Annotations upon the five bookes of Moses, the booke of the Psalmes, and the Song of Songs, or, Canticles VVherein the Hebrevv vvords and sentences, are compared with, and explained by the ancient Greeke and Chaldee versions, and other records and monuments of the Hebrewes: but chiefly by conference with the holy Scriptures, Moses his words, lawes and ordinances, the sacrifices, and other legall ceremonies heretofore commanded by God to the Church of Israel, are explained. With an advertisement touching some objections made against the sinceritie of the Hebrew text, and allegation of the Rabbines in these annotations. As also tables directing unto such principall things as are observed in the annotations upon each severall booke. By Henry Ainsworth.

CHAP. L.

1, Ioseph weepeth for, and imbalmeth his father. 4, He getteth leave of Pharaoh, to goe to bury him. 7, The funer all solemnized by the Elders of Egypt; and by Ioseph and his brethren. 13, Iakob is buried in Machpelah. 15, Iosephs brethren aske him for give∣nesse. 19, He comforteth them. 22, His age, 23, He seeth the third generation of his sonnes. 24, Hee pro∣phesieth unto his brethren, of their returne into Cana∣an. 25, He taketh an oath of them, to cary his bones. 26, He dieth, is imbalmed, and chested in Egypt.

ANd Ioseph fell, upon his fathers face; and wept upon him, and kissed him. [unspec 1] And Ioseph commanded his servants [unspec 2] the Physitians; to imbalme his father: and the Physicians imbalmed Israel. And four∣tie dayes were fulfilled for him; for so, are ful∣filled, [unspec 3] the dayes of the imbalmed: and the Egyptians wept for him, seventie dayes. And the dayes of his weeping, were passed; [unspec 4] and Ioseph spake, unto the house of Pha∣raoh, saying: If now, I have found grace, in your eyes; speake I pray you, in the eares of Pharaoh, saying. My father made me swear saying; Loe I, dye: in my grave, which I [unspec 5] have digged for me, in the land of Canaan; there shalt thou bury mee: And now, let me g••••-up I pray thee, and bury my father, and I will come againe. And Pharaoh said: [unspec 6] Go-up, and bury thy father, as he made thee sweare. And Ioseph went-up, to bury his fa∣ther: and with him, went-up all the servants [unspec 7] of Pharaoh, the elders of his house: and all the elders, of the land of Egypt. And all [unspec 8] the house of Ioseph; and his brethren, and his fathers house: onely their little-ones, and their flocks, and their herds, they left in the land of Goshen. And there went up [unspec 9] with him, both charrets and horsmen: and it was, a very great company. And they [unspec 10] came, unto the threshing-floore of Atad; which was beyond Iordan; and they wailed there, with a very great and heavy wayling: and he made a mourning, for his father se∣ven dayes. And the inhabitants of the land, [unspec] the Canaanites, saw the mourning, in the threshing-floore of Atad; and they sayd, this is a heavy mourning, to the Egyptians: therefore the name of it was called, The mourning of the Egyptians; which is be∣yong Iordan. And his sonnes, did unto [unspec] him; so, as he had commanded them. And his sonnes caried him, into the land of Ca∣naan; and buried him, in the cave of the field of Macpelah: which Abraham bought, with the field, for a possession of a burying place; of Ephron the Chethite, before Mam∣ree. And Ioseph returned into Egypt, he and his brethren; and all that went-up with him, to bury his father: after, he had buried his father. And Iosephs brethren saw, that [unspec] their father was dead; and they said; Ioseph will peradventure hate us: and rendring will render, unto us; all the evill, which wee have rewarded him. And they comman∣ded [unspec] (some) unto Ioseph, saying: thy father did command, before he dyed, saying. Thus [unspec] shall ye say unto Ioseph; I pray thee forgive now, the trespasse of thy brethren and their sinne, for they rewarded thee evill; and now, we pray thee forgive; the trespasse of the servants, of the God of thy father: and Io∣seph wept, when they spake unto him. And [unspec] his brethren also went, and fel downe before him: and said; Behold we be to thee, for ser∣vants. And Ioseph sayd unto them, feare [unspec] not; for, am I in the place of GOD? And you, ye meant against mee evill: God [unspec] meant it unto good; for to doe, as it is this day, to save-alive much people. And now, [unspec] feare ye not; I will nourish you, and your lit∣tle ones: and he comforted them; and spake, unto their heart. And Ioseph dwelt in E∣gypt; [unspec] hee, and his fathers house: and Io∣seph lived, an hundred and ten yeeres. And [unspec]

Ioseph saw, unto Ephraim; sonnes, of the third generation: also the sonnes of Machir, sonne of Manasses; were borne, upon Io∣sephs knees. And Ioseph said, unto his bre∣thren; I dye: and God, visiting will visit [unspec 24] you, and will, make you goe-up out of this land unto the land, which he sware to Abra∣ham, to Isaak, and to Iakob. And Ioseph, made the sonnes of Israel swear, saying; God [unspec 25] visiting will visit you; and yee shall carie up my bones, from hence. And Ioseph dyed, an hundred and ten yeeres old: and they im∣balmed [unspec 26] him, and hee was put in an arke, in Egypt.

Annotations.

PHysicians] in Greeke imbalmers. imbalm] which was, with myrrh, aloes, and other spices, [unspec 1] that the dead bodies might not stinke or putrifie, Ioh. 19. 39. 40. so laying them as in a bed of sweet odours, 2 Chron. 16. 14. and this with the solemnities of his buriall, was to doe Iakob honor at his death, as 2 Chron. 32. 33. and to keepe his body sweet, for buriall in Canaan: besides fur∣ther mysterie of the resurrection with incorrupti∣on in Christ, who was also imbalmed himselfe, Mark. 14. 8. Ioh. 12. 7. and 19. 40. Of the Egyp∣tian manner of imbalming and burying in ages following it is said by historiographers, that they tooke out the bowels of the dead, cleansed them, and washed them with wine of dates, and after that againe with odours: then filled they the bowels with pure myrrh beaten, and Cassia, and other odours (except frankincense;) and sowed them up. After this they seasoned the corps hidden in nitre, seventy daies, not lon∣ger. After seventie daies, they washed the corps, and wrapt it in fine linnen cloth gummed; which gumme the Egyptians often used in stead of glew, &c. The Nitre consumeth the flesh, and leaveth onely the skin and bones of the dead person. Herodot. in Euterpe.

Vers. 5. Idye] or, I, am dying: see Gen. 47. 29. 30. 31. digged] or, bought, as the word some∣time [unspec 5] signifieth, Deut. 2. 6.

Vers. 7. all the servants] that is, a great multitude of them: so Mat. 3. 5. all Iudea: that is, very ma∣ny [unspec 7] from all parts. elders] or Senators; that is, governours, officers, counsellors, as Ezek. 7. 26. joy∣ned therefore with Princes, Psal. 105. 22.

Vers. 9. very great] Hebrew, vehemently heavie, or weighty; which the Greeke translateth a great [unspec 9] campe, (or company.) So a weightie people, 1 Kings 3. 9. is by the Hebrew text elsewhere expounded, agreat people, 2 Chron. 1. 10.

Vers. 10. Atad] by interpretation a bramble, [unspec 10] Psal. 58. 10. It seemeth this floore was beset with brambles, and thereof had the name. beyond] in the inside of Iordan, for Moses when hee wrote these things, was on the outside, in the wilder∣nesse; Deut. 1. 1. and 3. 25. seven dayes] so long they were by the law of God uncleane by the dead, whosoever touched the same; Numb. 19. 11. so long also the Iewes custome after was to mourne, as Maimony sheweth in Misn. Tom. 4. treat. of Mourning, chap. 1. and Ben Syrach saith, Seven daies doe men mourne for him that is dead, Eccles. 22. 12. There was also a lesser degree of mourning, which dured thirty dayes, that the Hebrew doctors gathered from Deut. 21. 13. she shall bewaile her father and her mother a moneth of daies: those thirtie daies, they might not trim the haire of their head or beard; nor weare white new garments, nor marrie: and the like. Maimony ibidem, ch. 6.

Vers. 11. inhabitants] Hebrew, inhabitant: and [unspec 11] Canaanite. See Gen. 10. 16. heavy] in Greek great, as before in verse 9. was called] Hebrew he (that is, every one) called: see the notes on Gen. 16. 14. The mourning] Hebr. Abel Mizaim.

Vers. 15. peradventure] or, it may be. The [unspec 15] guilty conscience causeth feare, Levit. 26. 36. rewarded him] that is, done of our owne accord un∣to him.

Vers. 16. commanded] that is, sent some on their [unspec 16] message to Ioseph: and after, went themselves, verse 18. The word command, is effectually to procure a thing to be done: as God commandeth his blessings and mercies, by effectuall sending them; Psal. 42. 9. and Levit. 25. 21. Deut. 28. 8. where the Greeke translateth send. Here, the Greeke expoundeth it, they came unto Ioseph, and said.

Vers. 17. of the God] by this speech, they seem, [unspec 17] both to insinuate their repentance, and faith to obtaine mercy at Gods hand; and use a reason to obtaine the like at Iosephs. For if we forgive men their trespasses, our heavenly Father will also for∣give us, otherwise not. Mat. 6 12. 14. 15. Where∣fore it is said, forgive one another, even as God for Christs sake forgave you. Ephes. 4. 32. But the He∣brew Doctors observe a difference betweene dammage to our neighbour in his goods, and hurts, or injurie to his person, (which here was Io∣sephs cause.) They say: hee that doth his neighbour dammage in his goods, when hee hath paid that which hee ought to pay; atonement is made for him. But he that hurteth his neighbour, although hee gave unto him (for satisfaction) the five things. (namely, 1. dammage it selfe, as when eye must bee given for eye, tooth for tooth, 2. for the smart, 3. for his healing, 4. for his resting from his labour, 5. for his shame or dishonour; of which see the notes on Exod. 21. 19.) yet atonement is not made for him: yea though he should sacrifice (to God) all the Rams of Nebaioth, (Esay 60. 7.) yet atonement is not made for him, nor his iniquitie forgiven; unill he request it of him that was hurt, and he doe forgive him. Mai∣mony in Misneh, Tom. 4. treat. of Hurt and dammage, chap. 5. S. 9.

Vers. 21. unto their hart] that is, friendly, comfor∣tably, [unspec 21] and which pleased them: as, that which came into Solomons heart, 2 Chron. 7. 11. is ex∣pounded, that which he was pleased to do, 1 King. 9. 1. See also the notes on Gen. 34. 3. Here Io∣seph

is an example of lenitie, and readinesse to for∣give; and to doe good for evill, as Christ teacheth all: Matt. 5. 44. So the Hebrew canons say, It is unlawfull for him that is hurt, to bee cruell and not to forgive: this is not the way of the seed of Israel. But when hee that did the hurt, doth request it, and aske grace of him, once or twise, and hee kneweth that hee turnes from his sinne, and repenteth of his evill: hee shall forgive him, Maimony in his said treat. of Hurt and dammage, ch. 5. S. 10.

Vers. 23. third generation] or third sonnes. So [unspec 23] was his blessing begun to bee accomplished, Gen. 49. 22. and 28. 19. borne] that is, brought up: Of Machir, see Num. 32. 39.

Vers. 24. visiting, &c.] that is, will surely visit, [unspec 24] meaning in mercy: See Gen. 21. 1. This was a testification of his faith in Gods promises; as is written, by faith Ioseph at his ending, made mention of the departure of the sonnes of Israel, and gave com∣mandement concerning his bones, Heb. 11. 22. The land of Canaan, was a signe of their heavenly in∣heritance, as before is shewed, on Gen. 12. 5. & 17. 8. Heb. 11. 13. 14. 16. and there Christ rising from the dead, should bee the first fruits of them that slept, by whom the resurrection of the dead (which Ioseph exspected) was to come, 1 Cor. 15. 20. 21. 22. And there many bodies of the Saints which slept arose, and came out of the graves, after Christs resurrection: Matt. 27. 52. 53.

Vers. 25. from hence] or, from this place: the [unspec] Greeke addeth with you. This charge was ful∣filled, when at their going out of Egypt, Moses tooke the bones of Ioseph with him, Exod. 13. 19. which afterward were buried in Sechem, Iakobs purchase, and Iosephs sonnes heritage, Ios. 24. 32. Stephen sheweth that the other Patriarchs (the sonnes of Iakob,) were buried also in Sychem in the land of Canaan, Act. 7. 16.

Vers. 26. old] Hebrew, sonne of 110. yeeres [unspec 26] Gen. 5. 32. The same was the age of Iesus (or Iosuah) when he dyed; the conqueror of Canaan, and one of Iosephs seed: Ios. 24. 29. an arke] or chist, coffin: to be ready, at their removall out of Egypt. This death of Ioseph, (whereat the first book of Moses endeth,) was after the creation of the world, 2369. yeeres.