Annotations upon the five bookes of Moses, the booke of the Psalmes, and the Song of Songs, or, Canticles VVherein the Hebrevv vvords and sentences, are compared with, and explained by the ancient Greeke and Chaldee versions, and other records and monuments of the Hebrewes: but chiefly by conference with the holy Scriptures, Moses his words, lawes and ordinances, the sacrifices, and other legall ceremonies heretofore commanded by God to the Church of Israel, are explained. With an advertisement touching some objections made against the sinceritie of the Hebrew text, and allegation of the Rabbines in these annotations. As also tables directing unto such principall things as are observed in the annotations upon each severall booke. By Henry Ainsworth.

CHAP. XXVIII.

1, Aaron and his sonnes are set apart for the Priests office. 2, Holy garments are appointed. 6, The Ephod•• 8, And the curious girdle of it. 9▪ The two Beryll stones on the shoulders thereof, on which the names of the twelve Tribes were graven. 15, The Brestplate of judgement, with twelve precious stones therein. 21, on which the names of the twelve Tribes of Israel were gra∣ven: 22, The golden chaines to fasten it. 26, And the golden rings for the same▪ 30, The Vrim and Thum∣mim. 31, The Robe of the Ephod, with Pomgranats and Bels. 36, The golden plate of the Miter. 39, The fine linnen Coate, the Miter, and the Girdle. 40, The Coats for Aarons sonnes, with their girdles and bonnets, 42, and their linnen breeches. 43. The Priests must we are their garments, in their administration.

AND thou, take neere unto thee Aaron [unspec 1] thy Brother, and his Sons with him, from among the Sonnes of Israel, that he may minister-in-the-Priests-office unto mee: Aaron, Nadab, and Ab••hu, Eleazar, and Ithamar, Aarons Sonnes. And thou [unspec 2] shalt make garments of Holinesse for Aaron thy Brother, for honour and for beautifull glory. And thou, speake unto all the wise [unspec 3] hearted, whomsoever I have filled with the spirit of wisedome; and let them make Aa∣rons garments, to sanctifie him, that he may minister-in-the Priests-office unto me. And [unspec 4] these are the garments which they shal make, a Brestplate, and an Ephod, and a Robe, and a Coat of circled-work, a Miter, and a Girdle: and they shall make garments of Holinesse, for Aaron thy brother, and for his Sonnes, that hee may minister-in-the-Priests-office unto mee. And they shall take gold, and [unspec 5] blew, and purple, and scarlet, and fine linnen. And they shall make the Ephod of gold, of [unspec 6] blew, and of purple, of scarlet, and fine linnen twined, the worke of a cunning workeman. It shall have the two shoulder-peeces [unspec 7] joyning together at the two edges there∣of, and it shall bee joyned together. And the curious girdle of his Ephod which [unspec 8]

is upon it▪ shall be of the same, according to the worke thereof, of gold, of blew, and pur∣ple, and scarlet, and fine linnen twined. And [unspec 9] thou shalt take two Beryll stones, and shalt grave on them the names of the Sonnes of Is∣rael. Six of their names on the one stone; and [unspec 10] the names of the fix that are remaining, on the second stone, according to their births. The worke of an engraver in stone, like the [unspec 11] engravings of a signet, shalt thou engrave the two stones, with the names of the sonnes of Israel, inclosed in ouches of gold shalt thou make them. And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the Ephod, [unspec 12] stones of memoriall for the sons of Israel; and Aaron shall beare their names before Ieho∣vah, upon his two shoulders for a memorial.

And thou shalt make ouches of gold. And [unspec 13] [unspec 14] two chaines of pure gold, at the ends shalt thou make them of wreathen worke, & shalt fasten the wreathen chaines to the ouches.

And thou shalt make the Brest-plate of judgement, the worke of a cunning worke∣man, [unspec 15] like the worke of the Ephod shalt thou make it, of gold, of blew, & purple, & scarlet, and fine linnen twined, shalt thou make it. Foursquare shall it be, doubled; a spanne the [unspec 16] length thereof, and a span the bredth therof. And thou shalt embosse in it, embosment of stones, foure rowes of stones: a row, a Sardi∣us, [unspec 17] a Topaz, & a Smaragd, the first row. And the second row, a Chalcedonie, a Saphir, & [unspec 18] [unspec 19] [unspec 20] a Sardonyx. And the third row, an Hyacinth, a Chrysoprase, and an Amethyst. And the fourth row, a Chrysolyte, and a Beryll, and a Iasper, they shall be set in gold in their em∣bosments. And the stones shall be with the names of the Sons of Israel, twelve according [unspec 21] to their names, like the engravings of a signet, every man with his name; they shall be accor∣ding to the twelve Tribes. And thou shalt [unspec 22] make upon the Brestplate, chains, at the end, of wreathen worke of pure gold. And thou [unspec 23] shaft make upon the Brestplate, two rings of gold, and shalt put the two rings on the two ends of the Brestplate. And thou shalt put the two wreathings of gold in the two rings, on [unspec 24] the ends of the Brestplate. And the other two ends of the two wreathings, thou shalt [unspec 25] fa••••en on the two ouches; and shalt put them on the shoulders of the Ephod before it. And thou shalt make two rings of gold, and shalt [unspec 26] put them upon the two ends of the Brest-plate, upon the border thereof, which is in the side of the Ephod inward. And thou shalt [unspec 27] 〈◊〉〈◊〉 two (other) rings of gold, and shalt put them on the two shoulders of the Ephod un∣derneath, towards the forepart thereof, o∣ver-against the coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the Ephod. And they shall binde the Brestplate, by the rings therof, un∣to the rings of the Ephod with a lace of blew, to be above the curious girdle of the Ephod, and that the Brestplate bee not loosed from the Ephod. And Aaron shal beare the names of the Sons of Israel in the Brestplate of judg∣ment upon his heart, when hee goeth in into the Holy place, for a memoriall before Ieho∣vah continually. And thou shalt put in the Brestplate of judgment, the Vrim, and the Thummim, and they shall be upon Aarons hart when he goeth in before Iehovah, and Aaron shall beare the judgement of the Sonnes of Israel, upon his heart before Ieho∣vah continually.

And thou shalt make the Robe of the E∣phod all of blew. And there shall be a hole in the top of it, in the mids thereof: it shall have a binding for the hole, round about of woven worke, as the hole of an habergeon shall it have, that it bee not rent. And thou shalt make upon the skirts thereof, Pomgra∣nats of blew, and of purple, and of scarlet, upon the skirts thereof, round about, & bels of gold, between them round about. A bell of gold and a pomgranate, a bell of gold and a pomgranate, upon the skirts of the Robe round about. And it shall be upon Aaron, to minister; and his sound shall be heard, when he goeth in unto the Holy place before Ieho∣vah, & when, he goeth out, that he die not.

And thou shalt make a Plate of pure gold, and shalt grave upon it like the engravings of a signet; HOLINES TO IEHOVAH. And thou shalt put it on a lace of blew, & it shall be upon the Miter, upon the forefront of the Miter it shall be. And it shall be upon Aarons forehead, and Aaron shall beare the iniquity of the holy things, which the Sons of Israel shall ••allow, in all the gifts of their holy things; and it shall be upon his forehead al∣waies, for favourable acceptation of them before Iehovah. And thou shalt weave with circled worke the Coat of sine linnen; and thou shalt make the Miter of fine linnen: and thou shalt make the Girdle the worke of the Embroiderer. And for Aarons Sonnes th•••• shalt make Coats, and thou shalt make for them Girdles, and Bonnets shalt thou ma•••• for them, for honour, & for beautifull glory. And thou shalt put them upon Aaron thy brother, and upon his sonnes with him; and shalt anoint them, and fill their hand, and sanctifie them, that they may minister-in-the-priests-office

unto mee. And thou shalt make for them linnen breeches to cover the [unspec] naked flesh; from the loines even unto the thighes they shall be. And they shall be upon Aaron, and upon his sonnes, when they goe [unspec 43] in unto the Tent of the congregation; or when they come neare unto the Altar, to minister in the Holy place, that they beare not iniquity, and die: (it shall be) a statute for ever, to him and to his seed after him.

Annotations.

TAke nere] or, cause to come ••igh, that is, to pre∣sent themselves unto thee. Hitherto God [unspec 1] hath appointed such holy things as pertained to his service: now he giueth order for holy persons to administer before him. minister in, &c.] or, execute the Priesthood. This honour no man might take unto himself, but he that was called of God, as Aaron, Heb. 5. 4. In this work Aaron, chiefly figu∣red out Christ, & secondarily all Christians, whom hee hath made priests unto God, Heb. 5. 5. Re. 1. 6.

Vers. 2. of holinesse] that is, holy garments, (in Greeke, an holy stole:) so called because they signi∣fied [unspec] the holy graces of Gods Spirit, wherewith Christ and his people should be clothed. For such an high priest it became us to have, as is holy, harm∣lesse, undefiled, Heb. 7. 26. and Gods priests are to be clothed with justice, and with salvation, Psal. 132. 9. 16. and so are all the Saints, Esay. 61. 10. beau∣tifull glory] the Greeke translateth for honour and glo∣ry. These two, signifie the highest degree of dig∣nitie; honour inwardly in the heart and affections: glory outwardly in the appearance and cariage: (as in Esay. 28. 1. 4. glory, or beauty, is compared to a floure; and in Esay. 61. 3. it is opposed unto ashes.) As Iesus the son of Iosedek the high priest was clo∣thed in filthy garments, which signified iniquitie: in him and his ministration, Zach. 3. 3. 4. so these gar∣ments of honour and glory, signified the holy and pure administration of Iesus the Son of God, who offered himselfe without spot unto God, to purge our conscience from dead workes, Heb. 9. 14. by whom also his Church is clothed with garments of beautifull glory, Esa. 52. 1. with fine linnen cleane and bright, which is the righteousnesse of the Saints, Rev. 19. 8. From this speech of honour and glory: the He∣brew Doctors have delivered, that the garments of the priests were to be new & faire, &c. like the garments of great men. If they were foule, or torne, or overlong, or overshort, &c. and the Priest did his service in them▪ it was unlawfull. Every Priests garment that was made filthy, they did not whiten it, or wash it, but leave it for threds (or weke,) and put on new. The high Prists gar∣ments, when they were old, were laid up in store: and the white garments wherin he served on the fasting day, (mentioned in Lev. 16. 4.) hee never served in them the second time, but they were reserved in the place where 〈◊〉〈◊〉 put them off, as it is written, AND HE SHALL LEAVE THEM THERE, (Levit. 16. 23.) and it was unlawfull to put them to any use. The coats of the inferior Priests, when they were worne old, they made of them threds (or weke) for the Candlesticke continu∣ally. Maimony, in treat. of the Implements of the San∣ctuary, chap. 8. Sect. 4. 5. 6.

Vers. 3. whomsoever] Heb. him whom I have filled. [unspec 3] Here God sheweth his Spirit to be the author and teacher of handicrafts: the Prophet sheweth the like of husbandrie, Esay. 28. 24. 26. sanctifie] or consecrate him, that is, to be a signe of his sanctifica∣tion from God. Therefore it was death to minister without these garments, v. 43. and they are called holy garments, verse 2. and in times following were laid up in holy chambers, and the Priests might not weare them among the people, to sanctifie them with their garments, Ezek. 44. 19.

Vers. 4. circled worke] this differed from broide∣red [unspec 4] worke, which was of many colours, but this coat was of one colour, white, being of fine linnen onely, verse 39. but woven with circles, or round hollow places like eyes; wherefore the same word is after, in v. 11. used for ouches, or hollow places wherin stones were set. Maimony in the forenamed treatise, chap. 8. Sect. 16. saith; The coats both of the high Priest, and of inferiour priests, were of circled worke, that is, had many hollow places (or houses) in the weaving, like the hollow place of cups, &c. and a Girdle] To these sixe adde the golden Plate (or crowne) verse 36. and the Breeches, vers. 42. so the high Priest hath eight ornaments: all which, & no moe, he was to weare in his administration. They may bee viewed in the order as they were put on (Levit. 8. 7. 8. 9. thus:)

1. Breeches of linnen, put next upon his flesh.

2. A Coate of fine linnen, put over the Breeches.

3. A Girdle embroidered, of fine linnen, blew, purple, and scarlet: wherewith the coat was girded.

4. A robe, all of blew, with seventie two bels of gold, and as many Pomgranats, of blew, purple, and scarlet, upon the skirts thereof. This was put over the coat and girdle.

5 An Ephod, of Gold, and of blew, purple, scarlet and fine linnen, cunningly wrought: on the shoul∣ders whereof, were two goodly Beryll stones, on which were graven the names of the twelve Tribes of Israel. This Ephod was put over the Robe, and girded thereto with a Curious girdle made of the same.

6. A Brestplate, cunningly wrought of gold, blew, purple, scarlet, and fine linnen: which being a span square, was fastened by golden chaines and rings upon the Ephod. Herein were set twelve se∣verall stones, on which the names of the twelve tribes were graven: and herein was the Vrim, and Thummim.

7. A Miter of fine linnen, sixteene cubits long, wrapped about his head.

8 A Plate of pure gold, (or Holy crowne,) two fingers broad, whereon was graven HOLINES TO IEHOVAH. This was tyed with a lace of blew, upon the forefront of the Miter.

These eight did the high Priest weare in the Sanctuarie, his feet and hands (as of other Priests) being alwaies bare, and washed daily, when hee went into administer, Exod. 30. 21.

The inferiour priests garments were foure.

1 Linuen Breeches.

2 Fine linnen Coats.

3 Embroidered Girdles of fine linnen, blew, purple, and scatlet, like the high priests.

4 Bonnets of fine linne, as large as the high priests Miter. Of these shall be spoken after in this Chapter particularly▪ 〈◊〉〈◊〉

Vnto these we may here annexe the foure ex∣traordinary garments, which the high priest wore on the Expiation day onely.

• 1 Linnen Br••eches, next his flesh.
• 2 A holy linnen; Coat.
• 3 A linnen Girdle.
• 4 A linnen Miter.

These he put on, when he made reconciliation for the Church, in the most holy place, once in the yeere, (which was the tenth day of Septem∣ber) and having finished his service, hee put these cloths off, and never wore them more, but left them there. See Lev. 16. 4. 23. with the annot.

Verse 5. gold] beaten into thinne plates, and cut into wiers, see Exod. 39. 3. This gold, wrought [unspec 5] with the three bloody colours, & with fine white bisse, signified the faith, obedience, and sufferings of Christ; and his justice, in the administration of his priesthood, Heb. 2. 17. and 5. 7. 8. 9. and 9. 12. 14 Psal. 132. 9.

Verse 6 Ephod] or, Amicle. Ephod is the Hebr. name: so called of compassing fitly the body, and [unspec 6] being tyed thereto, Exod. 29. 5. By the Hebrew Doctors, it was of bredth, according to a mans backe, from shoulder to shoulder: and long behinde, downe to the feet. Maimony, treat. of the Implements of the Sanctuary, Chap. 9. Sect. 9. Others thinke is was short, as a jacke, or habergeon. Iosephus (in the 3. booke of his Antiquities, Chap. 8.) saith it was a cubit long. In Greeke it hath the name of the shoulders, upon which it was put. This was the outmost of all the priests garments; and served to hold fast the Brestplate: and figured out in Christ, his justice, which hee put on, as an habergeon, Esay 59. 17. who appeared clothed like a priest, Rev. 1. 13. Be∣sides this golden Ephod (which the high priest onely did weare) there was another sort of linnen Ephods, worne by inferiour priests, and other per∣sons, 1 Sam. 22. 18. and 2. 18. 2 Sam. 6. 14. cunning workman] who wrought or wove both sides alike▪ 〈◊〉〈◊〉 26. 1. Of this worke, the Iewes have thus recorded: The gold that was in the weaving of the Ephod and of the Brestplate, was thus wrought; He tooke one 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of pure gold, and put it with six threds of blew, and twisted these seven threds as one. And so hee did one thred of gold with fix of purple, and one with six of scarlet, and one with six of linnen. Thus there were foure threds of gold, and 28 threds in all: Of which 28 he 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Brestplate, and Ephod, &c. Maimony treat of the Implements of the Sanctuary c. 9, S. 5. &c.

Verse 7. shoulder peeces] Hercupon this garment is called in Greek Epomis, in Latine Superhumerale, [unspec 7] of being pu•• upmost upon the shoulders There were 〈◊〉〈◊〉 upon it two shoulder peeces, that they might be upon the shoulders of the priest, saith Maimony in the Impl. of the Sanct. Chap. 9. Sect. 9.

Vers. 8. curious girdle] called in Hebrew Cheshe••, [unspec 8] of the cunning workemanship, in Greeke, the woven worke. Of this Maimony, (in the forenamed place, chap. 9. Sect. 9.) saith; The Ephod had as it were two hands, (or peeces) going out from it, in the weaving, on this side and on that, with the which they girded it; and they are called Chesheb (the curious girdle) of the E∣phod, And after (in Sect. 11.) he saith, The curious girdle of the Ephod, was tyed upon his heart, under the Brestplate. This differeth from the Girdle (Abnet,) which is after spoken of in verse 39. and by reason of the gold in this, which the other had not, it is called the golden girdle. And Christ appearing with a priestly garment, and girded about the paps with a golden girdle, Revel. 1. 13. was declared there∣by to be our high Priest, and it hath reference to this curious girdle of the Ephod. See more on Ex∣odus 29. 5. of his Ephod] or, of the Ephod of it, which the Chaldee expoundeth, of the Ornament (or fitting) thereof. This is said to be upon it: to di∣stinguish it from the Girdle after mentioned in verse 39.

Vers. 10. birthes] or, generations, by their mo∣thers; [unspec] First of all, Leahs Children, (as Moses him-selfe reckoneth them, Exod. 1. vers. 2. 3.) and then the other Mothers children, and Rachels last, as shall after bee more fully shewed, in their severall stones; vers. 17. &c. Of this also Maimony writeth, in the same place, chap. 9. Sect. 9. Hee set on each shoulder a Beryll stone, fouresquare, embossed in gold: and he graved on the two stones, the names of the Tribes, sixe on one stone, and sixe on another, according to their birthes: and they wrote Iosephs name Ihoseph (as he is written in Psal. 81. 6.) So there were 25. letters on the one stone, and 25. on the other. And the stone whereon Reuben was written, was on the right shoulder; and the stone that Symeon was written on, was on the left; after the manner here set downe.

Symeon	〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉
Ihudah	〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉
Zabulon	〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉
Dan	〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉
Aser	〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉
Benjamin	〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	Reuben
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	Levi
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	Issachar
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	Naphtali
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	Gad
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	Ihoseph

Vers. 11. ingraver in stone] or, stone cutter, Ieweller. This engraving in precions stone, and that like a signet, with the names of the Sonnes of Israel; signified the firme and perpetuall love, memoriall, esteeme, and sustentation of the Church of Christ, Iob 19. 23. 24. Song 8. 6. Hagg. 2. 23. ouches] that is, bel∣low places, in which the stones were set fast, see v. 4.

Vers. 12. a memoriall] The G. addeth a memorial concerning them. In this worke, Aaron was a figure of Christ, Hebrewes 7. 28. the Sonnes of Israel, of all Saints, called the Israel of God, Galath. 6. 16.

The two Beryll stones, square and of equall 〈…〉〈…〉sse, signified the like precious faith and 〈…〉〈…〉tie, which all have obtained before God 〈◊〉〈◊〉 〈…〉〈…〉, 〈◊◊〉〈◊◊〉 1. Galathians 3. 28. 29. (The Be∣〈…〉〈…〉 being also the stone mentioned in the descrip∣〈…〉〈…〉 of Paradise, Genesis 2. 12. and the stone of 〈…〉〈…〉 28. 20. who figured Christ in his 〈…〉〈…〉 of Israel, Genesis 45. 7. 1••. and 49. 24.) The 〈◊〉〈◊〉 on which they are borne, signified the power and principalitie, which Christ hath 〈…〉〈…〉 Church, presenting the same by his medi∣ation, pure and holy unto God, and causing them to 〈…〉〈…〉 perpetuall memorie, Esay. 9. 6. and 22. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. Eph. 5. 25. 27. Ioh. 17. 19. 20. 24. Mal. 3. 16. Psalme 115. 12.

Verse 14. at the end] or, equall: of like propor∣tion. So in verse 22. The Chaldee translateth limi∣ted▪ [unspec 14] the Greeke, mixed with floures. 〈◊〉〈◊〉.] Hebr. give, which word is used for making firme fast and steadie, as the Scriptures shew; one Pro∣phet saying, Thou hast given, 1 Chron. 17. 22. an other saying for it, Thou hast confirmed, 2 Sam. 7. 24. So after in verse 25.

Vers. 15. Brestplate] in Hebrew, Choshen, which is not easie to interpret; but because it was an or∣nament [unspec 15] of the brest, we call it a Brestplate. Iosephus in his Greeke Antiquities, booke 3. chap. 8. kee∣peth the Hebrew, Essen: the Lxx. Interpreters u∣sually translate it Logeion, and Logion, as being the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ornament, because by Urim and Thummim that was therein, God gave answers to the gover∣nours, Numb. 27. 21. It hath affinity with Cha∣〈…〉〈…〉, that signifieth silence, as implying a silent ora∣cle, to be seene on the brest of the high Priest, ra∣ther then heard. Also with Chazah, that signifi∣eth seeing, and so we may English it, the Contem∣plation (or Consideration) of judgement, and it no∣teth the care that the Priest should have, of answe∣ring judgment and equitie to them that asked of God by him. Whereof see more in the notes on v. 3••. cunning workman] woven both sides alike.

Verse 16. doubled] Maimony (in the foresaid trea∣tise, chap. 9. Sect. 6.) explaineth it thus, that the [unspec 16] cloth (of the Brestplate) was woven with cunning worke of gold, and of blew, purple, scarlet, and fine lin∣nen; with 28. threds, as is before shewed. The length of it was a cubit (that is, two spannes) and the bredth of it, 〈◊〉〈◊〉: and they doubled it into two, so it was a strain every way, foursquare. And they set thereon foure 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of stones, expressed in the Law, and every stone was fouresquare, &c.

Verse 17. Foure rewes] as the twelve tribes en∣camping about Gods Tabernacle, were in foure [unspec 17] quarters, East, West, North, and South, three tribes in every quarter, Numb. 2. Sardius] or Sardine: a precious stone, called in Hebrew, Odem, of Adam, which signifieth Ruddie, Lam. 4. 7. for it was a blood-coloured stone. Accordingly the Chaldee Paraphrase calleth it Samkan, and Thar∣gum Ierusalemy Samketha, that is, Red. In the Greeke, and by the holy Ghost in Rev. 21. 20. it is named a Sardius, (of Sardis a chiefe City in Asia, where such stones were.) On this stone the name of R••ben was engraved, and it foreshewed the war∣like state of that Tribe, which frontierd upon the enemie, and in Sauls daies, conquered the Haga∣runs, 1 Chron. 5. 10, and went armed before their brethren, at the conquest of Canaan. Ios. 4. 12. 13. Topaz] so named of the Greeke Topazion, here, and in Revel. 21. 20. In Hebrew, Pitdah; from the letters of which word transplaced, Topad or Topaz are derived. It was a precious stone found in ••thiopia, Iob 21. 19. By the Hebrew Doctors, and also by Plinie in his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 booke, chap. 8. the To∣paz is of a glorious greene colour, and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in his 16. Booke, of a golden colour. Hereupon one sore of Topaz, is of Plinie named Pras••eides, Greene co∣loured: and to this the Chaldee name agreeth, dar∣kan in Onkelos, and Iarkatha, in Thalgum Ierusa∣lemy, both signifying greene, On this stone Syme∣ons name was graved, of which▪ Tribe there was lit∣tle glory, till Ezekias daies, when the Symeonites smo••e the r••••nant of Amaleeke, 1 C〈…〉〈…〉 4. 42. 43. Sm••••agd] or Emera••ld, as it is also Englished. In Hebrew it is called Barekath, of Barak, which is Lightning, Ezek. 1. 13. and the Chaldee, names a∣gree hereunto. But the Greeke 〈◊〉〈◊〉 it Smarag∣dos, and so the holy Ghost in Revel. 21. 19. Which Smaragd (or Emerauld) is of a most goodly and glorious greene colour, that the eye of man is de∣lighted, refreshed, but, neverfilled with the loo∣ping upon it, as Plinie (in his 37. booke, chap. 5.) saith. And as there are many sorts of Emeraulds, so some glister like the Sunne, whose Charret is ther∣fore feigned by Poets, to shine with cleare Smaragds, Ovid Metamorph. 2. and the Greeke name (as well as the Hebrew) implieth so much Smaragd, as be∣ing Maragd, of Maira, to shine. On this stone, Levi was engraved. So the Ierusalemy Thargum upon this place, having named these three stones, ad∣deth, write plainely upon them, the names of the three Tribes, Reuben, Symeon, Levi. So this glistering stone, foreshewed Levies glory, who should reach Iacob Gods judgments, and Israel his Law, Deut. 33. 10. whose lightnings doe illuminate the world, Psal. 97, 4 Of Levi came Moses and Aaron, and all the Priests, and Iohn the Baptist; who shined as Emeraulds in the Church. So the covenant of grace is resembled by a Rain-bow of an Emerauld colour, in Revel. 4. 3.

Vers. 18. Chalcedonie] in Hebrew Nophec, which [unspec 18] the Chaldee of Onkelos turned Ismeragdin, that is, the Smaragd forem entioned; but Thargum Ierusa∣lemy calleth it Cadcedana, to which the name gi∣ven it by the holy Ghost, Chalcedon, Revel. 21. 19. agreeth. The Greeke version hath Anthrax, that is, a Carbuncle, and so the Chalcedonte is like unto a Carbuncle, and one sort of it, as Plinie sheweth in booke 37. chap. 7. This Charcedonie (as it is also called) shineth cleare like a starre, but somewhat purple-coloured: and the Carbuncle (which is so called Pyropus,) hath the name of fire, like which it shineth. The ground of this Chalcedonie, seemeth to bee the Hebrew Cadcod mentioned in Esay. 54. 12. On this stone, Iudahs name was graven. In Caleb, Othoniel, David, and Solomon, this stone shewed his glory, but above all in Christ, who came of this Tribe according to the flesh,

Hebrewes 7. 14. Saphir] this is the Hebrew name, kept also in Greeke, and other tongues; but in the Chaldee it is Sh〈…〉〈…〉 It is a goodly stone, transparent, very hard, of blew or skie-colour, used therefore in heavenly visions as Exodus 24. 10. E••••kiel 1. 26. The Saphir and the S〈…〉〈…〉ragd, are the most pleasant and comfortable for the eye to looke upon. Vpon this stone the name of Issa∣char was engraved. Sardonyx] This name seemeth to be made of th•• S〈…〉〈…〉 and the Onyx stone, named in Hebrew, Iahalom, of S••••ting; and in Chaldee, Sabh〈…〉〈…〉, that is, bearing strokes: for it is a very hard stone, like the Adamant or Di∣amond▪ and in Revelation 21. 20. is named in Greeke 〈◊〉〈◊〉: which by the name, and by testimonie of 〈◊〉〈◊〉, booke 37. chapter 6. is mix∣ed of a white and ••••ddy colour, shining like to the naile of a mans hand set into flesh. On this gem, Zabulon was graved: so the Ierusalemy Thargum, setting downe this second rew, ad∣deth; Write plainely on them, the names of the three Tribes, Iudah, Issachar, Zabulon. So in Genesis 46. in Exodus 1. 2. 3. in 1 Chronicles 2. 1. and often, these two, Issachar, and Zabulon, are joyned with the former foure Patriarches, that so all Leahs chil∣dren, might be together.

Verse 19. Hyacinth] or, Iacinth, that is, of a bright purple colour: by the Greeke it is translated the [unspec 19] Ligure, but some copies have for it the Hyacinth, and so the Holy Ghost translateth it in Revelation 21. 20. In Hebrew it is named Leshem: upon it Dan was graven: and a citie called Leshem, did afterwards fall unto the Tribe of Dan, as this stone did portend, and so Leshem was called Dan, Ioshua 19. 47. Chrysoprase] which name signifieth a golden greene, so noting the colour of this stone. In Heb. it is Sheb••: the common Greek version maketh it an Achate (or Agate,) of which sort of stone, there are many colours, and some the best, that are greene with a golden list: which therefore the holy Ghost calleth a Chrysoprase, in Revelation 21. 20. Naphtalims name was gra∣ven upon it. So the two Sonnes of Bilhah, Ra∣chels maid, are joyned together. Amethyst] called in Hebrew Achlama: in the Greeke ver∣sion, and in Revelation 21. an Amethyst, which is a stone of a wan purple colour, and ruddie: so being a warlike signe, and Gad was graven on this stone, whose warres were prophesied, and his victories, Genesis 49. 19. and had fulfilling in 1 Chronicles 5. 18. 19. 20. Here againe the Ieru∣salemy Thargum, naming the third row of stones, addeth, Write plainely on them, the names of the three Tribes, Dan, Naphtali, and G••d.

Vers. 20. Chrysolite] which signifieth a golden [unspec 20] stone, for the glorious colour of it, which is a gol∣den Sea greene, and shining. The Hebrew name is Th••••shish: which is also the name of the Ocean Sea, Psalme 48. 8. and accordingly the Chaldee 〈◊〉〈◊〉 it Cr•••••• jamma, of the Sea-colour. The Greeke version, and Revelation 21. call it the Chrysolite. As••r was graven upon this stone, who dwelled neere the Sea, wi••h is brethren. B••ryll] in Hebrew Shoham, in the Greeke version, and in Rev. 21. 29. it is called the Beryll: so the Chaldee here & elsewhere nameth i•• Burla. This was Iosephs stone on which he was engraved: and on two of these stones, all the Tribes were written, v. 11. The Beryll is of the skie-colour, but wate∣rish, and as there are many sorts of Berylls, so have they many colours. This stone is said to be precious, Iob 28. 16. and in Ioseph, Iosua, Debora, Gedeon, Ieph••he, and Abdon the Iudges of Israel, the glo∣ry of the Beryll shewed it selfe. Iasper] of the Hebrew Iashpeh, and the Greeke Iaspis: a stone of great worth and glory; of which are many sorts of sundry colours, some greene, some azure or of aerie colour, called therefore Aerizusa, by Pliny, in Booke 37. Chap. 8. some are party-coloured and spotted, like Panthers, therefore the Chaldee paraphrase here calleth it Pantere: and the Chal∣dee on Song. 5. 14. saith Benjamin was engraved upon Apant••r. This last stone for the yongest Ben∣jamin, is the first foundation in the heauenly Ie∣rusalem, Revelat. 21. 19. The glory of this Ias∣per, shined in Benjamins Tribe, when the Temple of Solomon was there builded in Ierusalem, Deu∣teronomy 33. 12. Iosua 8. 11. 28. and in particu∣lar persons, as Ehud (Iudg. 3.) Mordecai and Ester, but chiefly in Paul the Apostle, who was of this Tribe, Rom. 11. 1. whose writings are as a goodly Iasper, shining among the precious stones of the Scripture. Here also the Thargum Ierusale∣my addeth to the stones of the fourth row: Write plainly on them, the names of the three Tribes, Aser, Ioseph, and Benjamin. set] or, fastened withi•• ••••llow places (or o••ches) of gold, as the Hebrew word implyeth: see verse 11.

Vers. 21. according to] or, by their names, and here [unspec] the Greeke translation addeth, according to their generations (or birthes) as was expressed in the 10. vers. and is here againe implyed. For in the same order that they were graven upon the Be∣••yls, were they here set and graven upon twelve severall stones: as they are here set downe in the page following.

Vpon the	1 Sardine	was gra∣ven	1. Reuben	Sonnes of Leah.
2 Topaze	2. Symeon
3 Smaragd	3. Levi
4 Chalcedonie	4. Iudah
5 Saphir	5. Issachar
6 Sardonyx	6. Zabulon
7 Hyacynth	7. Dan	Of Bilhah, Rachels maid.
8 Chrysoprase	8. Naphtali
9 Amethyst	9. Gad	Of Zelpha, Leahs maid.
10 Chrysolite	10. Aser
11 Beryll	11. Ioseph	Of Rachel.
12 Iasper	12. Benjamin

This order of names is before shewed out of the Ierusalemy Thargum: the same is also expressed by the Chaldee paraphrast upon Son. 5. 14. where speaking of the twelve tribes engraved on twelve precious stones, he nameth them thus: 1 Reuben, 2 Syme••••, 3 Levi, 4 Iudah, 5 Issachar, 6 Zabulon▪ 7 D••••, 8 Naphtali, 9 Ga••, 10 Aser, 11 Ioseph, 12 Benjamin: who were like to the twelve celestiall signes, bright as lamps, and polished in their workes like 〈◊〉〈◊〉, and shining like Saphir••. The same order we shewed also from Maimony, to bee upon the two Berylls, ver. 10. except the transplacing of Bilhahs Sons. like the engravings] the Chaldee addeth, written plainly like the engraving of a ring (or signes.)

Vers. 22. at the end] or, of equalitie: see vers. 14. The Greeke translateth, mixed. [unspec 22]

V. 25. before it] or towards the forepart of it, or of [unspec 25] him, that is the priest; for both on the fore-part of the Ephod, and before the priest did the Brestplate hang.

Verse 26. border] or, edge: Hebrew lip. [unspec 26] [unspec]

Verse 28 bind] with high knots, or they shalt lift up. above, &c.] The curious girdle of the Ephod was bound upon his heart, under the Brest plate: saith Maimony, in the fore-said treatise, Chap. 9. Sect. 11. loosed] the Chaldee saith, broken off. The man∣ner of fastening is by the Hebrews described thus: There were made on each shoulder two rings; one above on the top of the shoulder, and another beneath the shoul∣der, above the curious girdle. And they fastened two 〈…〉〈…〉ings of gold, in the two rings that were above, & they are called chaines. Afterwards, they put the ends of the ••••eathings of the Brestplate, into the rings that were above, on the shoulders of the Ephod. Then they p••t the two laces of blew, which were on the edges of the Brestplate, into the two rings which were above the cu∣rious girdle of the Ephod. And they let downe the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 which were in the rings on the shoulders of the Ephod, unto the rings of the Brestplate which were up∣permost; that the one might cleave fast unto the other, and so the Brestplate might not bee loosed from the E∣phod. M〈…〉〈…〉ony, treat. of the Implements of the Sanctuary 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 9. s. 9. 10.

Ver. 29. upon his heart] The Greeke translateth [unspec 29] upon his brest: so in Revel. 15. 6. the brests girded meaneth the hearts. As before, presenting them ••nto God, he bare them on his shoulders, on two 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of equall worth and glorie: so now, to sig∣nifie Gods favour in Christ towards the Church, they are borne upon his heart, graven on sundry stones, which signified the manifold and sundry graces of the Spirit, wherewith the Saints are glo∣rified here, every one in their measure; proceeding all from the love of Christ. Wherefore the Church desiring confirmation in his grace & love, prayeth, Set me as a ••ignet upon thy heart, Song. 8. 6. me∣moriall] which the graving did signifie, as in Esay 49. 15. 16. I will not forget thee, behold I have graven thee upon the palmes of my hands, &c.

Ver. 30. the Urim and the Thummim] which is [unspec 30] by interpretation, the Lights and the Perfections; but what these were, is not easie to say. The Gr. translateth them, the Manifestation and the Truth. There is no commandement given unto Moses, for to make them; neither is there any mention of them in Exod. 39. where the making of all Aa∣rons ornaments is related: but in Levit. 8. 8. it is said of Moses, he put in the Brestplate, the Vrim and the Thummim. From which some of the Hebrews (as R. Menachem on Exod. 28.) doe gather, that they were not the worke of the artificer, neither had the artificers, nor the Church of Israel, in them any worke, or any voluntary offring; but they were a myste∣rie delivered to Moses from the mouth of God; or they were the worke of God himselfe. For Moses tooke the Urim and the Thummim, and put them in the Brest-plate, after that he had put upon Aaron, the Ephod and the Brestplate, Levit. 8. 7. 8. Some doe thinke, that as those words, Holinesse to Iehovah, (in verse 36.) were graven on a plate, and put on Aarons fore-head: so these words Vrim and Thummim, were likewise graven on a golden plate, and put in the Brestplate, which was double, (verse 16.) for something to be put therein. Others thinke, they were no other then the precious stones fore-spo∣ken of. The use of these Vrim and Thummim, was to enquire of God, and to receive an answer of his will by them; as is said of Eleazar the priest, he shall aske counsell for (Ioshua) after the judgement of Vrim before the LORD, Numb. 27. 21. The man∣ner of asking counsell, is recorded by the Hebrews to be thus. When they inquired, the priest stood with his face before the Arke; and hee that inquired, stood behind him, with his face to the backe of the priest: and the inquirer said, Shall I goe up? or, Shall I not? And hee asked not with an high voice, nor with the

thought of his heart onely, but with a sub〈…〉〈…〉 〈◊〉〈◊〉 as one that prayeth by himselfe. And forthwith; the holy Ghost came upon the Priest, and hee beheld the Brestplate, and saw the〈…〉〈…〉 〈◊◊〉〈◊◊〉 of prophesie, Goe up; or goe not up; in the letters that shewed 〈◊〉〈◊〉 themselves upon the Brestplate before his face. Then the Priest answered him and said, Goe up, 〈◊◊〉〈◊◊〉 not up. And they made no inquiry of two things at once: and if they so inquired yet the〈…〉〈…〉 〈◊〉〈◊〉 but unto the first onely. And they enquired not here••y, for a com∣mon man: but either for the King, or for him on whom the affaires of the Congregation ••ay Maimony, treat. of the Implements of the Sanctuary, Chap. 10. Sect. 11. 12. Of this, see examples which may give light hereunto, in Num. 27. 18. 21. Iudg. 1. 1. and 20. 18. 28. 1 Sam. 13. 9. 10. 11. 12. and 28. 6. These Vrim and Thummim, were lost at the Captivity of Babylon, and wanted at the peoples return••, Ezr. 2: 63. Nehemiah 6. 65. neither doe we find, that ever God answered by them any more. The Bab. Thalmud, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••oma, Chap. 1. sol. 21. speaking of Hag. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 8. where the Hebrew word Ecchabda, (I will be glorified) wanteth the letter H, which in numbring signifieth five, saith, The want of H, sheweth the want of five things, in the second Temple, which had beene in the first, namely, 1 The Arke, with the Mercy-seat; and Cherubims: 2 The fire (from heaven:) 3 The Majesty (or Divine presence:) 4 The holy Ghost: 5 and the Vrins and Thummin By the Majesty (She∣cinah) they seeme to meane the Oracle in the most holy place, where God had dwelt betweene the Cherubims, Psal. 80. 2. Num. 7. 89. And by the holy Ghost, they meane the spirit of prophesie, not onely in the Priests, but in the Prophets, as the Commentary on that place of the Thalmud saith, The holy Ghost was not in the Prophets, from the se∣cond yeere of Darius, &c. that is, after Haggai, Zachary, and Malachie, which were the last Prophets, and in that Kings time, Haggai, 1. 1. Zach. 1. 1 So elsewhere in the Thalmud, in San∣hedrin, Chap. 1. they teach from their ancient Doctors, that after the later Prophets, Haggai, Za∣chary, and Malachi were dead; the holy Ghost went up (or departed) from Israel: howbeit, they had the use of a voice (or Eccho) from heaven. R. Menachem (on Ex. 28.) saith of this Oracle by Vrim & Thum∣mim, that it was one of the degrees of the holy Ghost, (that is, of the gifts of the holy Ghost:) inferiour unto Prophesie, and superiour to the voice (or Eccho.) Like wise R. Moses Gerundens, (on Exod. sol. 146.) affirmeth, that betweene the Voice and the Prophesie, were Urim and Thummin. Of this Voice (or Eccho) there is no mention in the Scriptures of the Pro∣phets: but the Hebrew-Doctors, (which say that it was in Israel after the Prophets ceased,) doe of∣ten write of it, and call it Bathkol, that is, the daugh∣ter of a voice, as it were one voice proceeding out of another, such as we call an Eccho; and which some thinke was with distinct and plaine words. Of old, they had in Israel Oracies or answers from God, three manner of wayes; by Dreames, or by Urim, (that is, the Priest with Vrim and Thum∣mim, Num. 27. 21.) or by Prophets, 1 Sam. 28. 6. 7. When the Lord would by none of these an∣swer King Saul, then he rought to a Witch. The footsteps of these 〈◊◊◊〉〈◊◊◊〉 among the ancient Heathens: as Home•• in 〈◊〉〈◊〉. bringeth in Achil∣••es advising the Greekes in the time of a sore pesti∣lence, to 〈◊◊◊〉〈◊◊◊〉 thereof from God, by some Prophet, or a Priest or a Dreamer of dreames. And as the High 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 was adorned in his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 with Vrim and Thummim, translated in Greek Manifestation and Truth; so among the Egyptians, their high Priest is reported to have an ornament about his necke, of a Saphire stone, and the ornament was called Aletheia, (that is, Truth:) as Aeliam•• writeth in his Greeke History, booke 14. After the losse of Vrim and Thummim, and Prophets in Israel; the godly Iewes held them to the Law of Moses, as they were commanded by the last Pro∣phet, Mal. 4. 4. And hereunto Iesus sonne of Syrach, in Ecclus. 33. 3. seemeth to have reference, say∣ing, The Law is faithfull to him (that understandeth) as the asking of Dela: that is, as the Oracle of Vrim and Thummim, for Vrim is translated into Greeke Dela: 1 Sam. 28. 6. R. Moses bar Maimon, saith, They made in the second Temple Vrim and Thummim, (whereby he meaneth the Brestplate with the pre∣cious stones;) to the end they might make up all the [High priests] eight ornaments, (without which he might not administer,) although they did not enquire (of God) by them. And wherefore did they not enquire by them? Because the holy Ghost was not there. And every Priest, that speaketh not by the holy Ghost, and on whom the Divine-majestie resteth not, they inquire not by him. Maimony, treat. of the Implements of the Sanctuary, Chap. 10. Sect. 10. According to this phrase, are those speeches to be understood, in Ioh. 7. 39. The holy Ghost was not yet, because Iesus 〈◊〉〈◊〉 not yet glorified: and in Acts 19. 2. Wee have not so much as heard, whether there be an holy Ghost. Wher∣by is meant, the gifts of the Spirit, in Prophesie, Tongues, &c. as there followeth in vers. 6. T〈…〉〈…〉 holy Ghost came on them, and they spake with Tongues, and prophesied: which gifts being before ceased, were restored by the Gospell; an evident proofe that the Christ was come, Ioel 2. 28.—32. Acts 2. 4. 17. 18. And in Christ, this mystery of Vrim and Thummim was fulfilled: for in the heart of him our great High-priest, were the gifts of the holy Ghost without measure, 3. 34. unto all Light and Mani∣festation of the Truth, with all perfection and in∣tegrity, Iohn 1. 4. 9 17. and 3. 12. 13. and 18. 37. Coloss. 2. 3. whereby the light of the knowledge of the glory of God, in the face of Iesus Christ, is come unto us; by whom the Spirit of Truth is sent into us, to dwell with us, and to abide with us for ever, Iohn 14. 16. 17. who also hath given us to put on the Brestplate of Faith and Love. 1. Thessalon. 5. 8.

Vers. 31. the Robe] in Hebrew Megnil; in Greek Hupodutes, that is, an Vnderclothing: it was a long garment, worne next under the Ephod. The He∣brewes say, Vpon the Robe, was the Ephod and the Brestplate; and he girded with the curious girdle of the Ephod, upon the Robe, under the Brestplate: and ther∣fore it is called the Robe of the Ephod, because he gird•••• it with the Ephod. Maimony in Implements of the Sanctuary, Chap. 10. Sect. 3. See also Exodus 29. 5.

and Levit. 8. 7. of the Ephod] the Greeke here translateth it Poderee, that is, of the garment-downe∣to the foot. So in Revel. 1. 13. Christ appeareth 〈…〉〈…〉ed with a garment downe to the foot, (in the Gr. there, Poderee:) to shew himselfe, as High Priest for the Church.

Vers. 32. an hole] called in Hebrew a mouth. top] Hebr. head. a binding] or welt; called in [unspec 32] Hebrew a lip. woven worke] Hebrew, the work of the weaver. Iosephus (in his 3. booke of Antiqui∣ties, Chap. 8.) saith, This coat was not of two peeces, but woven in one, without seames on shoulders or sides. Maimony (in treat. of the Implements of the Sanctu∣ary, chap. 9. Sect. 3.) saith: The Robe was all of blew, and the threds thereof were twelve times double; and the hole thereof was woven at the beginning of the wea∣ving. And it had no sleeves, but was divided into two skirts, from the end of the necke unto beneath, after the manner of all Robes: and was not joyned together, but about all the neck only. The Gospell noteth of Christ, how in the dayes of his flesh he wore a coat without seame, woven from the top throughout, Iohn 19. 23. Though that were not a priestly garment, yet was it mysticall.

Vers. 33. Pomgranats] that is, similitudes of them: so the Greeke translateth, as it were Pomgra∣nats [unspec 33] of the flourishing pomegranat tree. scarlet] every sort of these three (saith Maimony) being twisted of eight threds, as it is written, upon the skirts of it twi∣sted, (Exodies 39. 24.) So the threds of these skirts were in all, foure and twenty. And hee made them like pomgranats, which open not their mouth; and hung them on the Robe. Maimony, treat. of the Implements of the Sanct. Chap. 9. Sect. 4. Wheresoever this word TVVISTED is used alone, (as it is in Exod. 39. 24.) it must be eight double threds. Ibid. Chap 8. Sect. 14. The Greek version, both here and in Exod. 39. 24. addeth the fourth stuffe, and of fine linnen twined: but the Hebrew wanteth this, as also the Chaldee. bells] in number, threescore and twelve, (as Maimony sheweth in the soresaid treatise, chap. 9. Sect. 4.) and they were hanged 36 on the one skirt, and 36 on the other. And in these 72 bells, were 72 clap∣pers, all of gold: and the bell, together with the clapper in it, is that which is called (in Hebrew) Pagnamon, (a Bell) saith Maimony, ibidem.

Vers. 35. to minister] in the same: or, when hee ministreth. sound] or, voice; that is, the sound [unspec] of his bells. Whereby was signified the voice of Christ, which is heard of God, in his prayer and mediation: and heard of the people, in his teach∣ing and instruction, Heb. 5. 7. and 7. 25. Deuter. 33. 10. Esay 58. 1. Mat. 12. 18. Therefore these Bels were of gold, to signifie the purity and preci∣ousnesse of the words of Christs; accompanied with Pomgranats, to signifie the fruits and com∣fortable effects of Christs both mediation and doctrine. For Pomgranats, were of the fruits of the holy Land, Deut. 8. 8. and they with the wine that is in them, signified the fruits and graces of the Saints, Song. 4. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 13. and 8. 2. Therefore many such were also in Solomons Temple, 2 Chron. 3. 16. and 4. 13. And the care that this Robe should not be rent (verse 32.) signified the unity of the doctrine and faith of Christ, which should bee a∣mong his people without rents or schismes, 1 Cor. 1. 10 13. 1 Tim. 1. 3. goeth in, &c.] that is, publikely administreth, as this phrase signifieth, Numb. 27. 17. 1 Chron. 27. 1. Acts 1. 21. that he dye not] or, and he shall not dye.

Vers. 36. Plate] the Hebrew Tsits, properly sig∣nifieth [unspec 36] a floure; the Greeke, Petalon, a leafe: because it appeared faire and glorious: after, it is called, the plate of the holy crowne, Exodus 39. 30. It was a long plate of gold, two fingers broad, and reached from one eare (of the Priest) to another, saith Maimony, in Implements of the Sanctuary, Chap. 9. Sect. 1. HOLYNESSE TO IEHOVAH] that is, these words shall be graven upon it: in Hebrew, KO∣DESH LA IEHOVAH: which wee may Eng∣lish, Holinesse to Iehovah, or, The holinesse of Iehovah: and so the Greeke translateth it Hagiasma Kurtou, The holinesse (or Sanctification) of the Lord. These words might bee written (as the Hebrewes say) either in one line, or in two: and the letters were so graven, as that they stood out (above the rest of the plate, and were not cu•• inward.) Maimony, ibid.

Vers. 38. beare] or, take away the iniquity. This [unspec 38] openeth the mystery of this floure; how it figured the mediation of Christ, who by his holinesse which hee had of the Godhead, tooke away the sinnes of his people, which they commit in their most holy and religious actions, Ioh. 1. 19. 2 Cor. 5. 19. 1 Ioh. 2. 1. 2. for favourable acceptation] that is, for a signe that the people are made accep∣table unto God, by the holinesse of Iehovah him-selfe, which through the mediation of this high priest, is imputed unto them, Ephes. 1. 6 2 Cor. 5. 19. And this was graved as a signet, and put on the forehead of the Priest, that it might bee a visible and perpetuall token of Gods gracious acceptation to be seene and read of all the people, to their com∣fort; as also before the Lord, who respecteth his, in the face of Christ.

Vers. 39. coat] the Greeke translateth coats: for [unspec 39] whether it were the high priest, or the inferiour priests, their coats were all of one stuffe, and woven with like worke, Exod. 39. 27. and Maimony in the foresaid treat. Ch. 8. Sect. 16. where he sheweth also, that these coats had sleeues woven of the same and sowen unto the bodies of the coats; which were long, reaching downe to the heeles: and the sleeues for length and widenesse fit for the armes. They figured the garments of justice, wherewith Christ and his children are arayed, Psal. 13 2. 9. Re∣vel. 19. 8. Miter] in Hebrew Mistnepheth, which signifieth a thing wrapped about the head. Such as the Tuffe which at this day is worne in the Easterne countries. By the Hebrew records, the high priests Miter, and the inferiour priests Bonnets, were all of one stuffe and size: and differed onely in the manner of wrapping about the head; the Miter being woond more flat, and the Bonnets more round and high crowned. The Miter of the high priest, or of the inferiour priests, was sixteen cubits (that is, 24 foot) long, saith Maimony in Implements of the Sanctuary, Chap. 8. Sect. 2. 19. It was an orna∣ment for priests and for Kings, Ezek. 21. 26. and

signified both the power and authoritie which they had for their office vnder God, Zach. 3. 5. and their pure administration therof in Justice & judg∣ment, as Iob said, My judgment was as a Robe and a Miter, Iob 29. 14. So Christ our high priest, appea∣ring in a priestly Garment downe to the foot, had also his head, (that is, the attire of his head) and his haires, white as wooll, and as snow, Rev. 1. 13. 14. as in Song 5. 11. his head is of fine gold; as was the plate on the high priests forehead, and as a King with his crowne. Among the heathen Romanes, their chiefe priests were called Flamines; of the attire of their heads, as being Pileamines, without which, it was unlawfull for them to goe out of doores. Pomp. Laetus de Rom. sacerd. tit. de Flaminib. and Plutarch in Numa. Among the Arabians also, their high priests were clad with linnen garments, & Miters; Alex. ab Alex. lib. 2. cap. 8. Girdle] in Hebrew Abnet: it was made of fine linnen, and of blew, and purple, and scarlet, Exodus 39. 29. The Hebrew Doctors write, it was about three fingers broad, and two and thirtie cubits long: they wound it about, and turned it one fold upon another. The High priests Girdle was in making like to the other Priests. It was to gird the coat with, which was under the Robe, Levit. 8. 7. and Maimony, treat. of the Implements of the Sanctuary, Chap. 8. Sect. 2. 19. and Chap. 10. Sect. 1. Iosephus (in his 3. booke of Antiquities, Chap. 8.) saith, The coat was girt with a girdle foure fingers broad, but empty within; and woven so as it was like a serpents skin, pictured with flowers, red, purple, blew, and of fine linnen; the woofe was onely fine linnen; which being wound and tyed once or twice about the brest, hung downe to the ankles, so long as he did not minister; but when he ministred, lest it should hinder him, he cast it upon his left shoulder. This must bee understood of the inferiour Priests girdles; for the high priest could not so doe, by reason of his garments above it. These girdles signified the truth, constancy, and expedition of Christ in his ministration; and so of all Christians, Ephes. 6. 14. Esay 22. 21. Luke 12. 35. See the notes on Exodus 12. 11. em∣broiderer] or, weaver with tinsell worke: See Exodus 26. 1. 36. The embroidery or cunning workman∣ship, was in the weaving: for of all the Priests gar∣ments, none was made of needle worke, but of woven worke, as it is written, (in Exod. 39. 22. 27.) THE VVORKE OF THE WEAVER: saith Maimony, in Implements of the Sanctuary, Chap. 8. Sect. 19.

Vers. 40. Coats] of fine-linnen, such as the high Priest had, Exodus 39. 27. so for the girdles, and [unspec 40] bonnets, they were of the same stuffe and worke∣manship that the high Priests: as is before noted. And figured the garments of Christs children, made white in his blood, wherein they serve God day and night in his Temple, Rev. 7. 14. 15. and 19. 8. Among the Heathens also, they that sacrifi∣ced to their gods, were clad in white rayment, Valer. Max. b. 1. c. 1. Bonnets] of linnen cloth, wrap∣ped about their heads, much like the high Priests Miter. See the notes on vers. 39. So wee Christi∣ans are to put on our heads, the hope of salvation for an helmet, and under it for to rejoyce, 1 Thes. 5. 8. Rom. 5. 2. for the tire upon the head, is opposed un∣to mourning, Ezek. 24. 17. 23.

Vers. 41. anoint] with the holy oyle, made at Gods [unspec] direction: see Exodus 30. 23. 30. and 29. 7. fill their hand] that is, consecrate and dedicate them unto the ministery. This was by putting the flesh of the sacrifice, with bread, &c. into their hand: whereof see Exodus 29. 9. 23. 24. The Greeke kee∣peth the Hebrew phrase: but the Chaldee trans∣lateth, thou shalt offer their offrings.

Vers. 42. breeches] alike for the High Priest, and [unspec] for the other, of the same matter and forme. naked flesh] that is, the secret and shamefull parts, called in the Hebrew the flesh of nakednesse (or of fhame,) because of those parts we are most ashamed when we are naked. The Greeke translateth, the shame of their body. So each of these words, is used for our shamefull parts: flesh, in Gen. 17. 11. Ezek. 23. 20. nakednesse, in Gen. 9. 22. 23. Lev. 18. 7. which are here commanded to bee covered with linnen, which signified righteousnesse, Revel. 19. 8. even the righteousnesse which is of God by faith, wher∣by our sinne (which is our shame, Romans. 6. 21.) is covered, Rom. 4. 6. 7. And as all these garments are given of God to Aaron and his sonnes: so hee it was that clothed our first pa∣rents after their nakednesse, Gen. 3. 21. and he hath spred his skirts over us, and covered our filthiness, when we were naked and bare, Ezek. 16. 7. 8. and counselleth all, to buy of him white rayment, that they may be clothed, and their filthie nakednesse appeare not, Revel. 3. 18. even to put on the Lord Iesus Christ, and to make no provision for the flesh, to fulfill the lusts therof, Rom. 13. 14. the thighes] from above the navell, a little off from the heart, unto the end of the thigh; saith Maimony in Implements of the Sanctuary, Chap. 8. Sect. 18. Though these parts were covered by the former garments, yet lest by wind, or any other accident, they should haply be discovered, God (for more reverence of his Ma∣jesty, and regard of seemlinesse and honesty,) ap∣pointeth this close covering, which (as Maimony expresseth) were tyed with strings, and made close like a purse. Thus God gave more abundant ho∣nour, to that part which lacked; and our uncome∣ly parts, have more abundant comelinesse, as Paul saith, 1 Cor. 12. 23. 24.

Vers. 43. beare not iniquity] that is, beare not pu∣nishment for this iniquity, and dye. The Greeke translateth, and they shall not bring sinne upon them∣selves, that they dye not. For God is of purer eyes, then to behold evill, Hab. 1. 13. and hee that had not on his wedding garment, was bound hand and foot, and cast into utter darknesse, Matth. 22. 12. 13. Blessed therefore is he that watcheth and keepeth his garments: lest he walke naked, and his shame be seene, Revelat. 16. 15. This caution is not for the breeches onely, but for all the garments; as the Hebrew Doctors have gathered thus; The high Priest that ministreth with lesse then these eight gar∣ments, or the inferiour Priest that ministreth with lesse then these foure garments, his service is unlaw∣full, and hee is guilty of death by the hand of God; even as a stranger that ministreth; as it is written, (in Exodus 29. 9.) AND THOV SHALT GIR∣THEN

VVITH GIRDLES, &c. AND THE PRIESTHOOD SHALL BE THEIRS: when thee garments are upon them, their Priesthood is upon them: if their garments be not upon them: their priest-hood is not upon them, but loe they are as strangers; and it is written (in Num. 1. 51.) THE STRANGER THAT COMMETH NIGH SHALLBE PVT TO DEATH. As he that wanteth his garment, is guiltie of death, and his service unlawfull: so is he that hath moe garments. As hee that puts on two coats, or two girdles; Or, the common priest that puts on the high priests garments, and serveth; loe he polluteth the ser∣vice and is guiltie of death by the hand of (the God of) heaven. Maimony, in treat. of the Implements of the Sanctuarie, ch. 10. sect. 4. 5.