The antiquities of Canterbury. Or a survey of that ancient citie, with the suburbs, and cathedrall Containing principally matters of antiquity in them all. Collected chiefly from old manuscripts, lieger-bookes, and other like records, for the most part, never as yet printed. With an appendix here annexed: wherein (for better satisfaction to the learned) the manuscripts, and records of chiefest consequence, are faithfully exhibited. All (for the honour of that ancient metropolis, and his good affection to antiquities) sought out and published by the industry, and goodwill of William Somner.

Walter Reynolds. 50.

Walter Reynolds succeeded Rob. Winchelsey, who when he had sate Archbishop 13 yeares and somewhat more, died and was buried in the South-wall of Christ-Church neare the Quire, where his tombe is as yet extant. At his inthro∣nization (see the state of it in those dayes) Bartholomew Lord Badlesmere tendered himself to the Earl of Glocester chiefe Steward, to serve in the office of Chamberlaine to the Archbishop, for (or in respect of) his Mannor of Hat∣field by Charing r 1.1. This occasionally induced, let me set be∣fore you in this place the fees which by ancient Record in the Cathedrall appeare to have belonged to the Earle of Glocester in respect of his office of Steward and Butler to * 1.2 the Archbishop of Canterbury on the day of his inthroni∣zation: and they were these.

Ista pertinent ad fe••d. Comitis Gloverniae pro officio senescal∣li, die intronizationis cujuslibet Archiepiscopi Cantuar. si tamen summonitus fuerit, & venerit ad faciendum serviti∣um suum & non aliter.

Idem Comes habebit de Archiepiscopo vij robas de scarleto.

Item xxx sextarios vini.

Item l. libras cer•• ad luminare suum proprium pro toto festo.

Item liberationem feni & avenae ad lxxx equos per 2. noctes tantum.

Item discos & salsaria quae assid••bit coram Archiepiscopo ad pri∣mum ferculum.

Item post festum pcrendinationem trium dierum cum l. equis tan∣tùm, sumptibus Archiepiscopi, ubi idem Comes eligere volu∣erit de proximis maneriis dicti Archiepiscopi ad sanguinem min uendum.

Ista pertinent ad feod. ejusdem Comitis, pro Officio Pin∣cernar. die supradicto, si tamen, &c.

Idem Comes habebit vij robas de scarleto.

Item xx sextarios vini.

Item l. libras cerae.

Item liberationem feni & avenae ad lx equos per 2 noctes tantùm.

Item cuppam qua serviet coram Archiep. die festi.

Item omnia dolia evacuata.

Item habebit sex dolia si tot potata fuerint viz. subtus barram, in crastino festi computo recepto, & licèt plura dolia si•• potat•• fuerint, sex tantùm inde habebit, & residuum Archiepiscopo remanebit.

Et nota quòd in intronizatione Roberti de Kilewardby Archiepiscopi, praedict' Comes habuit primò praedicta feo∣da: & tunc habuit unum mantellum cum penula. Et postea in intronizatione I. de Peckam Archiepiscopi ha∣buit duos mantellos.

Ista maneria tenet praedict. comes pro dicto officio senescalli faciend. viz. Tonebregg, cum castro & handlo cum per∣tinen. & totam leucatam.

Ista maneria tenet praedict. comes pro officio Pincernar. viz. Bradestede. Vieleston. Horsmandenne. Melton & Pectes.

See more of this (if you please) in M^r Lamberts Peram∣bulation of Kent in Tunbridge.

To returne to our Archbishop. He gave unto his Covent (saith Bishop Godwin) the Mannor of Caldcote, and the * 1.3 Wood of Thorlehot. Now the Charters of this gift I have seene in the Church Records, dated Anno 1326. In which the Archbishop gives to the Prior and Covent mane∣rium nostrum (as his words are) de Caldecotes juxta Cant. cum

bosco nostro de Toreholt: and that by consent of the King and Pope. In the Popes licence the situation and value of the thing, together with the use which the Covent meant to make of it, and for which they begged it of the Archbishop, is thus expressed. Cum tu (the Pope so writes to the Arch∣bishop) inter alia mensae tuae Archiepiscopalis Cant. bona, unum modicum receptaculum vocat' Caldecote juxta Civitatem Cant. scituat', cum quadam terra eidem adjacen' valoris decem libra∣rum vel circiter ad mensam eandem spectan' obtinere noscaris, quod u••que receptaculum cum terra praedicta, iidem Prior & Capitulum ac dilecti filii monachi ecclesia tuae Cantuarien. san∣guine minuti, & ceteris laboribus futigati ibidem interdum propter loci vicinitatem recreari valeant, multum affectant per te sibi concedi, & in usus eorum perpetuos assignari, &c. In this passage give me leave to take notice of two things, to shew what they meane and were. The first is that of Sanguinis * 1.4 minutio, the other is the worke or labour what it was that the Monkes employed themselves about. For the former (sanguinis minutio) it was apertio venae ad minuendum sangui∣nem. So Reyner in his Onom••sticum. And was used of the Monkes partly (I suppose) to keepe their bodies under, and partly physically and for their health-sake, to evacuate cor∣rupt and bad humours contracted, some may thinke, by their unwholesome dyet, feeding most what upon fish, and course fare; and true it is, by their order they were to ab∣staine from eating flesh; yet heare what Polydor Virgil saith * 1.5 of that matter. Item à carnibus (saith he) perpetuò se absti∣nent, nisi cum aegrotare caeperint. Vnde monachi (marke now) qui hodie continenter carnibus vescuntur, quorum numerus ubi∣que gen••ium extra Italiam ingentissimus est, perpetuò aegrotent necesse est, nisi velint impudenter fateri se contra suas leges fa∣cere s 1.6. So that I conceive they did thus evacuate not so much for unwholesome as for full and high feeding, and much ease withall, a course of life contrary to that of the Primitive Monkes, who fared hardly, and not onely lived by their labour, but used it as a principall meanes of their Mortification t 1.7.

As for the other point, their worke or labour wherein * 1.8 they employed themselves, and were occupied, it was of divers kinds. The Ceremoniale Benedictinum thus sets them forth. Opera autem quibus se occupare debent, sunt haec: vide∣licet scribere libros, aut rubricare, velligare, pergamenum & alia necessaria praeparare, & his similia &c. No longer to di∣gresse this Caldecote Mannor sometime lay partly in the old Parke and there-away, about Cockar-barne, as they now call it for Caldcote-barne.

And now returne we to our Archbishop. To the Nonnes of Davington by Feversham which my Author thinkes were * 1.9 French-women, he gave and prescribed rules or ordinan∣ces in the French Tongue, for their more easie intellect. He amerced the President of S. Bertins, for leasing out, without his privity, the fruits of Chilham Parsonage which belonged to the Priory of Throuleigh, a Cell to S. Bertins, and one of those that in the generall suppression of Priors aliens by Hen. 5. was dissolved. And so much for this Arch∣bishop, * 1.10 except I shall remember his appropriation of the Parsonages of Farley and Sutton to the Hospitall at Maid∣stone of his Predecessor Boniface foundation, and his like appropriation of the Parsonage of Waldershire to Langdon Abbey, unto which about the same time King Ed. 1. gave the Parsonage of Tong.

Notes

• r 1.1

  Lib. eccles. Cant.
• * 1.2

  Earle of Glo∣cester.
• * 1.3

  Caldecote. Thoreholt.
• * 1.4

  Sanguinis mi••∣tio.
• * 1.5

  〈◊〉〈◊〉 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. Rer. lib. 7. cap. 2.
• s 1.6

  〈◊〉〈◊〉. Fras. Co••. In I••opbagia. Fa∣••r, & defen∣•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Haius i•• Astro inex∣••o. q••io. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 pag. 130. &c.
• t 1.7

  Creccelius de Orig. & fund. Monastic. or••. cap. 1.
• * 1.8

  Monkes em∣ployment.
• * 1.9

  Ha p••field.
• * 1.10

  Priors aliens.