators, Coroners, Goalers, Clarkes, and other Officers and Ministers of Iustice, and other Deputies, as well within all the Counties and Countries within the Province of Mounster, as within the supposed Liberties of Typperarij and Kerrij, and in all Cities & other townes corporate, within the limits of their said Commission, of what degree soever they be, and punish the same according to the quality and quantity of their said offences, by their

discretions, leaving neverthelesse, to the Lord and owners of all law∣full Liberties, such profits, as they lawfully claime.

And it shall be lawfull for the said Lord President,* 4.43 and Councell, or any three of them, whereof the Lord President to bee one, to con∣ceave, make, and cause to be proclaimed, in her Highnesse name, any thing or matter tending to the better order of her Majesties Subjects, within the precincts of their Commission, and the repressing of ma∣lefactors and misorders, after such tenour and forme, as they shall thinke convenient, and to punish the Offenders then according to their discretions.

And also wee the said Lord Deputie and Councell have thought meete,* 4.44 that the said Lord President and Councell,* 4.45 or any three of them,* 4.46 whereof the said Lord President to bee one, shall and may compound upon reasonable causes by their discretion, with any per∣son, for all forfeitures, growing, or comming, or that shall grow, or come, as well by all and singular penall Statutes, as also of obligations and Recognizances, taken, made, or acknowledged, before the said L: President and Councell,* 4.47 or any of them, within the limits of their authorities and Commission for apparance, or for the peace, or good abearing, or by reason of any speciall Statute whatsoever, then made or to be made, And shall also have authority, to cesse reasonable fines for any offences, whereof any person shall happen to bee convicted, before the said Lord President and Councell and such Summes of mony, as shall grow or come, by reason of any such compositions or Fines, they shall cause it to bee entred into a booke, subscribed with the hands of the said Lord President and Councell, or two of them at the least▪ whereof the Lord President to bee one: To the end the Queenes Majestie may be answered of the same accordingly: And also upon such compositions made of Fine or Fines, set as aforesaid, shall have authority to cancell or make voyde all such Obligations and Bonds.

And also the said Lord President shall cause,* 4.48 as much as in him ly∣eth, all Writts or Processes, sent or to bee sent, to any person or per∣sons inhabiting, or being within the precinct of his Commission out of the Kings Bench, Chaunce••••e, or Exchequer, or any other Court of Record, diligently to bee observed, and effectually to bee obeyed, according to the tenor of the same. And if hee shall find negligence, slacknesse, or willfull omission, in any Officer or other Minister to whom the delivery or serving of such Processe doth appertaine: Hee shall punish the same severely according to the greatnesse and quali∣tie of the offence.

And it shall bee lawfull for the said Lord President and Councell, or any three of them, whereof the Lord President to bee one, after

examination in the causes necessary, upon vehement suspition and presumption of any great offence in any partie committed a∣gainst the Queenes Majestie, to put the said partie so suspected to tor∣tures, as they thinke convenient, and as the cause shall require: and also to respitt Iudgement of death upon any person convicted or at∣tainted before him and that Councell, for any treason, murder, or any other felony: Or after Iudgement given to stay execution untill such time as hee shall certifie us the Lord Deputie and Councell of his doings, and consideration of the same, and receiue answere from us thereof: Provided alwayes, that the same certificate bee made to us the Lo: Deputie and Councell within the space of 21 dayes after such thing is done.

Also if any Inquest within the precinct of their Commission, within Liberties or without, being sworne and charged upon triall of any fellonie, murder, or any like offender, whatsoever hee bee, having good and pregnant evidence for sufficient proofe of the mat∣ter, whereof the said offendor shall bee accused, indicted or arraig∣ned, doe utterly acquite such offendor contrary to the said evidence, that then the said Lord President and Councell, or any two of them, whereof the Lord President to bee one, shall examine such perjuries as well by deposition of witnesses, as by all other kinde of proofes by their discretions; and if the said Inquest bee convicted before the said Lord President and Councell, or three of them at the least, wher∣of the Lord President to be one, the said Lord President, and Coun∣cell may and shall proceed to the punishment of such offence by fine, imprisonment, or wearing of papers, or standing on the pillorie, as by their discretions shall seeme meet.

Also, wee the said Lord Deputie and Councell, doe earnestly re∣quire, and straightly charge the said Lord President and Councell, that they at all times, and in all places, where any great assembly shall bee made before them, doe perswade the people by all good meanes and wayes to them seeming good, and especially by their owne examples, in observing all Orders for Divine Service, and o∣ther things appertaining to Christian Religion, and to embrace, for∣low, and devoutly to obserue the Order and Service of the Church, established in the Realme by Parliament, or otherwayes by lawfull authoritie, and earnestly to call upon and admonish all Bishops and Ordinaries, within the precinct of their Commission, diligent∣ly, fervently, and often to doe the same. And if the Lord President and Councell, shall finde them negligent and unwilling, or unable to doe the same, That then they shall advertise the Lord Deputie and Councell thereof, and they shall call earnestly upon the Bi∣shops, severely to proceed according to the censuring of the church,

against all notorious Advowterers, and such as without lawfull di∣vorce, doe leaue their Wiues, or whilest that their lawfull Wife li∣veth doe marry with any other, and the Sentence pronounced by the Bishop or Ordinarie upon the offendor: The said Lo: President and Councell shall endeavour themselues to the uttermost that they conveniently may, to cause the same Sentence to bee put in execu∣tion according to the Lawes; And if they shall finde the Ordinarie slacke or remisse in this duetie, and not doing according to his Of∣fice, they shall punish, or cause to bee punished, the same Bishop or Ordinary, according to their discretions.

Also the Lord President and Councell shall examine the decay of all parish Churches, and through whose defaults the same be decay∣ed, and to proceed to the procuring or informing of such as ought to repaire any Church or Churches, with all convenient speed, ac∣cording to their discretions: And in cases where her Majestie shall bee (after due and advised inquisition) found by reason of her posses∣sions bound to repaire the same Churches, In those cases advertise∣ment shall bee given to us the Lord Deputie, &c. Or if they shall know of any that shall spoyle, rob, or deface any Church, they shall with all sincerity proceed to the punishment of the Offenders, accor∣ding to the Lawes, Statutes, and Ordinances of this Realme, or ac∣cording to their discretions: They shall assist and defend all Arch-Bishops, Bishops, and all other ecclesiastical Ministers in the ministery of their function, and in the quiet possessing of their Landes, rents, services, and hereditaments and shall punish the with-holders, intru∣ders, and usurpers of the same, according to their discretions, and the quality of the offence. They shall also giue earnest charge for the observation of all Lawes, and Statutes, or Ordinances made, or to be made for the benefit of the Common-wealth, and punishment of malefactors, and especially the Statute for the Hue and crie, for Night-watches, and for Weights and Measures, to be diligently considered, and severely put in execution.

Also the said Lord President shall haue and retaine, one Chap∣lin or Minister, that shall and can preach, and reade the Homilies, who shall bee allowed his Dyet in the Houshold of the sayd Lord President, and shall receiue his entertainment to bee payed out of the Fines growing in that Province, to whom the Lo: President shall cause due reverence to be given, in respect of the Office that he shall haue for the Service of God.

Also the said Lo: Deputie and Councell will, that the sayd Lord President and Councell, or two of them at least▪ whereof the Lord President to bee one, shall endeavour themselues to execute as well all and all manner Statues of this Realme, Proclam••tions,

and to doe and execute all other Lawes and Statutes of this Realme, and other Ordinances, as to punish the transgressors of the same, ac∣cording to the said Statutes▪ Ordinances, and Proclamations: And to leavie or cause to be leavied all and all manner of forfeitures contai∣ned in the same, according to the order limitted by the sayd Lawes: And if cause so require, shall compound for reasonable causes for all and singular such forfeiture•• and paines by their discretions; Having therein regarde not to diminish the ••ines specially limited by the Lawes, without great necessitie of the poverty of the parties to be ioyned with repentance and disposition of amendment in the par∣tie, for otherwise it is per••llous to giue example in weakening the iust terror of good Lawes.

Also the Lord President and Councell or two of them wher∣of the Lord President to be one, shall and may assesse and taxe Costs and dammages, aswell to the Plaintiffe as to the Defendant, and shall awarde Executions for their doings, Decrees and Orders: And shall punish the Breakers of the same, being parties therevnto by their discretions.

And the said Lord President and Councell▪ shall immediately up∣on their repaire to some convenient place, where they meane to re∣side within the Limits of their Commission▪ appointing two suffi∣cient men to bee Clearkes o•• Attornies to that Councell, for the ma∣king of Bils, Answers, and Proceses for all manner of Subiects, and th••r••n not multiply such Officers, le••t also they be occasiō to multiply unnecessary suites, and some trusty wise persons to examine witnes∣ses betweene partie and partie, which of necessitie would be chosen with good advise, foreseeing expresly and charitably, that no exces∣siue fees be by any of them taken of the Subiects, but that their fees bee assessed by the Lord President and Councell, and the same faire written upon a Table▪ and fixed upon some publike place where the same may be seene▪ and understood of all Suitors, and that in the be∣ginning the Fees may appeare, and be meane and reasonable; So as in no wise the prosecution of releefe by way of Iustice bee not so chargeable as the poore oppressed sort bee thereby discouraged to make their complaints.

And because it shall bee convenient, that a Register bee daily kept for all the doings, orders, decrees and proceedings, which from time to time shall passe by the said Lo. President and Councell: The Lord Deputie and Councells pleasure is, that the Clarke of the sayd Councell for the time being, having reasonable allowance for the same of the parties having an interest thereby, shall diligently exe∣cute and performe this charge without any further expences then shall bee specially directed unto him by the said Lord President to be

sustained by her Majesties Subjects, for enteries of Actes and Or∣ders, &c.

Also the said Lord Deputie and Councell haue thought it conve∣nient, that there shall bee one honest and sufficient man appointed to bee Clarke and receiver of the Fines, at the nomination of the sayd Lord President, who shall diligently and orderly keepe a Booke of all such Fines as shall bee taxed upon any person; the fine to bee al∣wayes entred by the hand of the Lord President, and shall haue full power to send out Processe for any person, upon whom any such fine shalbe so seased, and to receiue all such fines, and in every Michaelmas•• Terme, thereof to make a true and perfect account before the Barons and other Officers of the Queenes Majesties Exchequer for the time being, to the end we may be assertained what fines haue bin acquired to the Queenes Majestie, and how the same haue been imployed. Provided alwayes, and it shall be lawfull for the said Lord President and Councell, to imploy of the said Fines, reasonable summes for re∣ward of Messengers, and repairing the Queenes castles and houses, and in building and reedifying Goales within each Countie, in the precinct of their Commission, where by Lawes of the Realme no other persons are thereto bound and chargeable: and also for furni∣shing of necessary utensils for the houshold, as to the said L. President and Councell▪ or to any two of them, whereof the Lord President to bee one, shall seeme ne••dfull and convenient. In all which the said Lord President shall haue regard to moderate those allowances, as of the Fines assessed and levied▪ the Queenes Maiestie may be an∣swered some reasonable yeerely Sommes towards her great chardges in maintaining of this Councell, the same being to the Crowne of England a new chardge, and any warrantmēt signed by the said Lord President, or any one of the Councell for any such Somme or Soms, shall be a sufficient dischardge to the said Clearke our Receiver of the said Fines for the issuing of the said Sommes. And the said Clearke or Receiver shall haue full power for the sending out of Processe against any person upon whom any such Fine shall be cessed, and to haue his Processe gratis from the Clearke of the Signet, and hee to haue his diet in the house of the said Lord President, and to bee ac∣counted one of the number of this Horsemen▪ and to receiue the wa∣ges, and entertainement due for the same.

Also the said Lord Deputie and Councell haue thought meete there shall be a continuall housholde kept within the precinct and li∣mits of the Commission aforesaid in such place, as to the Lord Presi∣dent shall seeme most convenient; All servants necessary for which houshold shall be at the Nomination of the said Lord President; In which house, each Councellor bound to continuall attendance, and

attending shall bee allowed their diets, and the clearke of the Coun∣cell, and every other Councellor, being either sent for, or comming for any needfull busines, for the Queene, or countrey shall be allowed during their aboad there their diet. And for the more honourable porte of the said Houshold, there shall be allowed unto the said Lord President and Councell after the rate of ten pounds sterling by the weeke, to bee imployed upon the Table chardges of the said House∣hold, halfe yeerely to bee received at the hands of the Vice-treasurer, and generall Receiver of the Queenes Maiesties revenewes of this Realme, for payment of which there shall remaine in the hands of the said Vice-treasurer, (who is also Treasurer for the Warres) as War∣rant dormant, whereby the said Vice-treasurer shall be authorized to pay to the said Lord President, one halfe yeeres allowance alwayes before hand towards the making his necessary provision, out of the revenew: Or if he shall not haue sufficient Treasure, then out of any other Treasure, the said Lord President shall nominate and appoint one discreete and sufficient man of his servants to bee Steward, or clearke of the same Houshold, who shall weekely write and summe the chardges thereof, and the same also shall hee weekely present to the Lord President and Councell, to be considered.

And because her Maiestie meaneth principally to benefit her Sub∣iects, not onely with the fruites of Iustice, but with the delivery of them from all unnecessary burdens: The Lord President and Councell shall foresee, that no manner of extraordinary or excessiue charge bee put and layed upon any person against their Wils and Agreements, by finding or sustaining of any Horsman, or Footman, or Horse-boy, or Horse belonging of the said Lord President, or any of the said Councell, on any belonging to them. And in the like manner shall see that the Subiects bee not oppressed with the like by any other, contrary to the Lawes of the Realme for such causes provided.

Item, considering the Queenes Maiestie hath title and right to no small quantity of possessions, within Mounster, aswell of auncient revenew of the Crowne, and of other Seigniories devolued to the Crowne; And also of the dissolved Monasteries and other Houses of religion, the which are not duely answered to her Ma∣iestie as reason would; The said Lord President and Councell shall from time to time imploy their Labours by all their good dis∣cretions, to procure that her Maiesties Officers or Farmors appoin∣ted for that purpose, may peaceably and fully from time to time possesse and receiue the profits of the same.

The Oath to bee ministred by the Lord President to such as shall be admitted to bee of the Councell of Mounster, being not already

sworne of her Majesties Privie Councell in Ireland, as well the oath provided in the Statute for swearing of Officers, as also this heere∣under written, viz.

You shall sweare to the uttermost of your power, will, and cun∣ning, you shall be true and faithfull to the Queenes Majestie our So∣veraigne Lady, and to her Heires and Successors.

You shall not know nor heare any thing that may in any wise be prejudiciall to her Highnes, or the Commonwealth, peace and quiet of this her Hignesse Realme, but you shall with all diligence re∣veale and disclose the same to her Highnesse, or to such other per∣son or persons of her Majesties Privie Councell in Ireland, as you shall thinke may and will soonest convey and bring it to her High∣nesse knowledge.

You shall serue her Maiestie truely and faithfully in the roome and place of her Maiesties Councell in Mounster.

You shall in all things that bee moved, treated, and debated in any Councell, faithfully and truely declare your mind and opinion accor∣ding to your heart and conscience: In no wise forbearing so to doe for any respect of Favour, Meade, Dreade, Displeasure, or corruption.

Yee shall faithfully and unrightly to the best of your power, cause Iustice to bee duely and indifferently ministred to the Queenes Ma∣iesties Subiects, that shall haue cause to sue for the same, according to equity and order of Lawes.

Finally, you shall bee vigilant, diligent, and circumspect in all your doings and proceedings, touching the Queenes Maiestie and her affaires.

All which points and Articles before expressed, with all other Articles signed with the hands of the Lord Deputie and Councell of this Realme, and delivered to mee the Lord President of her High∣nesse Councell established in these parts: You shall faithfully ob∣serue, keepe, and fulfill to the uttermost of your Power, Wit, Will, and cunning, so helpe you God, and the contents of this Booke.

THE NAMES OF THE COVN∣CELLORS TO BEE ASSISTANT to the Lord President of Mounster, as they are directed under the hand of the Lord Deputie.

• The Earle of Ormond.
• The Earle of Kildare.
• The Earle of Thomond.
• The Vice-Co: Barry.
• The Lord••Audley.
• The Bishop of Corke.
• The Bishop of Limer.
• Sir Nicholas Welsh.
• Iustice Saxey.
• Sir Francis Barkley.
• Sir George Thornton.
• Iustice Golde.
• The Queenes Sergeant.
• The Q. Attorney generall.
• The Q. Solicitor.
• Sir Charles Wilmot.
• Garret Comerford▪ Esquire.
• Hugh Cuffe, Esquire.

• Adam Dublin.
• Thom. Midens.
• George Cary.
• Rich. Wingfield.
• Anth. S^t leger.
• George Bourcher.
• Geof. Fenton.
• ••ra: Stafford.

CHAP. II.

The Earle of Tyrone in Mounster, and his Actions there. The White Knight Tyrones pri∣soner. Florence Mac Carti made Mac Carti More, and Donell Mac Carti dis∣placed. The Lord Barry spoyled. Tyrones letter to the Lord Barry, with the Lord Barry's answere. Sir Warham Saint leger, and Mac Guyre slaine. Tyrones returne into Vlster.

A Little before the landing of the Lord Deputie in Ireland (as is said) the Arch-traytor Tyrone,* 4.49 to unite the Rebels of Mounster, and especially to conferre with Iames fits Thomas, the titulary Earle of Desmond, and Florence Mac Cartie, at whose intreatie he made a journey into Mounster; Those whom hee found obstinate in rebellion, hee incouraged, from such as hee held doubtfull, hee tooke pledges, or detained prisoners: of which last sort was the White Knight,* 4.50 and his sonne in law, Donogh Mac Cormocke Cartie, whom in hand-lockes he carried away with him: And whereas Donell Mac Cartie, the Earle of Clancares base sonne had been by the Mac Carties of Desmond advanced to the Stile, ti∣tle and authoritie of Mac Cartie More: Him hee displaced, and in his roome Florence Mac Cartie* 4.51 was surrogated, being a man as hee conceived, of farre more use then Donell. Such as were, or reputed good Subjects, these hee prosecuted with sword and fire; Amongst others which felt his heavie hand, the Lord Barry was one, upon whom, when hee could not worke his desire to draw him into actu∣all rebellion, by the perswasion of the Provinciall rebells, him hee preyed,* 4.52 burned, and spoyled, to make it manifest, that hee was solli∣cited to enter into Rebellion; both the Letters of Tyrone, and the Lord Barries Answere, are heere truly set downe, the tenors where∣of doe ensue.

Tyrones Letter to the Lord Barrie.

MY Lord Barry, your impietie to God, crueltie to your soule and body, tyrannie & ingratitude both to your followers and country are inexcusable & intolerable. You separated your selfe from the unitie of Christs mysticall Bodie, the Catholike Church. You know the Sword of Extirpation hangeth over your head, as well as ours, if things fall out other wayes then well; you are the cause, why all the Nobilitie of the South (from the East part to the West,) you being linked unto each one of them, either in affinitie, or con∣sanguinitie, are not linked together to shake off the cruell yoake of Heresie and Tyrannie, with which our Soules and Bodies are op∣prest; All those aforesaid depending of your resolution, and relying

to your Iudgement in this common cause of our Religion and Coun∣trey, you might forsooth with their helpe, (and the rest that are combyned in this holy Action) not onely defend your selfe from the incursion and invasion of the English, but also (by Gods assistance) who miraculously and aboue all expectation, gaue good successe to the cause principally undertaken for his glorie, exaltation of religion, next for the restauration of the ruines, and preservation of the Coun∣trey, expell them, and deliver them and us from most miserable and cruell exaction and subjection, enjoy your religion, safetie of Wife and children, life, lands and goods, which all are in hazard through your folly, and want of due consideration: Enter I beseech you in∣to the closet of your Conscience, and like a wise man weigh serious∣ly the end of your actions, and take advise of those that ••an instruct you, and informe you better, then your owne private judgement can leade you unto. Consider, and reade with attention and setled minde, this Discourse I sende you, that it may please God to set open your eyes, and graun•• you a better minde. From the Campe this in∣stant Tuesday the fixt of March according to the new Computation. I pray you to send mee the Papers I sent you, assoone as your Ho∣nour shall reade the same.

O Neale.

The Lord Barries Answer to Tyrone.

YOur Letters I received, and if I had answered the same as right∣fully they might be answered, you should haue as little like ther∣of as I should mislike or feare any thing by you threatned against me; (which manner of Answere, leaving to the construction and consi∣deration of all those that are fully possessed with the knowledge of the Law of duetie to God and Man.) You may understand hereby briefly my mind to your obiections, in this manner; How I am undoubtedly perswaded in my conscience, that by the Law of God and his true religion I am bound to hold with her Maiestie: Her Highnesse hath never restrained me for matters of religion, and as I felt her Maiesties indifferencie and clemencie therein, I haue not spa∣red to releeue poore Catholikes with duetifull succour, which well considered, may assure any well disposed mind, that if duety had not (as it doth) yet kindnesse and courtesie should bind me, to remem∣ber, and requite to my power, the benefits by me received at her Ma∣iesties hands: You shall further understand, that I hold my Lordships and Lands, immediately under God, of her Maiestie and her most noble Progenitors, by corporall service, and of none other, by very ancient Tenour, which Service and Tenour, none may dispence

withall, but the true Possessor of the Crowne of England, being now our Soveraigne Lady Queene Elizabeth. And though yee by some over weening imaginations, haue declined from your dutifull allege∣ance unto her Highnesse; Yet I haue setled my selfe never to forsake Her: Let fortune never so much rage against me, shee being my an∣nointed Prince, and would to God you had not so farre ran to such desperate and erronious wayes, offending God and her Maiestie: who hath so well deserved of you, and I would pray you, to enter into consideration thereof, and with penitent hearts, to reclaime your selues, hoping that her Highnesse of her accustomed clemency▪ would be gracious to you, wherein I leaue you to your owne com∣punction and consideration. And this much I must challenge you, for breach of your word in your Letter, by implication inserted that your forces haue spoiled part of my countrey, and preyed them to the number of foure thousand Kine, and three thousand Mares and Gerrans, and taken some of my followers Prisoners, within the time by you assigned unto mee to come unto you, by your said word, (if yee regarde it) I require restitution of my spoile, and Pri∣soners, and after (unlesse you bee better advised▪ for your Loyalty) use your discretions against mee and mine, and spare not if you please, for I doubt not with the helpe of God, and my Prince, to bee quit with some of you hereafter, though now not able to use re∣sistance: And so wishing you to become true and faithfull Subiects to God and your Prince, I end, at Barry Court this twenty sixe of February, 1599.

While Tyrone was in Mounster,* 6.1 a disasterous action hapned, upon the day of February, Tyrone with his Hell-hounds being not farre from Corke, Sir Warham S^t Ledger and Sir Henry Power (who after the death of Sir Thomas Norris, Lord President of Mounster in the vacancie of a President had beene established Commissioners for the government of the Province) riding out of the Citie for re∣creation to take the aire, accompanied with sundry Captaines and Gentlemen with a few Horse for their Guard, not dreaming of an enemie neere at hand, carelesly riding every one as he thought good, within a mile of the Towne, or little more, Sir Warham S^t leger, and one of his servants a little stragling from his companie, was in a nar∣row way, suddenly charged by Mac Guire, who with some Horse (likewise dispersed) had spread a good circuit of ground, in hope ei∣ther to get some bootie, or to haue the killing of some Subjects, they charged each other. Sir Warham discharged his Pistoll, and shot the Traytor; and hee was strucken with the others Horsemans staffe in the head, of which wounds either of them dyed: but none else on

either side was slaine.* 6.2 Tyrone* 6.3 having dispatched his busines in Mounster turned his face towards Vlster. The Earle of Ormond, the Lord Lieuetenant generall of Her Maiesties Forces with a compe∣tent Army was before him with a purpose to fight with him in his retreat; But by what accident hee missed of his intention I know not, being a hard matter to fight with an enemy that is not disposed to put any thing in hazard: He went through Ormond and stayed not untill he had passed through a part of Westmeth betweene Mollingar and Athlone. The Lord Deputie on the 5. of March had intelligence that hee meant to passe through Westmeth; Whereupon with all the force hee could presently a••••emble hee marched from Dublin, but his endeavour was fruitlesse, for Tirone was past before his comming.

CHAP. III.

The Lord President le••••t Dublin. The Earle of Ormond taken prisoner by Owny Mac Rory Omore. A joynt Letter from the Lord President and the Earle of Thomond to the Lords of the Councell in England. The manner of the Earle of Ormonds ta∣king prisoner. The narrow escape of the Lord President, and wounding of the Earle of Thomond. The order taken for the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of the Count••ey after the Earle of Ormonds disaster. The submission of Tho: Fitz Iames, and Tho: Power.

THE Lord President having attended long at Dublin a∣bout his dispatches afore mentioned,* 6.4 (wherein he lost no time) upon the seventh of Aprill being accompa∣nied with the Earle of Thomond, the Lo: Audley, Cap∣taine Roger Harvy, Captaine Thomas Browne, Captaine Garret Dillon and some other Captaines and Gentlemen with seven hundred Foote and one hundred Horse; Hee tooke his leaue of the Lord Deputie, who with all the Councellors and Captaines then in the Citie, (to doe him honour) rode with him about two miles out of the Towne, and that night he lodged at the Naas, the next night at Catherlogh, and the day following hee came to Kilkenny to visit the Earle of Ormond being a noble man whom he much re∣spected, aswell for the honorable parts that were in him, as for the long and familiar acquaintance which had beene betweene them: After salutations and complements were past, the Earle told the Pre∣sident that the next day hee was to parlie with the Rebell Owny Mac▪ Rory Omore at a place about eight miles from Kilkenny, and hee was desirous that the President would goe with him, whereunto he easi∣ly assented: the next morning being the tenth of Aprill,* 6.5 according to the appointment, the Earle parlied with the Traitor, and was there

taken Prisoner:* 6.6 To the end the Reader may truely understand the manner of that dayes misfortune, behold the Letter which the Pre∣sident and the Earle of Thomond sent to the Lords of the Councell in England, wherein the same is fully related.

A Ioint Letter from the Lord President and the Earle of Thomond to the Lords of the Councell.

IT may please your Lordships: Although I the President haue by my Letters advertised the Lord Deputie, the manner in what sort the Earle of Ormond was taken, which I thinke is by his Lord∣ship sent unto you, yet, wee thinke it our dueties to make relation thereof unto your Lordships; and to make knowen unto your Ho∣nours, how accidentally we were witnesses of his misfortune. On Munday the seventh of Aprill, wee departed from Dublin, and upon Wednesday at night wee came to Kilkenny, where wee found the Earle of Ormond: In our company we had one hundred Horse, dis∣persed in the Countrey ten or twelue miles distant from us, by the Earles Officers: as soone as we came unto him, he acquainted us, that he had appointed the next day to parlie with Owny Mac Rory, vvee told his Lordship, that vve vvould attend him: And I the President, desired his Lordship, that my one hundred Horse might be sent for to goe vvith us, for his Lordships better guard, vvhich he refused, thanking me for my offer,* 7.1 saying that he had no need of them: The next day being the tenth of this present▪ after Dinner his Lordship not having in his company aboue the number of seventeene Horse∣men (of his followers) armed, and not little aboue the like num∣ber of all sorts, whereof wee were part, and the rest Lavv∣yers, Merchants, and others upon Hacknies, with no other Weapons then our Swordes, roade out to the place of mee∣ting, eight long Miles from Kilkenny, called Corronneduffe, upon the Borders of Ydough; Leaving his Lordships owne Company of two hundred Footemen short (of the place of Parlie assigned) aboue two English Miles; The place vvhere vvee met with the rebells, was upon a Heath ground, descending towards a narrow straight, having on either side of us a lowe shrubbie bog∣gie wood, within three pikes length (at the farthest) from the place where wee parlyed, and the like distance from the straight aforesaid, the choyce whereof wee much misliked. Owny Mac Rorye when hee came unto us, brought with him a Troupe of choise Pikes, lea∣ving in a little plaine beyond the straight, within halfe Culvering shot of us, in our sight, all his grosse, beeing in all to the number (as Redmond Keting, one of the rebells did sweare unto mee the Presi∣dent

[illustration]

fiue hundred Foot strong, and twentie Horse, whereof three hundred were Bonoughes, the best furnished men for the warre, and the best appoynted that wee haue seene in this Kingdome. At our first meeting, and so during the parley, (which was appoynted for some good causes best knowen to his Lordship) they stood (as they might) every one trayling his Pike, and holding the cheeke thereof in his hand, ready to push. The Earle himselfe was upon a little weake Hackney, unarmed (as all wee were that were about him) standing so neere with the side of his Hackney to the rebells, as they touched him. After an hower and more was idly spent, and nothing concluded, wee and others did pray his Lordship to depart: But hee desirous to see that infamous Iesuite Archer, did cause him to bee sent for; assoone as hee came, the Earle and hee fell into an Argu∣ment, wherein hee called Archer Traytor, and reprooved him, for sending, under pretext of Religion, her Majesties Subjects into re∣bellion. In this meane time the grosse of the rebells had left their standing in the plaine, and some crept into the shrubbes aforesayd, and others did so mingle themselues among us, that wee were envi∣roned, and stood as if wee had been in a Faire, whereof divers did advertise his Lordship. And at last I the Earle of Thomond willed Ownye to put backe his men: And I the President desired his Lord∣shipp to bee gone, for that I did not like their mingling with us; wherewith as his Lordship was turning his Horse, at an instant they seised upon him, and us two: His Lordship was in a moment drawen from his Horse; we had more hanging upon us, then is cre∣dibly to bee beleeved: but our horses were strong, and by that meanes did breake through them, in tumbling downe (on all sides) those that were before and behinde us, and (thankes be to God) we escaped the push of their pikes, (which they freely bestowed) and the flinging of their Skeines, without any hurt, saving that I the Earle of Thomond received with a Pike a wound in the back. The Earles Horsemen (which were armed) were farre from us, for eve∣ry one was dispersed, and talking with particular rebells, about the bordering businesse, so as wee doe protest unto your Lordships, in all wee were not aboue tenne unarmed men neere unto him, and assoone as the Allarme was raised, every man of his followers came away, without ••ooking behind him: After wee had cleered our selues (within a Butt length at the most) wee made hault, and called for the Trumpet, and cried upon the Earles men for a Charge, but none stood by us, but Captaine Harvy, Captaine Browne, Master Co∣merford, a Lawyer, and three of our Servants, which was all the company that we had then, and all of us, without Armour or other Weapon then our Swords, so as for want of more company, vvee

were enforced by the Enemies shott, to leaue them the ground; But we doe assure your Lordships, the place wherein we parlied was of such advantage to the Enemy, that 500 Foote, would not haue cared for 500 Horse, and therefore (his Lordship having no Foote with him) it was unpossible to doe the Enemy any harme with Horse: this treachery (for so wee must terme it in respect of his Lordships confidence in the valour of his owne men, and also in his opinion that the Enemy durst not shew him this foule measure) was contri∣ved by that Villaine Archer, and none was made acquainted with it,* 7.2 but Owny Mac Rory, two Leinster men, and fower Bonnaghes, for if more had beene trusted, there is no doubt but his Lordship should haue had knowledge of it; Owny Mac Rory laid his hands on mee the President, as they report, and (next unto God) I must thanke the Earle of Thomond for my escape,* 7.3 who thrust his Horse upon him, and at my backe a Rebell newly protected (at my suite) called Brien Mac Donoghe Kevanaghe being a foote, did me good service, and wounded one of the Traitors, that laid hands on the Earle of Or∣mond, for the rest I must thanke my Horse, whose strength bare downe all about him. On our side there was but one man slaine, not aboue fiue hurt, whereof Pierce Butler (a kinseman of the Earles) was one, who behaved himselfe valiantly; and about foure∣teene taken Prisoners; and of the Enemy was one slaine, and a few hurt; the Prisoners were taken by their owne negligence, who were grazing their horses: The taking of this great Lord breeds unsetled humors in these parts, for all the Gentlemen of the countrey (where∣of some of them were his true followers) for want of a Defender are wavering; others, which in their owne dispositions were naught, and contained themselues as Subiects but for feare of his power, are now at liberty, and we feare will shortly declare them∣selues: * 7.4 To keepe them from present uproares, I the President, did immediately send for sixe hundred Foote of the Mounster Compa∣nies, which were at Watterford, & the hundred Horse, which were in the countrey, to the Towne of Kilkenny, which hath wrought good effect, and staied the unsetled humors; besides, thereby it did assure the Lady of Ormond, and her daughter, which otherwise had beene subiect to many dangers, so sorrowfull a Lady in all our liues vvee haue not seene; and doe beleeue, that if it had not pleased God, that we at that time, had beene there, she would hardly haue undergone those griefes that did oppresse her: For besides the losse of her hus∣band (in being Prisoner with those rogues) she beheld the apparant ruine of her selfe and her daughter, and no lesse danger of both their liues; the Guard vvhereof she committed unto us, not being assured of those that serue her, for there is divers that pretend to bee the

Earles Heires; First Sir Edmond Butler his second Brother, which Sir Walter Butler the Earles Nephew, (whose blood is not attainted) vvill not yeeld unto, because his Vncle Sir Edmond is not restored in blood; And the Vicount Mountgarret thinks, that he ought to be Earle of Ormond, for many reasons vvhich he pretends. This controver∣sie could not but breed great danger to the Countesse, and her daugh∣ter, for that either of those vvould bee glad to possesse themselues in the Earles houses, and the doubt vvho is to succeede him, breeds un∣setled humors in the Gentlemen of the countrey, that bee follovvers to the Earle, every one addicting himselfe to the partie they affect, vvhereby there is a generall distraction vvhich vvould haue broken out into a dangerous Rebellion, if the Forces and vve had not beene heere to keepe them in awe: Besides we did not neglect to send for all the Lords and Gentlemen in the countrie (that are of the best quality) and haue temporized with them; So as we hope, the dan∣gers which were like to ensue, will be for a time well appeased: Also understanding that Balliragget a house of the Lord Mountgarets, in the which there is a Warde for the Queene, kept as a Pledge for his loialty, that the same was attempted to be wonne by the Vicecounts sonnes, who are in rebellion; And immediately upon the Earles ta∣king, lay before it, in hope to starue the Souldiers, (for their last daies victuals was spent) I the President did take up in Kilkenny, upon my credit victuals, and with a strong convoy of Horse and Foote, haue revictualled it, for sixe weekes, whereof the Lord Deputy is adverti∣sed, praying him to be carefull, before that victuall be spent; And be∣cause that all things might be continued in good order; We thought good to remaine in Kilkenny, untill the Lord Deputy should deter∣mine of some course, so to hold it for her Maiesties benefit, the coun∣tries good, and the Countesse and her daughters safetie; wherein we were enforced to make large disbursements, of our small stores, for dieting in that time of the horse and foote Troopes, whereof I the Earle, defrayed the charges of my owne Company of two hun∣dred Foote, and I the President of all the rest, during our abode there, which was eight dayes. In this meane time wee understan∣ding that Mountgarrets sonnes, (which are in rebellion) did come to spoile the countrie neere to Kilkenny; We sent out some part of our Troopes, who lighted upon some of their men; And amongst them which they slew, there was one of the Butlers, a neere kinsman to Mountgarret and a Leader slaine, and the Traitors driven to their Woods, being enforced to leaue their enterprize.

The sixteenth of this present, Sir George Bourchier, and Sir Christo∣pher S^t Lawrence, sent from the Lord Deputie, came to Kilkenny, Sir George for chiefe Commander of her Majesties Forces there, and to

take charge of the Countesse, her Daughter, and the Earles Houses, and Sir Christopher to bee directed by him. The Forces there left is two hundred Foote of the Earles, other two hundred Foote of Sir Christophers, thirtie Foot left in a ward in Mountgarretts house, cal∣led Balliraggett, eightie fiue Horse, (whereof fiftie of the Earles, fiue and twentie of St Lawrences) and tenne of Sir George Bourchiers. Since the Earles taking, wee kept the Rebells from doing any hurt in the Countrey, neither as yet is there any in rebellion in the same, but Mountgarrets sonnes, whose force is not such, but in our opinions, (without they call strangers to assist them) her Majesties Forces there is much too strong for them. The seventeenth wee left Kilkenny, and came to this Cittie, leaving Sir George Bourcheir as aforesaid. This accident hath withheld mee the President from my peculiar charge, more then I purposed, but therein I hope your Lordships will hold mee excused, being other wayes so necessarily imployed in these causes of so great importance; whereof I humbly beseech your Lordshipps, in your wisedomes to haue due consideration. To morrow wee proceed in our Iourney towards Corke, from whence, (with the rest of the Councell there) wee will advertize your Lordships, in what estate wee finde the Province, not being a∣ble heere to certifie your Honours so particularly as then wee may. So wee humbly take our leaues: From Waterford, the eighteenth of Aprill,* 7.5 1600. Strange it was to consider how much this mis∣fortune distracted the minds of sundrie that before were inclined to subjection, and greatly animated the Traitors to persevere in their wicked enterprises, which might evidently be seene in Pierce Lacy, a wise and malicious Traytor, who being but few dayes before up∣on the Earles protection, promising great loyaltie and much service, did presently relapse, and became a more dangerous Rebell then at any time before. But now leaving farther discourse of former oc∣currents, we will betake our selues wholly to prosecute the relation of such things as happened in Mounster, after the Lord President came to Waterford, which was the sixteenth of Aprill; For the pro∣secution of the Service in which Province, by order out of England, the List, as aforesayd for Mounster, was established to be three thou∣sand Foot, and two hundred and fiftie Horse. After his repaire thi∣ther, Intelligence came unto him, that the Titularie Earle of Des∣mond with the greatest part of his Forces was remaining not farre from Yoghall, about Drum••inin, with intent to giue impediment unto him,* 7.6 and such Companies as hee had with him. Thomas fits Iames, Bastard sonne of Sir Iames fits Gerrald, late Lord of the Decies, and Thomas Power, the Lord Powers Cosen Ierman, the chiefe Rebels in the Countie of Waterford, receiving advertisement that the Pre∣sident

was in Waterford, fearing peradventure lest some draught might bee drawen upon them; and that themselues or followers might receiue some great prejudice by meanes of the Presidents For∣ces, made great instance by the Lord Power, and Sir Nicholas Welsh, to be received into her Majesties protection, promising and prote∣sting not onely that they would reclaime themselues, and their fol∣lowers from committing any outrage against her Majesties Sub∣jects; but further, that they would indeavour to recompense and requite their former defaults by some acceptable service. The Lord President considering, that the receiving of them and their Depen∣dants into protection, would bee a meanes both to weaken the Traitour Desmond of some part of his strength, and to secure and open the passage betwixt Waterford and Yoghall, which before was so kept, especially by them, that there was no way to send but by Sea: Vpon the best assurance that could bee gotten for their future loyalties, accepted their submissions, and graunted protection both to themselues and their followers, since which time they haue been good and loyall Subjects.

CHAP. IV.

The encounter of her Majesties Forces with Florence Mac Carty. The prey of the Brough taken. The state of the Province of Mounster, when the Lora President came into it. The Lord Barry preyed. Redmond Burke defeated by Odwyre. Odwyres Countrey harrassed by Redmond Burke.

THE twentieth of Aprill* 7.7 the Lord President accompa∣nied with the Earle of Thomond, the Lord Aud••••y, the Lo: Power, the Lord of the Decies, Sir Nicholas Welsh, Sir Anthonie Cooke, Sir Richard Masterson, Captaine Roger Harvie, Captaine William Taffe, Captaine Richard Greame, Captaine Fleming, Captaine Gifford, Captaine Dillon, Cap∣taine Oreilly, and divers other private Gentlemen, with eight hundred Foot, and one hundred Horse, came that night to Dongarvan, where hee found Sir George Cary the Treasurer his Company, which the next morning hee tooke along with him to Yoghall.* 7.8 The two and twentieth hee received advertisement of an incounter betweene Captaine Flower, Serjeant Major of that Province, and Florence Mac Carty, the performance whereof was as followeth.

Florence Mac Carty notwithstanding the infinite favours and bounties which hee had received from her Maiestie,* 7.9 being wholly Spaniolized, had possessed the minds of those in Carbry & Desmond

with a strange opinion of his worthinesse, and having combined with Tyrone and the other Rebels at his late being in Mounster did shew himselfe in open action against her Maiestie. Whereupon the Commissioners Sir Warham Saint Leger, and Sir Henry Power sent Captaine Flower and Captaine Bostocke into Carbery with twelue hundred foote and one hundred horse (which Flower commanded in chiefe) to make prosecution against the Rebels of those parts, in their way towards Rosse, they burned and spoiled the Countrie as they passed, they got the heads of thirty seven notorious rebels, be∣sides others of lesse note: Florence gathered together of the Provin∣cials and Bownoghs (for so they call their waged men) to the num∣ber of two thousand or thereabouts, Dermond Oconner, as Generall, (for so they termed him) of the Bownoghs; These being gathered to a head, attended their opportunity to giue some blow to our For∣ces, yet never did encounter them, untill they were in their returne within fiue Miles of Corke. In the mid way betwixt that Citie and Kinsale, there is a foord & a bridge, over the river called Awneboy. Here the rebels lay close in an ambush on the North side of the ri∣ver, in a glynn between two hils, and also on the South side, in a scrub∣bie Wood neere the river: The Companies comming on, not think∣ing there to expect an Enemy, marched scarce orderly, and but a few maches burning, Captaine Iohn Bostocke, riding a good pretty di∣stance before them, and past the bridge, espied the Morians of some of the suncke ambush in the Glinn, presently retiring backe gaue notice of the Enemy, and willed them to prepare themselues. The rebels finding that they were discovered, presently rose, and charged our men before they were well ordered; Captaine Flower the Commander finding himselfe opprest with numbers, drew to the wals of an old ruinous Castle to the Eastward, neere halfe a mile distant for his safety, in which retrait, they being upon the point of routing, were charged home both with Horse and Foote. Flower to prevent the danger, directed Lieuetenant Lane, officer to Sir Iohn Barkley, to lie in ambush under an old ditch, with a squadron of Musketiers; Carbry Oconner brother to Dermond aforesaid, came on with his Company, following the execution of some of our men, untill hee fell into the ambush, where hearing a volley of shot deli∣vered upon them, Carbry with other Gentlemen were slaine; At which accident the rebels being amazed, the Horse tooke the oppor∣tunity, and chardged them with such resolution, as instantly they rowted, and our men fell upon the execution of them: In which Charge I cannot but particularly commend Robert Tent, Sir Anthony Cooks Cornet, who did behaue himselfe with extraordinary valour: besides Carbry Oconner, ninetie eight were slaine in the place, and

neere that number hurt, whereof divers afterwards died: On our part, none of note hurt, but Greame, brother to Captaine Richard Greame, and eight Souldiers: Captaine Flower, (who did that day admirably well) had two Horses slaine under him, and received sun∣drie wounds, both with sword and pike, and it was his fortune to encounter with Dermond O Conner, at whom hee discharged his Pi∣stoll, which lighted upon his Targett, whereby he received no hurt. That night they marched into Kinelmekagh, and encamped beyond the Bridge of Balline Coursie, where they stayed with their hurt men two nights; the third day in the evening they dispersed their Companies to those Countries where they had Bonaught.

The same day Captaine Francis Slingsby, Commaunder of the Lord Presidents Foot Companie, and garrison at Kilmallock, where there was the Lord Presidents two hundred Foot, Captaine Clares one hundred and fiftie, twentie fiue of Sir Anthony Cooke his Troope, and twelue of Sir George Thorntons Horse, drew foorth in the night, part of that garrison, to take the prey of the Brough, a Castle of Pierce Lacies, but three miles from Kilmallocke, to expect the com∣ming foorth of the prey to grase,* 7.10 which accordingly, about an hower after day light came foorth, and they tooke it: Then presently the crie being raised, three hundred Foot, and fiftie Horse led by Pierce Lacie, skirmished with them for the space of sixe howers; but see∣ing they could not prevaile, they gaue over the pursuite: There was slaine of our men, but one Horseman of Sir George Thorntons Troope, and foure or fiue of the Lord Presidents Foote hurt; their losses were more, whereof Con Oneale, Tyrones base sonne was hurt.

The three and twentieth at night the Lord President lodged at Barriscourt,* 7.11 the Lord Barries house, and the foure and twentieth he came to Corke, upon the way being mett by Sir Henry Power, the Commissioner of the Province, and the Captaines that there were garrisoned. The first thing that the President intended (after hee was come to Corke) was throughly to understand the state of the Province, as then it stood; the greatest part whereof, although it was knowen to him before, yet hee calling the Councell of that Province together, desired to bee certified by them in the particulars thereof, to the intent that hee might addresse his actions accordingly, Sir Henrie Power being sole Commissioner (since the death of Sir Warham S^t Leger) reported the same much after this manner.

I know not how more fitly to describe unto your Honour the estate of this Province,* 7.12 then by comparing the same to a man that is diseased of a languishing, and almost incurable sicknesse, the Head so sore, and the Heart so sicke, that every member refuseth his

naturall Office, in so much that I dare boldly affirme, that since the Conquest of Ireland, this Province of Mounster was never more distempered then now it is, for all the inhabitans of the countrey, are in open and actuall rebellion, except some few of the better sort; who though themselues in their owne persons attend the state, yet all their Tenants, Friends, and Followers, yea and for the most part, either their Sonnes or Brothers, publikely professed in the devilish action; as for example, the Lord of Cahir, Cormocke Mac Dermond Lord of Muskry, Gerald Fits Iames Lord of the Decies, Mac Carty Keugh; The computation and number of the rebels, how many they are, especially of the Province, by reason that they are dispersed in so many severall countries, and commanded by so many heads, we can giue no certaine iudgement, but for strangers (meaning Con∣naght men that receiue bonnaght amongst them) we are certainely advertised from divers, that are well acquainted with their affaires, that they are in List fiue thousand men, which strength added to the Rebells of the Province, doeth make them absolutely Masters of the field, and her Majesties Forces heere garrisoned in Cities and wal∣led Townes for their safetie, (by reason of their weaknesse before your comming) were in condition little better then besieged. Fur∣thermore, all this might seeme more tollerable, if the Cities and wal∣led Townes were (in these times of extremitie) a safe and well assu∣red retreat for them: but all of them are so besotted and bewitched with the Popish Priestes, Iesuites, and Seminaries, that for feare of their Cursings and Excommunications, they are ready upon everie small occasion, to rise in Armes against them, and minister all under∣hand, ayde and succour unto the Rebells: so that considering the ge∣neralitie of the Inhabitants that are in open rebellion, the infidelitie of those that pretend subjection, the multitude of Connaght men that defend the Action, and the little confidence that may be reposed in Cities, (by reason of their contrary religion) wee may very well conclude, that the estate of this Province is like a man sicke of a most dangerous and desperate disease.

The Lord President having heard by his former advertisements concerning the same matter, thus confirmed; He told the Councell that hee much doubted of any good successe that could suddenly bee expected, and the rather because his Forces were farre inferior to the rebels, being in list but three thousand Foote and two hundred and fiftie Horse: Yet remembring the old Proverbe, that Ardua virtutis est via, and relying upon the iustnesse of the Warre, more then upon the number of his Forces, resolved to try the uttermost of his witt and cunning, without committing the matter to the hazard of for∣tune, to quench the fire that now raged with such extreeme fury.

The same day Iohn Fits Thomas accompanied with one hundred Kerne,* 7.13 or thereabouts, came into the Lord Barry his countrie, neere Castell Lyons, and there tooke from him and his Tenants a prey of three hundred Cowes and ten Horses.

The morrow following being the twentie sixth,* 7.14 intelligence was brought from Cormocke Oge Carty called by the English Charles Carty, Sonne to Sir Cormocke Mac Teg, that the Arch-traitor Tyrone had sent Letters to Florence Mac Carty, to encourage both him and his adhe∣rents to persist in the action: Assuring them that within one moneth, namely in May next, hee would bee with them againe in Mounster, and for that Iourney, his Munition, Victuals, &c. were already prepared.

The twnety seventh (as Dermond Odwire informed the President by his Letters) Redmond Burke with six hundred men entred into his countrie to burne and prey the same,* 7.15 which to effect, he divided his Forces into three sundry parts: Odwire having assembled as many men as that short warning would permit, fell upon one of the Divisi∣ons afore mentioned, which consisted of two hundred Foot, of them he slew one hundred and twenty, and many hurt: In revenge wher∣of Redmond Burke upon the sixth of May following, having gotten as many men as hee could assemble,* 7.16 entred the second time into the aforesaid countrie, where he slew Man, Woman, and Child, burnt all the houses, (Castles excepted) and droue away all the Cattle of the countrie.

CHAP. V.

Loghguyre preyed. The submission of Barrett and Condon. The submission of Florence Mac Cartie. Florence Mac Cartie's demaunds. The submission of Nugent. The Broughe burnt by Pierce Lacie. Redmond Burke departed out of Cownologhe. Tenne of the Bonoughs slaine by Sir Richard Percy. A Letter from Iames Fits Thomas to Florence Mac Cartie. The Army set out from Corke toward Limericke. The submission of the white Knight.

THE twentie ninth,* 7.17 Captaine Francis Slingsby drew forth one hundred and fiftie Foot, and twenty Horse, of the Garrizon of Kilmallocke (in the night) to take the prey of Loghguire,* 7.18 fiue miles distant from his Garrizon, a place which much anoyed the passage be∣tweene Kilmallocke and Limericke; in the morning when the Cattle were put forth to grase, hee tooke it: the Warde to recover it sallied, but after a short skirmish, being hopelesse to doe any good, with some losse returned.

About this time also the Lord president began to giue forth spee∣ches of a Iourney, that he speedily intended towards Limricke, with a purpose to burne and spoile all the Rebels Houses and Corne, and to take the prey of the countrie neere adioyning, through which his Armie should passe, whether it were the bruite of this Iournie, or the hard measure that hee had lately received at the hands of the Arch-traitors, Tyrone and Desmond, the white Knight (whose coun∣trie lay neere to the way as the Armie should march) sought by the meanes of Sir George Thornton, to bee received into protection, pro∣mising to repaire and recover the credit hee had lost, by his lewd and disloyall courses, which afterwards he performed accordingly as shall be shewed in its due place.

About this time also William Barrett of Ballencolly,* 7.19 and Mac Mawghe Condon, both chiefe of small Countreyes, submitted them∣selues to her Majesties mercie. But the principall marke which the Lord President aymed at, before his entrance into the Field with his Armie, was to reclaime (if possible it might be) Florence Mac Cartie (before spoken of) from further pursuing those hatefull and ingrate∣full courses, which unadvisedly he had entred into. This hee desi∣red for divers reasons: First and especially for the service, which he foresaw might receiue some good countenance by his subjection. Secondly, because (if hee continued in action) of necessitie hee must bee constrained to imploy a great part of his Forces (which hee thought both inconvenient and dangerous to bee divided) to follow the prosecution of him and his Complices; And lastly, a good opi∣nion which some his honourable friends in England, and himselfe also had conceived of him: For these causes, was the President mo∣ved earnestly to desire, that this Florence might bee stayed from fur∣ther persisting in those exorbitant courses, and the rather, because the said Florence had written Letters unto him, which upon his way in∣to Mounster hee received, that assoone as hee should come to Corke, hee would present himselfe personally to him, aud doe all his en∣deavours to advance the Service. All which being made knowen by the Lord President to the Earle of Thomond, he intreated the said Earle, and Sir Nicholas Welsh, to joyne with Iohn fits Edmonds, Flo∣rence his Godfather, (a man very famous in those parts, for his lear∣ning and liberall hospitalitie in entertaining of strangers) to send a Messenger, to signifie to Florence Mac Cartie, that they were very desirous to conferre with him, about certaine particularities concer∣ning his owne good. By his Letter remised in answer of this mes∣sage, hee appoynted both a time and place for their meeting, which was accordingly performed. After more then two houres spent, and many Oathes passed, as well by the Earle as Sir Nicholas Welsh,

that the President had promised his safe returne; with fearefull guil∣tinesse hee came to Corke, and from thence to Shandon Castle, upon the third of May, 1600,* 7.20 where the Lord President remained at that time, before whom when hee had presented himselfe, hee made his submission upon his knees, with many protestations of the sin∣ceritie of his Heart, and the true loyaltie, which hee alwayes bare towards her Majestie, desiring that hee might bee received into her Majesties favour, and hee would serue her as faithfully and unfai∣nedly, as any man in Mounster. The Lord President reprooved him very sharply, for his trayterous behaviours, laying before him the odiousnesse and foulnesse of his faults, and the monstrous ingra∣titude towards her Majestie, from whom hee had received many great benefits, and gracious favours: These speeches finished, the President bade him to stand up; when as both hee, and the Earle of Thomond, Sir Nicholas Welsh, and Iohn fits Edmund, did every of them very feelingly preach Obedience unto him: His answer being very generall, carried great shew of loyaltie and obedience at that time. Vpon the next morrow hee was called before the President and Councell, who was againe urged (by them all in generall) not one∣ly to desist from proceeding in evill, but with alacritie of minde to doe some such service, as might merit reward; for assurance and performance whereof, the President demaunded his eldest sonne in pledge: for the avoydance whereof hee used many colourable rea∣sons, viz. That it would cause the Bonnoghs to forsake him, yea, and to driue him out of his Countrey, erecting his wiues base Brother in his place; That he had of long time tasted of miseries and wants; That hee had lately recovered his Countrey of Desmond with great travell and charges, and therefore like the burnt child, hee feared to run into any such inconvenience, as might cause his friends to relapse from him. Adding moreover, that it was needlesse in them to exact any such thing at hishands, who was in his soule wholly addicted & devoted to her Majesties service. The weaknesse of these reasons were both wisely discovered, and effectually answered: but all that could bee said, was no more pleasing to him, then is delightfull mu∣sicke to deafe eares; which being discerned, the President betooke himselfe to a new devise: for now hee vehemently threatned, (that leaving for a time all other services) a sharpe prosecution of Hostili∣tie, with fire and sword against himselfe, his tenants and followers, should speedily overtake him, upon his returne into Desmond. Much was hee amazed with this denunciation, and therefore hauing made a short pawse, answered thus: Since my needlesse pledge is so earnestly desired,* 7.21 I am content to leaue my eldest sonne in Corke up∣on these conditions: That her Majestie would passe unto mee the

Countrey of Desmond, in as large and ample manner, as before it was conveyed unto my Father in law the Earle of Clancare. Second∣ly, that shee would giue unto mee the Name and Title of Mac Car∣tie More, or Earle of Clancare. Thirdly, that shee would giue unto mee three hundred men in pay, for assuring my Countrey from all that would offend it. These hyperbolicall demands, were no soo∣ner propounded, but absolutely rejected: Therefore he desired that Licence might bee graunted unto him, to write to his honourable friends in England, to worke for him the afore recited Conditions, which without any great difficultie was permitted. Lastly, the President questioned with him what hee intended to doe, if these his desires were not satisfied; thereupon hee sware upon a Booke, that hee would never beare Armes against her Majesties Forces, (ex∣cept hee were assaulted in Desmond) and that his followers should likewise abstaine from actuall rebellion; and further, that he would send him intelligence from time to time, of the Rebells proceedings, and doe him the best underhand-service that possibly hee could. Now had the President effected a great part of his desires, namely, that by Florence his remaining in Neutralitie, his Forces might be whol∣ly imployed against Iames fits Thomas, who being once slaine or ba∣nished, it would bee an easie matter to teach him to speake in a more submissiue language, and forget to capitulate either for Lands, Title, or Charge. Florence is now departed towards his Countrey of Des∣mond, where leaving him in suspence, betwixt doubt and feare, wee will proceed in the accidents of Corke.

Now the President discerning this Warre in Mounster to be like a Monster with many Heads, or a Servant that must obey divers Masters, did thinke thus; that if the Heads themselues might bee set at variance, they would proue the most fit Instruments to ruine one another: The two chiefe Heads were the Sugan Earle (for so they called Desmond) Commander of the Provincials, and Dermond O Con∣ner Generall of the Bownoghs before mentioned. This Dermond O Conner was a poore man in the beginning of his fortune, and not Owner of two Plough Lands, in Connaght his natiue Countrie; his reputation grew partly by his wife, who was daughter to the old Earle of Desmond, and partly by his valour, being reputed one of the most valiant Leaders, and best Commanders amongst the Irish rebels. By meanes whereof he had now the command of foure∣teene hundred men in his owne Bonaght, and besides that, might strike a great stroke with the other, being by Tyrone at his departure out of Mounster, ordained chiefe Commander of them all. This man did the President make choise to deale withall, for these rea∣sons: First because hee knew that the said Dermond being a meere

Mercenary, and serving in Mounster onely for pay, might be induced by large Summes of monie, to serue the Queene aswell as the rebels: Secondly, hee had a very fit Instrument, whereby the more easily to worke him to his will, namely his Wife, who being brought up some part of her time amongst the English, had not only learned the language, but stood reasonably well affected to the English governe∣ment, and likely it was that shee would use all her industry, to ad∣vance the service, in hope that if it succeeded well, it would proue a good step or Ladder, to procure the liberty of her Brother Iames Fits Gerald, Sonne and Heire to Gerald Earle of Desmond slaine (now Prisoner in the Tower) and to raise his fortunes. Lastly it was pub∣likely knowen that the Sugan Earle, would never doe service upon the Bownoghs, except he might haue both the title and possessions of the Earle of Desmond confirmed unto him, which her Maiestie would never condiscend unto. Vpon these grounds in very secret manner, hee provided and sent a fit agent, to sound the inclination of the Lady Margaret, for so was Dermonds Wife named; and finding her fit to bee wrought upon, the Conditions should be propounded, viz. That if her husband would take Desmond Prisoner, and deli∣ver him into the hands of the President, he should incontinently re∣ceiue one thousand pound sterling; and that he should haue a Com∣pany of men in pay from the Queene, and other conditions of satis∣faction, to her selfe and her Brother: The Messenger was ••o sooner sent about these important affaires, but that another occasion offered it selfe unto the President, of no lesse moment then the former, to aduance the service: for immediately hereupon, one Iohn Nugent sometimes servant to Sir Thomas Norris, late President of Mounster, pretending some wrongs and iniuries to be offered unto him by the State, ioyned with the Rebels, and became (to his power) the most malitious and bloody Traitor in all these parts. At last having as it should seeme spit his poyson, and spent his Venome, sought to Sir Warham Saint Leger, and Sir Henry Power, the Commissioners, to be received into protection; who more for feare of the hurt that hee might doe, then hope of the good that hee would doe, granted the same, untill the Lord Presidents pleasure (who was now ready to depart from Dublin towards Mounster) were further knowen. At this time therefore Nugent came to make his submission to the Presi∣dent,* 7.22 and to desire pardon for his faults committed: Answer was made, that for so much as his crimes and offences had beene extra∣ordinary, hee could not hope to bee reconciled unto the State, except hee would deserue it by extraordinary service, which saith the Presi∣dent, if you shall performe, you may deserue not onely Pardon for your faults committed heretofore, but also some store of Crownes

to releeue your wants hereafter; Hee presently promised, not to bee wanting in any thing that lay in the power of one man to accom∣plish, and in private made offer to the President, that if he might bee well recompenced, hee would ruine within a short space, either the Sugan Earle, or Iohn Fits Thomas his Brother. And indeed very likely hee was both to attempt and performe as much as he spake. To at∣tempt because hee was so valiant and daring, as that he did not feare any thing; and to execute, because by reason of his many outrages be∣fore committed, the chiefe Rebels did repose great confidence in him. The President having contrived a plot for Iames Fits Thomas (as is be∣fore shewed) gaue him in charge to undertake Iohn his Brother: But because the matter might be caried without any suspition, upon the next morrow, the Councell being set, and a great concourse of peo∣ple assembled, Nugent renueth his suite for the continuance of his protection. But the President rehearsing in publike audience, a Ca∣talogue of his mischievous outrages lately committed, told the Councell, that having farther enquired, and better considered of Man and Matter, for his part hee thought it an action of very ill ex∣ample to receiue unto mercy such a notorious Malefactor: the Coun∣cell were all of the same opinion, who reviling him with many bi∣ting and bitter speeches, and assuring him, that if it were not for a religious regard, that was holden of the Queenes word, hee should pay a deare price for his former misdemeanor, and so with publike disgrace, was he dismissed their presence. The promised submission of the white Knight, the jealousie which the rebels conceived of Florence Mac Carty by his comming to the President, and the Presi∣dents Iourney being now blazed through the Province, it caused Pierce La∣cy,* 7.23 who all the time of the Warres (untill now) had kept a ward in the Castle of the Brough three miles from Kilmallocke, de∣spayring to hold the same against her Majesties Forces; And know∣ing it was a convenient place for a Garrison, pluckt downe some part of the Castle, burnt the rest, and by the light thereof, ran into the Woods: Redmond Burke* 7.24 also with fiue hundred Bonoghs about this time, which was in the beginning of May, withdrew out of Con∣nillogh, and kept himselfe for a little time about the borders of Own∣hy, where being pressed with want of Victuals, he intended to leaue the Province. The Sugan Earle, Pierce Lacy and some other hea∣ring of this sudden departure, dispatched Messengers unto him, with earnest entreaties, and large promises, for increasing his Bonnoght, if hee would returne, but to no purpose. The cause of this his unex∣pected departure was a trafficke betweene him and the President, who did uphold him in certaine faint hopes, about the obtaining of the Barronie of Lettrim, which he claimed as his inheritance: For

this is most true, that not long before this time, one Richard Burke Vncle to the said Redmond, wrote unto the President, that his Ne∣phew would be very glad of his Lordships favour, & that he would withdraw both himselfe and his Bownoghs out of Mounster, so that hee would not send any Forces to molest him in Connaght. Whereunto was answered, that it became nor a Governour, no not a private Subject to make any such agreement with a man in his con∣dition: And farther that hee might assure himselfe, that by strong hand he could never invest himselfe in the Barrony of Lettrim, nor be in secure possession of his Fathers Lands: But if he would reclaime himselfe and doe service to her Majestie, the President would use the best friends that hee had, either in England or Ireland, that his cause might bee respected with all favour according to the equity thereof.

Not long after the receit of this Letter, hee left the Countie of Li∣mericke, severed himselfe from the Mounster Rebells, and setled in Ormond, and Tirrell stayed not long behinde, inwardly doubting some practise upon himselfe, but publikely pretending the cause of his departure, for a mislike betweene him and Dermond O Conner. The President had given foorth, ever since his first comming to Corke, that his Armie should bee on foot in the way to Limerick, by the sixth of May; his intention not being to rise untill the twen∣tieth: the bruit thereof caused the Rebells greatest strength to as∣semble together, who by the day assigned, had united their Forces in the great Wood called Kilmore, betweene Moyallo, and Kilmal∣lock, neere the place of Ballihawre, through the which the Armie was to march. There they continued the space of tenne dayes, at∣tending continually, and hearkening daily for the Presidents com∣ming: but finding that hee stirred not in all this time, (imagining that he durst not take the field at all) they dispersed their Companies, and departed every one into his owne Countrey. Heereupon some thought, that the President had altered his determination for going to Limerick, and intended to begin the prosecution in some other place: others supposed, that hee would not venture out of Corke, untill hee had received new Supplies, which were daily expected out of England: But both the one and other were besides the marke; for by this stay, (which from the beginning he determined) hee saw divers commodious opportunities might accrue unto him, as that heereby hee should receiue certaine advertisement of the strength of the enemy that was to confront him, and also that it was impossible for them (any long time) to hold together, for divers wants which of necessitie must accompany such an undisciplined and disordered multitude, by meanes whereof they would bee con∣strained to breake with their owne weight; wherein he nothing fai∣led

of his expectation; for within a few dayes following, they were all divided into so many places, and those so farre distant, that they could not speedily be reassembled.

Vpon the sixteenth of May,* 7.25 the President was advertised by Sir Richard Percie,* 7.26 who was Governour at 〈◊〉〈◊〉, that by his Horse∣men in Kinalmekagh, whom he had sent to forrage that Country, ten of the Bownoghs were slaine, and a farre greater slaughter had beene made of them, if Florence Mac Cartie had not had some intelligence out of Kinsale of his intention, who gaue the Bow∣noghs warning of their comming, whereupon they fled, and dis∣persed themselues.

Vpon the seventeenth of May,* 7.27 Iames fits Thomas, the usurping Earle of Desmond, wrote a Letter to Florence Mac Cartie, praying the ayde of his Forces, the Copie whereof is here inserted.

A Letter from Iames fits Thomas to Florence Mac Cartie.

AFter my very heartie Commendations; Having received Intel∣gence of your happie escape out of Corke, it was very joyfull to mee, and many other your Cosens and adherents heere; the fruit of your conference with the President, and the rest, I hope shall pur∣chase ripe experience, and harvest of further knowledge, to cut off the cruell yoke of bloody enemies, who daily studie to worke our perpetuall destruction and exile: I am given to understand that they pretend a journey towards the Countie of Limerick, I am gathering the best force and rising out of these parts, to resist their wicked de∣sires: Redmond Burke is bordering on the Confines of Ormond, expecting to heare from me, if occasion of important service should require, I haue the other day received his Letters signifying his con∣stant service to be ready whensoever I shall send to him, what news you haue with your best advice in all causes tending to our generall Service, I expect to heare, and if the President doe rise out (as it is thought) I pray you good Cosen slacke not time, with your best Force & Provision of victuals to prosecute him freshly in the Reare∣ward, as you respect me, the exaltation of the Catholike faith, and the ease of our countrey: I looke no excuse at your hands, which I pray to lay apart, wherein you shall further the service, and bind me with all my Forces to second you at your need. I haue retained Der∣mond Oconner in Kerry two hundred Souldiers this quarter, besides the Clanshihies and other Bonoghs with the rising out of my coun∣try, so as I think I shall make up sixteen or seventeene hundred strong, well appointed, together with the Force of Redmond Burke: Thus for

lacke of farther Novelties, I commit you to the blessed guiding of God. From Crome the seventeenth of May 1600.

I am credibly informed that fiue Spanish ships are landed in the North with Treasure, Munition, and great Ordinance, with a com∣petent number of three thousand Souldiers Pioners, and religious persons; I expect every day advertisement in writing, and the com∣ming up of Captaine Terrell with the Munition sent me by Oneyle. I appointed your Cosen Maurice Oge Fits Maurice Gerald to haue the charge of Kierrycorrie, I pray you afford him your lawfull favour.

Your most assured Cosen Iames Desmond.

The same day Captaine Gawen Harvy, who then had in her Maje∣sties pay a man of Warre, wherein for the payment of the Armie there was three thousand pound in monie, Munition, Victuals, and Souldiers apparrell, set saile with direction for the River of Shenan, to meete the Lord President at Limericke.

The President the twentie one of May left Corke,* 8.1 and with his Armie incamped that night within three miles of Moyallo.

The twentie two they lodged within fiue miles of Kilmallocke, the twentie three the Armie came within a mile of Kilmallocke, where the white Knight according to his former promises made his humble submission unto the President,* 8.2 whereby the Faggot began to unloose which combined the Rebellion in Mounster, but let us a little looke backeward.

CHAP. VI.

Cahir Castle surprized by Iames Galdie Butler. A letter from Iames Galdie Butler to the Lord President. The rendring of the Castle of Loghguyrre. Nugents attempt upon Iohn fits Thomas▪ ••lanwilliam sp••yled and burnt by the Armie.

THe President being at Yoghall in his journey to Corke,* 8.3 sent Sir Iohn Dow••all, (an ancient Captaine in Ireland) to Cahir Castle, as well to see the same provided of a sufficient Ward out of Captaine George Blunts Compa∣nie, as to take order for the furnishing of them with Victuall, Munition, and other warlike Provision, there hee left the eighth or ninth of May a Sergeant with nine and twenty Souldiers and all necessary Provision for two moneths, who notwithstanding, upon the three and twentieth of the same were surprized by Iames

Galdie alias Butler, brother to the Lord of Cahir, and as it was sus∣pected by many pregnant presumptions, not without the consent and working of the Lord himselfe, which in after times proved to be true. The carelesse securitie of the Warders, together with the treachery of an Irish-man, who was placed sentinell upon the top of the Castle, were the causes of this Surprize.

Iames Galdie had no more in his Companie then sixty men, and comming to the Wall of the Bawne of the Castle undiscovered by the helpe of Ladders, and some Masons that brake holes in some part of the Wall where it was weake, got in and entered the Hall, before they were perceived, the Sergeant named Thomas Quayle, which had the charge of the Castle, made some little resistance, and was wounded: Three of the Warde were slaine, the rest upon pro∣mise of their liues rendered their Armes, and were sent to Clonmell. Of this Surprize the Lord President had notice when he was at Kil∣mallocke, whereupon hee sent direction for their imprisonment in Clonmell, untill hee might haue leasure to try the delinquents by a Marshals Court. Vpon the fourth day following Iames Butler who tooke the Castle wrote a large Letter to the President, to excuse him∣selfe of his traitorly Act, wherein there was not so many lines as lyes, and written by the underhand working of the Lord of Cahir his Brother, they conceiving it to bee the next way to haue the Castle re∣stored to the Baron: The copie of which Letter here ensueth.

A Letter from Iames Galdie Butler to the Lord President.

RIght Honourable, hither came unto me yesterday my Lord my Brother, accompanied with M^r. Patricke White, and Nicholas White of Clonmell Gent. and M. Geonge Lea of Waterford, who trea∣ted with me (as they said) by your Honors Commission, what might be the causes why I should attempt the surprising of the castle of Ca∣hir, being kept as a garrison for her Majestie. And albeit my good Lo: I may not, nor will not justifie what hath been done therein; yet will I signifie the truth, (the which graciously being 〈…〉〈…〉 mercie) I doubt not to excuse whatsoever hath beene 〈◊〉〈◊〉. And therefore my Lord, first your Lordship shall vnde•• 〈…〉〈…〉 where heretofore by youthfull instigation, and as I must 〈…〉〈…〉 together without the privitie of my Lord my Brother aforesaid, I kept the said Castle, untill the same was besieged by her Majesties Forces, and battery layd thereunto; the which I made choise rather to forsake, then stand to the defence thereof; which action my good Lord, was so much raised to my contempt, with the mouthes of her

[illustration]

Highnesse enemies, (whom I then of force obeyed) as they imagi∣ned nothing else would raise credit, but the gaining thereof againe. The next that mooved mee to enterprise the same, was, that publike report was made in the name of the Archbishop of Cassell, (who is well knowen to bee a professed enemy of my House) to haue the keeping of the said Castle. Thirdly, that it was also reported, that the Souldiers of late left in garrison therein, purposed for want to sell the same for a piece of money, unto Iohn of Desmond, whom the Countrey knoweth not to bee my friend, for the late killing of ma∣ny of his men, for which service, my Lord of Dunboyne had only the thankes, being no more assistant thereunto then your Lordship: and last my good Lord, when I considered the apparant wrongs (as I thought) proffered unto both my Brethren, that your Honour and the State would countenance their knowen and vowed Enemies against them, and to make their griefes the more corrosiue to bestow upon them, the chiefe and dwelling Castle, of the one of them being Cnocknamma to my Lo: of Dunboyne, which makes my poore bro∣ther to goe in a manner a begging, and my Eldest Brothers Castle of Dorenlare upon Richard Power. These being the principall causes that moveth this my desperate attempt, I pray may be construed, as if your Lordship or any other Gentleman were in my case, and doe also request, that your Honour, and all others, doe suspend to condemne me, of my Disloyaltie in mind, howsoever my youthfull actions doe deserue; And that by example the same may the better appeare, con∣sider that having wonne the Castle aforesaid, that unlesse it be such as by mischance were slaine, I suffered not the blood of any other, nor any part of their apparell to bee spilt, or taken, but send them con∣ducted to the next incorporate Towne; And for her Majesties Or∣dinance, that here hath beene left, I could wish your Lordship had them, only that I know, they must be removed by the force of many men, the which I dare not adventure to trust (as now I stand▪) But let your Honor be well assured, they shall be as safely kept as former∣ly they were, for her Majestie; Vnlesse your Honour or the State doe driue me to doe that I shall be unwilling. Forasmuch therefore my good Lord, as not only these, but many else the causes of the rebelli∣on of this Province, haue hitherto and are well knowen, to bee for want of considerate Iustice, and clemencie of your Predecessors, Go∣vernors, sheweth liberally the benefit of her Majesties Proclamati∣ons, and gratious authoritie given you; And let the first example thereof be, to withdraw the Castles of Darenlare and Cnocknamma aforesaid, from the possession of such, as the world doe know, of pretended malice, to haue sought them, and to be bestowed, where∣soever your Lordship doe thinke fit in Iustice they shall bee given:

And this much my very good Lord in excuse, and as the simple truth of the Premises, I am bold to signifie; and now it resteth, I must complaine against my Lord and Brother, who as I suppose ought to maintaine both me and the rest, whose wrongs hitherto proffered, I will not forgiue, nor forget, having so sufficient a distresse as now I haue in possession, the which I purpose to keepe, untill our contro∣versie be decided by friends, or your Lordship, or the State doe deter∣mine betweene us; Holding the same with most assured safetie to her Majesties use, and no hurt unto my countrey, and to your Ho∣nours good liking, and not otherwise: all the premises concluded and considered, it resteth now onely how I shall be maintained, which my good Lord is to be supplied, by that gratious entertainement, that her Majestie hath, and doeth bestovv, upon lesse faithfull, more unable to doe her service, and not so vvilling as my selfe; The vvhich in company vvith the rest, I leaue to your favourable consideration: Yet all these shall not satisfie me, but that it may please your Lord∣ship, to forgiue and forget, if in ignorance I haue either spoken or vvritten any thing that might giue you cause to be offended. And so vvith my humble Duetie, I take leaue,

Caher the tvventie seventh of May, 1600.

Your Lordships very assured to command, Iames Butler.

The foure and twentieth,* 9.1 the Armie encamped at the Brough, where the President left a Ward, partly to offend the Rebels of Logh∣guire, three miles distant from thence; and partly to open the way betwixt Kilmallocke and Limerick, which for two yeares space had been impassible for any subject.

The fiue and twentieth,* 9.2 the army passing neere Loghguire, which was as yet held by the Rebels, the President attended with a Troope of Horse, rode to take a particular view of the strength and scitua∣tion thereof, as also by what way hee might most conveniently bring the Cannon to annoy the same. Hee found it to bee a place of exceeding strength, by reason that it was an Iland, encompassed with a deepe Lough, the breadth thereof being in the narrowest place, a Calievers shot over, upon one side thereof standeth a verie strong Castle, which at this time was manned with a good Garri∣son, for there was within the Iland Iohn fits Thomas, with two hun∣dred men at the least, which shewed themselues prepared to defend the place. The President being approached within shot, to discover the ground, they discharged some twentie Muskets at him and his company, but without any hurt done: and having effected as much

as hee intended at that time, they casting foorth some reviling spee∣ches, he left the place. That night the President came to Limerick, the Armie incamped within little more then a mile thereof. The three dayes next following, wee bestowed in providing things ne∣cessary for the mounting and drawing of the Cannon, the Citie be∣ing altogether destitute of necessaries thereunto, which at last with many difficulties was effected: Wherein the President shewed him∣selfe to bee a Master in that facultie; for Canonier or other Artificer (skilfull in the mountures of Ordnance) he had none, the Smiths and Carpenters were onely directed by him, according to the proporti∣on hee gaue, they wrought, and in the end a demie-Cannon vvas mounted, and drawen towards the gate of the Cittie, that leadeth to the Iland of Loghguire before named. The Rebels within the Ca∣stle receiving intelligence thereof, one Owen Grome, a stranger of the North, (to whose charge Iohn fits Thomas had committed the custo∣die of the Castle) sent vvord, That for his pardon, and a competent summe of money, hee vvould deliver it up unto her Majesties use. The President considering, that many impediments would arise, if hee should attempt the taking of it by force, and that it must needs bee chargeable to the Queene, cost the liues of many his men, and a great delay for the prosecution of other services, which he intended, accorded to his demaunds,* 9.3 and received the Castle, the monie (which was threescore pounds) being paied by the Presidents order, by one Rowlye, who lost the fame to the Rebels: Whilest these things were in handling, Nugent (whose Promises to the President before we re∣cited) intending no longer to deferre the Enterprize, attempted the execution in this sort. The President being past Loghguire, Iohn Fits Thomas riding forth of the Iland towards the fastnes of Arloghe, where most of his men remained, with one other called Iohn Cop∣pinger, whom hee had acquainted with the Enterprize,* 9.4 and as hee thought made sure unto him, attended this great Captaine, and being now passed a certaine distance from all Companie, permitted Iohn Fits Thomas to ride a little before him, minding (his backe being tur∣ned) to shoote him through with his Pistoll; Which for the purpose was well charged with two bullets; the opportunitie offered, the Pistoll bent, both heart and hand, ready to doe the deed, when Cop∣pinger at the instant snatched the Pistoll from him, crying, Treason: wherewith Iohn fits Thomas turning himselfe about, perceived his intent. Nugent thinking to escape by the goodnesse of his Horse, spurred hard; the horse stumbled, and hee taken, and the next day after examination, and confession of his intent, hanged. This plot, a though it attained not fully the desired successe, yet it prooved to bee of great consequence: For now was Iohn fits Thomas possessed

with such a jealous suspition of every one, that he durst not remaine long at Loghguire, for feare of some other like attempt that might be wrought against him; and therefore leaving the Castle in the cu∣stodie of the said Owen Grome, (who as before, kept it a very short time after) departed suddenly unto his Brothers Campe. Nugent in his Examination freely confessed his whole intent, which was (as hee then said) to haue dispatched Iohn fits Thomas, and immediately to haue poasted unto the Sugan Earle, to carry the first newes there∣of, intending to call him aside, in secret manner to relate the particu∣lars of his Brothers murther, and then to execute as much upon him also; Adding moreover, that although they take away his life, (which he would not intreat them to spare) yet was their owne safe∣tie never the more assured: for there were many others, which him∣selfe perfectly knew, to haue sollemnly sworne unto the President to effect as much as hee intended. This confession being sealed with his death, did strike such a fearefull terrour into the two Brethren, that Iames Fits Thomas himselfe afterwards, unto the President ac∣knowledged, they never durst lodge together in one place, or ever serue in the Heads of their Troopes, for feare to be shot by some of their owne men.

Loghguire being now possessed for the Queene,* 9.5 and the Armie well refreshed, the President marched into Clan-William a countrie of the Burks; Whereupon one of the principall Freeholders then in rebellion called Iohn Burke, halfe Brother to Pierce Lacy, desired to come unto the President, but no eare would be given to his request, untill he had first testified his humble submission, whereof hee made scruple, alleaging that his conscience would not suffer him so to doe, having before beene taught by his Instructers that it was sinfull and damnable, personally to submit himselfe unto her Majestie; His an∣swer was much disdained, and he plainely told, that he should never hope to be accepted for a Subject, and receiue the benefit thereof, ex∣cept hee would absolutely disclaime that rebellious opinion; which hee absolutely refusing, was sent away with this Proviso: That al∣though himselfe did fly into the Woods; yet his Castles, Townes, and Corne, which hee could not carry with him, should be the next morrow destroyed, which was not vainely meant, but truely perfor∣med, for by the Noone of the next day, being the twentie nineth of May,* 9.6 the Armie came upon his Lands, many of his Houses, some of his Corne, and one of his Castles fired. When a second Messenger, came to intreate that he might bee admitted to make his submission, whether it were that some Popish Priest, had granted him a Dispen∣sation, or that he would undertake himselfe to dispence with his con∣science, rather then see himselfe ruin'd, is to me uncertaine; But sure I

am, that this alteration was now wrought in him. Very unwilling was the President to accept him to mercy, which the day before hee so unadvisedly refused; Yet being much importuned by his Mother and others, who with weeping eyes intreated for him, and the rather that he had maried one of Sir George Thorntons Daughters, was incli∣ned to admit him to his presence.

CHAP. VII.

The submission of Iohn Burke. The Castle of 〈◊〉〈◊〉. Omulrians 〈◊〉〈◊〉 burnt and spoyled by the Armie. A Letter from Iames Fits Thomas to Florence Mac Cartie. O Sulevan More detained Prisoner by the practise of Flo Mac Car∣tie. The plot contri••••d by the Lord President, for the apprehension of Iames Fits Thomas. The Lo. Presidents Letter to Iames fits Thomas. Fine hundred men sent to lye in Garrison at Asketon. Supplyes of Money, Munition, 〈◊〉〈◊〉, &c. The apprehension of Iames Fits Thomas by Der••••ond O Connor.

THE President now on Horse-backe,* 9.7 in the midst of his Armie, tooke occasion of speech with some of his Com∣manders; when Iohn Burke bringing his Brother The∣obald Burke with him, a••ighted from their Horses, and kneeling upon the ground, desired that their submission might be accepted: The President seeing, would not see them, and hearkning to the other, would not attend them, untill (they creeping upon their knees by the Horse side) it was told unto him that two of the Burks were there; he staying his Horse, spent some time in re∣proving them for their rebellious obstinacie, and then (upon foure sufficient Sureties for their future Loyaltie) granted them protection. The next day the Armie marched to a Castle called Ballitrarsny,* 9.8 be∣longing to Mouroughe Kewghe one of the Brians, which stood neere a great Fastnesse, being very commodious, both to open the passage from Limerick, to Gashell, and to hinder the Rebels for comming out of Kilquige into Conniloghe: The Rebels of the Ward, assoone as they saw the Armie draw towards them, quitted the castle; which was not to bee wonne but by the Cannon; and therein was found great plenty of Graine; whereof some was largely bestowed a∣mongst the Troopes of Horse; some sent to Limerick by the Soul∣diers, and yet enough left to suffice the ward for one whole yeere.

The day following,* 9.9 fiue hundred Foote were sent into Ownhy, inhabited by the O Mulryans, a strong and fast Countrey; all the In∣habitants thereof being notorious Traitors: This being burnt and spoiled by them, and divers▪ Traitors put to the sword, whereby the disorders in those parts were well corrected; the Armie without any losse at all, returned againe to Limerick, and within short time after,

viz. at Likadowne, bordering upon Connilogh, Kilmallock, Lime∣rick, and Askeiton, were bestowed in severall Garrisons, which are not so farre distant, but that upon every occasion, they might bee united againe. At this time Florence Mac Cartie received a Letter written unto him from Iames Fits Thomas, the Copie whereof here ensueth.

A Letter from Iames fits Thomas to Florence Mac Cartie▪

COusen, your Letters of the fifth of this present, I received the eighth of the same, wherein you write of your sicknesse, and the impediments that caused your Souldiers to bee slow in prosecu∣ting our generall Action. In your former Letters you write and vow, that there hath been neither peace, truce, nor cessation confir∣med betweene you and the President. I am informed by my parti∣cular friends, and also by a Letter (intercepted) from the President to you, that some mittigation of time is limitted betwixt you and them, whereupon they depend, your assistance to be restrained from us. If this be thus, it is farre contrary to that I hoped, and much be∣yond the confidence reposed by Oneale and my selfe in your vowed fidelitie and service to God and our Action. I perceiue Donell Mac Cartie is raising head in disquieting your Countrey, the redresse whereof consisted in your constant assistance to bee bestowed; the President being not able to performe any service by Land, hath ap∣poynted to come by Sea to Askeiton, and some force out of Tho∣mond towards the Glinne; all which by the divine providence of God shall be prevented. The causes of urgent affaires are very ma∣ny, which required your presence and helping assistance, that with∣out your sound advice, can hardly bee accomplished. And therefore in regard of your fidelitie, let mee intreat you, (if your sicknesse bee not apparantly knowen to bee so extreame) to lay all excuses apart, and to draw towards this Countrey, with so few or so many as you may possibly afford; else you giue us cause to thinke of some inward meaning in you, contrary to our generall action. At your entreatie, and Letters, I haue discharged Dermond Mac Tirlogh, his Sonne I will keepe till that you and I doe conferre further of that cause. For Ma∣nus Mac Shihyes dealings, I will see redresse if my abuse bee offered. I understand you haue apprehended Owen Mac Shihy, I desire you to see him released, and restitution made of what hee had taken from him; and if you can charge him for any offence to you, I will upon these my Letters see him to bee forth comming, to answer his Con∣tempt, I pray you delay not his release, for I haue present occasion to

employ him in service. And thus expecting your present repaire or speedy answer, I commit you to God. Iune vt Supra.

Your very loving Cousen, Iames Desmond.

Whilest the President was at Limerick,* 10.1 hee had certaine notice brought him, that Florence Mac Cartie had a meeting in Connilogh, with Iames fits Thomas, and Dermond O Conner, and there in a parlie, because Osulevan More did refuse to contribute towards the bearing of his Bownoghs in Desmond, hee contrived with Dermond O Con∣ner, that hee should lay hands upon him, but it must bee done as it were by force, that it might appeare to the world, that it was against his will: for O Sulevan was his Brother in law, having married his Sister. Thus was O Sulevan betrayed by his deare Brother, and de∣tained prisoner by Dermond: And also there was at that time, by Florence his directions, the two Brothers of O Sulevan More, the two Odonoghs, Mac Finires sonne, and others to the number of eighteene, delivered as pledges into the hands of Dermond, for Bonnoght due unto him, which Florence should haue payed; all which prisoners were sent by him unto Castlelishin.

Before the President departed from Limerick, the Earle of Tho∣mond, invited him to his Castle of Bonrattie; the same night that hee was there, in the Evening, Captaine Gawen Harvie, (who from Corke was embarqued the very day that the President marched from thence with his Armie as aforesayd) came into the River of Shenan, to an anchor, at the mouth of the Creeke, where the Castle is seated: Hee brought with him, to the comfort of the whole Ar∣mie, Money, Munition, Victuall, and Apparell for the Souldiers, which if it had not come in due time, it might haue prooved a ha∣zard for the overthrow of that Summer Service. The next morning Captaine Harvie was directed to goe to the Key at Limricke, where after his charge was landed, the President willed him to fall downe with his Ship, and to ride before the Castle of the Glinne, there to remaine at an anchor, untill bee with the Armie should present him∣selfe before it, and sent with him a Demie Cannon, for the guard whereof, certaine Souldiers were appointed under his charge.

Much did it amuse the minds both of the Councell of the Pro∣vince,* 10.2 and of all the Commanders in the Armie, to see the Forces suddenly dispersed, at such a time, as for divers reasons they thought very unseasonable: The Armie for the numbers was strong, having received no disaster since their comming into the field, the time of the yeare, (being now about the beginning of Iune)* 10.3 was most con∣venient

to lie in Campe; whereas if the Service should bee deferred untill Winter, the Companies would bee weakened both by death and sicknesse, and more difficulties should they find in the fowlnesse of the weather, and deepnesse of the way, then in the sword of the Enemy, whom now they did ardently desire to encounter with∣all: yea, many there were, that ceased not confidently to utter, that they did now plainely perceiue, that though her Majesties charges was greatly inhaunsed by increasing the List in Mounster, yet her Service was likely to be no better followed then in the yeare last past.

But that the true ground of this action may bee discovered, wee must haue recourse to the prosecution of the stratagem, that all this while had beene in working with Dermond O Conner; for after his Wife the Lady Margaret had acquainted him, both with the Enter∣prize and Conditions (which was not untill the Armie was at Kil∣mallock aforesaid) hee shewed a good inclination to effect it, were it not for three difficulties that seemed to interpose themselues: First, the President being altogether unknowen to him, he demanded sufficient Pledges to be put into his hands, there to remaine untill the conditi∣ons promised should be performed. Secondly, he wanted some shew of reason or colourable cause, to satisfie his Copartners in excuse of his action: And lastly he alleaged that no opportunitie could bee found for the execution of the Designe, so long as Iames Fits Thomas remained with all the force hee could possible make sixe miles from the Campe, to confront the Presidents Armie in his passage to Askei∣ton: For assurance of the conditions, the President was content to deliver into his hands foure Pledges, which yet notwithstanding must bee in such sort delivered by the one, and received by the other, as no suspition might arise: The Hostages agreed upon, were Red∣mond and Brian, Sonnes of Milerius Mac Craghe Archbishop of Ca∣shell; who himselfe had before beene a Principall Actor in the bu∣sines, and Captaine William Power, and Iohn Power his elder Brother, who likewise had been imployed in the Action. These were made choice of; because they might be free from the violence of Dermond O Conners men; The Powers being foster brethren to the Lady Mar∣garet▪ and the Archbishop himselfe borne in Vlster, a naturall Follow∣er unto the Arch-Traitor Tyrone. Therefore that these fower should make a Iournie from Kilmallocke towards Kinsale, where Captaine Poore his Companie were then in Garrison; and the time of their going being made knowen to Dermond O Conner, he should lye with some of his Forces, in the pace of Ballihowre to intercept Passen∣gers, where these foure should (as it were) by chance fall into his Ambush, and so they did, where Dermond O Conner, although for the

reasons before mentioned, saved their liues, yet he could not restraine the furie of his men, that knew nothing of his purpose, but that they were stripped of their clothes, and left almost naked.

These being in this manner taken the eleaventh day of Iune,* 10.4 they were presently caried to Castle Lyshin, seated in the great Wood cal∣led Kilmore, seven miles from Kilmallock (where the Lady Marga∣ret his Wife then remained;) and there straightly kept in Irons, untill the Ransome were discharged, which was given forth to be no lesse then two thousand pound sterling.

Assoone as they were taken, Iames Fits Thomas repaired to Castle∣lishin, and instantly requested Dermond, that he might haue the two Powers executed; for unto them hee was an ancient Enemy, which Dermond would not assent unto, as well in respect of the great ran∣soms, which hee pretended to expect from them, as for giving of of∣fence unto his Wife, unto whose Brother (then in the Tower of London) they were foster Brothers; then the which in Ireland, there is no greater Obligations of loue.

The first Impediment being thus removed, care was taken to de∣vise some shew of reason to excuse this action to the Bonoghs (if they should be discontented) after the execution thereof; which was disguised by a Letter as written by the Sugan Earle from the Presi∣dent; which forasmuch as the Contents thereof doe manifest the in∣vention: I haue thought not unfit to bee inserted in this present relation.

The Lord Presidents Letter to Iames Fits Thomas.

SIr, your last Letters I haue received, and am exceeding glad to see your constant resolution of returne to subjection, and to leaue the rebellious courses wherein you haue long persevered; You may rest assured that promises shall bee kept; and you shall no sooner bring Dermond O Conner to me, aliue or dead, and banish his Bow∣noghs out of the Countrie, but that you shall haue your demand sa∣tisfied, which I thanke God, I am both able and willing to performe: Beleeue me, you haue no better way to recover your desperate estate, then by this good service, which you haue proffred; and therefore I cannot but commend your Iudgement, in choosing the same to re∣deeme your former faults: And I doe the rather beleeue the perfor∣mance of it, by your late action touching Loghguire, wherein your Brother and your selfe haue well merited; and as I promised, you shall finde mee so just, as no Creature living shall ever know, that either of you did assent to the surrender of it; all your Letters I haue

received, as also the joynt Letter, from your Brother and your selfe; I pray loose no time; for delayes in great Actions are subject to many dangers. Now that the Queenes Armie is in the field, you may worke your determination with most securitie, being ready to re∣leeue you upon a dayes warning: So praying God to assist you in this meritorious Enterprize, I doe leaue you to his protection this twentie nineth of May 1600.

This Letter was sent to Dermond O Conner, which when time should serue, hee might shew as intercepted by him; and therefore what he did, was imposed upon him by necessitie, except hee would suffer himselfe, wittingly and willingly to be betraied.

These things thus contrived, there remained nothing but to sepa∣rate the reputed Earle from his strength, that no resistance might be made by the Provincialls, when hee should bee apprehended. This was not likely to bee effected, unlesse the President would divide his Forces, and bestow them in severall Garrisons, as though they should leaue the field for that Summer, whereupon was judged that the Rebels would likewise disperse themselues; and even so it came to passe: for they understanding that the English Armie was now garrison'd,* 11.1 (nothing suspecting that he would adventure to send a Garrison to Askeiton, without the countenance of an Armie) sepa∣rated themselues into divers Companies. The President had no soo∣ner advertisement hereof, but hee sent foorthwith under the con∣duct of Sir Francis Barkley, fiue hundred Foot from Limricke by water, to goe to Askeiton, which they might easily effect in a fewe howers, too short a time for them to assemble their Forces to im∣peach their landing: By these meanes were they setled in Garrison, without any other difficultie then a light Skirmish, the number of the Rebells to giue them resistance, not exceeding two or three hun∣dred at the most, which otherwise could not haue beene effected without much blood.

The seventh of this moneth of Iune, the President received Intel∣ligence from Iohn Butler, a Gentleman of the Countie of Tipper∣rary, that the Earle of Ormond, for the ransome of three thousand poud sterling, to be paied upon certaine daies agreed upon, was to be enlarged, and set at libertie by Ownhie Mac Rory Omore, with whom hee had been prisoner ever since the tenth day of Aprill: for the true payment of the same, twelue Hostages, who were the eldest sonnes of the principall Gentlemen in the Countrey, were delivered into the hands of the said Ownhye: It app••ared that hee was detained somewhat longer then was expected, for the assurance of his deli∣very came not unto the Presidents knowledge untill the seventeenth

[illustration]

ensuing, at which time the Earle himselfe by his Letters advertised him thereof.

I must here craue a little leaue to looke backe to time past, as well to relate by what meanes the Armie in Mounster was from time to time enabled to subsist in this prosecution, as to shew the actes and the progresse in the same. No man is ignorant, that Armies of mens bodies cannot subsist, unlesse they bee continually supplyed with Money, Munition, and Victualls, and especially in such a Kingdome as Ireland is, which was exhausted of all meanes of those natures, by the continuance of the Rebellion, and particularly in Mounster, before the President came thither: so as unlesse hee had beene care∣fully supplyed of them out of England, no service could haue beene performed, and heerein I cannot but commend his care in demaun∣ding, as the Lords of the Councells readinesse to effect the same. At his departure from the Court of England, hee humbly prayed, that against his comming into the Province, (for as you haue heard hee went by the way of Dublin) some proportions of Money, Mu∣nition, and Victualls might bee sent thither, whereof their Lord∣ships were not unmindfull, as by their Letters dated the eight and twentieth of March last past may appeare, wherein they certified the President,* 11.2 that they had sent for the Province of Mounster, nine thousand pound in money, three moneths victualls for three thou∣sand Foot, and two hundred and fiftie Horse (which was the List of his Armie) and as hee desired, the one halfe of it was sent to Corke, and the other moitie to Limricke: Also fiue Lasts of Pow∣der, with Lead, and Match proportionably, with two hundred six∣tie nine Quarters of Oates; All which arrived in May following, the Oates excepted, which came to Corke in Aprill: Moreover, in the same moneth the Souldiers Summer Suites arrived at Corke: Further, as by their Lordshipps Letters to the President, dated the seventeenth of Iune, they had sent for the supply of the Province, fiue Lasts more of Powder, with Match and Lead; And that shortly afterward, there should bee sent unto him tenne thousand pound in Money, and two moneths victualls for the Armie, the one moitie to land at Corke, the other at Limricke, as hee had demaunded; And for that they had heere certified, that the Souldiers, (having had by her Majesties favour their Powder given unto them without any defalkation upon their entertainments) made unnecessary use of the same, and sometimes sold it to the Irish Merchants, and others, they required the President to let them know, and to take order accor∣dingly, that they should not be allowed any expence of Powder, but in dayes of trayning or service onely.

But to returne to Dermond O Conner, who now perceiving that it

was a fit time for his Designe, sent a Messenger to the Earle of Des∣mond,* 11.3 for so he called Iames Fits Thomas, desiring him to meete him at a place of parlie upon the eighteenth of Iune, to conferre about certaine matters concerning the Warres. Iames Fits Thomas (as hee since confessed to the President) had received some secret intelligence of Dermond his intent; which although he did not absolutely credit, yet did it worke some jealousie in him; and therefore brought with him to the Parlie some two hundred of his Foote: Dermond O Con∣ner brought one hundred and fiftie Bownoghs: After some speech passed, among the chiefe, at last, a Controversie did arise betweene Moroghe Mac Shihy, Marshall to Iames Fits Thomas, and the Marshall of Dermond, about such Hides, as were or should bee killed in the Armie; the one deriving his authoritie from Tyrone, the other from the Earle of Desmond; in contention they grew warme, and Der∣mond so blew the Coale, that the kerne of the one, and the Bonoghs of the other, were ready to passe from words to blowes; much did the Sugan Earle labour to quiet this Mutiny, which could not bee throughly appeased, untill the Companies on either part were seve∣red and dispersed: Iames Fits Thomas willing to giue all satisfaction to Dermond and the Bownoghs, made offer to dismisse his owne men, which was willingly accepted of the other, and so sent them into the Countrie neere adjoyning: They being departed, and the Principals setled againe to parlie, about the deciding of this contro∣versie; the Bownoghs by Dermonds appointment drew neere unto them: Then Dermond O Conner layed hold upon Iames Fits Thomas, and said, My Lord you are in hand; in hand (answered he) for whom, or for what cause? I haue taken you for Oneale, saith he, and I purpose to detaine you, untill I bee certified of his pleasure, for your selfe haue combined with the English, and promised to the President to deliver me, either aliue or dead into his hands; and for Proofe thereof, be∣hold (saith he) Letters which were intercepted, and brought to mee (under the Presidents hand) to confirme the same, and therewithall produced them.

This colourable Pretence, gaue a good satisfaction to the Compa∣nies for the present; and yet for the better content, hee gaue Thomas Oge of Kerry, and two of the Clanshyhies Brethren, whom he tooke also at the same time, unto the chiefest of his Captaines, to be reserved for their Ransomes.

Now Iames Fits Thomas, and the other Prisoners being mounted upon poore Garrans, are conveied through the Fastnesse in Conni∣logh to Castle Lyshin, where they were no sooner bestowed, but Dermond O Conner went presently to another Castle called Ballialli∣nan, belonging to Rory Mac Shihy, Father to the two brethren of the

Mac Shihies before mentioned, which he also tooke, and therein set∣led himselfe, and sent with all speed to Castle Lishin for his Wife and the English Pledges, which were there in Handlocks; Leaving some sixteene Warders to guard the Prisoners; these hee removed from thence, either because they might more conveniently, send some one of them, with the relation of his doings to the Lord President, or for feare lest the Friends and Followers of the Arch-Traitor, Des∣mond, reuniting themselues, and his owne Bonoghs, of whom hee was very uncertaine, taking part with them, they might joyne their Forces, and at one push, both rescue the Prisoners that he had taken, and also take himselfe Prisoner, and the fower English Pledges: To the intent therefore, that he might not adventure all his substance in one Shippe, he divided them as before you haue heard.

These businesses thus contrived,* 11.4 Dermond O Conner, upon the nineteenth of Iune, sent Iohn Power (one of the Pledges before spo∣ken of) in all hast to the President at Limerick, with a Message ten∣ding to this purpose: That if the Lord President, would instantly gather all the Forces he could make, and draw to Kilmallock, where the Lady Margaret should meete him, for the receiving of one thou∣sand pound, which was promised him, upon the delivery of the Pri∣soner; praying withall, that the President would not moue out of Kilmallock, untill she were come unto him; in the meane time hee would keepe him in safetie, and accomodate all things for the more assurance in the effecting of the busines.

To Kilmallock he came the next Morrow,* 11.5 the twentieth of Iune, with one thousand Foote, and two Troopes of Horse; for a good part of his Armie was at that time gone into Thomond, to secure the same from Odonnell, who was come farre up into the Countrey, and had taken many preyes there.

CHAP. VIII.

The Countrey of Th••mond, harassed and spoyled by O Donnell. Forces sent into Th••¦mond. Iames fits Thomas set at Liberty. Dermond O Conners Letter to the Lord President. A Letter from the Mounster Rebels to O Donnell. Dermond O Conner, and the Rebels agreed, and reconciled. The Castle of Crome taken by the Armie. A Ioyns Letter from William Burke, and Morrogheny Moe O Flag∣harly to the Lord President. A Letter from Morrogheny Moe O Flagharly to the Lord President. A Letter from Iames fits Thomas to Florence Mac Carty.

THIS suddaine comming of Odonnell for Thomond,* 11.6 was so secretly caried, as the Earle of Thomond had no notice of it, untill he was come to the Borders thereof; hee then being at Limerick with the President, prayed him to lend him part of his Armie, to make Head against the Rebels: Whereupon his Lordship commanded the Sergeant

Major, Captaine Flower, and with eight hundred Foote, and sixtie Horse to attend the Earle.* 11.7 Odonnell entred the Countrey, and Ha∣rassed all Thomond, even as farre as Loopthead, and tooke all the Preyes of the Countrey. Neverthelesse he went not away scot free; For the Noble Earle fought often with his Forces, slew many of them, and never left them, untill he had recovered a great part of the Cattle, which Odonnell had taken; And upon Mid-somer day, chased him out of Thomond. This suddaine and unexpected comming of Odonnell with such great Forces, as attended him, could never haue beene undiscovered, if the next Neighbours to Thomond, the Inha∣bitants of Clanrickard had done their dueties, through which Coun∣trey Odonnell passed, and returned, without doing of any hurt that ever I heard of:* 11.8 And so leaving with this Digression, it is time to speake of the Successe of the vsurping Earles apprehension. By this time it was suspected, and publikely noised abroad, that the Sugan Earle should bee delivered to the President; which Rumour began first to bee bruited in Limerick, and Kilmallock; and (as it alwayes hapneth in that Kingdome, from the Townes, the rumour is speedily conveied into the Countrey; which being no sooner heard, then be∣leeved by the Rebels, as well Provincials as others; they all combi∣ned themselues; Iohn fits Thomas, Pierce Lacy, and William Burke, being the Triumviri of this League, to set the Prisoner at Libertie: With this determination they had gathered together of Dermonds Bonoghs and Provincials, some foure thousand men, nee re Castle Leshin, in the great Fastnesse of Conniloe; for there was this Castle seated, with intent both to blocke up the way, that the President should take in comming thither, and to constraine the Ward to deli∣ver the Earle.

The President being at Kilmallock as aforesaid, hourely expecting the comming of the Lady Margaret, stayed there from the twentieth to the twentie sixth day,* 11.9 and in all that time he never heard from her, or her Husband: Vpon the twentie sixth the Lady Margaret came to him, shee related that Castlelishin was besieged by the Rebels; her cause of stay was, the danger of the way. Immediately the Presi∣dent (notwithstanding, the rest of his Forces were not returned out of Thomond) purposed to raise the Siedge; and the Armie being drawen forth before they had marched an English mile upon the way, they met a Messenger, who delivered unto them for certaine, that Iames fits Thomas was rescued that morning, and himselfe did see him out of the Castle.

In Castlelishin, where Iames fits Thomas was prisoner, Dermond O Conner (with the Ward) had left a Priest, whose perswasions pre∣vailed so much with O Conners men, as they delivered the reputed

Earle as aforesaid, but upon Caution, as may appeare by Dermond O Conners Letters to the President, as followeth.

Dermond O Conners Letter to the Lo. President.

MY good Lord, it is so, that contrary to my directions, and with∣out my privitie, my Ward at Castlelishin was hardly set unto by the Enemy, after the breach of the Castle, were constrained to yeeld to the surrender of the Earle of Desmond upon Composition, viz. to receiue as pledges from the said Earle, his sonne, and his Re∣ceiver, one Gerald fits Nicholas, and the chiefe of the Walles or Fal∣taghs of Downmoylin, and Iohn fits Thomas, Brother of the said Earle, to bee delivered into the hands of Mac Cartie More▪ or some other indifferent man his hands, as the said Earle and I shall agree: heere∣of I thought good to certifie your Honour, (assuring the same upon my credit, that this Composition was made without my privitie, as your Honour shall understand manifestly heereafter) to the end your Honour might bee advised not to send the Armie, for feare of any mischance, in respect of the greatnesse of the Enemies forces, and fastnesse of their strengths, the Earle being inlarged; all which I hope to bring to a worse case then they were in, and that in a short time, if I be well furthered by your Lordship: the manner whereof I am ready to declare to your Honour, as occasion shall serue: for speedy effecting whereof, I pray your Lordship to send me your best advice by Captaine Power, the which expecting forthwith, I humbly take my leaue:

Balliallinan this 26. of Iune, 1600.

Your Honours to command, Dermond O Conner.

The reason which I conceiue mooved Dermond that hee did not presently render him to the President, was partly his feare, that his money would bee detained from him, when the prisoner was once delivered, and therefore hee would bee first sure of the same; partly his over much confidence in his men whom hee thought that they would not for a world haue betrayed him as they did; but especially I conceiue, that the danger of the way was the occasion of the pro∣traction: for undoubtedly the man did meane to performe his pro∣mise sincerely; and if the Lady could haue come sooner to Kilmal∣locke, the titularie Earle had been brought from Castlelishin with∣out any difficultie.

Vpon the seven and twentieth Dermond O Conner wrote to the

President, praying to bee excused, that hee did not come unto him, for the wayes were too dangerous for him to passe, untill his Bro∣ther, who was in Desmond with foure hundred men, did come un∣to him, or that the Enemy did scatter, or the President with his Ar∣mie should draw into those parts; and in the meane while he would remaine in the Castle where hee was; and besought the President to send him a safeguard for himselfe, his followers, and goods, prote∣sting his loyaltie to her Majestie, and promising to bee directed by the President in whatsoever it should please him to commaund. Within a few dayes after the delivery of the Sugan Earle (as afore∣said) the Earle of Thomond having intercepted a Letter sent by the Rebells of Mounster, to O Donnell and his Associates, did send the same unto the President; whereby it may appeare, how much the taking of Iames fits Thomas did grieue them at the heart, which is the reason I doe in this place insert the same.

A Letter from the Mounster Rebels to O Donnell.

ALL heartie Commendations from Mac Maurice, and the rest undernamed, to O Donnell, and the rest of the Lords and Gen∣tlemen that are with him, Letting you to understand, that Dermond O Conner hath played a lewd part amongst us heere; Hee hath taken the Earle of Desmond, Thomas Oge, and the two sonnes of Rory Mac Shihy, together with their Townes and Castles▪ claiming in right of his wife the Earledome of Desmond. The Earle is as yet upon his hands, and the Countrey is all preyed and destroyed, and Rory Mac Shihy, who is olde and blinde, is banished out of his Towne, lea∣ving him bare without any thing, and his sonnes bound very safe and sure: which Act being considered by Con Oneale, and others the Gentlemen of Connaght, who were in the said Dermonds com∣pany, to proceed of treachery and falsehood by the said Dermond; whereupon the said Con Oneale, and the rest of those Connaght men ea••••e unto us, bringing with them the said Rori•• his sonnes, for which wee rest very thankfull to them, and therefore we desire you to shew them thanks likewi••e▪ and that you should write unto the said Dermond, touching the inlargement of the Earle, and that hee should take good pledges of the Earle, to bee put upon the hands of the Clergie, or some indifferent temporall person••s, and he to ••et 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the like, and your Order, and the Order of the Clergie to pu••••e be∣tweene them, and we desire your prese••t helpe▪ To that purpose Dermond is drawign the English ••word to ••word the Estate with them, we and the Gentlemen of Connaght heere are 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Castle where the Earle lyeth: and seeing that the River of Shanen is

passable, if it had been your pleasure to come to helpe us, we would bee very glad thereof; and yet if wee can rescue the Earle, and it to be your pleasure, we will draw towards you; hereupon send us pre∣sent word.

Castlelishine the 24. of Iune, 1600.

Your trustie Friends,

• Iohn Gerald.
• Thomas fits Maurice.
• Edmond Valley.
• M. fits Thomas.
• Patricke Lixnawe
• William fits Gerald.
• Dierby Mac Cartie.
• Pierce Lacie.
• Mac Shihy.

The President being out of hope, to get this Haggard into his hands by these Limetwigs, intending the prosecution, which was to take in the Castles of the Glynne and Carrigfoile; the one belonging to the Knight of the Valley, the other to Iohn O Conner (commonly called O Conner Kerry) both being seated upon the River of Lime∣rick, and so to passe the Mountaine into Kerry.

The President having taken order for all such necessaries as should be requisit in his Iournie;* 13.1 on the twentie eighth marched* 13.2 to Lime∣ricke, the twentie nineth (upon a Letter which hee received from Dermond O Conner) into the Hart of Conniloe, and incamped at a Towne called Ballingery foureteene miles from Limerick, being by him requested (who was now besieged by the Enemy in the Castle of Balliallinan) to releeue him with her Majesties Forces.

The President being advanced within three miles of the Castle,* 13.3 where Dermond O Conner was besieged, the Rebels understanding thereof, and fearing to bee assailed by him, and loath that Dermond O Conner should fall into his hands, to be imployed in service against them, whose credit with the Bownoghs was such, as that hee could perswade them to what he listed; they resolved to treate with Der∣mond, and upon his oath of future faith, to take him againe into their societie, and to restore him to his former Command. Dermond (as it should seeme, fearing that Reliefe would not come unto him in con∣venient time) accepted the offer, and rendered the Castle and himselfe into their hands: But yet I could never heare that Dermond after∣wards was had in any great estimation amongst them: This bu∣sines being thus composed, they presently dislodged, with intent to giue impediment to the Armie, in their passage towards the Glynne; His Lordship being advertised of the reconcilement,* 13.4 directed his March to the Glynne; and understanding that the Castle of Crome, the Earle of Kildares inheritance, which was not much out of his

way, and held by a Ward left therein by Pierce Lacy, which gaue great Annoiance to the Subjects thereabouts, and comfort to the Re∣bels, being seated at the entrance into Conniloe, tooke it in his way; upon the sight of the Armie, the Warders quitted the Castle, and the President possessed himselfe thereof, together with some store of Corne, and other Provision, that was found therein. The last of Iune,* 13.5 the Armie marched through Kerry, a safe Countrey, unto As∣keiton, where it remained foure dayes, in expectation of Victuals, that should come thither from Limerick by Water: The fourth of Iuly,* 13.6 the Armie rose from thence, and marched to Ballintare, upon the Mountaine of Sleughlogher, twelue miles from Askeiton; the Enemy to the number of three thousand, marching all that day in our view.

Now did the President assure himselfe, that this Armie of the Re∣bels did onely attend the opportunitie for some place of advantage, where they might conveniently attempt our Forces; and no doubt so they would haue done, if the fore conceived Iealousie, and distrust betweene the Provincials and Bonoghs, confirmed in them by the bones of Dissention (that the President had cast forth amongst them) had not wrought in either of them, a desire of nothing more, then to be freed from the danger (reciprocally apprehended) each of the o∣ther, as might well appeare, by two Letters, (which this night were brought to the President) from the Principall of the Connaght men; the true Copies whereof, I haue thought not unfit to be in••erted in this present Relation.

A Ioynt Letter from William Burke, and Mo∣roghe ny Moe O Flaghertie to the Lord President.

COmmendations to your Honour: For as much as we thinke your Honour willing, to further and augment your credit, in doing your Princesse service; we thought to make you acquainted, that wee are here in Campe two thousand and fiue hundred Con∣naght men: Yet we let your Honour to understand, that we will not set upon you in any way, nor molest you in your Iourney, so that your Honour consider us with a peece of money, and giue us your Passe and safe Conduct, to depart this Countrey; not that wee feare you or any other, but that wee meane to doe you no harme, so your Honour shew us the like favour; You may well accept of this our proffer: for it is a thing that others of your Calling sought for, and could not obtaine, although very desirous for the obtayning of it. Thus troubling your Honour no further, onely expecting

your speedy resolution, we commit you to God▪

From the Abbey of Feil•• the third of Iuly 1600.

Your Friends to use during your Friendship, William Burke. Moroghe ni Moe O Flarty.

A Letter from Morogh ni Moe O Flaghertie to the Lord President.

MY dutie remembred, I commend mee unto your Lordship: Whereas about May last, I came hither in my Galley out of Connaght, to draw home my people, souldiers and followers into my natiue soyle, there to liue quiet, and under her Majesties sub∣jection, whereupon I haue had her Highnesse protection and Passe∣port for my selfe and them, and all other out of Connaght, that shall accompany me; Whereby ever since my selfe and souldiers haue been so crossed, and troubled by this Countrey people, as they did not suffer me to depart from the Earle of Desmond; I have thought good therefore, in respect it is a thing belonging to the advance∣ment of her Majesties service, to bring the number of one thousand persons, souldiers and tenants to peace, to pray and desire your Lordship to graunt mee, and all such as I shall bring with mee, your Passeport and Safe-conduct through all your Garrisons, and her Ma∣jesties Subjects, as well in this Countrey, as in Thom••nd. And in so doing wee shall pray, &c. And so I humbly take leaue.

Clanmo∣rishkerry this third of Iuly 1600.

Her Majesties true Subject, if your Lordship please. Moroghe ni Moe O Flartie.

Vnto these Letters the President deferred to returne any present Answer, as well because they should know, that they who had at∣tempted, and performed so many outrages, and rebellious practises against her Majestie and her Subjects, should not so presently and so easily receiue favour from the State; as also they might haue imagi∣ned, (if hee had instantly condiscended unto the••e their demaunds) that he stood in feare of them, which might haue made them more bold in attempting some enterprise upon his Armie. And lastly, he conceived a hope, that to effect their longing desire of returning

into Connaght, they would at the last be glad to doe service one up∣on another; remising therefore onely this Answer, that he despised their Forces, and he knew they durst not interrupt his passage: Ne∣verthelesse at further leasure, hee would consider of their demands: At this time Iames fits Thomas wrote a Letter to Florence Mac Cartie, which in this place I thinke good to insert.

A Letter from Iames fits Thomas to Flo∣rence Mac Cartie.

MY very good Lord, I was driven through the treacherous dea∣lings of Dermond O Conner, to let the President and the Eng∣lish Armie passe into Glenne, without any resistance; and yet they are but thirteene hundred Foote, and one hundred fiftie Horse: Dermond O Conner did undertake that the Connaght men should not medle with them, nor take our parts▪ being the only encouragement of the English, to venter this Enterprize: But now God be praysed, I am joyning my Forces with them, and doe pray you to assist mee with your Forces, for now is the time to shew our selues upon the Enemy, for they are but very few in number, and destitute of all re∣liefe, either by Sea or Land: If your Lordship bee not well at ease your selfe, let your Brother Dermond, and the Chiefe Gentlemen of your Forces, come without any delay; assuring your Lordship, that I will, and am ready, to shew you the like against your need: Be∣seeching your Lordship once againe, not to faile, as you tender the o∣verthrow of our Action: Even so committing your Lordship to the tuition of God Almighty▪ I end.

Portrinad the fifth of Iuly, 1600.

Your Honours most assured Friend and Cosen, Iames Desmond.

CHAP. IX.

The Armie sate downe before Glyn-Castle. The Knight of the Valley upon safe Con∣duct, spake with the Earle of Thomond. The Constable of Glyn-Castle, his Advise to the Earle of Thomond for his safetie. A Breach made and assaulted. A Sally made by the Rebels. The Constable &c. slaine, The Castle of the Glyn wonne, and the Rebels put to the Sword.

THE next morning, being the fifth of Iuly,* 16.1 the Armie came unto the Castle of the Glynne,* 16.2 distant from Ballin∣tare but fiue miles; the Rebels still marching within lesse then two English miles of us; but never offering any skirmish, where we found Captaine Gawen Harvy (according to his direction) at Anchor before the Castle, where hee

[illustration]

attended our comming about foureteene dayes. The Armie was no sooner incamped, but order was presently taken for unshipping the Cannon, brought by water in a Boat of the Earle of Thomonds from Limerick; and that night intrenched our selues, before the Ca∣stle betweene it, and the River: The day following, the Ordnance (which was one Demy Cannon, and one Sacre) was planted before the Castle, without any resistance, or the losse of any one man, by reason of a Parlie that was purposely to that end entertained, during the which, the worke was performed.

The seventh,* 16.3 the Knight of the Valley, by a Messenger from him to the Earle of Thomond,* 16.4 prayed a safe conduct to the Campe, which was granted: He told the Earle, that he desired to conferre with the President, which he refused, without absolute submission to her Ma∣jesties mercy, whereunto he would not yeeld, but stood upon conditi∣ons, whereupon hee was commanded to depart: He saw the Can∣non already planted, and his Sonne then a child in the Presidents hands, ready at his will to bee executed, being by himselfe formerly put in pledge for his Loyaltie; then hee desired to speake with the Earle of Thomond againe, which was granted: But the Earle found his obstinacie to be such, as he disdained to haue any long conference with him: And so being safely conveied out of the Campe, he re∣turned to his fellow Traitors, who were on the top of an Hill, not farre of, where they might see the successe of the Castle.

When he was gone, the same day towards the Evening, the Con∣stable of the Castle (who was a Thomond man borne) sent a Mes∣senger to the Earle of Thomond,* 16.5 praying his Lordship to get a safe conduct from the President, that he might come to speake with him, which being granted, in his discourse to the Earle; my Lord (said he) in the loue I beare you, being your naturall Follower, I desired to speake with you, to the end that you may avoid the perill that you are in; for the Earle of Desmond, and the Connaght men, lodge not two miles from this place, they are three thousand strong at least, and the Lord President may bee assured, that they will giue upon his campe, for so they are resolved; and in all likelihood, you will bee there put to the Sword, or driven into the River of Shenan. The Earle deriding these threats, advised him to render up the Castle to the President, whereby his life and his fellowes might be secured, which he with vaine glorious obstinacie refused, and returned to the Castle; for a Farewell, the President sent him word, that since he had refused the Earle of Thomonds favourable offer, that he was in hope before two dayes were spent, to haue his Head set upon a Stake, which proved true (as you shall heare) before the Castle was taken.

The next day,* 16.6 when wee looked that the cannon should be∣gin

to play, the Cannonniere found the Peece to be cloyed, all the art and skill which either the Smith, or himselfe could or did use, prevai∣led nothing. The President (who is a man that knowes well to man∣nage great Artillery) commanded that the peece upon her carryage (as she was) should be abased at the tayle, and elevated at the musle, as high as it might bee: then hee willed the Gunner to giue her a full charge of powder, roule a shott after it, and to giue fire at the mouth, whereby the touch-hole was presently cleared, to the great rejoycing of the Armie, which of necessitie in attempting the Ca∣stle, (without the favour of the Cannon) must haue endured great losse. This particular I thought good not to omitt, because it may bee an Instruction to others, whensoever the like accident should happen. The Peece being thus cleared, the President having the Knight of the Valleyes eldest sonne, (a childe of sixe yeares olde) in his hands, to terrifie the Warders, hee caused the child to be set up∣on the topp of one of the Gabions, sending them word, That they should haue a faire marke to bestow their small shott upon: The Constable returned answere, That the feare of his life should not make them to forbeare to direct their Volleyes of shot to the batte∣rie: for said he (in undecent termes not fit for me to write) the place is open where he was borne, and the Knight may haue more sonnes. The President not intending (as hee seemed) caused the Infant to bee taken downe from the Gabion, knowing that the discharging of the Cannon would haue shaken the poore childes bones in sun∣der, and then presently hee commanded the battery to begin, and the small shott did so incessantly burne powder, as the Warders durst not stand to their fight,* 16.7 untill a breach was made assaultable into the Sel∣ler under the great Hall of the castle: all this was done with the losse of one onely man, a Cannoniere.

Then was Captaine Flower commaunded by the President, with certaine Companies assigned vnto him, to enter the breach,* 16.8 which hee valiantly performed, and gained the Hall, and enforced the Ward to returne into a Castle close adjoyning unto it, where from out of a Spike, they slewe foure of our men, then hee ascended a paire of staires, to gaine two turrets over the Hall, in which attempt Captaine Bostocks Ensigne was slaine; by the winning whereof, they were in better securitie then before, and there were our Colours placed; and because it was by this time within night, Captaine Slings by, (who was there with the Presidents Companie) was commaunded to make it good till the morning; during which time, some whiles on either side, small shott played, but little or no harme done: about midnight the Constable seeing no possibilitie to resist long, and no hope of mercy left, thought by the favour of the night in a sally* 16.9 to

escape; but the Guards were so vigilant, as they slew him, and some others; neverthelesse two escaped, the rest which were un∣slaine,* 16.10 returned into the Castle, and the Constables head was (as the President formerly had told him) put on a stake:* 16.11 Early in the morning, the Ward was gotten into the Tower of the Castle, wher∣unto there was no comming unto them, but up a narrow stayre, which was so strait, as no more then one at once might ascend; and at the staire foot, a strong wooden doore, which being burnt, the smoke in the staires was such, as for two howers there was no ascending without hazard of stifling; when the extremitie of the smoake was past, one of the Rebels presented himselfe, and said in the behalfe of himselfe and his fellowes, That if their liues might be saved, they would render; but before any answere was made, he voluntarily put himselfe into our hands: The smoake being vani∣shed, a Muskettier, and to his second a Halbardier; Then Captaine Flower, and Captaine Slingsbie; Lieutenant Power, Lieutenant to Sir Henrie Power; Ensigne Power, Sir Henry Powers Ensigne; Lieutenant Nevill, Lieutenant to Sir Garratt Harvie, which was after killed in Connaght, seconded by others, ascended the staires in file, where they found no resistance, nor yet in the upper roomes, for the Re∣bels were all gone to the Battlements of the Castle, with resolution to sell their liues as deare as they could. Our men pur••ued the way to the Battlements, whereunto there was but one Doore▪ Cap∣taine Flower entred upon one hand,* 16.12 and Captaine Slingsb••e upon the other; the gutters were very narrow betweene the Roofe of the Castle and the Battlements: In conclusion, some were slaine in the place, and others leapt from the top of the Castle into the water un∣derneath it, where our Guards killed them. In this Service eleven Souldiers were slaine, whereof one was an Ensigne, and one and twentie hurt, of which number the Serjeant Major, (who served admirably well) was one; hee received three or foure wounds, but none of them mortall; there was also the Lieutenants of the Earle of Thomond, and Sir Henry Powers hurt; of the enemy (of all sorts) were slaine 80, or thereabouts, whereof 23 were naturall borne fol∣lowers to the Knight of the Valley, in whom hee reposed greatest confidence.

The reasons which mooved the Knight thus obstinately to per∣sist, was partly the strength of the Castle, which hee (ignorantly) thought defensible against the Cannon, and also 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••anifold oathes and protestations made unto him by his fellow Rebells, that with their whole Forces they would giue reliefe, and raise the Siege▪ but how much hee fayled in expectation of the one, and they in the protestation of the other, yee haue already heard; whereof if

the protesters had had any feeling (of their promised faith) the pro∣vocation they had was great; for they were eye-witnesses, when the Castle was assaulted and wonne. This Castle is a place of great importance, and ever since the beginning of the rebellion, one An∣thony Arthur (a Merchant of Limricke) lay in it, as a generall Factor for the citie, to vent commodities to the Rebels.

CHAP. X.

A Ward put into the Castle of Glynne, by the Lord President.* 16.13 Carrigfoyle rendred by O Conner Kerry. Victuals and Munition sent out of England into Mounster. Maurice Stacke sent into Kerry. The B••noghs obtained the Lord Presidents Passe∣port to depart the Province. Sixty of the Bonnoghs slayne by the Lord Burke. The Lord Presidents returne to Limericke. The Castle of Corgrage rendred. A gar∣rison left in A••keiton. The Castle of Rathmore rendred. A garrison placed at Kil∣mallock. The Rebels enforced to rise from the siege of Lyskaghan. Florence Mac Carrie's perswasions to the Ward, to quit Lyskaghan. Florence attempts againe to corrupt the Constable of Lyskaghan. A Letter from Iames fits Thomas, to Florence Mac Cartie.

THE President was constrained to stay heere fiue dayes after the taking of the Castle, to place a Guard there∣in, which was left to the charge of Captaine Nicholas Mordant, with one and twentie Souldiers, and to re∣payre the breach and ruines made by the Cannon, which being finished, hee intended to draw the Cannon to Carrig∣foyle, fiue miles distant from the Glinne; which Castle was held then against her Majestie, as it was in anno 1580, and wonne by Sir William Pelham, the Lord Iustice, under whom (at that time) the President was a Captaine of Foot: But O Conner Kerry* 16.14 being ad∣vertised hereof, desired a protection, and for assurance of his future loyaltie, offered to surrender his sayd Castle, to bee kept unto her Majesties use: His profer the Lord President accepted, and a Ward of Sir Charles Wilmot his Company was placed therein.

The Earle of Thomond, in his good affection to the service, gaue unto Iohn O Conner, during the Warres, a Castle and thirteene Plow Lands, for his Tenants and himselfe, to liue upon in Thomond, which was a better Pledge upon him, then any he could giue: Ne∣verthelesse, after the Spaniards landing in Ireland, this perfidious Traitor, relapsed as hereafter you shall heare.

About the middest of this Moneth,* 16.15 there arived first at Corke, a small Barke of fiue and twentie Tonnes, loaden with Victuals; and the day following, a greater quantitie; also three Lasts of Powder,

[illustration]

with Lead and Match proportionable, which was a great comfort to the President, and the whole Armie.

Whilest these things were in doing, the President to the end the Rebels might be set on worke, in many places at once, imployed one Maurice Stack,* 16.16 a servant of his owne into Kerry (a Natiue of that Countrey) a man of small stature, but of invincible courage, with fiftie men; who confidently undertaking no more then he valiantly performed, surprised by scale, a Castle in the Heart of the Countrie, called Liscaghan, appertaining to Master Edward Gray, an Vnderta∣ker, put the Ward to the Sword, burnt Ardart and other Townes; tooke some Preies for the maintenance of himselfe and his Compa∣nie, and made good the place, untill hee was seconded, by the com∣ming of Sir Charles Wilmott, as after you shall heare.

From the beginning of the Warre, untill this undertaking of Mau∣rice Stacke, none of her Majesties Forces had beene seene in Kerrie; the Countrie was strong in men, and full of victuals, yet this undaun∣ted Spirit of Stacke, would with a handfull of men attempt the En∣terprize: Still did the Bownoghs (seeing their hopes in Mounster to be frustrated) importune the President, by Letters and Messages for his Pasport,* 16.17 to safe conduct them into Connaght, promising there to liue under her Majesties Lawes, as should become Loyall and Duetifull Subjects; which at last upon mature deliberation, was granted unto them. The Lord Burke* 16.18 being either ignorant of what was done, or would not take knowledge of it; in revenge of his two Elder Brothers deaths, who were slaine by them, with the helpe of Limerick men, set upon their Reare in Clanwilliam, as they were passing the Shenan, and slew sixtie of them, besides divers that were drowned; and tooke some part of their Prey: In this skir∣mish, an Alderman of Limericke called Dominicke Roche, and a Pro∣testant, was dangerously wounded with a Musket Bullet; among these Bownoghs, Dermond O Conner passed into Connaght: Whilest these things were thus in handling, the President still remained at Carrigofoile, expecting daily and hourely a Ship of Victuals, which had bin comming from Corke thither, since the beginning of Iune; upon arrivall whereof, hee purposed with the greatest part of his Forces to haue passed further into Kerry, and to haue setled that part of the Province.

But the Victuals by reason of contrary Winds, not being as yet come into the River of Shenan; the thirteenth of this Moneth, hee was constrained for want thereof, to returne to Limericke againe.* 16.19 In which returne, we having marched through exceeding strong Fastnesse, incamped the first night before the Castle of Corgrage* 16.20 sea∣ted upon the Shenan, belonging to Master Trenchard the Vndertaker,

and of strength sufficient to hold out against any Force, except the Cannon. But the example of the Glynne, was so fearefull unto the Rebels, that upon the first summons, they yeelded the same, with safe∣tie of their liues. And the President gaue the Custody of it unto Oli∣ver Stephenson.

The next day, the Armie marched twelue miles unto Adare, a Mannor House, belonging to the Earles of Kilda••e, wholy ruined by Pierce Lacy; from thence the President sent seven hundred Foote, and seventie fiue Horse to Askeiton, there to remaine in Garrison.* 16.21

The fifteenth,* 16.22 advertisement being given, that the Castle of Rath∣more* 16.23 (three miles out of the way to Limerick) was still held by the Rebels; we came before it, which the Ward instantly delivered un∣to the President, from whence he sent foure hundred and fiftie Foote, and fiftie Horse unto Kilmallock;* 16.24 for it was well found, that the greatest hope of the Arch-traitor Desmond, did consist in Conniloe, which by reason of the fertility of the Soile, the strength of the Countrey, and the Inhabitants being all his Naturall borne Follow∣ers, did yeeld him more Command and Reliefe, then any part of the Province besides: These two Garrisons therefore were placed at Askeiton, and Kilmallock, that did so infest the Rebels, that resided in those parts, as before the next Winter was ended, they vvere utterly wasted.

The sixteenth,* 16.25 the President with the rest of the Armie, came to Limerick, which was no sooner dispersed and disposed in the man∣ner aforesaid, but the Enemy drew their Forces to Liscaghan, surpri∣sed (as you haue heard) by Maurice Stacke, and by him still possessed in despight of the Rebels:* 16.26 This Castle therefore they besiege, and placed an Engine (well knowen in this Countrey) called a Sovv (to the Wals thereof) to supp the same: But the Defendants did so vvell acquit themselues in a Sally, as they tare the Sovv in peeces, made her to cast her Pigs, and slevv tvventie seven of them dead in the place; finding therefore that Force would not prevaile, to effect their at∣tempt, they betake themselues to fraud: For the more cunning con∣veiance whereof, Florence Mac Cartie was imployed as a principall Instrument by Fits Maurice, who then with two hundred Foote and twentie Horse lay at Ardart, not halfe a mile distant from the Castle; within a few dayes after the former Salley, the said Florence came to speake vvith the Ward,* 16.27 (commanded by Walter Talbot, in the absence of Maurice Stacke) about some particulars concerning their ovvne good; vvho amongst other conference assured them, that the President vvas gone to Corke, that most of his Troopes vvere de∣feated, and that it vvas impossible for them to expect aide before the next Spring: All which notwithstanding, for the loue he bare to

the President, he would be glad to saue their liues; and if they would deliver up the place to him, hee would undertake to convey them in safetie to Carrigofoile: Much did this smoth report, distract some of the Wards; for they well understood, that he had not shewed him∣selfe in any overt action against her Majestie, since the President came into his government; and although he did converse with the Rebels, yet it might bee, that it was either to doe some service upon them, or else to draw them into subjection. But others misdoubting, Anguis in h••rba, resolutely answered, that they would make good that place against all Ireland, untill a second might come unto them: Then he began to ••ertifie them with the strength of the Enemy, and weake∣nesse of her Majesties Forces, reporting the one to be at the least se∣ven thousand, and the other at the most two thousand and fiue hun∣dred: But finding that this last attempt, prevailed no more then the first assault, with some threatning speeches hee departed to the Lord of Lixnaw. The next morning, Florence* 16.28 attempted the Ward againe, but they made answer as the day before; then he proffered Walter Talbot, if hee would render the place unto him, hee would giue him sixtie men in wages, and a good Horse; but all his offers being re∣jected, he went his way.

Notice heereof being brought unto the President, then residing at Limericke, he addressed himselfe in all speed towards Kerry, and set forward the three and twentieth of Iuly:* 16.29 But whereas (by rea∣son of continuall raine that had lately fallen in great abundance) it was thought that the mountaine of Sleulogher was impassible for carriages, was constrained to take the way of Tho••ond. The for∣ces which hee carried with him, were in list ••050 Foot, and 75 Horse. These therefore marched to Kilrush, a place in Thomond, opposite to Carrigofoile, and by the eight and twentieth of the same,* 16.30 all the Foot, the Troopes, and baggage were transported, which in respect of the breadth of the River in that place, being at least one league and a halfe, was expedited beyond all expectation. In the speedy dispatch whereof much was attributed, and that wor∣thily, to the Earle of Thomond, who provided Boats and such other necessaries, as his Countrey could afford. The beginning of Au∣gust Iames fits Thomas wrote unto Florence Mac Cartie a Letter, the true Copie whereof followeth.

A Letter from Iames fits Thomas to Florence Mac Cartie.

COusen, yesterday I came over the Mountaine, and brought with mee the Bonnaghs of Conelloe, the residue and force of the Countrey I haue left to keepe their Crets. I understand since my comming, that Sir Charles Wilmott with six hundred Foot, and fiftie Horse, are come to Clanmorris, and this night pretend to bee at Tralee. I haue sent to the Knight,* 17.1 and all the Countrey presently to meet mee to morrow, to resist their determination: And for your better furtherance and accomplishment of our action, I am to intreat your Lordship, as you regard your owne quiet, and exaltation of the Service, to make what haste and force you may, and speedily to yeeld us your helping assistance, for which wee will rest thankfull, and most readie to answere your Lordship at your need: And thus referring the consideration hereof to your Lordship, I commit you to God.

Primo Augusti, 1600.

Your Lordships very loving Cousen, Iames Desmond.

CHAP. XI.

The Lord President at Carrigfoyle. The Castles of Lixnaw, Rathowin, and Tralce surpri∣sed by Sir Charles Wilmot. The Bonoghs defeated by Sir Charles Wilmot. The death of Patrick Fits Maurice Lo. of Lixnaw. Florence mac Cartie sent for by the Lord President, but refuseth to come. A marriage practised by Florence for Iames fits Thomas. Letters and messages betweene Florence and Tyrone. An encounter betweene Captaine Harvie and the White Knights sonne. The White Knights sonne defeated. The Knight of Kerry, and the Lord of Lixnaw sue for pro∣tection. The Earle of Thomond left to command the garrison at Askeyton. Flo∣rence Mac Cartie continueth his practise with Tyrone. Lands given by Iames fits Thomas to Florence Mac Carrie. Donnell Mac Cartie taken in upon protection.

THE President being come to Carrigofoyle,* 17.2 advertise∣ment was brought, that the Rebells hastened to ruine their Castles in Kerrie. Wherefore the nine and twen∣tieth* 17.3 hee sent Sir Charles Wilmot, (a very valiant and un∣derstanding Gentleman) with the Forces aforesaid into Clanmorris, who without much difficultie, by reason of his sudden and unexpected comming, recovered the chiefe House of the Lord

Fits Maurice, called Lixnaw,* 17.4 being formerly by him sapped and un∣derset with props of Timber, to the end, that whensoever any Eng∣lish Forces should come into the Countrey, that at an instant (fire be∣ing set unto them) the Castle should bee ruined, which hee rather wished, then that a Garrison of Souldiers should bee lodged in it: But the sudden comming of Sir Charles, prevented his intention. Hee surprized also in the same manner the Castle of Rathowine, be∣longing to the Bishop of Kerry, into both which (being very con∣venient for service) hee put sufficient Guards, and then rode with fiftie Horse to view Tralee, which was Sir Edward Dennies House: Iames fits Thomas had appoynted one hundred and fiftie Bownoghs for the ruining hereof; who having almost fully finished their taske, as they were busily imployed about the undermining of certaine vaults remaining after the rest unruined, Sir Charles Wilmott,* 17.5 with his fiftie Horse, as they came suddenly, so they ranne violently, like a Whirlewinde (in faire weather) upon those Rebels, killed two and thirtie of them dead in the place, and recovered the Armes of one hundred, who by the meanes and favour of a Bog and Mountaine neere adjoyning, escaped with their liues, being fr••ghted almost out of their wits. The second of August* 17.6 Sir Charles Wilmott with his Troopes returned to Carrigfoile.

In this meane time the President was advertised, that the victualls which hee expected from Corke, was arrived at Carrighowlogh in Thomond, almost opposite to the River of Cassan in Kerry, from whence in Boats they were transported up the Cassan to Lixnaw, foure miles into the Countrey, which service was performed by the ayde of the Earle of Thomonds Boats.

The Lord Fits Maurice, whose name was Patricks, and father to Thomas Lord Fits Maurice now living, an obstinate Rebell, hearing of our being at Carrigfoyle, fearing our Neighbourhood, brake his Castle of the Beaulieu, seated upon the Shenan, two miles distant from Carrigfoyle, when hee saw his chiefe House possessed by our Forces,* 17.7 tooke such an inward griefe, as the twelfth of this instant hee gaue up the ghost. The Countie of Kerry at this time was the best inhabited Countrey of all Mounster; but whosoever tooke the most paines in sowing, certaine it is, that the Garrisons as they vvere shortly after placed, reaped all the profite of that Har∣vest.

The Iland of Kerry, an ancient and chiefe house of the Earles of Desmond, and of late belonging to Sir William Harbert, as an Vnder∣taker, together with many other Castles in those parts, are (by the rebels) absolutely ruined, neere upon the first bruit of the Armies ap∣proch, which was an evident argument of their obstinacies.

The President upon his first comming into Kerry, hearing that Florence Mac Cartie* 17.8 was not then aboue ten miles distant from him, about a Parlie with Iames fits Thomas, wrote for him, to come and speake with him at Carrigofoile, but he remising nothing but oathes and delatory excuses, came not; Whereupon second Letters together with a safe guard were dispatched unto him, but unto those he retur∣ned no answer at all. This delaying conferred with the report of some Protectees, that averred Florence to haue entred into a new Combination with Iames fits Thomas; (and that hee had sent in this Moneth of August Owen Mac Eggan, a Traitorly Priest into Spaine;) made the President not doubtfull only of his former promises to him made, but almost out of doubt, that he would shew himselfe againe in open action. Which would bring to passe, that his Labours (like those of Hercules) should daily bee renewed, new Heads still grow∣ing upon this rebellious Hydra; for the Septs of the Carties them∣selues (with their Followers and Dependants) were knowen to bee no lesse then three thousand able men; and to the intent, that all these might more firmely vnite themselues, with the rest which were no lesse, then foure thousand and fiue hundred strong against Her Maje∣stie: This Florence was now busie in working of a Mariage, be∣tweene the Sugan Earle,* 17.9 and the sister of Cormacke Mac Dormond, Lord of Muskerry, a populous, a rich, and a fast Countrey. The President having received advertisement thereof, left Sir Charles Wil∣mot to prosecute the service in Kerry, and himselfe hasted his returne towards Corke, there to worke some meanes, for the overthrowing the proceedings of this dangerous Complot.

The President being returned so farre as Limerick, certaine notice was brought him, that Florence had lately imployed a Messenger to Tyrone* 17.10 (as he pretended) for the releafe of Osulevan Moke, his Brother in Law; but as the truth was, to procure aide from the North, to support the Rebellion in Mounster: Tyrone by the said Messenger, sent Letters of Comfort and Encouragement, aswell to Florences as to the rest of the Lords in that Province; assuring them, not only of succours from himselfe, but farther, that the Spanish Forces would land in Mounster before Michaelmas next. These exorbitant cour∣ses of Florence, gaue a great impediment to the service, for the Pre∣sident (as he would often say) did see him like a darke Cloud over his Head, threatning a Storme, to hinder and disturbe his proceedings: But wee will leaue Florence for a while busily employed, in devising meanes how to procure aide, either from Spaine, or from the North, or from both; and betake our selues to such other occurrents as hap∣ned about this time. Vpon the sixteenth of August,* 17.11 the Lord Presi∣dent came to Limericke.

The eighteenth,* 17.12 Pierce Lacy wrote unto the President, humbly be∣seeching him, that he might bee received into Her Majesties gratious protection, promising ever afterwards to remaine a loyall Subject; but withall hee made certaine demands, which were so much disli∣ked by the President, as his suite was rejected; for the President in∣sisted upon a Rule (which hee never brake) that hee would not giue care to any Traitor that did capitulate. The twentieth* 17.13 he came to Kilmallock, remayning there but one day, to take assurance of cer∣taine Gentlemen and Freeholders, that had lately submitted them∣selues.

The day following at Kilmallock,* 17.14 the White Knight being there to attend the President,* 17.15 newes was brought unto him, that divers of his people and Followers were slaine by the Garrison of Moyallo, commanded by Captaine Roger Harvy: The President carefull to giue him contentment (being under her Majesties protection) in his owne presence examined the matter; and there it was found, that Captaine Harvy having intelligence by a Spy, that was his Guide, of a notable Traitor called Iohn Mac Redmond, and certaine other Traitors, and their goods, which were reported to bee neere unto Sir Walter Raleigh his Lands, adjoyning to the White Knights Coun∣trey, with seventie Foote and foure and twentie Horse, marched that night one and twentie miles from Moyallo; and at the breake of day, our men thinking, that they had beene brought upon an Ene∣mies Towne, set fier to a House, having some few people therein: But an old Souldier knowing the place, told the Captaine that it was the White Knights Towne: Whereupon he commanded his Com∣pany to forbeare committing any outrage, either upon the people, or any of their Goods: But the White Knights younger Sonne, Iohn fits Gibbon, having suddenly gathered to himselfe, one hundred and sixty Foote and eighteene Horse, overtooke Captaine Haruy; who began to excuse the matter, telling him (as the truth was) that the Guid whom he had there with him, to answer the Fact, had brought him unwillingly upon that place; and therefore for the hurt done (igno∣rantly) he would make a large satisfaction.

But the young man following the advise of one Garret Mac Shane, (who had lately beene a notable Traitor) thinking it not possible for so small a Company to resist his great Force;* 17.16 (without returning any answer) began presently to chardge our men, whom they sup∣posed without any great resistance to haue at their mercie, and came up close to our Foote, who nothing dismaied, stood firme, expecting their Chardge: But they not comming on, Captaine Harvy advan∣ced towards them, and brake them instantly. In this Conflict were slaine and hurt aboue sixtie of their partie; and among them Garret

Mac Shane, the Leader and Procurer of the fight; of our men, some foure were hurt, but none killed; Captaine Harvy received a shot on his Murrian, a blow with a pike upon his back, but escaped danger by the goodnesse of his Buffe Coat, and had his Horse slaine under him. The White Knight upon dew knowledge hereof, condemned both his Sonne and people for their folly, to enforce a fight, having no harme intended them; and confessed they were well lost. But yet for his better satisfaction the treacherous Guid, who did upon a set purposed malice draw this Draught, was by the Presidents appoint∣ment, delivered over to the Marshall, and presently hanged: The three and twentieth* 17.17 the Lord President returned to Corke.

Sir Charles Wilmot having made his entrance into Kerry (as alrea∣dy you haue heard) and there proceeded so farre as Lixnaw, made knowen to the President, that the Rebells were exceeding strong in that Countrey; The Arch-Rebell Iames fits Thomas beeing at∣tended with fiue hundred Bownoghs, besides the Forces that the Knight of Kerry, Thomas Oge, and the Gentlemen of the Countrey could make: Heereupon the President knowing that those parts were alwayes affectionately addicted to the Earles of Desmond, cau∣sed a Foot-man of the young Earles, (who was shortly afterwards to come into Ireland) as the manner is, having his Masters Armes upon his coate before and behinde, to shew himselfe in most pla∣ces of the Countrey, that thereby they might bee the better per∣swaded of his comming, and bee a meanes to alienate their hearts from the counterfeit Desmond. The vigilant care that Sir Charles Wilmot used within his charge, having taken divers preyes, and killed some of the Rebels, together with this Invention, caused most of the Free-holders of that Countrey to submitt themselues, and seeke unto the Governour for her Majesties protection: the princi∣pall amongst these was William fits Gerald,* 17.18 commonly called The Knight of Kerry, who by Messengers signified the great desire that hee conceived to live a Subiect, and had present occasion to shew some proofe thereof; for the Sugan Earle comming about this time to the Dingle, the said Knight would by no meanes receiue him into his Castle; whereupon hee ruined all the houses that were standing in the Towne, and so tooke his journey unto Castle Mange: Thomas fits Maurice, (the pretended Baron of Lixnaw) also now newly come to his Barronie by the death of his father, sought by meanes of his wife, (who was Sister to the Earle of Thomond) for the Presidents favour, and her Majesties protection: Both were promised upon condition, hee would performe such service as might in some good sort deserue the same: but this hee absolutely refused, because (forsooth) it stood not with his Conscience, nor

with his Honour: for these were his owne words in a Letter that hee wrote to my Lord of Thomond: and upon this Answere the President rejected both the man and his suit.

The affaires of Kerry succeeding so well with the Governour, it was supposed, that the reputed Earle of Desmond would not long remaine in these parts, lest the Protectees might offer him some false measure; which if it should happen, most likely it was that hee would passe the Mountaine, and shelter himselfe in the Fastnes of Conniloe, and therefore the Lord President intreated the Earle of Thomond, to stay with the Garrison at Askeiton,* 17.19 both to doe ser∣vice upon such Rebels as should lurke in those woods, as also to se∣cure the goods of those that were newly become Subjects; for (as the manner of the Irish) had they lost but twentie Cowes, or tenne Garrans, they would haue held it sufficient cause to haue relapsed a∣gaine. My Lord of Thomond therefore lying there in Garrison, re∣ceived advertisement by certaine espialls (whom hee used) that Flo∣rence Mac Cartie* 17.20 had assuredly made a new combination with the Arch-Rebell Desmond, and had sent second Letters to Tyrone about O Sulevan More his enlargement; but in trueth the effect thereof was, to implore ayde of that Egyptian Reed, to underprop their ruinous, and almost rotten Building. Of this new and late combi∣nation, the Lord President was also advertised by the Lord Barrie, That Iames Mac Thomas, to assure Florence unto him, did giue him these Lands and Rents following:* 17.21 viz. the Querinie, Killaha, the rents of Beare and Bantrie, the Beoves of Carbry, Carrigroaghan and Ballinry neere unto Corke; all which Florence accepted, and their place of meeting (where this Agreement was made) was at Rahi∣nemroeg, bordering upon Slewlogher. Vpon this Intelligence the Governour of Kerry, by direction from the President, received into protection Donnell Mac Carty,* 17.22 naturall sonne to the late Earle of Clan∣care, and Brother to Florence his wife, whom the Countrey in the beginning of this Rebellion, saluted Mac Cartie More, or chiefe Lord of Desmond: But at Tyrone his late being in the Province, he was deprived of that promotion, and both the Title and Lands by him conferred upon the said Florence: wherefore they thought this man to be a speciall fit Instrument, of whom there might bee very good use, when the President should beginne his prosecutions against Florence.

CHAP. XII.

The Castle of Mayne in Connologh taken. Omaghon, and the O Crowlyes protected. Cahir Castle rendred. Supplyes of Horses and Money sent for Mounster. Der∣mond Mac Owen, O Keefe, and Mac Awley make suite to bee received as subjects. The submission of the Knight of Kerry. Iames fits Thomas, and Pierce Lacie defeated by the Knight of Kerry.

THE Rebell that next bordered upon this Garrison of Askeiton, was Garret fits Nicholas, and some few Kerne that followed him, whom Sir Francis Barkley so haun∣ted and hunted, that hee got from them all their prey, their owne riding Horses, and at last the Castle of Mayne,* 17.23 held by them, vvherein there was provision of Corne for all that yeare.

The President having disposed of his Garrisons in such sort, that they were lodged either in the Rebels Countries, or very neere there∣unto, sent unto them severall Letters, willing the Commanders to imploy their Companies (at this time especially) about the standing Corne now ready for the Harvest, to gather in for their owne vses, what lay most conveniently for them, and the rest to destroy with Man and Horse, which was performed accordingly; and this no doubt was one principall cause, that they were unable to hold up their Heads the next yeare; for presently hereupon Omaghon and the O Crowlies in Carbery,* 17.24 sought to Sir Richard Percy lying at Kinsale, that hee would bee a meanes, to the Lord President for Her Ma∣jesties protection; which being granted, they remained Loyall Sub∣jects with their Tenants and Followers untill the landing of the Spaniards. In this interim, the Lord President laboured with Cor∣muck Mac▪ Dermond, partly by promises, and partly by menaces, to frustrate the intended Mariage,* 17.25 betweene Iames fits Thomas and his Sister; which at last with some difficultie was frustrated, by c••using the said Cormuck to undertake for his Sisters apparance, whensoever he or the Councell should call for her.

Towards the later end of this Moneth of August, the Lord De∣puty writing to the President about some other o••casions; it pleased him to remember Cahir Castle* 17.26 (which was lost as before you haue heard) signifying that hee much desired to haue that Castle re∣covered from the Rebels; the rather because the great Ordnance, a Cannon, and a Culverin being left there by the Earle of Essex, were now possessed by the Rebels. This Item from the Lord De∣putie, spurred on the President without further delay, to take order therein; and therefore presently by his Letters, sent for the Lord of

Cahir, to repaire unto him, who (as before you haue heard) was ve∣hemently suspected, to haue some hand both in the taking, and kee∣ping thereof. The Barron of Cahir being come, the Councell per∣swaded him to deale with Iames Butler (nicknamed Iames Galde) his Brother, about the redelivering thereof to Her Majesties use; but his Answer was, that so little interest had hee in his Brother, as the meanest Follower in all his Countrie, might prevaile more with him then himselfe; (for hee was unwilling to haue the Castle regai∣ned by the State, except it might againe, be left wholly to him, as it was before the first winning thereof) which the President surmising told him, that if it might speedily be yeelded up unto him, he would become an humble Suiter to the Lord Deputie (in his behalfe) for the repossessing thereof; otherwayes hee would presently march with his whole Armie into those parts, and taking the same by force, he would ruine and raze it to the very foundation; and this he bound with no small protestations: Hereupon, Iustice Comerford being dispatched away with the Lord of Cahir, they prevailed so farre with young Butler, that the Castle upon the twentie nineth follow∣ing was delivered to the State; as also, all the Munitions, and the great Ordnance conveied to Clonmell, and from thence to Watter∣ford.

The nine and twentieth* 17.27 the Lord President, among other things in his dispatch made for England; advertised the Lords of the Councell, that there was lately arrived at Limerick tenne thousand pounds in monie for the Armie in Mounster;* 17.28 and that also at Corke thirtie sixe Horse, (for the supply of his Horse Troopes) were landed at Corke; for the which hee gaue their Lordships humble thankes: The Horse sent were fourtie, but the Conductor delivered no more then aforesaid.

While these things were in handling, it hapned that a French Barke arrived at Dingle, laden with Wine and some Munition, which they sold to the Rebels, and thereby ministred unto them no small reliefe, being before in great want thereof. Whereupon the President wrote his Letters to the Lords of Her Majesties Privie Councell, intreating that it would please them, to procure Her Majesties Letters to be di∣rected to her Ambassadour Leger in France, to deale with the King, for preventing such further mischiefes, as might arise by his Subjects merchandizing with the Rebels.

The sixe and twentieth* 17.29 of this Moneth, Dermond Mac Owen* 17.30 Lord of the Countrey, called Dowalla, a man for wit and courage, no∣thing inferior to any of the Mounster Rebels, by his Letters directed to Captaine Roger Harvy, bearing Date the twentie sixeth aforesaid, made humble suite unto the President, that himselfe, Mac Awly

and O keefe with all their followers, might be received into Her Ma∣jesties gratious protection; promising both for himselfe and them, from thence forward, to continue and remaine loyall and obedient Subjects; and for the performance of the same, they would put in sufficient securitie, which humble suite the President not long after granted.

Neere unto the day before mentioned, William fits Gerald, the Knight of Kerry,* 17.31 in a very penitent manner submitted himselfe to Sir Charles Wilmott, and received her Majesties gracious protection, protesting with many vowes his future loyaltie, whereof Sir Charles advertised the President, praying the confirmation of the same, which was upon sight of his Letters graunted. Foure or fiue dayes afterwards, as Sir Charles lay with his Force before Ardart in Ker∣ry, Iames fits Thomas, and Pierce Lacie,* 17.32 with all the Force they could make, entred (by night) into the Knight of Kerries Countrey, with a full intention either to surprise his person, or to spoyle & burne his townes, and corne, to his utter ruine: The Knight having some little foreknowledge of the storme at hand, assoone as they were entred into his Countrey, hee fought with them, slew two of their chiefe Leaders of the Bownoghs, the one called Teg O Kelly, the other Walter Mac Castelogh, and with them sixteene others. The Invaders finding so ill a vvelcome, returned, not having gained so much as one Cowe.

CHAP. XIII.

The Castle of Ardart taken by Sir Charles Wilmot. Maurice Stacke treacherously murdered. The prey of Kilkoe taken by Sir Richard Percie. A Letter from Iames fits Thomas to Florence Mac Cartie. Iames fits Thomas defeated by the garison of Kilmallock.

ARdart for some nine dayes made good defence,* 17.33 and had burned with Fire-workes such Boardes and Timber as Sir Charles had placed against the wall of the Castle, for his mens safetie as they undermi∣ned. But at the last Sir Charles sent for a Saker out of an English mans Ship, (which one Hill the Master lent him) with a purpose onely to breake open the doore of the Castle; for the walls were too strong for so small a Peece to offend: The Rebells at the sight of the Saker yeelded: Sir Charles hanged the Constable; the rest of the Ward, vvhich vvas but eight, with the vvomen and chil∣dren vvere spared.

Towards the latter end of August, Maurice Stack, the braue under∣taker

before spoken of, was by Honore ny Brien, wife to the Lord of Lixnaw, invited to dine with her,* 17.34 in her Husbands Castle of Beau∣lieu in Kerry; at which time Donnell Obrien, Brother both to her, and the Earle of Thomond was then with his Sister; Dinner being en∣ded, the young Lady desired to speake with the said Stacke privately in her Chamber, where after a little time spent, and disagreeing about the matter then in speech, the Lady cryed out unto Dermon'd Kewghe Mac Corman, William Odonichan and Edmond Oheher (being at the Chamber doore) doe you not heare him misuse mee in words? Whereupon with their skenes they instantly murdered him in the place: Assoone as hee was slaine, shee sent unto her Husband, and willed the Murtherers to repaire unto him▪ of this barbarous and inhumane Act, some say that this Lady was the principall Agent, though some of her friends haue since sought to excuse her: The Earle of Thomond upon the knowledge of it, was so infinitly grieved, and for the same held his Sister in such dete••tation, as from that day for∣wards (to the day of her death) which was not many Moneths af∣ter (as I thinke) he never did see her, nor could not abide the memo∣ry of her name: But howsoever this worthy Subject, (more wor∣thy then whom there was no one of Ireland birth of his quality) was thus shamefully butchered as you haue heard: The Lord of Lixnaw, not satiated with his blood (traitrously & shamefully shed) the next day after, he hanged Thomas Encally Stack, the Brother of the said Maurice Stack, whom he had held Prisoner a long time before.

About the beginning of this Moneth of September,* 17.35 the Garrison of Kinsale was droven into the field, and marched so farre as Rosse Carbery, being commanded by Sir Richard Percy,* 17.36 and guided by Walter Coppinger of Corke, upon hope of doing service thereabout, but being disappointed thereof, they marched beyond the Leape, and comming suddenly to Kilcoe, they tooke there a Prey of three hun∣dred Cowes, which they brought in safetie without any losse to Lit∣tertinlis, and from thence they returned againe to their Garrison.

The Garrison of Kerry, had by this time so galled the Forces of the vsurping Desmond, as he found himselfe unable long to subsist, ex∣cept Florence Mac Cartie (who had long played the Machiavillian Ambodexter, betwixt him and the L▪ President) would now at the last joyne with him in defence and supportation of the Action; this did he importune by divers Letters, but especially by one, which because it containeth his estate at this time, together with other particularities fit to bee understood; I haue thought good to insert the very words of his owne Letter as followeth.

A Letter from Iames fits Thomas to Florence Mac Cartie.

MY Lord, your Letters I haue received, and the present time of Service is now at hand, which by Letters, nor any excuse so effectuall ought to bee delayed; And whereas you write, that you intend to conferre with the President, and the Earle of Thomond, I marvell that one of your Lordships acquaintance with their proceedings, doeth not yet know their inticing bayts, and hu∣mours, to intrap us all within the nets of their pollicies; Your vow to God and this action, for the maintenance of the Church, and de∣fence of our owne right, should not for any respect bee unregarded: you know that of long time your Lordship hath been suitor to the Queene and Councell, and could not at any time prevaile, nor get any likelihood of your settlement; and now being duly placed by the assent of the Church, and us the Nobilitie of this Action, your Lordship should worke all meanes possible for to maintaine the same. You know the ancient and generall malice that heretofore they bare to all Irish Birth, and much more they raue at this present, so as it is very bootlesse for any of us all to seeke their favours, or countenance, which were but a meane to worke our totall subver∣sion: Write to mee effectually your Lordships minde, and what resolution you purpose to follow, whereby I may proceed accor∣dingly. This Armie is but very slender, for they are but sixe hun∣dred Foot, and eightie Horse; I am my selfe and Fits Maurice sixe hundred Foot, and some Horse: Wee expect your Lordships assi∣stance, which wee heartily desire, and not any further to deferre us with Letters, as you respect us, and the service: and whereas you write you haue no force, your owne presence, and the bruite of your comming, will much further the Service, and dismay the ene∣nemy, &c.

2. Septemb. 1600.

Your loving Cousen, Iames Desmond.

Notwithstanding the importunitie of these Letters, together with his owne inclination, yet Florence finding that this their divi∣ded Kingdome could not long stand, hee would not in person joyne with them, but sent word to the white Knight by his daughter (Donogh Mac Cormock his wife) that rather then the Action should fall to the ground, hee would himselfe make a journey into Spaine,

to intreat ayd and assistance from the Pope and Spanish King: but in the meane time, the supposed Earle being still pursued by Sir Charles, is constrained to abandon Kerry, to goe to Conniloe, and so to Arlogh; in which passage hee sustained such a losse (as shall bee said) which prooved to him irrecoverable. There was not left any man of esteeme likely to defend the Action, but Florence Mac Cartie, (lately spoken of) who having temporized all this while, (to see this Summers prosecution) was growne by other mens examples to bee more wise then honest, became now an Intercessor to the President, with frequent Letters, and damnable oathes, that he was in his heart and intentions sincerely devoted to her Majesties service.

The concurrence of this fortunate successe, did promise a present reduction of the Province, and an establishment thereof in a setled quiet, and so no doubt it would haue prooved, if the Protectees had meant in their hearts, as they professed with their tongues: but it was farre otherwayes, for the President did at this time receiue cer∣taine advertisement, that the titularie Earle being driven to great ex∣tremitie, and eagerly prosecuted in all corners, by the consent (in common Counsell) of his associates, whereof some of them had never beene in actuall rebellion, and others lately protected, and see∣ming to forsake him (notwithstanding their pledges in her Majesties hands) haue advised him partly for his safetie, but especially to make triall what ayd hee could procure (out of Connaght and Vlster) to depart from thence, with confident promises, that whensoever hee should returne with new Forces, that then they would as constant∣ly stand for him as heeretofore: Whence by the way may bee dis∣cerned the cankred disposition of their malicious hearts towards the English Government, who nothing regard the disease of their Persons, the losse of their Goods, the hazzard of their Liues, and danger of their perjured Soules, so that they may bee able to conti∣nue in action against her Majestie; hoping thereby that at the length shee would growe wearie of her extreame charges, and by that meanes bee driven to condescend to their owne Conditions and Li∣bertie of conscience; wherein although they were not disturbed at this time, yet can they not be satisfied without publike allowance, and Exercise thereof under the Romish Authoritie, which they striue to haue supreame; and what kind of subjection can bee ex∣pected at the hands of any such Papists, may appeare, for that some of great qualitie in Mounster, did about the middest of this moneth, purposely send certaine Priests to Rome, to purchase absolution from the Pope, for the sinne that they Committed, in not entring into pub∣like Hostilitie with the rest; and because they saw that the Queene could not bee violently dispossessed of Ireland, did likewise intreat a

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dispensation from overt action, but yet to live unchangeably in the Catholike Religion, and to be permitted in outward temporall o∣bedience her Majesties Subjects. Consider therefore I say, the du∣tifull Alleagiance of these men, whose obedience depends upon the Popes allowance.

Sir George Thornton had in garrison at Kilmallock,* 18.1 Captaine Fran∣cis Slingsby, with the Presidents Company, Paul Arundle, with the Lord Audleys, Captaine Dillon, and Captaine O Reilly, with their Foot Companies, and Captaine Greame with his Troope of Horse, to whom intelligence was brought upon Tuesday being the sixteenth of September,* 18.2 that the Rebells Iames fits Thomas, and his complices, were that day to passe from Conniloe, to the huge Fastnesse of Ar∣logh: Whereupon Captaine Greame instantly drew forth (with his Troope) towards the said Fastnesse; Order being likewise taken, that the Foot should hasten after with all possible speed; Captaine Greame making extraordinary haste, suddenly espied their Forces somewhat neere the wood; but before they could recover the same, hee gaue them a Charge, and at the very first possessed himselfe of their Carriage, and killed all those that guarded the same: Heere∣upon the Rebells (having foure Colours) in defence of their Carri∣age, drew towards him, and gaue him a charge, which hee an∣swered with his Horse; and by this time a Sergeant of Captaine Dillons, with some light shott, were come up, and delivered a Vol∣ley in their teeth, which killed divers of them, and slewe Pierce Lacie his horse under him: Hereupon Captaine Greame charged their Battalion home to the Colours, which they resisted; but at his second charge, he brake cleane through them, and they betooke themselues to running, and our men to killing; and surely had not our Horse been over-wearied with their long forrey before they came to fight, and our Foot tyred and out of breath to come up, there had not one man escaped aliue: But as it was, there were slaine at this skirmish of the Rebells, at least one hundred and twentie, whereof one halfe were of their best men, amongst whom was Desmonds base sonne, T••g O Kelly, and Hugh O Kelly, Captaines of the Bownoghs, whose heads were the next day pre∣sented to the President at Moyallo: There were (besides these) a∣boue fourescore dangerously wounded; wee tooke from them one hundred and fiftie Pikes and Peeces, besides many Swords, Targets and Skeines; we got fourt••e Horses and Hackneys, and at least three hundred Garrans laden with baggage, to the value (as was repor∣ted) of fiue hundred pound, together with all their prey of sheepe and covves, except some few that ranne into the woods, being fea∣red with the crie of the people, and noise of the shot and drummes.

The greatest losse that wee sustained was in Horse; for Captaine Greame lost sixteene Horse, the Lord Audley had a Serjeant slaine, and there were sixe more wounded, but not mortally; one of Cap∣taine Greames troope took the Archtraytor Desmonds Ensigne, which the Captaine perceiving, he stooped downe to reach the Colours, but at an instant receiving a blowe with a Peece upon the reines of his backe, vvas not able to recover them, being rescued with sixe Pike-men.

This Disaster proved so fatall to the vsurping Earle, that although of the sixe hundred Foote hee brought with him, foure hundred did still remaine able to fight; yet could hee never afterward gather one hundred of these to a Head; for some gat into Connaght, some into Vlster, and in fine, every man to his owne home, leaving the Earle to a desperate fortune; who now perceived that the Provincials sub∣mitted themselues daily to the President, and the strangers returned into their severall Countries; and that no aide approached either from the South or North, by Sea, nor Land, was compelled toge∣ther with Iohn his Brother, Maurice Mac Thomas, Pierce Lacy, and the Knight of the Glyn, to leaue the Countrie of Corke, and to fly into Tipperary and Ormond, and from thence, Iohn fits Thomas hasteth to Vlster.

CHAP. XIIII.

Supplies of Foote sent from England. Osulevan More sent by the Lord Deputie to the Lord President. The Castle of Glancoyne surprised by Sir Francis Barkley. Florence Mac Carties Wife and Followers perswaded him to goe to the Lord President. The young Earle of Desmond arrived at Yoghall. A Letter from Her Majestie to the Lord President. Her Maiesties Letters Patents for Iames Fitz-Gerald to be Earle of Desmond.

THE Lords of the Councell of England, by their Let∣ters bearing Date the twentie seventh,* 18.3 advertised the President, that there was sixe hundred Foote in a readi∣nesse to be sent to Corke, to supply the Armie; and for that many Souldiers daily arrived in England by Passe∣ports from their Captaines onely: They gaue the President a straite Charge, to take order with all the Maritime Townes, that no Soul∣dier should be transported out of any of them, without a Passe un∣der his owne Hand and Seale; and the last of the same, he had di∣rections from their Lordships, that good Bands with Sureties should be taken upon all Merchants of Ireland, which traded with Spaine or France, not only for their owne good behaviours and loyalties,

when they were beyond the Seas, but to all such Passengers as they should carry with them, which was presently put into execution.

Dermond O Conner at his late being in Mounster, had caused Osule∣van More, a man aboue sixtie yeares of age, and yet never knowen to be in action against Her Majestie; neither in Iames fits Maurice his Warres, nor in the old Earle of Desmonds, nor in this last Rebellion: This man I say, Dermond O Conner had taken Prisoner not without Consent and Councell of Florence Mac Cartie, because he refused to pay Bonnaght unto the Connaght men: Captaine Tirrell by force or fraud (I know not whether) tooke the Prisoner from him, and caried him into the North, who escaped out of the Vlster mens hands, was taken by Sir Theobald Dillon of Connaght, and presented to the Lord Deputie, by whom hee is committed to the Castle of Dublin, untill his estate should be further knowen; and not long af∣ter he sent him to the Earle of Ormond,* 18.4 to be sent by him to the Pre∣sident, to be disposed of according to his discretion: He being about this time come to Corke, raileth bitterly against Florence, ascribing both the beginning and continuance of his troubles to him, and re∣lating to the Councell such intelligence, as hee had learned in those parts where he had beene detained, returneth into his owne Coun∣trey.

The Arch-rebels, Iames fits Thomas Fits Maurice, and the Knight of the Glyn, not finding (as it should seeme) the entertainement they expected in my Lord of Ormonds countrey; or rather, notinten∣ding at the first to make any long stay there; but onely that thereby the President might thinke them quite gone, and so make no further inquirie after them; did in the beginning of this Moneth of Octo∣ber,* 18.5 steale backe into the Countie of Limerick, yet not so privily, but the President had intelligence thereof;* 18.6 for it was signified unto him, the fourth of this instant, that Desmond was about Arlogh, having not aboue fiue in his Company, and two of them came lately from the Pope, with promise of Succours, which came too late for his turne, as hereafter shall be shewed.

In the meane time our Garrisons prospered so well,* 18.7 that Sir Fran∣cis Barkley got the Castle of Glancoyne in Connilogh, burning, and spoyling great store of Corne in those parts; and Sir Charles Wilmot in Kerry prevailed so farre, that Castlemange held by Thomas Oge, and Listoell defended by Fits Maurice, were the only two Castles held against her Majestie, which were both regained within short time; and Captaine Flower at Lysmore, wrought miracles against the Re∣bels in those parts, as Sir Richard Aylward wrote to the President. But Florence Mac Cartie, notwithstanding his manifold Letters, stuf∣fed with abominable oathes, came not (as yet) to the President, nor

indeed minded he to come (as it was reported) had not his Wife and some of his Countrey,* 18.8 in a manner compelled him thereunto; for she refused to come to his Bed, untill he had reconciled himselfe to Her Majestie; saying that she knew in what manner her Father had that Earledome from her Highnesse; and though she be not pleased to bestow the same wholly upon her, yet she doubted not to obtaine some part thereof; but if neither of these could bee gotten, yet was not she minded to goe a begging either unto Vlster nor into Spaine; and to confirme this report, it was certainely knowen, that she with the helpe of her friends, kept the Castle of the Lough in Desmond by force from him.

Her Majestie having evermore had a determination,* 18.9 to send Iames fits Gerald, Sonne unto the late Earle of Desmond attainted in Ire∣land; and having found by experience, that the attempt which Der∣mond O Conner made in the apprehension of Iames fits Thomas, was at his Wifes suite, in hope thereby to obtaine the restitution of her Brother to his old Title of Earle of Desmond, and also unto some state of Inheritance for his maintenance; did now resolue to put her determination in effect, hoping that his presence in Ireland, would draw the ancient Followers of the Earle of Desmond (his Father) from Iames fits Thomas the supposed Earle; and therefore releasing him out of the Tower (where from his infancie he had beene Priso∣ner) shee not onely admitted him to her presence, but stiled him Earle of Desmond, and sent him conducted into Ireland by Captaine Price, a sober, discreet Gentleman, and an ancient Commander in the Warres,* 18.10 who landed with his charge at Youghall the fourteenth day of October, from thence he brought him to Moyallo to the Pre∣sident; upon the eighteenth,* 18.11 where from Her Majestie he presented to his Lordship the young Earle; Her Majesties Letters, and Letters Pattents under the great Seale of England for his restitution in blood and Honour; both which Letter and Letters Pattens, I thinke it not unnecessary to set downe the true Copies, which were as followeth.

A Letter from her Maiestie to the Lord President.

ELIZAB. R.

TRustie and Welbeloved,

wee greet you well: Wee haue now at the last resolved to send over Iames fits Gerald into Mounster, after long debate with Our selfe what accidents might follow thereupon; wherein although there might be many doubts, to what hee may bee inveagled in times to come, yet that opinion which wee conceiue of his owne good nature and disposition to gratefulnesse, for this high benefit which hee receiveth, together with the orderly course which we intend shall bee observed in the raysing, and disposing his For∣tune, doeth make us lesse doubtfull of that mischiefe, then wee are for the present of some other scorne, which we shall receiue, if by our sending him over, and your resolution to restore him, no such effect should follow, as might be answerable to that which is expected: In which consideration, although we know there are many of Opinion, that the way to draw greatest things by him, were to raise him high at first (because it will make those cleaue to him the faster) yet will we follow therein Our owne resolution, which is rather to proceed in such a case by degrees, then in any suddaine, without reasonable caution and reserva∣tion: For the first step therefore, wee haue now sent him over by Captaine Price, (a trustie and discreet Person) to deliver him safely into your hands, whereas wee know the keeping of him in any state of a Prisoner, would wholly overthrow the worke, and multiply the jealousies of those who judge all others by themselues; So in respect that you are in place where all cir∣cumstances are clearest knowen, and that the change of causes altereth Councels: Know this from Vs, That we shall never disallow it, if you in your discretion finde it necessarie (at any

time) that you doe abridge him of any libertie, or any favour now afforded him: For as wee haue much the rather assented to send him over, and place him there, because you haue had your part in the Counsell: So doe wee referre the managing of him to your discretion: for his maintenance during his abode there, there are but two wayes, the one to bestow Lands vpon him with an habitation: the other to maintaine him out of our owne purse with a pension. In the first there must be time to consider where to seat him: for the second, because it is a thing that must be done, and that he must be maintained with a con∣venient attendance, that they may not scorne him, and that hee hath one or two sisters, whom we had rather should depend vpon himselfe, then bee matched with any other that were ill affected, (whereof many there bee that would bee glad to fortifie them∣selues by them.) Wee doe heereby giue you order, to peruse the Numbers you haue, and where you finde any unprofitable Captaine that hath a weake band, that you doe presently ca∣shiere the same, and to imploy part of that charge, which was formerly bestowed in that Band, towards the maintenance of him and his, as you shall see requisite, without further charging vs, and the same to continue, vntill wee may see how to resolue of some convenient Habitation for him, that they may see hee is to bee seated amongst them, with a competent portion of li∣ving, where he may be a stay to Our service. And now because wee know the Countrey will thinke him unlikely to stead them that shall follow him, if they bee not assured that hee shall haue the Title, (which is a matter they doe so much affect to follow) Wee haue heerewith sent you a Patent of his Earledome, to the intent that you may assure all that are diffident of our per∣formance; and yet Wee can be content, they plainely doe un∣derstand also, that if they shall not actually, and substantially performe those Services, which may deserue this extraordina∣rie clemencie, and giue us cause to consummate the rest: Wee both can and will quickly recall all that is hitherto perfor∣med: for which purpose wee doe heereby commaund you, to

advertise Vs, what is effected for him, by this demonstratiue acte of Ours, and then to receiue our pleasure, before the Patent bee delivered out of your handes; although for the present you may let it bee shewed to any such persons as you shall see cause, to assure by viewe of the same, and thereby make them perceiue how vnjustly Wee haue beene slaundered, by those that should possesse the world, that Wee haue no desire or end, but to extirpate as well the Innocent, as the con∣trary of that Nation, seeing Wee are contented to rayse the Sonne of that Father, that had committed so notorious crimes. For as much as Wee doe hold it convenient, that the Archbishopp of Cassell should not bee in any sort kept in extremitie: Wee would haue you convert tenne dead payes of Foote to his use, parcell of that hundred which is appoynted to bee cashiered for the maintenance of Iames Fits Gerald; Wherein likewise Wee would haue consideration helde of poore, and some maintenance for the wife of Dermond O Conner; All these allowances to bee borne by the Cashiering of that Companie, and to bee ordered according to your dis∣cretion, because Wee would not haue apparant penury to sur∣prize any of these that haue entered so deepely, although the fruites are yet ungathered, which is the time when they must bee further rewarded. Wee haue likewise given order to the Deputie, to make an allowance of fortie shillings a weeke to the Archbishop, in nature of Dead Payes to Preachers, in lieu whereof hee may stay the pension of some other, who is not so necessarie to be provided for: Having now assented to doe that you haue advised, Wee leaue it to be ordered according∣ly to your discretion, assuring you, that wee are still of opinion, if you use not this Patent well, that they will bee lesse greedy to dispatch any businesse for Vs, then they would haue beene, if we had not gone on so hastily with theirs: But wee repose such trust in you, as we thinke our Honour and safetie of that Pro∣vince in safe hands, for so much as faith and discretion can se∣cure, to whom wee render condigne thankes for the good proofe

you haue hitherto made of them both. The Bishop is not vnfit to frequent the young Gentleman; and therefore, that credit which is fit, let him haue, and let your proofe of his zeale, ex∣cuse other of his indiscretions.

Given at our Mannor of Otlands the first of October, 1600.

Ro. Cecill

Her Majesties Letters, Patents for Iames fits Gerald, to bee Earle of Desmond.

ELIZABETH Dei Gratia, Angliae, Franciae, & Hiberniae Regina, fidei Defensor, &c. Archiepiscopis, Ducibus, Marchionibus, Comitibus, Vicecomitibus, Epis∣copis, Baronibus, Iusticiarijs prepositis, Ballivis, Ministris, & omnibus alijs fidelibus suis salutem. Cum non ita pridem Gerot nuper Comes Desmondae, Cuius proavos ob praeclaras suas erga Rempublicam res gestas, progenitores nostri Regij Comitum titulo or narunt, infandi in nobis Coro∣nam{que} nostram perduellionis attinctus generis sanguinis{que} sui nobilitatem viciauerit, totum{que} illud dignitatis nomen penitus aboleverit. Ea tamen sem∣per fuit nostra ad clementiam propensitas atque ad ignoscendum Regia faci∣litas, vt in tota imperij nostri moderatione in hujusmodi proditor' posteros, non modo, non summo jure vsi sumus, sed etiam eos (meritis suis non obstan∣tibus) ijsdem quibus reliquos subditos nostros favoribus & praemijs affece∣rimus. Eaque de causa nos sumptibus nostris properijs, Iacobum fits Ge∣rald filium prefati Gerot natu maximum aluimus, omni{que} apparatus & educationis genere homine tam nobili orto non indigno institui cur avimus: Non ferentes delicta mala meriti patris, in bono indolis filio castigari. Et quoniam idem Iacobus ita vere virtutis & nobilitatis insignijs preditus est, vt merito illum & nobis & Coronae nostrae omni fidelitate inseruitur, ac Patriae suae summo futurum ornamento speremus, si honoribus dignitatis{que} titulis per patrem nuper amissis insigniretun. Sciatis igitur, quod nos de gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia & mero motu nostris, prefatum lacobum fits Gerald in Comitem Desmoniae, in Regno nostro Hiberniae ereximas, perfecimus, & creavimus; Ac per presentes erigimus, perficimus, & creamus; Et ei nomen, statum, stilum, titulum, honorem et dignitatem Comitis Desmoniae, Loro & suffragio, in Parliamentis nostris in praedicto Regno nostro Hiberniae, tenendum, sicut & eodem modo quo praedictus Ge∣rot,

jam ultimus Comes, aliquo tempore ante attinctur am suam praedictam, habuit, seu habere debuit, seu consuevit, Cum omnibus alijs & singulis pre∣heminencijs, honoribus, ceteris{que} quibuscun{que} huiusmodi, statui, & dignita∣ti Comitis Desmoniae, temporibus retroactis pertinent' seu spectant', da∣mus & concedimus, per presentes: Ipsum{que} statu stilo honore & dignitate Comitis Desmoniae per Cincturam gladij insignimus & realiter nobilita∣mus. Habendum & tenendum nomen, statum, titulum, honorem & Digni∣tatem Comitis Desmoniae praedict'. Cum omnibus & singulis preheminen∣cijs, honoribus, suffragijs, & ceteris premissis quibuscun{que}, praefato Iacobo fits Gerald, & Heredibus masculis de corpore suo legitime procreatis, & procreandis, imperpetum. Quoniam autem Comitis Dignitat', convenire putamus, vt qui ejusdem dignisat' à patre, out alio parente successionem proximam expectet, aliquo inferioris dignitatis titulo decoretur, proinde de vberiori gratia nostra volumus, & concedimus, pro nobis Heredibus & Suc∣cessoribus nostris, quòd quilibet Heres masculus de corpore dicti Iacobi fits Gerald legitime, procreat', qui successionem in dict' Comitate velut prox∣imiore gradu expectet, & pro Hered' apparente, juxta tenorem huius con∣cessionis nostrae ••a••eatur, Baro de Inchequin in Comitatu Corke, in dicto Regno nostro Hibernae durante ejus vita, qui praedict' dignitat' Com' obti∣net perpetuis futuris temporibus vocetur & appelletur, ac nomine, stilo, statu dignitat' & preheminencijs Baronis de Inchequin, eodem pro tempore gan∣deat & vtetur. Et hoc abs{que} fine, seu feodo, solvend' in hamperio nostro seu alibi, ad vsum nostrum quoquo modo, Eo quod expressa mentio de certitudine premissorum, five eorum alicuius, aut de alijs don••s fiue concessionibus per nos seuper aliquem Progenitorum nostrorum, praefato Iacabo fits Gerald, an∣te haec tempora fact' in presentibus minime fact' existit, aut aliquo Statuto, Actu, Ordinatione, Provisione, siue Restrictione, in Contrarium inde ante∣hac habit' fact' edict' ordinat', sine provis••, hand aliqua alia re causa vel ma∣teria quacun{que} in aliquo non obstante. In cujus rei Testimonium has Lite∣ras nostras fieri fecimus Patentes.

Teste me ipsae apud Otlands, primo die Octobris Anno Regni nostri Quadragesimo secundo.

Peripsam Reginam.

It was thought by all men, that the comming of this young Lord into Ireland, would haue bred a great alteration in the Province, and an absolute revolt of all the old Followers of the House of Desmond from Iames fits Thomas, but it proved of no such consequence: For the President to make triall of the disposition and affection of the young Earles kindred and Followers, at his desire consented that hee should make a Iourney from Moyallo into the Countie of Lime∣rick, accompanied with the Archbishop of Cashell, and Master Boyle Clearke of the Councell (a person whom the Lord President did re∣pose

much trust and confidence in, and with whom he then commu∣nicated, and advised about his most secret and serious affaires of that Government;) And to Master Boyle his Lordship gaue secret charge, aswell to obserue the Earles waies and cariage, as what men of quali∣ty or others made their addresse unto him, & with what respects and behaviour they caried themselues towards the Earle; who came to Kilmallock upon a Saturday in the Evening, and by the way, and at their entry into the Towne, there was a mighty concourse of people, insomuch as all the Streets, Doores and Windowes, yea the very Gutters and tops of the Houses were so filled with them, as if they came to see him, whom God had sent to bee that Comfort and De∣light, their foules and hearts most desired, and they welcomed him with all the expressions and signes of Ioy, every one throwing upon him Wheat and Salt (an ancient Ceremony vsed in that Province, up∣on the Election of their new Majors and Officers) as a Prediction of future peace and plenty: That night the Earle was inv••ted to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to Sir George Thorntons, who then kept his House in the 〈…〉〈…〉 and although the Earle had a Co••ard of Souldiers, which made a Lane from his lodgings to Sir George Thornetons 〈◊〉〈◊〉 yet the confluence of people that flockt thither to see him was so great, as in halfe an houre he could not make his passage thorough the crowd; and after Supper he had the like encountere at his returne to his lodg∣ing. The next day being Sunday, the Earle went to Church to heare divine Service; and all the way his Countrey people vsed loud & rude dehortations to keepe him from Church, unto which he lent a dease eare; but after Service and the Sermon was ended, the Earle comming forth of the church, was railed at, & spet upon by those that before his going to Church were so desirous to see and salute him: Insomuch, as after that publike expression of his Religion, the Towne was clee∣red of that multitude of strangers, and the Earle from thence forward, might walke as quietly and freely in the Towne, as little in effect followed or regarded as any other private Gentleman: This true relation I the rather make, that all men may obserue how hatefull our Religion and the Professors thereof, are to the ruder and igno∣rant sort of people in that Kingdome: For from thence forward none of his Fathers followers, (except some few of the meaner sort of Free-holders) resorted unto him; and the other great Lords in Mounster, who had evermore beene overshadowed by the great∣nesse of Desmond, did rather feare then wish the advancement of the young Lord: But the trueth is, his Religion, being a Protestant, was the onely cause that bred this coynesse in them all: for if hee had been a Romish Catholike, the hearts and knees of all degrees in the Province would haue bowed unto him: Besides, his comming was

not well liked by the Vndertakers, who were in some jealousie, that in after times he might be restored to his Fathers Inheritances, and thereby become their Lord, and their Rents (now payed to the Crowne) would in time be conferred upon him. These conside∣rations assured the President, that his personall being in Mounster would produce small effects, but onely to make tryall what pow∣er hee had.

CHAP. XV.

The juggling of Florence Mac Cartie. Supplies of Men and Apparell sent into Moun∣ster. The submission of Florence Mac Cartie. A skirmish betweene the Mac Carties, and the Oleries. Olery slaine. A Letter from Redmond Burke to the Lord President.

THE President attempted by his meanes the getting of Castle Mange, a Castle of her Majesties, in the which before, and at the beginning of the Warre, shee had a Ward surprised by the supposed Desmond, and left by him in the custodie of Thomas Oge, as afore∣said, which by his negotiation with the said Constable, was at last rendred unto him, together with Pierce Lacie his two sonnes, which were kept as pledges therein; and this was all the service that hee did or could doe, during his abode in Ireland: And that worke of his Florence Mac Cartie used all his wit and policie to pre∣vent and overthrow: for at the very instant when Thomas Oge (who had the keeping of Castle Mange, and Pierce Lacies sonnes as pled∣ges therein) had faithfully assured the yeelding up thereof, and of the aforesaid Pledges to the Lord President; (Florence being then enter∣tained by the President in his house at Moyallo, and as fast bound un∣to him by many benefits and favours, as Florence was by the stron∣gest oathes and vowes that any Christian could be obliged by) gott some secret hint that Castle Mange was by Thomas Oge to be yeelded up to her Majestie; who well foreseeing what reputation it would bring to Desmond, and how much it would make up towards the hastening of his owne ruine, if that Fort were once regained, and an English Garrison placed there, he presumed, and that in the Pre∣sidents owne house, where he was so graciously used and entertai∣ned, to write his effectuall and earnest Letters to the said Thomas Oge, assuring him, that Redmond Burke, and Captaine Tirrell were on their way with great Forces to set Mounster on fire againe, disswa∣ding him from keeping his promise with the President and the young Earle of Desmond, promising, and binding his promises with

damnable oathes, that he would presently revictuall the Ward of Castle Mange for three moneths, pay them the Arrear of all their vvages, and that he would giue Thomas Oge and his Heires for ever, six Plowlands of his owne Inheritance, so he would not deliver up Castle Mange. And these Letters were by the watchfulnesse of Master Boyle intercepted and delivered to the President. And from thenceforward after Florence knew his Letters were intercepted, and his treacheries more and more discovered. But all this while it was a world to see how Florence plaied fast and loose,* 20.1 betweene the President and the Governour of Kerry: For when the President sent to haue him come to him, then he answered, that he was within few dayes to meete with the Governour of Kerry by a former ap∣pointment; if Sir Charles sent for him, then he was shortly to repaire to the President, and so deluding both, he would come to neither: His stay was (as we haue shewed) because he purposed to stand out, and for that cause had the last Moneth before planted as it was re∣ported, some number of Bownoghs in his Countrey; but the gover∣nors people, upon one side, and these his Bownoghs on the other side, had by this time so harried and consumed his Countrey, as he found the same unable longer to maintaine his Mercenaries; and therefore delayed with good words to gaine longer time, for it was common∣ly spoken among the Protectees, and Captaine Taffe wrote so much to the President from Kilkenny, that Redmond Burke and Captaine Tirrell, with all the Forces they could gather in Connaght, and Lin∣ster, would make an other incursion into Mounster, so soone as the Lord Deputie should returne from the North, which was expected very shortly, because the time of the yeare would breed many diffi∣culties and inconveniences in his longer stay: Whether it were this bruite, or the hearking after a Ship, to arriue in those parts, which might transport him beyond Seas, that occasioned his delatory excu∣ses, I know not; But sure I am, that they proceeded not from any loyall or dutifull mind.

The beggerly Earle in the meane time, lurked in the Woods with some two or three in his Company, sometimes in Arlogh, sometimes in Drumfinnin, but most in the Countie of Typperrarie, where hee had much kindred by his Mothers side: The President had intelli∣gence every day where hee lodged the night before, but never untill he was departed, and had left the place; not but that the Countrey could haue reported aswell where he is, as where he had beene, but they were possessed with such a superstitious folly, & so terrified with the Priests Thunderbolts of Excommunication; as they adjudged him unavoidably damned, that should ruinate such a principall Pil∣ler of the Catholike action: And Fits Maurice was in little better

case; for although since his returne into Mounster, himselfe with the Knight of the Glyn, had assembled some fower score in the Fa••tnesse of Clanmorris, who guarded their Corne that should maintaine them for the yeere following: Yet Sir Charles Wilmot marching twelue miles through their Woods, being directed by a trusty Guid, came suddenly upon them, and slew sixtie of them; the two Princi∣pals escaping very narrowly: After the killing ended they scow••ed the Woods, and finding great store of Corne therein, they burnt the same, and returned with the Armes of all the dispersed Kerne. Pierce Lacy had so well bestirred himselfe in his negotiation, with those of Ormond and Ossery, that of the Ormond and Ossery men, with the Purcels & Omaghers, he had reinforced himselfe with fiue hundred men, and being now joyned with Redmond Burke, who had one thousand Foote and sixtie Horse (as was credibly informed) drew their Forces into O Carrels Countrey, threatning daily) to invade the small Countie of Limerick, which bordered upon them, but their stay (as was reported) depended upon the returne of Iohn of Des∣mond, who was expected with Forces out of the North. But Tyrone was so well set a worke, by the honourable, painefull, and prospe∣rous proceedings of the Lord Deputie, as hee had enough to doe in defending his owne Countrey, much lesse could he spare any Forces for other parts.

In September last, mention is made that the Lords of the Coun∣cell had promised to send unto the President sixe hundred Foote for the supplying of his Armie,* 20.2 which accordingly arrived at Corke, as appeareth by the Presidents Letters written to then Lordships, dated the fiue and twentieth of this Moneth of October, and with them three hundred and fiftie. Winter suites of apparell.

But to returne againe to Florence Mac Cartie,* 20.3 after all the tergiver∣sations before mentioned, and many other too tedious to be inserted, finding all his Neighbours to haue submitted themselues, and his owne Followers, so much impoverished by the Warres, desirous to doe the like; was contented (Tandem aliquando) to repaire to the President lying at Moyallo, bringing some forty Horse in his Com∣pany, and himselfe in the middest of his Troope (like the great Turke amongst his Ianisaries) drew towards the House (the nine and twentieth of October)* 20.4 like 〈◊〉〈◊〉 higher by the head and shoul∣ders then any of his Followers; upon his submission, the President as having forgotten all former matters, gaue him kind entertaine∣ment, being indeed heartily glad of his pre••ence, as hoping thereby, tha•• these Warres of Mounster were brought to a finall end; to se∣cure him therefore to the State, the President demanded his Eldest Sonne in pledge, who being unable to take so long a Iournie by the

indisposition of his body (as Florence protested) he left two others; the one his base Brother, who had spent many yeeres in France, Spaine and Hungary; and the other his foster Brother, both which he had in very precious esteeme. Florence requested that those pled∣ges might suffice for the O Sulevans, the O Donoghes, the O Crowlie••, and Omaghon Carbry: But hereunto the President would by no per∣swasion bee drawen to condiscend; and that especially for two cau∣ses; the one was, that hereby he might draw from Florence this great rabble of Dependants; and the second was, because every of these being compelled to put in pledges for themselues, the Queene might haue the stronger assurance of these wavering and slippery Subjects.

The Province being reduced to this passe (as you haue heard) the Irish having now no other Enemy to oppugne,* 20.5 beginne to goe toge∣ther by the eares amongst themselues, for certaine of Donoghe Moyle Mac Cartie (sonne to Sir Owen Mac Cartie Reughe) his people, fol∣lowing the track of some Cowes, that had beene stollen from them into Muskerry, the Oleries assembled themselues to the number of one hundred or thereabouts, and following the Carties, (who were by this time returned into Carbery;) at last overtooke them, and without many words gaue the On-set, the other stoutly resisted, be∣tweene whom there passed a short, but a sharpe skirmish, wherein were slaine Olerie,* 20.6 the Head of that Sept, and ten other the chiefe of his family, with some more of lesse note, and of the Carties, Finin Mac Owen his Brother dangerously wounded, with some few slaine of his part. Cormock Mac Dermond Lord of Muskery, much grieved with the slaughter of the Oleries his Followers, was an earnest Sutor to the Councell, that he might be permitted, to revenge this losse up∣on the Carties in Carbery; some there were that thought it not un∣fit to accord unto his demands; because which party soever should prevaile, yet could not the Queene loose a good Subject: But the President would by no meanes yeeld thereunto, lest the hot prosecu∣tion of these particular grievances, might kindle the coales of some further mischiefe, in giving occasion of distast to the now reconciled Subjects.

Redmond Burke being weary of his vagabond life, living like a Woolfe upon every one from whence he could take any thing, or ra∣ther wittingly foreseeing the ruine and destruction of those his Con∣federats, which were in rebellion, of whose fortunes he was in all likelihood to be a Partaker, wrote a Letter to the President dated the thirtieth of October, which because it is but short I doe here insert.

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A Letter from Redmond Burke to the Lord President.

RIght Honourable, I doubt not the detestable and apparant wrong, that the Earle of Clanrickard hath done mee, is manifestly knowen to your Lordship already, as I need not larger to expresse it; but this I am sure, that the tolleration thereof, and that I would not otherwayes bin caused to runne this course, and if there were any hope of redresse, that I would long ere this be a Subject, and will now shew my selfe worthy to be accepted, if I be entertai∣ned, and my Fathers Lands seized into your Honours hands, till my Title be tryed; This Countrey of Ely being in your Honours Pro∣vince, is a parcell to whom I make claime, wherein I would expect your Honour to right me first: And thus requesting your Honour to accept my service, and favour my right, I take leaue.

From Ely the thirtieth of October, 1600.

Your Honours as you please. Redmond Letrim.

The President much misliking the tenour of his Letter, as vvell for other reasons, as for capitulating for the Countrey of Ely O Carrell, before he had by his service merited any favour; and lastly, for the slight subscription, Your Honours as you please, returned him no An∣swer in writing, utterly refusing any further traffique with him, it being his custome not to deale with Traitors upon Conditions.

CHAP. XVI.

The Lord President sueth for a generall Pardon for the Provincialls. The Submission of Thomas Oge Fits Gerald, and the rendring of Castle M••nge. The Castle of ••••stoell besieged and taken. The Castle of the Dingle rendred.

THE Province of Mounster now growing to a peacea∣ble estate, the President, by his Letters of the second of November* 21.1 to the Lords of the Councell, humbly pray∣ed, that they would bee pleased to mooue her Majestie, that a generall Pardon might bee graunted unto all the Provincialls that desired the same,* 21.2 the lurking Earle, his Brother

[illustration]

Iohn fits Thomas, Pierce Lacie, and two other of good qualitie (who are yet living) onely excepted, for those he knew to be the most ma∣licious Traytors, and also her Majesties inclimation was no way bent to extend her mercie unto them: The reasons which mooved him to sue for this Generall Pardon, was principally the multitudes of the protected persons, who living from time to time upon protection, were not so assured to the State as they would bee, if they were pardoned; whereby the Government received much impe∣diment: and besides, there were many poore women and children, that had no abilitie to be at the charge of suing foorth of their par∣dons; and lastly, it was much desired by the Provincials themselues: Neverthelesse he added this caution, that if any of the Protectees did in this interim doe any treasonable act, that the President, with some foure or fiue of the Councell of the Province joyned with him, might haue power to denie them the benefit thereof, and also that Priests, and Romish religious persons, (which were the first inei∣ters of the Rebellion, and the continuall fomenters of the same) should likewise bee excepted. The opinion of the President had good allowance in England; yet for some private respects of com∣moditie to Officers, (as it may bee imagined) the motion of a gene∣rall Pardon tooke not the effect desired; but afterward, (as you shall heare) there was order given, that all such as the President would recommend, should haue the favour to sue out their Pardons.

In the beginning of November, a strong castle in Connilogh (which was held by Iames fits Thomas) was surprized by our Forces, so as hee had no other Castle at his devotion left, but Castle Mange.

The fourth of November,* 21.3 Thomas Oge fits Gerald, Constable of Castle Mange* 21.4 (for Iames fits Thomas) having evermore had a better affection unto the young Earle of Desmond Iames (lately sent by her Majestie into Ireland, as hath been declared) upon the Earles intrea∣tie and perswasions, came to Kilmallock, and there made tender of the said Castle unto the Earle, for her Majesties use. The Earle the next day brought him to Moyallo to the President, where hee made his submission, and direction was sent to Sir Charles Wilmot for the receit of the said Castle.

Sir Charles Wilmott knowing that Fits Maurice the Lord of Lix∣naw, had onely one Castle called Listoell,* 21.5 wherein to shelter him∣selfe, finding no other meanes to compasse the same, determined to besiedge it, and intimated so much to the President by his Letters, requesting his advice and allowance therein, who returned answer, That hee desired nothing more, then to haue that Castle gotten for the Queene, and for the manner, left the managing thereof wholly to his discretion. He sate downe before it upon the fifth of Novem∣ber,* 21.6

attempting to get it by a Myne; in the which after hee had wrought fiue or sixe dayes, and brought it underneath the Castle wall, being ready to make a bed for the placing of the powder, sud∣dainly the spring brake foorth in such abundance, as that worke be∣came fruitlesse: thereupon new ground was sought, which proved good, the foundation of the Castle was undermined, as farre as the middest of the Seller, which the Ward perceiving, made humble suit to bee permitted to depart with their liues, which Sir Charles abso∣lutely refused; but if they would simply render themselues, the Ca∣stle and all things in it to his discretion, hee would then stay further proceeding in his worke, otherwise they might looke within very few howers to bee blowen up. The Ward vvhich were eighteene in number, came forth, and upon their knees submitted themselues unto him, whom hee caused to bee apprehended; the women and small children hee suffered to depart, of the weaponed men he han∣ged nine, so many of ours being lost at the Siege, which continued more then three weekes; the residue hee detained, untill he had ac∣quainted the President with all these accidents, who gaue present or∣der for the execution of the rest; for they had beene all of them for∣merly protected, except one Sir Dermond Mac Brodie, a Priest, whose life was saved upon this occasion: It fortuned that within this Ca∣stle, at the rendring thereof, there was unknowen to Sir Charles, the Lord of Lixnawes eldest sonne, being a child of fiue yeares of age; the Warders upon their comming footh, disarrayed this child of all his cloathes, and having besmeared his face with dust and durt, com∣mitted him to an old woman, who bringing the Infant naked and disfigured at her backe, conveyed him away without suspition. Sir Charles receiving advertisement of this escape, sent out some Soul∣diers, and some Provincialls, (vvhom he most trusted) for the reco∣verie of him, but in vaine they all returned vvith lost labour: at last hee bethought himselfe, that peradventure some of the prisoners could direct him in the pursuit, and questioning the Priest concer∣ning the Child: Hee answered, that he could best resolue him, for that himselfe had given direction to the vvoman where shee should bestow the child, till shee might deliver him to his Father: Why then, saith Sir Charles, will you not conduct mee to him? Know you not, that it is in my power to hang you, or to saue you? Yes, and I assure you, if you will not guide mee to the place where hee lieth hidden, I vvill cause you to bee instantly hanged: The Priest answered, That it was all one to him, whether hee dyed this day, or to morrow; but yet if hee might haue his Word, for the sparing of his owne life, and the childes, hee would reveale his knowledge; otherwayes the Governour might doe his pleasure. Sir Charles,

though very unwilling to graunt the Priest his life, yet the earnest desire hee had to gett the child into his hands, caused him to agree thereto. The Priest being put into a Hand-locke, is sent with a Captaine, and a good Guard of Souldiers about this businesse, who guided them to a Wood sixe miles from the Castle, by reason of thicke bryers and thornes, almost unpassible, in the middest where∣of there is a hollow Cave within the ground, not much unlike by description to Cacus his denne, or the mouth of Avernus, in vvhich desolate place they found that old vvoman, and this young childe, whom they brougt to the Governour, and the Priest and childe w••re shortly after sent to the President. In this Castle were got∣ten all the Lord of Lixnaw his goods, besides store of provision for the Warre, vvho were plentifully provided for sixe moneths with such kind of victuall as the Countrey yeeldeth; and it was said, that the Baron himselfe would haue set up his rest in this Castle, which he held impregnable against any force, (the Cannon excepted;) but it should seeme his heart failed him, no lesse then his expectation. While these things were in doing, Sir Richard Percy drew his Company forth of Kinsale into Kinalmekagh,* 21.7 and there tooke a prey of two hundred Cowes, and got the killing of some Rebels.

In the beginning of this Moneth William fits Gerald, the Knight of Kerry, came to the President with a Letter in his favour from Sir Charles Wilmot, dated the thirtieth of October, wherein he witnessed for him, that (ever since he was received under protection) hee had demeanded himselfe, not onely like a good Subject, in doing no harme, but that he had endeavoured (to his uttermost) to annoy the Enemy, and had lately in token of his obedience, delivered unto Sir Charles his Castle at the Dingle:* 21.8 This testimony wrought so much with the President, as hee vsed him very kindly, and returned him home with great contentment.

Not long after the landing of the young Earle of Desmond in Ire∣land, the minds of the Provincials were much distracted, every one fearing what might be the successe thereof. But after a little while it appeared that he was able to doe but little. To the end that the Rea∣der might see, that at the first it did breed some distraction; I doe here insert a Letter unto Tyrone from Cormocke Mac Dermond, the Lord of the large Countrey of Muskry, who was never personally in actuall Rebellion, neither afore, nor after the Spaniards arrivall; the copie of which Letter came not to the Presidents hands, untill the latter end of the yeere one thousand sixe hundred and two, and he then pardoned, wherein it doth evidently appeare, what cancred hearts the better sort of Subjects, did beare to the Crowne of Eng∣land, and the English government.

CHAP. XVII.

A Letter from Cormocke Mac Dermond unto Tyron••. The Abbey of Rat••o burned, and fourti•• of the Bonoghs slaine. One thousand Bonoghs levied by Flo∣rence Mac Cartie. Connaght and Vlster men change their Resolution, for the in∣vading of Mounster, and th•• cause why. Dermond O Conner m••rdered by Theobald ne Long Burke. A 〈◊〉〈◊〉 f••••m the Ea••le of Clanrika••d to Theo∣bald ne Long.

A Letter from Cormock Mac Dermond unto Tyrone.

I Haue received your Letter of the twentieth of September, and doe thanke you for the great trust you repose in mee, which by the helpe of God shall bee by mee discharged to the uttermost of my power; But the English haue (in these parts) so much prevayled (by the sinister false dea∣ling of the Connaght men) as the President hath taken Pledges of most of the Gentlemen, and men of power in these parts. And besides, wee are so weake in men, as that wee are out of neces∣sitie constrained to yeeld to the yoke of the English Heretiques, from the which wee pray God to deliver us, according to our hearts desire; and therefore doe hope you will beare with our present ne∣cessities, being ready at all times to obey your directions, when you shall bee able to send us helpe; but because that we shall neither de∣ceiue you or our selues, we doe pray you to send us word, what num∣bers you will send us, and by what time, that accordingly wee may make our selues ready, to giue you our best assistance: But of one thing I thinke good to giue you particular notice, which is, not to put any confidence in any of Mounster, of the English Nation; for whatsoever they professe or protest unto you, they meane not to deale faithfully with us, but will forsake us in our greatest need. The newe•• of these parts are, that the Sonne of Geralt the late Earle is ar∣rived, unto whom, his Fathers old Followers doe much resort; hee is an Heretike, yet neverthelesse (by the helpe of the English) he will doe us great harme: The right Earle of Desmond is forsaken of all men, and not able to make Head, and the lesse hope of his rising a∣gaine by the comming of young Iames, who is the Queenes Earle, and hath a Patent for his Earledome; I pray your speedy Answer; in the meane time, I will dissemble with the President, who deales sharpely with us; the Letter which you sent with these to Mac Carty More, I haue sent unto him by a Messenger of my owne, who is

lately agreed with the President, and so we are deceived in him, and therefore he is not to be firmely trusted with the commandement of all the Clan-Carties.

Cormocke Cartie.

Sir Charles Wilmot (in the meane time) ma••ching to an Abbey in Kerry called Ratho,* 22.1 neere unto Lixnaw, assoone as his Colours were descried, was fired by the Enemy that lodged there; from thence with his Horse onely he marched ••o Tralie, where hee found one hundred Bonoghs of the O••••••llies, among whom was Moriertagh Mac Shighie, and three or foure more of the lurking Earles chiefest Followers on horsebacke; our Horse charged them, the Horsemen (by flight) saved themselues, but of the ••oo••e there was slaine about fourtie dead in the place, the rest by the ••avour of a neighbo••ring bogge, and the Mountaine at hand escaped, but all their Armes were left to our shares.

The perpetuall juggling which Florenc•• Mac Cartie continued to∣wards the Lord President,* 22.2 I haue so often touched as it needs no other proofe; but for the better Testimonie of his ill ••ffection to the State, even now when the Sugan Earle was in the estate of a fugitiue, hi∣ding himselfe from the sight of men, Florence (as the Lord Presi∣dent was advertised from Sir Charles Wilmot) had raysed one thou∣sand Bownoghs to bee placed upon Desmond, foure hundred u••on Kerry, and sixe hundred upon Carbry, and concludes with these words: Viz. assuredly hee purposeth to bee a Villaine, though hee could be contented to liue in neutralitie, as he doth, if he could cary it cleanely: Also at that time the Baron of Lixnaw (who was bani∣shed Kerry) was by him relieved in Desmond; but obserue well I beseech you this wavering and unsetled companion, who not know∣ing which way either to be a Subject or Rebell, not many dayes af∣terwards (as shall bee said) came to the President, with a smooth countenance full of Loyaltie, but inwardly the same man hee had ever beene.

Nothing was more common now in Mounster,* 22.3 then a bruite of the strangers from Connaght and Vlster, comming to invade the Province with two thousand men, and hereof the President received daily advertisement from the Earle of Thomond, the Lord Barry, Iustice Comerford and others; and to verifie the same, Pierce Lacy was come into the borders of Kilquig, and had preyed Glanogre, a Towne belonging to Sir George Bourchier, Master of the Ordnance, being a parcell of his Signiory, and then in farme to Alexander Fit∣ton; this caused the President to assemble the greatest part of his For∣ces

to Kilmallock, attending there to behold what should become of this Cloud which threatned such a dangerous Tempest, which at length vanished without any great disturbance; for about the midst of this Moneth, they withd••••w themselues into Ormond, within the Libertie of Tipperarie; the cause why they departed, before they had made any Bonfiers in Mounster (which was their arrand) as I haue since learned, was two fould. First because Redmond Burke could by no meanes bee drawen into the Province, being in expecta∣tion of great favour from the President, as appeareth by his Letters sent about this time, which because it is but short, and yet apparantly declareth this truth; I thought not unfit here to bee recited in his owne words.

RIght Honourable, I would long ere this be a Subject, and will now shew my selfe worthy to be accepted, if I be entertained, and my Fathers Lands seized into your Honours hands, till my Title bee tried; this Countrey of Ely O Carrell being in your Ho∣nours Province, is a parcell whereto I make claime, wherein I would expect your Honour to right me first; and thus requesting your Ho∣nour to accept my service, and favour my right, I take leaue

this ninth of November, 1600.

Your Honours as you please, Redmond Letrim.

The President, to hold Redmond (as I conceiue) in some hope, that hee might not joyne with the Northerne Forces (then expected to come into Mounster,) returned him answer to this effect, That his Demaunds seemed to bee somewhat reasonable, and that hee was very sorry, that it was not fully in his power to accomplish his request; Notwithstanding there was no doubt, but upon his Let∣ters already dispatched to the Councell of England, and to the Lord Deputie in his behalfe, such order should bee taken, as hee should hold himselfe well satisfied; and surely whether the President dealt plainely, and bona fide vvith the said Redmond, or whether hee fed him vvith good vvords onely (like a Courtier) to serue his owne turne, (I know not;) but if I might deliver my poore opinion, I thinke him to haue received some hard measure, (I meane in re∣spect of his Fathers Lands, upon whomsoever the fault lyeth; but to returne.

This Redmond commanding the greatest part of the Forces now assembled, depending this much upon the Presidents favour, (as by

his Letter appeareth) could by no allurements of these Mounster Re∣bels, bee inticed to commit any outrage within that Province: An o∣ther cause why these Rebels thus assembled came no further up into Mounster, was, because the wandring Earle Iames fits Thomas, who should haue given them Bonnaght in the Province, knowing that Lixnaw, Redmond Burke, Pierce Lacie, and all of them were growen wearie of the Rebellion, and that the President had commerce with all those, durst not commit himselfe into their power, they be∣ing so strong, and hee so poore and weake, fearing left they should haue delivered him, (being the marke the President chiefly aymed at) to worke their owne peace.

Dermond O Conner* 23.1 having now heard that the young Earle of Desmond (his Brother in law) was arrived in Mounster (according to the Presidents promise to him made, that he should come) was desirous that hee should repaire thither, with intent to doe some ac∣ceptable service for her Majestie; which being made knowen by the Lady Margaret his wife, the Lord President sent him a Safe-con∣duct for himselfe and his followers, and procured the like from Sir Arthur Sa••age, the chiefe Commissioner in Connaght, and also from the Earle of Clanrickard, to secure his passage through his Coun∣trey, and for his better safetie, he sent an hundred Foot to guard him as soone as hee should enter into Thomond: Hee being now past Clanrickard, and comming to Oshafnesses Countrey, within seven∣teene or eighteene miles of Limerick, Theobald ne Long Burke, who had a Company of an hundred Foot in her Majesties pay, (notwith∣standing all his Safe-guards) assaulted him, who for his safetie, reti∣red into an olde Church, burnt it over his head, and in comming foorth of the same, hee killed about fourtie of his men, and tooke him prisoner, and the morning following cut off his head: which being done, Theobald sent to the Earle of Clanrickard for a protecti∣on, pretending that what he did, was done in rev••nge of his Cousen the Lord Burkes death: But the Earle misliking the Action, in stead of a Protection, returned him this Letter insuing.

A Letter from the Earle of Clanrickard, to Theobald ne Long Burke.

I Doe understand that you haue yesternight assaulted Dermond O Conner and his Company, which is both a very mighty impeach∣ment of Her Majesties word, in respect the Gentleman had her gratious Protection and safe Conduct, from the Lord President of Mounster, and the Governour of this Province, for his safe passing, and a perpetuall slaunder and abuse unto me and my posteritie, con∣sidering

the Gentleman was ceased in my Countrie, and had my word at my very good Lord, the Lord President of Mounsters re∣quest, and the Governour of this Provinces direction, which I little expected to bee by you resisted, but rather imagined your comming into the Countrie, to doe better service upon Her Majesties enemies, which are daily threatning to come for us on all sides. But if in lieu thereof your service bee to murther a Gentleman that is drawen for good considerations, tending the advan••ement of Her Majesties ser∣vice, contemne her gratious protection which he hath, and offer the Lord President of Mounster, the Governour of this Province, and my selfe, the mightiest wrong and abuse that may be, I take it, such a coruse as I doe not doubt, your selfe and your house to bee thereby e∣ver overthrowne, and everlastingly liue hopelesse of any favour 〈◊〉〈◊〉 kindnesse of me, except you take such apt and present course, as to send the Gentleman unto me released, and all the rest of his people, as many as you haue in hand of them, with a full restitution of their goods; otherwayes thinke of me as the greatest Enemy you haue in this world, which with the permission of God, I will make you and yours feele, if you urge me thereunto; and so expecting to see the Gentleman from you with expedition without hurt, I leaue Doiehoway the foure and twentieth of October, 1600.

Your very loving Kinseman if you will, Vlick Clanrickard.

Whilest Dermond was in Rebellion, hee received no prejudice by Theobald ne Long; but now (being as hee knew) a man fast lincked to the State, and able to performe extraordinary service, he is trea∣cherously murdered to the great dishonour of Her Majestie, in viola∣ting Her word, solemnely and advisedly given: The Lord Presi∣dent was exceedingly incensed, against the Actors, Abettors and Procurers of this murder; writing his Letter both to the Lords of Her Majesties privie Councell in England, and also to the Lord De∣putie, and Councell of Ireland, signifying how much Her Majesties honour was blemished and the Service hindred, by this malitious and hatefull murther; who considering of the fact, besides sharpe rebukes and reprehensions, the Lord Deputie was commanded pre∣sently to casheere and discharge him both of his Command and En∣tertainement.

CHAP. XVIII.

Sessions held at Limericke, Cassell, and Clonmell. The Lord President and the Earle of Ormond meete at Clonmell. Muskry, Quirk and Arlogh burnt and spoyled by the Armie. The submission of the Burkes and the Obryens. The narrow escape of Iames fits Thomas, and Dermond Mac Craghe, the Popes Bishop of Corke. In what good estate the Province of Mounster stood. Mac Awley preyed by Sir Francis Barkley. A Mariage practised betweene the Lady Ione Fitz Gerald and O Donnell, but prevented by the Lord President.

NOtwithstanding, the retiring of these Rebels as you haue heard; yet the President thought it meete, to spend some time in those parts before his Armie should be reduced: In consideration whereof, finding it expe∣dient for furtherance of her Majesties service, that Sessi∣ons of Gaole delivery should bee held (as often as conveniently they might) that the Course of civill Iustice might againe bee renewed, whereunto of late yeeres they had not beene accustomed, the eigh∣teenth of November* 24.1 his Lordship left Kilmallock, and marched to Limerick,* 24.2 where hee kept Sessions, from thence to Cashell, and so to Clonmell, in both which places he did the like, doing exemplary iustice upon such Rebels, as had afore beene apprehended therea∣bouts. During the Sessions holden at Limerick (as aforesaid) the President sent a message to the Earle of Ormond, signifying unto him his purposed comming to Clonmell, wherein also hee besought his Lordship, that if it might stand with his leasure and good liking, it would please him to make a Iourney that way, to the intent that upon their meeting, some conference might be had about divers par∣ticularities concerning the service. The Earle accorded both to time and place, which was at Clonmell: The sixe and twentieth of November,* 24.3 amongst other matters (there consulted betwixt them) the President moved the Earle about some present order to be taken,* 24.4 for the prosecution of those Rebels, that had (now for a good space) remayned without impeachment in the borders of Ormond in Typ∣perarie; and for so much as his Lordship peradventure had not suffi∣cient Forces to displant them, he offered his owne service, with such Companies as he had there assembled, being the greatest part of the Armie of Mounster: The Earle either unwilling to haue the Presi∣dent set foote within his Liberty, or else desirous himselfe to haue the sole honour of that service; did entreate the President to satisfie him∣selfe concerning that busines, for he would undertake it; and that within few dayes, to make them repent that ever they set foote within his Libertie; which I thinke had immediately beene perfor∣med, had not the immature death of his most vertuous and honora∣ble

Lady: (the lamentable tydings whereof were now brought him to Clonmell, oppressing his aged heart with immeasurable sorrow) caused the same for a time to be deferred.

This service therefore thus undertaken by the Earle;* 24.5 the President having received certaine information, that the Mounster Fugitiues were harbored in those parts, having before burned all the Houses and Corne, and taken great preyes in Owny Omulrian, and Kilquig, a strong and fast Countrey, not farre from Limerick, diverted his For∣ces into East Clanwilliam, & Muskry-quirke where Pierce Lacy had lately beene succoured, and harrasing the Countrey, killed all man∣kind that were found therein, for a terrour to those as should giue Reliefe to runnagate Traitors; thence we came into Arloghe Woods, where wee did the like, not leaving behind us man, or beast, Corne or Cattle, except such as had beene conveied into Castles: The pro∣secution of this Service was committed to the care of Captaine Fran∣cis Slingesby,* 24.6 who had under his Command fiue hundred foote; whereupon the Burkes and Briens (that inhabited those places) came all upon their knees, beseeching to bee received into Her Maje∣sties gratious Protection, and promising to doe service upon any Re∣bels that should hide themselues in those Woods; who putting in their pledges were received to mercy.

In this Iourney it chanced there was a youth taken Prisoner,* 24.7 who had lately before beene servant to the imagined Earle, who being brought to the President and examined, tooke upon him to bring our Forces to the place where his Master was: The Earle of Thomond, Sir George Thornton, and Captaine Roger Harvy with their Compa∣nies following the direction of this Guid, were conducted to Lisbar∣ry, a parcell of Drumfinnim woods; no sooner were they entred into the Fa••tnesse, but presently the Sentinells which were placed in the skirt of the wood, raised the crie, which as it should seeme, row∣sed the counterfeit Earle of Desmond, and Dermond Mac Craghe the Popes Bishop of Corke, who were lodged there in a poore ragged Cabbin: Desmond fled away bare-foot, having no leasure to pull on his shooes, and was not discovered: but Mac Craghe was met by some of the Souldiers cloathed in a simple mantle, and torne trowses, like an aged Churle; and they neglecting so poore a crea∣ture not able to carry weapon, suffered him to passe unregarded: up∣on the end of this journey (by the wi••e and painefull proceedings of the President, (Gods blessing alwayes accompanying the same) it came to passe, that there was not one Castle in Mounster held out a∣gainst the Queene; Nay, which was more, it was not knowen that there were fiue Rebells in a companie throughout the Province, nor any one of note except these fiue (lost sheepe) the children of

perdition, Iames fits Thomas, and his Brother, Lixnaw, Pierce Lacie, and the Knight of the Glinne, who lay lurking in desart, uncouth, and unknowen places; yet notwithstanding there were divers va∣gabonds and loose people dispersed in sundry corners, for whom no man would undertake, that lived by stealth and badroagues, disquie∣ting the good Subjects, being the reliques of the rebellion.

The President by his Letters dated the fifteenth signified unto the Lords of the Councell,* 24.8 that now the Province was so much over∣awed by her Majesties Forces, that unlesse Northern Rebels came to infest it, or that the Spaniards did invade it, he was well able to con∣taine the Provincials in obedience;* 24.9 and although fiue hundred of his List was already cashier'd, he would at any time lend the Lo. Deputie one thousand Foot to serue in Linster, but with this caution (for countenance sake) that they might bee evermore (in estimation) of the List of Mounster; which if the Reader doe well obserue, he shall finde that the prosecution of the service in that Province, had succes∣ses beyond expectation: for in May last, when the President first tooke the field, the Rebels were no lesse then seven thousand strong, and now the Subjects Cattle day and night lay abroad in the fields, no Bodie of Rebels united, and not one castle in all the province that did withstand her Majestie: This was the vvorke of God, and unto him onely it must be attributed.

Her Majestie (as hath been said) did by her Letters to the President command, that one Companie of one hundred Foot should bee ca∣shier'd for the sustentation of the young Earle of Desmond, and of others vvhich vvere mentioned in that Letter: The Lords of the Councell likewise by their Letters bearing date the tenth of Novem∣ber, required the President to see the same performed; which being done accordingly (as was directed) the President by his Letters of the twentieth of this December,* 24.10 made an account how the partition was made; Now you must understand, that although one hundred Foot was discharged for the maintenance of the Earle, and the rest, yet her Majesties meaning was not that more should bee turned to that use, then the ready money which was payed to the Companie yearely for their Lendings, for their apparell was saved unto her Ma∣jestie, the yearely lendings of one hundred men amounts unto no more then seven hundred eightie two pound, two shillings, and ten pence. The Archbishop of Cassell, who was a principall Agent in stirring up Dermond O••Conner to make the attempt he did upon the titulary Earle, had for his share, one hundred twentie one pound, thirteene shillings and three pence; Iohn Power, who was one of the Hostages, (as hath been related) had thirtie sixe pound ten shil∣lings; the Lady Ellis, sister to the Earle, had thirtie three pound, sixe

shillings, eight pence, which was as much as her other sisters former∣ly had in pension from her Majestie: the Lady Margaret, the Earles sister also, and wife to Dermond O Conner, (in regard of her forward∣nesse to haue done the Queene service) had an hundred pound, and the remainder, which was fiue hundred fortie pound, twelue shil∣lings ten pence, was to the Earles owne use.

About the eighteenth of the same, Sir Francis Barkley* 24.11 finding good cause, and fitt opportunitie to plague Mac Awley, (and his Te∣nants, who under protection, relieved the heart-broken Rebells) with the Garrison which hee commanded at Askeiton, he harrassed all the Countrey of Clanowlie, and tooke from thence one thousand Cowes, two hundred Garrans, besides Sheepe and other spoyle, and had the killing of many Traitours, which harboured themselues in the bogs and woods thereof.

Whilest the President was holding Sessions at Limericke (as be∣fore) hee received notice, that Mary ni Shye, one that had been an old servant to the Countesse of Desmond, was in the Towne: but hee (suspecting her errand to haue been no other, but to see Iames the young Earle) seemed to take no knowledge thereof, to make triall whether the said Earle would acquaint him with such Letters, or Messages, as should bee brought from his mother: At the end of three dayes, the Earle related to the President, that such a woman was in Towne, whom he had seene that morning, and not before. The President answered, That her repayre to the Towne was knowen to him certaine dayes before, but desired to bee certified from him concerning the occasion of her comming; who replied, that her errand was to his Sisters, the Lady Ioane, and the Lady El∣len, and especially to the Lady Ioane,* 24.12 but himselfe had received nei∣ther Letter, Message, nor token by her. Whereupon the President suspecting some other cause of her comming, being so necessary a servant to the old Countesse, caused her to be brought before him and the Councell; and upon her examination it was found, that the especiall cause of her comming was to convey away the said La∣dy Ioane to her mother, and from thence to O Donnell, who had promised to consummate a Marriage with her, and for the same pur∣pose had himselfe written Letters to O Conner S••••go, her father in law (in being her mothers husband) to hasten her away. The Lady Ioan, upon her examination likewise confessed the same, but deni∣ed to yeeld any consent thereunto, without the advise of her Bro∣ther, whom (as shee said) shee purposed shor••ly to haue acquainted with this businesse. The old craftie Coun••esse understanding that this complot was discovered, pretended, that her indeavours in see∣king to effect this Marriage, tended to no other end, but to reduce

[illustration]

O Donnell to be a Subject, although indeed there was nothing lesse meant: The President and Councell upon the discovery, (for pre∣venting such mi••chiefe as they foresaw might arise by this marriage) committed the Lady Ioane to an Aldermans House, and Marie ny Shye (the said Countesse servant) close prisoner in the Goale, till time and occasion should minister further opportunitie to deale in that affaire of so great importance.

CHAP. XIX.

The Maior of Limerick fined and imprisoned, and a new Maior elected. A Letter from the Spanish Archbishop of Dublin to Iames fits Thomas. The S••eriffes men slaine by Florence Mac Cartie. The Lord President perswadeth Florence to goe into England. Florence seemeth to like of the motion, and the use he made of it.

THE Countrey being now reduced to that outward o∣bedience and conformitie (as you haue heard) the Pre∣sident and Councell returned unto Moyallo the thir∣teenth of December, where they had some leasure to looke in the Corporate Townes, whom they found to be principall ayders, abettors, and upholders of this unnaturall Re∣bellion, which proceeded partly out of malice to the State for mat∣ters of Religion, but principally for their owne benefit; for in these turbulent times, the greatest part of the Queenes Treasure sent over into this Kingdome, is expended by the Captaines and Souldiers a∣mongst them: Againe, they issue their Marchandise to the Rebells (underhand) at very excessiue rates, and buy the Countrey Com∣modities at their owne prizes; by reason whereof it was probably conjectured upon good grounds, that the Townes of Mounster were more inritched within these three yeares of Warre, then they were before almost in twentie yeares of peace. Another thing also at this time was noted in the Townes, namely, that all the chiefe Cities made choyse of professed Lawyers to be their Ma••ors, Magistrates, and chiefe Officers, and such as before were Ring leaders of their Corporations. These prepensed Elections, whether they vvere made for feare, left they should bee called to account for their for∣mer faults, both in assisting the Rebells, and resisting the Souldi∣ers, or to maintaine the Townes in obstinate superstition, which before was much a••gmented by these Instruments, or for some o∣ther hidden cause, knowen onely to themselues, I cannot certainely determine, but sure I am it proceedeth not from any loyall or duti∣full disposition. Amongst these lawlesse Lawyers thus elected, there

was one Geoffrey Gallway, Major of Limerick, a man that had spent many yeares in England, in studying of the Common Lawes, and returning into Ireland about three yeares since, did so pervert that Citie by his malicious counsell, and perjurious example, that hee withdrew the Major, Aldermen, and generally the whole Citie from comming to the Church, which before they sometimes fre∣quented. Moreover, about a yeare since there happened an affray in Limricke, betweene the Souldiers and some of the Towne, at what time this Gallway came to the then Major, advising him to dis-arme all the Souldiers, and told him, that all their liues were in the Majors hands, and at his mercy, whereby a gapp was most apparantly o∣pened by him, to haue induced a wicked and barbarous massacre upon her Majesties Forces. With this man therefore did the Presi∣dent take occasion to enter into the Lists, upon a manifest contempt offered unto his Office and Government, as followeth: It came to passe, that a Souldier of the Earle of Thomonds Company, was im∣prisoned by the said Major, for a supposed Pettie Larceny of a Hatchet. The President (being upon his journey against the Re∣bells, that were now reported to haue invaded the Province) requi∣red to haue the said Souldier delivered unto him, that hee might re∣ceiue a present tryall, and punishment for his default, if hee were found guiltie, or else to repayre to his Colours, and to goe the journey. The Major before hee would deliver the Prisoner, desired that hee might conferre with his Brethren; This being graunted, hee returned answer, that it was not thought fit by the Corpora∣tion to release the prisoner, except his Lordshipp would make a Warrant, enjoyning and commaunding them so to doe. The Pre∣sident and Councell being assembled, a Warrant was framed, signed, and directed to the Major: but this Warrant was deemed unsuffi∣cient, and therefore desired to haue the same amended in certaine particulars, which without difficultie was yeelded unto, and a se∣cond and a third framed according to the Majors owne directions; and thus did hee dally untill hee saw the President ready to leaue the Towne, some part of the Armie being already upon their March, at which time the Major came to the President, and utterly re∣jected all those Warrants, affirming that the Authoritie given them by the Charter, did sufficiently exempt them from the Iurisdiction and Commaund of the President and Councell: The President much scorning to bee thus deluded and dallyed withall, told the Major, that hee would shortly find a time to call him to an account for his contempt offered, not against his Person, but against her Ma∣jestie and her Government established in the Province: Who be∣ing now returned from the Service, (as you haue heard) and abiding

at Moyallo, directed his Warrant to the said Gallway, commaunding him upon his Alleageance, that hee should immediately appeare before him and the Councell at a day assigned at Moyallo, to an∣swer unto such things as should bee objected against him on her Majesties behalfe; where making his appearance, hee was censured to liue as a prisoner in a Castle in the Countrey,* 24.13 and not to come in∣to the Citie of Limricke, untill hee had payed a fine to her Majestie of foure hundred pound sterling, which was designed for the repa∣ration of Her Majesties Castle there; which summe was imployed afterward to that use; and lastly, that a new Major should be placed in his roome. The Townsemen presently sent an Agent (as their manner is) to make suite unto the Councell of England, seeking to abuse their Lordships with counterfeit humility and false suggesti∣ons, to get abatement either in whole or in part of this fine afore∣said; but therein they failed of their expectation, and having recei∣ved a check for their proud contumacie against the President, they were commanded from the Court.

The one and twentieth of this Moneth of December,* 24.14 Sir Richard Percy* 24.15 sent sixty of his Garison at Kinsale into Kinalmekaghe, Omag∣hons Countrie, to get the prey of the same, whereunto he was en∣couraged by one who promised to guide them, so as they should not misse of all the Cowes in the same; Dermond Moyle Mac Cart••e Flo∣rence his Brother, and Moylmo Omaghon the chiefe of his Sept, having some intelligence of their comming, with three hundred Foote and some Horse, assailed them, not doubting but to haue cut all their throats; for the space of two houres a good skirmish was maintai∣ned; but the Rebels not finding the Defendants to be Chikins, to be afraid at the sight of every cloud or kite, with some losse (of slaine and hurt men) soberly retreated: of the Garison of Kinsaile onely two private men were hurt, yet they returned ill pleased for that they missed of the booty expected. About this time the Spanish Archbishop of Dublin wrote unto the lurking ritulary Earle of Desmond, the Copie whereof I doe here verbatim relate, translated out of Latine.

A Letter from the Spanish Archbishop of Dublin to Iames fits Thomas.

MY most Honourable good Lord, having long desired a fit oportunity to write unto you, the same i•• now offered by M^•. Iohn, whereof I am very glad, that by such a most sure and faithfull Messenger I might open my mind to your Lordship; as also to shew that most certaine and undoub∣ted hope of aide is shortly to come. I would most willingly haue come unto

your Lordships presence, which lately I haue assayed, and doubtlesse would haue done, unlesse I had beene hindred by these Lords, which told mee that present and imminent dangers were to be feared in my Iourney, unlesse I had an Armie of souldiers to conduct me; and now (but that there is a necessi∣tie of my returning into Spaine) I would haue come to you in the company of Master Iohn;* 25.1 But I hope that most speedily and most fortunately I shall re∣turne unto you againe: In the meane time I haue pretermitted nothing which might tend to your profit, aswell to our Catholike Master, as any other whosoever, which now also in Spaine I will performe; I would therefore intreate your excellencie, that you would be of a good courage together with all other of your faction; and that you would fight constantly and valiantly for the faith and the libertie of your Countrey, knowing and firmely hoping, that the helpe of my Lord the Catholike King, is now comming, which when it cometh, all things shall bee prosperous, and will place you in your former liber∣ty and securitie, that ye may possesse your desired peace and tranquillity: The Almighty conserue your Lordship in safety long to continue. From Done∣gall the thirteenth of Ianuary, 1601.

The Province of Mounster standing now in these good tearmes of Obedience and Conformitie (as you haue heard) the President thought good for the diminution of Her Majesties charge to spare some part of those Forces, which at first were allotted unto him for this service; and therefore besides those fiue hundred which were of late cashiered by direction from the Lord Deputie; he was conten∣ted to spare one thousand more to bee disposed for the warres of Linster, or other places neere adjoyning, conditionally that they might remaine upon the List of Mounster, aswell to countenance his proceedings, as also that he might call them backe upon any occa∣sion, if new broyles should bee raised; and so in effect reduced the Armie of that Province to fifteene hundred Foote and two hundred Horse.

You heare before, that the Earle of Ormond upon conference with the President, undertooke to driue Redmond Burke, and the other Rebels his associats out of his libertie of Ormond, within the liberty of Tipperary, which although he oftentimes assaied to effect, yet it sorted not to his desired end, untill the beginning of this Moneth of Ianuary,* 25.2 at which time he employed the Lord of Dun∣boyne, Sir Walter Butler his Nephew, and Captaine Marberry, with such forces as he had (of Her Majesties and the Countrey) to so good purpose, that besides fourty fighting men that were presently slaine, and amongst them Thomas Burke, brother to the said Redmond, and the Armes of thirtie more gotten, they forced Redmond and all his Company into the river of Nore, being at that time very high, and

there drowned seventie of his men with their armes, besides divers Churles and all their baggage; certaine persons were also taken in this service, amongst whom was Iohn Burke, brother to the said Redmond, who was shortly after executed in Kilkenny, and William Burke an other of his brethren, grievously wounded. But to returne to the Presidents actions, who desirous that the Countrey might grow acquainted with the civill governement, whereunto of late it had beene a stranger, thought it convenient, that the Sherifes being necessary officers for the State, should looke into the Countrey, as∣well to finde out such ill disposed Malefactors, and idle Vagabonds, as were pernitious to the government, as also to levie at reasonable rates, such provisions as the Countrey yeeldeth, and the Garisons wanted: for this cause Iohn Barry, the Sheriffe of the County of Corke, made a Iourney unto some of Florence Mac Cartie* 25.3 his lands, who no sooner entered into his Countrie (as hee termed it) but pre∣sently he was resisted; and before he could make his retreate, some of his men were murthered; the like measure was also offered to some of the Garison of Kerry, who had no sooner set foote beyond the Mang, a River that parteth Kerry and Desmond; but they were instantly assaulted by Florence his Followers, and two of his souldi∣ers slaine.

The President receiving Advertisement of these malicious and traytourly practises of Florence (still continued) was exceeding de∣sirous (according unto directions sent him out of England) to get him into his hands, if it might bee effected, without putting the Queene to a further charge, which without some temporizing could not as yet conveniently be performed: For Florence* 25.4 finding himselfe to haue notoriously incurred ••everall breaches of his for∣mer protection, wrote divers Letters unto the President, in excuse of these facts, the same being stuffed (as his phrase was) with dam∣nable oathes, and execrable blasphemies, that himselfe was never acquainted with the former slaughters, and that his people were strangely overseene therein, who mistaking the Souldiers for the Sheriffes men, and the Sheriffes men for Traytors, committed those offences at unawares. Answere was remissed by the President, that the State was well perswaded of his loyaltie and innocencie, touch∣ing these disorders, and therefore requested him very earnestly to make his repaire unto him, that hee might by his presence and ad∣vice, the better finde out and punish those malefactors; but by no meanes or wayes could he be drawen foorth of his strong Countrey of Desmond, before hee had gotten his protection to be renewed; a plaine demonstration of his guiltie conscience.

Not long after, upon his repaire to the President, he mooved him

to goe for England,* 25.5 laying before his Iudgement divers commo∣dities that might thereby accrew unto him: First, he should prooue these suggestions to be untrue, which some of his Enemies had buz∣zed into the eares of the Councell of England, That hee was a vowed enemy to the English Government, and a devoted friend in his heart to the Spanish King. Secondly, that by his owne pre∣sence (with the Councell) he might get that Countrey of Desmond confirmed unto him, which hee now held rather by courtesie then by right. And lastly, that the Queenes Majestie might understand (out of his mouth) the present estate of that Province, to whose re∣lation (as he verily thought) shee would giue attentiue eare and cre∣dit: All this was urged, to the end, that the Province might be rid of so dangerous a member, who vvas most likely to breed nevv commotions: This Gentleman smelling the Presidents drift, pre∣tended himselfe to bee most willing,* 25.6 and for that purpose would returne into Desmond, and when his necessaries were provided hee would speedily proceed in his Iourney for England. Within certaine dayes after, he sent Messengers to the President, signifying unto him, that the Countrey of Desmond was so poore and begger∣ly, as it could not possibly affoord him meanes for such necessaries as hee needed for his Iourney, and therefore requested his Lord∣ships Letters unto the chiefe Gentlemen of Carbery, that they would bee contributors unto him in a businesse that did so neerely con∣cerne him: All this being graunted and effected, hee neither went forward, nor did he purpose at all to goe, as the sequell of his doings manifestly declared.

CHAP. XX.

The Lord President advertiseth into England of the intended invasion of the Spaniards. Demaunds made by the Lord President for Money, Munition, Victuals. A Letter from Her Majestie to the Lord Deputy of Ireland, to pardon all such as the Lord President should nominate, certaine persons excepted as uncapable of pardon. A certaine branch of the Lords of the Councels Letters to the Lord President.

THE President having (as is said) reduced Mounster to good tearmes of obedience, and had promised to lend the Lord Deputie at any time one thousand 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for the service of Linster; yet he still insisted that they might remaine as part of the List of Mounster: 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to that end; upon the thirteenth of Ianuary,* 25.7 hee wrote unto the Lords of the Councell in England:* 25.8 Also hee advertised their Lordships that undoubtedly the Spaniards would invade Ireland; for testimonie whereof, he sent unto them many advertisements, which came unto him out of Spaine; and that many Romish Priests and Fryers, which are the forerunners of mischiefes in this Countrey, were lately come into Ireland, to no other end, then to withdraw the hearts of Her Majesties naturall Subjects from Her to the Spaniard. Also for pre∣vention of future mischiefes, that hee might not bee unprovided (if the kingdome were invaded) although he should haue no more then fifteene hundred Foote left in the Province, when he had sent the one thousand promised to the Lord Deputie, yet he humbly desired the Lords, that they would bee pleased (untill Michaelmas next follow∣ing) to continue the victuals to bee sent for Mounster, as formerly was accustomed, that is for three thousand two hundred and fiftie, and for the same reason of innovation, he besought them to send unto him fiue Lasts of powder with match and lead, two thousand sho∣vels and spades,* 25.9 fiue hundred pickaxes, and fiftie Crowes of Iron; and lastly that they would be pleased, to send a competent s••mme of money for the souldiers to liue upon; for untill the expectation of the comming of Spaniards were past, hee would preserue his victu∣als untoucht.

I formerly recounted unto you, that the President by his Letters of the second of November, humbly besought their Lordships, that a generall pardon might be granted for the reasons then alleged which (as it seemeth) had good acceptance in England, as by Her Majesties Letter to the Lord Deputie, dated the one and twentieth of Decem∣ber may appeare, which came to the Presidents hands the nineteenth of Ianuary; the true Copie of which Letter is here inserted. And also for the Lord Deputies farther discharge, a draught of a Warrant to bee passed under the Great Seale of Ireland, was sent unto him by Her Majestie.

A Letter from her Maiestie to the Lord Deputie of Ireland.

ELIZABETH R.

RIght Trustie and Welbeloved,

We greet you well. Wee understand by such advertise∣ments as wee haue received from Our Pre∣sident of Our Province of Mounster, that it will bee very expedient for the reducing of Our Subjects, dwelling in that Our Province to a setled obedience, to graunt unto them our generall and gracious Pardon, thereby to remooue from them all suspition of im∣peachment for their former offences, whereunto the greatest part of them haue beene violently carried, rather by the pow∣er of the arch-traytours, then by any wilfull defection in their loyaltie; Wee being therefore in Our princely Clemencie, gra∣ciously pleased, to accept the humble submission of such our Sub∣jects within that Province, as haue not out of their desperate and disloyall hearts entred into this horrible action of Rebel∣lion against Vs, doe thinke meet, and hereby doe will and au∣thorise you,* 26.1 that from time to time, you cause such generall and particular pardons to be passed in due forme of Law, under our great Seale of that our Realme, to all and everie the Inha∣bitants of that province, of what condition or estate soever they bee, either by ample words of our generall Pardon, (as wee understand hath beene graunted to some Counties in Con∣naght, upon like occasion) or by particular Names of peculiar persons, as by Our said President and Councell, or two of them with the President shall be desired of you, excepting out of e∣very pardon such persons, and inserting such Conditions, and Limitations, for our service, as by our said President, and two of our Councell shall bee thought requisite. And to the ende, our people wasted with the miserie of these warres, may not bee

pardoned with expences in the obtaining their pardons, or put∣ting in Securitie for our peace, in Causes where it may be need∣full: Our gracious pleasure is, That the Fees of our Seale, and all other Officers Fees in these cases of our affayres, shall bee either wholly remitted, or so moderated by you and Our Councell there, that our Subjects may haue cause the more du∣tifully and gladly to imbrace our princely Clemency, and Boun∣tie in this our gracious and free Pardon: Neverthelesse such is Our detestation of the Treasons, and horrible Murders committed in this Rebellion, that for a perpetuall memorie in every such pardon, either generall or speciall, there shall bee an expresse exception,* 26.2 that the same extend not to pardon Iames Fits Thomas, usurping the Title of Earle of Desmond, Iohn his Brother, Pierce Lacie, the Knight of the Valley, nor Tho∣mas Fits Maurice, sonne to the late Barron of Lixnaw, who are knowen to haue beene the ringleaders to many monstrous and unnaturall outrages: Neither shall our pardon bee a∣vaileable to any of the servants and followers of the persons so excepted, unlesse those servants and followers shall fully and absolutely submit themselues to our President and Councell of that Province, or to some of them to bee bound with Sureties for their future Loyaltie within twentie dayes after publique proclamation made of this Our gracious Pardon. And for the doing heereof, these Our Letters shall bee your sufficient Warrant and Discharge. Given vnder Our Signet at Our Pallace of Westminster this one and twentieth of December, one thousand sixe hundred, in the three and fourtieth yeare of Our Reigne.

And at that time he received a Letter from the Lords of the Coun∣cell, agreeing in substance with that of her Majesties, to the Lord Deputie: Wherefore I hold it needlesse to set it downe at large, onely I will recite the first part of it, whereby it is manifested how agreeable the Presidents proceeding was, as well to her Majesties liking, as to their Lordships.

A Branch of the Lords of the Councels Letters to the Lord President.

AFter our very heartie Commendations to your Lordship. We haue received your Letters, bearing date the second of No∣vember, whereby you haue made us an orderly Relation of the state of that Province, whereof wee haue informed her Majestie, who hath commaunded us to giue you notice of her most gracious acceptation of your Endeavors, in the whole course of your procee∣dings, as that which hath prooved greatly to her Honour, and the advancement of her Service; wherein as wee haue beene alwayes ready to performe the best offices, in respect of your discreet pro∣ceedings towards us in all things: so it doth not a little content us, (for the loue wee beare you) to bee messengers of her Majesties favour tovvards you, then which wee know you can receiue no greater comfort, &c. From the Court at Whitehall the foureteenth of December, 1600.

CHAP. XXI.

Victuals and money arrived at Corke. One thousand Foote and fiftie Horse to bee sent out of Mounster to the Lord Deputy. A Letter from the Lord Presi••ent to the Lord Deputy. The Companies sent for by the Lord Deputie, and staied by his di∣rections. The effect of the Lords of the Councels Letters to the Lord President, with an Abstract of his Letter to the Lords of the Councell.

THE fiue and twentieth the President advertised the Lords,* 27.1 that there was arrived out of England,* 27.2 at Corke, a proportion of victuals, and money, and in the same dispatch, he humbly besought their Lordships (for that the Province was in a manner by the long warre throughly wasted, and that the Horse having nothing but grasse to sustaine them, grew weake and unserviceable) That they would be pleased to send (with the best expedition) foure hundred quarters of Oates, which should bee defalked upon the Horsemens entertaine∣ments.

Vpon the thirtieth,* 27.3 the President received Letters from the Lord Deputie,* 27.4 praying him to send for the service of Linster one thousand Foote, whereof the Companies of Sir Iohn Barkley, and Sir Garret Harvies to bee part, and with them Sir Richard Greames troope of Horse: According to this direction, he assembled them at Clonmell,

and gaue the Command of them unto the Lord Awdley; and as they were ready to march, hee received advertisement from the Earle of Thomond, that a body of more then three thousand men of Vlster and Connaght, were presently to enter into the Province; where∣upon hee wrote unto the Lord Deputie this ensuing Letter, making stay of the Lord Awdley untill he should receiue answer thereof.

A Letter from the Lord President to the Lord Deputie.

IT may please your Lordship, I am so infinitly distracted betweene the earnest desire I haue to satisfie your Lordships commande∣ments, and the present dangers which I see hangs over this Pro∣vince; if I should obserue them, as that I stand amazed, what Coun∣cell to take, being in my selfe wholly addicted to obedience, and by necessitie (in a manner) enforced to pause upon the same, untill I may receiue your Lordships answer to these, and then without far∣ther protraction I will bee ready accordingly to obserue your com∣mandements; wherein I humbly pray your Lordship deliberatly to advise, being (as I take it) especially materiall for the furtherance of Her Majesties service. The next day after, I received your Lordships Letter of the seven and twentieth of Ianuary (being the thirtieth of the same) for the better expediting of your directions, I addressed seve∣rall warrants unto the Captaines residing neerest unto me, comman∣ding every of them, to meete at the Townes of Clonmell and Fe∣therd, by the sixth of this Moneth, there to receiue such further di∣rections, as the Lord Awdley (who I haue appointed to command them) should direct. The List consists of one thousand and fiftie Foote, and Sir Richard Greames Horse, Sir Garret Harvie, lyes so farre remote in Kerry, as I could not conveniently in so short a time, draw them to the rest: Wherefore, for that particular I humbly pray to be excused: and for Sir Iohn Barklies Company (who are part of the List aboue-said) I haue directed them by warrant according to your Lordships former pleasure signified unto me, before the receipt of your Lordships last letters to repaire into Connaght, but haue now countermanded them, and doe hope they are not yet past. Thus your Lordship may see my willingnesse to obey your directions, which I did as gladly and affectionatly as your Lordship can desire. But since having this day received these inclosed Letters from the Earle of Thomond and Master Comerford; I doe make humbly bold to present the consideration of them unto your Lordships wise∣dome, before I doe throughly accomplish your Commandements, wherein my hope is, that your Lordship will both giue me thankes,

and hold me excu••ed; because the publike service doth violently urge me unto it. In my judgement I am perswaded that this intelligence is true, drawne thereunto by many and sundry the like advertise∣ments, from all parts and persons, lately reconciled, whereof I could send your Lordship bundels of papers of divers mens relations, and now confirmed in the same by these inclosed Letters, which as your Lordship sees, threatens the present disturbance of this Province, not yet well setled. Yet neverthelesse, that it may appeare unto your Lordship, that I am not backward to accomplish any thing, which your Lordship shall require: I do yet continue (though not without some hazard to this Province if these Northern Forces should pre∣sently invade us) to send the Companies (aforesaid) to the Rendevous before mentioned, with directions to remaine there until your Lord∣ship shall returne me your pleasure in answer of these, and then what you shall prescribe unto me, I will dutifully and carefully effect, assu∣ring my selfe that your Lordship will haue such a speciall regard to the State of this Province, as that you will not withdraw them, but upon certaine knowledge of the untruth of these intelligence. But (as a Councellor to speake my opinion) if your Lordship can other wayes follow the prosecution in Lin••ter, without calling Forces from hence, it were very expedient to forbeare the same, untill this Cloud be overpast, which cannot long hold in suspence; for all the danger is betweene this and the end of the next Moneth, after which time untill the Cattle be strong, and giue milke, there is little doubt: All which humbly referring to your Lordships better consideration, I rest.

Moyallo the second of February, 1600.* 28.1

G. C.

Not many dayes after, the Lord Deputie* 28.2 by his Letters so well approoved of the reasons, why the President stayed the Lord Audley, as hee thanked him for it, and willed him to make Head against the Rebels descent, and hereafter when they might be better spared, then he prayed him to send them unto him.

The effect of the Lords of the Councells Letters to the Lord President.

IAnuary 28. the Lord President received Letters of great comfort from the Lords in England, saying, That they were exceeding glad, to see that in so short a time hee had reduced the Province to such tearmes, as that he could indure the cashiering of fiue hundred Foot, and spare the Lord Deputie one thousand more of his List, which was an evident demonstration of his Labours well spent in the Service; and that his holding of Assises and Sessions, so long

dis-used, was a manifest signe of a new life in the Province; That they had written to the Lord Deputie, to call Theobald ne Long Burke in question for the murdering of Dermond O Conner, and had requi∣red him to see it punished; That notwithstanding her Majesties pleasure was signified unto him, that Iames fits Thomas, his Brother Iohn, the Baron of Lixnaw, the Knight of the Valley, and Pierce La∣cie, should not be received to mercie upon any condition, but to be left (as children of perdition) unto destruction, yet considering how long Rebells may continue (by underhand friendships) in Ireland, shee was pleased, that the Lord President should haue power (if he saw cause to induce him thereunto) to accept of the last three, but with this caution, That they should be pardoned for life onely, and that not untill they had performed some signall services which might merit such gracious favour. Lastly, they admonished the President to carrie a strict hand upon the Commissaries of the Musters; for by Certificate from Dublin, they understood that they were very slacke in their duties.

The President knowing that it was a matter of no lesse moment, to retaine and keepe the Provincialls in subjection and good order, then it was at first to reduce them hereunto, imployed now a great part of his time, in devising such courses as might secure them from a future revolt, and therefore first resumed into his owne hands all power of protecting, and then protested never to renew any pro∣tections (already granted) whereby they were constrained to use all celerity and haste for the obtaining their Pardons. In so much, that within lesse then two Moneths, (namely before the end of Februa∣ry) the President had recommended aboue foure thousand by name unto the Lord Deputie for Pardons, who had all put in such pledges or other Caution, as by the State of the Province, was thought con∣venient, which indeed was such and so warily taken, as no Gover∣nour in former times had ever done the like: All which notwith∣standing, the President could not satisfie himselfe in the safetie of the one, and so consequently in the securitie of the other, so long as their pledges were remayning in the Cities of Corke, and Limerick, the places of their custodie not being of sufficient strength, the Kee∣pers many times negligent or corrupt in their charge▪ and the Citizens so partiall, as they had rather helpe to convey them into the Coun∣trey, then to retaine them within the Citie:* 29.1 for prevention where∣of, the President became an humble Suitor to the Lords of the Councell of England, that they would be pleased to giue comman∣dement, that the Pledges of greatest moment might (by an order from them) bee commanded to the Castle of Dublin, which should

not be any thing chargeable to Her Majestie, and yet very profitable for the State: As also that they would be pleased to giue Comman∣dement to all such Vndertakers, as hold land within the Province, that they should make their immediate repaire unto their Signiories, that thereby the Countrey might bee the better furnished with Eng∣lish upon any occasion: As also that Her Majestie might from them receiue their rents in some part, of that immeasurable treasure which was expended in these Warres.

And lastly being fully assured of a Spanish Invasion, in all his dis∣patches for England: He evermore put the Lords in mind of it, sen∣ding unto them the intelligences hee had, and for that he would not be taken unprovided, hee continually in all his Letters besought sup∣plies of Victuals, and Munition. And for that in his last dispatch, he had intreated a large proportion of Victuals; now in this of the sixth of March* 29.2 hee forbare the same, requesting onely fiue Laste of powder, and foure hundred quarters of Oates.

The young Earle of Desmond, having beene tenderly brought up in England, and not well agreeing with the manner and customes of Ireland, and also seeing how much he was deceived in his hopes, supposing that al his Fathers Followers would haue relied upon him, and obeyed his directions; whereof finding little or no appearance, desired the Lord President to giue him leaue to goe into England, whereunto (for the reasons afore mentioned) the President easily as∣sented; for in all the time of his being in Ireland, no one Rebell did for his sake submit himselfe to Her Majestie, Thomas Oge of Kerry onely excepted, who at his request submitted himselfe and rendered Castle-mange (whereof he was Constable) by Iames fits Thomas his assignement into Her Majesties hands, as formerly hath beene de∣clared. But it may be truely supposed, that wit and necessitie did per∣swade him to submit, and render the Castle as he did; for Sir Charles Wilmot had so blockt him up with Garisons, as at that present he was in feare of starving; and if he had not taken the opportunity offe∣red upon the Earles motion, he was in danger to haue lost both his life and it. This I write not to upbraid the Earle, or to lessen him in any thing; for I must confesse, he was too good to liue amongst such traitorly Followers, and no man living had a more willing desire to serue Her Majestie then himselfe; but the truth is, that this was all the service which hee did or could doe during his aboad in Moun∣ster, from whence he embarqued the two and twentieth of March,* 29.3 and landed at Miniade in Somerset-shire, and so to the Court of England; where after a few Moneths he died. The Letters Pat∣tents which Her Majestie had granted for his restoration, the Presi∣dent never delivered unto him, where in my opinion he did discreet∣ly,

and according to his directions, for they were sent unto him by Her Majestie (with caution) not to deliver them, except he saw suffi∣cient cause so to doe, and that his services (or services done for his fake) should merit the same; of both which there was but weake and slender performance.

In this first Booke the Reader may behold in what a confused e∣state the Province of Mounster was in, when the L. President entred into his government; in the first yeare whereof these memorable ac∣cidents hapned: the unfortunate death of Sir Warham S^t Ledger, the departure of Tyrone out of Mounster; The taking of the Earle of Or∣mond by the rebels; The defeat of Florence Mac Cartie; the losse and recovery of Cahir castle; the submission of the White Knight; the re∣covery of the Iland and castle of Loghgier; the bold attempt of Nu∣gent, and the effects which followed therof; the burning and spoiling of West Clanwilliam, & Omulrians countrey; the taking and escape of Iames fits Thomas, the titulary Earle of Desmond; the siege and win∣ning of the Castle of the Glinn; the freeing of the Province of 2500 Bownoghs; Odonnels harrasing of Thomond; the encounter betwixt Captaine Roger Harvy, and the White Knights sonne; the planting of garrisons in Kerry; the perpetuall juglings of Flo. Mac Cartie; the ta∣king of the Castle of Listoell in Kerry; the defeat (by the garrison of Kilmallock) given to the Sugan Earle; the poore and distressed estate he was driven unto; the submission of Dermond Mac Owen, L. of Do∣walla, and sundry others; the comming into Mounster of the young Earle of Desmond; the submission of Flor. Mac Cartie; the rendring of Castle Mange; the murdring of Dermond O Conner; the burning and spoyling of East Clanwilliam, and Arlogh; the quiet setling of the Province, and the restoring the civill government: Whosoever with indifferencie will consider, how much was done in such short time, must acknowledge it to bee beyond expectation, and say that God fought for vs, and directed our Counsels, otherwise it was not to bee hoped for: And had not the comming of the Spaniards, given new interruptions, the worke of Mounster had beene throughly finished: The Province fully reduced to a setled peace, and in all likelihood so to haue continued.

The end of the first Booke.

Notes

• * 1.1

  1599.
• * 1.2

  Devoreux.
• * 1.3

  Butler.
• * 1.4

  Roche.
• * 1.5

  Blunt.
• * 1.6

  Carew.
• * 1.7

  The landing of the Lord Deputie, and Lord President in Ireland.
• * 1.8

  S^t. Lawrence.
• * 1.9

  Carew.
• * 2.1

  The War∣rant for the passing of letters Pa∣tents to the Lo. President Norris.
• * 2.2

  Carew.
• * 2.3

  Blunt.
• * 2.4

  Carew.
• * 2.5

  Norris.
• * 2.6

  Norris.
• * 2.7

  Norris.
• * 2.8

  Cary.
• * 3.1

  The Lo. Pre∣sidents Let∣ters Patents.
• * 3.2

  Norris.
• * 3.3

  Carew.
• * 3.4

  Carew.
• * 3.5

  Blunt.
• * 3.6

  Carew.
• * 3.7

  Carew.
• * 3.8

  Norris.
• * 3.9

  Norris.
• * 3.10

  Carew.
• * 3.11

  Carew.
• * 3.12

  Norris.
• * 3.13

  Carew
• * 3.14

  Carew
• * 3.15

  Carew
• * 3.16

  Carew
• * 3.17

  Carew.
• * 3.18

  Carew.
• * 3.19

  Carew
• * 3.20

  Carew
• * 3.21

  6 Martij
• * 4.1

  Blunt.
• * 4.2

  The Lo: De∣putie and Councels in∣structions to the Lo. Pre∣sident.
• * 4.3

  Carew.
• * 4.4

  7. Martij.
• * 4.5

  Carew.
• * 4.6

  Carew.
• * 4.7

  Carew.
• * 4.8

  Sax••y.
• * 4.9

  Gold.
• * 4.10

  Carew.
• * 4.11

  Carew.
• * 4.12

  Carew.
• * 4.13

  Carew.
• * 4.14

  Saxey.
• * 4.15

  Gold.
• * 4.16

  Carew.
• * 4.17

  Carew.
• * 4.18

  Carew.
• * 4.19

  Carew.
• * 4.20

  Carew.
• * 4.21

  Carew.
• * 4.22

  Blunt.
• * 4.23

  Carew.
• * 4.24

  Carew.
• * 4.25

  Carew.
• * 4.26

  Blunt.
• * 4.27

  Carew.
• * 4.28

  Carew.
• * 4.29

  Carew.
• * 4.30

  Blunt.
• * 4.31

  Carew
• * 4.32

  Carew.
• * 4.33

  Carew.
• * 4.34

  Blunt.
• * 4.35

  Carew.
• * 4.36

  Carew.
• * 4.37

  Carew.
• * 4.38

  Carew.
• * 4.39

  Blunt.
• * 4.40

  Blunt.
• * 4.41

  Carew.
• * 4.42

  Carew.
• * 4.43

  Carew.
• * 4.44

  Blunt.
• * 4.45

  Carew.
• * 4.46

  Carew.
• * 4.47

  Carew.
• * 4.48

  Carew.
• * 4.49

  The Earle of Tyrone in Moūster, & his actions there.
• * 4.50

  The White Knight Ty∣rones priso∣ner.
• * 4.51

  Florēce Mac Carty made Mac Cartie More, and Donell Mac Carty dis∣placed.
• * 4.52

  The L. Barry preyed and spoiled.
• * 6.1

  Sir Warham S^t leger and Mac Guire slaine.
• * 6.2

  1600.
• * 6.3

  Tyrones re∣turne into V••ster.
• * 6.4

  The Presidēt left Dublin 7. April.
• * 6.5

  10. Aprilis
• * 6.6

  The Earle of Ormond ta∣ken prisoner by Owny mac Rory O••more
• * 7.1

  The manner of the Earle of Ormonds taking.
• * 7.2

  The narrow escape of the Lord Presi∣dent.
• * 7.3

  The Earle of Thomond wounded.
• * 7.4

  The order which was taken for the setling of the countrie af∣ter the Earle of Ormonds disaster.
• * 7.5

  18. April.
• * 7.6

  The submis∣sions of Tho. fits Iames, & Tho. Power.
• * 7.7

  20. April.
• * 7.8

  22. April.
• * 7.9

  The encoun∣ter of her Majesties forces with Flor. Mac Cartie.
• * 7.10

  The prey of the Brough taken.
• * 7.11

  23. Aprill.
• * 7.12

  The state of the Province of Mounster, when the Lo. President came into it.
• * 7.13

  The Lord Barry preyed
• * 7.14

  26. April.
• * 7.15

  Redmond Burke defea∣ted by Od∣wire.
• * 7.16

  Odwires coū∣try harrassed by Redmond Burke.
• * 7.17

  29. April.
• * 7.18

  Loghguire preyed.
• * 7.19

  The submis∣sion of Bar∣ret and Con∣don.
• * 7.20

  3. Ma••••. The submis∣sion of Flor. Mac Carty.
• * 7.21

  Flor. Mac Carties de∣mands.
• * 7.22

  The submis∣sion of Nu∣gent.
• * 7.23

  The Brough burnt by Pierce Lacy.
• * 7.24

  Redmond Burke de∣parted out of Conno∣loghe.
• * 7.25

  May. 16.
• * 7.26

  Tenne of the Bownoghs slaine by Sir Richard Percy.
• * 7.27

  May. 17.
• * 8.1

  21. Maij. The Armie set out from Corke to∣wards Lim∣ricke.
• * 8.2

  23. Maij. The submis∣sion of the White Knight.
• * 8.3

  Cahir Castle sur∣prised by Iames Gal∣die Butler.
• * 9.1

  24. Maij.
• * 9.2

  25 Maij.
• * 9.3

  Therendring of the Castle of Loghguire
• * 9.4

  Nugents at∣tempt upon Iohn fits Thomas.
• * 9.5

  Clanwilliam spoiled and burnt by the Armie.
• * 9.6

  29. Maij.
• * 9.7

  The submis∣sion of Iohn Burke.
• * 9.8

  The castle of Ballitrarsnie taken.
• * 9.9

  O Mulrians Countries burnt and spoiled by the Army.
• * 10.1

  O Sulevan More detai∣ned prisoner by the pra∣ctise of Flor: Mac Cartie.
• * 10.2

  The plot con∣trived by the Lo. President for the appre∣hension of Ia. fits Thomas.
• * 10.3

  Iune.
• * 10.4

  11. Iunij.
• * 11.1

  500 men sent to lye in gar∣rison at As∣keiton.
• * 11.2

  Supplies of money, muni∣tion victu∣als, &c.
• * 11.3

  The appre∣hension of Iames Fits Thomas by Dermond O Conner.
• * 11.4

  19. Iunij.
• * 11.5

  20. Iunij.
• * 11.6

  The Coun∣trey of Tho∣mond haras∣sed and spoy∣led by O Donnell.
• * 11.7

  Forces sent into Tho∣mond.
• * 11.8

  Iames fits Thomas set at liberty.
• * 11.9

  26. Iunij.
• * 13.1

  28. Iunij.
• * 13.2

  29. Iunij.
• * 13.3

  Dermond O Conner and the Re∣bels agreed, and reconci∣led.
• * 13.4

  The Castle of Crome taken by the Armie.
• * 13.5

  30. Iunij.
• * 13.6

  4. Iuly.
• * 16.1

  5. Iuliji.
• * 16.2

  The Armie sate downe before Glyn-Castle.
• * 16.3

  7. Iulij.
• * 16.4

  The Knight of the Valley up•••• ••f conduct spake with the Earle of Thomond.
• * 16.5

  The Consta∣ble of Glyn Castle, hi•• advice to the Earle of Thomond for hi•• safe∣tie.
• * 16.6

  8. Iulij.
• * 16.7

  A Breach made.
• * 16.8

  The breach assaulted.
• * 16.9

  A sally made by the rebels.
• * 16.10

  The Consta∣ble &c. slaine
• * 16.11

  9. Iulij.
• * 16.12

  The Castle wonne, and the rebels put to the sword.
• * 16.13

  AWard put into the castle of Glin by the L. President.
• * 16.14

  Carrigfoile rendred by Oconner Kerry.
• * 16.15

  Victuals and munitiō sent out of Englād into Moun∣ster.
• * 16.16

  Maurice Stacke sent into Kerry.
• * 16.17

  The Bo∣noghs obtai∣ned the Lord Presidents Passeport to depart the Province.
• * 16.18

  Sixty of the Bonoghs slaine by the Lo. Burke.
• * 16.19

  The Lord Presidents returne to Limerick.
• * 16.20

  The Castle of Corgrage rendred.
• * 16.21

  A Garrison left in As∣keiton.
• * 16.22

  15. Iulij.
• * 16.23

  The Castle of Kath∣more ren∣dred.
• * 16.24

  A Garrison placed at Kilmallock.
• * 16.25

  16. Iulij.
• * 16.26

  The Rebels enforced to rise from the siege of Lis∣kaghan.
• * 16.27

  Flor. Mac Carties perswasions unto the Ward to quit Liskag∣han.
• * 16.28

  Florence Mac Carty attempted to c••rrupt the Constable of Liskaghan.
• * 16.29

  23. Iulij.
• * 16.30

  28. Iulij.
• * 17.1

  Fits Gerald, Knight of Kerry.
• * 17.2

  The L. Presi∣dent come to Carrigofoile
• * 17.3

  29. Iulij.
• * 17.4

  The Castles of Lixnaw, Rathowine, and Tralee surprized by Sir Charles Wilmot.
• * 17.5

  The Bonoghs defeated by Sir Gharles Wilmot.
• * 17.6

  2. August.
• * 17.7

  The death of Patricke fits Maurice, L. of Lixnaw.
• * 17.8

  Florence Mac Cartie being sent for would not come un∣to the L. Pre∣sident.
• * 17.9

  A Mari∣age practised by Florence for Iames fits Thomas.
• * 17.10

  Letters and Messages betweene Florence and Tyrone.
• * 17.11

  16. Aug.
• * 17.12

  Aug. 18.
• * 17.13

  Aug. 20.
• * 17.14

  21. Aug.
• * 17.15

  An Encoun∣ter betweene Captaine Harvie and the White Knights Sonne.
• * 17.16

  The White Knights Sonne defea∣ted.
• * 17.17

  23. Aug.
• * 17.18

  The Knight of Kerry, & the Lord of Lixnaw made suite to be protected.
• * 17.19

  The Earle of Thomōd left to command the garrison at Askeiton.
• * 17.20

  Florence cō∣tinueth his practise with Tyrone.
• * 17.21

  Lands given by Iames fits Thomas to Flor. Mac Cartie.
• * 17.22

  Donnel Mac Carty taken in upon pro∣tection.
• * 17.23

  The Castle of Mayne in Connologh taken.
• * 17.24

  Omaghon and the O Crowlies protected.
• * 17.25

  The inten∣ded Mari∣age of Iames fits Thomas frustrated.
• * 17.26

  Cahir Ca∣stle rendred
• * 17.27

  29 August.
• * 17.28

  Supplies of Horses and Monie sent for Moun∣ster.
• * 17.29

  26. August.
• * 17.30

  Dermond Mac Owen O keefe and Mac Awly, made suite to be recei∣ved as Sub∣jects.
• * 17.31

  The submis∣sion of the Knight of Kerry.
• * 17.32

  Ia. fits Tho. and Pierce Lacy defea∣ted by the Knight of Kerry.
• * 17.33

  The castle of Ardart ta∣ken by Sir Ch. Wilmot.
• * 17.34

  Maurice Stacke mur∣dr••d trea∣cherously.
• * 17.35

  Septemb.
• * 17.36

  The Prey of Kilkoe ta∣ken by Sir Richard Percy.
• * 18.1

  Iames fits Tho▪ defeated by the garri∣son of Kil∣mallocke.
• * 18.2

  16. Sept.
• * 18.3

  Supplies of Foote sent out of Eng∣land.
• * 18.4

  Osulev an More sent by the Lord Deputie to the Lord President.
• * 18.5

  October.
• * 18.6

  4. Octbe
• * 18.7

  The Castle of Glan Coyne sur∣prised by Sir Francis Barkley.
• * 18.8

  Florence Mac Car∣ties wife and followers perswaded him to goe to the Lord President.
• * 18.9

  The young Earle of Desmond arrived at Yoghall.
• * 18.10

  14. Octob.
• * 18.11

  18. Octob.
• * 20.1

  The Ing∣gling of Flo∣rence Mac Cartie.
• * 20.2

  Supplies of men & appa∣rell sent into Mounster.
• * 20.3

  The submis∣sion of Flo∣rence Mac Cartie.
• * 20.4

  Octob. 29.
• * 20.5

  A skirmish betweene the Carties and the Oleries.
• * 20.6

  Olerie slaine.
• * 21.1

  2. Novemb.
• * 21.2

  The Lo. Pre∣sident sueth for a generall pardon for the Pro∣vincials.
• * 21.3

  4. Novemb.
• * 21.4

  The submis∣sion of Tho∣mas Oge fits Gerald, and the rendring of Castle Mange.
• * 21.5

  The C••stle of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 be∣sieged and taken.
• * 21.6

  5. Novemb.
• * 21.7

  A prey taken in Kinalme∣kagh.
• * 21.8

  The Castle of the Dingle rendred.
• * 22.1

  The Abbey of Ratho burned, and fourtie of the Bownoghs slaine by Sir Charles Wilmot.
• * 22.2

  A thousand Bownoghs levied by Florence Mac Carty.
• * 22.3

  Connaght and Vlster men being ready to in∣vade Moun∣ster sudden∣ly brake their resolu∣tion▪ and the cause why.
• * 23.1

  Dermond O Conner murdered by Theobald ne Long Burke.
• * 24.1

  18. Nov.
• * 24.2

  Sessions held at Limerick, Cassell, and Clonmell.
• * 24.3

  26. Nov.
• * 24.4

  The Lord President & the Earle of Ormond meet at Clonmell.
• * 24.5

  December. Muskry∣quirke, and Arloghe burnt, prey∣ed, and spoy∣led by the Army.
• * 24.6

  The submis∣sion of the Burkes and Obriens.
• * 24.7

  The narrow escape of Iames fits Thomas, and Dermond Mac Crag∣he, the Popes Bishop of Corke.
• * 24.8

  In what good estate the province of Mounster was.
• * 24.9

  15. Decemb.
• * 24.10

  20. Decemb.
• * 24.11

  Mac Awly preyed upon by Sir Fra: Barkley.
• * 24.12

  A practise of a marriage betweene the La. Ioane fits Gerald, and O Dounel, but prevented by the Lo. Pre∣sident.
• * 24.13

  The Major of Limerick fined and im∣prisoned, and a new Major elected.
• * 24.14

  21. Decem.
• * 24.15

  Kinalm••∣kaghe preyed by Sir Ri∣chard Percy.
• * 25.1

  He m••aneth Iohn fits Thomas bro∣ther to the titulary Earle.
• * 25.2

  Ianuary.
• * 25.3

  The Sheriffs men slaine by Flor. Mac Gartie.
• * 25.4

  Florence his excuses re∣ceived for truths.
• * 25.5

  The L. Presi∣dent perswa∣deth Florence to goe into England.
• * 25.6

  Florence seemeth to like of the motion, but meaneth no∣thing lesse, and the use he made of it.
• * 25.7

  13. Ianuary.
• * 25.8

  The Presi∣dent adver∣ti seth into England of the intended invasion of the Spani∣ards.
• * 25.9

  〈…〉〈…〉, muniti∣on & victu∣als.
• * 26.1

  The Lord Deputie to pardon all such as hee should no••¦minate.
• * 26.2

  Certain per∣sons excepted uncapable of Pardon.
• * 27.1

  25. Ianuary.
• * 27.2

  Victuals and money arri∣ved at Corke
• * 27.3

  30. Ianuary.
• * 27.4

  1000. foot, & 50. horse to be sent out of Mounster to the Lord Deputie.
• * 28.1

  2. February.
• * 28.2

  The Compa∣nies sent for by the L. De∣puty, stayed by his dire∣ctions.
• * 29.1

  An abstract of the Lord Presidents Letter to the Lords of the Coun∣cell.
• * 29.2

  6. March.
• * 29.3

  22. March.