Annotations upon the five bookes of Moses, the booke of the Psalmes, and the Song of Songs, or, Canticles VVherein the Hebrevv vvords and sentences, are compared with, and explained by the ancient Greeke and Chaldee versions, and other records and monuments of the Hebrewes: but chiefly by conference with the holy Scriptures, Moses his words, lawes and ordinances, the sacrifices, and other legall ceremonies heretofore commanded by God to the Church of Israel, are explained. With an advertisement touching some objections made against the sinceritie of the Hebrew text, and allegation of the Rabbines in these annotations. As also tables directing unto such principall things as are observed in the annotations upon each severall booke. By Henry Ainsworth.

Annotations.

BEersheba] in Greeke, The well of the eath, see Gen. 21. 14. 31. and 26. 33. this was the way [unspec 1] from Chebron in Canaan, towards Egypt: and a place where he and his fathers had received mer∣cies from God. Gen. 21. 31. 33. and 26. 33. sacrificed] that is, killed beasts for sacrifice: so both giving thankes for the tidings of Ioseph, and con∣sulting with God about his going into Egypt; whither in former time, Isaak his father was for∣bidden to goe, in time of famine, Gen. 26. 1. 2. 3. and whereof he now made some doubt, v. 3. For he knew the oracle, that his seed should bee affli∣cted in Egypt, Gen, 15. 13. 14. and now hee and his fathers had beene pilgrimes 215. yeeres, from the time that God had promised the inheritance of Canaan unto Abraham, Gen. 12. and hee saw little hope of the fulfilling of that promise, being now to goe but with 70. soules into an other bar∣barous country. Onely, as by faith they had sojour∣ned in the land of promise, as in a strange country, Heb. 11. 9. so now also by faith hee would goe to sojourne in Egypt, if God should so command him. Among the Gentiles they used also to offer sacrifice, when they tooke a journey in hand: Fe∣stus lib. 14.

Vers. 2. visions,] in Greeke, a vision, or Sight. See [unspec 2] Gen. 15. 1.

Vers. 3. God] Hebr. Ael; that is, the mighty: see [unspec 3] Gen. 14. 18. make of thee] Hebr. put thee there unto a great nation. So Gen. 21. 13. This God had promised him in times before, Gen. 28. 14. and 35. 11.

Vers. 4. bringing bring-up] that is, surely bring [unspec 4] thee up: Gr. will bring thee up unto the end. This promise was like that which God gave him when he went to Mesopotamia, Gen. 28. 15. And Iakob himselfe was brought againe into Canaan, dead Gen. 50. 5. 13. his posterity were brought alive a mighty army, Ios. 3. &c. And from hence, the Hebrew Doctors gather a generall rule, that wher∣soever Israel are in captiuity (or affliction) the pre∣sence of God is with them. R, Menachem on Gen. 46. upon thine eyes] that is, shall close up thine eye when thou dyest: and so burie thee. An ancient and honourable custome, used of them, and all nations. The custome (afterwards) in Israel, about the dead, and their buriall, was this; they closed up the eyes of the dead; and if his mouth were open, they tyed up his jawes, and stopped the holes of his body, after that they had washed him: and anointed him with ointment made of divers sorts of spices: and shaved off his haire, and wrap∣ped him in white linnen clothes, that were not of deare price: and they used to cover the face of the dead with a napkin of a zuz, (that is, a quarter of a shekel) price, that the poore might bee able also to buy it, &c. And it was unlawfull to bury them in shrowds of silke, or cloth of gold, or broiderie, though hee were a Prince in Israel; for this was grosse pride of spirit, and the cor∣rupt worke of infidels. And they caried the dead upon their shoulders unto the grave. Maimony in Misn. tom. 4. treat. of Mourning, ch. 4. S. 1. 2.

Vers. 6. into Egypt] to sojourne there, in the [unspec 6] land of Cham. Psal. 105. 23. This journey of his is sundry times mentioned, Ios. 24. 4. Esa. 52. 4. Act. 7. 15. Num. 20. 15. Deut. 10. 22. This was in the 130. yeere of Iakobs life, Gen. 47. 9. after the pro∣mise made to Abraham 215. yeeres, Gen. 12. 4. in the yeere of the world, 2298. seed] that is,

children, or posterity. See Gen. 3. 15. and 13. 55. So the Chaldee translateth it sonnes.

Vers. 7. daughters] one daughter, Dinah, verse 15. so in vers. 23. sonne. for one sonne. [unspec 7]

Vers. 9. Carmi] in Greeke Charmee. These foure, were heads of their fathers house, and of them are [unspec 9] named the families of the tribe of Reuben: Exod. 6. 14 Num. 26. 5. 6. 1 Chron. 5. 3. So of the rest that follow.

Vers. 10. Iemuel] called also Nemuel, in Numb. [unspec 10] 26. 12. 1 Chro. 4. 14 Ohad] in Greeke Aod. This man is not mentioned in the families of Sime∣on, Num. 26. 12. 1 Chro. 4. 24. it seemeth hee and his were then perished. Iachin] called also Ia∣rib. 1 Chron. 4. 24. of him was a familie called Iachinites, Numb. 26. 12. Zohar] in Greeke Saar: by transposition of letters hee is also called Zerah, and his familie Zarhites, Num. 26. 13. 1 Chro. 4. 24. Canaanitesse] or Canaanitish woman; the cursed stocke, with which Israels sonnes ordi∣narily might not marry; Gen. 28. 1.

Vers. 11. Gershon] called also Gershom, 1 Chron. [unspec 11] 6. 16. Kohath] or Kehath, in Greeke Kath. This man was grand-father to Aaron and Moses, and Marie: Exod. 6. 18 20. Of this familie came the Priests of Israel, 1 Chro. 6. 3. 4. &c. and the Ko∣hathites had the principall place in the service of the sanctuarie, Num. 3. 31. and they are reckoned before the Gersonites, Num. 4. 34. &c.

Vers. 12. dyed] by untimely death, at Gods [unspec 12] hand, for their sinne, Gen. 38. 7—10. Hezron] in Greeke Asron; but the Apostle writeth him in Greeke, Esrom, Mat. 1. 3. by interpretation, the mid∣dest of exultation.

V. 13. Issachar] why his familie is set before other his elder brethren, is shewed on Gen. 35. 23. [unspec 13] Thola] he had a rare blessing, in multitude of chil∣dren: for of this Tholah were 22600. valiant men of warre, in Davids dayes, 1 Chron. 7. 2. There was also a Iudge of this name and tribe, Iudg. 10. 1. Phuvah] called also Phuah, 1 Chron. 7. 1. and so the Greeke here writes him, Phoua. Iob] called also Iashub, Num. 26. 24. 1 Chron. 7. 1. and so the Greeke writeth him here, Iasoub. Simron] or Shimron; in Greeke, Zambran.

Vers. 14. Elon] in Greeke, Allon. Iahleel] [unspec 14] in Greeke, Aiel.

Vers. 15. Padan] or Mesopotamia; see Gen. 25. [unspec 15] ••0. There Leahs sonnes were borne; but the fami∣lies of her sonnes here reckoned, were borne after they came thence into Canaan. all the soules] that is, persons. Gen. 12. 5. Heb. soul, which the Greeke translateth, soules: so after. and three] counting Iakob himselfe for one, as verse 8. and excluding Er and Onan, which were dead; as Leah herselfe also was.

Vers. 16. Ziphion] called also Zephon, Num. 26. [unspec 16] 15. and here in Greek Saphon. Suni] in Greek, Sannis. Ezbon] called also Ozni, Num. 26. 16. in Greeke here Thasoban. Eri] in Greeke, Aedeis. Arodi] called Arod, Numb. 26. 17. in Greeke, Aoredes.

Vers. 17. Iisvah] in Greeke, Iesova. This mans name and familie is wanting, in Num. 26. 44. [unspec 17] Beriah] in Greeke Baria, and Sara their sister.

Vers. 19. wife] so called rather then the rest, be∣cause [unspec 19] Iakob purposed to maried her onely, and lo∣ved her best; see Gen. 29. 18. 30.

Vers. 20. priest] or prince: see Gen. 41. 45. The [unspec 20] Greeke saith, Priest of Heliopolis. Ephraim] Here the Greeke translation addeth these words: And the sonnes of Manasses, whom his concubine Syrabare unto him, were Machir: And Machir begat Galaad. And the sonnes of Ephraim, Manasses brother, were Su∣talaam and Taam, and the sonnes of Sutalaam; Edem. This is not in the Hebrew of Moses, but was trans∣lated by the Greeke interpreters; from 1 Chron. 7. 14. 20. unto this place, by reason of that speech in Gen. 50. 23. that Ioseph saw his children to the third generation. And having added these five sonnes and nephewes, they doe summe up all in verse 27. to be 75. soules, where the Hebrew hath but 70. and the new testament also alleageth that number, 75. in Act. 7. 14. following the Greeke, as it doth elsewhere for Cainan, in Luk. 3. as is observed on Gen. 11. 12.

Vers. 21. Belah] in Greeke, Bala; he was the el∣dest [unspec 21] of his sonnes, 1 Chron. 8. 1. Becher] in Greeke, Chobor: he was not the second, but seemeth to be the fourth sonne, called Nohah, 1 Chron. 8. 2. neither is his name or family reckoned, in Numb. 26. 38. but in 1 Chro. 7. 8. there is mention of his children. Ashbel] in Greeke, Asphel. hee was the second sonne by birth, 1 Chro. 8. 1. called also Iedi∣ael. 1 Chron. 7. 6. and is named as second in Num. 26. 38. Gera] the Greek translation addeth, and the sons of Bala were Gera. &c. which seemeth to be taken from 1 Chron. 8. 3. where one Gera is made son of Belah. But how Benjamin being himselfe so yong, should now have a sons son, is hard to com∣prehend. Moreover in Numb. 26. 38. there is no mention of Gera: neither was he Benjamins third sonne, but Achra, 1 Chron 8. 1. called here Aechi. Naaman] in Greeke, Noeman: in 1 Chron. 8. 4. one of this name is sonne to Belah; as the Greeke translation maketh this here: see also Num. 26. 40. Aechi] in Greeke, Eigcheim: called also Achi∣ram, Num. 26. 38. & Achrah, the third son of Ben∣jamin, 1 Chro. 8. 1. Rosh] of this man, there is no mention in Num. 26. 38. but in 1 Chro. 8. 2. he seemeth to be named Rapha, the fift son: who was father to Palti, one of the spies sent to view the land of Canaan, Num. 13. 10. who for his slande∣rous report, dyed with the rest, of a plague before the Lord, Num. 14. 36. 37. and so it may be, none of his family was left, to be reckoned in Num. 26. Muppim] in Greeke, Mamphein: called also Shupham, Num. 26. 39. and Shuppim, 1 Cron. 7. 12. Huppim] called Hupham, Numb. 26. 39. in Greeke, Opheimeim. Ard] The Greeke saith, And Gera begat Arad. In Numb. 26. 40. Ard see∣meth to be the sonne of Belah.

Vers. 22. were borne] Hebr. was borne: so in Gen. [unspec 22] 35. 26. fourteene] the Greeke saith, eighteene: by reason of that addition forementioned in v. 20. yet here faileth one in the summe. The Chaldee a∣greeth with the Hebrew.

Vers. 23. sonnes] that is, one Sonne; which was all [unspec 23]

that Dan had. So in vers. 7. daughters, for one daugh∣ter. Change of number is often in the Hebrew. As tribes of Benjamin. 1 Sam. 9. 21. Sepulchres, 2 Chron. 16. 14. sonnes for sonne, Gen. 21. 7. Num. 26. 42. 2 Chro. 24. 25. theeves, for one of them, Matth. 27. 44. Luk. 23. 39. 43. asses, Zach. 9. 9. for an asse, Matth. 21. 5. & he sate upon them, Matth. 21. 7. for which in Mark. 11. 7. is written, he sate upon him. Chushim] called also Shuham, Num. 26. 42. In Greeke, Asom.

Vers. 24. Iachziel, &c.] in Greeke Asel, and Gou∣ni, [unspec 24] and Issachar. Sillem:] or Shillem: called also Sallum, 1 Chron. 7. 13. in Greeke, Sullem.

Vers. 26. his thigh] that is, his body; or loynes: of [unspec 26] his seed: a modest manner of speech: so Exod. 1. 5. sixtie and sixe] so also the Greeke here is. This number, is beside Iakob himselfe, with whom they came.

Vers. 27. two soules] these words the Greek trans∣lation doth omit: having added more in verse 20. [unspec 27] came] understand, with Ioseph and his sonnes who were there before. seventie] with Iakob and Ioseph in the summe. The Greeke translateth, seven∣tie five; and so Stephen alledgeth the number, Acts 7. 14. the cause is before touched in verse 20. The like is in Exod. 1. 5. But in Deut. 10. 22. the Lxxij. Greeke interpreters, as well as the Hebrew, have but 70 soules. Which manifesteth the He∣brew text here to be exact; and the five to bee ad∣ded by the translators. The Hebrew Doctors say, that things beneath doe mystically signifie things above: and these 70 soules signified the 70 Angels that are a∣bout (Gods) glorious throne, the Presidents over the (seventie) nations. R. Menachem on Gen. 46. See also the notes on Deut. 32. 8. In that Abrahams seed, in 215. yeeres, were but 70. soules: it sheweth the slow and small increase of the church at the be∣ginning. But in 215. yeeres more, they were mul∣tiplied to sixe hundred thousand men, besides women and children, Exod. 12. 37. Num. 1. 46. Hereupon Moses said; Thy fathers went downe into Egypt, with 70. soules: and now, Iehovah thy God hath made thee, as the starres of heaven for multitude: Deut. 10. 22.

Vers. 28. to informe] or, to teach; that is, that hee [unspec 28] might informe (or teach) him. And it may be under∣stood, both that Iudas might informe Ioseph of his fathers comming; and especially that Ioseph might informe and teach where Iakob should abide at Goshen, when there hee came; and so as the Chaldee translateth it, to prepare before him. Like∣wise Thargum Ierusalemy expoundeth it, to prepare a place for him, wherein to dwell in Goshen. before him] that is, before himselfe came to Goshen: so the phrase sometime meaneth, as Gen. 30. 30. or, to his face, that is, to meet him; so the Greeke translateth, he sent Iudas before him unto Ioseph, to meet him at Heroopolis in the land of Ramesses.

Vers. 29. bound] that is, ordered and made ready, (as [unspec 29] the Chaldee expounds it:) tying and coupling the horses in it. So Exod. 14. 6. 1 King. 18. 44. The Greeke translateth, joyned. presented himselfe] or? was seene, appeared; this was to honour his fa∣ther. The same word is used in the law, for mens appearing (or presenting themselves) unto the Lord, Exod. 23. 17. still] or yet; that is, a good while; and as the Greeke translateth, with much weeping.

Vers. 30. let me dye] that is, I am willing to dye. The Chaldee translateth, now though I should dye; yet am I comforted; since I see thy face. So Simeon when he saw Christ, Luk. 2. 29. 30.

Vers. 32. sheep-herds] or feeders of sheepe: so verse 34. men that feed cattell] so the Greeke well explaineth the Hebrew phrase, men of cattell, that is, which feed or nourish them: grasiers. The Chal∣dee saith, Lords (or possessors) of flockes. So man of the ground, for an husbandman, Gen. 9. 20. Ioseph was not ashamed of his kindred, and their base trade, before King Pharaoh: though he knew their occu∣pation was abhominable in Egypt: verse 33.

Vers. 33. workes] in Greeke, worke: that is, your occupation, or trade. So in Gen. 47. 3. an abho∣mination] therefore the Egyptians would not so much as eate with them: see Gen. 43. 32. This is the condition of Gods Church on earth; they are made as the filth of the world; the off-scouring of all things; 1 Cor. 4. 13. Even Christ himselfe (the sheepherd of our soules. 1 Pet. 2. 25) was the reproach of men, and despised of the people, Psal. 22. 7. Esa. 53. 3.